精品解析：福建省福州市八县（市）协作校2023-2024学年高一下学期期末联考英语试题

null 福州市八县（市）协作校2023-2024学年第二学期期末联考 高一英语试卷 【完卷时间:120分; 满分:150分】 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does Linda refuse to go to the concert? A. She isn’t interested in it. B. She wants to rest at home. C. She hasn’t finished her homework. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Linda, I’ve managed to get a couple of tickets to a rock music concert tonight. Do you want to go? W: Sorry, Tom, but I’m not into rock music. I’ll just finish my newly-bought book at home. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Jason, how did you do in the exam? M: Not bad, I think. What about you? W: I don’t think I’ve done well in it. I was sick last week and didn’t spend any time preparing for it. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man do this afternoon? A. Do some running. B. Go swimming. C. Play basketball. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: What about going to the gym this afternoon? We can do some running there. W: Sorry. I’ll play basketball with some classmates this afternoon. M: In this case, I’ll go swimming with some friends instead. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is Michelle trying to do? A. Express her thanks. B. Give some advice. C. Invite Henry to dinner. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Henry, I heard you’re going to eat at a Chinese friend’s house this afternoon. M: That’s right. W: Well when you’re eating there with chopsticks, remember not to beat your bowls with them because it’s not good to do that. M: Thank you for telling me that, Michelle. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A joke. B. A mouse. C. A friend. 【答案】A 【解析】 原文】W: Jim, you were laughing really loudly just now. What did Jennifer just tell you? M: She told me a joke about a mouse. I haven’t heard such a funny thing for a long time. W: Wait, is it about a mouse that thinks he’s a bat (蝙蝠)? I told her. 第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Where are the speakers? A. At a cinema. B. At school. C. In a palace. 7. What are the speakers likely to do? A. Watch a movie. B. Visit a museum. C. Go back home. 【答案】6. C 7. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Where should we go next, Dave? M: I’d like to stay longer in this palace. It’s so interesting. I could spend all day here. W: I wouldn’t mind staying, but I really want to visit the National Gandhi Museum. I watched a movie at school about him. Since we’re in the capital of India now, I just have to check it out. M: Mahatma Gandhi (圣雄甘地) was a wonderful man. I’ll go with you. I’m interested in learning more about his life, too. Is the museum all about him? W: Yes, it’s about his life and work. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What is Frank usually responsible for at home? A. Doing the washing. B. Cleaning the house. C. Preparing the food. 9. What does Frank think Karen should do? A. Relax more. B. Study harder. C. Do some chores. 【答案】8. A 9. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Frank, who takes care of the chores in your family? M: Well, we’re responsible for different chores. For example, my mother prepares food for everyone. My father does the gardening, I do the laundry and my sister cleans the house. What about your your family? W: My grandmother usually cooks and my mother does the cleaning. M: Don’t you help, Karen? W: My mother said I just need to do my homework. M: Well, I do think you should also help with the chores sometimes. It can help you relax. W: I’ll give it a try sometime. You know, I don’t really like studying all the time. M: Me, either. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. How did Alan get his first car? A. He bought it himself. B. His parents gave it to him. C It was a prize from a competition. 11. What was the woman’s first job? A. A teacher. B. A salesgirl. C. A law firm clerk. 12. When did Alan start making money? A. In primary school. B. In high school. C. In college. 【答案】10. A 11. C 12. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Is this your first car, Alan? M: No. Actually, I got my first car when I was just 18 years old. W: Was it a gift from your parents? M: No, I bought the car myself. You see, I created my own website when I was in high school, and then I sold it on my 18th birthday. I made a lot of money. W: I didn’t start making money until I got my first job at a law firm after college. M: Well, I started making money when I was in primary school by selling toys to other kids. I only made a few hundred dollars. But I knew right then that I could make money, and I wanted to make more. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. How long did Mike work on his school paper? A. 3 hours. B. 2 hours. C. 1 hour. 14. What happened to the baby elephant? A. It got injured. B. It became trapped. C. It was lost. 15. What did the witness do for the baby elephant? A. He fed it. B. He saved it by himself. C. He called for help. 16. What is the woman’s attitude toward breaking the wall? A. Opposed. B. Supportive. C. Indifferent. 【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C 16. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Mike, have you finished doing research for your school paper? M: Yes. I worked on it from 8:00 am to 11:00 am. Now I’m reading some news. W: So have you read anything interesting? M: Yes. I just read about a baby elephant in a small Indian village. It fell into a well (井) nearly 30 feet deep one late afternoon. W: That was really bad. I don’t think it could get out of it by itself. M: You’re right. It wasn’t found until the following morning. But the man who found it couldn’t get the elephant out. W: So what did he do? M: He called the local forest department for help. Some people came for rescue. They broke down the brick wall of the well, and made a way for the elephant to walk on. W: I hope the elephant didn’t get hurt. M: Luckily it didn’t. But the well was damaged and needs rebuilding. W: Well, I think it’s totally worth damaging the well. After all, saving a baby elephant is very important. M: You can say that again. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Where did the speaker watch the movie? A. At her own home. B. In a friend’s bedroom. C. At the cinema. 18. Where is the movie set? A. In an inland city. B. In a beautiful village. C. In a seaside town. 19. What does Luka like doing? A. Hearing others’ stories. B. Taking adventure outdoors. C. Spending time with his families. 20. Why is the friendship threatened? A. Luka has a terrible secret. B. Luka’s new friend isn’t a real boy. C. Luka’s family has to move. 【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Good morning, everyone. Today I’d like to tell you about a movie I watched recently. I didn’t go to the cinema. Instead I watched it in my own bedroom because the movie is on Disney, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The movie is about an unlikely but strong friendship. It is set in a beautiful town near the sea on the Italian Riviera. In the town there lives one young boy called Luka. Every summer, he loves going outdoors for adventure. One day, he makes friends with a boy he has never seen before. Luka shares his adventures with his new best friend. However, all the fun is threatened by a secret. His new friend isn’t a real person. He is a sea creature from another world just below the water’s surface. If you want to find out what happens to the two friends in the end, you can watch it sometime. That’s all about the movie. Thank you. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A For visitors who are on a short weekend visit to the island Bali, here is a tip of how to get the most out of their 48-hour visit. Friday 3 pm — There is nothing like a good meal. La Lucciola at Seminyak is the place to be, with its good food, great service and a beautiful view of the sea. 5 pm — About an hour away from La Lucciola is Uluwatu. This southern tip of the island is famous for its famous temple that stands on the edge, high above the sea. The fire dance, is performed here daily at sunset. 8 pm — To finish off the evening, head to Jimbaran Bay where restaurants offer candles, local dances and a moving band of boys singing songs on request. Kick off your shoes, feel the sand, and enjoy the fresh seafood. Saturday 9:30 am — Start the day with another experience of Balinese culture by heading for a dance performance. 12 pm — Kintamani, a favourite with tourists for the panoramic (全景的) view of active volcano Mt. Batur and neighbouring crater lake. It’s a good idea to reach Kintamani early as it tends to get cloudy after 3 pm. Have lunch at a local restaurant with a view of Mt. Batur and the lake. Tourists can catch the sunrise at the Mt. Batur peak. 2:30 pm — Head back to Ubud, the seat of Bali’s fine arts, dance and music, and spend the rest of your afternoon strolling through its streets. Sunday 6 am — It’s time for a reduce in the sea — and don’t forget the camera. 10:30 am — It’s another half-day trip to two of the most famous temples in Bali. Drive down to the Taman Ayun temple at Mengwi. 12 pm — Next up is the Tanah Lot temple, perhaps the most famous of them all. Built on a rock that gets cut off from the mainland during high tide, the temple is best seen in the afternoon when it is silhouetted (显出轮廓) against the sun or at sunset. 21. From the passage, we know that the fire dance is performed . A. in Ubud B. only on weekends C. on the sea D. every day 22. Why is it better to go to Kintamani early? A. Because the view of sunrise is better than that of sunset. B. Because the weather there is not so good after mid-afternoon. C. Because the restaurants there close early in the afternoon. D. Because the volcano there is not active the afternoon. 23. Which is the best place for tourists to have a good time at night? A. Jimbaran Bay B. Mengw C. La Lucciol D. Puri Saraswat 24. When is the best time to see Tanah Lot temple? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. D. At noon. 25. Where can you see this passage? A. novel B. newspaper C. textbook D. brochure 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在巴厘岛度过短暂周末的游客应该如何充分利用他们48小时游玩的策略。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Friday部分第二段中“The fire dance, is performed here daily at sunset.(火舞，每天日落时分在这里表演。)”可知，每天日落时分都有火舞表演，故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Saturday部分第二段中“It’s a good idea to reach Kintamani early as it tends to get cloudy after 3 pm.(早点到达Kintamani是个好主意，因为下午3点以后就开始多云了。)”可知，早点去Kintamani更好，是因为下午三点以后那里的天气不太好，故选B。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Friday部分第三段中“To finish off the evening, head to Jimbaran Bay where restaurants offer candles, local dances and a moving band of boys singing songs on request. Kick off your shoes, feel the sand, and enjoy the fresh seafood.(为了结束这个夜晚，前往Jimbaran Bay，那里的餐馆提供蜡烛，当地的舞蹈，还有一个移动的男孩乐队根据要求唱歌。踢掉你的鞋子，感受沙滩，尽情享受当天的收获。)”可知，Jimbaran Bay的夜晚有很多活动，游客晚上会玩得很开心，故选A。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据Sunday部分第三段中“the temple is best seen in the afternoon when it is silhouetted (显出轮廓) against the sun or at sunset.(最好在下午的时候去参观这个寺庙，当它在太阳或者日落下显出轮廓时。)”可知，去到Tanah Lot寺庙的最好时间是下午，故选B。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“For visitors who are on a short weekend visit to the island Bali, here is a tip of how to get the most out of their 48-hour visit.(对于在巴厘岛度过短暂周末的游客，此处有一份如何充分利用48小时游玩的策略。)”可知，本篇文章主要介绍了在巴厘岛的旅游攻略，故文章应出现在旅游指南里，故选D。 B Empathy (同理心) is one of those strange qualities—something almost everyone wants, but few know how to truly give or receive it. In a world where self-satisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand. This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them. What Is Empathy? — Many people confuse sympathy and empathy, but they are two distinct values. Empathy is not just the ability to understand someone's feelings; criminals often take advantage of people by appearing to understand their feelings and finally gaining their trust. Empathy is more than that. Not only is it the ability to recognize how someone feels, but it also values and respects the feelings of another person. It means treating others with kindness, dignity, and understanding. Kids Need To See Adults Show Empathy — While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts, in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them. It begins with the way parents relate to their children. Parents who show an interest in the things that matter to their kids and respond to emotions in a positive and caring way are teaching the skill of empathy. Meet Emotional Needs —When children have their emotional needs met, two things happen. They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving, meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive. An empty jug cannot fill a cup. It's a good idea to talk to kids about emotions and how other people experience them. Give their emotions names (for example, jealousy, anger, and love) and teach them that these are normal. Talk to them about how to handle emotions in a positive way and point out situations where other people are experiencing emotions. Teach them about respecting the emotions of others and show them how to act in a situation where a response is required. 26. Why is it that the next generation are taught to have empathy? A. Because it's better to give than to receive. B. Because everyone lacks empathy. C. Because people tend to center themselves. D. Because empathy is a strange quality. 27. Which situation can empathy be used in? A. When a teacher is comforting a student about his failure in exams. B. When a mathematician is calculating the area of a farmland. C. When a criminal is cheating a victim. D. When a dancer is dancing to music. 28. What can be learnt from paragraph 3? A. Children are born with kind hearts B. Children can learn empathy by themselves. C. Children can learn empathy from seeing how their parents do that to them. D. Parents just interested in something that matter to their kids can teach their kids empathy 29. What does the underlined sentence “An empty jug cannot fill a cup” mean? A. An empty jug is too small to hold a cup. B. It's a must to talk to kids about emotions. C. Kids give empathy with their emotional needs met first. D. Adults should set an example to kids. 30. What is the main topic of the passage? A. How to distinguish sympathy and empathy. B. How to train kids to have empathy. C. How to help kids finish empathy-related tasks. D. Whether kids can be trained to be more empathetic. 【答案】26. C 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了同理心——这个当今世界稀缺的品质，对我们情感生活的重大意义，进而给出培养下一代的同理心的建议。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Empathy(同理心) is one of those strange qualities—something almost everyone wants, but few know how to truly give or receive it. In a world where self-satisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand.(同理心是最奇怪的品质之一——每个人都想拥有，但是很少有人知道如何真正给予或者接受它。在如今这个强调自我满足的世界，它是稀缺的，但同时人们对它的需求却是很大。)”可知，我们要教会下一代拥有同理心的原因，是因为如今世界的人们往往过于强调自我。故选C项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Not only is it the ability to recognize how someone feels, but it also values and respects the feelings of another person. It means treating others with kindness, dignity, and understanding.(它不仅仅是能够察觉其他人感受的能力，更需要我们重视、尊重另一个人的感受。这意味着以善意、理解对待他人，且让他有尊严。)”可知，同理心意味着察觉且尊重他人的感受，并善意地让他们感到有尊严和被爱。由此推知，老师对考试失利的学生进行宽慰，是能够理解他们失落的情绪，别善意地理解他们的感受。故选A项。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Kids Need To See Adults Show Empathy—While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts, in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them. It begins with the way parents relate to their children. Parents who show an interest in the things that matter to their kids and respond to emotions in a positive and caring way are teaching the skill of empathy. (孩子需要看到成年人表现出同理心——虽然有些孩子天生善良，但在大多数情况下，孩子需要看到周围成年人的同理心。它从父母与孩子相处的方式开始。那些对孩子重要的事情表现出兴趣，并以积极和关爱的方式回应情绪的父母正在教授同理心技巧。)”可知，孩子需要看到成年人表现出同理心，孩子才能从父母那里学到产生同理心，故选C项。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段划线句前文的内容“When children have their emotional needs met, two things happen. They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving, meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive.(孩子们的情感需求得到满足时，会发生两件事。他们会学习如何满足他人的情感需求，这基于他们接受的关怀。也意味着他们有足够的安全感，能够满足他人情感需求。当然首先他们的需求要得到满足。)”可知，孩子们只有自身的情感需求得到满足，才能有余力、更好地给予他人关怀，满足其他人的情感需求。由此推知，划线部分句子的意思与“自身情感需求首先得到满足”意思接近。故选C项。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.(这就是我们为什么要教会下一代拥有对周围人们的同理心是什么意思的原因。)”和第三段“Kids Need To See Adults Show Empathy(成人们需要为孩子们言传身教，以行为告诉他们何为同理心)”和最后一段“Teach them about respecting the emotions of others and show them how to act in a situation where a response is required.(教给孩子们尊重他人的感受，照顾他们的情绪，并且告诉他们如何在需要做出回应的场合正确行为。)”可知，全文先肯定了同理心对我们情感生活的意义，并阐述如何培养孩子的同理心。故选B项。 C Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated (聚居) by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly connected groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them. Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education (义务教育), especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. At present, the world has about 6, 800 languages. The distribution (分布) of these languages is hugely irregular. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1, 000; Africa 2, 400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that. Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to dying out, with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random (随机), Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico(150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival. 31. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times? A. They had similar patterns. B. They were closely connected. C. They developed very fast. D. They were large in number. 32. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in Paragraph 2? A. Powerful. B. Modern. C. Diverse. D. Advanced. 33. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present? A. About 1,200. B. About 2,400. C. About 3,400. D. About 6,800. 34. What can be inferred from the phenomenon that the number of languages in Europe less than that in Asia? A. The population of Europe is less than that of Asia. B. The climate in Europe is milder than that in Asia. C. The climate in Asia is drier than that in Europe. D. Asia develop faster than Europe. 35. What is the main idea of the text? A. Geography determines language development. B. Human development results in fewer languages. C. New languages will be created. D. People's lifestyles are reflected in languages. 【答案】31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着人类社会的发展，世界上的语言变得越来越少。文章主要介绍了语言减少甚至灭绝的现象，并分析了其原因。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“When the world was still populated(聚居) by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly connected groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.(当世界还居住着狩猎采集者时，小的紧密联系的组织发展了他们自己的相互独立的语言模式。一些语言专家认为，一万年前，当世界上只有500万到1000万人口的时候，他们之间可能说着12000种语言)”可知，在狩猎采集时代时，语言种类在数量上是很大的，故选D。 【32题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第二段划线词dominant前文的内容“In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education(义务教育), especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear(近几个世纪以来，贸易、工业化、民族国家的发展和义务教育的普及，尤其是全球化和过去几十年更好的交流，都导致许多语言消失)”可知，划线词前文的内容提到随着社会的发展，导致了许多语言的消失，故此处划线词dominant与A项“Powerful(有力量的，占主导地位的)”意思相近，语言的发展导致了许多语言的消失，因此占优势的语言如英语、西班牙语和汉语正在日益取代它们，故选A。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“At present, the world has about 6, 800 languages.(目前，世界上大约有6800种语言)”和“The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.(说汉语的人的中位数仅为6000人，这意味着世界上一半的语言使用者都比这少)”可知，世界上的仅仅不到6000人，说的语言占到一半的世界语言，世界所有的语言大约有6800种，故6800*1/2=3400，故选C。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1, 000; Africa 2, 400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.(一般规律是，通常有很多人说，温和地区的语言相对较少，而炎热潮湿地区的语言较多。欧洲有大约200种语言；美洲有1000种；非洲有2400种；亚洲及太平洋地区可能有3200种，其中仅巴布亚新几内亚就站800多种。)”可推知，温和地区的语言相对较少，而炎热潮湿地区的语言较多，欧洲的语言数量比亚洲少，说明欧洲的气候比亚洲的气候更温和，故选B。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.(语言的产生和消失已经有几千年的历史了，但在最近的时间里，出现的语言越来越少，消失的语言却越来越多)”以及第二段中“In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education(义务教育), especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.(近几个世纪以来，贸易、工业化、民族国家的发展和义务教育的普及，尤其是全球化和过去几十年更好的交流，都导致许多语言消失，占优势的语言如英语、西班牙语和汉语正在日益取代他们。)”可知，本文主要介绍了随着人类的发展语言减少甚至灭绝的现象和原因，因此选项B“人类发展导致语言更少”符合文章标题。故选B。 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Scientific Ways to Improve Our Memory If you have trouble in remembering the date or the number, you are not the only one. ____36____However, a research study at UCLA in 2006 has shown that there are scientific ways to improve brain functions through simple lifestyle changes. Exercise regularly _____37_____ So put on your trainers, go outside and start working up a good sweat. It’s healthy for both your mind and your body. _____38_____ It’s a well-known fact eating vegetables can help keep your body healthy, and includes your brain. Various research papers state that vegetables can help lower oxidative stress in your brain as well as help retain healthy cognitive functions. Reduce stress levels Research found that intense and persistent stress, especially at high levels, can easily impair our memory and disturb our cognitive skills. _____39_____ You can do this by meditating or taking a walk. Play video games Yes, you heard us. Get on that controller and spend a couple of hours playing your favorite video game. It’s good for your mind, according to a recent study that illustrated how these pastimes can help improve the functioning of various memory-associated regions in the brain. _____40_____ A. Eat your vegetables. B. Try healthy foods. C. Hundreds of students suffer from poor memory. D. Memory is to experience reporting in the mind in the past. E. But don’t go overboard, too much of a good thing can be bad for you. F. So slow down, and ease yourself into taking it down a notch (冷静). G. Research found that leading a sedentary(久坐不动的) lifestyle can lead to memory loss. 【答案】36. C 37. G 38. A 39. F 40. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍的是提高记忆力的科学方法。 【36题详解】 根据空前“If you have trouble in remembering the date or the number, you are not the only one.(如果你在记住日期或号码方面有困难，你不是唯一一个.)”可知，记不住日期或号码的还有很多人，故C选项“Hundreds of students suffer from poor memory.(数百名学生的记忆力都很差。)”符合，承接上文，说明还有很多人记忆力不好，因此C选项承接上文。故选C。 【37题详解】 根据本段小标题 “Exercise regularly(定期锻炼)”可知，本段是讲锻炼可以提高记忆力。再结合空后“So put on your trainers, go outside and start working up a good sweat.(所以穿上运动鞋，走到户外，开始运动，让自己大汗淋漓)”推断出，空格处应提出如果不锻炼会有什么后果。故G选项“Research found that leading a sedentary(久坐不动的) lifestyle can lead to memory loss.(研究发现，久坐不动的生活方式会导致记忆力减退。)”说明了不锻炼的坏处，为下文提出锻炼的好处做好铺垫，因此G选项引起下文。故选G。 【38题详解】 根据本段内容“It’s a well-known fact eating vegetables can help keep your body healthy, and includes your brain.(众所周知，吃蔬菜可以帮助你保持身体健康，包括你的大脑)”可知，本段是要讲吃蔬菜有利于提高记忆力，故A选项“Eat your vegetables(吃你的蔬菜)”概括了吃蔬菜这个主题，可作为小标题。故选A。 【39题详解】 根据空前“Research found that intense and persistent stress, especially at high levels, can easily impair our memory and disturb our cognitive skills. (研究发现，强烈和持续的压力，尤其是高水平的压力，很容易损害我们的记忆和扰乱我们的认知技能。)”可知，由此说明，我们需要放松，要减少压力。故F选项“So slow down, and ease yourself into taking it down a notch (冷静).(所以慢下来，让自己放松下来)”承接下文，说明要放松下来，且空格后的“You can do this by meditating or taking a walk.(你可以通过冥想或散步来做到这一点。)”说明了放松的具体方法，由此F选项承上启下。故选F。 【40题详解】 根据空前“Yes, you heard us. Get on that controller and spend a couple of hours playing your favorite video game. It’s good for your mind, according to a recent study that illustrated how these pastimes can help improve the functioning of various memory-associated regions in the brain.(是的，你听到了。打开控制器，花几个小时玩你最喜欢的电子游戏。最近的一项研究表明，这些娱乐活动可以帮助改善大脑中与记忆相关的各个区域的功能，这对你的大脑有好处)”，这说明了打电子游戏有利于提高记忆力，但是根据常识，打电子游戏太多是不好的，E选项“But don’t go overboard, too much of a good thing can be bad for you.(但不要太过头，好事过了头可能对你有害。)”强调了不要打太多电子游戏，由此E选项承接上文。故选E。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分 15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In July, I went to New York on business. My schedule was tight and was under great stress. I just wanted to ___41___ and breathe in some fresh air. Suddenly something ___42___ my mind. I was always eager to ___43___ on the Greek island of Santorini, admiring its white buildings, and the blue water surrounding it. Thus, the idea of taking a two-week European trip ___44___ was born. It was something I had ___45___ thought I'd be planning this soon in my life. I had always thought, if it did ever happen, it would be when I was ____46____ and old, free from the workload. I would lie if I said I wasn't ___47___. I'd driven alone across the US before, but traveling to other countries whose ___48___ weren't the same as mine terrified me. I was worried that I wouldn't be able to communicate with anyone. ___49___ it occurred to me that I had to ____50____my comfort zone if I wanted to follow my dreams. And if I let ____51____ get in the way, I'd never get anywhere. ____52____ I searched for other places to visit on my trip, I found Mykonos, Greece, which I liked just as much as I liked Santorini. When I arrived, it was like I was inside a dream. I couldn't ____53____ what I was seeing and experiencing. The best part was the bus ride to Little Venice. Riding on the bus and staring at every ____54____ thing I saw, I couldn't help feeling I had ____55____ another dimension of life. I was having the time of my life. 41. A. stay in B. go back C. carry on D. get away 42. A. crossed B. drove C. changed D. shocked 43. A. hide B. serve C. wander D. settle 44. A. cautiously B. alone C. again D. aimlessly 45. A. once B. already C. never D. often 46. A. bored B. retired C. dull D. lonely 47. A. scared B. excited C. disappointed D. puzzled 48. A. values B. cultures C. languages D. customs 49. A. But B. So C. Or D. Thus 50. A. establish B. find C. step out of D. go back to 51. A. fear B. money C. danger D. communication 52. A. Before B. As C. Since D. Until 53. A. tolerate B. believe C. ignore D. explain 54. A. rare B. traditional C. familiar D. new 55. A. created B. predicted C. escaped D. discovered 【答案】41. D 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. A 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. B 54. D 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议的文章，文章讲述了自己克服沟通障碍，独自去其他国家旅行，实现了自己的梦想的经历，发现了生活的另一面。 【41题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我只想离开这里，出去呼吸新鲜空气。A. stay in待在；B. go back回去；C. carry on继续；D. get away离开。根据前文“My schedule was tight and was under great stress.”可知，我的日程安排很紧，压力很大，因此我想要离开，出去呼吸新鲜空气，故选D。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：忽然有个念头穿过我的脑海。A. crossed穿过；B. drove驾驶；C. changed改变；D. shocked震惊。根据后文“Thus, the idea of taking a two-week European trip ___4___ was born.”可知，两周的欧洲之行诞生了，故此处指忽然有个念头穿过我的脑海，故选A。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直都想在希腊的Santorini岛上漫步，欣赏它白色的建筑以及周围的海水。A. hide躲藏；B. serve服务；C. wander漫步；D. settle解决。根据后文“admiring its white buildings”可知，欣赏它白色的建筑，因此是在在希腊的Santorini岛上漫步，故选C。 【44题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：自此我就有了独自去欧洲游览两周的想法。A. cautiously谨慎地；B. alone单独地；C. again再一次；D. aimlessly漫无目的地。根据后文“I'd driven alone across the US before”可知，我曾经独自开车跨越过美国，故此处指自此我就有了独自去欧洲游览两周的想法，故选B。 【45题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是我从未想过这么早就计划的事情。A. once曾经；B. already已经；C. never绝不，从未；D. often经常。根据后文“if it did ever happen”可知，后文提到如果要发生的话，故此处指我从未想过自己会这么早就计划这种事情，故选C。 【46题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果要发生的话，我一直以为它只会在我年迈、退休、没有工作时发生。A. bored无聊的；B. retired退休的；C. dull无聊的，枯燥的；D. lonely孤独的。根据后文“and old, free from the workload.”可知，后文提到年迈的，没有工作的时候，故此处指退休的时候，故选B。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。A. scared害怕的；B. excited激动的；C. disappointed失望的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据后文“but traveling to other countries whose ___8___ weren't the same as mine terrified me.”可知，到另一个语言不同的国家去旅行会让我感到害怕，故此处指要说自己不害怕，那肯定是在撒谎，故选A。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾经独自开车去过美国，但去到一些语言不通的其他国家却让我感到害怕。A. values价值；B. cultures文化；C. languages语言；D. customs风俗。根据后文“I was worried that I wouldn't be able to communicate with anyone.”可知，我担心我无法与他人沟通，故此处指去到一些语言不通的其他国家却让我害怕，故选C。 【49题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：但是我忽然想到，如果我要追寻梦想就必须走出舒适区。A. But但是；B. So因此；C. Or或者；D. Thus因此。根据前文“I was worried that I wouldn't be able to communicate with anyone.”和后文“if I wanted to follow my dreams.”可知，前文的“我担心无法与别人交流”与后文的“我想要追寻梦想”构成转折关系，故选A。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. establish建立；B. find发现；C. step out of走出；D. go back to回到。根据后文“if I wanted to follow my dreams”可知，我想要追寻梦想，就必须要走出舒适区，故选C。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我让恐惧阻止我，那我就哪也去不了了。A. fear害怕；B. money 金钱；C. danger危险；D. communication沟通。根据前文“but traveling to other countries whose ___8___ weren't the same as mine terrified me.”可知，去到其他语言不通的国家让我感到害怕，故此处指如果我让恐惧阻止我，那我就哪也去不了了，故选A。 【52题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：随着我搜寻其他可以拜访的地方，我发现了Mykonos和Greece，这两个地方我都喜欢，就像是我喜欢Santorini一样。A. Before在……之前；B. As随着；C. Since自从；D. Until直到。根据后文“I searched for other places to visit on my trip”可知，此处指随着我搜寻其他可以拜访的地方，故选B。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不敢相信自己的所见所闻。A. tolerate忍受；B. believe相信；C. ignore忽视；D. explain解释。根据前文“it was like I was inside a dream”可知，我好像在梦里，因此不敢相信自己看到的，故选B。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：坐在公家车上，看着周围新的事物，我不禁觉得自己发现了生活的另一面。A. rare罕见的；B. traditional传统的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. new新的。根据后文“another dimension of life可知，我发现了生活的另一面，故此处指坐在公共汽车上，注视着一切新的事物，故选D。 55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. created创造；B. predicted预测；C. escaped逃走；D. discovered发现。根据前文“Riding on the bus and staring at every ___14___ thing I saw”可知，我坐在公交车上，看着周围新的事物，不禁觉得自己发现了生活的另一面，故选D。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On May 15, 2021, China landed its Mars probe, Tianwen-1, on the red planet, ____56____ (enter) a new chapter of China’s deep space exploration and marking another ____57____ (contribute) to humanity's exploration of the universe. The lander, carrying ____58____ Mars rover (火星车), touched down at its pre-selected landing area in the southern part of Utopia Planitia. Earlier, on July 23, 2020, Tianwen-1, consisting of an orbiter, a lander and a rover, ____59____ (launch) from the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site. ____60____ was the first step to conduct China’s planetary exploration of the solar system ____61____ the aim of completing orbiting, landing and roving on the red planet in one mission. More than 40 Mars missions ____62____ (carry ) out since the 1960s, but only about half have succeeded. The success rate for landing is even ____63____ ( low). The exploration of Mars will not only investigate ____64____ there is or was life on Mars but also help throw light on the history of evolution and the various future development ____65____ (trend) of Earth, as well as search for potential living space for human beings, which must be extremely important for human society. 【答案】56. entering 57. contribution 58. a 59. was launched 60. It 61. with 62. have been carried 63. lower 64. whether 65. trends 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“天问一号”火星探测器成功降落在火星上，开启了中国深空探索的新篇章，也为人类探索宇宙做出了新的贡献。 【56题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2021年5月15日，中国火星探测器“天问一号”成功登陆火星，开启了中国深空探测的新篇章，为人类探索宇宙做出了又一贡献。分析可知，设空处及之后的内容在句中作状语，动词enter和上文内容之间是主动关系，结合and marking，可知此处要用现在分词形式entering。故填entering。 【57题详解】 考查名词。句意：2021年5月15日，中国火星探测器“天问一号”成功登陆火星，开启了中国深空探测的新篇章，为人类探索宇宙做出了又一贡献。根据句中another，可知其后要跟单数名词。contribute“贡献”为动词，其名词形式为contribution作宾语。故填contribution。 58题详解】 考查冠词。句意：携带火星探测器的着陆器在乌托邦平原南部预先选定的着陆点着陆。rover为可数名词，句中用的单数，所以前应用不定冠词修饰，Mars为辅音音素开头，用a修饰。故填a。 【59题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：此前，2020年7月23日，由轨道飞行器、着陆器和月球车组成的“天问一号”从文昌航天器发射场发射升空。设空处在句中作谓语，结合时间状语on July 23, 2020，此处的时态为一般过去时；句子主语Tianwen-1与动词launch为动宾关系，所以launch要用被动。所以填was launched。故填was launched。 【60题详解】 考查代词。句意：这是中国太阳系行星探测的第一步，其目标是在一次任务中完成对红色星球的轨道运行、着陆和巡游。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少主语，此处是固定句型：it was the first+to do sth.其中，it作形式主语，真正的主语为后文的不定式，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填It。 【61题详解】 考查介词。句意：这是中国太阳系行星探测的第一步，其目标是在一次任务中完成对红色星球的轨道运行、着陆和巡游。固定短语with the aim of，意为“以……为目的”，故填介词with。 【62题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：自20世纪60年代以来，已经进行了40多次火星任务，但只有大约一半成功了。结合句中since the 1960s，所以此处要用现在完成时；句中主语More than 40 Mars missions为复数含义，与动词短语carry out为动宾关系，所以carry out要用被动语态。所以填have been carried，故填have been carried。 【63题详解】 考查形容词。句意：着陆的成功率更低。even常置于比较级之前，所以此处要用比较级lower。故填lower。 【64题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：对火星的探索，不仅可以研究火星上是否有生命，也可以帮助我们了解地球的进化史和未来的各种发展趋势，还可以为人类寻找潜在的生存空间，这对人类社会来说是极其重要的。分析可知，______ there is or was life on Mars在句中为宾语从句，句子不缺少成分，意义上缺少“是否”含义，whether，意为“是否”，故填whether。 【65题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：对火星的探索，不仅可以研究火星上是否有生命，也可以帮助我们了解地球的进化史和未来的各种发展趋势，还可以为人类寻找潜在的生存空间，这对人类社会来说是极其重要的。trend“趋势”为可数名词，结合句中the various future development，所以此处要用复数。故填trends。 第四部分 课内知识（共三节，满分25分） 第一节 （共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 根据语境，选择下框中的单词替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。 illustrate accessory ignore rejected chain diverse leap 66. My proposal was turned down the moment I brought it forward. 67. The physics teacher gave another example to explain this difficult point. 68. In her short life time, she went through a series of misfortunes and failures because of her poor family. 69. People from a wide range of cultures and races live in harmony with each other in California, thus attaining the new identity as Californians. 70. When Justin visited Guilin, he bought a special piece of hand-made ornament from the locals. 71. One doctor has charted a dramatic rise in local childhood asthma (哮喘) since the road was built. 72. He’s always been kind to me. I can't just turn my back on him now because he’s ill and poor. 【答案】66. rejected 67. illustrate 68. chain 69. diverse 70. accessory 71. leap 72. ignore 【解析】 【66题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我的建议刚一提出就被拒绝了。turned down意为“拒绝”，与rejected“拒绝”意思一致，故选rejected。 【67题详解】 考查动词。句意：物理老师举了另一个例子来解释这个难点。explain意为“解释”，与illustrate“解释，说明”意思一致，故选illustrate。 【68题详解】 考查名词。句意：在她短暂的一生中，由于家境贫寒，她经历了一系列的不幸和失败。series意为“一系列”，与chain“一系列，一连串”意思一致，故选chain。 【69题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：来自不同文化和种族的人们在加州和睦相处，从而获得了加州人的新身份。a wide range of意为“各不相同的，广泛的”，与diverse“多种多样的，不同的”意思一致，故选diverse。 【70题详解】 考查名词。句意：当贾斯汀去桂林时，他从当地人那里买了一件特别的手工装饰品。ornament意为“装饰品，首饰”，与accessory“配饰”意思一致，故选accessory。 【71题详解】 考查名词短语。句意：一位医生指出，自从这条公路建成以来，当地儿童哮喘的发病率急剧上升。dramatic rise意为“急剧上升”，与leap“剧增”意思一致，故选leap。 【72题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：他对我一直很好。我不能因为他又病又穷就不理他。turn my back on意为“忽略，对……不予理睬”，与ignore“忽视，不予理睬”意思一致，故选ignore。 第二节 （共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分） 根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个单词为多余单词。 bring about energetic respond marry be unwilling to so as to result in nowhere complain occur to occur to 73. A great idea _________ me that I could go downtown to buy some souvenirs before I left San Francisco. 74. The professor spoke loudly _________ be heard clearly in a hall of audience. 75. Their main _________ is that the prices of a variety of daily goods have risen sharply in the past days. 76. _________ give away his income, Mr. Stevenson pretended not to hear her question. 77. Not only did the festival expose us to diverse cultures, but it also _________ mutual (彼此的) understanding and friendship. 78. We are planning to hold a party for our grandparents to celebrate their fiftieth anniversary of _________. 79. Internet plays an important role in our daily life, _________great changes in the way we learn and live. 80. Mr. Liu is determined to lose weight and runs around the campus _________ every night. 【答案】73. occurred to 74. so as to 75. complaint 76. Unwilling to 77. resulted in 78. marriage 79. bringing about 80. energetically 【解析】 【73题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我突然想到一个好主意，我可以在离开旧金山之前去市中心买些纪念品。根据前文“A great idea”可知，应是occur to意为“被……想到”符合语境，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时。故填occurred to。 【74题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：教授大声讲话，以便在大厅里的听众都能听清楚。根据前文“The professor spoke loudly”可知，应是so as to意为“以便”符合语境。故填so as to。 【75题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们主要抱怨的是，各种日用品的价格在过去几天里急剧上涨。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作主语，根据后文“the prices of a variety of daily goods have risen sharply in the past days”可知，应是complain的名词形式complaint意为“抱怨”符合语境。故填complaint。 【76题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：史蒂文森先生不愿意交出自己的收入，假装没听见她的问题。根据后文“Mr. Stevenson pretended not to hear her question”可知，应是be unwilling to意为“不愿意”符合语境，本句已有谓语动词pretended，所以需去掉be动词，用现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Unwilling to。 【77题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：这个节日不仅让我们接触到不同的文化，而且还增进了相互理解和友谊。根据前文“Not only did the festival expose us to diverse cultures”以及“mutual (彼此的) understanding and friendship”可知，应是result in意为“导致”符合语境，根据前文的did可知，用一般过去时。故填resulted in。 【78题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们计划为我们的祖父母举办一个聚会来庆祝他们结婚五十周年。空前是介词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据前文“We are planning to hold a party for our grandparents to celebrate their fiftieth anniversary”可知，应是marry的名词形式marriage意为“婚姻”符合语境。故填marriage。 【79题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：互联网在我们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色，给我们的学习和生活方式带来了巨大的变化。根据前文“Internet plays an important role in our daily life”可知，应是bring about意为“引起”符合语境，本句已有谓语动词plays，所以bring about用非谓语形式作状语，和逻辑主语Internet之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填bringing about。 【80题详解】 考查副词。句意：刘先生决心减肥，每天晚上都精力充沛地在校园里跑步。根据前文“Mr. Liu is determined to lose weight and runs around the campus”可知，应是energetic意为“精力充沛的”符合语境，此处修饰前文的动词runs，所以应该用副词形式。故填energetically 第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 英汉互译。81-83题按括号中的要求进行汉译英，84-85题进行英译汉。 81. 一连好几小时，我四处走着，欣赏街头艺术。（用现在分词作状语）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语、名词短语和非谓语动词。句子在描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时；“一连好几小时”可用介词短语for a few hours，作时间状语；主语“我”用代词I；谓语“四处走着”可用动词短语walk around作谓语，用过去式；“欣赏”可用动词短语look at，“街头艺术”可用名词短语the street art，“欣赏街头艺术”为look at the street art，可看作是伴随谓语行为发生的动作，用非谓语表示，因look at与I逻辑上是主动关系，因此look用现在分词的形式，作伴随状语。故可译为：I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours. 82. 许多游客和旧金山人也许最钟爱的是唐人街的美食。（用what引导主语从句）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown is its food. 【解析】 【详解】考查what引导主语从句。“许多游客”表达为many tourists；“旧金山人”表达为San Franciscans；“钟爱”表达为treasure；“唐人街”表达为Chinatown；“美食”表达为food。根据句意可知，此处应用what引导主语从句，主语为“许多游客和旧金山人也许最钟爱的”，结合表语可以译为“关于唐人街，许多游客和旧金山人也许最钟爱的”表达为What many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown，谓语动词为“是”，表语为“唐人街的美食”，前文提到了唐人街，这里用its food表达，此句陈述客观事实，故应用一般现在时，主语从句作主语，be 动词用is，故翻译为：What many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown is its food。 83. 她很快成为有史以来第一位被聘为住院医师的女性。（用the first to do）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】She immediately/soon became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician. 【解析】 【详解】考查不定式作定语。“很快”表达为immediately/soon；“成为”表达为become；“第一位女性”表达为the first woman；“被聘为”表达为be hired as；“住院医师”表达为a resident physician；“第一位被聘为住院医师的女性”应用不定式作定语，表达为the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician，to be hired为不定式作定语，修饰the first woman，序数词后应用不定式作定语，且此处陈述过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时，故翻译为：She immediately/soon became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician。 84. It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources on Earth will run out. (英译汉) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】由于地球上的资源会耗尽，在太空为人们找到一个新家是有必要的。 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。此句为“it is+adj.+for sb.+to do”句式，it为形式主语，不定式to find a new home for people“为人们找到一个新家”为真正的主语；“necessary必要的”为表语；in space“在太空中”为地点状语；as引导原因状语从句，从句中，the resources on Earth“地球上的资源”为主语，will run out“将会耗尽”为谓语动词。故翻译为：由于地球上的资源会耗尽，在太空为人们找到一个新家是有必要的。 85. In the film The Million Pound Bank Note, Henry Adams is stuck in a foreign country without money and friends, and with nowhere to stay. (英译汉) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】在电影《百万英镑》中，Henry Adams被困在异国他乡，没有钱，没有朋友，也没有地方可待。 【解析】 【详解】考查动词（短语）、形容词和名词。介词短语In the film The Million Pound Bank Note作地点状语，可译为“在电影《百万英镑》中”，专有名词Henry Adams作主语，可保留英文名，谓语部分is stuck in可译为“被困在”，名词短语a foreign country作in的宾语，可译为“异国他乡”，两个并列的介词短语without money and friends, and with nowhere to stay作方式状语，without money and friends可译为“没有钱，没有朋友”，连词and可译为“也”，with nowhere to stay可译为“没有地方可待”。故可译为：在电影《百万英镑》中，Henry Adams被困在异国他乡，没有钱，没有朋友，也没有地方可待。 第五部分 写作（满分25分） 86. 假定你是李华，你所在的英语社团正在开展“我为英雄代言”的主题演讲活动。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1.你要代言的英雄； 2.英雄事迹； 3.你的感想。 注意：词数80左右。 My Hero __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version： My Hero Many heroes have an enormous impact on my growth, one of whom is Lin Qiaozhi. It’s universally acknowledged that Lin Qiaozhi is an expert in women’s and children’s disease. However, what’s unknown is that she went through hardships one after another before she became a doctor. There was a time when girls had little access to schooling, but she made it. Later, she devoted all her life to the welfare project of women and children. Lin Qiaozhi has set a good example for us and we should learn determination and dedication from her. This is the true reason why I choose her as my hero. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“我为英雄代言”为主题写一篇演讲稿，内容包括要介绍的英雄及其英雄的事迹和自己的感想。 【详解】1.词汇积累 影响：impact →influence 经历：go through →undergo 献身，致力：devote →delicate/commit 应该：should →be supposed to 2.句式拓展 主语从句变定语从句 原句：It’s universally acknowledged that Lin Qiaozhi is an expert in women’s and children’s disease. 拓展句：As is universally acknowledged, Lin Qiaozhi is an expert in women’s and children’s disease. 【点睛】【高分句型1】However, what’s unknown is that she went through hardships one after another before she became a doctor.（运用了what引导主语从句和that引导的表语从句以及before引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】There was a time when girls had little access to schooling, but she made it.（运用了when引导的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 福州市八县（市）协作校2023-2024学年第二学期期末联考 高一英语试卷 【完卷时间:120分; 满分:150分】 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does Linda refuse to go to the concert? A. She isn’t interested in it. B. She wants to rest at home. C. She hasn’t finished her homework. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man do this afternoon? A. Do some running. B. Go swimming. C. Play basketball. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is Michelle trying to do? A. Express her thanks. B. Give some advice. C. Invite Henry to dinner. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A joke. B. A mouse. C. A friend. 第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Where are the speakers? A. At a cinema. B. At school. C. In a palace. 7. What are the speakers likely to do? A. Watch a movie. B. Visit a museum. C. Go back home. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What is Frank usually responsible for at home? A. Doing the washing. B. Cleaning the house. C. Preparing the food. 9. What does Frank think Karen should do? A. Relax more. B. Study harder. C. Do some chores. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. How did Alan get his first car? A He bought it himself. B. His parents gave it to him. C. It was a prize from a competition. 11. What was the woman’s first job? A. A teacher. B. A salesgirl. C. A law firm clerk. 12. When did Alan start making money? A In primary school. B. In high school. C. In college. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. How long did Mike work on his school paper? A. 3 hours. B. 2 hours. C. 1 hour. 14. What happened to the baby elephant? A. It got injured. B. It became trapped. C. It was lost. 15. What did the witness do for the baby elephant? A. He fed it. B. He saved it by himself. C. He called for help. 16. What is the woman’s attitude toward breaking the wall? A. Opposed. B. Supportive. C. Indifferent. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Where did the speaker watch the movie? A. At her own home. B. In a friend’s bedroom. C. At the cinema. 18. Where is the movie set? A. In an inland city. B. In a beautiful village. C. In a seaside town. 19. What does Luka like doing? A. Hearing others’ stories. B. Taking adventure outdoors. C. Spending time with his families. 20. Why is the friendship threatened? A. Luka has a terrible secret. B. Luka’s new friend isn’t a real boy. C. Luka’s family has to move. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A For visitors who are on a short weekend visit to the island Bali, here is a tip of how to get the most out of their 48-hour visit. Friday 3 pm — There is nothing like a good meal. La Lucciola at Seminyak is the place to be, with its good food, great service and a beautiful view of the sea. 5 pm — About an hour away from La Lucciola is Uluwatu. This southern tip of the island is famous for its famous temple that stands on the edge, high above the sea. The fire dance, is performed here daily at sunset. 8 pm — To finish off the evening, head to Jimbaran Bay where restaurants offer candles, local dances and a moving band of boys singing songs on request. Kick off your shoes, feel the sand, and enjoy the fresh seafood. Saturday 9:30 am — Start the day with another experience of Balinese culture by heading for a dance performance. 12 pm — Kintamani, a favourite with tourists for the panoramic (全景的) view of active volcano Mt. Batur and neighbouring crater lake. It’s a good idea to reach Kintamani early as it tends to get cloudy after 3 pm. Have lunch at a local restaurant with a view of Mt. Batur and the lake. Tourists can catch the sunrise at the Mt. Batur peak. 2:30 pm — Head back to Ubud, the seat of Bali’s fine arts, dance and music, and spend the rest of your afternoon strolling through its streets. Sunday 6 am — It’s time for a reduce in the sea — and don’t forget the camera. 10:30 am — It’s another half-day trip to two of the most famous temples in Bali. Drive down to the Taman Ayun temple at Mengwi. 12 pm — Next up is the Tanah Lot temple, perhaps the most famous of them all. Built on a rock that gets cut off from the mainland during high tide, the temple is best seen in the afternoon when it is silhouetted (显出轮廓) against the sun or at sunset. 21. From the passage, we know that the fire dance is performed . A. in Ubud B. only on weekends C. on the sea D. every day 22. Why is it better to go to Kintamani early? A. Because the view of sunrise is better than that of sunset. B. Because the weather there is not so good after mid-afternoon. C. Because the restaurants there close early in the afternoon. D. Because the volcano there is not active the afternoon. 23. Which is the best place for tourists to have a good time at night? A. Jimbaran Bay B. Mengw C. La Lucciol D. Puri Saraswat 24. When is the best time to see Tanah Lot temple? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. D. At noon. 25. Where can you see this passage? A. novel B. newspaper C. textbook D. brochure B Empathy (同理心) is one of those strange qualities—something almost everyone wants, but few know how to truly give or receive it. In a world where self-satisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand. This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them. What Is Empathy? — Many people confuse sympathy and empathy, but they are two distinct values. Empathy is not just the ability to understand someone's feelings; criminals often take advantage of people by appearing to understand their feelings and finally gaining their trust. Empathy is more than that. Not only is it the ability to recognize how someone feels, but it also values and respects the feelings of another person. It means treating others with kindness, dignity, and understanding. Kids Need To See Adults Show Empathy — While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts, in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them. It begins with the way parents relate to their children. Parents who show an interest in the things that matter to their kids and respond to emotions in a positive and caring way are teaching the skill of empathy. Meet Emotional Needs —When children have their emotional needs met, two things happen. They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving, meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive. An empty jug cannot fill a cup. It's a good idea to talk to kids about emotions and how other people experience them. Give their emotions names (for example, jealousy, anger, and love) and teach them that these are normal. Talk to them about how to handle emotions in a positive way and point out situations where other people are experiencing emotions. Teach them about respecting the emotions of others and show them how to act in a situation where a response is required. 26. Why is it that the next generation are taught to have empathy? A. Because it's better to give than to receive. B. Because everyone lacks empathy. C. Because people tend to center themselves. D Because empathy is a strange quality. 27. Which situation can empathy be used in? A. When a teacher is comforting a student about his failure in exams. B. When a mathematician is calculating the area of a farmland. C. When a criminal is cheating a victim. D. When a dancer is dancing to music. 28. What can be learnt from paragraph 3? A. Children are born with kind hearts B. Children can learn empathy by themselves. C. Children can learn empathy from seeing how their parents do that to them. D. Parents just interested in something that matter to their kids can teach their kids empathy 29. What does the underlined sentence “An empty jug cannot fill a cup” mean? A. An empty jug is too small to hold a cup. B. It's a must to talk to kids about emotions. C. Kids give empathy with their emotional needs met first. D. Adults should set an example to kids. 30. What is the main topic of the passage? A. How to distinguish sympathy and empathy. B. How to train kids to have empathy. C. How to help kids finish empathy-related tasks. D. Whether kids can be trained to be more empathetic. C Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated (聚居) by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly connected groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them. Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education (义务教育), especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. At present, the world has about 6, 800 languages. The distribution (分布) of these languages is hugely irregular. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1, 000; Africa 2, 400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that. Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to dying out, with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random (随机), Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico(150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival. 31. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times? A. They had similar patterns. B. They were closely connected. C. They developed very fast. D. They were large in number. 32. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in Paragraph 2? A. Powerful. B. Modern. C. Diverse. D. Advanced. 33. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present? A. About 1,200. B. About 2,400. C. About 3,400. D. About 6,800. 34. What can be inferred from the phenomenon that the number of languages in Europe less than that in Asia? A. The population of Europe is less than that of Asia. B. The climate in Europe is milder than that in Asia. C. The climate in Asia is drier than that in Europe. D. Asia develop faster than Europe. 35. What is the main idea of the text? A. Geography determines language development. B. Human development results in fewer languages. C. New languages will be created. D. People's lifestyles are reflected in languages. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Scientific Ways to Improve Our Memory If you have trouble in remembering the date or the number, you are not the only one. ____36____However, a research study at UCLA in 2006 has shown that there are scientific ways to improve brain functions through simple lifestyle changes. Exercise regularly _____37_____ So put on your trainers, go outside and start working up a good sweat. It’s healthy for both your mind and your body. _____38_____ It’s a well-known fact eating vegetables can help keep your body healthy, and includes your brain. Various research papers state that vegetables can help lower oxidative stress in your brain as well as help retain healthy cognitive functions. Reduce stress levels Research found that intense and persistent stress, especially at high levels, can easily impair our memory and disturb our cognitive skills. _____39_____ You can do this by meditating or taking a walk. Play video games Yes you heard us. Get on that controller and spend a couple of hours playing your favorite video game. It’s good for your mind, according to a recent study that illustrated how these pastimes can help improve the functioning of various memory-associated regions in the brain. _____40_____ A. Eat your vegetables. B. Try healthy foods. C. Hundreds of students suffer from poor memory. D. Memory is to experience reporting in the mind in the past. E. But don’t go overboard, too much of a good thing can be bad for you. F. So slow down, and ease yourself into taking it down a notch (冷静). G. Research found that leading a sedentary(久坐不动的) lifestyle can lead to memory loss. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分 15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In July, I went to New York on business. My schedule was tight and was under great stress. I just wanted to ___41___ and breathe in some fresh air. Suddenly something ___42___ my mind. I was always eager to ___43___ on the Greek island of Santorini, admiring its white buildings, and the blue water surrounding it. Thus, the idea of taking a two-week European trip ___44___ was born. It was something I had ___45___ thought I'd be planning this soon in my life. I had always thought, if it did ever happen, it would be when I was ____46____ and old, free from the workload. I would lie if I said I wasn't ___47___. I'd driven alone across the US before, but traveling to other countries whose ___48___ weren't the same as mine terrified me. I was worried that I wouldn't be able to communicate with anyone. ___49___ it occurred to me that I had to ____50____my comfort zone if I wanted to follow my dreams. And if I let ____51____ get in the way, I'd never get anywhere. ____52____ I searched for other places to visit on my trip, I found Mykonos, Greece, which I liked just as much as I liked Santorini. When I arrived, it was like I was inside a dream. I couldn't ____53____ what I was seeing and experiencing. The best part was the bus ride to Little Venice. Riding on the bus and staring at every ____54____ thing I saw, I couldn't help feeling I had ____55____ another dimension of life. I was having the time of my life. 41. A. stay in B. go back C. carry on D. get away 42. A. crossed B. drove C. changed D. shocked 43. A. hide B. serve C. wander D. settle 44. A. cautiously B. alone C. again D. aimlessly 45. A. once B. already C. never D. often 46. A. bored B. retired C. dull D. lonely 47. A. scared B. excited C. disappointed D. puzzled 48. A. values B. cultures C. languages D. customs 49. A. But B. So C. Or D. Thus 50. A. establish B. find C. step out of D. go back to 51. A. fear B. money C. danger D. communication 52. A. Before B. As C. Since D. Until 53. A. tolerate B. believe C. ignore D. explain 54. A. rare B. traditional C. familiar D. new 55. A. created B. predicted C. escaped D. discovered 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On May 15, 2021, China landed its Mars probe, Tianwen-1, on the red planet, ____56____ (enter) a new chapter of China’s deep space exploration and marking another ____57____ (contribute) to humanity's exploration of the universe. The lander, carrying ____58____ Mars rover (火星车), touched down at its pre-selected landing area in the southern part of Utopia Planitia. Earlier, on July 23, 2020, Tianwen-1, consisting of an orbiter, a lander and a rover, ____59____ (launch) from the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site. ____60____ was the first step to conduct China’s planetary exploration of the solar system ____61____ the aim of completing orbiting, landing and roving on the red planet in one mission. More than 40 Mars missions ____62____ (carry ) out since the 1960s, but only about half have succeeded. The success rate for landing is even ____63____ ( low). The exploration of Mars will not only investigate ____64____ there is or was life on Mars but also help throw light on the history of evolution and the various future development ____65____ (trend) of Earth, as well as search for potential living space for human beings, which must be extremely important for human society. 第四部分 课内知识（共三节，满分25分） 第一节 （共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 根据语境，选择下框中的单词替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。 illustrate accessory ignore rejected chain diverse leap 66. My proposal was turned down the moment I brought it forward. 67. The physics teacher gave another example to explain this difficult point. 68. In her short life time, she went through a series of misfortunes and failures because of her poor family. 69. People from a wide range of cultures and races live in harmony with each other in California, thus attaining the new identity as Californians. 70. When Justin visited Guilin, he bought a special piece of hand-made ornament from the locals. 71. One doctor has charted a dramatic rise in local childhood asthma (哮喘) since the road was built. 72. He’s always been kind to me. I can't just turn my back on him now because he’s ill and poor. 第二节 （共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分） 根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个单词为多余单词。 bring about energetic respond marry be unwilling to so as to result in nowhere complain occur to occur to 73. A great idea _________ me that I could go downtown to buy some souvenirs before I left San Francisco. 74. The professor spoke loudly _________ be heard clearly in a hall of audience. 75. Their main _________ is that the prices of a variety of daily goods have risen sharply in the past days. 76. _________ give away his income, Mr. Stevenson pretended not to hear her question. 77. Not only did the festival expose us to diverse cultures, but it also _________ mutual (彼此的) understanding and friendship. 78. We are planning to hold a party for our grandparents to celebrate their fiftieth anniversary of _________. 79. Internet plays an important role in our daily life, _________great changes in the way we learn and live. 80. Mr. Liu is determined to lose weight and runs around the campus _________ every night. 第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 英汉互译。81-83题按括号中的要求进行汉译英，84-85题进行英译汉。 81. 一连好几小时，我四处走着，欣赏街头艺术。（用现在分词作状语）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________ 82. 许多游客和旧金山人也许最钟爱的是唐人街的美食。（用what引导主语从句）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 83. 她很快成为有史以来第一位被聘为住院医师的女性。（用the first to do）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 84. It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources on Earth will run out. (英译汉) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 85. In the film The Million Pound Bank Note, Henry Adams is stuck in a foreign country without money and friends, and with nowhere to stay. (英译汉) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 第五部分 写作（满分25分） 86. 假定你是李华，你所在的英语社团正在开展“我为英雄代言”的主题演讲活动。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1.你要代言英雄； 2.英雄事迹； 3.你的感想。 注意：词数80左右。 My Hero __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$