精品解析：四川省绵阳市-2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

高中2022级第二学年末教学质量测试 英语 本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分，其中试题卷共10页；答题卡共2页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必在答题卡上将自己的学校、班级、姓名用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写清楚，同时用2B铅笔将考号准确填涂在“考号”栏目内。 2．选择题使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后再选涂其它答案；非选择题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写在答题卡的对应框内，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。 3．考试结束后将答题卡收回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 回答听力部分时，先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题并阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A．￡19.15. B．￡9.18. C．￡9.15. 答案：C。 1．What is the man? A．A scientist. B．A teacher. C．An engineer. 2．What does the man like most about the sports? A．Getting close to nature. B．Experiencing adventures. C．Spending some time alone. 3．What will the woman probably do on the weekend? A．Prepare for a contest. B．Attend a literature class. C．Ask her teacher for help. 4．Where are the speakers? A．At the railway station. B．At the stadium. C．At the airport. 5．What’s the relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Sister and brother. C．Doctor and patient. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What should the man do first? A．Turn around. B．Go ahead. C．Turn right. 7．How will the man probably go to the theater? A．By taking a taxi. B．By taking a bus. C．By walking. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．What will the woman do? A．Buy something to eat. B．Get the car recharged. C．Rest in the charging station. 9．What would the man like to eat? A．A hot dog. B．A beef sandwich. C．A hamburger. 10．Why does the woman offer to pay for the food? A．She is grateful to the man. B．The man has no cash on him. C．The man’s phone is out of power. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What causes the worries of the speakers? A．Storms in Guangdong. B．Increasing natural disasters. C．Extreme weather worldwide. 12．What does the woman think threatens the environment most? A．Climate change. B．Energy shortage. C．Pollution. 13．What kind of energy does the man suggest we use less? A．Fossil fuel. B．Wind power. C．Solar energy. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．How did the woman know about the gym? A．From a poster. B．From a website. C．From a friend. 15．How much does the 6-month membership cost now? A．600. B．800. C．1200. 16．What is the advantage of option two? A．Personalized health evaluation. B．Free access to all the equipment. C．Without restriction on using time. 17．What will be offered in the first three visits? A．Extra fees. B．Nutrition advice. C．A free diet. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．When is the graduation ceremony usually held in America? A．April and May. B．May and June. C．June and July. 19．What do students do first on graduation ceremony? A．Go to the last speeches in college. B．Shake hands with school officials. C．Have their names called to go on stage. 20．What does Jon Stewart suggest? A．Talk humorously in life. B．Follow the real interests. C．Focus on academic results. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Nobody can deny the charm of Christmas. Get into the festive spirit with our top recommendations for Christmas markets across Europe. Edinburgh Christmas Market For celebrating Christmas, Edinburgh is a perfect choice for a festive getaway. The Christmas market stretches over the city, packed with Christmas crafts, delicious treats, and fantastic events. It’s also usually the longest-running market in Europe. There are also light shows at the castle, a special program at the zoo, and a variety of performances to choose from. Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market There’s a range of markets to spoil every visitor in Cologne, such as the Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market, located next to the city’s most iconic building. It’s a great opportunity to wander around the stalls (摊位) while admiring the amazing Gothic architecture of the cathedral itself, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Salzburg Christmas market A true winter wonderland with often snow covering, Salzburg is the picture-perfect Christmas market destination. Check out the choral singing in front of the cathedral and try some of the traditional gingerbread, roasted chestnuts, and other sweet treats. Budapest Christmas market This Christmas market offers over 100 stalls serving Hungarian treats ranging from warming goulash to delicious Beijgll, a rolled cake with poppy secds or walnuts. There’s plenty to keep you entertained, with ice skating and Christmas concerts. Climb to the top of Fisherman’s Bastion if you want to see the city in all its festive glory. 1. Which market has the longest operation history in Europe? A. Edinburgh Christmas market. B. Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market. C. Salzburg Christmas market. D. Budapest Christmas market. 2. What makes Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market special? A. Wonderful light shows. B. Christmas choral singing. C. Entertaining Christmas concerts. D. Stunning Gothic architecture nearby. 3. What do Christmas markets in Salzburg and Budapest have in common? A. A good view of the city. B. Various entertainments. C. Delicious foods for tasting. D. A snow-covered wonderland. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了欧洲各地的几个圣诞市场。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Edinburgh Christmas Market”部分中“It’s also usually the longest-running market in Europe.(它通常也是欧洲运行时间最长的市场。)”可知，爱丁堡圣诞集市是欧洲经营历史最悠久的圣诞集市。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market”部分中“It’s a great opportunity to wander around the stalls (摊位) while admiring the amazing Gothic architecture of the cathedral itself, a UNESCO World Heritage Site(这是一个很好的机会，可以在摊位周围闲逛，同时欣赏大教堂本身令人惊叹的哥特式建筑，它被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。)”可知，科隆大教堂圣诞市场的特别之处是附近有令人惊叹的哥特式建筑。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章“Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market”部分中“Check out the choral singing in front of the cathedral and try some of the traditional gingerbread, roasted chestnuts, and other sweet treats.(看看大教堂前的合唱，尝尝传统的姜饼、烤栗子和其他甜食。)”和“Budapest Christmas market”部分中“ This Christmas market offers over 100 stalls serving Hungarian treats ranging from warming goulash to delicious Beijgll, a rolled cake with poppy secds or walnuts.(这个圣诞市场有100多个摊位，供应匈牙利美食，从温热的炖牛肉到美味的Beijgll，一种用罂粟籽或核桃做成的卷饼。)”可知，这两个市场的共同之处可以品尝到美味的食物。故选C项。 B Robert Kurtz finds himself right in the middle of a composting (堆肥) revolution. Kurtz is a manager at Rust Belt Riders, a composting company based in Cleveland, Ohio. Its goal is to meet the challenge of climate change by recycling as much food waste as possible. “If we’re going to meet the climate goals, we have to deal with food waste,” Kurtz said. “It’s a huge part of the problem.” Wasted food winds up in landfills. As it breaks down, it creates methane (甲烷), which traps heat in the atmosphere and fuels climate change. The average family in the U.S. spends $1,500 per year on food that doesn’t get eaten. Businesses waste food too. That’s where Kurtz’s job comes in. Every day, Kurtz contacts grocery stores, restaurants, and other food-service businesses to tell them about the harmful effects of food waste. Then, he offers to help them cope with their extra food. So far, Rust Belt Riders has persuaded 300 companies and 2,800 households to do differently with their food waste. The company’s seven trucks and 30 employees pick up their clients’ extra food. Then they compost it, turning it into soil. Compost soil is much more than just dirt. It’s made up of five ingredients that combine to help plants grow. That’s why Kurtz and his colleagues offer a second service: They sell the composted, nutrient-rich soil to people and businesses that need it. In addition to households and businesses. Rust Belt Riders has teamed up with local schools. At Dentzler Elementary, in Parma, Ohio, Rust Belt Riders helps the kitchen staff compost its food leftovers. The 500 students place their food waste into bins during lunch periods. The bins are then collected by Rust Belt Riders. “This program has created a space for all students to become environmental supervisors (监督人) in their own cafeteria when they might not otherwise have the opportunity,” says Emily Cass, a farm-to-school coordinator at Dentzler. 4. What is the aim of Rust Belt Riders? A. To make compost soil. B. To fight climate change. C. To advocate food saving. D. To clean up the landfills. 5. What does Rust Belt Riders mainly do? A. Buy the wasted food from its clients. B. Teach students to compost food waste. C. Make compost soil with the collected food. D. Cooperate with schools to sell the compost soil. 6. Which of the following may Emily Cass agree with? A. Students could benefit a lot from the program. B. Students can supervise the environment in class. C. I’s wrong to make profits by selling compost soil. D. The cafeteria is the best place to compost food waste. 7. What is a suitable title for the text? A. A Method of Helping Plants to Grow B. Compost Soil — The Nutrient-rich Soil C. The Composting Revolution of Rust Belt Riders D. Robert Kurtz — An Environmental Conservationist 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Robert Kurtz成立Rust Belt Riders公司，进行堆肥革命，目标是通过回收尽可能多的食物垃圾来应对气候变化的挑战。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Kurtz is a manager at Rust Belt Riders, a composting company based in Cleveland, Ohio. Its goal is to meet the challenge of climate change by recycling as much food waste as possible.(Kurtz是位于俄亥俄州克利夫兰的堆肥公司Rust Belt Riders的经理。它的目标是通过回收尽可能多的食物垃圾来应对气候变化的挑战。)”可知，Rust Belt Riders的目的是应对气候变化。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The company’s seven trucks and 30 employees pick up their clients’ extra food. Then they compost it, turning it into soil.(该公司有7辆卡车和30名员工为客户运送额外的食物。然后将其堆肥，变成土壤。)”可知，Rust Belt Riders主要用收集的食物制作堆肥土壤。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Emily Cass所说“This program has created a space for all students to become environmental supervisors (监督人) in their own cafeteria when they might not otherwise have the opportunity (这个项目为所有学生创造了一个空间，让他们在自己的食堂里成为环境监督员，否则他们可能没有机会。)”可知，Emily Cass认为学生可以从这个项目中受益很多。故选A项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Robert Kurtz finds himself right in the middle of a composting (堆肥) revolution. Kurtz is a manager at Rust Belt Riders, a composting company based in Cleveland, Ohio. Its goal is to meet the challenge of climate change by recycling as much food waste as possible. (Robert Kurtz发现自己正处于堆肥革命的中心。Kurtz是位于俄亥俄州克利夫兰的堆肥公司Rust Belt Riders的经理。它的目标是通过回收尽可能多的食物垃圾来应对气候变化的挑战。)”可知，本文主要讲述了Robert Kurtz成立Rust Belt Riders公司，进行堆肥革命，目标是通过回收尽可能多的食物垃圾来应对气候变化的挑战。C“Rust Belt Riders的堆肥革命”符合主题，故选C项。 C A new study has shown that playing an instrument or singing in a choir may promote your brain. It explains why generations of parents have told their children to practice their musical instruments. Parents have good reasons to lay emphasis on their children’s musical education since learning an instrument is not only associated with cognitive (认知的) performance but also intelligence scores in children. But does this musicality translate to better cognition later in life? A recent study in the International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry investigated this question by asking middle-aged and older people to complete a questionnaire on their lifetime musical experience before completing cognitive thinking tests. The results showed that musical people had better memory and executive function — the ability to stay focused on tasks, make a plan, and have self-control — than those with less or no musicality. A good memory is important for playing a musical instrument, such as playing music from memory, and this seems to translate to people’s cognitive performance. Similarly, executive function is required when playing an instrument, and it translates to improved cognitive performance too. Although most people in the study played an instrument for only a few years, this finding was similar, regardless of which instrument people played, or the level of musical proficiency (熟练) people acquired. What makes a difference, however, is whether people still play an instrument or only played in the past. Those who still play an instrument show higher cognitive performance. This makes sense as continued engagement in cognitively stimulating activities should result in continued brain health benefits while having played the guitar for three years at primary school might not have such a big impact on our cognitive performance later in life. 8. Why do parents stress children’s musical education? A. It has an effect on mental health. B. It helps children to go to collegc. C. It is beneficial to cognitive thinking. D. It contributes to good scores in study. 9. How does playing an instrument promote one’s brain? A By stimulating the nerve cells. B. By developing great musicality. C. By bettering one’s learning ability. D. By improving one’s concentration. 10. What influences cognitive performance according to the study? A. Different instruments people play. B. Practicing continuity people keep. C. Musical proficiency people acquire. D. Live performances people engage in. 11. What message does the author seem to convey in the text? A. Musicality leads to success. B. Music affects children’s growth. C. Playing instruments boosts cognition. D. Instrument players have healthier brains. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了新研究显示，演奏乐器或参与合唱可能促进大脑发展，尤其在记忆力和执行功能方面，对中老年人的认知能力有积极影响。持续演奏乐器的人展现出更高的认知表现，强调了持续性在认知健康中的作用。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“It explains why generations of parents have told their children to practice their musical instruments. Parents have good reasons to lay emphasis on their children’s musical education since learning an instrument is not only associated with cognitive (认知的) performance but also intelligence scores in children.(这就解释了为什么几代父母都告诉孩子要练习乐器。父母有充分的理由重视孩子的音乐教育，因为学习乐器不仅与孩子的认知表现有关，还与孩子的智力得分有关)”可知，父母重视孩子的音乐教育是因为学习乐器不仅与认知表现有关，还与孩子的智力分数有关，即它对认知思考有益。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The results showed that musical people had better memory and executive function — the ability to stay focused on tasks, make a plan, and have self-control — than those with less or no musicality.(研究结果表明，与那些音乐性较差或没有音乐性的人相比，有音乐的人有更好的记忆力和执行功能，即专注于任务、制定计划和自我控制的能力)” 以及第三段的“A good memory is important for playing a musical instrument, such as playing music from memory, and this seems to translate to people’s cognitive performance. Similarly, executive function is required when playing an instrument, and it translates to improved cognitive performance too.(良好的记忆力对于演奏乐器很重要，比如根据记忆演奏音乐，这似乎转化为人们的认知表现。同样，演奏乐器时也需要执行功能，这也会提高认知能力)”可知，演奏乐器需要良好的记忆力和执行功能，执行功能包括保持对任务的专注、制定计划和自控能力。所以，演奏乐器是通过提高注意力来提高认知表现。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“What makes a difference, however, is whether people still play an instrument or only played in the past. Those who still play an instrument show higher cognitive performance.(然而，不同的是，人们是仍然演奏一种乐器，还是只在过去演奏。那些仍然演奏乐器的人表现出更高的认知能力)”可知，研究表明，持续演奏乐器与否会影响认知表现，也就是说练习的连续性会影响认知表现。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“A new study has shown that playing an instrument or singing in a choir may promote your brain.(一项新的研究表明，在合唱团演奏乐器或唱歌可以促进你的大脑发育)”以及全文可知，演奏乐器或参与合唱可能促进大脑发展，尤其在记忆力和执行功能方面，对中老年人的认知能力有积极影响。持续演奏乐器的人展现出更高的认知表现，强调了持续性在认知健康中的作用。因此，作者想传达的信息是演奏乐器能提升认知能力。故选C。 D Robots with artificial intelligence (AI) have been tested in care homes in the UK and Japan. Initial tests show that the robots reduce loneliness and improve the mental health of elderly residents. The robot, called Pepper, was developed for a project called CARESSES. which is trying to create robots that behave and speak like the people they’re helping. To do this, Pepper uses a new type of AI that gives it “cultural competence,” or the ability to adjust how it speaks to different people, taking things like age, culture and religion into account. The robot is autonomous and can remember things about the people it talks to, ask questions and make suggestions for activities. It can play the radio and is also able to remind people about important dates or to take medication. The test project, which ran from 2017 to January 2020, was funded by the European Union and the Japanese government. The study found that older adults who spent up to 18 hours over two weeks with the robot saw a significant improvement in their mental health and a small decrease in loneliness. However, only 45 people participated, so more research is needed to confirm the results. “This study is groundbreaking because it is the first and largest ever investigation into the use of autonomous social robots for older adults in care settings,” said Dr. Chris Papadopoulos of the University of Bedfordshire, one of the universities that worked on the study. “Poor mental health and loneliness are significant health concerns and we have demonstrated that robots can help relieve these.” However, according to users, there were some problems, like distracting head and hand movements, not enough cultural awareness, and surface conversations. Papadopoulos said that Pepper is still being developed and it would take two to three more years of research and development before similar robots could be used in care homes. He also said Pepper wouldn’t replace human careers, but could help to improve the mental health of the elderly. 12. What can Pepper do for the elderly? A. Make decisions for them. B. Introduce different cultures to them. C. Remind them of some important things. D. Provide some simple medical treatments. 13. What do we know about the project? A. It proves helpful for the elderly. B. It was funded by the UK and Japan. C. It lasted three years with confirmed results. D. It aims to create robots with thinking ability. 14. What does the underlined word “groundbreaking” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Deserving. B. Innovative. C. Ordinary. D. Rewarding. 15. What can be inferred about the robot? A. It is for sale on the market currently. B. It is a success without any weakness. C. It will replace caretakers in care homes. D. It provides a way of company for the elderly. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述的是名为Pepper的人工智能机器人在英国和日本的养老院进行的测试情况及其初步效果。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“It can play the radio and is also able to remind people about important dates or to take medication.(它可以播放收音机，还能提醒人们重要的日期或吃药。)”可知，Pepper能给老年人提醒一些重要的事情。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The study found that older adults who spent up to 18 hours over two weeks with the robot saw a significant improvement in their mental health and a small decrease in loneliness.(研究发现，老年人在两周内花18个小时与机器人在一起，他们的心理健康有了显著改善，孤独感也有了小幅下降。)”可知，事实证明，这个项目对老年人很有帮助。故选A。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“because it is the first and largest ever investigation into the use of autonomous social robots for older adults in care settings(因为这是有史以来第一次也是最大的一次关于在护理机构中使用自主社交机器人的调查)”可知，这项研究具有开创性，划线词groundbreaking的意思是“开创性的”，和innovative意思相近，故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The study found that older adults who spent up to 18 hours over two weeks with the robot saw a significant improvement in their mental health and a small decrease in loneliness.(研究发现，老年人在两周内花18个小时与机器人在一起，他们的心理健康有了显著改善，孤独感也有了小幅下降。)”可知，机器人为老年人提供了一种陪伴的方式。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Resilience refers to the ability to recover quickly from difficulties, setbacks and failures. Resilient individuals are able to bounce back from tough situation, often strengthened and more powerful than before. Research has shown that for certain people, resilience may seem to come naturally. ___16___. Here are some techniques you can employ. Believe in yourself Having confidence in your own ability to cope with the stress of life can play an important part in resilience. Always remind yourself of your own strengths and accomplishments. ___17___. When you hear them, practice immediately replacing them with positive ones, such as, “I can do this,” “I’m a great friend/mother/partner,” or “I’m good at my job.” ___18___ Having caring, supportive people around you acts as a protective factor during times of crisis. While simply talking about a situation with a friend or loved one won’t make your trouble go away, it allows you to share your feelings, get support, receive positive feedback, and come up with possible solutions to your problems. Embrace change ___19___. By learning how to be more adaptable, you’ll be better equipped to respond when faced with a life crisis. Resilient people often use the event as an opportunity to branch out in new directions. While some people may feel upset by sudden changes, highly resilient individuals are able to adapt and make progress. Everyone can learn to be resilient and it doesn’t involve any specific set of behaviors or actions. ___20___. Resilience may take time to build, so don’t get discouraged if you still struggle to cope with different problems. A. Be willing to share B. Develop a strong social network C. Therefore, they get out of trouble easily D. Don’t be afraid of the negative comments E Flexibility is an essential part of resilience F. However, it can also be learned later in life G. It can vary dramatically from person to person 【答案】16. F 17. D 18. B 19. E 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要解释了“韧性”的概念，即快速从困难、挫折和失败中恢复的能力，并给出了一些培养韧性的技巧和建议。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Research has shown that for certain people, resilience may seem to come naturally.(研究表明，对某些人来说，韧性似乎是天生的)”以及后文“Here are some techniques you can employ.(这里有一些你可以使用的技巧)”可知，前文讲述韧性似乎是天生的，后文又说有些技巧可用，所以前后是转折关系，空处应表转折，F项“However, it can also be learned later in life(然而，它也可以在以后的生活中学习)”符合文意，和前文构成转折关系，引出下文。故选F项。 【17题详解】 根据前文“Always remind yourself of your own strengths and accomplishments.(时刻提醒自己的长处和成就)”以及后文“When you hear them, practice immediately replacing them with positive ones, such as, “I can do this,” “I’m a great friend/mother/partner,” or “I’m good at my job.”(当你听到它们时，马上练习用积极的话语代替它们，比如，“我能做到”，“我是一个很好的朋友/母亲/伴侣”，或者“我很擅长我的工作”)”可知，后文提到的“它们”应是和积极的话相对的，而空前没有提到，所以应是空处提及，D项“Don’t be afraid of the negative comments(不要害怕负面的评论)”符合文意。故选D项。 【18题详解】 分析设空，为本段小标题，是对本段的高度概括，根据后文“Having caring, supportive people around you acts as a protective factor during times of crisis. While simply talking about a situation with a friend or loved one won’t make your trouble go away, it allows you to share your feelings, get support, receive positive feedback, and come up with possible solutions to your problems.(在危机时刻，身边有关心你、支持你的人是一种保护因素。虽然简单地和朋友或爱人谈论一个情况不会让你的麻烦消失，但它可以让你分享你的感受，得到支持，得到积极的反馈，并提出可能的解决问题的方法)”可知，本段主要讲述了得到身边人的支持，所以B项“Develop a strong social network(建立一个强大的社交网络)”符合本段主题，为本段小标题。故选B项。 【19题详解】 设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“By learning how to be more adaptable, you’ll be better equipped to respond when faced with a life crisis. Resilient people often use the event as an opportunity to branch out in new directions. While some people may feel upset by sudden changes, highly resilient individuals are able to adapt and make progress.(通过学习如何更有适应能力，你就能更好地应对生活危机。适应力强的人通常会把这个事件作为一个向新方向拓展的机会。虽然有些人可能会对突然的变化感到不安，但高度适应力强的人能够适应并取得进步)”可知，本段主要讲述适应力强的人能够适应变化并取得进步，所以E项“Flexibility is an essential part of resilience(灵活性是适应力的重要组成部分)”符合本段主题，其中resilience和Resilient为同构词。故选E项。 【20题详解】 根据前文“Everyone can learn to be resilient and it doesn’t involve any specific set of behaviors or actions.(每个人都可以学会适应，它不涉及任何特定的行为或行动)”以及后文“Resilience may take time to build, so don’t get discouraged if you still struggle to cope with different problems.(韧性可能需要时间来培养，所以如果你仍然在努力应对不同的问题，不要气馁)”可知，本段是总结性段落，讲述每个人都能学会适应，所以G项“It can vary dramatically from person to person(这可能因人而异)”为总结性句子，且引出下文，符合文意。故选G项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Ghunta was born into a poor family in a rural part of Western Jamaica. He, together with his brothers and sisters was ___21___ by a single mother, who often had to make ___22___ choices about how to make use of their ___23___ resources, including the choice to send his oldest sister to school, and to keep Ghunta at home. When he finally ___24___ school, he struggled to catch up on his reading skills for lack of ___25___ to books. By the time he entered sixth grade, he could only spell his name, but unable to recognize words or read with ___26___. The obvious gap in studying made Ghunta shy and lonely. The situation was further ___27___ by some teachers who made him feel worthless. However, when Ghunta was about 12, a young teacher-in-training decided to launch a special reading program for ___28___ students. Ghunta was the first student to be ___29___. That teacher, who was incredibly kind to him, had a profound impact on him. “She did not ask anything of me, ___30___ that I work hard and believe in myself,” he recalled. Under her guidance, Ghunta’s reading skills ___31___ improved, and he began to have faith in himself. His life took on a new ___32___ and a passion for writing was burning within him. Today, Ghunta is not only a published author but also an award-winning poet. With hard work, dedication and ___33___ of a kind teacher, it is possible to ___34___ hardship and achieve our dreams, no matter how ___35___ the journey may seem. 21. A. cared about B. turned out C. brought up D. sent away 22. A. tough B. sensitive C. obvious D. simple 23. A. various B. limited C. relevant D. natural 24. A. quit B. finished C. acquired D. attended 25. A. exposure B. approach C. appeal D. devotion 26. A. intelligence B. need C. interest D. doubt 27. A. improved B. controlled C. complicated D. worsened 28. A. struggling B. excellent C. curious D. gifted 29. A. thanked B. blamed C. included D. refused 30. A. except B. besides C. such D. so 31. A. typically B. gradually C. frequently D. slightly 32. A. look B. duty C. focus D. victory 33. A. optimism B. permission C. pressure D. support 34. A. identify B. overcome C. face D. admit 35. A. effortless B. endless C. challenging D. thrilling 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Ghunta出生在牙买加西部农村的一个贫困家庭，因为资源有限，他小时候不得不呆在家里，导致上学的年级阅读能力低下，多亏了一位老师的帮助，让他对自己有信心，生活焕然一新，对写作的热情在他心中燃烧。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他和他的兄弟姐妹都是由一个单身母亲抚养长大的，她经常不得不在如何利用有限的资源方面做出艰难的选择，包括选择送他的大姐去上学，以及把Ghunta留在家里。A. cared about关心；B. turned out结果是；C. brought up抚养长大；D. sent away派遣。根据后文“by a single mother”指他们是由单亲母亲抚养长大的，故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他和他的兄弟姐妹都是由一个单身母亲抚养长大的，她经常不得不在如何利用有限的资源方面做出艰难的选择，包括选择送他的大姐去上学，以及把Ghunta留在家里。A. tough艰难的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. obvious明显的；D. simple简单的。根据后文“including the choice to send his oldest sister to school, and to keep Ghunta at home”可知，他们要做出艰难的选择，送他的大姐去上学，以及把Ghunta留在家里。故选A。 23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他和他的兄弟姐妹都是由一个单身母亲抚养长大的，她经常不得不在如何利用有限的资源方面做出艰难的选择，包括选择送他的大姐去上学，以及把Ghunta留在家里。A. various各种各样的；B. limited有限的；C. relevant有关的；D. natural自然的。根据上文“Ghunta was born into a poor family in a rural part of Western Jamaica.(Ghunta出生在牙买加西部农村的一个贫困家庭)”可知，家里经济贫困，所以资源有限，无法让所有孩子都去上学。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他终于上学时，由于缺乏接触书籍的机会，他努力追赶自己的阅读技能。A. quit停止；B. finished结束；C. acquired获得；D. attended参加。根据后文“he entered sixth grade”表示上学应用attend school。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他终于上学时，由于缺乏接触书籍的机会，他努力追赶自己的阅读技能。A. exposure暴露；B. approach方法；C. appeal吸引力；D. devotion奉献。根据上文“keep Ghunta at home”可知，由于缺乏接触书籍的机会，他努力追赶自己的阅读技能。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他进入六年级时，他只会拼写自己的名字，但无法辨认单词或有兴趣阅读。A. intelligence智慧；B. need需要；C. interest兴趣；D. doubt怀疑。根据上文“he could only spell his name, but unable to recognize words or read with”可知，他只会拼写自己的名字，但无法辨认单词或有兴趣阅读。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些老师让他觉得自己毫无价值，这使情况进一步恶化。A. improved改善；B. controlled控制；C. complicated使复杂化；D. worsened恶化。根据上文“The obvious gap in studying made Ghunta shy and lonely.(学习上的明显差距使Ghunta感到害羞和孤独)”以及后文“by some teachers who made him feel worthless”可知，一些老师让他觉得自己毫无价值，这使Ghunta感到害羞和孤独的情况进一步恶化。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当Ghunta大约12岁时，一位年轻的在职教师决定为学习困难的学生推出一项特殊的阅读计划。A. struggling苦苦挣扎的；B. excellent出色的；C. curious好奇的；D. gifted有天赋的。根据上文“he struggled”可知，此处指一位年轻的在职教师决定为学习困难的学生推出一项特殊的阅读计划。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ghunta是第一个被包括在内的学生。A. thanked感谢；B. blamed责备；C. included包含；D. refused拒绝。根据上文“Ghunta was the first student to be”指Ghunta报名参加了这个项目，是第一个被包括在内的学生。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“她对我没有任何要求，只是要求我努力工作，相信自己，”他回忆说。A. except除了；B. besides此外；C. such这样；D. so所以。根据上文“She did not ask anything of me”可知，表示除了……没有，应用except。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在她的指导下，Ghunta的阅读能力逐渐提高，他开始对自己有信心。A. typically典型地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. frequently频繁地；D. slightly稍微。根据后文“improved, and he began to have faith in himself”可知，阅读能力逐渐有了提高，他开始对自己有信心。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的生活焕然一新，对写作的热情在他心中燃烧。A. look样子；B. duty义务；C. focus重点；D. victory胜利。根据后文“a passion for writing was burning within him”可知，对写作的热情在他心中燃烧，他的生活焕然一新，故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了一位好老师的辛勤工作、奉献和支持，无论这段旅程看起来多么具有挑战性，我们都有可能克服困难，实现梦想。A. optimism乐观；B. permission许可；C. pressure压力；D. support支持。根据上文“That teacher, who was incredibly kind to him, had a profound impact on him.(那位老师对他非常好，对他产生了深远的影响)”可知，强调了老师的辛勤工作、奉献和支持，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有了一位好老师的辛勤工作、奉献和支持，无论这段旅程看起来多么具有挑战性，我们都有可能克服困难，实现梦想。A. identify识别；B. overcome克服；C. face面对；D. admit承认。根据后文“hardship”指克服困难，应用overcome。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有了一位好老师的辛勤工作、奉献和支持，无论这段旅程看起来多么具有挑战性，我们都有可能克服困难，实现梦想。A. effortless不费力的；B. endless无尽的；C. challenging挑战性的；D. thrilling令人激动的。根据上文“hardship and achieve our dreams, no matter how”为让步状语从句，强调无论这段旅程看起来多么具有挑战性，我们都有可能克服困难，实现梦想。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A fisherman from USA caught a very rare bright blue lobster (龙虾) off the coast of Maine and ___36___ (choose) to set it free back into the ocean. But the ___37___ (photo) of it went viral on the social media. While the shells of lobsters are generally red or brown in color, the blue shell is a result of a genetic mutation (突变), ___38___ causes the lobster to produce more of a particular protein than others, ___39___ (lead) to the rare blue color. Because blue lobsters are ___40___ (extreme) rare, fishermen Believe it’s a sign of good luck to catch one. Yellow, orange and crystal-colored lobsters are considered even ___41___ (rare) than bright blue ones. According to the lobster Institute, yellow lobsters account for about one in 30 million of the total population, while the chances of catching a crystal lobster are believed to be one in 100 million. Blue lobsters may not be the most unusual, ___42___ they are undoubtedly the best to look at. Many restaurants in the UK have agreed to spare the rare blue lobsters and give them a new place ___43___ (live). “I felt responsible. Something so rare doesn’t require a place on the menu. Every species ___44___ (deserve) a fair chance at survival,” Said Austin Hopley, a chef at “The Hare”, “It is ____45____ extraordinary finding and worth saving to try to educate the public about the amazing creatures in the ecosystem.” 【答案】36. chose 37. photos 38. which 39. leading 40. extremely 41. rarer 42. but 43. to live 44. deserves 45. an 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了龙虾的种类，并说明蓝色龙虾最为罕见，应该受到保护。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：一位美国渔民在缅因州海岸捕获了一只非常罕见的亮蓝色龙虾，并选择将其放归大海。根据前文caught可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填chose。 【37题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：但它的照片在社交媒体上疯传。根据句意可知，此处指“多张照片”，名词photo应用复数。故填photos。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：龙虾的外壳通常是红色或棕色的，而蓝色的外壳是一种基因突变的结果，这种基因突变导致龙虾比其他龙虾产生更多的特定蛋白质，从而导致罕见的蓝色。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a genetic mutation，指代事物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处为非谓语动词，动词lead和其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用其现在分词，作状语，表示结果。故填leading。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：由于蓝龙虾极为罕见，渔民们认为抓到一只蓝龙虾是好运的象征。修此处饰形容词rare，应用副词，作状语。故填extremely。 【41题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：黄色、橙色和水晶色的龙虾被认为比亮蓝色的龙虾更罕见。根据后文than可知，此处用形容词比较级，作主语补足语。故填rarer。 42题详解】 考查连词。句意：蓝龙虾可能不是最不寻常的，但它们无疑是最好看的。后文和前文之间是转折关系，应用转折连词but连接。故填but。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：英国的许多餐馆都同意放过这种稀有的蓝龙虾，给它们一个新的栖息地。名词place后常用动词不定式，作后置定语。故填to live。 【44题详解】 考查时态。句意：每一个物种都应该有公平的生存机会。此处描述客观规律，应用一般现在时。主语Every species是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填deserves。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这是一个非凡的发现，值得保存下来，让公众了解生态系统中神奇的生物。名词（短语）extraordinary finding是可数名词单数泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，extraordinary以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，在国外一所高中进行交换学习，学校餐厅为提高服务质量在广泛征求意见，请你给餐厅经理John写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．反馈问题； 2．提出建议。 注意：1．词数80左右，文章首尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear John, I am writing to share some feedback and suggestions regarding the cafeteria. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards Li Hua 【答案】Dear John, I am writing to share some feedback and suggestions regarding the cafeteria. Firstly, we have noticed that the quality of some dishes varies. Additionally, the waiting time during lunchtime can be quite long, which makes it difficult for us to manage our time efficiently. In order to improve the services, we suggest that you conduct regular surveys on students’ food preferences, monitor the quality of food, and ensure that it meets the different demands of students. Furthermore, it would be helpful if you could implement a system to reduce waiting time, such as by staggering (错开) lunch breaks or introducing more efficient ordering methods. We appreciate your commitment to providing quality services and hope you will consider these suggestions seriously. Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，在国外一所高中进行交换学习，学校餐厅为提高服务质量在广泛征求意见，请你给餐厅经理John写一封邮件，内容包括：反馈问题；提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 此外：additionally→what’s more 高效地：efficiently→effectively 满足：meet→fulfill 有帮助的：helpful→beneficial 2.句式拓展 定语从句变非谓语 原句：Additionally, the waiting time during lunchtime can be quite long, which makes it difficult for us to manage our time efficiently. 拓展句：Additionally, the waiting time during lunchtime can be quite long, making it difficult for us to manage our time efficiently. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Additionally, the waiting time during lunchtime can be quite long, which makes it difficult for us to manage our time efficiently.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句以及it作形式宾语） 【高分句型2】Furthermore, it would be helpful if you could implement a system to reduce waiting time, such as by staggering (错开) lunch breaks or introducing more efficient ordering methods.（运用了it作形式主语） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was 2002, and two months earlier, my mum, Debbie, bad moved my two older sisters and me 4000km away from our old home and my grandma Mary, 62, for a new job. Before the move, Grams, as I called her, lived with us, and she and I shared a bedroom. She’d help me get ready for school each morning, and on weekends she’d take me shopping or to the horse races. We’re like two peas in a pod (形影不离). Everywhere we went, people knew Grams for her outgoing personality and I missed it desperately. “I want to move back with Grams,” I told Mum one day. Aware of our special bond, she told me to call Grams and see what she thought. “I’d love that. Krissy!” Grams exclaimed down the phone line. So at 15, I flew back to live with her. We became properly best friends. watching old movies or dancing to music together. Grams was very stylish, often giving me fashion advice, and she also taught me how to cook. When I attended high school, I bccame a bit wild, staying out late. But when I came home, Grams always welcomed me with open arms. “Remember, Krissy.” she told me, “No matter where life takes you, family is what matters.” It was her unconditional love that got me through my teenage years and kept me from going completely off the rails. When she reached her early 70s. Grams began exhibiting some strange behavior. One day, I noticed she’d turned on the oven. “What are you cooking, Grams?” I called out. “I’m not cooking anything,” she responded in confusion from the living room. This forgetfulness became a pattern of dangerous behavior. One day, we even found her barefoot in the snow. Eventually, she confessed that something didn’t feel right in her mind. “It’s like I’m not here in this world with you,” she told me sadly. I took her to the doctor and the result was heartbreaking. “Your grandma has Alzheimer’s disease,” the doctor told us, “she’ll need 24-hour care.” Helpless, we checked her into assisted living. However, it seemed that my once lively grandma was very depressed there, which grieved me a great deal. 注意：1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I decided to quit my job to look after her. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: As I shared the videos of our daily life online, unexpected support and likes poured in. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Para1: I decided to quit my job to look after her. Hearing my decision, she hugged me tightly, tears streaming down her face. We cooked the food she liked and watched movies together like the old days. To brighten her days and stimulate her memory, I took her shopping and to the horse races on a regular basis. We also visited parks and seaside, immersing ourselves in the natural beauty. Gradually, her spark slowly came back. Seeing her bright smile, I was seized by a sense of relief, feeling like I had done the right thing. With my camera, these invaluable daily moments were captured. Para2: As I shared the videos of our daily life online, unexpected support and likes poured in. People from all over the world were touched by our story and the pure joy we shared. Our daily interactions also served as an inspiration to many in similar situations. Inspired by the attention my posts received, I started an online community dedicated to supporting families caring for loved ones with Alzheimer. Through this platform, I shared tips, resources, and personal stories of hope and resilience. Sometimes Gram’s condition sadly worsened and she didn’t always know who I was. However, it was still a joy to be with Gram in the final chapter of her life and to live each moment to the max. I was grateful for the joy she brought to my life and the unexpected way she inspired me to make a difference in the lives of others. 【解析】 【导语】本文以主人公与奶奶深厚情感为线索展开，讲述了主人公因母亲工作变动而与形影不离的奶奶分开，之后决定搬回去与奶奶同住，两人成为了最好的朋友。主人公在青春期时，奶奶给予了她无条件的爱和支持，帮助她度过了这段时光。然而，随着奶奶年纪的增长，她开始出现奇怪的行为，最终被诊断出患有阿尔茨海默病，需要全天候照顾。主人公对此感到无奈和悲伤，回忆着与奶奶共度的美好时光。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我决定辞职来照顾她。”可知，第一段可描写作者辞职照顾奶奶的情况。 ②由第二段首句内容“当我在网上分享我们日常生活的视频时，意想不到的支持和点赞蜂拥而至。”可知，第二段可描写作者照顾奶奶的事，获得很多人的支持，以及对奶奶的感激。 2. 续写线索：辞职照顾奶奶——带奶奶做之前合作者一起做过的事——奶奶很开心——上传网络——获得支持——交流经验——感激奶奶 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①拥抱：hug/take in one’s arms ②激励：inspire/encourage ③创建：start/found 情绪类 ①使感动：touch/move ②感激的：grateful/appreciative 【点睛】[高分句型1]Seeing her bright smile, I was seized by a sense of relief, feeling like I had done the right thing.(运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2]Sometimes Gram’s condition sadly worsened and she didn’t always know who I was.(运用了who引导的宾语从句) 1—5 BCACB 6—10 ACABA 11—15 BCACA 16—20 CBBAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高中2022级第二学年末教学质量测试 英语 本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分，其中试题卷共10页；答题卡共2页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必在答题卡上将自己的学校、班级、姓名用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写清楚，同时用2B铅笔将考号准确填涂在“考号”栏目内。 2．选择题使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后再选涂其它答案；非选择题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写在答题卡的对应框内，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。 3．考试结束后将答题卡收回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 回答听力部分时，先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题并阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A．￡19.15. B．￡9.18. C．￡9.15. 答案：C 1．What is the man? A．A scientist. B．A teacher. C．An engineer. 2．What does the man like most about the sports? A．Getting close to nature. B．Experiencing adventures. C．Spending some time alone. 3．What will the woman probably do on the weekend? A．Prepare for a contest. B．Attend a literature class C．Ask her teacher for help. 4．Where are the speakers? A．At the railway station. B．At the stadium. C．At the airport. 5．What’s the relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Sister and brother. C．Doctor and patient. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What should the man do first? A．Turn around B．Go ahead. C．Turn right. 7．How will the man probably go to the theater? A．By taking a taxi. B．By taking a bus. C．By walking. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．What will the woman do? A．Buy something to eat. B．Get the car recharged. C．Rest in the charging station. 9．What would the man like to eat? A．A hot dog. B．A beef sandwich. C．A hamburger. 10．Why does the woman offer to pay for the food? A．She is grateful to the man. B．The man has no cash on him. C．The man’s phone is out of power. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What causes the worries of the speakers? A．Storms in Guangdong. B．Increasing natural disasters. C．Extreme weather worldwide. 12．What does the woman think threatens the environment most? A．Climate change. B．Energy shortage. C．Pollution. 13．What kind of energy does the man suggest we use less? A．Fossil fuel. B．Wind power. C．Solar energy. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．How did the woman know about the gym? A．From a poster. B．From a website. C．From a friend. 15．How much does the 6-month membership cost now? A．600. B．800. C．1200. 16．What is the advantage of option two? A．Personalized health evaluation. B．Free access to all the equipment. C．Without restriction on using time. 17．What will be offered in the first three visits? A．Extra fees. B．Nutrition advice. C．A free diet. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．When is the graduation ceremony usually held in America? A．April and May. B．May and June. C．June and July. 19．What do students do first on graduation ceremony? A．Go to the last speeches in college. B．Shake hands with school officials. C．Have their names called to go on stage. 20．What does Jon Stewart suggest? A．Talk humorously in life. B．Follow the real interests. C．Focus on academic results. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Nobody can deny the charm of Christmas Get into the festive spirit with our top recommendations for Christmas markets across Europe. Edinburgh Christmas Market For celebrating Christmas, Edinburgh is a perfect choice for a festive getaway. The Christmas market stretches over the city, packed with Christmas crafts, delicious treats, and fantastic events. It’s also usually the longest-running market in Europe. There are also light shows at the castle, a special program at the zoo, and a variety of performances to choose from. Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market There’s a range of markets to spoil every visitor in Cologne, such as the Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market, located next to the city’s most iconic building. It’s a great opportunity to wander around the stalls (摊位) while admiring the amazing Gothic architecture of the cathedral itself, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Salzburg Christmas market A true winter wonderland with often snow covering, Salzburg is the picture-perfect Christmas market destination. Check out the choral singing in front of the cathedral and try some of the traditional gingerbread, roasted chestnuts, and other sweet treats. Budapest Christmas market This Christmas market offers over 100 stalls serving Hungarian treats ranging from warming goulash to delicious Beijgll, a rolled cake with poppy secds or walnuts. There’s plenty to keep you entertained, with ice skating and Christmas concerts. Climb to the top of Fisherman’s Bastion if you want to see the city in all its festive glory. 1. Which market has the longest operation history in Europe? A. Edinburgh Christmas market. B. Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market. C. Salzburg Christmas market. D. Budapest Christmas market. 2. What makes Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market special? A. Wonderful light shows. B. Christmas choral singing. C. Entertaining Christmas concerts. D. Stunning Gothic architecture nearby. 3. What do Christmas markets in Salzburg and Budapest have in common? A. A good view of the city. B. Various entertainments. C. Delicious foods for tasting. D. A snow-covered wonderland. B Robert Kurtz finds himself right in the middle of a composting (堆肥) revolution. Kurtz is a manager at Rust Belt Riders, a composting company based in Cleveland, Ohio. Its goal is to meet the challenge of climate change by recycling as much food waste as possible. “If we’re going to meet the climate goals, we have to deal with food waste,” Kurtz said. “It’s a huge part of the problem.” Wasted food winds up in landfills. As it breaks down, it creates methane (甲烷), which traps heat in the atmosphere and fuels climate change. The average family in the U.S. spends $1,500 per year on food that doesn’t get eaten. Businesses waste food too. That’s where Kurtz’s job comes in. Every day, Kurtz contacts grocery stores, restaurants, and other food-service businesses to tell them about the harmful effects of food waste. Then, he offers to help them cope with their extra food. So far, Rust Belt Riders has persuaded 300 companies and 2,800 households to do differently with their food waste. The company’s seven trucks and 30 employees pick up their clients’ extra food. Then they compost it, turning it into soil. Compost soil is much more than just dirt. It’s made up of five ingredients that combine to help plants grow. That’s why Kurtz and his colleagues offer a second service: They sell the composted, nutrient-rich soil to people and businesses that need it. In addition to households and businesses. Rust Belt Riders has teamed up with local schools. At Dentzler Elementary, in Parma, Ohio, Rust Belt Riders helps the kitchen staff compost its food leftovers. The 500 students place their food waste into bins during lunch periods. The bins are then collected by Rust Belt Riders. “This program has created a space for all students to become environmental supervisors (监督人) in their own cafeteria when they might not otherwise have the opportunity,” says Emily Cass, a farm-to-school coordinator at Dentzler. 4. What is the aim of Rust Belt Riders? A. To make compost soil. B. To fight climate change. C. To advocate food saving. D. To clean up the landfills. 5. What does Rust Belt Riders mainly do? A. Buy the wasted food from its clients. B. Teach students to compost food waste. C Make compost soil with the collected food. D. Cooperate with schools to sell the compost soil. 6. Which of the following may Emily Cass agree with? A. Students could benefit a lot from the program. B. Students can supervise the environment in class. C. I’s wrong to make profits by selling compost soil. D. The cafeteria is the best place to compost food waste. 7. What is a suitable title for the text? A. A Method of Helping Plants to Grow B. Compost Soil — The Nutrient-rich Soil C. The Composting Revolution of Rust Belt Riders D. Robert Kurtz — An Environmental Conservationist C A new study has shown that playing an instrument or singing in a choir may promote your brain. It explains why generations of parents have told their children to practice their musical instruments. Parents have good reasons to lay emphasis on their children’s musical education since learning an instrument is not only associated with cognitive (认知的) performance but also intelligence scores in children. But does this musicality translate to better cognition later in life? A recent study in the International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry investigated this question by asking middle-aged and older people to complete a questionnaire on their lifetime musical experience before completing cognitive thinking tests. The results showed that musical people had better memory and executive function — the ability to stay focused on tasks, make a plan, and have self-control — than those with less or no musicality. A good memory is important for playing a musical instrument, such as playing music from memory, and this seems to translate to people’s cognitive performance. Similarly, executive function is required when playing an instrument, and it translates to improved cognitive performance too. Although most people in the study played an instrument for only a few years, this finding was similar, regardless of which instrument people played, or the level of musical proficiency (熟练) people acquired. What makes a difference, however, is whether people still play an instrument or only played in the past. Those who still play an instrument show higher cognitive performance. This makes sense as continued engagement in cognitively stimulating activities should result in continued brain health benefits while having played the guitar for three years at primary school might not have such a big impact on our cognitive performance later in life. 8. Why do parents stress children’s musical education? A. It has an effect on mental health. B. It helps children to go to collegc. C. It is beneficial to cognitive thinking. D. It contributes to good scores in study. 9. How does playing an instrument promote one’s brain? A. By stimulating the nerve cells. B. By developing great musicality. C. By bettering one’s learning ability. D. By improving one’s concentration. 10. What influences cognitive performance according to the study? A. Different instruments people play. B. Practicing continuity people keep. C. Musical proficiency people acquire. D. Live performances people engage in. 11. What message does the author seem to convey in the text? A. Musicality leads to success. B. Music affects children’s growth. C. Playing instruments boosts cognition. D. Instrument players have healthier brains. D Robots with artificial intelligence (AI) have been tested in care homes in the UK and Japan. Initial tests show that the robots reduce loneliness and improve the mental health of elderly residents. The robot, called Pepper, was developed for a project called CARESSES. which is trying to create robots that behave and speak like the people they’re helping. To do this, Pepper uses a new type of AI that gives it “cultural competence,” or the ability to adjust how it speaks to different people, taking things like age, culture and religion into account. The robot is autonomous and can remember things about the people it talks to, ask questions and make suggestions for activities. It can play the radio and is also able to remind people about important dates or to take medication. The test project, which ran from 2017 to January 2020, was funded by the European Union and the Japanese government. The study found that older adults who spent up to 18 hours over two weeks with the robot saw a significant improvement in their mental health and a small decrease in loneliness. However, only 45 people participated, so more research is needed to confirm the results. “This study is groundbreaking because it is the first and largest ever investigation into the use of autonomous social robots for older adults in care settings,” said Dr. Chris Papadopoulos of the University of Bedfordshire, one of the universities that worked on the study. “Poor mental health and loneliness are significant health concerns and we have demonstrated that robots can help relieve these.” However, according to users, there were some problems, like distracting head and hand movements, not enough cultural awareness, and surface conversations. Papadopoulos said that Pepper is still being developed and it would take two to three more years of research and development before similar robots could be used in care homes. He also said Pepper wouldn’t replace human careers, but could help to improve the mental health of the elderly. 12. What can Pepper do for the elderly? A. Make decisions for them. B. Introduce different cultures to them. C. Remind them of some important things. D. Provide some simple medical treatments. 13. What do we know about the project? A. It proves helpful for the elderly. B. It was funded by the UK and Japan. C. It lasted three years with confirmed results. D. It aims to create robots with thinking ability. 14. What does the underlined word “groundbreaking” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Deserving. B. Innovative. C. Ordinary. D. Rewarding. 15. What can be inferred about the robot? A. It is for sale on the market currently. B. It is a success without any weakness. C. It will replace caretakers in care homes. D. It provides a way of company for the elderly. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Resilience refers to the ability to recover quickly from difficulties, setbacks and failures. Resilient individuals are able to bounce back from tough situation, often strengthened and more powerful than before. Research has shown that for certain people, resilience may seem to come naturally. ___16___. Here are some techniques you can employ. Believe in yourself Having confidence in your own ability to cope with the stress of life can play an important part in resilience. Always remind yourself of your own strengths and accomplishments. ___17___. When you hear them, practice immediately replacing them with positive ones, such as, “I can do this,” “I’m a great friend/mother/partner,” or “I’m good at my job.” ___18___ Having caring, supportive people around you acts as a protective factor during times of crisis. While simply talking about a situation with a friend or loved one won’t make your trouble go away, it allows you to share your feelings, get support, receive positive feedback, and come up with possible solutions to your problems. Embrace change ___19___. By learning how to be more adaptable, you’ll be better equipped to respond when faced with a life crisis. Resilient people often use the event as an opportunity to branch out in new directions. While some people may feel upset by sudden changes, highly resilient individuals are able to adapt and make progress. Everyone can learn to be resilient and it doesn’t involve any specific set of behaviors or actions. ___20___. Resilience may take time to build, so don’t get discouraged if you still struggle to cope with different problems. A. Be willing to share B. Develop a strong social network C. Therefore, they get out of trouble easily D. Don’t be afraid of the negative comments E. Flexibility is an essential part of resilience F. However, it can also be learned later in life G. It can vary dramatically from person to person 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Ghunta was born into a poor family in a rural part of Western Jamaica. He, together with his brothers and sisters was ___21___ by a single mother, who often had to make ___22___ choices about how to make use of their ___23___ resources, including the choice to send his oldest sister to school, and to keep Ghunta at home. When he finally ___24___ school, he struggled to catch up on his reading skills for lack of ___25___ to books. By the time he entered sixth grade, he could only spell his name, but unable to recognize words or read with ___26___. The obvious gap in studying made Ghunta shy and lonely. The situation was further ___27___ by some teachers who made him feel worthless. However, when Ghunta was about 12, a young teacher-in-training decided to launch a special reading program for ___28___ students. Ghunta was the first student to be ___29___. That teacher, who was incredibly kind to him, had a profound impact on him. “She did not ask anything of me, ___30___ that I work hard and believe in myself,” he recalled. Under her guidance, Ghunta’s reading skills ___31___ improved, and he began to have faith in himself. His life took on a new ___32___ and a passion for writing was burning within him. Today, Ghunta is not only a published author but also an award-winning poet. With hard work, dedication and ___33___ of a kind teacher, it is possible to ___34___ hardship and achieve our dreams, no matter how ___35___ the journey may seem. 21. A. cared about B. turned out C. brought up D. sent away 22. A. tough B. sensitive C. obvious D. simple 23. A. various B. limited C. relevant D. natural 24. A. quit B. finished C. acquired D. attended 25. A. exposure B. approach C. appeal D. devotion 26. A. intelligence B. need C. interest D. doubt 27. A. improved B. controlled C. complicated D. worsened 28. A. struggling B. excellent C. curious D. gifted 29. A. thanked B. blamed C. included D. refused 30. A. except B. besides C. such D. so 31. A. typically B. gradually C. frequently D. slightly 32. A. look B. duty C. focus D. victory 33. A. optimism B. permission C. pressure D. support 34. A. identify B. overcome C. face D. admit 35. A. effortless B. endless C. challenging D. thrilling 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A fisherman from USA caught a very rare bright blue lobster (龙虾) off the coast of Maine and ___36___ (choose) to set it free back into the ocean. But the ___37___ (photo) of it went viral on the social media. While the shells of lobsters are generally red or brown in color, the blue shell is a result of a genetic mutation (突变), ___38___ causes the lobster to produce more of a particular protein than others, ___39___ (lead) to the rare blue color. Because blue lobsters are ___40___ (extreme) rare, fishermen Believe it’s a sign of good luck to catch one. Yellow, orange and crystal-colored lobsters are considered even ___41___ (rare) than bright blue ones. According to the lobster Institute, yellow lobsters account for about one in 30 million of the total population, while the chances of catching a crystal lobster are believed to be one in 100 million. Blue lobsters may not be the most unusual, ___42___ they are undoubtedly the best to look at. Many restaurants in the UK have agreed to spare the rare blue lobsters and give them a new place ___43___ (live). “I felt responsible. Something so rare doesn’t require a place on the menu. Every species ___44___ (deserve) a fair chance at survival,” Said Austin Hopley, a chef at “The Hare”, “It is ____45____ extraordinary finding and worth saving to try to educate the public about the amazing creatures in the ecosystem.” 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，在国外一所高中进行交换学习，学校餐厅为提高服务质量在广泛征求意见，请你给餐厅经理John写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．反馈问题； 2．提出建议。 注意：1．词数80左右，文章首尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear John, I am writing to share some feedback and suggestions regarding the cafeteria. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was 2002, and two months earlier, my mum, Debbie, bad moved my two older sisters and me 4000km away from our old home and my grandma Mary, 62, for a new job. Before the move, Grams, as I called her, lived with us, and she and I shared a bedroom. She’d help me get ready for school each morning, and on weekends she’d take me shopping or to the horse races. We’re like two peas in a pod (形影不离). Everywhere we went, people knew Grams for her outgoing personality and I missed it desperately. “I want to move back with Grams,” I told Mum one day. Aware of our special bond, she told me to call Grams and see what she thought. “I’d love that. Krissy!” Grams exclaimed down the phone line. So at 15, I flew back to live with her. We became properly best friends. watching old movies or dancing to music together. Grams was very stylish, often giving me fashion advice, and she also taught me how to cook. When I attended high school, I bccame a bit wild, staying out late. But when I came home, Grams always welcomed me with open arms. “Remember, Krissy.” she told me, “No matter where life takes you, family is what matters.” It was her unconditional love that got me through my teenage years and kept me from going completely off the rails. When she reached her early 70s. Grams began exhibiting some strange behavior. One day, I noticed she’d turned on the oven. “What are you cooking, Grams?” I called out. “I’m not cooking anything,” she responded in confusion from the living room. This forgetfulness became a pattern of dangerous behavior. One day, we even found her barefoot in the snow. Eventually, she confessed that something didn’t feel right in her mind. “It’s like I’m not here in this world with you,” she told me sadly. I took her to the doctor and the result was heartbreaking. “Your grandma has Alzheimer’s disease,” the doctor told us, “she’ll need 24-hour care.” Helpless, we checked her into assisted living. However, it seemed that my once lively grandma was very depressed there, which grieved me a great deal. 注意：1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I decided to quit my job to look after her. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: As I shared the videos of our daily life online, unexpected support and likes poured in. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1—5 BCACB 6—10 ACABA 11—15 BCACA 16—20 CBBAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$