精品解析：福建省厦门市2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

厦门市2023—2024 学年第二学期高一期末质量检测 英语试题 本试卷分五部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What can we know about Jack? A. He is buried in work. B. His clock doesn’t work. C. He finds his work boring. 2. How will the speakers help the cat? A. Bring him back home. B. Give his owner a call. C. Take him to the shelter. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Saleswoman and customer. B. Doctor and patient. C. Husband and wife. 4. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Follow his heart. B. Develop a new interest. C. Go with the stream. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Cutting costs. B. Making coffee. C. Dining out. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7 题。 6. What is Mary’s age? A.53. B.55. C.57. 7. What are the speakers doing now? A. Preparing for a party. B. Celebrating a birthday. C. Visiting their aunt. 听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。 8. What does the woman apologize for? A. Sending false messages. B. Missing the deadline. C. Forgetting to reply. 9. What does the man think of Woody Allen’s films? A. They are disappointing. B. They are worth watching. C. They are difficult to understand. 10. What will the woman do next? A. Pick up the tickets. B. Get the car. C. Ship a package. 听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。 11. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. At the restaurant. C. At the gym. 12. Why was the woman annoyed with the man? A. He was absent-minded. B. He made an odd post. C. He behaved rudely outside. 13. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Update his blog. B. Work out with her. C. Keep a balanced diet. 14. How does the man feel about the woman’s advice? A. It is impractical. B. It is horrible. C. It is acceptable. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15. Why does the woman talk to Mike? A. To make an invitation. B. To put off a meeting. C. To recommend a sport. 16. How often does the group meet? A. Once a week. B. Every two weeks. C. Once a month. 17. What is “The Kite Runner”? A. A club. B. A book. C. A movie. 听第10段材料，回答第18至 20题。 18. How many people are tested in the new study? A.18. B.25. C.30. 19. Who performed best in memorization according to the new study? A. Those working in silence. B. Those working with Mozart’s music. C. Those working with self-chosen music. 20. Who is the speaker? A. A musician. B. A host. C. A researcher. 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A RENTALS Music World offers a wide variety of rentals for instruments and sound system equipment. Our rates are among the lowest and we also include insurance. Instruments and equipment are all maintained in working order by excellent and experienced shop staff. Our rentals are available on a first-come, first-served basis. We try to accommodate as many rentals as possible, but can’t make any guarantees (保证) on availability. We do require full payment when you pick up the rental system. Click on an image below About Instrument Rentals: We visit the local schools and provide instrument rental shows to help band programs get started! Students have an opportunity to try out instruments. They can hear what each instrument sounds like and what role it plays in band and make an informed decision on what to play. If you’re needing a band instrument for school and need to rent one, look no further! Music World has sufficient instruments and has diverse prices to meet your need. About Sound Rentals: Looking to reserve a sound system for a wedding, meeting, or performance? Music World carries a wide selection of equipment for sound reinforcement (加强). We offer packages tailored to include a number of features. Please call ahead or visit us to reserve your rentals and you must have a DRIVER’S LICENSE and a CREDIT CARD to rent sound equipment. Location: 612B NE 81st St. Vancouver, WA 98665 Phone: 360-573-5575 1. What is an advantage of Music World Rentals? A. Competitive rates. B. Low insurance. C. Free maintenance. D. Guaranteed availability. 2. Who will Instrument Rentals attract most? A. Professors to give lectures. B. Students to join school bands. C. Musicians to perform in concerts. D. Couples to hold outdoor weddings. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To educate readers. B. To offer amusement. C. To advertise a service. D. To publicize an event. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要提供了有关音乐世界的乐器和音响系统的租赁服务的详细信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Music World offers a wide variety of rentals for instruments and sound system equipment. Our rates are among the lowest and we also include insurance. Instruments and equipment are all maintained in working order by excellent and experienced shop staff.(音乐世界提供各种各样的乐器和音响系统设备租赁服务。我们的收费是最低中的一个，而且还包括保险。仪器和设备由优秀和经验丰富的车间员工维护。)”可知，Music World Rentals的优势是收费具有竞争力。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据About Instrument Rentals部分的“We visit the local schools and provide instrument rental shows to help band programs get started! Students have an opportunity to try out instruments. They can hear what each instrument sounds like and what role it plays in band and make an informed decision on what to play.(我们参观当地的学校，并提供乐器租赁表演，以帮助乐队项目开始！学生们有机会试用乐器。他们可以听到每种乐器的声音以及它在乐队中扮演的角色，并做出明智的决定。) ”可知，乐器租赁最能吸引加入学校乐队的学生。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，根据文章最后的“Location: 612B NE 81st St. Vancouver, WA 98665 Phone: 360-573-5575”可知， 文章提供了有关音乐世界的乐器和音响系统的租赁服务的信息后提供了联系地址和联系方式，这是在宣传这些服务。故选C。 B You might have thought that the world’s longest-serving lifeguard would be found on a sunny beach in California or Australia. But on a rainy British spring day, the Guinness World Records people held a ceremony in Bournemouth to award local lifeguard Chris Lewis the title. Lewis, 74, began working at the Dorset spot when he was 16, meaning he has been coming to the aid of users of the sandy beaches here for 58 years. “It’s the best job in the world,” he said. “You’re working on the beach, which I love, and you’re helping people. What could be better?” Lewis said friends used to rib (逗弄) him that his colleagues in Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) were half his age. “Now they say they’re a third my age,” he said. But he is still fighting fit. RNLI lifeguards must complete a 400-metre pool swim in under 7.5 minutes. They have to do a 25-metre pool swim underwater and a 25-metre surface swim continuously in under 50 seconds. And run 200 metres along the beach in under 40 seconds. The swimming fitness tests are still reasonably easy for Lewis. All winter he has been doing 3,000 metres of sea swimming each month with no wetsuit. Lewis had ever suffered anxiety and depression. But he believes his training and the time spent on the beach relieved this. He now helps to train young lifeguards. Over the years, he has performed hundreds of rescues. He says giving advice that prevents people getting into trouble is preferable to carrying out exciting rescues. “I would love to go through the whole of summer without having to rescue anybody.” 4. Why does Lewis consider his job the best? A. It enables him to get an award. B. It matches his interests and values. C. It allows him to work at an old age. D. It wins him the beachgoers’ respect. 5. What is the purpose of the figures mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To show Lewis’ physical fitness. B. To analyze lifeguards’ safety risks. C. To measure Lewis’ performance. D. To stress the training requirements. 6. What can we learn from Lewis’ words in the last paragraph? A. Good advice sells for nothing. B. It’s never too late to rescue people. C. Prevention is better than cure. D. Actions speak louder than words. 7. Which of the following best describes Lewis? A. Devoted and creative. B. Knowledgeable and brave. C. Kind and determined. D. Emotional and adventurous. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了经验丰富的救生员Chris Lewis的事迹。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“‘It’s the best job in the world,’ he said. ‘You’re working on the beach, which I love, and you’re helping people. What could be better?’(“这是世界上最好的工作，”他说。“你在海滩上工作，这是我喜欢的，你在帮助别人。还有比这更好的吗?”)”可知，在他看来，这份工作让他在喜欢的地方帮助到别人。由此可推知，他认为自己的这份工作是最棒的是因为这份工作符合他的兴趣和价值观。故选B项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“RNLI lifeguards must complete a 400-metre pool swim in under 7.5 minutes. They have to do a 25-metre pool swim underwater and a 25-metre surface swim continuously in under 50 seconds. And run 200 metres along the beach in under 40 seconds. The swimming fitness tests are still reasonably easy for Lewis. All winter he has been doing 3,000 metres of sea swimming each month with no wetsuit.(RNLI的救生员必须在7.5分钟内游完400米泳池。他们必须在50秒内完成25米的水下游泳和25米的水面游泳。在40秒内沿着海滩跑200米。游泳体能测试对Lewis来说还是相当容易的。整个冬天，他每个月都在不穿潜水服的情况下进行3000米的海水游泳。)”可知，数字是在列举RNLI救生员的体能要求，而之后又讲到这些体能测试的要求对于Lewis来说是相当容易的，并补充冬天里他能做到每个月不穿潜水服的情况下进行3000米海水游泳。由此可推知，列举这些数字其实是为了说明Lewis优秀健康的体能。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章末尾段落内容“He says giving advice that prevents people getting into trouble is preferable to carrying out exciting rescues. ‘I would love to go through the whole of summer without having to rescue anybody.’(他说，提供建议以防止人们陷入麻烦比进行令人兴奋的救援更可取。“我希望整个夏天都不用去救任何人。”)”可知，在他看来，比起救援，能够提供建议以防止人们在这里陷入麻烦是更可取的。因此，从他的话里可以推知，在海边最好能做到“预防胜于治疗”或“防患于未然”。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“Lewis, 74, began working at the Dorset spot when he was 16, meaning he has been coming to the aid of users of the sandy beaches here for 58 years.(现年74岁的Lewis 16岁时就开始在多塞特郡的海滩上工作，这意味着58年来他一直在帮助这里的沙滩使用者。)”可知，58年以来，他一直在沙滩上帮助人们，这说明，他是一个善良的人；而第二段内容“But he is still fighting fit.(但他仍在努力保持健康。)”以及“All winter he has been doing 3,000 metres of sea swimming each month with no wetsuit.(整个冬天，他每个月都在不穿潜水服的情况下进行3000米的海水游泳。)”提到他虽然年纪很大了，仍然在努力保持身体健康，并能做到冬天里每个月不穿潜水服进行3000米海水游泳，这说明他是一个意志坚定的人。故选C项。 C We all remember that first cry at the movies. Whether they are tears of joy or sadness, it’s quite astonishing that human emotion can be controlled by moving images on a screen. In fact, it all comes from a plan. But what about those heart-breaking stories… for kids? They seem not to sugarcoat the realities of the world. Actually, many great kids’ movies loaded with tragedy (悲剧) are purposefully meant to stir up kids’ strong feelings. According to Aristotle, tragedy aids us in facing life’s unsolvable issues through sensible thought. Therefore, the existence of tragedy in kids’ movies is to teach kids to handle, to understand and to heal (治愈). The hardest lesson for a child is how to deal with loss, especially if it’s sudden. The cartoon classic The Lion King tells the story of Simba, who experiences the loss of his father. Kids see themselves in Simba’s character. He has dreams. He has a desire to grow and be a part of a bigger world. But it is really heartbreaking to see the loss. Why is a film like this so beloved when it makes kids cry? The lesson it teaches is to overcome hardships and to move forward. Hakuna Matata! Yes, the phrase from The Lion King is to teach kids it’s okay to move on from tragic loss and not to let it define you. It’s an important lesson we learned at a very young age. Sadness should not be ignored. It’s important to feel sad, and that is why these films are so great. In Dumbo, Charlotte’s Web and Bridge to Terabithia, we lose our beloved characters. This quite upsets kids, but it teaches them to accept sadness and makes something new out of it. So, what is the message behind a sad kids’ movie? It’s meant to teach the audience, especially children, to gain their independence and how to free themselves from tragedy. It’s like a cushion (缓冲垫) that separates stories from reality. It helps children deal with sad feelings when they come for real, or at least find relief by saying Hakuna Matata. 8. Why does the author mention “first cry” in paragraph 1? A. To promote a movie. B. To explain the reason. C. To support an argument. D. To introduce the topic. 9. What does the underlined phrase “Hakun a Matata” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Defining sadness as a treatment. B. Challenging oneself with tragic losses. C. Seeking knowledge to enrich life. D. Heading forward without being trapped. 10. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Sad kids’ movies help children to escape from reality. B. Sad kids’ movies prepare children for life struggles. C. Children can learn to ignore sadness in tragedy. D. Children can find a way to hide sad feelings. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. Why Are Great Kids’ Movies So Sad? B. What Is the Power of Great Kids’ Movies? C. Life’s Hardest Lesson: How Movies Inspire Us? D. Moving Beyond Reality: What Kids’ Movies Teach Us? 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了优秀的儿童电影如何通过悲伤教育孩子们，使他们能够应对生活中的挑战，学会在悲伤中寻找解脱和治愈的方法。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“We all remember that first cry at the movies. Whether they are tears of joy or sadness, it’s quite astonishing that human emotion can be controlled by moving images on a screen. In fact, it all comes from a plan. But what about those heart-breaking stories… for kids? They seem not to sugarcoat the realities of the world.(我们都记得看电影时的第一次哭泣。无论是喜悦还是悲伤的眼泪，人类的情感都可以被屏幕上的移动图像来控制，这是非常令人惊讶的。事实上，这一切都源于一个计划。但是那些让孩子们心碎的故事呢？他们似乎没有粉饰世界的现实。)”可知， 提到“第一次哭泣”是为了引出电影如何引起观众强烈的情感反应，这为讨论悲伤的儿童电影的影响奠定了基础，因此它的作用是引出下文的话题。故选D。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Why is a film like this so beloved when it makes kids cry? The lesson it teaches is to overcome hardships and to move forward. Hakuna Matata! Yes, the phrase from The Lion King is to teach kids it’s okay to move on from tragic loss and not to let it define you. It’s an important lesson we learned at a very young age. Sadness should not be ignored. It’s important to feel sad, and that is why these films are so great. In Dumbo, Charlotte’s Web and Bridge to Terabithia, we lose our beloved characters. This quite upsets kids, but it teaches them to accept sadness and makes something new out of it.(为什么这样一部让孩子们哭泣的电影如此受人喜爱？它教给我们的是克服困难，继续前进。……！是的，《狮子王》里的那句话是要告诉孩子们，从悲剧中走出来是可以的，不要让它定义你。这是我们在很小的时候就学到的重要一课。悲伤不应该被忽视。感到悲伤是很重要的，这就是为什么这些电影如此优秀。在《小飞象》、《夏洛特的网》和《通往特拉比西亚的桥》中，我们失去了我们喜爱的角色。这让孩子们很难过，但它教会了他们接受悲伤，并从中创造出新的东西。) ”可知， “Hakuna Matata”这句话出自《狮子王》，这句话告诉孩子们，从悲剧中走出来是可以的，不要让它定义你，由此可推知，这句话表示不被悲剧性的损失或悲伤所困，要勇往直前。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“So, what is the message behind a sad kids’ movie? It’s meant to teach the audience, especially children, to gain their independence and how to free themselves from tragedy. It’s like a cushion that separates stories from reality. It helps children deal with sad feelings when they come for real, or at least find relief by saying Hakuna Matata.(那么，这部悲伤的儿童电影背后传达了什么信息呢？它的目的是教会观众，尤其是孩子，获得独立，如何从悲剧中解脱出来。它就像一个缓冲垫，将故事与现实分开。它可以帮助孩子们处理悲伤的情绪，或者至少通过说Hakuna Matata来找到解脱。)”可知， 最后一段强调，悲伤的儿童电影是为了教会孩子们为生活的挣扎做好准备，如何应对悲伤和悲剧，而不是逃避现实或隐藏悲伤的情绪。因此，悲伤的儿童电影让孩子们为生活的挑战做好准备。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据最后一段的“So, what is the message behind a sad kids’ movie? It’s meant to teach the audience, especially children, to gain their independence and how to free themselves from tragedy. It’s like a cushion that separates stories from reality. It helps children deal with sad feelings when they come for real, or at least find relief by saying Hakuna Matata.(那么，这部悲伤的儿童电影背后传达了什么信息呢？它的目的是教会观众，尤其是孩子，获得独立，如何从悲剧中解脱出来。它就像一个缓冲垫，将故事与现实分开。它可以帮助孩子们处理悲伤的情绪，或者至少通过说Hakuna Matata来找到解脱。)”可知，文章开篇提出了对于儿童电影中那些令人心碎的故事的疑问，然后围绕着儿童电影中存在悲剧元素展开论述，详细解释了许多儿童电影充满悲剧的原因。因此，文章是在探讨出色的儿童电影为何会有悲伤元素，A项“为什么出色的儿童电影如此悲伤”最符合文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选A项。 D NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has discovered a planet where it rains sand, in ground-breaking observation. The planet, WASP-107b, lying 200 light years away, was discovered in 2017 after astronomers spotted a distinct periodic light going on and off like a candle from its host star each time the planet passed in front of it. “It’s like a fly in front of a street lamp,” said Leen Decin, a professor at Institute of Astronomy of KU Leuven. “You see a slight dimming (变暗) of the light.” While Webb’s instruments found signs of water vapour (水蒸气) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) on WASP-107b, they also found clouds of silicon dioxide (SiO2) that behave similar to water clouds on Earth, meaning that on WASP-107b, it rains sand. The planet’s atmosphere would feature something like Earth’s water cycle, but instead with sand cycling between solid and gas states. From the hotter, lower levels of the atmosphere, silicate vapour would rise up, cool and form tiny sands, too small to see. Eventually, these clouds of sand dust would become thick enough that they begin to rain back down to the lower layers of the atmosphere. Below a certain level, the sand would transform into vapour, completing the cycle. A central aim of the James Webb Space Telescope is to analyse the atmospheres of distant planets and search for biosignature gases that could show the presence of life. WASP-107b is not regarded as a likely candidate (候选), given its 1,000℃ climate and lack of a solid surface. However, the level of detail being got from targets like WASP-107b is seen as an encouraging sign. It’s the first time that we have been able to identify the chemical composition of clouds in the atmosphere of a distant planet, marking a significant leap in our understanding of the distant worlds. “The universe has so many surprises,” said Decin. “I do imagine that there may be various different choices for life to form on another planet. It might be very different from something you know here on Earth. We have to broaden our imaginations.” 12. How did astronomers discover the planet WASP-107b? A. By monitoring the movement of a fly. B. By studying the brightness of a street lamp. C. By comparing the distance of planets. D. By observing light change of its host star. 13. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The cycle of sand rain. B. The development of vapour. C. The feature of clouds. D. The temperature of atmosphere. 14. What can we know about WASP-107b according to paragraph 5? A. It has the same atmosphere as the Earth’s. B. It has signs indicating the presence of water. C. Its climate and surface conditions can’t support life. D. Its chemical composition disables cloud formation. 15. What is Decin’s attitude to the possibility of life in the universe? A. Negative. B. Positive. C. Cautious. D. Doubtful. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述美国宇航局太空望远镜发现了一颗下沙雨的行星。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The planet, WASP-107b, lying 200 light years away, was discovered in 2017 after astronomers spotted a distinct periodic light going on and off like a candle from its host star each time the planet passed in front of it. ‘It’s like a fly in front of a street lamp,’ said Leen Decin, a professor at Institute of Astronomy of KU Leuven. ‘You see a slight dimming (变暗) of the light.’ (这颗名为WASP-107b的行星位于200光年之外，是在2017年被发现的，此前天文学家发现，每当这颗行星从它的主星前面经过时，它都会发出一种独特的周期性光，就像蜡烛一样忽明忽暗。‘这就像路灯前的一只苍蝇，’鲁汶大学天文学研究所教授Leen Decin说。‘你会看到光线轻微变暗。’)”可知，天文学家是通过观察主行星的光变化发现WASP-107b行星的。故选D。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“The planet’s atmosphere would feature something like Earth’s water cycle, but instead with sand cycling between solid and gas states. From the hotter, lower levels of the atmosphere, silicate vapour would rise up, cool and form tiny sands, too small to see. Eventually, these clouds of sand dust would become thick enough that they begin to rain back down to the lower layers of the atmosphere. Below a certain level, the sand would transform into vapour, completing the cycle. (这颗行星的大气特征类似于地球的水循环，但沙子在固体和气体状态之间循环。从较热的低层大气中，硅酸盐蒸汽会上升，冷却并形成微小的沙子，小得看不见。最终，这些沙尘云会变得足够厚，以至于它们开始向低层大气中降雨。在一定的高度以下，沙子会变成水蒸气，完成这个循环。)”可知，本段主要介绍沙雨的循环，故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“A central aim of the James Webb Space Telescope is to analyse the atmospheres of distant planets and search for biosignature gases that could show the presence of life. WASP-107b is not regarded as a likely candidate (候选), given its 1,000℃ climate and lack of a solid surface. (詹姆斯·韦布太空望远镜的一个中心目标是分析遥远行星的大气，寻找可能表明生命存在的生物特征气体。WASP-107b不被认为是可能的候选者，因为它的气候温度为1000℃，而且缺乏固体表面。)”可知，WASP-107b行星的气候和地表条件不适合生命生存，故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I do imagine that there may be various different choices for life to form on another planet. It might be very different from something you know here on Earth. We have to broaden our imaginations. (我确实认为，在另一个星球上形成生命可能有各种不同的选择。它可能与你在地球上所知道的非常不同。我们必须拓宽我们的想象力。)”可知，Decin对宇宙生命的可能性持积极态度，故选B。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Being able to accept criticism (批评) and use it wisely is not just an important life skill; it’ll also make you happier. ____16____ Here are several rules for doing just that. It’s not personal. When we receive criticism, we tend to consider it a judgment on our abilities rather than on our performance. ____17____ The solution is to set up an internal belief such as: “It’s not a personal attack on me. I’ll think about it on its face about the matter at hand.” Treat criticism like helpful information. Depersonalizing (去个人化) criticism is a helpful approach that moves the focus from emotion to analysis. ____18____ It’s a rare glimpse into what outsiders think about your performance, and thus a potential opportunity to correct course and improve. Make criticism a gift, never a weapon. ____19____ For some—bosses, for example—doing so is part of the job. The key to criticizing to best effect is to remember the gift/weapon rule: If I am criticizing to help, I am doing it right; if I am doing it to harm,I am doing it wrong. Praise in public, criticize in private. A study showed that positive feedback given to students in public was 9 percent more inspiring than when given privately, while negative feedback in private was 11 percent more inspiring than in public. So what does that mean for your rude Amazon reviews? ____20____ Or better yet, don’t send them at all—unless you truly intend them to be constructive. A. Unfortunately, we hate being criticized. B. Send them to the author directly, if you dare. C. We all have to give criticism from time to time. D. Once you do it, you can start to see criticism for what it is. E. We may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism itself. F. It leads to lower self-worth, lower positive mood and less confidence. G. A way to master the skill is to form new habits of getting and giving criticism. 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要强调了如何正确处理和运用批评，帮助读者克服接受批评时常见的负面情绪和反应，从而更好地改进自己的表现和促进自我成长。 【16题详解】 根据上文的“Being able to accept criticism and use it wisely is not just an important life skill; it’ll also make you happier. (能够接受批评并明智地使用它不仅仅是一项重要的生活技能；它也会让你更快乐。)”和下文的“Here are several rules for doing just that.(这里有一些规则可以帮助你做到这一点。)”可知，G项(掌握这项技能的一个方法是养成接受批评和给予批评的新习惯。)承接上文，指出了如何掌握“能够接受批评并明智地使用它”这项技能，下文引出后文的具体做法。故选G项。 【17题详解】 根据上文的“When we receive criticism, we tend to consider it a judgment on our abilities rather than on our performance. (当我们受到批评时，我们倾向于认为这是对我们能力的评判，而不是对我们表现的评判。)”和下文的“The solution is to set up an internal belief such as: “It’s not a personal attack on me. I’ll think about it on its face about the matter at hand.”(解决办法是建立一种内在信念，比如：“这不是对我的人身攻击。我要认真考虑一下手头的事情。”)”可知，F项(它会降低自我价值感，降低积极情绪，降低自信。)承接上文，说明了我们的常规想法是错误的，会带来危害，下文指出如何解决这个问题。故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据上文的“Depersonalizing criticism is a helpful approach that moves the focus from emotion to analysis. (去个人化的批评是一种很有帮助的方法，可以将焦点从情感转移到分析。)”和下文的“It’s a rare glimpse into what outsiders think about your performance, and thus a potential opportunity to correct course and improve.(这是一个难得的机会，让你了解外人对你的表现的看法，因此，这是一个潜在的机会，可以纠正错误，提高自己。)”可知，D项(一旦你这样做了，你就会开始看到批评的本质。)承接上文，说明了去个人化的批评能够使你看清批评的本质，下文评价这是一个好机会可以提升自己。故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据下文的“For some—bosses, for example—doing so is part of the job. The key to criticizing to best effect is to remember the gift/weapon rule: If I am criticizing to help, I am doing it right; if I am doing it to harm,I am doing it wrong.(对某些人来说，比如老板，这样做是工作的一部分。批评的关键在于记住“礼物/武器”规则：如果我批评是为了帮助别人，那我就做对了；如果我这样做是为了伤害别人，那我就是做错了。)”可知，批评是要讲究原则的，C项(我们都不得不时不时地提出批评。)说明了我们有时会批评他人，就要遵守下文提出的原则。故选C项。 【20题详解】 根据上文的“A study showed that positive feedback given to students in public was 9 percent more inspiring than when given privately, while negative feedback in private was 11 percent more inspiring than in public. So what does that mean for your rude Amazon reviews? (一项研究表明，在公共场合给予学生的积极反馈比在私下给予的激励效果高出9%，而在私下给予的消极反馈比在公共场合给予的激励效果高出11%。那么，这对你那些粗鲁的亚马逊评论意味着什么呢？)”和下文的“Or better yet, don’t send them at all—unless you truly intend them to be constructive.(或者更好的做法是，根本就不要发送这些邮件——除非你真的想让它们具有建设性。)”可知，B项(如果你敢的话，直接发给作者。)承接上文，说明了要小心谨慎地做出消极的评论，下文指出了另外的选择，or表明上下文为不同的选择。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Pranti Zaveri, a teacher deeply interested in financial literacy (素养), created her own programme called the life skills programme. She came up with the ____21____ when she was teaching money to second graders and ____22____the kids were unaware of what it really meant. Kids were ____23____ spending money in the school store and she ____24____ how she could make it feel relevant (有关的) to them. The programme was based on the ____25____ of giving, saving, and spending. Each student had a classroom job and they were paid through a school-wide ____26____ with a school bank account they managed themselves. They were then asked to ____27____ their own businesses. They all had to ____28____ their creativity to have their own business plans and learn what they loved to do. It could be as ____29____ as making bookmarks or paintings, but Pranti ____30____ one student interested in the environment made terrariums (生物养育箱). They got opportunities to sell their ____31____ to each other with the school’s currency. And then, she introduced the programme to Parents’ Day so that students could ____32____ real money to put into their businesses. She also wanted to teach them about social ____33____ and how to give, so she ____34____them to donate the money to charity. “The programme gave students both confidence and an opportunity to ____35____ what they love from a young age, inspiring them to achieve what they dream!” said Pranti. 21. A. idea B. reason C. solution D. recommendation 22. A. expected B. concluded C. realized D. admitted 23. A. wisely B. carefully C. unwillingly D. unknowingly 24. A. doubted B. mentioned C. wondered D. explained 25. A. comparison B. philosophy C. evidence D. level 26. A. march B. ceremony C. balance D. currency 27. A. create B. maintain C. sell D. market 28. A. set aside B. pass on C. tap into D. show off 29. A. simple B. unique C. precious D. significant 30. A. remembered B. imagined C. understood D. sensed 31. A. tickets B. gifts C. accessories D. products 32. A. borrow B. spend C. donate D. earn 33. A. order B. impact C. context D. development 34. A. appointed B. encouraged C. requested D. forced 35. A. protect B. change C. pursue D. describe 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个教师通过实际操作和综合教育方法来教育学生财务素养，培养他们的创造力和社会责任感。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是在给二年级学生教“钱”的时候想到这个主意的，当时她意识到孩子们并不知道“钱”的真正含义。A. idea想法；B. reason原因；C. solution解决方案；D. recommendation建议。根据上文的“Pranti Zaveri, a teacher deeply interested in financial literacy, created her own programme called the life skills programme.”可知，Pranti Zaveri是一名对金融知识非常感兴趣的教师，她创建了自己的课程，名为“生活技能课程”，这是她想到的主意，来帮助孩子们理解“钱”的真正含义。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是在给二年级学生教“钱”的时候想到这个主意的，当时她意识到孩子们并不知道“钱”的真正含义。A. expected预期；B. concluded推断；C. realized实现；D. admitted承认。根据本句中的“the kids were unaware of what it really meant”可知，孩子们并不知道“钱”的真正含义，这是Pranti Zaveri在给学生上课时意识到的。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：孩子们无意识地在学校商店里花钱，她想知道如何让他们觉得这与他们有关。A. wisely明智地；B. carefully小心地；C. unwillingly不情愿地；D. unknowingly无意识地。根据上文的“the kids were unaware of what it really meant”可知，孩子们并不知道“钱”的真正含义，因此会无意识地在学校商店里花钱买东西。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们无意识地在学校商店里花钱，她想知道如何让他们觉得这与他们有关。A. doubted怀疑；B. mentioned提到；C. wondered想知道；D. explained解释。根据本句中的“Kids were...spending money in the school store”可知，孩子们无意识地在学校商店里花钱，因此Pranti Zaveri想知道让他们意识到“钱”与他们的关系。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：该计划基于给予、储蓄和支出的理念。A. comparison比较；B. philosophy哲学，理念；C. evidence证据；D. level水平。根据本句中的“giving, saving, and spending”可知，计划以给予、储蓄和支出的理念为基础。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个学生都承担一份教室工作，他们的工资是通过学校通用的货币支付的，并有一个他们自己管理的学校银行账户。A. march游行；B. ceremony仪式；C. balance平衡；D. currency货币。根据下文的“with the school’s currency”可知，学生的工资是通过学校通用的货币支付的，currency是提示词。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他们被要求创建自己的企业。A. create创造；B. maintain维护；C. sell出售；D. market市场。根据下文的“their creativity to have their own business plans”可知，学生被要求创建自己的事业。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们都必须利用自己的创造力，制定自己的商业计划，了解自己喜欢做什么。A. set aside搁置；B. pass on传递；C. tap into利用；D. show off炫耀。根据本句中的“their creativity to have their own business plans and learn what they loved to do”可知，学生需要利用自己的创造力来制定自己的商业计划，了解自己喜欢做什么。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它可以像制作书签或绘画一样简单，但普兰蒂记得一个对环境感兴趣的学生制作了生物养育箱。A. simple简单的；B. unique独特的；C. precious珍贵的；D. significant重要的。根据本句中的“making bookmarks or paintings”可知，创建自己的事业和制作书签或绘画一样简单。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它可以像制作书签或绘画一样简单，但普兰蒂记得一个对环境感兴趣的学生制作了生物养育箱。A. remembered记得；B. imagined想象；C. understood理解；D. sensed察觉到。根据下文的“And then, she introduced the programme to Parents’ Day so that students could...real money to put into their businesses”可知，普兰蒂帮助了一个对环境感兴趣的学生推销其制作的生物养育箱，因此普兰蒂记得这件事情。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们有机会用学校的货币互相销售产品。A. tickets票；B. gifts礼物；C. accessories附件；D. products产品。根据本句中的“with the school’s currency”可知，他们用学校内流通的货币来销售产品，即生物养育箱。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她在父母节推出了这个项目，这样学生们就可以为自己的企业赚钱。A. borrow借；B. spend花费；C. donate捐赠；D. earn赚钱。根据上文的“They got opportunities to sell their...to each other with the school’s currency.”可知，他们有机会用学校的货币互相销售产品，这样学生们就可以为自己的事业赚钱。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她还想教他们关于社会影响力和如何给予，所以她鼓励他们把钱捐给慈善机构。A. order订单；B. impact影响；C. context上下文；D. development发展。根据本句中的“how to give”和“donate the money to charity”可知，给予和把钱捐给慈善机构是能够带来社会影响力的。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还想教他们关于社会影响力和如何给予，所以她鼓励他们把钱捐给慈善机构。A. appointed指定；B. encouraged鼓励；C. requested请求；D. forced强迫。根据本句中的“She also wanted to teach them about social...and how to give”可知，她想教他们关于社会影响力和如何给予，因此会鼓励他们把钱捐给慈善机构。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个项目让学生从小就有信心和机会去追求自己喜欢的东西，激励他们实现自己的梦想！A. protect保护；B. change改变；C. pursue追求；D. describe描述。根据本句中的“inspiring them to achieve what they dream”可知，为了激励他们实现自己的梦想，这个项目让学生从小就有信心和机会去追求自己喜欢的东西。故选C项。 第二节 （共3篇，10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China towns are an important part of the diverse culture of the USA. The one in San Francisco is the biggest and oldest in America. It is a very popular tourist draw that receives more visitors each year than even the Golden Gate Bridge. Historically, Chinese immigrants ____36____ (settle) in the area during the railroad construction and gold rush period. The ____37____ (major) of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese, many of ____38____ do not speak English fluently. This allows visitors to experience a real taste of China. 【答案】36. settled 37. majority 38. whom 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国旧金山的唐人街，它是美国多元文化中重要的一部分。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：历史上，中国移民在铁路建设和淘金热时期定居在该地区。根据“ Historically”可知，句子讲述过去的事情，谓语动词使用一般过去时，故填settled。 【37题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：唐人街的大多数居民仍然是华裔，其中许多人的英语说得不流利。固定短语“the majority of”意为“大多数”，故填majority。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：唐人街的大多数居民仍然是华裔，其中许多人的英语说得不流利。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，“ethnic Chinese”是先行词，它在从句中作宾语，指人，因此使用whom引导定语从句，故填whom。 B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The cat dashed over to Eric as she did to others, but there was obviously something special about this man. With innocent eyes fixed ____39____ him, she rubbed against his leg and refused to leave his side. He examined her a little ____40____ (close) and then gathered her in his arms. “This is my cat,” he said calmly, never taking his eyes off her. “By the way, what’s the cat’s name?” I asked, still in shock. He smiled ____41____ replied, “Queenie. I named her because she walked around the house as if she were royalty.” 【答案】39. on 40. closer 41. and 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。描述一只猫与Eric之间的互动，展现了他们之间特殊的联系。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：她用无辜的眼神注视着他，蹭着他的腿，并且拒绝离开他的身边。fix on是固定搭配，表示目光或注意力集中于某人或某物上。在这里，猫用无辜的眼神注视着Eric，所以应该使用on。故填on。 【40题详解】 考查副词比较级。句意：他更仔细地检查了她一下，然后抱起了她。close是副词，表示“接近地”。由于这里需要表达Eric对猫进行了更仔细的检查，再结合空前的a little常常修饰比较级，故填closer。 【41题详解】 考查并列连词。句意：他微笑着回答说，“Queenie。”and是连词，用来连接两个并列的句子或短语。在这里，Eric先是微笑，然后回答了问题，所以应该使用and来连接这两个动作。故填and。 C 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The sport ____42____ (consider) the F1 on water, the annual dragon boat race held in China every June. If you witness it alive, the scene is truly breathtaking. Within a short section of river, people ____43____ (expert) control a dragon boat that is up to 120 feet, occasionally drifting (漂移) and ____44____ (gain) speed, creating a great scene comparable to F1 races on land. The helmsman, the key player on boat, performs drifts by directing paddlers during sharp turns. This requires high precision (精准度) and significant skill ____45____ (achieve) only through a great amount of team training. 【答案】42. is considered 43. expertly 44. gaining 45. to achieve 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了龙舟比赛的壮观场面。 【42题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这项运动被认为是水上F1，每年6月在中国举行的一年一度的龙舟比赛。主语The sport和谓语动词consider之间是被动关系，且描述事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填is considered。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：在一小段河段内，人们熟练地驾驭着高达120英尺的龙舟，时而漂移，时而加速，营造出堪比陆地上F1比赛的壮观场面。空处修饰动词control，应用副词expertly作状语，故填expertly。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。空处和现在分词drifting并列作状语，非谓语动词gain和逻辑主语people之间是主谓关系，gain使用现在分词形式，故填gaining。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这需要很高的精确度和重要的技能，只有通过大量的团队训练才能实现。空处表示目的，achieve用动词不定式形式作目的状语，故填to achieve。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 你校英文报将以品读经典文学名著为主题，举办英语征文活动，请你写一篇书评投稿，内容包括： （1）书籍简介； （2）阅读心得。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】“Pride and Prejudice,” written by Jane Austen, is a timeless classic. It delves into the intricacies of human emotions and societal norms in 19th-century England. The novel revolves around the Bennet family, particularly the headstrong Elizabeth Bennet and her complicated relationship with the proud yet charming Mr. Darcy. As they navigate the intricate web of social hierarchy and personal biases, Austen masterfully weaves a tale of love, misunderstandings, and eventual self-discovery. Reading this book was a profound experience. It not only transported me to a bygone era but also mirrored the universal truths of human nature—our prejudices that often cloud judgment and the quiet pride that can hinder connection. Elizabeth’s wit and independence inspired me to embrace my own voice and question societal norms. Meanwhile, Darcy’s transformation from arrogant to empathetic taught me the value of self-reflection and growth. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生写一篇书评投稿，参加学校以品读经典文学名著为主题，举办的英语征文活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 探究：delve into→probe into 尤其：particularly→especially 鼓励某人做某事：inspire sb to do sth→encourage sb to do sth 同时：meanwhile→at the same time 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：“Pride and Prejudice,” written by Jane Austen, is a timeless classic. 拓展句：“Pride and Prejudice,” which was written by Jane Austen, is a timeless classic. 【点睛】[高分句型1] It not only transported me to a bygone era but also mirrored the universal truths of human nature—our prejudices that often cloud judgment and the quiet pride that can hinder connection（运用了that引导定语从句） [高分句型2] “Pride and Prejudice,” written by Jane Austen, is a timeless classic.（运用了过去分词作定语） 第二节 （满分15分） 47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 The robots are coming! In science fiction, it is usually a warning. In the real world, it is a welcome one. The field of robotics has made impressive progress in the past year, thanks to the advances in artificial intelligence (AI) applied to machines. Robots are becoming more capable, easier to program and able to explain what they are doing. Although human beings sometimes are afraid of them, the latest advances in robotics will bring real and significant benefits. One is that new “multimodal” AI models combine understanding of language and vision with data from robotic sensors and actuators (执行器). This makes it possible to deal with robots using ordinary words. You can ask a robot what it is able to see or tell it to “pick up the yellow fruit”. Such models in effect give robots a degree of common sense — in this case, knowing that a nearby banana is a kind of yellow fruit. Another is that the new models enable robots to explain the reasoning behind their actions. That is useful when they behave in unexpected or unwelcome ways. So long as robots’ brains are not mysterious black boxes, programming them is fairly easy. The robots are safer and more reliable because their understanding is grounded in observations of the world, and they aim to ensure that cognitive (认知的) and physical reality match. Additionally, robots are getting better at learning quickly through copying and at generalizing from one skill to another. This opens the door for robots to move out of factories and warehouses. Labor markets across the rich world are tight — and getting tighter as societies age. As well as increasing productivity while work forces drop, more capable robots could cook, clean, and care for the aged and the needy. Advanced economies will need more automation (自动化) if they are to maintain their standards of living. With populations aging quickly, robots can help people avoid working for longer periods and retiring later. In the coming years, attitudes could well change from fearing the arrival of robots to wishing that they would get here sooner. 注意：请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】AI-driven robotics advancements enhance robots’ capabilities through multimodal AI, enabling language and visual processing for improved task execution and common-sense reasoning. Enhanced decision transparency and rapid skill generalization allow robots to expand into caregiving and domestic roles, addressing labor shortages in aging societies. These innovations boost productivity and living standards, shifting public perception from fear to anticipation. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了机器人技术的最新进展，包括多模态AI模型、行为解释能力及快速学习能力，指出机器人将为社会带来显著益处，人们对其态度正逐渐转变。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①The field of robotics has made impressive progress in the past year, thanks to the advances in artificial intelligence (AI) applied to machines. ②One is that new “multimodal” AI models combine understanding of language and vision with data from robotic sensors and actuators (执行器). ③Another is that the new models enable robots to explain the reasoning behind their actions. ④Additionally, robots are getting better at learning quickly through copying and at generalizing from one skill to another. This opens the door for robots to move out of factories and warehouses. ⑤Labor markets across the rich world are tight — and getting tighter as societies age. As well as increasing productivity while work forces drop, more capable robots could cook, clean, and care for the aged and the needy. ⑥In the coming years, attitudes could well change from fearing the arrival of robots to wishing that they would get here sooner. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2、3三个要点进行整合，概括机器人的技术进步及其影响；将第4、5两个要点进行整合，描述机器人技能拓展及应用领域；第6要点单独成句，总结公众对机器人态度的转变。 3.遣词造句 AI-driven robotics advancements have significantly enhanced robots’ capabilities. Multimodal AI models facilitate language and visual processing, improving task execution and common-sense reasoning. Enhanced decision transparency and rapid skill generalization enable robots to take on caregiving and domestic roles. Aging societies face tight labor markets, and robots are stepping in to fill the gap. These innovations not only boost productivity but also improve living standards. Public perception is shifting from fear to anticipation towards robots. 【点睛】[高分句型] AI-driven robotics advancements enhance robots’ capabilities through multimodal AI, enabling language and visual processing for improved task execution and common-sense reasoning. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型] Enhanced decision transparency and rapid skill generalization allow robots to expand into caregiving and domestic roles, addressing labor shortages in aging societies. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型] These innovations boost productivity and living standards, shifting public perception from fear to anticipation. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第五部分 口语交际 （10分） 试题及评分标准由学校备课组根据学生的情况自定。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 厦门市2023—2024 学年第二学期高一期末质量检测 英语试题 本试卷分五部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What can we know about Jack? A. He is buried in work. B. His clock doesn’t work. C. He finds his work boring. 2. How will the speakers help the cat? A. Bring him back home. B. Give his owner a call. C. Take him to the shelter. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Saleswoman and customer. B. Doctor and patient. C. Husband and wife. 4. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Follow his heart. B. Develop a new interest. C. Go with the stream. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Cutting costs. B. Making coffee. C. Dining out. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7 题。 6. What is Mary’s age? A.53. B.55. C.57. 7. What are the speakers doing now? A. Preparing for a party. B. Celebrating a birthday. C. Visiting their aunt. 听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。 8. What does the woman apologize for? A. Sending false messages. B. Missing the deadline. C. Forgetting to reply. 9. What does the man think of Woody Allen’s films? A. They are disappointing. B. They are worth watching. C. They are difficult to understand. 10. What will the woman do next? A. Pick up the tickets. B. Get the car. C. Ship a package. 听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。 11. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. At the restaurant. C. At the gym. 12. Why was the woman annoyed with the man? A. He was absent-minded. B. He made an odd post. C. He behaved rudely outside. 13. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Update his blog. B. Work out with her. C. Keep a balanced diet. 14. How does the man feel about the woman’s advice? A. It is impractical. B. It is horrible. C. It is acceptable. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15. Why does the woman talk to Mike? A. To make an invitation. B. To put off a meeting. C. To recommend a sport. 16. How often does the group meet? A. Once a week. B. Every two weeks. C. Once a month. 17. What is “The Kite Runner”? A. A club. B. A book. C. A movie. 听第10段材料，回答第18至 20题。 18. How many people are tested in the new study? A.18. B.25. C.30. 19. Who performed best in memorization according to the new study? A. Those working in silence. B. Those working with Mozart’s music. C. Those working with self-chosen music. 20. Who is the speaker? A. A musician. B. A host. C. A researcher. 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A RENTALS Music World offers a wide variety of rentals for instruments and sound system equipment. Our rates are among the lowest and we also include insurance. Instruments and equipment are all maintained in working order by excellent and experienced shop staff. Our rentals are available on a first-come, first-served basis. We try to accommodate as many rentals as possible, but can’t make any guarantees (保证) on availability. We do require full payment when you pick up the rental system. Click on an image below About Instrument Rentals: We visit the local schools and provide instrument rental shows to help band programs get started! Students have an opportunity to try out instruments. They can hear what each instrument sounds like and what role it plays in band and make an informed decision on what to play. If you’re needing a band instrument for school and need to rent one, look no further! Music World has sufficient instruments and has diverse prices to meet your need. About Sound Rentals: Looking to reserve a sound system for a wedding, meeting, or performance? Music World carries a wide selection of equipment for sound reinforcement (加强). We offer packages tailored to include a number of features. Please call ahead or visit us to reserve your rentals and you must have a DRIVER’S LICENSE and a CREDIT CARD to rent sound equipment. Location: 612B NE 81st St. Vancouver, WA 98665 Phone: 360-573-5575 1. What is an advantage of Music World Rentals? A. Competitive rates. B. Low insurance. C. Free maintenance. D. Guaranteed availability. 2. Who will Instrument Rentals attract most? A. Professors to give lectures. B. Students to join school bands. C. Musicians to perform in concerts. D. Couples to hold outdoor weddings. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To educate readers. B. To offer amusement. C. To advertise a service. D. To publicize an event. B You might have thought that the world’s longest-serving lifeguard would be found on a sunny beach in California or Australia. But on a rainy British spring day, the Guinness World Records people held a ceremony in Bournemouth to award local lifeguard Chris Lewis the title. Lewis, 74, began working at the Dorset spot when he was 16, meaning he has been coming to the aid of users of the sandy beaches here for 58 years. “It’s the best job in the world,” he said. “You’re working on the beach, which I love, and you’re helping people. What could be better?” Lewis said friends used to rib (逗弄) him that his colleagues in Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) were half his age. “Now they say they’re a third my age,” he said. But he is still fighting fit. RNLI lifeguards must complete a 400-metre pool swim in under 7.5 minutes. They have to do a 25-metre pool swim underwater and a 25-metre surface swim continuously in under 50 seconds. And run 200 metres along the beach in under 40 seconds. The swimming fitness tests are still reasonably easy for Lewis. All winter he has been doing 3,000 metres of sea swimming each month with no wetsuit. Lewis had ever suffered anxiety and depression. But he believes his training and the time spent on the beach relieved this. He now helps to train young lifeguards. Over the years, he has performed hundreds of rescues. He says giving advice that prevents people getting into trouble is preferable to carrying out exciting rescues. “I would love to go through the whole of summer without having to rescue anybody.” 4. Why does Lewis consider his job the best? A. It enables him to get an award. B. It matches his interests and values. C. It allows him to work at an old age. D. It wins him the beachgoers’ respect. 5. What is the purpose of the figures mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To show Lewis’ physical fitness. B. To analyze lifeguards’ safety risks. C. To measure Lewis’ performance. D. To stress the training requirements. 6. What can we learn from Lewis’ words in the last paragraph? A. Good advice sells for nothing. B. It’s never too late to rescue people. C. Prevention is better than cure. D. Actions speak louder than words. 7. Which of the following best describes Lewis? A. Devoted and creative. B. Knowledgeable and brave. C. Kind and determined. D. Emotional and adventurous. C We all remember that first cry at the movies. Whether they are tears of joy or sadness, it’s quite astonishing that human emotion can be controlled by moving images on a screen. In fact, it all comes from a plan. But what about those heart-breaking stories… for kids? They seem not to sugarcoat the realities of the world. Actually, many great kids’ movies loaded with tragedy (悲剧) are purposefully meant to stir up kids’ strong feelings. According to Aristotle, tragedy aids us in facing life’s unsolvable issues through sensible thought. Therefore, the existence of tragedy in kids’ movies is to teach kids to handle, to understand and to heal (治愈). The hardest lesson for a child is how to deal with loss, especially if it’s sudden. The cartoon classic The Lion King tells the story of Simba, who experiences the loss of his father. Kids see themselves in Simba’s character. He has dreams. He has a desire to grow and be a part of a bigger world. But it is really heartbreaking to see the loss. Why is a film like this so beloved when it makes kids cry? The lesson it teaches is to overcome hardships and to move forward. Hakuna Matata! Yes, the phrase from The Lion King is to teach kids it’s okay to move on from tragic loss and not to let it define you. It’s an important lesson we learned at a very young age. Sadness should not be ignored. It’s important to feel sad, and that is why these films are so great. In Dumbo, Charlotte’s Web and Bridge to Terabithia, we lose our beloved characters. This quite upsets kids, but it teaches them to accept sadness and makes something new out of it. So, what is the message behind a sad kids’ movie? It’s meant to teach the audience, especially children, to gain their independence and how to free themselves from tragedy. It’s like a cushion (缓冲垫) that separates stories from reality. It helps children deal with sad feelings when they come for real, or at least find relief by saying Hakuna Matata. 8. Why does the author mention “first cry” in paragraph 1? A. To promote a movie. B. To explain the reason. C. To support an argument. D. To introduce the topic. 9. What does the underlined phrase “Hakun a Matata” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Defining sadness as a treatment. B. Challenging oneself with tragic losses. C. Seeking knowledge to enrich life. D. Heading forward without being trapped. 10. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Sad kids’ movies help children to escape from reality. B. Sad kids’ movies prepare children for life struggles. C. Children can learn to ignore sadness in tragedy. D. Children can find a way to hide sad feelings. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. Why Are Great Kids’ Movies So Sad? B. What Is the Power of Great Kids’ Movies? C. Life’s Hardest Lesson: How Movies Inspire Us? D. Moving Beyond Reality: What Kids’ Movies Teach Us? D NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has discovered a planet where it rains sand, in ground-breaking observation. The planet, WASP-107b, lying 200 light years away, was discovered in 2017 after astronomers spotted a distinct periodic light going on and off like a candle from its host star each time the planet passed in front of it. “It’s like a fly in front of a street lamp,” said Leen Decin, a professor at Institute of Astronomy of KU Leuven. “You see a slight dimming (变暗) of the light.” While Webb’s instruments found signs of water vapour (水蒸气) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) on WASP-107b, they also found clouds of silicon dioxide (SiO2) that behave similar to water clouds on Earth, meaning that on WASP-107b, it rains sand. The planet’s atmosphere would feature something like Earth’s water cycle, but instead with sand cycling between solid and gas states. From the hotter, lower levels of the atmosphere, silicate vapour would rise up, cool and form tiny sands, too small to see. Eventually, these clouds of sand dust would become thick enough that they begin to rain back down to the lower layers of the atmosphere. Below a certain level, the sand would transform into vapour, completing the cycle. A central aim of the James Webb Space Telescope is to analyse the atmospheres of distant planets and search for biosignature gases that could show the presence of life. WASP-107b is not regarded as a likely candidate (候选), given its 1,000℃ climate and lack of a solid surface. However, the level of detail being got from targets like WASP-107b is seen as an encouraging sign. It’s the first time that we have been able to identify the chemical composition of clouds in the atmosphere of a distant planet, marking a significant leap in our understanding of the distant worlds. “The universe has so many surprises,” said Decin. “I do imagine that there may be various different choices for life to form on another planet. It might be very different from something you know here on Earth. We have to broaden our imaginations.” 12. How did astronomers discover the planet WASP-107b? A. By monitoring the movement of a fly. B. By studying the brightness of a street lamp. C. By comparing the distance of planets. D. By observing light change of its host star. 13. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The cycle of sand rain. B. The development of vapour. C. The feature of clouds. D. The temperature of atmosphere. 14. What can we know about WASP-107b according to paragraph 5? A. It has the same atmosphere as the Earth’s. B. It has signs indicating the presence of water. C. Its climate and surface conditions can’t support life. D. Its chemical composition disables cloud formation. 15. What is Decin’s attitude to the possibility of life in the universe? A. Negative. B. Positive. C. Cautious. D. Doubtful. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Being able to accept criticism (批评) and use it wisely is not just an important life skill; it’ll also make you happier. ____16____ Here are several rules for doing just that. It’s not personal. When we receive criticism, we tend to consider it a judgment on our abilities rather than on our performance. ____17____ The solution is to set up an internal belief such as: “It’s not a personal attack on me. I’ll think about it on its face about the matter at hand.” Treat criticism like helpful information. Depersonalizing (去个人化) criticism is a helpful approach that moves the focus from emotion to analysis. ____18____ It’s a rare glimpse into what outsiders think about your performance, and thus a potential opportunity to correct course and improve. Make criticism a gift, never a weapon. ____19____ For some—bosses, for example—doing so is part of the job. The key to criticizing to best effect is to remember the gift/weapon rule: If I am criticizing to help, I am doing it right; if I am doing it to harm,I am doing it wrong. Praise in public, criticize in private. A study showed that positive feedback given to students in public was 9 percent more inspiring than when given privately, while negative feedback in private was 11 percent more inspiring than in public. So what does that mean for your rude Amazon reviews? ____20____ Or better yet, don’t send them at all—unless you truly intend them to be constructive. A. Unfortunately, we hate being criticized. B. Send them to the author directly, if you dare. C. We all have to give criticism from time to time. D. Once you do it, you can start to see criticism for what it is. E. We may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism itself. F. It leads to lower self-worth, lower positive mood and less confidence. G. A way to master the skill is to form new habits of getting and giving criticism. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Pranti Zaveri, a teacher deeply interested in financial literacy (素养), created her own programme called the life skills programme. She came up with the ____21____ when she was teaching money to second graders and ____22____the kids were unaware of what it really meant. Kids were ____23____ spending money in the school store and she ____24____ how she could make it feel relevant (有关的) to them. The programme was based on the ____25____ of giving, saving, and spending. Each student had a classroom job and they were paid through a school-wide ____26____ with a school bank account they managed themselves. They were then asked to ____27____ their own businesses. They all had to ____28____ their creativity to have their own business plans and learn what they loved to do. It could be as ____29____ as making bookmarks or paintings, but Pranti ____30____ one student interested in the environment made terrariums (生物养育箱). They got opportunities to sell their ____31____ to each other with the school’s currency. And then, she introduced the programme to Parents’ Day so that students could ____32____ real money to put into their businesses. She also wanted to teach them about social ____33____ and how to give, so she ____34____them to donate the money to charity. “The programme gave students both confidence and an opportunity to ____35____ what they love from a young age, inspiring them to achieve what they dream!” said Pranti. 21. A. idea B. reason C. solution D. recommendation 22. A. expected B. concluded C. realized D. admitted 23. A. wisely B. carefully C. unwillingly D. unknowingly 24. A. doubted B. mentioned C. wondered D. explained 25. A. comparison B. philosophy C. evidence D. level 26. A. march B. ceremony C. balance D. currency 27. A. create B. maintain C. sell D. market 28. A. set aside B. pass on C. tap into D. show off 29. A. simple B. unique C. precious D. significant 30. A. remembered B. imagined C. understood D. sensed 31. A. tickets B. gifts C. accessories D. products 32. A. borrow B. spend C. donate D. earn 33. A. order B. impact C. context D. development 34. A. appointed B. encouraged C. requested D. forced 35. A. protect B. change C. pursue D. describe 第二节 （共3篇，10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China towns are an important part of the diverse culture of the USA. The one in San Francisco is the biggest and oldest in America. It is a very popular tourist draw that receives more visitors each year than even the Golden Gate Bridge. Historically, Chinese immigrants ____36____ (settle) in the area during the railroad construction and gold rush period. The ____37____ (major) of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese, many of ____38____ do not speak English fluently. This allows visitors to experience a real taste of China. B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The cat dashed over to Eric as she did to others, but there was obviously something special about this man. With innocent eyes fixed ____39____ him, she rubbed against his leg and refused to leave his side. He examined her a little ____40____ (close) and then gathered her in his arms. “This is my cat,” he said calmly, never taking his eyes off her. “By the way, what’s the cat’s name?” I asked, still in shock. He smiled ____41____ replied, “Queenie. I named her because she walked around the house as if she were royalty.” C 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The sport ____42____ (consider) the F1 on water, the annual dragon boat race held in China every June. If you witness it alive, the scene is truly breathtaking. Within a short section of river, people ____43____ (expert) control a dragon boat that is up to 120 feet, occasionally drifting (漂移) and ____44____ (gain) speed, creating a great scene comparable to F1 races on land. The helmsman, the key player on boat, performs drifts by directing paddlers during sharp turns. This requires high precision (精准度) and significant skill ____45____ (achieve) only through a great amount of team training. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 你校英文报将以品读经典文学名著为主题，举办英语征文活动，请你写一篇书评投稿，内容包括： （1）书籍简介； （2）阅读心得。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 （满分15分） 47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 The robots are coming! In science fiction, it is usually a warning. In the real world, it is a welcome one. The field of robotics has made impressive progress in the past year, thanks to the advances in artificial intelligence (AI) applied to machines. Robots are becoming more capable, easier to program and able to explain what they are doing. Although human beings sometimes are afraid of them, the latest advances in robotics will bring real and significant benefits. One is that new “multimodal” AI models combine understanding of language and vision with data from robotic sensors and actuators (执行器). This makes it possible to deal with robots using ordinary words. You can ask a robot what it is able to see or tell it to “pick up the yellow fruit”. Such models in effect give robots a degree of common sense — in this case, knowing that a nearby banana is a kind of yellow fruit. Another is that the new models enable robots to explain the reasoning behind their actions. That is useful when they behave in unexpected or unwelcome ways. So long as robots’ brains are not mysterious black boxes, programming them is fairly easy. The robots are safer and more reliable because their understanding is grounded in observations of the world, and they aim to ensure that cognitive (认知的) and physical reality match. Additionally, robots are getting better at learning quickly through copying and at generalizing from one skill to another. This opens the door for robots to move out of factories and warehouses. Labor markets across the rich world are tight — and getting tighter as societies age. As well as increasing productivity while work forces drop, more capable robots could cook, clean, and care for the aged and the needy. Advanced economies will need more automation (自动化) if they are to maintain their standards of living. With populations aging quickly, robots can help people avoid working for longer periods and retiring later. In the coming years, attitudes could well change from fearing the arrival of robots to wishing that they would get here sooner. 注意：请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第五部分 口语交际 （10分） 试题及评分标准由学校备课组根据学生的情况自定。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $