精品解析：广东省揭阳市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末教学质量测试英语试题

揭阳市2023—2024学年度高中一年级教学质量测试 英语 本试题共10页，考试时间120分钟，满分120分 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生先将自己的信息填写清楚、准确，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码粘贴处。 2.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。 3.答题时请按要求用笔，保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不得使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。考试结束后，请将本试题及答题卡交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Many inventors have left their marks on history in their own ways. Although there are inventors who you might not know, that doesn’t mean their contributions to science are less significant. Keep reading to learn about some famous inventors. John Deere John Deere is best known for being an inventor in the agricultural space. When the blacksmith noticed he was often making the same repairs to wood and cast-iron plows used by farmers, he began experimenting with more durable plow designs, which he then sold to local farmers. His steel plows exploded in popularity among many farmers, with Deere’s company (also called John Deere) producing 1,600 plows in 1850. That same year, the company started producing other tools in addition to plows. Charles Babbage If you’re reading this on a computer, you have mathematician and inventor Charles Babbage to thank. Although he didn’t invent the computer as we know it today, his ideas laid the groundwork for modern computers. Because of this, he’s often referred to as “the father of computing”. Steve Jobs Along with Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs was an inventor behind Apple Computers. As the now-famous story goes, Jobs and Wozniak started Apple Computers in Jobs’ family’s garage in 1976, and the work they did there made computers more accessible and more affordable for consumers. Jobs left Apple in 1985, but he returned in 1997 and revitalized the company, leading to the creation of products like the iPod and iPhone. Joy Mangano If you’ve ever used a Miracle Mop, you have Joy Mangano to thank. The 67-year-old created the innovative cleaning tool in 1990, which she marketed and sold herself. A couple of years after inventing the device, she appeared on QVC to sell it, where more than 18,000 mops were sold within a half hour. In addition to the Miracle Mop, Mangano is the creator of Rolykit, Huggable Hangers, and Forever Fragrant. 1. What inspired John Deere to invent steel plows? A. His eagerness to earn money. B. His dream of becoming an inventor. C. The frequent repairs that he had to make. D. The high price of the wood and cast-iron plows. 2. Why do people refer to Charles Babbage as “the father of computing”? A. He invented the computer. B. He formed the basis for modern computers. C. He was a great mathematician and inventor. D. He was the person who first had the idea of reading on a computer. 3. Who made it easier for busy parents to keep the house clean? A. John Deere. B. Charles Babbage. C. Steve Jobs. D. Joy Mangano. B For Jithin Nedumala, who founded Make a Difference (MAD), one of the largest youth-volunteer networks in India for orphans when he was just 20 years old, volunteering with children was a coincidence (巧合). After losing a close friend at the age of 19, he began volunteering at an orphanage to “escape his own pain”. There, focusing on someone else’s struggles helped him find deeper happiness. “I was able to focus on something larger than myself for the first time,” he says. “MAD was born because I was kind of mad at societies. Instead of providing the best care and support children needed to break free of the cycle of poverty, they were just keeping them alive till 18 and then washing their hands of them. Those kids were totally on their own afterward,” says Nedumala. Today, MAD has built a model that can truly help children escape poverty. For the youngest age group, aged 10-13, MAD’s Foundation Skills program lays the groundwork for their future. As children progress into the 14 -16 age range, the Education Support &Dream Camps offer individualized attention and high-quality support. Transition Readiness, designed for young adults aged 16 -18, equips them to make a successful transition into a broader society as they leave shelter homes. The first generation of orphans that Nedumala taught are all adults now; most of them are married and earn $240 to $250 a month on average. MAD has also provided them with interest-free money to build their first home. For many of MAD’s volunteers, there is a special joy that comes from a decade-long relationship with a child.“I have made a difference to 10 children I have personally worked with. They are family to me and that relationship continuously makes me happy,” says Nedumala. 4. Why did Nedumala volunteer at an orphanage? A. To get over his own pain. B. To remember his best friend. C. To call up memories of his childhood. D. To end his long-term struggles with poverty. 5. What does the underlined part “washing their hands of them” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Educating them patiently. B. Being no longer responsible for them. C. Helping them to make a living. D. Feeling disappointed in them. 6. What can we learn about MAD from the third paragraph? A. It can help orphans to earn big money. B. It pays attention to the orphans’ rights. C. It designs particular tasks for particular age groups. D. It tailors programs to prepare orphans for the future. 7. What is the purpose of the text? A. To share Jithin Nedumala’s job. B. To show the life of disadvantaged children in India. C. To tell us something about Make a Difference. D. To call on people to care for orphans in India. C Every year millions of electronics and electrical appliances (家用电器) are thrown away. This e-waste includes cellphones, computers, appliances and medical equipment. If not properly dealt with, e-waste can release (释放) up to 100 different chemicals into the environment. However, less than one quarter of the waste is reused. Most people will consider buying new electronics and electrical appliances if the old ones are out of order. About 80 percent of broken electronics are repairable. If anything isn’t done to encourage repairs, e-waste will grow to about 74 million tons by 2030. Now a new concept is hoping to change the facts on the ground by creating “fixing factories”. Two of the factories opened in Camden and Brent in the spring of 2023. The factories were inspired by the nonprofit Restart Project, which began holding repair parties about ten years ago. People were invited to have their electronics repaired over a cup of beer. “Camden is where we ran our first party almost 10 years ago, and we’ve enjoyed bringing our events to pubs, community centers, festivals, universities and other places,” said Fiona Dear, the charity’s co-director. “We hope the local fixing factory will provide an opportunity for people to take their out-of -order electronics or electrical appliances to us for repairs.” But the factories may not be enough, according to Dermot, project manager for the Camden branch, who has been repairing things in his whole life. “There need to be huge changes in the way our things are made,” he said. Changes in the industry to make electronics repairable are necessary. This change will make the world a greener and safer place. 8. What does the author say about e-waste? A. It is very easy to reuse. B. It is kept under control. C. It grows faster than expected. D. It does not get much attention. 9. What might be the goal of the fixing factories? A To hold repair parties for people to have a good time. B. To make people take their broken electronics for repairs. C. To encourage people to reduce the use of electronics. D. To produce electronics that can be used for much longer. 10. How does Restart Project work according to the text? A. It offers help and support to factories. B. It holds fixing parties in various places. C. It cooperates with different organizations. D. It instructs people to use electronics wisely. 11. What is a good way to reduce e-waste according to Dermot? A. Producing enough high-quality electronics. B. Improving people’s ability to repair electronics. C. Designing electronics better to make them repairable. D. Building more factories to produce better electronics. D The Grand Canal (京杭大运河) is the longest and greatest man-made waterway in ancient China. With 27 sections and 58 historical sites, it was placed on the UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 2014. Running from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province in the south to Beijing in the north and connecting different river systems, the Grand Canal contributed greatly to ensuring that the Chinese primary economy thrived in past dynasties. The Grand Canal we see today was built section by section in different areas and dynasties before it was linked together by the Sui Dynasty (581 — 618). In 604 CE, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty toured Luoyang. The following year, he moved the capital to Luoyang and ordered a large-scale expansion of the canal. Due to the primitive building techniques, it took over six years to complete the project. About half the peasant builders (about 3,000,000) died of hard labor and hunger before it was finished. This project was thought to have been a waste of manpower and money, which resulted in the downfall of the Sui Dynasty. As a major transportation hub (枢纽), the Grand Canal connected the Yangtze, Yellow, Huaihe, Haihe, and Qiantang Rivers and flowed through Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, with Hangzhou as its southernmost end. The Grand Canal, which joined the river systems from different directions, provided a good way to transport foods and goods from south to north. Just as importantly, it greatly improved the administration and defense of China as a whole and strengthened economic and cultural connections between north and south. Boating on the old Canal is one of the best ways to get a panoramic (全景的) view of the landscape of typical river towns in southern China, which include ancient dwellings, stone bridges of traditional designs and historical relics. Experiencing some of the local customs offers much delight to travelers. Tourists also have an opportunity to enjoy good food while appreciating the surrounding scenery. 12. What is mainly talked about in the first paragraph? A. A brief history of the Grand Canal. B. The whole system of the Grand Canal. C. A general introduction to the Grand Canal. D. The impact the Grand Canal had on the economy. 13. What is the credit of Emperor Yang according to the text? A. The establishment of the Sui Dynasty. B. The movement to build the canal. C. The economic prosperity in the Sui Dynasty. D. The connection of the sections of the Grand Canal. 14. What can we infer from the Grand Canal as an important transportation hub? A. It improved building techniques. B. It helped develop the nation steadily as a whole. C. It brought people convenience to travel around. D. It sped up China’s development in agriculture. 15. Why does the writer write the last paragraph? A. To suggest traveling along the old Grand Canal. B. To introduce the good food along the old Grand Canal. C. To show the historical relics tourists will enjoy in southern China. D. To paint a typical landscape of southern China. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Practice Calligraphy As long as you stick to your calligraphy practice, you will improve. Here are some things you can do to help you stick with your calligraphy practice. Make it fun As you learn anything, you’ve got to make practice enjoyable. ____16____ To that end, you’ve got to set the mood! You can do whatever you want to make the practice space become a place where you feel good. Realize that there’s more than one way to practice calligraphy Are you familiar with the proverb “no pains, no gains”? ____17____ When you start to be very painful with your practice, you need to stop what you’re doing and have a rest. For most people, a diverse approach will work best. Don’t stress about having a strict practice routine. Ideally, you should practice calligraphy at least three times per week in 20-minute sessions. You may not have 60 minutes of free time in a week right now, and that’s okay! ____18____ Take lots of progress photos Once you finish practicing, take a photo to document your work. ____19____ Documenting your work is for encouraging you. If you don’t get encouragement in your practice, you may abandon it. Accept that your’re constantly improving As you practice calligraphy, you have to keep in mind that nothing will ever be perfect. ____20____ The trick is to realize that those faults are exactly what makes you constantly improve. A. You will always see faults in what you make. B. Your memory alone is a very poor record keeper. C. Please don’t let that apply to your calligraphy practice. D. Just set aside whatever time you can set aside to practice, and that’s enough. E. You’ll learn quickly and thoroughly if you like what you’re doing. F. You can track your progress by looking at these photos. G. It can help you address the problems you may encounter in the practice. 第二部分 语言运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I started playing soccer as a kid after my big brother started playing, I just fell in love with it. As many ____21____ do, I wanted to be a soccer player when I grew up. But when I was nine, I started losing my ____22____, and it got increasingly difficult to play. At first, I tried to just work ____23____. But everything was becoming more difficult. At some point, if you don’t have vision, and you’re trying to play a sport where you have to see the ____24____, it doesn’t matter how hard you work or how much you train. It’s not going to be realistic to keep ____25____ people with full vision. My elder brother is the one who got me started on the right track after I ____26____ rock bottom. He had been swimming for a couple of years and ____27____ me to try it. That brought me back to a better place ____28____, and I was able to shift from playing soccer to sports that I could do, like swimming, track, and cross country. Naturally, that ____29____ led to triathlon (铁人三项). I was lucky that my parents _____30_____ me. They worried about my _____31_____, but never sheltered me. In 1999, my senior year, I _____32_____ for my first triathlon and I had never done anything like it before. I loved it. That first race was great. Most importantly, that race was a turning point. It opened a new door in _____33_____ and in life for me. When I went to Michigan State for college, I started the triathlon team there. Ultimately, I believe that perseverance is a learned skill, which _____34_____ from facing obstacles and challenges. Sometimes you have to change the _____35_____ you thought you’d be on, but you can still persevere on that new road. 21. A. athletes B. kids C. adults D. swimmers 22. A. heart B. temper C. enthusiasm D. vision 23. A. closer B. faster C. harder D. longer 24. A. pool B. ball C. shoe D. bat 25. A. thinking about B. looking for C. helping with D. playing against 26. A. hit B. reached C. beat D. felt 27. A. took B. forced C. encouraged D. warned 28. A. physically B. mentally C. effectively D. exactly 29. A. opportunity B. argument C. preparation D. combination 30 A. supported B. permitted C. rejected D. considered 31. A. emotion B. study C. safety D. education 32. A. got off B. signed up C. came across D. sent out 33. A. sport B. entertainment C. talent D. career 34. A. originates B. starts C. develops D. keeps 35. A. path B. decision C. ground D. approach 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An Inspiring Village Teacher For pupils at a country school in Yiyuan County, Shandong Province, Miss Ren has not only taught them but also shown them how to face life with a positive attitude, ____36____ (especial) when things just don’t seem to be working out. Born in ____37____ village in Yiyuan County in 1992, Ren had to shoulder ____38____ (much) work than other children when she was young because both her father and mother suffered ____39____ ill health. Although she had to do part-time work to take care of her family, she never stopped studying with the support from her relatives and fellow villagers. Ren completed her 12-year school study and ____40____ (admit) to a university to pursue a bachelor’s degree majoring in Pedagogy (教育学), which had always been her dream. There was a time ____41____ she edged ever closer to her dream but met with financial ____42____ (difficulty) — her family couldn’t afford the tuition. She was about to give up university when Mr. Li, a teacher in Yiyuan County, came to offer help. “Mr. Li enlightened ____43____ (I) life. At that time, I told myself that after graduation, I would return to my hometown, where I could work as a teacher ____44____ (repay) the teacher and my fellow villagers,” she said while _____45_____ (keep) a watchful eye on children who were playing in the playground. 第三节 单词拼写（请用必修一、二、三范围内的新单词填空，否则无分。共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。 46. The paper flowers are bright and colorful, so they were used to ________ (装饰) the whole store. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. As a student, it’s important to find a b________ between studying and relaxing to maintain a healthy lifestyle. (根据首字母单词拼写) 48. The author has written a book about ________ (风俗) of different festivals in ancient China. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. After the accident, only two passengers ________ (幸存). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. Time is p________, so we should make the most of it. (根据首字母提示单词拼写) 51. I was deeply ________ (失望的) when the coach refused my request once more. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. Our resources are ________ (有限的), so we need to use them wisely. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. Sleeplessness does h________ to people’s health, so you should get enough sleep. (根据首字母单词拼写) 54. The school is s________ by beautiful gardens and trees providing a peaceful and green environment for learning. (根据首字母单词拼写) 55. Realizing that chemistry was a challenge for me, I decided to s________ help from the teacher after school. (根据首字母单词拼写) 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 56. 假定你是李华，你和朋友本周六打算去参观中国航天博物馆(China Space Museum)。请你给在你学校做交换生David写一封信，邀请他一起去，内容包括： 1. 邀请David； 2. 主要的参观活动； 3. 约定会面的时间和地点。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear David, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写 （满分15分） 57. 读后续写 It was a busy morning and I had several work to do before the day became too hot to be outside the house. As I was walking by the side of a busy road, I saw an old lady, maybe in her 80s standing dangerously close to the traffic. Although my mind was occupied, I thought to myself that I should warn her not to stand so close to the chaotic traffic rushing by. When I reached the spot where the old lady was standing, I noticed that she was trying to get attention of passers-by who of course were too busy to take note of her. She kept pointing to the middle of the road. When I tried to gently move her back further away from the edge of the busy road, she said that she was standing there because she had dropped her house key in the middle of the road and was unable to open her house without the key. I looked around and no one seemed to be interested in the two of us. The traffic was busy on the road with commuters on two-wheelers and office goers in cars as well as school buses rushing with school children. It was the worst time of the day to cross a busy road without a traffic light. 注意： 1.续写词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I knew I was getting delayed but decided to help. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 揭阳市2023—2024学年度高中一年级教学质量测试 英语 本试题共10页，考试时间120分钟，满分120分 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生先将自己的信息填写清楚、准确，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码粘贴处。 2.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。 3.答题时请按要求用笔，保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不得使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。考试结束后，请将本试题及答题卡交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Many inventors have left their marks on history in their own ways. Although there are inventors who you might not know, that doesn’t mean their contributions to science are less significant. Keep reading to learn about some famous inventors. John Deere John Deere is best known for being an inventor in the agricultural space. When the blacksmith noticed he was often making the same repairs to wood and cast-iron plows used by farmers, he began experimenting with more durable plow designs, which he then sold to local farmers. His steel plows exploded in popularity among many farmers, with Deere’s company (also called John Deere) producing 1,600 plows in 1850. That same year, the company started producing other tools in addition to plows. Charles Babbage If you’re reading this on a computer, you have mathematician and inventor Charles Babbage to thank. Although he didn’t invent the computer as we know it today, his ideas laid the groundwork for modern computers. Because of this, he’s often referred to as “the father of computing”. Steve Jobs Along with Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs was an inventor behind Apple Computers. As the now-famous story goes, Jobs and Wozniak started Apple Computers in Jobs’ family’s garage in 1976, and the work they did there made computers more accessible and more affordable for consumers. Jobs left Apple in 1985, but he returned in 1997 and revitalized the company, leading to the creation of products like the iPod and iPhone. Joy Mangano If you’ve ever used a Miracle Mop, you have Joy Mangano to thank. The 67-year-old created the innovative cleaning tool in 1990, which she marketed and sold herself. A couple of years after inventing the device, she appeared on QVC to sell it, where more than 18,000 mops were sold within a half hour. In addition to the Miracle Mop, Mangano is the creator of Rolykit, Huggable Hangers, and Forever Fragrant. 1. What inspired John Deere to invent steel plows? A. His eagerness to earn money. B. His dream of becoming an inventor. C. The frequent repairs that he had to make. D. The high price of the wood and cast-iron plows. 2. Why do people refer to Charles Babbage as “the father of computing”? A. He invented the computer. B. He formed the basis for modern computers. C. He was a great mathematician and inventor. D. He was the person who first had the idea of reading on a computer. 3. Who made it easier for busy parents to keep the house clean? A. John Deere. B. Charles Babbage. C. Steve Jobs. D. Joy Mangano. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了4位著名发明家的事迹。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由John Deere中“When the blacksmith noticed he was often making the same repairs to wood and cast-iron plows used by farmers, he began experimenting with more durable plow designs, which he then sold to local farmers. (当这位铁匠注意到他经常对农民使用的木制和铸铁犁进行同样的维修时，他开始试验更耐用的犁设计，然后卖给当地农民)”可知，不得不经常修理木制和铸铁犁激发了John Deere发明钢犁。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。由Charles Babbage中“Although he didn’t invent the computer as we know it today, his ideas laid the groundwork for modern computers. Because of this, he’s often referred to as “the father of computing”. (尽管他没有发明我们今天所知的计算机，但他的想法为现代计算机奠定了基础。正因为如此，他经常被称为“计算机之父”)”可知，Charles Babbage被称为“计算机之父”是因为他奠定了现代计算机的基础。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。由Joy Mangano中“If you’ve ever used a Miracle Mop, you have Joy Mangano to thank. The 67-year-old created the innovative cleaning tool in 1990, which she marketed and sold herself. (如果你曾经使用过奇迹拖把，那就要感谢Joy Mangano。这位67岁的女士于1990年发明了这种创新的清洁工具，并将其推向市场并出售)”可知，发明奇迹拖把的Joy Mangano让忙碌的父母更容易保持家里的清洁。故选D项。 B For Jithin Nedumala, who founded Make a Difference (MAD), one of the largest youth-volunteer networks in India for orphans when he was just 20 years old, volunteering with children was a coincidence (巧合). After losing a close friend at the age of 19, he began volunteering at an orphanage to “escape his own pain”. There, focusing on someone else’s struggles helped him find deeper happiness. “I was able to focus on something larger than myself for the first time,” he says. “MAD was born because I was kind of mad at societies. Instead of providing the best care and support children needed to break free of the cycle of poverty, they were just keeping them alive till 18 and then washing their hands of them. Those kids were totally on their own afterward,” says Nedumala. Today, MAD has built a model that can truly help children escape poverty. For the youngest age group, aged 10-13, MAD’s Foundation Skills program lays the groundwork for their future. As children progress into the 14 -16 age range, the Education Support &Dream Camps offer individualized attention and high-quality support. Transition Readiness, designed for young adults aged 16 -18, equips them to make a successful transition into a broader society as they leave shelter homes. The first generation of orphans that Nedumala taught are all adults now; most of them are married and earn $240 to $250 a month on average. MAD has also provided them with interest-free money to build their first home. For many of MAD’s volunteers, there is a special joy that comes from a decade-long relationship with a child.“I have made a difference to 10 children I have personally worked with. They are family to me and that relationship continuously makes me happy,” says Nedumala. 4. Why did Nedumala volunteer at an orphanage? A. To get over his own pain. B. To remember his best friend. C. To call up memories of his childhood. D. To end his long-term struggles with poverty. 5 What does the underlined part “washing their hands of them” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Educating them patiently. B. Being no longer responsible for them. C. Helping them to make a living. D. Feeling disappointed in them. 6. What can we learn about MAD from the third paragraph? A. It can help orphans to earn big money. B. It pays attention to the orphans’ rights. C. It designs particular tasks for particular age groups. D. It tailors programs to prepare orphans for the future. 7. What is the purpose of the text? A. To share Jithin Nedumala’s job. B. To show the life of disadvantaged children in India. C. To tell us something about Make a Difference. D. To call on people to care for orphans in India. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jithin Nedumala在20岁时创立了印度最大的孤儿青年志愿者网络之一（Make a Difference (MAD)），MAD的基础技能计划为孤儿们的未来奠定了基础，给孤儿们提供支持和帮助，让他们在离开庇护所时成功在社会上生存，与孤儿们长达十年的关系也让Jithin Nedumala感到快乐。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。由第一段中“After losing a close friend at the age of 19, he began volunteering at an orphanage to “escape his own pain”. (在19岁失去一位密友后，他开始在孤儿院做志愿者，以“逃避自己的痛苦”)”可知，Nedumala在孤儿院做志愿者是为了克服自己失去密友的痛苦。故选A项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。由第二段中“Instead of providing the best care and support children needed to break free of the cycle of poverty, they were just keeping them alive till 18 and then washing their hands of them. Those kids were totally on their own afterward (社会没有提供孩子们摆脱贫困循环所需的最好的照顾和支持，而是让他们活到18岁，然后washing their hands of them。这些孩子之后完全靠自己了)”可知，孤儿们18岁成年后就要靠自己生活了，社会（尤指政府机构）就不管他们了，即不再对他们负责，划线短语意为“Being no longer responsible for them”。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。由第三段中“For the youngest age group, aged 10-13, MAD’s Foundation Skills program lays the groundwork for their future. As children progress into the 14 -16 age range, the Education Support &Dream Camps offer individualized attention and high-quality support. Transition Readiness, designed for young adults aged 16 -18, equips them to make a successful transition into a broader society as they leave shelter homes. (对于10-13岁的最年轻年龄组，MAD的基础技能计划为他们的未来奠定了基础。随着孩子们进入14-16岁的年龄段，教育支持和梦想营地提供个性化的关注和高质量的支持。“过渡准备”专为16-18岁的年轻人设计，使他们能够在离开庇护所时成功过渡到更广泛的社会)”可知，MAD按不同年龄段逐步制定计划，为孤儿的未来做好准备。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了Jithin Nedumala在20岁时创立了印度最大的孤儿青年志愿者网络之一（Make a Difference (MAD)），MAD的基础技能计划为孤儿们的未来奠定了基础，给孤儿们提供支持和帮助，让他们在离开庇护所时成功在社会上生存，与孤儿们长达十年的关系也让Jithin Nedumala感到快乐，本文目的在于告诉我们一些关于有所作为的事情。故选C项。 C Every year millions of electronics and electrical appliances (家用电器) are thrown away. This e-waste includes cellphones, computers, appliances and medical equipment. If not properly dealt with, e-waste can release (释放) up to 100 different chemicals into the environment. However, less than one quarter of the waste is reused. Most people will consider buying new electronics and electrical appliances if the old ones are out of order. About 80 percent of broken electronics are repairable. If anything isn’t done to encourage repairs, e-waste will grow to about 74 million tons by 2030. Now a new concept is hoping to change the facts on the ground by creating “fixing factories”. Two of the factories opened in Camden and Brent in the spring of 2023. The factories were inspired by the nonprofit Restart Project, which began holding repair parties about ten years ago. People were invited to have their electronics repaired over a cup of beer. “Camden is where we ran our first party almost 10 years ago, and we’ve enjoyed bringing our events to pubs, community centers, festivals, universities and other places,” said Fiona Dear, the charity’s co-director. “We hope the local fixing factory will provide an opportunity for people to take their out-of -order electronics or electrical appliances to us for repairs.” But the factories may not be enough, according to Dermot, project manager for the Camden branch, who has been repairing things in his whole life. “There need to be huge changes in the way our things are made,” he said. Changes in the industry to make electronics repairable are necessary. This change will make the world a greener and safer place. 8. What does the author say about e-waste? A. It is very easy to reuse. B. It is kept under control. C. It grows faster than expected. D. It does not get much attention. 9. What might be the goal of the fixing factories? A. To hold repair parties for people to have a good time. B. To make people take their broken electronics for repairs. C. To encourage people to reduce the use of electronics. D. To produce electronics that can be used for much longer. 10. How does Restart Project work according to the text? A. It offers help and support to factories. B. It holds fixing parties in various places. C. It cooperates with different organizations. D. It instructs people to use electronics wisely. 11. What is a good way to reduce e-waste according to Dermot? A. Producing enough high-quality electronics. B. Improving people’s ability to repair electronics. C. Designing electronics better to make them repairable. D. Building more factories to produce better electronics. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电子垃圾日益增多，回收率低，如果不采取任何措施鼓励维修，到2030年，电子垃圾将增长到约7400万吨，两家工厂受到了非营利组织“重启项目”的启发，邀请人们边喝啤酒边修理电子设备，减少电子垃圾，使世界变得更加绿色和安全。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。由第一段中“However, less than one quarter of the waste is reused. Most people will consider buying new electronics and electrical appliances if the old ones are out of order. (然而，只有不到四分之一的废物被再利用。如果旧的电子产品和电器坏了，大多数人会考虑购买新的)”可知，旧的电子产品和电器坏了，多数人会买新的，只有不到四分之一的电子垃圾被再利用，可得出作者认为电子垃圾没有得到太多的关注。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段中“Now a new concept is hoping to change the facts on the ground by creating “fixing factories”. (现在，一个新概念希望通过创建“修理厂”来改变现实)”，第二段中“The factories were inspired by the nonprofit Restart Project, which began holding repair parties about ten years ago. People were invited to have their electronics repaired over a cup of beer. (这些工厂受到了非营利组织“重启项目”的启发，该项目大约十年前开始举办维修派对。人们被邀请边喝啤酒边修理电子设备)”和第三段中“We hope the local fixing factory will provide an opportunity for people to take their out-of -order electronics or electrical appliances to us for repairs. (我们希望当地的修理厂能为人们提供一个机会，让他们把故障的电子产品或电器带到我们这里进行维修)”可知，修理厂的目标是让人们把损坏的电子产品拿去修理。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段中“The factories were inspired by the nonprofit Restart Project, which began holding repair parties about ten years ago. People were invited to have their electronics repaired over a cup of beer. (这些工厂受到了非营利组织“重启项目”的启发，该项目大约十年前开始举办维修派对。人们被邀请边喝啤酒边修理电子设备)”和第三段中“Camden is where we ran our first party almost 10 years ago, and we’ve enjoyed bringing our events to pubs, community centers, festivals, universities and other places (卡姆登是我们近10年前举办第一次聚会的地方，我们很喜欢把我们的活动带到酒吧、社区中心、节日、大学和其他地方)”可知，重启项目在不同的地方举行固定聚会，邀请人们边喝啤酒边修理电子设备。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。由第四段中““There need to be huge changes in the way our things are made,” he said. Changes in the industry to make electronics repairable are necessary. This change will make the world a greener and safer place. (他说：“我们的生产方式需要做出巨大的改变。”改变行业以使电子产品可修复是必要的。这一变化将使世界变得更加绿色和安全)”可知，根据Dermot的说法，想要世界变得更加绿色和安全，减少电子垃圾的好方法是更好地设计电子设备，使其易于维修。故选C项。 D The Grand Canal (京杭大运河) is the longest and greatest man-made waterway in ancient China. With 27 sections and 58 historical sites it was placed on the UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 2014. Running from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province in the south to Beijing in the north and connecting different river systems, the Grand Canal contributed greatly to ensuring that the Chinese primary economy thrived in past dynasties. The Grand Canal we see today was built section by section in different areas and dynasties before it was linked together by the Sui Dynasty (581 — 618). In 604 CE, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty toured Luoyang. The following year, he moved the capital to Luoyang and ordered a large-scale expansion of the canal. Due to the primitive building techniques, it took over six years to complete the project. About half the peasant builders (about 3,000,000) died of hard labor and hunger before it was finished. This project was thought to have been a waste of manpower and money, which resulted in the downfall of the Sui Dynasty. As a major transportation hub (枢纽), the Grand Canal connected the Yangtze, Yellow, Huaihe, Haihe, and Qiantang Rivers and flowed through Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, with Hangzhou as its southernmost end. The Grand Canal, which joined the river systems from different directions, provided a good way to transport foods and goods from south to north. Just as importantly, it greatly improved the administration and defense of China as a whole and strengthened economic and cultural connections between north and south. Boating on the old Canal is one of the best ways to get a panoramic (全景的) view of the landscape of typical river towns in southern China, which include ancient dwellings, stone bridges of traditional designs and historical relics. Experiencing some of the local customs offers much delight to travelers. Tourists also have an opportunity to enjoy good food while appreciating the surrounding scenery. 12. What is mainly talked about in the first paragraph? A. A brief history of the Grand Canal. B. The whole system of the Grand Canal. C. A general introduction to the Grand Canal. D. The impact the Grand Canal had on the economy. 13. What is the credit of Emperor Yang according to the text? A. The establishment of the Sui Dynasty. B. The movement to build the canal. C. The economic prosperity in the Sui Dynasty. D. The connection of the sections of the Grand Canal. 14. What can we infer from the Grand Canal as an important transportation hub? A. It improved building techniques. B. It helped develop the nation steadily as a whole. C. It brought people convenience to travel around. D. It sped up China’s development in agriculture. 15. Why does the writer write the last paragraph? A. To suggest traveling along the old Grand Canal. B. To introduce the good food along the old Grand Canal. C. To show the historical relics tourists will enjoy in southern China. D. To paint a typical landscape of southern China. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代伟大的工程——京杭大运河的历史、作用和旅游资源。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。由第一段“The Grand Canal (京杭大运河) is the longest and greatest man-made waterway in ancient China. With 27 sections and 58 historical sites, it was placed on the UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 2014. Running from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province in the south to Beijing in the north and connecting different river systems, the Grand Canal contributed greatly to ensuring that the Chinese primary economy thrived in past dynasties. (京杭大运河是中国古代最长、最大的人工水道。它有27个部分和58个历史遗迹，于2014年被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。大运河南起浙江省杭州市，北至北京市，连接不同的水系，为确保中国历代第一产业的繁荣做出了巨大贡献)”可知，第一段主要对京杭大运河作了一般介绍。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段中“The Grand Canal we see today was built section by section in different areas and dynasties before it was linked together by the Sui Dynasty (581—618). In 604 CE, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty toured Luoyang. (我们今天看到的京杭大运河在隋朝（581-618）被连接之前，是在不同地区和朝代逐段修建的。公元604年，隋炀帝游览洛阳。次年，他迁都洛阳，下令大规模扩建运河)”可知，隋炀帝的功绩是把大运河各段连接起来。故选D项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。由第三段中“The Grand Canal, which joined the river systems from different directions, provided a good way to transport foods and goods from south to north. Just as importantly, it greatly improved the administration and defense of China as a whole and strengthened economic and cultural connections between north and south. (京杭大运河从不同方向连接了河流系统，为从南到北运输食物和货物提供了良好的方式。同样重要的是，它极大地改善了整个中国的行政和国防，加强了南北之间的经济和文化联系)”可知，京杭大运河作为重要的交通枢纽，有助于整个国家的稳定发展。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。由最后一段“Boating on the old Canal is one of the best ways to get a panoramic (全景的) view of the landscape of typical river towns in southern China, which include ancient dwellings, stone bridges of traditional designs and historical relics. Experiencing some of the local customs offers much delight to travelers. Tourists also have an opportunity to enjoy good food while appreciating the surrounding scenery. (在老运河上泛舟是欣赏中国南方典型河城景观的最佳方式之一，其中包括古民居、传统设计的石桥和历史遗迹。体验当地的一些风俗给旅行者带来了很多乐趣。游客也有机会在欣赏周围风景的同时享受美食)”可知，最后一段讲了京杭大运河的旅游资源，可得出作者写最后一段是为了建议读者沿着古老的大运河旅行。故选A项。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Practice Calligraphy As long as you stick to your calligraphy practice, you will improve. Here are some things you can do to help you stick with your calligraphy practice. Make it fun As you learn anything, you’ve got to make practice enjoyable. ____16____ To that end, you’ve got to set the mood! You can do whatever you want to make the practice space become a place where you feel good. Realize that there’s more than one way to practice calligraphy Are you familiar with the proverb “no pains, no gains”? ____17____ When you start to be very painful with your practice, you need to stop what you’re doing and have a rest. For most people, a diverse approach will work best. Don’t stress about having a strict practice routine. Ideally, you should practice calligraphy at least three times per week in 20-minute sessions. You may not have 60 minutes of free time in a week right now, and that’s okay! ____18____ Take lots of progress photos Once you finish practicing, take a photo to document your work. ____19____ Documenting your work is for encouraging you. If you don’t get encouragement in your practice, you may abandon it. Accept that your’re constantly improving As you practice calligraphy, you have to keep in mind that nothing will ever be perfect. ____20____ The trick is to realize that those faults are exactly what makes you constantly improve. A. You will always see faults in what you make. B. Your memory alone is a very poor record keeper. C. Please don’t let that apply to your calligraphy practice. D. Just set aside whatever time you can set aside to practice, and that’s enough. E. You’ll learn quickly and thoroughly if you like what you’re doing. F. You can track your progress by looking at these photos. G. It can help you address the problems you may encounter in the practice. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. D 19. F 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何练习书法的方法。 【16题详解】 由小标题“Make it fun (让它变得有趣)”可知，练习书法方法之一：让书法练习变得有趣，再结合上文“As you learn anything, you’ve got to make practice enjoyable. (当你学习任何东西时，你必须让练习变得愉快)”讲要让任何学习的东西，其练习变得有趣，作者这样建议，说明练习自己喜欢的东西对学习有好处，E选项“如果你喜欢你正在做的事情，你会学得又快又彻底。”切合语境。故选E项。 【17题详解】 由上文“Are you familiar with the proverb “no pains, no gains”? (你熟悉“不劳则无获”这句谚语吗？)”可知，作者认为不练习书法，就不会获得提升，可得出作者不希望“不劳则无获”这句谚语应验在你的书法练习上，侧面希望读者能坚持书法练习，C选项“请不要让这适用于你的书法练习。”切合语境。故选C项。 【18题详解】 由上文“Don’t stress about having a strict practice routine. Ideally, you should practice calligraphy at least three times per week in 20-minute sessions. You may not have 60 minutes of free time in a week right now, and that’s okay! (不要强调严格的练习程序。理想情况下，你应该每周至少练习三次书法，每次20分钟。你现在一周可能没有60分钟的空闲时间，这没关系)”可知，对于书法练习，无需遵循严格的练习程序，去规定练习时间和次数，有时间练习就行了，D选项“只要留出时间练习，就够了。”切合语境。故选D项。 【19题详解】 由小标题“Take lots of progress photos (拍摄大量进度照片)”和上文“Once you finish practicing, take a photo to document your work. (练习结束后，拍一张照片来记录你的工作)”可知练习书法方法之一：拍摄照片跟踪书法练习进度，F选项“你可以通过看这些照片来跟踪你的进度。”承接上文，切合语境。故选F项。 【20题详解】 由上文“As you practice calligraphy, you have to keep in mind that nothing will ever be perfect. (当你练习书法时，你必须记住，没有什么是完美的)”和下文“The trick is to realize that those faults are exactly what makes you constantly improve. (诀窍是要意识到这些缺点正是让你不断改进的原因)”可知，作者认为书法练习时不完美是很正常的，所以你的字会有缺点，A选项“你做的东西总会有缺点。”切合语境，选项中“faults”呼应下文中“those faults”。故选A项。 第二部分 语言运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I started playing soccer as a kid after my big brother started playing I just fell in love with it. As many ____21____ do, I wanted to be a soccer player when I grew up. But when I was nine, I started losing my ____22____, and it got increasingly difficult to play. At first, I tried to just work ____23____. But everything was becoming more difficult. At some point, if you don’t have vision, and you’re trying to play a sport where you have to see the ____24____, it doesn’t matter how hard you work or how much you train. It’s not going to be realistic to keep ____25____ people with full vision. My elder brother is the one who got me started on the right track after I ____26____ rock bottom. He had been swimming for a couple of years and ____27____ me to try it. That brought me back to a better place ____28____, and I was able to shift from playing soccer to sports that I could do, like swimming, track, and cross country. Naturally, that ____29____ led to triathlon (铁人三项). I was lucky that my parents _____30_____ me. They worried about my _____31_____, but never sheltered me. In 1999, my senior year, I _____32_____ for my first triathlon and I had never done anything like it before. I loved it. That first race was great. Most importantly, that race was a turning point. It opened a new door in _____33_____ and in life for me. When I went to Michigan State for college, I started the triathlon team there. Ultimately, I believe that perseverance is a learned skill, which _____34_____ from facing obstacles and challenges. Sometimes you have to change the _____35_____ you thought you’d be on, but you can still persevere on that new road. 21. A. athletes B. kids C. adults D. swimmers 22. A. heart B. temper C. enthusiasm D. vision 23. A. closer B. faster C. harder D. longer 24. A. pool B. ball C. shoe D. bat 25. A. thinking about B. looking for C. helping with D. playing against 26. A. hit B. reached C. beat D. felt 27. A. took B. forced C. encouraged D. warned 28. A. physically B. mentally C. effectively D. exactly 29. A. opportunity B. argument C. preparation D. combination 30. A. supported B. permitted C. rejected D. considered 31. A. emotion B. study C. safety D. education 32. A. got off B. signed up C. came across D. sent out 33. A. sport B. entertainment C. talent D. career 34. A. originates B. starts C. develops D. keeps 35. A. path B. decision C. ground D. approach 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者因视力丧失足球梦破灭之后，在哥哥的鼓励下尝试游泳，从中再次获得自由和自信，进而尝试铁人三项运动，并通过比赛获得了很好的体验，给自己的运动生涯和人生都打开了一扇新的大门。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：和许多孩子一样，我长大后想成为一名足球运动员。A. athletes运动员；B. kids孩子；C. adults成人；D. swimmers游泳者。由下文“I wanted to be a soccer player when I grew up”可知，长大后想成为一名足球运动员是作者儿时的梦想。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当我九岁的时候，我开始失去视力，打比赛变得越来越困难。A. heart心；B. temper脾气；C. enthusiasm热情；D. vision视力。由下文“and it got increasingly difficult to play”可知，应该是失去视力让打比赛变得艰难。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，我只是更努力地训练。A. closer更靠近地；B. faster更快地；C. harder更努力地；D. longer更长地。由上文语境可知，作者失去视力，所以更加努力地训练。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在某些时候，如果你没有视力，你正试图参加一项必须看到球的运动，那么你的努力程度或训练程度都无关紧要。A. pool水塘；B. ball球；C. shoe鞋；D. bat球棒。由上文“I wanted to be a soccer player when I grew up (我长大后想成为一名足球运动员)”可知，作者从事的运动必须要看到球。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：继续和视力正常的人比赛是不现实的。A. thinking about思考；B. looking for寻找；C. helping with用……来帮助；D. playing against同……比赛。由上文“I wanted to be a soccer player when I grew up (我长大后想成为一名足球运动员)”和下文“people with full vision”可知，作者虽想成为一名足球运动员，但失去视力，作者觉得和视力正常的人比赛是不现实的。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我跌入谷底后，是我哥哥让我开始走上正轨的。A. hit击中；B. reached到达；C. beat击败；D. felt感觉。由上文“It’s not going to be realistic to keep ____5____ people with full vision. (继续和视力正常的人比赛是不现实的)”可知，作者因视力丧失，足球梦破灭，感觉人生陷入低谷，hit rock bottom (陷入低谷)。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他已经游泳好几年了，并鼓励我尝试。A. took携带；B. forced迫使；C. encouraged鼓励；D. warned警告。由上文“My elder brother is the one who got me started on the right track (我哥哥让我开始走上正轨)”可知，哥哥鼓励作者试一试游泳。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这让我在精神上回到了一个更好的地方，我能够从踢足球转向我能做的运动，比如游泳、田径和越野。A. physically身体上；B. mentally精神上；C. effectively有效地；D. exactly确切地。由下文“I was able to shift from playing soccer to sports that I could do, like swimming, track, and cross country”可知，足球梦破灭后，在哥哥的鼓励下，感觉人生陷入低谷的作者能够从踢足球转向自己能做的运动，可得出这让作者的精神回到了更好的状态。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：自然而然地，这种组合导致了铁人三项。A. opportunity机会；B. argument争论；C. preparation准备；D. combination结合。由上文“swimming, track, and cross country (游泳、田径和越野)”和常识可知，这三项运动的结合导致了铁人三项。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运，我的父母支持我。A. supported支持；B. permitted允许；C. rejected拒绝；D. considered考虑。由上文“I was lucky”可知，作者很幸运，其父母和哥哥一样，都支持作者。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们担心我的安全，但从未庇护过我。A. emotion情绪；B. study学习；C. safety安全；D. education教育。由上文语境可知，作者失去视力，但仍尝试不同运动，作为父母当然会担心孩子的安全。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：1999年，我大四那年，我报名参加了我的第一次铁人三项比赛，我以前从未做过这样的事情。A. got off下车；B. signed up注册、报名；C. came across偶遇；D. sent out发出。由下文“for my first triathlon”可知，此处指作者报名参加了自己人生第一次铁人三项比赛，sign up for (报名参加)。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它为我打开了运动和生活的新大门。A. sport运动；B. entertainment娱乐；C. talent天赋；D. career生涯。由上文“Most importantly, that race was a turning point. (最重要的是，那场比赛是一个转折点)”和下文“When I went to Michigan State for college, I started the triathlon team there. (当我去密歇根州立大学上大学时，我在那里成立了铁人三项队)”“but you can still persevere on that new road (但你仍然可以坚持走这条新路)”可知，作者的第一次铁人三项比赛让作者的生活发生了转折，作者有新路可走，上大学时，作者成立了铁人三项队，可得出这场比赛为作者打开了运动和生活的新大门。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，我相信毅力是一种后天习得的技能，是在面对障碍和挑战时发展起来的。A. originates起源；B. starts开始；C. develops发展；D. keeps保持。由上文“perseverance is a learned skill”和下文“from facing obstacles and challenges”可知，作者认为毅力是一种后天习得的技能，是面对障碍和挑战时发展起来的。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时你不得不改变你原以为的路径，但你仍然可以坚持走这条新路。A. path道路；B. decision决定；C. ground地面；D. approach方法。由下文“on that new road”可知，你得改变你原以为的路径，才能走新路。故选A项。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An Inspiring Village Teacher For pupils at a country school in Yiyuan County, Shandong Province, Miss Ren has not only taught them but also shown them how to face life with a positive attitude, ____36____ (especial) when things just don’t seem to be working out. Born in ____37____ village in Yiyuan County in 1992, Ren had to shoulder ____38____ (much) work than other children when she was young because both her father and mother suffered ____39____ ill health. Although she had to do part-time work to take care of her family, she never stopped studying with the support from her relatives and fellow villagers. Ren completed her 12-year school study and ____40____ (admit) to a university to pursue a bachelor’s degree majoring in Pedagogy (教育学), which had always been her dream. There was a time ____41____ she edged ever closer to her dream but met with financial ____42____ (difficulty) — her family couldn’t afford the tuition. She was about to give up university when Mr. Li, a teacher in Yiyuan County, came to offer help. “Mr. Li enlightened ____43____ (I) life. At that time, I told myself that after graduation, I would return to my hometown, where I could work as a teacher ____44____ (repay) the teacher and my fellow villagers,” she said while _____45_____ (keep) a watchful eye on children who were playing in the playground. 【答案】36. especially 37. a 38. more 39. from 40. was admitted 41. when 42. difficulties 43. my 44. to repay 45. keeping 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位鼓舞人心的乡村教师的事迹，任老师年少时家境贫困，在诸多好心人的帮助下（特别是沂源县的李老师）完成了学业，在李老师的影响下，成为一位乡村教师，教会学生以积极的态度面对生活。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：对于山东省沂源县一所乡村学校的学生来说，任老师不仅教会了他们，还向他们展示了如何以积极的态度面对生活，尤其是在事情似乎不顺利的时候。副词especially(尤其)作状语，修饰when引导的时间状语从句。故填especially。 【37题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：1992年，任老师出生在沂源县的一个村庄，由于父母都身体不好，她小时候不得不承担比其他孩子更多的工作。此处泛指“一个村庄”，village以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 【38题详解】 考查比较级。句意：1992年，任老师出生在沂源县的一个村庄，由于父母都身体不好，她小时候不得不承担比其他孩子更多的工作。结合than，有比较含义，用much的比较级形式more(更多的)作定语修饰名词work。故填more。 【39题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：1992年，任老师出生在沂源县的一个村庄，由于父母都身体不好，她小时候不得不承担比其他孩子更多的工作。固定短语suffer from (受……折磨)。故填from。 【40题详解】 考查时态。句意：任老师完成了12年的学业，被一所大学录取，攻读教育学学士学位，这一直是她的梦想。固定短语be admitted to (被……录取)，作谓语，结合并列谓语completed，可知事情已发生，时态用一般过去时，注意主谓一致。故填was admitted。 【41题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：曾经有一段时间，她离梦想越来越近，但遇到了经济困难——她的家人负担不起学费。固定句型There was a time when … (曾经有一段时间……)，when引导定语从句。故填when。 【42题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：曾经有一段时间，她离梦想越来越近，但遇到了经济困难——她的家人负担不起学费。difficulty在表示具体的“难处；难事；麻烦”时是可数名词，此处不止一个经济困难，用其复数形式。故填difficulties。 【43题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：“李启发了我的生活。当时，我告诉自己，毕业后，我会回到家乡，在那里我可以当老师来报答老师和我的村民，”她一边说，一边看着在操场上玩耍的孩子们。形容词性物主代词my作定语，修饰名词life。故填my。 【44题详解】 考查不定式。句意：“李启发了我的生活。当时，我告诉自己，毕业后，我会回到家乡，在那里我可以当老师来报答老师和我的村民，”她一边说，一边看着在操场上玩耍的孩子们。repay用不定式作目的状语。故填to repay。 【45题详解】 考查状语从句省略句。句意：“李启发了我的生活。当时，我告诉自己，毕业后，我会回到家乡，在那里我可以当老师来报答老师和我的村民，”她一边说，一边看着在操场上玩耍的孩子们。此处是while引导时间状语从句省略句，从句主语she和从句谓语动词短语keep a watchful eye on是主动关系，正在进行的动作，keep用be doing形式，状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句谓语中包含be动词，可省略从句主语和be动词，用现在分词keeping。故填keeping。 第三节 单词拼写（请用必修一、二、三范围内的新单词填空，否则无分。共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。 46. The paper flowers are bright and colorful, so they were used to ________ (装饰) the whole store. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】decorate 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：纸花是明亮多彩的，所以它们被用来装饰整个商店。be used to do sth. (被用来做某事)，decorate (装饰)用动词原形形式。故填decorate。 47. As a student, it’s important to find a b________ between studying and relaxing to maintain a healthy lifestyle. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】balance##alance 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：作为一名学生，重要的是要在学习和放松之间找到平衡，以保持健康的生活方式。根据句意和首字母b，结合不定冠词a，用单数名词balance (平衡)作宾语。故填balance。 48. The author has written a book about ________ (风俗) of different festivals in ancient China. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】customs 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：作者写了一本关于中国古代不同节日习俗的书。结合different festivals，不止一个风俗，用可数名词custom (风俗)的复数形式。故填customs。 49. After the accident, only two passengers ________ (幸存). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】survived 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：事故发生后，只有两名乘客幸存。事情已发生，谓语动词survive (幸存)用一般过去时。故填survived。 50. Time is p________, so we should make the most of it. (根据首字母提示单词拼写) 【答案】precious##recious 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：时间是宝贵的，所以我们应该充分利用它。形容词precious (宝贵的)作表语。故填precious。 51. I was deeply ________ (失望) when the coach refused my request once more. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】disappointed 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当教练再次拒绝我的请求时，我深感失望。根据汉语提示“失望的”可知，此处使用形容词disappointed，作表语。故填disappointed。 52. Our resources are ________ (有限的), so we need to use them wisely. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】limited 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的资源是有限的，所以我们需要明智地使用它们。形容词limited (有限的)作表语。故填limited。 53. Sleeplessness does h________ to people’s health, so you should get enough sleep. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】harm##arm 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：失眠对人的健康有害，所以你应该有充足的睡眠。固定搭配：do harm to (对……造成伤害)，用名词harm (伤害)作宾语。故填harm。 54. The school is s________ by beautiful gardens and trees, providing a peaceful and green environment for learning. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】surrounded##urrounded 【解析】 【详解】考查语态。句意：学校周围有美丽的花园和树木，为学习提供了一个宁静、绿色的环境。be surrounded by (被……包围)，用过去分词surrounded表被动。故填surrounded。 55. Realizing that chemistry was a challenge for me, I decided to s________ help from the teacher after school. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】seek##eek 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：意识到化学对我来说是一个挑战，我决定放学后向老师寻求帮助。根据句意和首字母可知，空格处应该用动词seek“寻求”，decide to do sth. (决定做某事)，seek用动词原形形式。故填seek。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 56. 假定你是李华，你和朋友本周六打算去参观中国航天博物馆(China Space Museum)。请你给在你学校做交换生的David写一封信，邀请他一起去，内容包括： 1. 邀请David； 2. 主要的参观活动； 3. 约定会面的时间和地点。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear David, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 【答案】Dear David, How are you? I’m glad to tell you that my friends and I are going to visit China Space Museum this Saturday morning. I’m writing to invite you to join us. In the museum, we can see real rockets and satellites and some delicate models of aircraft. In addition, we can watch some interesting scientific experiments, from which you can learn some knowledge. Through the visit, we can learn about the development of China’s space technology. Shall we meet at the gate of our school at 8 a.m. this Saturday? I’m looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给你校交换生David写一封信，邀请他本周六与你和朋友一起去参观中国航天博物馆。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 参观：visit→pay a visit to 此外：in addition→what’s more 答复：reply→answer 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In the museum, we can see real rockets and satellites and some delicate models of aircraft. 拓展句：There is no doubt that we can see real rockets and satellites and some delicate models of aircraft in the museum. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad to tell you that my friends and I are going to visit China Space Museum this Saturday morning. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】In addition, we can watch some interesting scientific experiments, from which you can learn some knowledge. (运用了“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句) 第二节 读后续写 （满分15分） 57. 读后续写 It was a busy morning and I had several work to do before the day became too hot to be outside the house. As I was walking by the side of a busy road, I saw an old lady, maybe in her 80s standing dangerously close to the traffic. Although my mind was occupied, I thought to myself that I should warn her not to stand so close to the chaotic traffic rushing by. When I reached the spot where the old lady was standing, I noticed that she was trying to get attention of passers-by who of course were too busy to take note of her. She kept pointing to the middle of the road. When I tried to gently move her back further away from the edge of the busy road, she said that she was standing there because she had dropped her house key in the middle of the road and was unable to open her house without the key. I looked around and no one seemed to be interested in the two of us. The traffic was busy on the road with commuters on two-wheelers and office goers in cars as well as school buses rushing with school children. It was the worst time of the day to cross a busy road without a traffic light. 注意： 1.续写词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I knew I was getting delayed but decided to help. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I knew I was getting delayed but decided to help. I asked the old lady to stay at a safe distance. I cautiously stepped onto the road waving my hands wildly, expecting not to be hit by an oncoming vehicle. Some cars and buses stopped and I moved further on to the middle of the road to get the key. I quickly went back to the old lady and returned it to her. She gave me a big warm hug and said, “I don’t know how to thank you and this is all I can give you.” I felt so happy and excited to have helped this old lady. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在某天忙碌的早晨，看到一位八十多岁的老太太危险地站在车流旁边，经过交谈作者得知老太太把钥匙掉在路中间了，没有钥匙就打不开她的房子，于是作者帮助她捡回了钥匙，得到了对方的感谢，作者也很快乐和满足。 【详解】1.段落续写： 由本段首句内容“我知道我被耽搁了，但还是决定帮忙。”可知，本段可描写作者冒着被撞的危险帮助老人捡到了钥匙，作者将老人的钥匙还给了老人，老人非常感激，帮到忙的作者感到高兴。 2.续写线索：作者决定帮忙——作者冒着被撞的危险捡回钥匙——作者将钥匙还给老人——老人感谢——作者感到高兴 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①请求：ask/request ②期望：expect/anticipate ③帮助某人：help sb./give sb. a hand 情绪类 ①高兴的：happy/delighted ②兴奋的：excited/thrilled 【点睛】[高分句型1]. I cautiously stepped onto the road waving my hands wildly, expecting not to be hit by an oncoming vehicle. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2]. I don’t know how to thank you and this is all I can give you. (运用了省略关系代词that的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$