专题02 形容词和副词-【好题汇编】五年(2020-2024)高考英语真题分类汇编(新高考专用)

专题02 形容词和副词 五年(2020-2024)高考英语真题分类汇编(新高考专用) 第一部分：形容词 考点 五年考情分布 考点1动词转化为形容词 2024新课标I卷--closed 2022浙江卷--existing; 2022浙江卷--sighted; 2022新课标I卷--astonished; 2021新课标II卷—excited。 考点2名词转化为形容词 2024新课标I卷—functional； 2023新课标I卷--tasty; 2023新课标II卷--confident; 2023浙江1月卷spacious; 2022新课标II卷--asleep; 2021新课标II卷--harmful; 2020新课标卷--wealthy; 考点3形容词比较级 2023浙江1月卷--simpler； 2021新课标I卷--hotter; 2021浙江1月卷--lower; 1. 命题趋向 1.考查动词转化为形容词。 2.考查名词转化为形容词的用法。 3.考查易混形容词的含义、搭配。 4.考查特定语境下使用形容词比较级和最高级。 2. 技巧点拨 1．看到与than连用，要想到用形容词比较级；看到形容词的比较级，要想到than。 2．看到语境中暗含的比较含义，要想到用比较级(二者之间)或最高级(三者及以上)。 3．在句子中如果是作定语、表语、宾补或表示心理状态的状语，则用形容词。 4．看到and，but，or等连词前或后用的比较等级形式，要想到用比较等级。 考点一：考查动词转化为形容词 1.(2024新课标I卷)In cold weather, the structure stays ________(close) to protect the plants. 2.(2022浙江卷)Blind people recognize shapes with their ________(exist) senses, in a way similar to that of sighted people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. 3.(2022浙江卷)Blind people recognize shapes with their existing senses, in a way similar to that of ________(sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. 4.(2022新课标I卷)Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ________(astonish). 5.(2021新课标II卷)I was so ________(excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half. 考点二：考查名词转化为形容词 6.(2024新课标I卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective ________(function) structure that is also beautiful. 7.(2023新课标I卷)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ________(taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 8.(2023新课标II卷)Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ________(confidence) speaking English. 9.(2023浙江1月卷)The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by ________(space) homes and walled gardens. 10.(2022新课标II卷)On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ________(sleep) while watching TV. 11.(2021新课标II卷)I told him how ________(harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. 12.(2020新课标卷)In the 18th and 19th centuries, ________(wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. 考点三：考查形容词比较级用法 13.(2023浙江1月卷)Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and ________(simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. 14.(2021新课标I卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ________(hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? 15.(2021浙江1月卷)This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside, including ________(low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 第二部分：副词 考点 五年考情分布 考点 形容词转化为副词 2023浙江1月卷--originally; 2023新课标II卷--Basically 2023新课标I卷--rarely 2022新课标I卷--eventually; 2022新课标II卷--accidentally; 2022浙江1月卷—roughly 2021新课标I卷--undoubtedly; 2021浙江1月卷—sharply; 1. 命题趋向 1.考查形容词变副词的规则变化和特殊变化。 2. 考查易混副词用法。 3.考查副词比较级和最高级用法。 2. 技巧点拨 1．看到与than连用，要想到用副词的比较级；看到副词的比较级，要想到than。 2．看到语境中暗含的比较含义，要想到用比较级(二者之间)或最高级(三者及以上)。 3．如果修饰整个句子、动词或形容词，则用副词。 4．看到and，but，or等连词前或后用的比较等级形式，要想到用比较等级。 考点：形容词转化为副词 1.(2023浙江1月卷)The term “hutong”, ________(original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 2.(2022新课标I卷)The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and ________(eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 3.(2022新课标II卷)When he looked down, he ________(accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. 4.(2021新课标I卷)The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ________(undoubted) help you get refreshed! 5(2021浙江1月卷)But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed ________(sharp). 6.(2023新课标II卷)So, what are they learning? ________(basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 7.(2023新课标I卷)No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ________(rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time. 8.(2022浙江1月卷)On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, ________(rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 形容词和副词 五年(2020-2024)高考英语真题分类汇编(新高考专用) 第一部分：形容词 考点 五年考情分布 考点1动词转化为形容词 2024新课标I卷--closed 2022浙江卷--existing; 2022浙江卷--sighted; 2022新课标I卷--astonished; 2021新课标II卷—excited。 考点2名词转化为形容词 2024新课标I卷—functional； 2023新课标I卷--tasty; 2023新课标II卷--confident; 2023浙江1月卷spacious; 2022新课标II卷--asleep; 2021新课标II卷--harmful; 2020新课标卷--wealthy; 考点3形容词比较级 2023浙江1月卷--simpler； 2021新课标I卷--hotter; 2021浙江1月卷--lower; 1. 命题趋向 1.考查动词转化为形容词。 2.考查名词转化为形容词的用法。 3.考查易混形容词的含义、搭配。 4.考查特定语境下使用形容词比较级和最高级。 2. 技巧点拨 1．看到与than连用，要想到用形容词比较级；看到形容词的比较级，要想到than。 2．看到语境中暗含的比较含义，要想到用比较级(二者之间)或最高级(三者及以上)。 3．在句子中如果是作定语、表语、宾补或表示心理状态的状语，则用形容词。 4．看到and，but，or等连词前或后用的比较等级形式，要想到用比较等级。 考点一：考查动词转化为形容词 1.(2024新课标I卷)In cold weather, the structure stays ________(close) to protect the plants. 答案:closed 解析:考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。 2.(2022浙江卷)Blind people recognize shapes with their ________(exist) senses, in a way similar to that of sighted people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. 答案:existing 解析:考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing作定语，修饰sense。故填existing。 3.(2022浙江卷)Blind people recognize shapes with their existing senses, in a way similar to that of ________(sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. 答案: sighted 解析: 考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted作定语修饰名词people，表示“能看见的、不盲的”。故填sighted。 4.(2022新课标I卷)Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ________(astonish). 答案: astonished 解析: 考查形容词。此处说明“us”的状态，所以用astonished。 5.(2021新课标II卷)I was so ________(excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half. 答案: excited 解析: 考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。 考点二：考查名词转化为形容词 6.(2024新课标I卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective ________(function) structure that is also beautiful. 答案: functional 解析:考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。 7.(2023新课标I卷)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ________(taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 答案：tasty 解析：考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。 8.(2023新课标II卷)Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ________(confidence) speaking English. 答案：.confident。 解析：考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。 9.(2023浙江1月卷)The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by ________(space) homes and walled gardens. 答案： spacious 解析：考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。 10.(2022新课标II卷)On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ________(sleep) while watching TV. 答案：asleep 解析：考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。 11.(2021新课标II卷)I told him how ________(harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. 答案： harmful 解析：考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。 12.(2020新课标卷)In the 18th and 19th centuries, ________(wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. 答案：wealthy 解析：考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。 考点三：考查形容词比较级用法 13.(2023浙江1月卷)Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and ________(simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. 答案：simpler 解析：考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更窄。根据句子结构和and可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。 14.(2021新课标I卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ________(hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? 答案：hotter 解析：考查形容词。此处相当于“the more..., the more...”结构，意为“越……越……”。前面用的是the colder，所以此处用the hotter。 15.(2021浙江1月卷)This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside, including ________(low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 答案：lower 解析：考查形容词比较级。此处and连接三个并列结构，形式应保持一致；由higher与fewer可知，此处应填low的比较级lower。 第二部分：副词 考点 五年考情分布 考点 形容词转化为副词 2023浙江1月卷--originally; 2023新课标II卷--Basically 2023新课标I卷--rarely 2022新课标I卷--eventually; 2022新课标II卷--accidentally; 2022浙江1月卷—roughly 2021新课标I卷--undoubtedly; 2021浙江1月卷—sharply; 1. 命题趋向 1.考查形容词变副词的规则变化和特殊变化。 2. 考查易混副词用法。 3.考查副词比较级和最高级用法。 2. 技巧点拨 1．看到与than连用，要想到用副词的比较级；看到副词的比较级，要想到than。 2．看到语境中暗含的比较含义，要想到用比较级(二者之间)或最高级(三者及以上)。 3．如果修饰整个句子、动词或形容词，则用副词。 4．看到and，but，or等连词前或后用的比较等级形式，要想到用比较等级。 考点：形容词转化为副词 1.(2023浙江1月卷)The term “hutong”, ________(original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 答案：originally 解析： 考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。 2.(2022新课标I卷)The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and ________(eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 答案：eventually 解析：考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。 3.(2022新课标II卷)When he looked down, he ________(accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. 答案：accidentally 解析：考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。 4.(2021新课标I卷)The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ________(undoubted) help you get refreshed! 答案： undoubtedly 解析：考查副词。修饰动词help，用副词形式。 5(2021浙江1月卷)But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed ________(sharp). 答案：sharply 解析：考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词had narrowed，应用副词sharply。 6.(2023新课标II卷)So, what are they learning? ________(basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 答案：Basically 解析：考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。 7.(2023新课标I卷)No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ________(rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time. 答案：rarely 解析：考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。 8.(2022浙江1月卷)On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, ________(rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 答案：roughly 解析: 考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，故填roughly。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$