精品解析：北京市通州区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题

通州区2023—2024学年第二学期高一年级期末质量检测 英语试卷 2024年7月 本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Reagan, a book lover, looked up from his reading as the bell rang over the entrance to the bookstore. Puzzled, he watched for a minute as Darya ___1___ toward the counter (柜台) as if to ask a question. It didn’t make sense that Darya, one of the school’s top athletes, was in a bookstore. Not wanting to be noticed, Reagan ___2___ found another volume to read. He wouldn’t know what to say if she tried to start a conversation because he thought they two were too different to have anything to ___3___. “Hey, Reagan.” Her greeting ___4___ him, and his breath caught in his throat as it became apparent he hadn’t escaped after all. “Maybe you can help me.” He doubted it, but he managed to choke out a reply. “Me?” “I’m trying to ___5___ a book on soccer skills. I won’t be able to go to camp over spring break, and I need to improve my game before the next season begins.” Reagan swallowed, then motioned randomly with his hands before he found his voice. “Sure. Over here.” He thought it would save confusion if he just ___6___ the way rather than try to point her in the right direction. As she followed him through the shelves, he dared to imagine they might not be so ___7___ after all. He felt a brief flash of hope, the sun shining suddenly where all had been gray. ___8___, one of Darya’s teammates appeared as if out of nowhere, urging her to finish any purchases, or they would be late for practice. Sighing, Reagan realized nothing had really changed; the differences would never let them break down those barriers, even if they so chose. Instead, she turned to Reagan with a ___9___ smile, “Thanks for your help, and hey, maybe we could play soccer sometime?” Surprised but pleased, Reagan’s heart leapt at the unexpected ____10____, a sign that perhaps the barriers were not as insurmountable (跨越) as he’d thought. 1. A. rushed B. walked C. drove D. turned 2. A. apparently B. obviously C. quickly D. finally 3. A. talk about B. deal with C. carry out D. settle in 4. A. inspired B. reminded C. attacked D. surprised 5. A. locate B. figure C. gather D. deliver 6. A. controlled B. led C. designed D. made 7. A. particular B. unique C. different D. determined 8. A. Luckily B. Actually C. Slowly D. Immediately 9. A. warm B. forced C. crazy D. determined 10. A. congratulation B. invitation C. election D. fortune 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 As a five-year-old girl, Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her mother’s death. At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she ___11___ (choose) to study medicine. “Why should girls learn so much? ___12___ (find) a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. She responded, “I’d rather stay a single ___13___ (study) all my life!” B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum that showed the historical changes in California. In 1848, gold was discovered near San Francisco, ___14___ started a gold rush. Over 300,000 people came from all over the world to seek ___15___ (they) fortune, and San Francisco quickly became a big city. Many Chinese arrived during this period. ___16___ (earn) a living, some opened up shops and restaurants ___17___ Chinatown. Many others found jobs on farms, joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all. High-end products around the world ___18___ (make) to a higher standard now because of advanced technology. For example, space technologies ___19___ (help) the research and development of different types of new material. They have also helped companies make better heart monitors and other machines that doctors regularly use. Today, space technologies are ___20___ (wide) used in all kinds of industries. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A British Science Week is happening in March. “Time” is this year’s theme. The movement of planet Earth explains why we have different seasons over the year and why we need time zones. Microsecond accuracy keeps our computer systems ticking and helps global positioning satellites to provide us with precise location information. In fact, time is very necessary for us and is key to so many STEM discoveries. The week hopes to raise awareness and stimulate enthusiasm for STEM subjects. There will be lots of events across the UK and many different ways for you to experience time. Astronomical Time At The Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London, you can explore the origins of telling the time, and how time-telling instruments have evolved. We’ll also find out what solutions inventors and innovators of the past came up with to measure time, help sailors at sea, and standardize time—ensuring people in and across communities were using the same or similar time. Making Time The Museum of Timekeeping is home to a fascinating collection of clocks, watches, and timepieces. You can have a guided tour of the museum galleries and listen to some of the stories behind the artifacts. You can see the watch worn by Captain Scott on his ill-fated Antarctic expedition of 1912 and get to hear the voice of the first Speaking Clock (a phone number you could call to find out what time it was). Passing of Time Formed over one million years ago, Cheddar Gorge is Britain’s biggest gorge (deep, narrow valley). It is 137 meters deep and three miles long. It was carved by meltwater floods, leaving behind mysterious caves. The most famous is Gough’s Cave, where Britain’s oldest complete skeleton, known as the Cheddar Man, which dates back over 10,000 years and was discovered in 1903. You can focus on how our ancestors lived and understand the past. 21. Where can you explore what methods have been proposed to measure time? A. The Royal Observatory. B. Greenwich Park. C. Museum of Timekeeping. D. Cheddar Gorge. 22. What can you discover at the Museum of Timekeeping? A. Instruments for sea exploration. B. Clocks, watches, and timepieces. C Some music about Antarctic expedition. D. The Cheddar Man’s collection of artifacts. 23. What is the significance of Cheddar Gorge? A. It is the deepest gorge in the world. B. It tells how the caves were destroyed. C. It shows where the meltwater floods came from. D. It provides insight into how our ancestors lived. 24. What is the main purpose of British Science Week? A. To provide tours at the Museum of Timekeeping. B. To explore the history of timekeeping instruments. C. To highlight the geological history of Cheddar Gorge. D. To promote STEM subjects through events related to the theme of “Time.” B It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route through thick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.” I bit back my frustration (懊恼). I knew the coach meant well — he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer — that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The race started. The route seemed long, especially for a child with a brain disease. David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses. He tripped within the first few kilometers but quickly picked himself up and continued. Classmates cheered, “Come on! You can make it! We’re proud of you!” To everyone’s joy, he reached the finish line and ranked 20th. It wasn’t important whether he won first place. It was his brave heart and strong faith that made something unusual happen. 25. Why did the coach ask David to make the decision? A. The coach didn’t want David to get injured. B. The coach thought David was too weak to run. C. The coach feared David would be made fun of. D. The coach believed David should focus on his studies. 26. How did David’s classmates view him at school? A. They felt sorry for him. B. They saw him as a normal kid. C. They often played tricks on him. D. They prevented him from activities. 27. What can we learn from David’s story? A. He won first place with other’s help. B. He was the most modest among all the children. C. His behaviors proved his heart disease was a problem. D. His determination and faith made the achievement special. C Space exploration has produced valuable insights about Earth, the solar system and beyond. However, massive space activity over the past few decades has led to unintended orbital debris (残骸). Every launch of satellites or rockets adds to the problem increasing the risk that negatively influences not only space missions but also future endeavors. Since the 1957 launch of Sputnik-1, human activity in Earth’s orbit has caused significant distortions in space, raising serious concerns about the debris left behind. This ever-increasing threat can be best understood through the Kessler syndrome in space. This phenomenon occurs when objects in low Earth orbit (LEO) become so crowded that they begin to hit each other, creating more debris and more collisions (碰撞), thus resulting in chain reactions of mergers and fissions. Many experts warn that LEO is moving towards Kessler’s syndrome. Accidental collisions in space also increase the orbital overload, such as the 2009 collision between two satellites, Kosmos 2251 and Iridium 33. Such events have worsened the orbital debris problem and raised the prospect of disastrous space conditions. The need for sustainable space activities and the reduction of space debris is being emphasized globally to address the rising space pollution. Therefore, governments have issued many regulatory measures, including active debris removal (ADR) technologies or pollution prevention, which are either planned, tested, or already carried out to protect both existing spacecraft and ones set to be launched. Besides regulatory measures, several mitigating methods are also used to reduce the orbital overload. One such method involves causing a satellite to break down naturally by bringing it closer to Earth’s surface so it burns up in the atmosphere. This method is considered cost-effective because the defunct satellite can be pushed toward the Earth’s surface at a lower altitude using a physical tool like a net or an air-bursting tool. Another similar technology uses a harpoon that is fired in the direction of the targeted spacecraft to capture it and direct it towards Earth in an active manner, causing the debris to deorbit and plan atmospheric incineration. To reduce the long-term risk of collisions, the focus needs to be on reducing the amount of debris in the orbit. International cooperation and continued investment in debris reduction technologies are carried out to reduce the potentially disastrous consequences of an overcrowded orbit. 28 What is the parimary concern regarding orbital debris? A. Its impact on weather patterns. B. Its impact on future space missions. C. Its impact on satellite communication. D. Its impact on natural atmospheric processes. 29. What does the underlined word “mitigating” in Paragraph 6 most probably mean? A. Lessening. B. Worsening. C. Curing. D. Strengthening. 30. What are some regulatory and mitigation measures to address space debris? A. Frequent satellite launches. B. More space tourism for tax. C. Active debris removal technologies. D. More space telescopes for monitoring. 31. What can we learn from this passage? A. There are no existing methods to reduce space debris. B. Reducing space debris calls for joint and further efforts. C. The kessler syndrome is a minor concern for space missions. D. Active debris removal (ADR) technologies are the only solution to space debris. D An international team of fossil (化石) hunters has discovered the remains of a “nursery” of prehistoric sea creatures in China. The fossils date back to around 518 million years ago—a time known as the Cambrian Period, when all life on Earth lived in the oceans. It is very rare to find so many fossils from the Cambrian Period in one place. The scientists, led by Xianfeng Yang from Yunnan University, found 2,846 fossils from 118 different species at the site, near the city of Kunming. They include ancient ancestors of modern-day insects, shellfish and worms, as well as extinct trilobites (三叶虫). Seventeen of the species discovered are new to science, and more than half of the fossils are young animals. This has led researchers to the conclusion that the site was a sort of deep-sea nursery where conditions were well suited for young creatures to grow. When the sea bed was covered by soft mud (泥) these creatures’ remains were perfectly preserved, eventually creating a layer of fossil-rich rock. Alongside hard body parts, like bones and teeth, soft tissue was also preserved, which is especially important when looking back to a period when most animals had soft bodies. Some of the fossils are so well preserved that researchers have been able to spot body parts they’ve never seen before. One benefit of all the young creatures fossils is that scientists will be able to learn how the creatures changed as they aged. “We’ll see how different body parts grew over time,” explained researcher Julien Kimmig, from Penn State University in the US, “which is something we currently do not know about for most of these groups.” What’s more, Kimmig and his colleagues will be able to compare the creatures with living things today. “We will see if how these animals develop today is similar to how they developed 500 million years ago, or if something has changed throughout time.” 32. What can we learn about the fossils found? A. Half of them are extinct sea creatures. B. They are spread out over different sites. C. Some of them are previously unknown species. D. They belong to rare animals living in the oceans. 33. What kept the creatures’ remains from being damaged? A They were protected in rocks. B. They were buried in the deep sea. C. The seafloor was coated with mud. D. The sea bed was in good condition. 34. What do scientists want to learn from the fossils? A The creatures’ age. B. Changes in the creatures’ growth. C. Similarities between these species groups. D. The creatures’ impact on living things today. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Culture shock is the feeling of uncertainty, confusion, or anxiety that people may get when they live in or visit another country that differs from their own. ______35______ It can undoubtedly affect people’s lives. The following are some ways to deal with culture shock. Have a good understanding of culture and culture shock. There are many factors that make up a culture, including shared beliefs, traditions and morals.______36______ It’s because they are surrounded by people with the same beliefs and values, and cultural differences are only clear when you meet someone else’s culture. Keep a journal(日记) of your thoughts._____37_____And you are feeling a bit overwhelmed (不知所措的) with the culture there. Rather than giving in to your anxiety, write it out. Write down how you felt at the moment and what troubled you or made you happy that day. You can also put something down if you’re missing anyone from your hometown. ______38______Don’t allow yourself to become a recluse (隐居者) during this experience. You can share your feelings and experiences with your relatives and friends. If you are studying abroad and have other classmates who have similar feelings, connect with them as well as with those who are adjusting a bit more easily. Do some things you usually like. Don’t allow the culture shock to occupy your mind. And try to do something interesting to replace a range of negative emotions, including anxiety, sadness, anger, homesickness, and sometimes even depression._____39_____Or practice your hobbies like reading and dancing. A. Share your culture. B. Talk to others about your experiences. C. Try to step outside of your own culture. D. Sometimes such a feeling can be very strong. E. You can watch movies or listen to music that you enjoy. F. Many people don’t realize how culture influences them. G. Perhaps you have recently moved to a new city or country. 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共6小题;每小题2分，共12分) 根据中文和给出的英文提示词语，完成下列英文句子。将答案写在答题卡指定区域内。 40. 唐人街是多元文化的一个重要组成部分。(Chinatowns, diverse culture)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. 在那时候，来自中国的移民定居在这个地区。（immigrants, settle）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. 作为医生，我们必须对患者负责。(responsible, patients)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. 工作了几年之后，林医生被派往欧洲学习。(send, Europe)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 44. 太空探索给世界带来了种种好处。(explore space, benefits)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 45. 在此之前，大部分人认为在太空旅行是一个无法实现的梦。(travelling into space, impossible dream)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 46. 假设你是红星中学李华，你的英国朋友Jim暑期想要来中国旅游，了解中国少数民族文化。请你给他写一封电子邮件，帮他推荐一座城市，内容包括： 1．你的建议及理由； 2．你的祝愿。 注意：1．词数100左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 通州区2023—2024学年第二学期高一年级期末质量检测 英语试卷 2024年7月 本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Reagan, a book lover, looked up from his reading as the bell rang over the entrance to the bookstore. Puzzled, he watched for a minute as Darya ___1___ toward the counter (柜台) as if to ask a question. It didn’t make sense that Darya, one of the school’s top athletes, was in a bookstore. Not wanting to be noticed, Reagan ___2___ found another volume to read. He wouldn’t know what to say if she tried to start a conversation because he thought they two were too different to have anything to ___3___. “Hey, Reagan.” Her greeting ___4___ him, and his breath caught in his throat as it became apparent he hadn’t escaped after all. “Maybe you can help me.” He doubted it, but he managed to choke out a reply. “Me?” “I’m trying to ___5___ a book on soccer skills. I won’t be able to go to camp over spring break, and I need to improve my game before the next season begins.” Reagan swallowed, then motioned randomly with his hands before he found his voice. “Sure. Over here.” He thought it would save confusion if he just ___6___ the way rather than try to point her in the right direction. As she followed him through the shelves, he dared to imagine they might not be so ___7___ after all. He felt a brief flash of hope, the sun shining suddenly where all had been gray. ___8___, one of Darya’s teammates appeared as if out of nowhere, urging her to finish any purchases, or they would be late for practice. Sighing, Reagan realized nothing had really changed; the differences would never let them break down those barriers, even if they so chose. Instead, she turned to Reagan with a ___9___ smile, “Thanks for your help, and hey, maybe we could play soccer sometime?” Surprised but pleased, Reagan’s heart leapt at the unexpected ____10____, a sign that perhaps the barriers were not as insurmountable (跨越) as he’d thought. 1. A. rushed B. walked C. drove D. turned 2. A. apparently B. obviously C. quickly D. finally 3. A. talk about B. deal with C. carry out D. settle in 4. A. inspired B. reminded C. attacked D. surprised 5. A. locate B. figure C. gather D. deliver 6. A. controlled B. led C. designed D. made 7. A. particular B. unique C. different D. determined 8. A. Luckily B. Actually C. Slowly D. Immediately 9. A. warm B. forced C. crazy D. determined 10. A. congratulation B. invitation C. election D. fortune 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Reagan在书店遇到学校顶尖运动员Darya，并帮助她找到一本关于足球技巧的书的故事。在这个过程中，Reagan意识到他们之间的差异并不是不可逾越的，Darya的邀请让他感到惊喜，也让他看到了打破壁垒的希望。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他困惑地看着Darya走向柜台，Darya好像要问一个问题。A. rushed匆忙；B. walked走；C. drove驾驶；D. turned转身。根据下文“toward the counter”可知，Darya走向柜台，表示她在书店里走动，故选B。 【2题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Reagan不想被注意到，迅速找到了另一本书来读。A. apparently显然地；B. obviously明显地；C. quickly迅速地；D. finally最后。根据上文“Not wanting to be noticed”可知，Reagan不想被注意到，所以他迅速找到了另一本书来读，故选C。 【3题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他不会知道该说什么，如果她试图开始一个对话，因为他认为他们两个太不同，没有什么可谈的。A. talk about谈论；B. deal with处理；C. carry out执行；D. settle in适应（新工作、新学校等）。根据上文“he thought they two were too different to have anything to”可知，Reagan认为他和Darya太不同，没有什么可谈论的，故选A。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的问候让他感到惊讶，当他意识到自己终究没能逃脱时，他的呼吸卡在喉咙里。A. inspired激励；B. reminded提醒；C. attacked攻击；D. surprised使惊讶。根据下文“as it became apparent he hadn’t escaped after all”可知，Darya的问候让Reagan感到惊讶，因为他原以为自己逃脱了，没想到会被注意到，故选D。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正在找一本关于足球技巧的书。A. locate定位、找出……的准确地点；B. figure计算；C. gather收集；D. deliver递送。根据下文“a book on soccer skills”可知，Darya在找一本关于足球技巧的书，所以需要找到这本书，故选A。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他认为如果他自己带路，而不是试图指引她正确的方向，这样可以避免混淆。A. controlled控制；B. led带领；C. designed设计；D. made制造。根据下文“rather than try to point her in the right direction”可知，Reagan决定亲自带路，而不是仅仅指引方向，故选B。 【7题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她跟着他穿过书架时，他敢想象他们可能并没有那么不同。A. particular特别的；B. unique独特的；C. different不同的；D. determined坚定的。根据上文“because he thought they two were too different”“he dared to imagine they might not be so”以及下文“He felt a brief flash of hope”可知，Reagan开始意识到他和Darya可能并没有那么不同，故选C。 【8题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：立刻，Darya的一个队友不知从哪里冒出来，催促她赶快结账，否则他们会迟到练习。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Actually实际上；C. Slowly慢慢地；D. Immediately立刻。根据下文“one of Darya’s teammates appeared as if out of nowhere”可知，Darya的队友突然出现，催促她赶快结账，所以是立刻出现的，故选D。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，她转过身来，带着友好的微笑对Reagan说：“谢谢你的帮助，嘿，也许我们可以找个时间踢足球？”A. warm友好的、温暖的；B. forced勉强的；C. crazy疯狂的；D. determined坚定的。根据下文“Thanks for your help, and hey, maybe we could play soccer sometime?”可知，Darya带着友好的微笑感谢Reagan，并提出一起踢足球的邀请，故选A。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Reagan感到惊讶但高兴，他的心因为意外的邀请而跳动，这是一个迹象，表明那些壁垒可能并不像他想象的那么不可逾越。A. congratulation祝贺；B. invitation邀请；C. election选举；D. fortune财富。根据上文“Thanks for your help, and hey, maybe we could play soccer sometime?”可知，此处说的是Darya的邀请，故选B。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 As a five-year-old girl Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her mother’s death. At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she ___11___ (choose) to study medicine. “Why should girls learn so much? ___12___ (find) a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. She responded, “I’d rather stay a single ___13___ (study) all my life!” 【答案】11. chose 12. Finding 13. to study 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章简要讲述了著名医生林巧稚受到母亲的影响，没有选择走传统的婚姻道路，而是不顾哥哥的反对，选择了学医的故事。 【11题详解】 考查时态。句意：18岁时，她没有像大多数女孩一样走传统的婚姻道路，而是选择了学医。根据“At age 18”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填chose。 【12题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：“为什么女孩要学这么多？”找到一个好丈夫应该是她们的最终目标!。动名词做主语，首字母大写。故填Finding。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：我宁愿一辈子单身也要学习！。不定式作目的状语。故填to study。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum that showed the historical changes in California. In 1848, gold was discovered near San Francisco, ___14___ started a gold rush. Over 300,000 people came from all over the world to seek ___15___ (they) fortune, and San Francisco quickly became a big city. Many Chinese arrived during this period. ___16___ (earn) a living, some opened up shops and restaurants ___17___ Chinatown. Many others found jobs on farms, joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway. 【答案】14. which 15. their 16. To earn 17. in 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去了当地的博物馆，了解了加利福尼亚州的历史变迁。 【14题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：1848年，在旧金山附近发现了黄金，开始了淘金热。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是整个主句指物，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词which来引导。故填which。 【15题详解】 考查物主代词。句意：超过30万人从世界各地来到这里寻求财富，旧金山迅速成为一个大城市。根据空格后的名词fortune可知，修饰名词应该用形容词性物主代词，所以空格处应该用提示词的形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。 【16题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：为了谋生，一些人在唐人街开了商店和餐馆。分析句意可知，此处应该用提示词的动词不定式形式作目的状语表示“为了谋生”。故填To earn。 【17题详解】 考查介词。句意：同上。根据空格后的Chinatown可知，此处用介词in表示“在”唐人街。故填in。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all. High-end products around the world ___18___ (make) to a higher standard now because of advanced technology. For example, space technologies ___19___ (help) the research and development of different types of new material. They have also helped companies make better heart monitors and other machines that doctors regularly use. Today, space technologies are ___20___ (wide) used in all kinds of industries. 【答案】18. are made 19. have helped 20. widely 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了太空探索对技术进步的推动作用，以及这些技术在各个行业的广泛应用。 【18题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：由于先进的技术，世界各地的高端产品现在都以更高的标准制造。根据句意，高端产品是被制造出来的，所以应该使用被动语态。同时，根据上下文的时间状语“now”可知，此处应该使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词应用are。故填are made。 【19题详解】 考查时态。句意：例如，太空技术已经帮助研究和开发了不同类型的新材料。根据下文“They have also helped companies make better heart monitors and other machines that doctors regularly use(他们也帮助公司制造了更好的心脏监测器和其他医生经常使用的机器)”可知，太空技术对新材料的研究和开发起到了帮助作用，且这种帮助作用是从过去开始，一直延续到现在的，所以应该使用现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词应用have。故填have helped。 【20题详解】 考查副词。句意：今天，太空技术广泛应用于各种行业。根据句意，此处需要一个副词作状语来修饰动词used，表示“广泛地”。故填widely。 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A British Science Week is happening in March. “Time” is this year’s theme. The movement of planet Earth explains why we have different seasons over the year and why we need time zones. Microsecond accuracy keeps our computer systems ticking and helps global positioning satellites to provide us with precise location information. In fact, time is very necessary for us and is key to so many STEM discoveries. The week hopes to raise awareness and stimulate enthusiasm for STEM subjects. There will be lots of events across the UK and many different ways for you to experience time. Astronomical Time At The Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London, you can explore the origins of telling the time, and how time-telling instruments have evolved. We’ll also find out what solutions inventors and innovators of the past came up with to measure time, help sailors at sea, and standardize time—ensuring people in and across communities were using the same or similar time. Making Time The Museum of Timekeeping is home to a fascinating collection of clocks, watches, and timepieces. You can have a guided tour of the museum galleries and listen to some of the stories behind the artifacts. You can see the watch worn by Captain Scott on his ill-fated Antarctic expedition of 1912 and get to hear the voice of the first Speaking Clock (a phone number you could call to find out what time it was). Passing of Time Formed over one million years ago, Cheddar Gorge is Britain’s biggest gorge (deep, narrow valley). It is 137 meters deep and three miles long. It was carved by meltwater floods, leaving behind mysterious caves. The most famous is Gough’s Cave, where Britain’s oldest complete skeleton, known as the Cheddar Man, which dates back over 10,000 years and was discovered in 1903. You can focus on how our ancestors lived and understand the past. 21. Where can you explore what methods have been proposed to measure time? A. The Royal Observatory. B. Greenwich Park. C. Museum of Timekeeping. D. Cheddar Gorge. 22. What can you discover at the Museum of Timekeeping? A. Instruments for sea exploration. B. Clocks, watches, and timepieces. C. Some music about Antarctic expedition. D. The Cheddar Man’s collection of artifacts. 23. What is the significance of Cheddar Gorge? A. It is the deepest gorge in the world. B. It tells how the caves were destroyed. C. It shows where the meltwater floods came from. D. It provides insight into how our ancestors lived. 24. What is the main purpose of British Science Week? A. To provide tours at the Museum of Timekeeping. B. To explore the history of timekeeping instruments. C. To highlight the geological history of Cheddar Gorge. D. To promote STEM subjects through events related to the theme of “Time.” 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国科学周的主题为“时间”，并介绍了一些相关的活动和地点，以及这些地点的特色和意义。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“At The Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London, you can explore the origins of telling the time, and how time-telling instruments have evolved.”（在伦敦的格林威治皇家天文台，你可以探索计时的起源，以及计时工具是如何发展的。）可知，你可以在皇家天文台探索如何测量时间的方法，故选A。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The Museum of Timekeeping is home to a fascinating collection of clocks, watches, and timepieces.”（时间博物馆收藏了许多引人入胜的钟表和计时器。）可知，你可以在时间博物馆发现钟表和计时器，故选B。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“You can focus on how our ancestors lived and understand the past.”（你可以关注我们的祖先是如何生活的，理解过去。）可知，切达峡谷能让我们了解我们祖先的生活方式，故选D。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The week hopes to raise awareness and stimulate enthusiasm for STEM subjects.”（这个星期希望提高人们对STEM科目的认识，激发他们对STEM科目的热情。）可知，英国科学周的主要目的是通过与“时间”主题相关的活动来推广STEM科目，故选D。 B It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route through thick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.” I bit back my frustration (懊恼). I knew the coach meant well — he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer — that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The race started. The route seemed long, especially for a child with a brain disease. David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses. He tripped within the first few kilometers but quickly picked himself up and continued. Classmates cheered, “Come on! You can make it! We’re proud of you!” To everyone’s joy, he reached the finish line and ranked 20th. It wasn’t important whether he won first place. It was his brave heart and strong faith that made something unusual happen. 25. Why did the coach ask David to make the decision? A. The coach didn’t want David to get injured. B. The coach thought David was too weak to run. C. The coach feared David would be made fun of. D. The coach believed David should focus on his studies. 26. How did David’s classmates view him at school? A. They felt sorry for him. B. They saw him as a normal kid. C. They often played tricks on him. D. They prevented him from activities. 27. What can we learn from David’s story? A He won first place with other’s help. B. He was the most modest among all the children. C. His behaviors proved his heart disease was a problem. D. His determination and faith made the achievement special. 【答案】25. C 26. B 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了患有脑疾的大卫参加越野跑比赛的故事。尽管大卫的身体状况不佳，但他的决心和信念使他完成了比赛，赢得了同学们的尊重和赞扬。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段““I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.”(他不舒服地解释说：“我担心其他学校的孩子会嘲笑他。我给了他选择是否跑步的机会，让他自己决定)”可知，教练让大卫自己做决定是因为他担心大卫会受到其他孩子的嘲笑，故选C。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid.(大卫患有脑疾，这使他无法像其他孩子一样走路或跑步，但在学校，他的同学们把他当作一个普通的孩子)”可知，大卫的同学们在学校把他看作一个正常的孩子，故选B。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It wasn’t important whether he won first place. It was his brave heart and strong faith that made something unusual happen.(他是否赢得第一名并不重要。是他勇敢的心和坚定的信念让一些不寻常的事情发生了)”可知，大卫的决心和信念使他的成就变得特别，故选D。 C Space exploration has produced valuable insights about Earth, the solar system and beyond. However, massive space activity over the past few decades has led to unintended orbital debris (残骸). Every launch of satellites or rockets adds to the problem, increasing the risk that negatively influences not only space missions but also future endeavors. Since the 1957 launch of Sputnik-1, human activity in Earth’s orbit has caused significant distortions in space, raising serious concerns about the debris left behind. This ever-increasing threat can be best understood through the Kessler syndrome in space. This phenomenon occurs when objects in low Earth orbit (LEO) become so crowded that they begin to hit each other, creating more debris and more collisions (碰撞), thus resulting in chain reactions of mergers and fissions. Many experts warn that LEO is moving towards Kessler’s syndrome. Accidental collisions in space also increase the orbital overload, such as the 2009 collision between two satellites, Kosmos 2251 and Iridium 33. Such events have worsened the orbital debris problem and raised the prospect of disastrous space conditions. The need for sustainable space activities and the reduction of space debris is being emphasized globally to address the rising space pollution. Therefore, governments have issued many regulatory measures, including active debris removal (ADR) technologies or pollution prevention, which are either planned, tested, or already carried out to protect both existing spacecraft and ones set to be launched. Besides regulatory measures, several mitigating methods are also used to reduce the orbital overload. One such method involves causing a satellite to break down naturally by bringing it closer to Earth’s surface so it burns up in the atmosphere. This method is considered cost-effective because the defunct satellite can be pushed toward the Earth’s surface at a lower altitude using a physical tool like a net or an air-bursting tool. Another similar technology uses a harpoon that is fired in the direction of the targeted spacecraft to capture it and direct it towards Earth in an active manner, causing the debris to deorbit and plan atmospheric incineration. To reduce the long-term risk of collisions, the focus needs to be on reducing the amount of debris in the orbit. International cooperation and continued investment in debris reduction technologies are carried out to reduce the potentially disastrous consequences of an overcrowded orbit. 28. What is the parimary concern regarding orbital debris? A. Its impact on weather patterns. B. Its impact on future space missions. C. Its impact on satellite communication. D. Its impact on natural atmospheric processes. 29. What does the underlined word “mitigating” in Paragraph 6 most probably mean? A. Lessening. B. Worsening. C. Curing. D. Strengthening. 30. What are some regulatory and mitigation measures to address space debris? A. Frequent satellite launches. B. More space tourism for tax. C. Active debris removal technologies. D. More space telescopes for monitoring. 31. What can we learn from this passage? A. There are no existing methods to reduce space debris. B. Reducing space debris calls for joint and further efforts. C. The kessler syndrome is a minor concern for space missions. D. Active debris removal (ADR) technologies are the only solution to space debris. 【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了太空活动产生的轨道碎片问题，以及如何通过各种方法和技术来减少和处理这些碎片。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Every launch of satellites or rockets adds to the problem, increasing the risk that negatively influences not only space missions but also future endeavors.”（每次卫星或火箭的发射都会加剧这个问题，增加的风险不仅影响太空任务，也影响未来的努力。）可推知轨道碎片的主要问题是对未来太空任务的影响。故选B。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第六段“One such method involves causing a satellite to break down naturally by bringing it closer to Earth’s surface so it burns up in the atmosphere.”（其中一种方法是通过使卫星更接近地球表面，使其在大气中燃烧，从而使卫星自然解体。）“Another similar technology uses a harpoon that is fired in the direction of the targeted spacecraft to capture it and direct it towards Earth in an active manner, causing the debris to deorbit and plan atmospheric incineration.”（另一种类似技术是使用一个鱼叉向目标航天器的方向发射，以捕获它，并以主动的方式将其引导到地球上，使碎片脱离轨道，并计划在大气中焚烧。）可知，除了监管措施外，还使用了几种减轻的方法来减少轨道过载。“mitigating”在这里的意思是减轻。故选A。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Therefore, governments have issued many regulatory measures, including active debris removal (ADR) technologies or pollution prevention, which are either planned, tested, or already carried out to protect both existing spacecraft and ones set to be launched.”（因此，各国政府已经出台了许多监管措施，包括主动清除碎片（ADR）技术或污染预防，这些措施已经被计划、测试或已经实施，以保护现有的航天器和即将发射的航天器。）可推知，处理太空碎片的措施包括主动清除碎片技术。故选C。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“To reduce the long-term risk of collisions, the focus needs to be on reducing the amount of debris in the orbit. International cooperation and continued investment in debris reduction technologies are carried out to reduce the potentially disastrous consequences of an overcrowded orbit.”（为了减少长期碰撞的风险，需要关注减少轨道上的碎片数量。进行国际合作并持续投资于减少碎片的技术，以减少轨道过度拥挤可能带来的灾难性后果。）可推知，减少太空碎片需要共同和进一步的努力。故选B。 D An international team of fossil (化石) hunters has discovered the remains of a “nursery” of prehistoric sea creatures in China. The fossils date back to around 518 million years ago—a time known as the Cambrian Period, when all life on Earth lived in the oceans. It is very rare to find so many fossils from the Cambrian Period in one place. The scientists, led by Xianfeng Yang from Yunnan University, found 2,846 fossils from 118 different species at the site, near the city of Kunming. They include ancient ancestors of modern-day insects, shellfish and worms, as well as extinct trilobites (三叶虫). Seventeen of the species discovered are new to science, and more than half of the fossils are young animals. This has led researchers to the conclusion that the site was a sort of deep-sea nursery where conditions were well suited for young creatures to grow. When the sea bed was covered by soft mud (泥) these creatures’ remains were perfectly preserved, eventually creating a layer of fossil-rich rock. Alongside hard body parts, like bones and teeth, soft tissue was also preserved, which is especially important when looking back to a period when most animals had soft bodies. Some of the fossils are so well preserved that researchers have been able to spot body parts they’ve never seen before. One benefit of all the young creatures fossils is that scientists will be able to learn how the creatures changed as they aged. “We’ll see how different body parts grew over time,” explained researcher Julien Kimmig, from Penn State University in the US, “which is something we currently do not know about for most of these groups.” What’s more, Kimmig and his colleagues will be able to compare the creatures with living things today. “We will see if how these animals develop today is similar to how they developed 500 million years ago, or if something has changed throughout time.” 32. What can we learn about the fossils found? A. Half of them are extinct sea creatures. B. They are spread out over different sites. C. Some of them are previously unknown species. D. They belong to rare animals living in the oceans. 33. What kept the creatures’ remains from being damaged? A. They were protected in rocks. B. They were buried in the deep sea. C. The seafloor was coated with mud. D. The sea bed was in good condition. 34. What do scientists want to learn from the fossils? A. The creatures’ age. B. Changes in the creatures’ growth. C. Similarities between these species groups. D. The creatures’ impact on living things today. 【答案】32. C 33. D 34. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一个国际化石猎人小组在中国发现了一个史前海洋生物“托儿所”的遗迹。这些化石可以追溯到大约5.18亿年前——一个被称为寒武纪的时期，当时地球上所有的生命都生活在海洋中。在一个地方发现这么多寒武纪的化石是非常罕见的。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Seventeen of the species discovered are new to science, and more than half of the fossils are young animals.(发现的物种中有17个是科学上的新物种，超过一半的化石是年轻的动物)”可知，发现的化石中一些是以前不为人知的物种。故选C。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“When the sea bed was covered by soft mud (泥) these creatures’ remains were perfectly preserved, eventually creating a layer of fossil-rich rock.(当海床被软泥覆盖时，这些生物的遗骸被完好地保存了下来，最终形成了一层富含化石的岩石)”可知，海床状况良好让这些生物的遗骸不被破坏。故选D。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“One benefit of all the young creatures fossils is that scientists will be able to learn how the creatures changed as they aged.(所有这些年轻生物化石的一个好处是，科学家将能够了解这些生物随着年龄的增长是如何变化的)”可知，科学家们想从这些化石中了解生物生长的变化。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Culture shock is the feeling of uncertainty confusion, or anxiety that people may get when they live in or visit another country that differs from their own. ______35______ It can undoubtedly affect people’s lives. The following are some ways to deal with culture shock. Have a good understanding of culture and culture shock. There are many factors that make up a culture, including shared beliefs, traditions and morals.______36______ It’s because they are surrounded by people with the same beliefs and values, and cultural differences are only clear when you meet someone else’s culture. Keep a journal(日记) of your thoughts._____37_____And you are feeling a bit overwhelmed (不知所措的) with the culture there. Rather than giving in to your anxiety, write it out. Write down how you felt at the moment and what troubled you or made you happy that day. You can also put something down if you’re missing anyone from your hometown. ______38______Don’t allow yourself to become a recluse (隐居者) during this experience. You can share your feelings and experiences with your relatives and friends. If you are studying abroad and have other classmates who have similar feelings, connect with them as well as with those who are adjusting a bit more easily. Do some things you usually like. Don’t allow the culture shock to occupy your mind. And try to do something interesting to replace a range of negative emotions, including anxiety, sadness, anger, homesickness, and sometimes even depression._____39_____Or practice your hobbies like reading and dancing. A. Share your culture. B. Talk to others about your experiences. C. Try to step outside of your own culture. D. Sometimes such a feeling can be very strong. E. You can watch movies or listen to music that you enjoy. F. Many people don’t realize how culture influences them. G. Perhaps you have recently moved to a new city or country. 【答案】35. D 36. F 37. G 38. B 39. E 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了四种应对文化冲击带来的影响的方法，帮助人们克服或者缓解文化冲击带来的不适和感受。 【35题详解】 根据前句“Culture shock is the feeling of uncertainty,confusion,or anxiety”（文化冲击是一种不确定、困惑或焦虑的感觉。）前文提出来文化冲击这个概念，这个空应该也是关于文化冲击带来的感觉，D项“Sometimes such a feeling can be very strong.”其中a feeling与前文feeling相呼应。故选D项。 【36题详解】 根据后句“It's because they are surrounded by people with the same beliefs and values，and cultural differences are only clear when you meet someone else’s culture.”（这是因为他们周围的人都有相同的信仰和价值观，只有当你遇到别人的文化时，文化差异才会明显。）可知，F项“Many people don’t realize how culture influences them.”其中culture与后句中cultural differences形成呼应结构，符合本段语境。故选F项。 【37题详解】 根据下文“You can also put something down if you're missing anyone from your hometown”（意思是如果你想念家乡的人，你也可以写下一些东西。）可知，这段话是在介绍远离故乡在外的时候的情况。G项“Perhaps you have recently moved to a new city or country.”其中moved to a new city or country与后句中missing anyone from your hometown相呼应，表示关于远离故乡，离开故乡的事情。故选G项。 【38题详解】 根据下文“You can share your feelings and experiences with your relatives and friends”（你可以和你的亲戚朋友分享你的感受和经历。）可知，B项“Talk to others about your experiences.”中experiences与后文中feelings and experiences形成呼应结构，符合本段语境，因此这个空作为这段话的主题句，说和别人谈论你的经历。故选B项。 【39题详解】 根据上文“Do some things you usually like”（做一些你平时喜欢做的事情。）可知E项“You can watch movies or listen to music that you enjoy.”其中you enjoy与前文you usually like相呼应，表示听一些你喜欢听的音乐或者看你喜欢看的电影。故选E项。 【点睛】 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共6小题;每小题2分，共12分) 根据中文和给出的英文提示词语，完成下列英文句子。将答案写在答题卡指定区域内。 40. 唐人街是多元文化的一个重要组成部分。(Chinatowns, diverse culture)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Chinatowns are an important part of diverse culture. 【解析】 【详解】考查句子结构和时态。根据汉语提示可知，本句在陈述事实，为一般现在时，句子为主系表结构。唐人街为Chinatowns，是为are，多元文化的一个重要组成部分为an important part of diverse culture。故翻译为：Chinatowns are an important part of diverse culture. 41. 在那时候，来自中国的移民定居在这个地区。（immigrants, settle）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In those days, the immigrants from China settled in the area. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和名词。表示“移民”应用名词immigrant，此处表复数概念，用复数形式；表示“定居”应用动词settle；表示“在这个地区”介词短语为in the area作地点状语；表示“在那时候”应用介词短语in those days作时间状语；表示“来自中国”应用介词短语from China作后置定语。根据时间状语“在那时候”可知，动词应使用一般过去时settled。故翻译为：In those days, the immigrants from China settled in the area。 42. 作为医生，我们必须对患者负责。(responsible, patients)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】As doctors, we must be responsible for our patients. 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词、情态动词、固定短语。“作为医生”可表述为“As doctors”；“必须”用情态动词must，后跟动词原形；“对……负责”短语为“be responsible for”；“患者”是“patients”。整体翻译为：As doctors, we must be responsible for our patients. 43. 工作了几年之后，林医生被派往欧洲学习(send, Europe)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】After working for several years, Dr. Lin was sent to Europe to study. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和时态。“工作了几年之后”可翻译为“After working for several years”，其中After是介词，其后接动名词作宾语；“被派往欧洲”可翻译为“be sent to Europe”，句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语是 Dr. Lin，be 动词用 was；“学习”用动词study，“被派往欧洲学习”翻译为was sent to Europe to study。整体翻译为“After working for several years, Dr. Lin was sent to Europe to study.” 44. 太空探索给世界带来了种种好处。(explore space, benefits)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Exploring space has brought various benefits to the world. 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查动词短语、名词、时态。表示“太空探索”应用动词短语explore space；表示“种种好处”应用名词短语various benefits；表示“给世界带来”应用动词短语bring to the world，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时。因此，整句话翻译为Exploring space has brought various benefits to the world。 【点睛】 45. 在此之前，大部分人认为在太空旅行是一个无法实现的梦。(travelling into space, impossible dream)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Before that, most people thought that travelling into space was an impossible dream. 【解析】 【详解】考查从句、时态和非谓语。根据汉语提示可知，本句在陈述过去的事情，为一般过去时。“在此之前”为介词短语“Before that”，“大部分人认为”为“most people thought that”，其中that引导宾语从句，“在太空旅行是一个无法实现的梦”为“travelling into space was an impossible dream.”，动名词作主语。故翻译为：Before that, most people thought that travelling into space was an impossible dream. 第二节(20分) 46. 假设你是红星中学李华，你的英国朋友Jim暑期想要来中国旅游，了解中国少数民族文化。请你给他写一封电子邮件，帮他推荐一座城市，内容包括： 1．你的建议及理由； 2．你的祝愿。 注意：1．词数100左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m thrilled to hear about your upcoming visit to China and your interest in exploring our rich ethnic diversity. I’d highly recommend you to visit Guilin, a city not only famous for its breathtaking landscapes but also for its vibrant Miao and Zhuang cultures. The Longji Rice Terraces offer a stunning view while giving insights into the agricultural practices of these communities. Additionally, attending a local festival, such as the Miao New Year, will immerse you in traditional music, dance, and cuisine. Wishing you an unforgettable journey filled with discovery and joy. May this trip enrich your understanding of Chinese culture and leave you with cherished memories. Looking forward to hearing all about your adventures when you return. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Jim写一封电子邮件，推荐一座能体现少数民族文化的城市。 【详解】 1.词汇积累 多样性：diversity→variety 建议：recommend→ advise 生气勃勃的：vibrant→lively 令人震惊的：stunning→ shocking 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’d highly recommend you to visit Guilin, a city not only famous for its breathtaking landscapes but also for its vibrant Miao and Zhuang cultures. 拓展句：I’d highly recommend you to visit Guilin, which is not only famous for its breathtaking landscapes but also for its vibrant Miao and Zhuang cultures. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The Longji Rice Terraces offer a stunning view while giving insights into the agricultural practices of these communities. （运用了状语从句的省略结构） 【高分句型2】Additionally, attending a local festival, such as the Miao New Year, will immerse you in traditional music, dance, and cuisine.（运用了动名词作主语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$