精品解析：河南省周口市鹿邑县2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

2023——2024高一下期期末试卷 英语试题 时间100分钟 总分120分 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States. Let’s meet some of the great women who have left their mark on our country’ s highest court. Margaret Brent In the early years of our nation, women were generally prevented from practicing law. However,there were some exceptions. One such exception was Margaret Brent, who settled in Maryland with her sisters in 1638 and became a wealthy landowner.Brent appeared before courts several times to file lawsuits against people who owed her money. Lucy Terry Prince Lucy was well-known for her skills as a public speaker, and in 1796 she became the first black woman in America to argue before a Supreme Court justice. The case arose from a land dispute, and Lucy argued against two leading lawyers.Chief justice Samuel Chase, who oversaw the case,said that Prince "made a better argument than he had ever heard from a lawyer in Vermont.” Ruth Bader Ginsburg Born in Brooklyn New York, in 1933, Ginsburg attended Cornell University and Columbia Law school. Between 1972 and 1978, Ginsburg argued six cases before the Supreme Court concerning laws that kept women out of certain occupations. She won five of them. In the spring of 1993, Justice Byron White retired from the Supreme Court. President Bill Clinton then picked Ginsburg to be his replacement. Myra Bradwell In 1872, the Illinois Supreme Court denied Myra Bradwell’ s admission to the Illinois Bar despite the fact that she had passed the state bar exam. Bradwell then asked the U. S. Supreme Court to overturn the Illinois court’s decision.Unfortunately for Bradwell, the tables weren’t turned. The Supreme Court claimed that there was nothing unconstitutional about denying a woman the chance to practice as a lawyer. 1. Which of the following describes Margaret Brent? A. Brave and determined B. Generous and friendly C. Considerate and optimistic D. Traditional and scholarly 2. What was Samuel Chase’ s attitude to Lucy’s argument? A. Favorable B. Uncaring C. Doubtful D. Grateful 3. What does the author mean by the underlined sentence in the text? A. Bradwell failed the state bar exam B. Bradwell' s request was unconstitutional C. The Illinois Supreme Court broke the law D. The Supreme Court ruled against Bradwell B Riding a motorbike in Uganda was something only men could do. At least that is what Allen Kisakye Butundu was told when she said she wanted to learn to ride one. “The community were shocked to see a female rider. Some people would even shout things at me and chase me” she says. The 27-year-old decided to learn to ride a motorbike two years ago. Initially, the decision was to save money on travel between the capital, Kampala, and the more rural areas where she worked as a social worker. But she is now one of just a few female riders of boda boda, as motorbike taxis are known, in Uganda. Butundu earns up to £10 a day on her motorbike and is the chief breadwinner for her children and husband, a trained vet, who has regular periods without work. But the journey has not been easy in a society with engrained gender roles. Her husband “refused completely” when she asked him to teach her how to ride. “I didn’t give up,” she says. “I stopped boda boda drivers on the road and said: ‘I’m not a customer but I want to learn how to ride this bike, I want to do your business.’” Butundu was taught by other riders, paying them a small fee or buying petrol. Her husband eventually came around to her new passion and bought a £1,400 bike. Last year, she became a full-time driver. Working from about 10 am to 6 pm most days, Butundu says she decided to give up her former career because she could be more flexible with her hours. She has recently bought another bike and rents one out to a friend. Being a woman can have benefits, she says. Riders are constantly trying to avoid police officers in central Kampala as they weave (穿梭) in and out of heavy traffic. This often leads to the police forcing drivers to pay large fines. “But when they notice I am a woman, instead of being tough, they start smiling and they let me go,” she laughs. Butundu hopes her story will encourage other women to start riding boda boda in Uganda. She is determined to keep on breaking gender boundaries. “Those who talk, let them talk,” she laughs. “This woman is serious now.” 4. Why did Butundu learn to ride a motorbike? A. She was unhappy with her job. B. She was encouraged by her family. C. She was moving to a rural area. D. She wanted to reduce her travel expenses. 5. What does the underlined word ‘engrained’ mean? A. Flexible. B. Difficult. C. Fixed. D. Creative. 6. What made Butundu go full time? A. The chance to earn a higher salary. B. The chance to choose her working hours. C. The chance to give rides to friends. D. The chance to learn from other riders. 7. What can we infer from the final paragraph? A. She thinks women are better boda boda riders. B. She is reconsidering her career choice. C. She cares little about others’ negative opinions. D. She thinks gender boundaries are easily broken. C Restaurants, farmers and food businesses are turning to chemistry and physics to deal with the problem of food waste. Some companies are testing coverings to slow the fruits’ ripening(成熟) process and packets to keep food fresh. Others are developing digital sensors that can tell when meat is safe to eat. Experts say growing awareness of the costs of food waste has led to more efforts to deal with the problem. ReFED is a group that studies food waste. It estimates 225000 kilograms of food can be kept out of waste areas each year with special high-tech coverings. But the cost can be a barrier for some companies and shoppers. Kroger, the largest food-store company in the US, ended its deal with Apeel Sciences in 2022. The deal ended because Kroger said shoppers were not willing to pay more for fruits with Apeel’s special covering to keep them fresh. Many companies are working on ways to help reduce food waste. A Sweden-based company is trying developing a sensor that can show if meat is safe to eat by measuring the buildup of bacteria inside its container. And Ryp Labs, based in the US and Belgium, is working on a sticker for fruits and vegetables that would release(释放) gas to slow ripening. Some companies find it better to use proven technology in new ways. For example, Chicago-based Hazel Technologies has been trying selling a chemical compound(化合物), called 1-MCP, which is used in a room to slow the fruits’ ripening process. The company now sells packets that can slowly release 1-MCP into small containers of fruits. “The science is promising, but it is only part of the solution,’” said Yvette Cabrera. She is the director of food waste for the Natural Resources Defense Council. “Most food waste happens at home. Reducing food sizes, buying smaller quantities or improving the accuracy of freshness date could have even more effects than new technology. Overall as a society, we don’t value food as it should be valued,” Cabrera said. 8. How does the author start paragraph 1? A. By showing experiments. B. By quoting experts’ words. C. By listing data. D. By giving examples. 9. Why did Kroger give up Apeel’s products? A. They were not convenient to use. B. Food stores found them ineffective. C. Customers disliked paying extra money. D. They might cause pollution to the fruits. 10. What do Ryp Labs and Hazel Technologies both try doing to slow fruits’ ripening? A. Building storage rooms. B. Using chemical methods. C. Making packets. D. Developing a sensor. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. Ways of reducing food waste. B. Benefits of saving food at home. C. Kinds of fresh food in the market. D. Funds of dealing with food waste. D “Farm to table” is the name of a movement that encourages people to eat locally grown food. The farm-to-table idea has become more popular in recent years. But there is also a movement that brings “table to farm”. Its purpose is to connect people to the land and to honor local farmers by creating a sort of restaurant without walls. Its founder, Jim Denevan, got the idea for this kind of “culinary adventure (美食探险)”, as he called it, ten years ago. He recently prepared tables for more than a hundred people at Briars Farm in Virginia. He and his eight-member team arrived the night before. Chefs (厨师) from a local restaurant prepared the dinner. Jim Denevan’s brother is a farmer and he himself is a chef. He thought that the idea of a meal served right on the farm made sense, though not everyone agreed. “But I wanted to make the idea work, so I decided to cross the country，” said Denevan. “I went all the way across the United States and set the table on farms, ranches (大牧场) and beaches, and all the places where food came from.” “This kind of event connects us with a lot of enthusiastic people, people that we can form relationships with,” said Matt Szechenyi, who operates Briars Farm. The tour of the farm ends at the dinner table. The meats in the meal come from Matt Szechenyi’s farm. The vegetables come from nearby farms Guests and local farmers sit together. Annoica Ingram came with a friend. “The food is wonderful. I appreciate their hard work. I see everything they have to do to take care of the animals and make sure they are well-cared-for. Without them, I think, we’ll have big problems,” she said. 12. What is the main purpose of the movement “table to farm”? A. To provide people with healthy food. B. To help farmers earn more money. C. To honor farmers for their hard work. D. To encourage people to work less and practice more. 13. Members of the movement “table to farm” will probably not . A. make new friends B. walk around the farms C. communicate with farmers D. build restaurants for farmers 14. Annoica’s attitude towards farmers’ work is . A. worried B. grateful C. doubtful D. supportive 15. What kind of writing is the passage likely to be? A. A travel guide. B. A news report. C. A diary. D. Popular science. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容;从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Starting high school means changes in your life. Most teenagers look forward to the first day of high school, but still feel a little bit nervous. ____16____ Learn all that you can about your first day before the first school day. Take part in some activities that are held at the school for new students to know the school better. If parents are invited to the activities, take yours with you. Carefully look over all the materials (材料) you receive. ____17____ ____18____ Buy the things suggested on your teachers’ supply lists and place your materials for each class separately.  Keep pace with your high school workload (工作量). If you find you’re not doing well in a subject, make use of after-school study groups or ask your teacher to help you with your schoolwork. ____19____ There are more after-class activities in high school than in middle school, such as clubs, music and theatre groups, the students’ union, and sports teams. Make friends and take part in such school activities. ____20____ Ask someone in the school office about chances to take part in school activities if you don’t know how. This is a good time to do what you like and a chance to try new things. Who said school has to be all work and no play? A. There is no useful information. B. Get the things you will need for class. C. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. D. Make sure of the location of the school’s buildings. E. Consider private lessons to get you through a difficult time. F. Join a club or other organizations to meet people and develop friendship. G. In order to make your high school life easier, you can follow these tips. 第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a ____23____ across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____24____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____26____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____27____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention. Once there, Lenoue was ____29____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme _____30_____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more _____31_____ about why her act is considered a big _____32_____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t _____33_____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the _____34_____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the _____35_____ of human kindness won the day. 21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished 22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse 23. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor 24. A. race B. school C. town D. training 25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised 26 A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice 27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down 28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal 29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated 30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness 31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged 32. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal 33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand 34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show 35. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When eight-year-old Adora Svitak sat down at a computer keyboard, her fingers flew. ____36____ (type) 60 words a minute, she wrote down the stories ____37____ stayed in her mind. But Adora didn’t keep her love of stories to ____38____ (she). She shared it with kids all over the country, motivating them to read and write. From her home in Redmond, Washington, Adora traveled to schools, talking to kids about reading and writing. She used her laptop to show how she made ____39____ stories. She also brought stuffed animals to use as props, and she spoke of how the things around her inspired her story ideas. In only eight months, this young writer had visited more than 2,000 students in ten schools. “Sometimes I am nervous when I face big crowds,” said Adora. “____40____ (especial) if the children are ____41____ (old) than me.” Her family’s ____42____ (encourage) helped a lot. The writing tips Adora shared changed kid’s minds about writing. Kids who once thought, “I don’t want to write!” began to think, “If she can do it, ____43____ can I.” Adora knew that reading and writing helped us all to understand things better. “If people don’t read well,” she said, “we will ____44____ (understand) each other.” Adora believed that “we are born with goodness in our hearts.” It was the goodness in her own heart that led her _____45_____ (share) her love for reading and writing with other kids. 第四部分 写作(共两节;满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你获悉你的美国网友Alice在前天校举行的运动会上获得长跑比赛第一名。你打算给Alice写一封电子邮件表示祝贺，内容包括： 1. 送去你真诚的祝贺； 2. 对于她的成功给予高度评价； 3. 说明Alice获胜的原因； 4. 希望Alice在各个方面继续努力，取得更大的成就。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Alice, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A first haircut can often be scary for little kids. Seeing a stranger coming over you with a pair of scissors for the very first time can often leave children with a wrong first impression of something that most of us go through on a regular basis. In a recent video shared by a barber (理发师), Jad Srour, attracted people’s special attention. In the video, Jude, a young boy of about four or five years old, could be seen experiencing his very first haircut. When the barber put the scissors to his hair, the boy couldn’t keep the tears any longer. As soon as Jude broke into tears, his mom, obviously feeling her son’s fear, was in tears as well. The barber stopped for a while so that the boy’s mom could try to calm him down. After the mom finally calmed her boy down, the barber continued though the boy still wasn’t entirely happy with his situation. Surprisingly, once the barber cut the boy long hair down, the young boy smiled, and the eyes focused on the hair and shone with tears. The video of Jude’s haircut quickly spread. After seeing the boy’s reaction to having his long hair cut off, many social media users took to criticize (批评) the boy’s parents for putting him through something that obviously hurt him mentally. Considering how upset the little boy seemed when the barber touched his hair, many users wondered whether the boy wanted to cut his hair. One person commented, “Why did he have to cut his hair when he was clearly in pain about it?” Other users even wondered why Jude’s parents let his hair get as long as it did. They even wrote, “Why let it get uncontrollably long?” “What a horrible thing to do to a child. Shameful.” Many comments seemed to be negative. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then Jad told the story behind online. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When Jude was just born, his parents happened to know on TV that many kids with cancer had lost their hair. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023——2024高一下期期末试卷 英语试题 时间100分钟 总分120分 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States. Let’s meet some of the great women who have left their mark on our country’ s highest court. Margaret Brent In the early years of our nation, women were generally prevented from practicing law. However,there were some exceptions. One such exception was Margaret Brent, who settled in Maryland with her sisters in 1638 and became a wealthy landowner.Brent appeared before courts several times to file lawsuits against people who owed her money. Lucy Terry Prince Lucy was well-known for her skills as a public speaker, and in 1796 she became the first black woman in America to argue before a Supreme Court justice. The case arose from a land dispute, and Lucy argued against two leading lawyers.Chief justice Samuel Chase, who oversaw the case,said that Prince "made a better argument than he had ever heard from a lawyer in Vermont.” Ruth Bader Ginsburg Born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1933, Ginsburg attended Cornell University and Columbia Law school. Between 1972 and 1978, Ginsburg argued six cases before the Supreme Court concerning laws that kept women out of certain occupations. She won five of them. In the spring of 1993, Justice Byron White retired from the Supreme Court. President Bill Clinton then picked Ginsburg to be his replacement. Myra Bradwell In 1872, the Illinois Supreme Court denied Myra Bradwell’ s admission to the Illinois Bar despite the fact that she had passed the state bar exam. Bradwell then asked the U. S. Supreme Court to overturn the Illinois court’s decision.Unfortunately for Bradwell, the tables weren’t turned. The Supreme Court claimed that there was nothing unconstitutional about denying a woman the chance to practice as a lawyer. 1. Which of the following describes Margaret Brent? A. Brave and determined B. Generous and friendly C. Considerate and optimistic D. Traditional and scholarly 2. What was Samuel Chase’ s attitude to Lucy’s argument? A. Favorable B. Uncaring C. Doubtful D. Grateful 3. What does the author mean by the underlined sentence in the text? A. Bradwell failed the state bar exam B. Bradwell' s request was unconstitutional C. The Illinois Supreme Court broke the law D. The Supreme Court ruled against Bradwell 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位在最高法庭留下名声的伟大女性。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据Margaret Brent中“In the early years of our nation, women were generally prevented from practicing law. (在我国早期，妇女通常被禁止从事法律工作)”和“Brent appeared before courts several times to file lawsuits against people who owed her money. (Brent多次出庭，对欠她钱的人提起诉讼)可知，Brent在女人不得从事法律工作的时期多次出庭，对欠她钱的人提起诉讼。因此勇敢和有决心最适合描述Margaret Brent。故选A项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据Lucy Terry Prince中“Chief justice Samuel Chase, who oversaw the case, said that Prince “made a better argument than he had ever heard from a lawyer in Vermont.”(负责此案的首席大法官Samuel Chase说，Prince“提出的理由比他从佛蒙特州的律师那里听到的任何理由都要充分。”)”可知，Samuel Chase对Lucy的辩论持赞许的态度。故选A项。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。根据Myra Bradwell中“The Supreme Court claimed that there was nothing unconstitutional about denying a woman the chance to practice as a lawyer. (最高法院声称，剥夺妇女作为律师执业的机会并没有违反宪法)”由最高法院没有支持Bradwell的做法，可知，Bradwell还是不能进入伊利诺斯州律师协会，因此划线句意为“最高法院的判决对Bradwell不利”。故选D项。 B Riding a motorbike in Uganda was something only men could do. At least that is what Allen Kisakye Butundu was told when she said she wanted to learn to ride one. “The community were shocked to see a female rider. Some people would even shout things at me and chase me,” she says. The 27-year-old decided to learn to ride a motorbike two years ago. Initially, the decision was to save money on travel between the capital, Kampala, and the more rural areas where she worked as a social worker. But she is now one of just a few female riders of boda boda, as motorbike taxis are known, in Uganda. Butundu earns up to £10 a day on her motorbike and is the chief breadwinner for her children and husband, a trained vet, who has regular periods without work. But the journey has not been easy in a society with engrained gender roles. Her husband “refused completely” when she asked him to teach her how to ride. “I didn’t give up,” she says. “I stopped boda boda drivers on the road and said: ‘I’m not a customer but I want to learn how to ride this bike, I want to do your business.’” Butundu was taught by other riders, paying them a small fee or buying petrol. Her husband eventually came around to her new passion and bought a £1,400 bike. Last year, she became a full-time driver. Working from about 10 am to 6 pm most days, Butundu says she decided to give up her former career because she could be more flexible with her hours. She has recently bought another bike and rents one out to a friend. Being a woman can have benefits, she says. Riders are constantly trying to avoid police officers in central Kampala as they weave (穿梭) in and out of heavy traffic. This often leads to the police forcing drivers to pay large fines. “But when they notice I am a woman, instead of being tough, they start smiling and they let me go,” she laughs. Butundu hopes her story will encourage other women to start riding boda boda in Uganda. She is determined to keep on breaking gender boundaries. “Those who talk, let them talk,” she laughs. “This woman is serious now.” 4. Why did Butundu learn to ride a motorbike? A. She was unhappy with her job. B. She was encouraged by her family. C. She was moving to a rural area. D. She wanted to reduce her travel expenses. 5. What does the underlined word ‘engrained’ mean? A. Flexible. B. Difficult. C. Fixed. D. Creative. 6. What made Butundu go full time? A. The chance to earn a higher salary. B. The chance to choose her working hours. C The chance to give rides to friends. D. The chance to learn from other riders. 7. What can we infer from the final paragraph? A. She thinks women are better boda boda riders. B. She is reconsidering her career choice. C. She cares little about others’ negative opinions. D. She thinks gender boundaries are easily broken. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了乌干达妇女Butundu学习骑摩托车，尽管这在这个性别固定的社会几乎不可能，她仍旧学会了骑摩托车并赚钱养家，她还希望通过她的经历鼓励其他乌干达的其他女性，打破性别界限。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The 27-year-old decided to learn to ride a motorbike two years ago. Initially, the decision was to save money on travel between the capital, Kampala, and the more rural areas where she worked as a social worker.(27岁的她两年前决定学骑摩托车。最初，她做这个决定是为了节省往返于首都坎帕拉和她在那里做社工的农村地区的路费)”可知，Butundu学习骑摩托车是想要节省路费。故选D。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。上文“Butundu earns up to £10 a day on her motorbike and is the chief breadwinner for her children and husband, a trained vet, who has regular periods without work. (布顿杜每天靠摩托车挣10英镑，是孩子和丈夫的主要经济支柱,丈夫是一名兽医，经常没有工作)”说明Butundu骑摩托车赚的钱是家里的主要经济来源，but表示转折，结合下文“Her husband “refused completely” when she asked him to teach her how to ride.(当她要求丈夫教她骑摩托车时，他“彻底拒绝了”)”可知，尽管Butundu靠骑摩托车赚的钱是家里的主要经济来源，但是这条路在这个性别角色固定的社会并不容易。由此可知，划线词与fixed“固定的”意思相近。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Last year, she became a full-time driver. Working from about 10 am to 6 pm most days, Butundu says she decided to give up her former career because she could be more flexible with her hours.(去年，她成了一名全职司机。Butundu说，她决定放弃以前的工作，因为她可以在工作时间上更灵活)”可知，可以灵活选择工作时间让Butundu可以全职工作。故选B。 7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butundu hopes her story will encourage other women to start riding boda boda in Uganda. She is determined to keep on breaking gender boundaries. “Those who talk, let them talk,” she laughs. “This woman is serious now.”(Butundu希望她的故事能鼓励乌干达其他女性开始骑boda boda。她决心继续打破性别界限。“那些说闲话的人，就让他们说去吧，”她笑着说。“这个女人现在很认真。”)”可推断，她不在乎别人的消极评价。故选C。 C Restaurants, farmers and food businesses are turning to chemistry and physics to deal with the problem of food waste. Some companies are testing coverings to slow the fruits’ ripening(成熟) process and packets to keep food fresh. Others are developing digital sensors that can tell when meat is safe to eat. Experts say growing awareness of the costs of food waste has led to more efforts to deal with the problem. ReFED is a group that studies food waste. It estimates 225,000 kilograms of food can be kept out of waste areas each year with special high-tech coverings. But the cost can be a barrier for some companies and shoppers. Kroger, the largest food-store company in the US, ended its deal with Apeel Sciences in 2022. The deal ended because Kroger said shoppers were not willing to pay more for fruits with Apeel’s special covering to keep them fresh. Many companies are working on ways to help reduce food waste. A Sweden-based company is trying developing a sensor that can show if meat is safe to eat by measuring the buildup of bacteria inside its container. And Ryp Labs, based in the US and Belgium, is working on a sticker for fruits and vegetables that would release(释放) gas to slow ripening. Some companies find it better to use proven technology in new ways. For example, Chicago-based Hazel Technologies has been trying selling a chemical compound(化合物), called 1-MCP, which is used in a room to slow the fruits’ ripening process. The company now sells packets that can slowly release 1-MCP into small containers of fruits. “The science is promising, but it is only part of the solution,’” said Yvette Cabrera. She is the director of food waste for the Natural Resources Defense Council. “Most food waste happens at home. Reducing food sizes, buying smaller quantities or improving the accuracy of freshness date could have even more effects than new technology. Overall as a society, we don’t value food as it should be valued,” Cabrera said. 8. How does the author start paragraph 1? A. By showing experiments. B. By quoting experts’ words. C. By listing data. D. By giving examples. 9. Why did Kroger give up Apeel’s products? A. They were not convenient to use. B. Food stores found them ineffective. C. Customers disliked paying extra money. D. They might cause pollution to the fruits. 10. What do Ryp Labs and Hazel Technologies both try doing to slow fruits’ ripening? A. Building storage rooms. B. Using chemical methods. C. Making packets. D. Developing a sensor. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. Ways of reducing food waste. B. Benefits of saving food at home. C. Kinds of fresh food in the market. D. Funds of dealing with food waste. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍减少食物浪费的方法。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Restaurants, farmers and food businesses are turning to chemistry and physics to deal with the problem of food waste. Some companies are testing coverings to slow the fruits’ ripening(成熟) process and packets to keep food fresh. Others are developing digital sensors that can tell when meat is safe to eat. (餐馆、农民和食品企业正转向化学和物理来解决食物浪费问题。一些公司正在测试覆盖物以减缓水果的成熟过程，并测试包装以保持食物新鲜。其他公司正在开发数字传感器，可以判断肉类何时可以安全食用。)”可知，作者是通过举例说明来开始第1段的。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The deal ended because Kroger said shoppers were not willing to pay more for fruits with Apeel’s special covering to keep them fresh. (这笔交易之所以结束，是因为克罗格表示，购物者不愿意为带有Apeel特殊盖子的水果支付更多的费用来保持新鲜。)”可知，克罗格放弃阿佩尔的产品是因为顾客不喜欢支付额外的保鲜的钱。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“And Ryp Labs, based in the US and Belgium, is working on a sticker for fruits and vegetables that would release(释放) gas to slow ripening. (总部位于美国和比利时的Ryp实验室正在为水果和蔬菜制作一种标签，这种标签会释放气体以减缓成熟。)”和第五段“For example, Chicago-based Hazel Technologies has been trying selling a chemical compound(化合物), called 1-MCP, which is used in a room to slow the fruits’ ripening process.(例如，总部位于芝加哥的Hazel Technologies一直在尝试销售一种名为1-MCP的化合物，这种化合物在房间里用来减缓水果的成熟过程。)”可知，Ryp实验室和Hazel Technologies都是利用化学物质来减缓水果的成熟过程。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Restaurants, farmers and food businesses are turning to chemistry and physics to deal with the problem of food waste. Some companies are testing coverings to slow the fruits’ ripening(成熟) process and packets to keep food fresh. Others are developing digital sensors that can tell when meat is safe to eat. (餐馆、农民和食品企业正转向化学和物理来解决食物浪费问题。一些公司正在测试覆盖物以减缓水果的成熟过程，并测试包装以保持食物新鲜。其他人正在开发数字传感器，可以判断肉类何时可以安全食用。)”可知，这篇文章主要讲述各大公司都在努力研究减少食物浪费的方法。故选A。 D “Farm to table” is the name of a movement that encourages people to eat locally grown food. The farm-to-table idea has become more popular in recent years. But there is also a movement that brings “table to farm”. Its purpose is to connect people to the land and to honor local farmers by creating a sort of restaurant without walls. Its founder, Jim Denevan, got the idea for this kind of “culinary adventure (美食探险)”, as he called it, ten years ago. He recently prepared tables for more than a hundred people at Briars Farm in Virginia. He and his eight-member team arrived the night before. Chefs (厨师) from a local restaurant prepared the dinner. Jim Denevan’s brother is a farmer and he himself is a chef. He thought that the idea of a meal served right on the farm made sense, though not everyone agreed. “But I wanted to make the idea work, so I decided to cross the country，” said Denevan. “I went all the way across the United States and set the table on farms, ranches (大牧场) and beaches, and all the places where food came from.” “This kind of event connects us with a lot of enthusiastic people, people that we can form relationships with,” said Matt Szechenyi, who operates Briars Farm. The tour of the farm ends at the dinner table. The meats in the meal come from Matt Szechenyi’s farm. The vegetables come from nearby farms. Guests and local farmers sit together. Annoica Ingram came with a friend. “The food is wonderful. I appreciate their hard work. I see everything they have to do to take care of the animals and make sure they are well-cared-for. Without them, I think, we’ll have big problems,” she said. 12. What is the main purpose of the movement “table to farm”? A. To provide people with healthy food. B. To help farmers earn more money. C. To honor farmers for their hard work. D. To encourage people to work less and practice more. 13. Members of the movement “table to farm” will probably not . A. make new friends B. walk around the farms C. communicate with farmers D. build restaurants for farmers 14. Annoica’s attitude towards farmers’ work is . A. worried B. grateful C. doubtful D. supportive 15. What kind of writing is the passage likely to be? A. A travel guide. B. A news report. C. A diary. D. Popular science. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要介绍了一个“从农场到餐桌”的项目，包括它的活动目的以及活动流程等。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Its purpose is to connect people to the land and to honor local farmers by creating a sort of restaurant without walls.(它的目的是将人们与土地联系起来，并通过创造一种没有围墙的餐厅来纪念当地的农民)”可知，“从餐桌到农场”运动的主要目的是向辛勤劳动的农民致敬。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Its purpose is to connect people to the land and to honor local farmers by creating a sort of restaurant without walls.(它的目的是将人们与土地联系起来，并通过创造一种没有围墙的餐厅来纪念当地的农民)”以及第五段“This kind of event connects us with a lot of enthusiastic people, people that we can form relationships with((这种活动将我们与许多热情的人联系起来，我们可以与他们建立关系)”可知，“从餐桌到农场”运动的主要目的是通过把餐桌搬到农场来纪念农民，与人们建立联系。由此推知，该活动的成员可能不会为农民建造餐馆。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Annoica Ingram came with a friend. “The food is wonderful. I appreciate their hard work. I see everything they have to do to take care of the animals and make sure they are well-cared-for. Without them, I think, we’ll have big problems,” she said.(安妮卡·英格拉姆和一个朋友一起来的。“食物太棒了。我欣赏他们的辛勤工作。我看到他们为照顾动物所做的一切，并确保它们得到很好的照顾。没有他们，我想我们会有大问题。”)”可知，安诺伊卡对待农民工作的态度是感激的。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段““Farm to table” is the name of a movement that encourages people to eat locally grown food. The farm-to-table idea has become more popular in recent years. But there is also a movement that brings “table to farm”. Its purpose is to connect people to the land and to honor local farmers by creating a sort of restaurant without walls. (“从农场到餐桌”是一个运动的名字，鼓励人们吃当地种植的食物。近年来，从农场到餐桌的理念变得越来越流行。但也有一场将“餐桌到农场”的运动。它的目的是将人们与土地联系起来，并通过创造一种没有围墙的餐厅来纪念当地的农民)”结合下文下文对其的具体介绍，以及一些人表达自己对其的看法推知，文章是新闻报道，第一段为新闻的导语。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容;从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Starting high school means changes in your life. Most teenagers look forward to the first day of high school, but still feel a little bit nervous. ____16____ Learn all that you can about your first day before the first school day. Take part in some activities that are held at the school for new students to know the school better. If parents are invited to the activities, take yours with you. Carefully look over all the materials (材料) you receive. ____17____ ____18____ Buy the things suggested on your teachers’ supply lists and place your materials for each class separately.  Keep pace with your high school workload (工作量). If you find you’re not doing well in a subject, make use of after-school study groups or ask your teacher to help you with your schoolwork. ____19____ There are more after-class activities in high school than in middle school, such as clubs, music and theatre groups, the students’ union, and sports teams. Make friends and take part in such school activities. ____20____ Ask someone in the school office about chances to take part in school activities if you don’t know how. This is a good time to do what you like and a chance to try new things. Who said school has to be all work and no play? A. There is no useful information. B Get the things you will need for class. C. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. D. Make sure of the location of the school’s buildings. E. Consider private lessons to get you through a difficult time. F. Join a club or other organizations to meet people and develop friendship. G. In order to make your high school life easier, you can follow these tips. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. B 19. E 20. F 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者针对刚上高中的学生如何更轻松地适应高中生活与学习给出了四条建议。 【16题详解】 由上两句“Starting high school means changes in your life. Most teenagers look forward to the first day of high school, but still feel a little bit nervous. (上高中意味着你生活的改变。大多数青少年期待着高中的第一天，但仍然感到有点紧张)”谈及学生感到高中生活会有点紧张和下文提出的建议可知，本文主要讲让刚上高中的学生如何更轻松地适应高中生活与学习的建议，承接上下文，G选项“为了让你的高中生活更轻松，你可以遵循以下提示。”切题。故选G项。 【17题详解】 由本段首句“Learn all that you can about your first day before the first school day. (在开学的第一天之前，尽你所能了解你的第一天)”可知，本段说的都是关于熟悉校园情况的事情，承接上文，D选项“确定学校建筑物的位置。”切题。故选D项。 【18题详解】 由下一句“Buy the things suggested on your teachers’ supply lists and place your materials for each class separately. (购买教师用品清单上建议的物品，并将每节课的材料分开放置)”可知，本段主要在说准备课堂上需要的东西，承接下文，B选项“拿到上课所需的东西。”切题。故选B项。 【19题详解】 由上两句“Keep pace with your high school workload (工作量). If you find you’re not doing well in a subject, make use of after-school study groups or ask your teacher to help you with your schoolwork. (跟上你高中的工作量。如果你发现你在某个科目上做得不好，可以利用课后学习小组，或者请你的老师帮助你完成学业)”可知，上文讲要跟上课程，如果哪门功课学得不好，要及时寻求帮助，承接上文，E选项“考虑私人课程让你渡过难关。”是寻求帮助的具体例子。故选E项。 【20题详解】 由上一句“Make friends and take part in such school activities. (结交朋友，参加这样的学校活动)”可知，作者建议读者参加学校活动来交朋友，承接上文，F选项“加入一个俱乐部或其他组织来结识人们并发展友谊。”切题。故选F项。 第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a ____23____ across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____24____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____26____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____27____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention. Once there, Lenoue was ____29____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme _____30_____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more _____31_____ about why her act is considered a big _____32_____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t _____33_____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the _____34_____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the _____35_____ of human kindness won the day. 21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished 22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse 23. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor 24. A. race B. school C. town D. training 25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised 26. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice 27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down 28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal 29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated 30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness 31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged 32. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal 33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand 34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show 35. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____1____ the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. volunteer志愿者；C. classmate同学；D. competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. constant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. problem问题；C. lesson课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bother打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。 34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良。故选B。 【点睛】 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When eight-year-old Adora Svitak sat down at a computer keyboard, her fingers flew. ____36____ (type) 60 words a minute, she wrote down the stories ____37____ stayed in her mind. But Adora didn’t keep her love of stories to ____38____ (she). She shared it with kids all over the country, motivating them to read and write. From her home in Redmond, Washington, Adora traveled to schools, talking to kids about reading and writing. She used her laptop to show how she made ____39____ stories. She also brought stuffed animals to use as props, and she spoke of how the things around her inspired her story ideas. In only eight months, this young writer had visited more than 2,000 students in ten schools. “Sometimes I am nervous when I face big crowds,” said Adora. “____40____ (especial) if the children are ____41____ (old) than me.” Her family’s ____42____ (encourage) helped a lot. The writing tips Adora shared changed kid’s minds about writing. Kids who once thought, “I don’t want to write!” began to think, “If she can do it, ____43____ can I.” Adora knew that reading and writing helped us all to understand things better. “If people don’t read well,” she said, “we will ____44____ (understand) each other.” Adora believed that “we are born with goodness in our hearts.” It was the goodness in her own heart that led her _____45_____ (share) her love for reading and writing with other kids. 【答案】36. Typing 37. that/which 38. herself 39. up 40. Especially 41. older 42. encouragement 43. so 44. misunderstand 45. to share 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了8岁作家Adora Svitak把自己对阅读和写作的热爱分享给其他孩子，激励他们阅读和写作。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她一分钟打60个字，写下她脑海中的故事。根据主句谓语wrote down，且此处无连词连接，可知此处应用非谓语动词，由she与type之间是主动关系，可知此处应用现在分词。故填Typing。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句的关系词。句意：她一分钟打60个字，写下她脑海中的故事。分析句子可知，此句是一个定语从句，先行词是the stories，指物，根据定语从句 3 stayed in her mind中缺少主语，可知此处应用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 【38题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：但Adora对故事的热爱并不是她一个人的。根据主语为Adora，此处是作介词to的宾语，指的还是Adora自己，可知此处应用反身代词herself。故填herself。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：她用笔记本电脑展示了她是如何编造故事的。固定短语make up“编造，组成”。故填up。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：“尤其是这些孩子比我大的时候。”根据if the children are  6  (old) than me可知此处应用副词修饰句子，作状语，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Especially。 【41题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：“尤其是这些孩子比我大的时候。”根据than可知此处应用形容词的比较级，作are的表语。故填older。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：她家人的鼓励对她很有帮助。根据名词所有格Her family’s可知此处应用名词，encouragement是不可数名词。故填encouragement。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：孩子们曾经想，“我不想写!”开始想：“如果她能做到，我也能。”根据上文If she can do it的肯定情况也适用于后者，可知此处应用连词so。故填so。 【44题详解】 考查动词。句意：“如果人们阅读不好，”她说，“我们就会相互误解。”根据情态动词will可知此处应用动词的原形。故填misunderstand。 【45题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：是她内心的善良导致她把自己对阅读和写作的热爱分享给其他孩子。短语lead sb. to do sth.“引导某人做某事，导致某人做某事”。故填to share。 第四部分 写作(共两节;满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你获悉你的美国网友Alice在前天校举行的运动会上获得长跑比赛第一名。你打算给Alice写一封电子邮件表示祝贺，内容包括： 1. 送去你真诚的祝贺； 2. 对于她的成功给予高度评价； 3. 说明Alice获胜的原因； 4. 希望Alice在各个方面继续努力，取得更大的成就。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Alice, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Alice, I am writing to send my sincere congratulations to you on your winning the championship in the long-distance running race at the school’s sports meeting held the day before yesterday! As your friend, I just want you to know how glad I am to hear about your success and I would like to sing high praise for your success. As I know, you are really talented in long-distance running, but undoubtedly, you couldn’t have made such remarkable achievements without your continuous effort. More importantly, you showed persistence in the competition, which contributed to your final success. I hope you will continue to work hard in all aspects and make greater achievements. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国网友Alice写一封电子邮件对她在前天学校举行的运动会上获得长跑比赛第一名表示祝贺。 【详解】1.词汇积累 诚挚的：sincere →genuine 高兴的：glad →delighted 高度赞扬：sing high praise for →think highly of 有天赋的：talented →gifted 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I am writing to send my sincere congratulations to you on your winning the championship in the long-distance running race at the school’s sports meeting held the day before yesterday! 拓展句：I am writing to send my sincere congratulations to you on your winning the championship in the long-distance running race at the school’s sports meeting which was held the day before yesterday! 【点睛】【高分句型1】As your friend, I just want you to know how glad I am to hear about your success and I would like to sing high praise for your success.（运用了how引导的宾语从句作know的宾语） 【高分句型2】More importantly, you showed persistence in the competition, which contributed to your final success. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A first haircut can often be scary for little kids. Seeing a stranger coming over you with a pair of scissors for the very first time can often leave children with a wrong first impression of something that most of us go through on a regular basis. In a recent video shared by a barber (理发师), Jad Srour, attracted people’s special attention. In the video, Jude, a young boy of about four or five years old, could be seen experiencing his very first haircut. When the barber put the scissors to his hair, the boy couldn’t keep the tears any longer. As soon as Jude broke into tears, his mom, obviously feeling her son’s fear, was in tears as well. The barber stopped for a while so that the boy’s mom could try to calm him down. After the mom finally calmed her boy down, the barber continued though the boy still wasn’t entirely happy with his situation. Surprisingly, once the barber cut the boy long hair down, the young boy smiled, and the eyes focused on the hair and shone with tears. The video of Jude’s haircut quickly spread. After seeing the boy’s reaction to having his long hair cut off, many social media users took to criticize (批评) the boy’s parents for putting him through something that obviously hurt him mentally. Considering how upset the little boy seemed when the barber touched his hair, many users wondered whether the boy wanted to cut his hair. One person commented, “Why did he have to cut his hair when he was clearly in pain about it?” Other users even wondered why Jude’s parents let his hair get as long as it did. They even wrote, “Why let it get uncontrollably long?” “What a horrible thing to do to a child. Shameful.” Many comments seemed to be negative. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then Jad told the story behind online. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When Jude was just born, his parents happened to know on TV that many kids with cancer had lost their hair. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Then Jad told the story behind online. “First of all, he is a boy... It was Jude’s 5th birthday that day and it was the boy’s first haircut,” Jad said. In the following minutes, Jad said that it was actually Jude’s own idea to cut his hair, which was quite a good shock for people. He continued to uncover the facts. Jude didn’t cut before because it was his parents personal choice. Jude’s parents had let him grow his hair out for five years since he was born for a kind purpose. When Jude was just born, his parents happened to know on TV that many kids with cancer had lost their hair. They decided to do something for those sick kids together with his newborn boy, Jude. As time went by and Jude grew up, Jude was told the plan by his parents. He was more than proud and delighted that he could donate his hair to kids in need. On his 5th birthday, he made a wish of helping others and decided it was time to cut his hair down. Although Jude was crying at the start of the haircut, he smiled and was happy for what he had done. 【解析】 【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了在理发师贾德分享的一段视频中，五岁的小男孩裘德在经历他的第一次理发时哭了，于是这个视频受到很多负面评价，之后贾德在网上说出了事情的真相，那就是裘德在五岁生日那天，他决定把头发剪掉送给那些患有癌症因而没有头发的孩子们的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“然后贾德在网上讲述了背后的故事。”可知，第一段可描写贾德揭露了裘德为什么到五岁才理发的原因。 ②由第二段首句内容“裘德刚出生时，他的父母碰巧在电视上知道，许多患有癌症的孩子都掉了头发。”可知，第二段可描写裘德自愿为患有癌症的孩子捐献头发的事情。 2.续写线索：裘德剪发的想法——让人们震惊——贾德讲述裘德为什么五岁才理发的原因——裘德自愿捐献头发的事实 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①揭露：uncover/expose ②决定：decide/determine ③捐献：donate/contribute 情绪类 ①高兴的：delighted/pleased/happy ②哭：cry/weep/sob 【点睛】 [高分句型1].In the following minutes, Jad said that it was actually Jude’s own idea to cut his hair, which was quite a good shock for people.（由从属连词that引导的宾语从句作said的宾语以及由关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2]. Although Jude was crying at the start of the haircut, he smiled and was happy for what he had done.（由连词although引导的让步状语从句以及由what引导的宾语从句作介词for的宾语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$