精品解析：福建省福州市晋安区五校联考2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

2023-2024学年第二学期期末质量检测 高二英语试卷 （满分：150 分；考试时间：120 分钟） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When did Jim wish the speakers to be at his house? A. Before six o’clock. B. After five o’clock. C. Any time before five thirty. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the woman call the man? A. To know more information about the house. B. To make an appointment with the man. C. To ask the man for more advice. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman mean? A. She doesn’t understand the question. B. She will not go to watch the match. C. She will not lend him the money. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man do? A Wear the shirt. B. Find a chance to buy a shirt. C. Change the shirt for a new one. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Who will leave for Hong Kong? A. The woman. B. Bob. C. Tom. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What does the man want to do? A. Talk to the woman. B. Help the woman. C. Ask the woman’s grade. 7. What is the woman busy with? A. Her history review. B. Her history paper. C. Her Chinese paper. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Why did the woman go to London during the vacation? A. To learn English. B. To do business. C. To visit some teachers. 9. How long did the woman stay in London? A. About 30 days. B. About 40 days. C. About 45 days. 10. What did the woman like particularly about the English classes? A. The teachers were nice. B. There were a lot of activities in class. C. The students were quite free in class. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11 Where does this conversation take place? A. In an old house. B. At a bus stop. C. At a university. 12. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Buy a new house. B. Clean the rooms every day. C. Buy an old house with small rooms. 13. What do we know about the woman? A. She wants to buy an old large house. B. She’ll buy a house near the university. C. She prefers to live in small rooms. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What does the woman worry about? A. Her work. B. Her study. C. Her weight. 15. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Eat less. B. Live happily. C. Do some exercise. 16. What will the woman do next? A. Walk for an hour. B. Buy a dancing machine. C. Dance with the man. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What is the talk mainly about? A. The history of the school. B. The courses for the term. C. The plan for the day. 18. Where can the visitors learn about the subjects for new students? A. In the school hall. B. In the science labs. C. In the classrooms. 19. What can students do in the practical areas? A. Take science courses. B. Enjoy excellent meals. C. Attend workshops. 20. When are the visitors expected to ask questions? A. During the lunch hour. B. After the speech of welcome. C. Before the tour of the labs. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 A If you are planning a trip you may be wondering what might be in your line of travel when it comes to unique buildings. There are some unusual, unique buildings you should put on your travel bucket list. Capital Gate—Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Capital Gate is one of the tallest buildings in Abu Dhabi. According to the Guinness World Records, Capital Gate is the world’s farthest leaning, man-made tower. The structure leans at an 18 degree angle, and intentionally so. This is a lean about 5 times greater than the Leaning Tower of Pisa. Svalbard Global Seed Vault—Longyearbyen, Norway Nothing grand or stunning(令人震惊的)about this structure, from a visual perspective. But, in some ways, the future of civilization may depend on the work done at the Svalbard Global Seed Vault. The Svalbard Global Seed Vault is designed to store millions of different types of seeds for the replanting ofvarious crops in the event of any number of major global disasters. The building comes complete with blast- proof doors, airlocks, and motion sensors. Palace of the Parliament—Bucharest, Romania The Palace of the Parliament is the second largest administrative building on the planet. Indeed, it is so big that it can be seen from space. The structure was commissioned by the last communist dictator to rule in Romania.A fraction of the building is in use today, most of it sitting idle. Lotus Temple—Delhi, India If in India,a visitor interested in building and architecture should also check out the Lotus Temple in Delhi. The Lotus Temple is indeed designed to mimic the appearance of the flower. The Lotus Temple is a Bahai house of worship completed in 1986. 21. What can we learn about Capital Gate? A. It is the only tower in Abu Dhabi. B. It’s the farthest leaning tower built by man. C. It is as famous as the Leaning Tower of Pisa. D. It’s the tallest building in United Arab Emirates. 22. What is unique about Svalbard Global Seed Vault? A. Its function. B. Its height. C. Its size. D. Its appearance. 23 Which of the following is said to be seen from space? A. Capital Gate. B. Lotus Temple. C. Palace of the Parliament. D. Svalbard Global Seed Vault. B When we talk about robots, we may immediately think of sci-fi-inspired humanoid machines. While they primarily remain mythical (神话的), there are numerous more types of robots in use today. Robots differ from other machines in how they interact with the world. They have the ability to change their surroundings and respond to the world around them based on their actions. Yet, as we’ve seen, they’re not yet good for all areas of life. Will this, however, change in the future? By the mid-2030s, business network PwC expects that robots will have automated up to 30% of occupations. According to some projections, the global stock of robots might reach 20 million by 2030, with automated labor displacing (替换) up to 51 million people in the next ten years. While robots are unlikely to take over the world, we may expect to see more of them in our everyday lives. Robots are transforming the world by assisting people in performing tasks more efficiently and in ways that were previously impossible. Robots help with disaster response, improve physical abilities, serve in sectors that require human connection, and permit exploration beyond Earth’s borders. Robots are having a generally positive impact on the globe. They may be replacing some human employment, but they also improve efficiency, which improves economic activity, which in turn creates more opportunities for humans to develop new ways to earn money. Machines and robots with the ability to learn could have an even wider range of behooves. Robots that can adapt to their surroundings, learn new procedures, and change their behavior in the future will be better suitable for more complicated activities. Robots have the potential to improve our lives in the long run. They may be able to improve healthcare and make transportation more efficient, in addition to shouldering the strain of physically demanding or repetitive work. 24. What makes robots different from other machines? A. The way they respond to the world. B. The surroundings they can adapt to. C. The diversity of their types and effects. D. The important role they play in the world. 25. How does the author develop the second paragraph? A. By making comparisons. B. By analyzing the reasons. C. By listing figures. D. By giving different opinions. 26. Which of the following may the author agree with about the future of robots? A. They will help humans earn more money. B. They can free humans from housework completely. C. They will take over most areas of people’s future life. D. They may do more good than harm to humans’ future. 27. What does the underlined word “behooves” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Origins. B. Applications. C. Choices. D. Challenges. C Our city is in a sorry state. Outdoor pollution kills 4.2 million people a year, according to the World Health Organization. Concrete and tarmac (柏油碎石材料) absorb the sun’s rays rather than reflecting them back into space, and also replace plants which would otherwise cool things down. The continuous spread of buildings and roads thus turns urban areas into heat islands, discomforting residents and worsening dangerous heatwaves. A possible answer is trees. Their leaves may destroy at least some chemical pollutants (污染物) and provide shade. In 2019, researchers at the University of Wisconsin found that American cities need 40% tree coverage to cut urban heat back meaningfully. Unfortunately, not all cities — and especially not those springing up in the world’s poor countries — are blessed with parks, private gardens or even street trees in sufficient numbers. Miyawaki Akira, a plant ecologist at Yorkhama National University, in Japan, has developed a new way to increase unban greening. It is to plant miniature simulacra (微型仿制品) of natural forests in the unpromising abandoned areas. Dr Miyawaki has organised the planting of more than 1, 500 of these miniature forests, first in Japan, then in other parts of the world. Others are following in his footsteps. India is particularly keen. In Mumbai, more than 200,000 trees are found in Miyawaki forests throughout the city. Hyderabad started growing the largest individual forest of the lot in 2020. The Miyawaki method will never work out on a large scale. Relying on nature and the passage of time is probably the best for replanting extensive areas of damaged woodlands. But if your goal is to better your immediate neighborhood, rather than to save the planet from global warming, then Dr. Miyawaki might well be your man. 28. What do we know from Paragraph 1? A. Plants are replaced to cool things down. B. Urban areas are becoming pollution hotspots. C. Buildings and roads make residents comfortable. D. Concrete and tarmac reflect heat back into space. 29. What does the research in 2019 imply? A. Plants provide shade for urban residents. B. Tree coverage needs to be further expanded. C. The situation in urban areas gets steadily worse. D. Trees cut down chemical pollution from factories. 30. What can we learn about the Miyawaki method? A. It originated from India. B. It takes effect as expected. C. It makes no difference to Mumbai. D. It is finding increasing favour. 31. What is the passage mainly about? A. A practical strategy to save our planet. B. A flexible schedule to settle a challenge. C. A partial solution to the lack of urban greening. D. An effective measure to prevent global warming. D Corals (珊瑚) are often described as undersea forests, but they are declining far more quickly than the Amazon. The coral reefs (礁) are likely to be among the first ecosystems to be wiped out by climate change. A temperature rise of just 1 to 2℃ can lead to the death of the algae (海藻) upon which corals depend, draining them of color and making the structure more fragile. These bleaching (脱色) events can be temporary if waters cool, but the more frequent they are and the longer they last, the greater the risk of damage is. But that’s exactly what is happening. Bleaching was first observed in 1983. It was seen on a global level in 1998, then 2010, and then from 2015 to 2017. Most available scientific evidence tells us that unless we do something to limit warming to 1.5℃, we will lose 99% of the world’s coral reefs in coming decades. But there are other threats beyond warming. Off the Philippine island of Palawan, its old reefs have been badly damaged by dirty water from the tourist holiday center, pollution from boats and overfishing. The area ought to be a shelter because it’s one of the ocean regions most bearable to climate change. “Even here, we are losing our corals,” said David Obura, chair of the Global Specialist Group in the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. “We need to reduce stress from overfishing, coastal development, pollution and tourism.” “I’m a generation of scientists watching them disappear. It’s very depressing,” Obura said. “Above 1.5℃, in about 50 years, they will be a treasure of historic movies and pictures, but very little to see in real life. Children born today may be the last generation to see coral reefs in all their glory.” 32 How does the rising temperature affect corals? A. By damaging the algae. B. By darkening their color. C. By cutting their food resources D. By changing their structures temporarily. 33. What happened after 2015 according to the text? A. Bleaching first became a global issue. B. The ocean’s temperature went up steadily. C. We lost 99% of the world’s coral reefs. D. World-wide coral bleaching lasted longer. 34. What factor that threatens corals is stressed in Paragraph 3? A. Illegal fishing. B. Climate change. C. Ocean pollution. D. Global warming. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Philippine’s coral reefs are under threat. B. Experts’ great concern on global warming. C. Record our undersea forests before it is too late D. The next generation may never see the beauty of coral reefs 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选山可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I’m a hiker — “born to hike”. It does my heart and soul good to take a pack and head out on a trail (小路), especially when I’m alone and can let my mind wander where it will. ____36____. Hiking keeps your brain sharper than many other forms of exercise. As a professional writer, although I am busy with my work, I often spare some time to hike.____37____. ____38____. Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress. But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere and give you the happiness that you can take from nature. Hiking can increase our creativity. I’m sure I’m not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions.____39____Sometimes, ideas relevant to music come up from unconscious places when I’m not deliberately thinking. Hiking helps strengthen a positive relationship with the natural world. Besides being good for us, hiking may also help the world around us. After all, if we stick to walking and covering longer distances, we could use cars less and reduce our carbon footprint. ____40____. For example, it increases our connection to nature. As one study suggests, when we have a personal connection to nature, we are more likely to want to protect it. That means experiences in nature — like hiking — can be mutually (相互地) beneficial, helping people and the earth. So, grab a water bottle, a backpack... and head out on the trail.You won’t be sorry you did. A. Hiking helps to keep you calm and happy B. Beyond that, hiking benefits our planet indirectly C. Following are the benefits you can get from hiking D. In fact, I’ve written many of my songs while hiking on a trail E. It’s easy for me to come up with creative ideas while sitting alone F. It not just makes me feel good, but also helps me keep the brain in top shape G. This all goes to show that hiking maybe one of the best ways to move your body 第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Ada Lovelace was the daughter of a romantic poet, Lord Byron. She earned her place in history as the first computer ____41____ —a full century before today’s computers ____42____. And she became an idol(偶像)for women in ____43____ industry today. She couldn’t have done it without British mathematician Charles Babbage. Their ____44____ started in the early 1830s. Babbage had ____45____ plans for a detailed and complicated machine he called the Difference Engine—actually, a giant mechanical calculator. In the middle of his work on it, Ada ____46____ Babbage at a party. It was mathematical ____47____ at first sight. The two struck up a working relationship and eventual close friendship that would ____48____ until Ada’s death. Babbage used his Difference Engine to brainstorm a new Analytical Engine. He then ____49____ an incomplete prototype(雏形)of this machine. Ada saw that engine’s true _____50_____. The Analytical Engine was more than a calculator. When the user _____51_____ its commands, the engine could _____52_____ nearly any mathematical task ordered. Ada even wrote instructions for _____53_____ a complicated math problem. Many historians would later consider those as the first computer program and Ada as the first programmer. The second Tuesday in October has become Ada Lovelace Day, on which the _____54_____ of women to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics are_____55_____. 41. A. tutor B. saleswoman C. programmer D. accountant 42. A. broke down B. came out C. died out D. showed off 43. A. computer B. tourist C. vehicle D. agriculture 44. A. settlement B. conflict C. argument D. cooperation 45. A. shut down B. slowed down C. followed up D. drawn up 46. A. inquired B. met C. criticized D. accepted 47. A. love B. mistake C. problem D. addiction 48. A. form B. last C. matter D. count 49. A. bought B. restored C. represented D. showed 50. A. context B. potential C. bonus D. damage 51. A. obeyed B. stopped C. needed D. sent 52. A. perform B. input C. quit D. study 53. A. discovering B. creating C. solving D. raising 54. A. beauty B. humor C. contribution D. secret 55. A. honored B. postponed C. integrated D. adopted 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 So rapidly does the technology develop that no one can predict what may happen tomorrow. The number of 5G users in China has reached 20 percent, which leaves the people in the world ____56____ (amaze). In China, operators are quick to provide continuous nationwide coverage, ____57____ (ensure) users a consistent experience. They also offer flexible service packages, which delivers a beneficial result for both users and ____58____ (they). High-quality 5G networks ____59____ (drive) rapid growth of mobile data traffic so far, according to Ding Yun, Huawei's executive director and president of its carrier business group. ____60____ is estimated, the average data traffic per user per month will reach 600 GB by 2030. The energy consumption of wireless networks will ____61____ (definite) increase a lot if energy efficiency of existing networks remains unchanged. However, ____62____ has been confirmed is that Huawei has offered a comprehensive range of products and measures that address the power consumption issues of wireless networks. Huawei has already employed low-carbon ____63____ (strategy) in more than 100 countries, including Saudi Arabia, Greece, Pakistan and Switzerland, helping operators reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 40 million tons. As ____64____ important player in the communications industry, Huawei will continue to put green development at the center of everything it does and develop innovative ways to build ____65____ (green) 5G networks worldwide than before. 第四部分 写作 （共两节, 满分40分） 第一节 (满分15分) 66. 你校英文报的Life专栏正在征稿。请你以“Ways to Live a Healthy Life”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 健康生活的途径；2. 健康生活的意义。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Ways to Live a Healthy Life ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节读后续写(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As soon as his workday ended, Jordan rushed out of the office. He drove his car to the nearest supermarket to prepare for his mother’s surprise birthday party that evening. Unfortunately for Jordan, it was Friday and the parking lot was packed with shoppers. He had to drive around looking for a space to park. After nearly 20 minutes, he noticed a space, but that was specially used for unloading goods. He hesitated for a while, but thinking shopping would take him just a few minutes, he parked his car there and rushed into the supermarket. He hurried down the aisles (过道), checking the shopping list his sister had messaged him. Soon Jordan had almost everything. Now he just needed to pick out a birthday cake. “Just a few minutes more, ” he repeated these words in his mind several times as he sped down the target aisle. But when he got there, there was a long line of people wanting to buy cakes or cookies. He was getting more and more anxious, and began to regret not ordering a cake the day before. Half an hour later, it was finally his turn. He asked for a chocolate cake, and carefully placed it in the cart. Now he could go! Jordan raced towards the nearest till (收款处).“Oh, I really have good luck!” he thought. “There’s no one there! ” However, out of the corner of his eye, he saw someone approaching the till ahead of him. It was a young woman. Thinking he would surely be late if he failed to check out before the woman, he decided to take action. He pushed his shopping cart forward and narrowly missed hitting her. “Hey! ” the woman cried. “Be careful. You could have hurt me! Jordan felt embarrassed, but he pretended not to hear. He quickly paid for all his goods and rushed out of the supermarket, leaving the woman staring at him from behind. He looked at his watch and imagined that he would make it with good luck. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150(左右) 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When returning to the parking lot, Jordan found his car was gone. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Jordan felt surprised that the woman should give him a lift. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024学年第二学期期末质量检测 高二英语试卷 （满分：150 分；考试时间：120 分钟） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When did Jim wish the speakers to be at his house? A. Before six o’clock. B. After five o’clock. C. Any time before five thirty. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Aren’t we supposed to be at Jim’s house at five o’clock? W: No, any time before five thirty is OK. He said it didn’t make any difference. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the woman call the man? A. To know more information about the house. B. To make an appointment with the man. C. To ask the man for more advice. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Hi, I’m calling about the three-bedroom house you advertised in yesterday’s newspaper. It sounds really nice. M: Yes, it is, especially if you have children. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman mean? A. She doesn’t understand the question. B. She will not go to watch the match. C. She will not lend him the money. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Can you possibly lend me $10 for the game ticket? W: It’s out of the question. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man do? A. Wear the shirt. B. Find a chance to buy a shirt. C. Change the shirt for a new one. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Have you had a chance to wear your new shirt yet? M: That reminds me. I’ve been meaning to exchange it for a large size. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Who will leave for Hong Kong? A. The woman. B. Bob. C. Tom. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Are you really leaving for Hong Kong, Bob? M: I guess so. I’ve got my ticket and I am anxious to see Tom there on Saturday. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What does the man want to do? A. Talk to the woman. B. Help the woman. C. Ask the woman’s grade. 7. What is the woman busy with? A. Her history review. B. Her history paper. C. Her Chinese paper. 【答案】6. A 7. B 【解析】 【原文】M: I see you are busy right now, Sue. As soon as you finish, I’d like to talk to you for a few minutes. W: That’s OK. Come in. M: Oh, no, I don’t want to interrupt you. I can wait. I’ll come back later. W: I’m afraid it’s going to be a long wait! I’m working on my history paper. M: History paper? I thought you’d finished it. Didn’t you turn it in on Friday? W: Yes, but the professor just returned it to me. I was told to add ten more pages. M: Ten more pages! That’s quite a lot. How are you going to do it? W: That’s what I am trying to figure out. Now what can I do for you? 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Why did the woman go to London during the vacation? A. To learn English. B. To do business. C. To visit some teachers. 9. How long did the woman stay in London? A. About 30 days. B. About 40 days. C. About 45 days. 10. What did the woman like particularly about the English classes? A. The teachers were nice. B. There were a lot of activities in class. C. The students were quite free in class. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Hi, Jane. It’s nice to see you again. I heard that you went to the United Kingdom during the vacation. W: Yes. I paid a visit to London and attended a summer course in English. M: Wow. It sounds so good. How long did you stay there? W: Well, I went there on July 5th and came back on August 15th. M: What about the course? W: I think the course was well organized. The teachers were nice. They taught us to listen, speak, read and write in English, but it mostly focused on speaking. One interesting thing I found was that the English classes were different from ours because they were very free. You can sit anywhere you like in the classroom. You can ask the teacher questions at any time during the class, and you are welcome to share your ideas with the classmates and teachers. I really enjoy this kind of class. M: How interesting! Maybe our teachers should try that. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. Where does this conversation take place? A. In an old house. B. At a bus stop. C. At a university. 12. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Buy a new house. B. Clean the rooms every day. C. Buy an old house with small rooms. 13. What do we know about the woman? A. She wants to buy an old large house. B. She’ll buy a house near the university. C. She prefers to live in small rooms. 【答案】11. B 12. A 13. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Hi, Rose. You’ve been looking for houses for months. Can’t you find one? W: Well, I should be careful about choosing one. It’s a big step to buy a house. I’d rather take time now than be sorry later. M: That’s right. There’re a lot of houses for sale near the university. W: I’ve been there, very beautiful houses, but I prefer old but big houses. We need lots of rooms, you know. And I think I can get a better buy on an old house. M: However, a cheap house means less modern conveniences. Why not get a new one? W: Well, Jeff can rebuild the old one. You know, he’s so skillful. Some of the new houses now have very small rooms. I wouldn’t want to spend the rest of my life in them. M: Aren’t you tired of keeping so many rooms clean every day? W: Not at all. Cleaning is a pleasure for me. Oh, here comes my bus. Bye! 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What does the woman worry about? A. Her work. B. Her study. C. Her weight. 15. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Eat less. B. Live happily. C. Do some exercise. 16. What will the woman do next? A. Walk for an hour. B. Buy a dancing machine. C. Dance with the man. 【答案】14. C 15. C 16. B 【解析】 【原文】W: You see, I’m getting much fatter than before. I’m always worried. I’ve no idea how to lose weight. M: You should do some exercise every day. That is the best way to keep you healthy and strong. W: You know, I don’t want to move about at all. M: You’d better not watch too much TV. Recently, dancing machines have been popular in our country. I suggest buying one. W: What is the dancing machine? M: Oh, you may see one in shopping centers. It’s easy to learn how to use it. What you ought to do is dance on such machines with loud disco music, stepping forward and backward, left and right according to the directions on TV, as if you are really dancing. W: That sounds interesting! But is it useful to help me keep fit? M: Sure. When you finish dancing, you’ll be out of breath. W: Where can I find one? M: You may go to the Friendship Store. W: Is it expensive? M: I don’t think so. It only costs $900. W: All right. I’d like to buy one. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What is the talk mainly about? A. The history of the school. B. The courses for the term. C. The plan for the day. 18. Where can the visitors learn about the subjects for new students? A. In the school hall. B. In the science labs. C. In the classrooms. 19. What can students do in the practical areas? A. Take science courses. B. Enjoy excellent meals. C. Attend workshops. 20. When are the visitors expected to ask questions? A. During the lunch hour. B. After the speech of welcome. C. Before the tour of the labs. 【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A 【解析】 【详解】Welcome to Montfort School, thank you for choosing our school and for joining the happy Montfort family, which has been educating boys since 1916. We are so happy that you have taken time off to be with us today. It is with great pleasure that we have prepared some events that we hope will please you. At 9: 00 a. m., our headmaster will give a welcome speech; this will be in the school hall. Please be seated by 8: 45 a. m.. Following the speech, it’s the guide tour of the exhibition at 9: 30; here you can see the proud history of our school and our achievements in the field of education. The exhibition is laid out in the classrooms on the2nd floor. Then the guide tour of science labs at 10:20 a. m., here you can see the subjects that new students will be studying. You will also notice that our labs have excellent equipment. At 11:00 a. m., you will be guided to the tool to practical areas. This covers our technical workshops, music, and other areas of our school life. At Montfort, we believe in all around development of our students. Lunch will be at 12: 00. It has been specially prepared for our guests. All our teachers and student leaders will be present to answer any questions that you have in your minds. We are so happy that you could be with us today. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 A If you are planning a trip, you may be wondering what might be in your line of travel when it comes to unique buildings. There are some unusual, unique buildings you should put on your travel bucket list. Capital Gate—Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Capital Gate is one of the tallest buildings in Abu Dhabi. According to the Guinness World Records, Capital Gate is the world’s farthest leaning, man-made tower. The structure leans at an 18 degree angle, and intentionally so. This is a lean about 5 times greater than the Leaning Tower of Pisa. Svalbard Global Seed Vault—Longyearbyen, Norway Nothing grand or stunning(令人震惊的)about this structure, from a visual perspective. But, in some ways, the future of civilization may depend on the work done at the Svalbard Global Seed Vault. The Svalbard Global Seed Vault is designed to store millions of different types of seeds for the replanting ofvarious crops in the event of any number of major global disasters. The building comes complete with blast- proof doors, airlocks, and motion sensors. Palace of the Parliament—Bucharest, Romania The Palace of the Parliament is the second largest administrative building on the planet. Indeed, it is so big that it can be seen from space. The structure was commissioned by the last communist dictator to rule in Romania.A fraction of the building is in use today, most of it sitting idle. Lotus Temple—Delhi, India If in India,a visitor interested in building and architecture should also check out the Lotus Temple in Delhi. The Lotus Temple is indeed designed to mimic the appearance of the flower. The Lotus Temple is a Bahai house of worship completed in 1986. 21. What can we learn about Capital Gate? A. It is the only tower in Abu Dhabi. B. It’s the farthest leaning tower built by man. C. It is as famous as the Leaning Tower of Pisa. D. It’s the tallest building in United Arab Emirates. 22. What is unique about Svalbard Global Seed Vault? A. Its function. B. Its height. C Its size. D. Its appearance. 23. Which of the following is said to be seen from space? A. Capital Gate. B. Lotus Temple. C. Palace of the Parliament. D. Svalbard Global Seed Vault. 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。如果你正在计划旅行，你可能想知道在旅行路线中有哪些独特的建筑。文章列举了一些可以列入旅行清单的独特建筑。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Capital Gate—Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates部分中的第二句“According to the Guinness World Records, Capital Gate is the world’s farthest leaning, man-made tower. (根据吉尼斯世界纪录，首都门是世界上倾斜最远的人造塔。)”可知，首都之门是世界上最倾斜的人造塔。故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Svalbard Global Seed Vault—Longyearbyen, Norway部分中的第三句“The Svalbard Global Seed Vault is designed to store millions of different types of seeds for the replanting of various crops in the event of any number of major global disasters. (斯瓦尔巴群岛全球种子库旨在储存数百万种不同类型的种子，以便在任何重大的全球灾害发生时重新种植各种作物。)”可知，斯瓦尔巴全球种子库的独特之处在于它的功能。故选A。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Palace of the Parliament—Bucharest, Romania部分中的第二句“Indeed, it is so big that it can be seen from space. (事实上，它是如此之大，以至于从太空都能看到。)”可知，该建筑从太空也能看到。故选C。 B When we talk about robots, we may immediately think of sci-fi-inspired humanoid machines. While they primarily remain mythical (神话的), there are numerous more types of robots in use today. Robots differ from other machines in how they interact with the world. They have the ability to change their surroundings and respond to the world around them based on their actions. Yet, as we’ve seen, they’re not yet good for all areas of life. Will this, however, change in the future? By the mid-2030s, business network PwC expects that robots will have automated up to 30% of occupations. According to some projections, the global stock of robots might reach 20 million by 2030, with automated labor displacing (替换) up to 51 million people in the next ten years. While robots are unlikely to take over the world, we may expect to see more of them in our everyday lives. Robots are transforming the world by assisting people in performing tasks more efficiently and in ways that were previously impossible. Robots help with disaster response, improve physical abilities, serve in sectors that require human connection, and permit exploration beyond Earth’s borders. Robots are having a generally positive impact on the globe. They may be replacing some human employment, but they also improve efficiency, which improves economic activity, which in turn creates more opportunities for humans to develop new ways to earn money. Machines and robots with the ability to learn could have an even wider range of behooves. Robots that can adapt to their surroundings, learn new procedures, and change their behavior in the future will be better suitable for more complicated activities. Robots have the potential to improve our lives in the long run. They may be able to improve healthcare and make transportation more efficient, in addition to shouldering the strain of physically demanding or repetitive work. 24. What makes robots different from other machines? A. The way they respond to the world. B. The surroundings they can adapt to. C. The diversity of their types and effects. D. The important role they play in the world. 25. How does the author develop the second paragraph? A. By making comparisons. B. By analyzing the reasons. C. By listing figures. D. By giving different opinions. 26. Which of the following may the author agree with about the future of robots? A. They will help humans earn more money. B. They can free humans from housework completely. C. They will take over most areas of people’s future life. D. They may do more good than harm to humans’ future. 27. What does the underlined word “behooves” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Origins. B. Applications. C. Choices. D. Challenges. 【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人未来的发展和对人类生活产生的影响。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Robots differ from other machines in how they interact with the world. They have the ability to change their surroundings and respond to the world around them based on their actions.”（机器人与其他机器的不同之处在于它们与世界的互动方式。他们有能力改变周围的环境，并根据自己的行动对周围的世界做出反应。）可知，机器人与其他机器的不同之处在于它们与世界的互动方式，他们可以根据自己的行动对周围的世界做出反应，由此可知，机器人与其他机器的不同之处在于他们对世界做出反应的方式。故选A项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“By the mid-2030s, business network PwC expects that robots will have automated up to 30% of occupations. According to some projections, the global stock of robots might reach 20 million by 2030, with automated labor displacing (替换) up to 51 million people in the next ten years.”（到21世纪30年代中期，商业网络PwC预计机器人将自动化多达30%的职业。根据一些预测，到2030年，全球机器人库存可能达到2000万台，未来十年自动化劳动力将取代高达5100万人。）可知，作者在第二段中通过列举“30%”，“20 million”和“51 million”等具体数字，告诉我们未来机器人的发展趋势，由此可知，作者是通过列出数字来发展第二段的。故选C项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Robots are having a generally positive impact on the globe. They may be replacing some human employment, but they also improve efficiency, which improves economic activity, which in turn creates more opportunities for humans to develop new ways to earn money.”（机器人正在对全球产生普遍地积极影响。它们可能会取代一些人类就业，但也会提高效率，从而改善经济活动，进而为人类创造更多机会，开发新的赚钱方式。）可知，作者认为机器人正在对全球产生普遍地积极影响，虽然它们可能会取代一些人类就业，但同时会提高效率，从而改善经济活动，进而为人类创造更多机会，对人类未来的生活利大于弊，由此可推断出，关于机器人的未来，作者可能同意它们对人类的未来可能利大于弊。故选D项。 【27题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线单词下文“They may be able to improve healthcare and make transportation more efficient, in addition to shouldering the strain of physically demanding or repetitive work.”（除了承担体力劳动或重复性工作的压力外，它们还可以改善医疗保健，提高交通效率。）可知，下文主要介绍了机器人在我们未生活中更广泛的应用，由此可知，画线单词所在句指的是具有学习能力的机器和机器人可能有更广泛的应用，“Applications”意为“应用”，能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选B项。 C Our city is in a sorry state. Outdoor pollution kills 4.2 million people a year, according to the World Health Organization. Concrete and tarmac (柏油碎石材料) absorb the sun’s rays rather than reflecting them back into space, and also replace plants which would otherwise cool things down. The continuous spread of buildings and roads thus turns urban areas into heat islands, discomforting residents and worsening dangerous heatwaves. A possible answer is trees. Their leaves may destroy at least some chemical pollutants (污染物) and provide shade. In 2019, researchers at the University of Wisconsin found that American cities need 40% tree coverage to cut urban heat back meaningfully. Unfortunately, not all cities — and especially not those springing up in the world’s poor countries — are blessed with parks, private gardens or even street trees in sufficient numbers. Miyawaki Akira, a plant ecologist at Yorkhama National University, in Japan, has developed a new way to increase unban greening. It is to plant miniature simulacra (微型仿制品) of natural forests in the unpromising abandoned areas. Dr Miyawaki has organised the planting of more than 1, 500 of these miniature forests, first in Japan, then in other parts of the world. Others are following in his footsteps. India is particularly keen. In Mumbai, more than 200,000 trees are found in Miyawaki forests throughout the city. Hyderabad started growing the largest individual forest of the lot in 2020. The Miyawaki method will never work out on a large scale. Relying on nature and the passage of time is probably the best for replanting extensive areas of damaged woodlands. But if your goal is to better your immediate neighborhood, rather than to save the planet from global warming, then Dr. Miyawaki might well be your man. 28. What do we know from Paragraph 1? A. Plants are replaced to cool things down. B. Urban areas are becoming pollution hotspots. C. Buildings and roads make residents comfortable. D. Concrete and tarmac reflect heat back into space. 29. What does the research in 2019 imply? A. Plants provide shade for urban residents. B. Tree coverage needs to be further expanded. C. The situation in urban areas gets steadily worse. D. Trees cut down chemical pollution from factories. 30. What can we learn about the Miyawaki method? A. It originated from India. B. It takes effect as expected. C. It makes no difference to Mumbai. D. It is finding increasing favour. 31. What is the passage mainly about? A. A practical strategy to save our planet. B. A flexible schedule to settle a challenge. C. A partial solution to the lack of urban greening. D. An effective measure to prevent global warming. 【答案】28 B 29. B 30. D 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了植物生态学家宫崎明开发了一种增加城市绿化的新方法——种植微型模拟天然林，但此方法不适用于大规模的重新造林，所以微型模拟天然林只能部分解决城市绿化不足的问题。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Our city is in a sorry state. Outdoor pollution kills 4. 2 million people a year, according to the World Health Organization. Concrete and tarmac (柏油碎石材料) absorb the sun’s rays rather than reflecting them back into space, and also replace plants which would otherwise cool things down. The continuous spread of buildings and roads thus turns urban areas into heat islands, discomforting residents and worsening dangerous heatwaves.(我们的城市状况很糟糕。根据世界卫生组织的数据，室外污染每年导致420万人死亡。混凝土和柏油路面吸收太阳光而不是将其反射回太空，同时也取代了原本可以降温的植物。建筑物和道路的不断扩张使城市地区变成了热岛，使居民感到不安，并加剧了危险的热浪。)”可知，城市地区正在成为污染热点。故选B。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“In 2019, researchers at the University of Wisconsin found that American cities need 40% tree coverage to cut urban heat back meaningfully. Unfortunately, not all cities- and especially not those springing up in the world’s poor countries-are blessed with parks, private gardens or even street trees in sufficient numbers. (2019年，威斯康星大学的研究人员发现，美国城市需要40%的树木覆盖率才能有效地减少城市热量。不幸的是，并不是所有的城市——尤其是那些在世界上贫穷国家兴起的城市——都有幸拥有足够数量的公园、私人花园甚至行道树。)”可推断，森林覆盖率需要进一步扩大。故选B。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Dr Miyawaki has organised the planting of more than 1, 500 of these miniature forests, first in Japan, then in other parts of the world. Others are following in his footsteps. India is particularly keen. In Mumbai, more than 200,000 trees are found in Miyawaki forests throughout the city. Hyderabad started growing the largest individual forest of the lot in 2020. (宫崎博士已经组织种植了超过1500个这样的微型森林，首先在日本，然后在世界其他地方。其他人也在追随他的脚步。印度尤其热衷于此。在孟买，整个城市的宫崎森林里有20多万棵树。2020年，海德拉巴开始种植该地区最大的单个森林。)”可推断，这个方法受到越来越多的青睐。故选D。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Miyawaki Akira, a plant ecologist at Yorkhama National University, in Japan, has developed a new way to increase unban greening.(日本约克马国立大学的植物生态学家宫崎明(Miyawaki Akira)开发了一种增加城市绿化的新方法。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了植物生态学家宫崎明开发了一种增加城市绿化的新方法——种植微型模拟天然林，但此方法不适用于大规模的重新造林，所以微型模拟天然林只能部分解决城市绿化不足的问题。故选C。 D Corals (珊瑚) are often described as undersea forests, but they are declining far more quickly than the Amazon. The coral reefs (礁) are likely to be among the first ecosystems to be wiped out by climate change. A temperature rise of just 1 to 2℃ can lead to the death of the algae (海藻) upon which corals depend, draining them of color and making the structure more fragile. These bleaching (脱色) events can be temporary if waters cool, but the more frequent they are and the longer they last, the greater the risk of damage is. But that’s exactly what is happening. Bleaching was first observed in 1983. It was seen on a global level in 1998, then 2010, and then from 2015 to 2017. Most available scientific evidence tells us that unless we do something to limit warming to 1.5℃, we will lose 99% of the world’s coral reefs in coming decades. But there are other threats beyond warming. Off the Philippine island of Palawan, its old reefs have been badly damaged by dirty water from the tourist holiday center, pollution from boats and overfishing. The area ought to be a shelter because it’s one of the ocean regions most bearable to climate change. “Even here, we are losing our corals,” said David Obura, chair of the Global Specialist Group in the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. “We need to reduce stress from overfishing, coastal development, pollution and tourism.” “I’m a generation of scientists watching them disappear. It’s very depressing,” Obura said. “Above 1.5℃, in about 50 years, they will be a treasure of historic movies and pictures, but very little to see in real life. Children born today may be the last generation to see coral reefs in all their glory.” 32. How does the rising temperature affect corals? A. By damaging the algae. B. By darkening their color. C. By cutting their food resources D. By changing their structures temporarily. 33. What happened after 2015 according to the text? A. Bleaching first became a global issue. B The ocean’s temperature went up steadily. C. We lost 99% of the world’s coral reefs. D. World-wide coral bleaching lasted longer. 34. What factor that threatens corals is stressed in Paragraph 3? A. Illegal fishing. B. Climate change. C. Ocean pollution. D. Global warming. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Philippine’s coral reefs are under threat. B. Experts’ great concern on global warming. C. Record our undersea forests before it is too late D. The next generation may never see the beauty of coral reefs 【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了因为气候，污染等因素的影响导致珊瑚礁即将消失的问题。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A temperature rise of just 1 to 2℃ can lead to the death of the algae (海藻) upon which corals depend, draining them of color and making the structure more fragile.”可知，温度只升高1到2℃就会导致珊瑚依赖的藻类死亡，使它们的颜色消退，结构更脆弱。由此可知，温度上升是通过损害藻类而影响珊瑚的。故A选项正确。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These bleaching (脱色) events can be temporary if waters cool, but the more frequent they are and the longer they last, the greater the risk of damage is. But that’s exactly what is happening. Bleaching was first observed in 1983. It was seen on a global level in 1998, then 2010, and then from 2015 to 2017.” 可知，“脱色”事件在水冷却的情况下可能是暂时的，但其频率越频繁，持续时间越长，损坏的风险越大。但这正是正在发生的事情。“脱色”于1983年首次被观察到。在1998年、2010年、2015年到2017年在全球范围内出现“脱色”现象。由此可知，2015年之后，全世界范围的珊瑚“脱色”情况持续的时间越来越长，发生频率越来越高。故D选项正确。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“its old reefs have been badly damaged by dirty water from the tourist holiday center, pollution from boats and overfishing”可知，菲律宾的旧珊瑚礁因旅游度假中心的污水、船只的污染和过度捕捞而受到严重破坏。因此，结合选项，海洋污染符合题意。故C选项正确。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。第一段提出：珊瑚礁可能是受气候变化影响的第一生态系统之一。第二段和第三段分析了影响珊瑚礁的一些因素。第四段进一步强调：大约50年后，珊瑚礁将成为历史电影和图片的珍宝，但在现实生活中却很少能看到。今天出生的孩子可能是最后一代看到珊瑚礁的人。由此可知，整篇文章主要突出了珊瑚礁濒临消失，导致我们的下一代再也见不到美丽的珊瑚礁了。故D选项切题。 【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。此时，要注意一些转折词，如but, yet, however, although, in spite of, by contrast, on the contrary等。当文章中表示相反的观点时，往往用到这些词。答题时要弄清哪个是作者的观点，排除迷惑性信息，准确归纳主旨大意。例如在第四小题中，考生可以根据第一段的最后一句，第二段和第三段的首句，第四段的最后一句概括出文章的中心。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选山可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I’m a hiker — “born to hike”. It does my heart and soul good to take a pack and head out on a trail (小路), especially when I’m alone and can let my mind wander where it will. ____36____. Hiking keeps your brain sharper than many other forms of exercise. As a professional writer, although I am busy with my work, I often spare some time to hike.____37____. ____38____. Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress. But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere and give you the happiness that you can take from nature. Hiking can increase our creativity. I’m sure I’m not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions.____39____Sometimes, ideas relevant to music come up from unconscious places when I’m not deliberately thinking. Hiking helps strengthen a positive relationship with the natural world. Besides being good for us, hiking may also help the world around us. After all, if we stick to walking and covering longer distances, we could use cars less and reduce our carbon footprint. ____40____. For example, it increases our connection to nature. As one study suggests, when we have a personal connection to nature, we are more likely to want to protect it. That means experiences in nature — like hiking — can be mutually (相互地) beneficial, helping people and the earth. So, grab a water bottle, a backpack... and head out on the trail.You won’t be sorry you did. A. Hiking helps to keep you calm and happy B. Beyond that, hiking benefits our planet indirectly C. Following are the benefits you can get from hiking D. In fact, I’ve written many of my songs while hiking on a trail E. It’s easy for me to come up with creative ideas while sitting alone F. It not just makes me feel good, but also helps me keep the brain in top shape G. This all goes to show that hiking maybe one of the best ways to move your body 【答案】36. C 37. F 38. A 39. D 40. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了一些徒步旅行的好处。 【36题详解】 根据上文“I’m a hiker — “born to hike”. It does my heart and soul good to take a pack and head out on a trail (小路), especially when I’m alone and can let my mind wander where it will.(我是一名徒步旅行者——“生来就是为徒步而生的”。带着背包去远足对我的身心都有好处，尤其是当我一个人的时候，我可以让我的思想在任何地方漫游)”以及后文“Hiking keeps your brain sharper than many other forms of exercise.(徒步旅行比许多其他形式的运动都能让你的大脑更敏锐)”可知，本句总起下文，指出徒步旅行具有好处。故C选项“以下是徒步旅行的好处”符合语境，故选C。 【37题详解】 根据上文“Hiking keeps your brain sharper than many other forms of exercise. As a professional writer, although I am busy with my work, I often spare some time to hike.(徒步旅行比许多其他形式的运动都能让你的大脑更敏锐。作为一名职业作家，虽然我工作很忙，但我经常抽出时间去远足)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文说明徒步旅行带给作者的好处。故F选项“它不仅让我感觉很好，而且还帮助我保持大脑处于最佳状态”符合语境，故选F。 【38题详解】 根据后文“Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress. But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere and give you the happiness that you can take from nature.(总的来说，锻炼是减轻压力的好方法。但徒步旅行与其他形式的运动不同之处在于，徒步旅行几乎可以在任何地方进行，并能给你从大自然中获得的快乐)”可知，本段的主旨是徒步可以带来快乐。故A选项“徒步旅行能让你保持冷静和快乐”符合语境，故选A。 【39题详解】 根据上文“Hiking can increase our creativity. I’m sure I’m not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions.(徒步旅行可以增加我们的创造力。我相信我不是唯一一个发现在大自然中散步可以让我的思想自由地朝着创造性的方向漫游的人)”以及后文“Sometimes, ideas relevant to music come up from unconscious places when I’m not deliberately thinking.(有时，与音乐相关的想法会在我没有刻意思考的时候从无意识的地方冒出来)”可知，本句具体举例说明徒步旅行让作者有了音乐方面的启发。故D选项“事实上，我的很多歌都是在徒步旅行时写的”符合语境，故选D。 【40题详解】 根据后文“For example, it increases our connection to nature. As one study suggests, when we have a personal connection to nature, we are more likely to want to protect it.(例如，它增加了我们与自然联系。正如一项研究表明的那样，当我们与自然有个人联系时，我们更有可能想要保护它)”可知，本句是在说明徒步让我们与自然有了关联，从而想要保护它，对地球有益。故B选项“除此之外，徒步旅行间接地有益于我们的星球”符合语境，故选B。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Ada Lovelace was the daughter of a romantic poet, Lord Byron. She earned her place in history as the first computer ____41____ —a full century before today’s computers ____42____. And she became an idol(偶像)for women in ____43____ industry today. She couldn’t have done it without British mathematician Charles Babbage. Their ____44____ started in the early 1830s. Babbage had ____45____ plans for a detailed and complicated machine he called the Difference Engine—actually, a giant mechanical calculator. In the middle of his work on it, Ada ____46____ Babbage at a party. It was mathematical ____47____ at first sight. The two struck up a working relationship and eventual close friendship that would ____48____ until Ada’s death. Babbage used his Difference Engine to brainstorm a new Analytical Engine. He then ____49____ an incomplete prototype(雏形)of this machine. Ada saw that engine’s true _____50_____. The Analytical Engine was more than a calculator. When the user _____51_____ its commands, the engine could _____52_____ nearly any mathematical task ordered. Ada even wrote instructions for _____53_____ a complicated math problem. Many historians would later consider those as the first computer program and Ada as the first programmer. The second Tuesday in October has become Ada Lovelace Day, on which the _____54_____ of women to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics are_____55_____. 41. A. tutor B. saleswoman C. programmer D. accountant 42. A. broke down B. came out C. died out D. showed off 43. A. computer B. tourist C. vehicle D. agriculture 44. A. settlement B. conflict C. argument D. cooperation 45. A. shut down B. slowed down C. followed up D. drawn up 46. A. inquired B. met C. criticized D. accepted 47. A. love B. mistake C. problem D. addiction 48. A. form B. last C. matter D. count 49. A. bought B. restored C. represented D. showed 50. A. context B. potential C. bonus D. damage 51. A. obeyed B. stopped C. needed D. sent 52. A. perform B. input C. quit D. study 53. A. discovering B. creating C. solving D. raising 54. A. beauty B. humor C. contribution D. secret 55. A. honored B. postponed C. integrated D. adopted 【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. B 49. D 50. B 51. D 52. A 53. C 54. C 55. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ada Lovelace是如何对于计算机编程做出贡献的以及她的开创性工作的影响。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她作为第一个计算机程序员在历史上赢得了一席之地——在今天的计算机出现之前整整一个世纪。A. tutor导师；B. saleswoman女售货员；C. programmer程序员；D. accountant会计。根据下文“Many historians would later consider those as the first computer program and Ada as the first programmer.”可知，艾达是一名程序员。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她作为第一个计算机程序员在历史上赢得了一席之地——在今天的计算机出现之前整整一个世纪。A. broke down分解；B. came out出现；C. died out灭绝；D. showed off炫耀。根据前文的“in history”和下文的“a full century before today’s computers”可知，在今天的计算机出现前整整一个世纪，她就已经是程序员。故选B。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她成为了当今计算机行业女性的偶像。A. computer计算机；B. tourist游客；C. vehicle车辆；D. agriculture农业。根据下文“Many historians would later consider those as the first computer program and Ada as the first programmer.”可知，Ada Lovelace是计算机行业的女性的偶像。根据故选A。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的合作在19世纪30年代早期开始的。A. settlement和解；B. conflict冲突；C. argument争论；D. cooperation合作。根据前文“She couldn’t have done it without British mathematician Charles Babbage.( 如果没有英国数学家查尔斯·巴贝奇，她不可能做到这一点。)”可知，他们开始了合作。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：巴贝奇为一台详细复杂的机器起草了计划，他称之为“差分机”——实际上是一个巨大的机械计算器。A. shut down关闭；B. slowed down减慢；C. followed up跟随；D. drawn up起草。根据下文“In the middle of his work on it”可知，巴贝奇草拟了计划，致力于它。故选D。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他工作的过程中，艾达在一次聚会上遇到了巴贝奇。A. inquired询问；B. met遇见；C. criticized批评；D. accepted接受。根据下文“The two struck up a working relationship(两人建立了工作关系)”可知，他们在一次聚会是遇见。故选B。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是数学上的一见钟情。A. love爱；B. mistake错误；C. problem问题；D. addiction入迷；嗜好。根据下文“The two struck up a working relationship and eventual close friendship that would ____8____ until Ada’s death.( 两人建立了工作关系，并最终成为亲密的朋友，一直持续到艾达去世。)”可知,对数学的爱让他们一见如故。故选A。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：两人建立了工作关系，并最终成为亲密的朋友，一直持续到艾达去世。A. form形成；B. last持续；C. matter要紧；重要；D. count计算。根据下文“The two struck up a working relationship and eventual close friendship”可知，他们成为了亲密的朋友，友谊一直持续到艾达去世。故选B。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他展示了这台机器的一个不完整的原型。A. bought买；B. restored修复；恢复；C. represented代表；D. showed展示。根据前文“Babbage used his Difference Engine to brainstorm a new Analytical Engine.( 巴贝奇用他的差分机头脑风暴出了一台新的分析机。)”可知，他把机器的出行给艾达看。故选D。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾达看到了这台机器的真正潜力。A. context上下文；B. potential潜力；可能性；C. bonus奖金；津贴；D. damage毁坏；损害。根据下文“The Analytical Engine was more than a calculator.(这台分析机不仅仅是一台计算器。)”可知，这台机器潜力很大。故选B。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当用户发出命令时，这台机器几乎可以执行任何命令的数学任务。A. obeyed遵守；B. stopped停止；C. needed需要；D. sent发送。寄出。根据下文“nearly any mathematical task ordered”可知，用户发出指令。故选D。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当用户发出命令时，这台引擎几乎可以执行任何命令的数学任务。A. perform执行；B. input输入；C. quit退出；D. study研究。根据下文“Ada even wrote instructions for ____13____ a complicated math problem.”可知，用户发出命令，引擎执行这些任务。故选A。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾达甚至写下了解决一道复杂数学题的说明。A. discovering发现；B. creating创造；C. solving解决；D. raising提高。根据下文“Many historians would later consider those as the first computer program and Ada as the first programmer.(许多历史学家后来认为这些是第一个计算机程序，艾达是第一个程序员。)”可知，艾达写了解决复杂的数学题的说明。故选C。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每年10月的第二个星期二被定为艾达·洛芙蕾丝日，在这一天表彰女性在科学、技术、工程和数学方面的贡献。A. beauty美丽；B. humor幽默；C. contribution贡献；D. secret秘密。根据上文讲述的艾达的事迹以及她做出的贡献和下文“of women to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics”可知，在这一天表彰女性在科学、技术、工程和数学方面的贡献。故选C。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年10月的第二个星期二被定为艾达·洛芙蕾丝日，在这一天表彰女性在科学、技术、工程和数学方面的贡献。A. honored给以……荣誉；B. postponed延期；C. integrated合并；D. adopted收养。根据上文“The second Tuesday in October has become Ada Lovelace Day”可知，10月的第二个星期二被定为艾达·洛芙蕾丝日，是为了纪念艾达，并表彰女性对科学，技术，工程和数学的贡献。故选A。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 So rapidly does the technology develop that no one can predict what may happen tomorrow. The number of 5G users in China has reached 20 percent, which leaves the people in the world ____56____ (amaze). In China, operators are quick to provide continuous nationwide coverage, ____57____ (ensure) users a consistent experience. They also offer flexible service packages, which delivers a beneficial result for both users and ____58____ (they). High-quality 5G networks ____59____ (drive) rapid growth of mobile data traffic so far, according to Ding Yun, Huawei's executive director and president of its carrier business group. ____60____ is estimated, the average data traffic per user per month will reach 600 GB by 2030. The energy consumption of wireless networks will ____61____ (definite) increase a lot if energy efficiency of existing networks remains unchanged. However, ____62____ has been confirmed is that Huawei has offered a comprehensive range of products and measures that address the power consumption issues of wireless networks. Huawei has already employed low-carbon ____63____ (strategy) in more than 100 countries, including Saudi Arabia, Greece, Pakistan and Switzerland, helping operators reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 40 million tons. As ____64____ important player in the communications industry, Huawei will continue to put green development at the center of everything it does and develop innovative ways to build ____65____ (green) 5G networks worldwide than before. 【答案】56. amazed 57. ensuring 58. themselves 59. have driven 60. As 61. definitely 62. what 63. strategies 64. an 65. greener 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作为通信行业的重要参与者，华为将继续把绿色发展作为一切工作的中心，并开发创新方式，在全球范围内建设比以往更绿色的5G网络。 【56题详解】 考查形容词。句意：中国的5G用户数量已经达到20%，这让全世界的人都感到惊讶。分析句子可知，设空处应用形容词作people的宾补，形容词为的结尾的形容词。故填amazed。 【57题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国，运营商迅速在全国范围内提供持续覆盖，确保用户获得一致的体验。分析句子可知，ensure与主语operators 之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，因此空处应用现在分词ensuring。故填ensuring。 【58题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：他们还提供灵活的服务包，这对用户和他们自己都有好处。分析句子可知，设空处作介词for的宾语，且主语和宾语为同一群人，结合提示词可知空处应为themselves。故填themselves。 【59题详解】 考查时态。句意：华为运营商业务集团执行董事兼总裁丁云表示，迄今为止，高质量的5G网络驱动了移动数据流量的快速增长。根据句中的时间状语so far可知，设空处应用现在完成时，主语是high-quality 5G networks，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填have driven。 【60题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：据估计，到2030年，每个用户每月的平均数据流量将达到600 GB。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指代后面整个句子，且根据句意，空格处含有“正如”的意思，因此需用关系代词as引导。置于句首，首字母大写。故填As。 【61题详解】 考查副词。句意：如果现有网络的能源效率保持不变，无线网络的能源消耗肯定会增加很多分析句子可知，设空处作状语，应用副词修饰动词increase。故填definitely。 【62题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：然而，已经确认的是，华为已经提供了一系列全面的产品和措施，以解决无线网络的功耗问题。分析句子可知，此处为主语从句，在从句中作主语，应用what来引导。故填what。 【63题详解】 考查名词。句意：华为已经在沙特阿拉伯、希腊、巴基斯坦和瑞士等100多个国家实施了低碳战略，帮助运营商减少了4000万吨二氧化碳排放。根据语境可知，strategy在此处意为“策略”，是可数名词；再根据设空前无冠词可知，此处应填其复数形式。故填strategies。 【64题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：作为通信行业的重要参与者，华为将继续把绿色发展作为一切工作的中心，并开发创新方式，在全球范围内建设比以往更绿色的5G网络。根据空后的important player可知，此处表示泛指，且important以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【65题详解】 考查形容词的比较级。句意：作为通信行业的重要参与者，华为将继续把绿色发展作为一切工作的中心，并开发创新方式，在全球范围内建设比以往更绿色的5G网络。根据空后的than before可知，设空处应用形容词的比较级。故填greener。 第四部分 写作 （共两节, 满分40分） 第一节 (满分15分) 66. 你校英文报的Life专栏正在征稿。请你以“Ways to Live a Healthy Life”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 健康生活的途径；2. 健康生活的意义。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Ways to Live a Healthy Life ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Ways to Live a Healthy Life Life is beautiful. We can never take our health for granted since happiness, first of all, lies in health. Here are some tips on how to live a healthy life. First, drink enough water every day, which is essential for our bodies to function well. Second, exercise whenever possible. Daily exercise brings benefits to our health, such as lowering the risk of disease. Besides, getting rid of junk food, developing a balanced diet and keeping a positive attitude all contribute to a healthy life. All in all, take small steps and you’ll never regret it. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生以“Ways to Live a Healthy Life”为题向校英文报的Life专栏投稿，内容包括：1. 健康生活的途径；2. 健康生活的意义。 【详解】1.词汇积累 在于：lie in→ consist in 必要的：essential→vital 降低：lower→ reduce 摆脱：get rid of→remove 导致：contribute to→ lead to/result in 2.句式拓展 陈述句变倒装句 原句：We can never take our health for granted since happiness, first of all, lies in health. 拓展句：Never can we take our health for granted since happiness, first of all, lies in health. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We can never take our health for granted since happiness, first of all, lies in health.（运用了since引导的原因状语从句） 【高分句型2】First, drink enough water every day, which is essential for our bodies to function well.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节读后续写(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As soon as his workday ended, Jordan rushed out of the office. He drove his car to the nearest supermarket to prepare for his mother’s surprise birthday party that evening. Unfortunately for Jordan, it was Friday and the parking lot was packed with shoppers. He had to drive around looking for a space to park. After nearly 20 minutes, he noticed a space, but that was specially used for unloading goods. He hesitated for a while, but thinking shopping would take him just a few minutes, he parked his car there and rushed into the supermarket. He hurried down the aisles (过道), checking the shopping list his sister had messaged him. Soon Jordan had almost everything. Now he just needed to pick out a birthday cake. “Just a few minutes more, ” he repeated these words in his mind several times as he sped down the target aisle. But when he got there, there was a long line of people wanting to buy cakes or cookies. He was getting more and more anxious, and began to regret not ordering a cake the day before. Half an hour later, it was finally his turn. He asked for a chocolate cake, and carefully placed it in the cart. Now he could go! Jordan raced towards the nearest till (收款处).“Oh, I really have good luck!” he thought. “There’s no one there! ” However, out of the corner of his eye, he saw someone approaching the till ahead of him. It was a young woman. Thinking he would surely be late if he failed to check out before the woman, he decided to take action. He pushed his shopping cart forward and narrowly missed hitting her. “Hey! ” the woman cried. “Be careful. You could have hurt me! Jordan felt embarrassed, but he pretended not to hear. He quickly paid for all his goods and rushed out of the supermarket, leaving the woman staring at him from behind. He looked at his watch and imagined that he would make it with good luck. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150(左右) 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When returning to the parking lot, Jordan found his car was gone. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Jordan felt surprised that the woman should give him a lift. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: When returning to the parking lot, Jordan found his car was gone. It turned out that his car had been taken away for not being properly parked. He sat heavily on the ground, feeling extremely frustrated. Just then he heard someone asking softly, “Are you alright?” Jordan looked up. It was that young woman! He was very embarrassed, not knowing what to say, but the woman kept asking kindly. Therefore, Jordan told her the whole story. She comforted him and offered to take him to his mother’s home. Jordan felt surprised that the women should give him a lift. “I am so sorry! I almost hit you just now!” Jordan said. “Just forget it! You were in a hurry.” the woman said understandingly with a smile. Hearing that, Jordan deeply regretted what he had done. Thanks to the woman, Jordan arrived at his mother’s home on time for the party, which enabled his mother to spend an unforgettable evening. Jordan was full of gratitude towards the woman who made him a better person. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了乔丹下班后很想快点早点去超市为母亲准备生日礼物，他将车临时停在了卸货的地方并在排队付款的时候撞到前面的女人，而后在准备回去的时候，车被拖走还是这个女士帮忙带回去的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当回到停车场时，乔丹发现他的车不见了。”可知，第一段可描写乔丹车不见，这个女士帮忙。 ②由第二段首句内容“乔丹对那位女士让他搭车感到惊讶。”可知，第二段可描写乔丹对于这位女士很感激。 2.续写线索：沮丧——尴尬——安慰——惊讶——后悔——感激 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①安慰：comfort / give comfort to ②匆忙：in a hurry/ hurry/rush 情绪类 ①感谢：show one’s gratitude /show one’s appreciation/ /be grateful ②沮丧：frustrated/dejected/discouraged/depressed 【点睛】 [高分句型1] He was very embarrassed, not knowing what to say, but the woman kept asking kindly. （运用了现在分词作状语） [高分句型2] Thanks to the woman, Jordan arrived at his mother’s home on time for the party, which enabled his mother to spend an unforgettable evening.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null