精品解析：安徽省马鞍山中加双语学校2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考英语试卷

2023-2024学年第二学期高一期中考试 英语试题 考试时间：120分钟 试卷分数：150分 第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共95分) 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1. What does the man want to do? A. Reserve a cheap hotel. B Go to Mexico on business. C. Relax and enjoy himself. 2. What will the woman get? A. Carpet cleaner. B. A paper towel. C. A glass of wine. 3. Who is the woman? A. She’s a teacher. B. She’s a student. C. She’s an assistant. 4. Where are the speakers headed? A. To a swimming pool. B. To the beach. C. To a restaurant. 5. Why is the museum of great significance? A. It’s a museum for old art. B. It will be built on a small island. C. It’s the first of its kind in Indonesia. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. How much does an entrance ticket cost? A. Two dollars. B. Five dollars. C. Seven dollars. 7. How does the woman pay? A. In cash. B. By cheque. C. By credit card. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. Where did the tomato sauce come from? A. A local farm. B. A store only five miles away. C. The man’s own tomatoes. 9. What does the woman think of cooking? A. She enjoys it. B. It makes her feel creative. C. She doesn’t have the patience for it. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Husband and wife. C. Neighbors. 11. Where did the man go to college? A. In Washington. B. In Texas. C. In Nebraska. 12. What is the woman’s job? A. She is a computer programmer. B She is a banker. C. She is an artist. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13. What did Fitbit say about the recent study? A. It was false. B. It hurt their business. C. They had no comment. 14. When does the man use his Fitbit? A. Only when he’s exercising. B. During the daytime. C. All the time. 15. What does the man think of his Fitbit? A. It’s sometimes uncomfortable to wear. B. It’s of good value. C It’s of little use. 16. How does the woman sound? A. Interested. B. Bored. C. Upset. 听下面一段独白，问答以下小题 17. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. A search engine. B. A language program. C. A free lesson website for teachers. 18. How many people use Duolingo currently? A. Over one hundred million. B. A few hundred thousand. C. Several thousand. 19. Where is Luis von Ahn from? A. Switzerland. B. Guatemala. C. Costa Rica. 20. How was Duolingo originally funded? A. By big websites. B. By an actor. C. By school. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature Grading Scale 90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E. Essays (60%) Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%. Group Assignments (30%) Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system. Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%) Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded. Late Work An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted. 1. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. A course plan. D. An academic article. 2. How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of? A Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 3. What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date? A. You will receive a zero. B. You will lose a letter grade. C. You will be given a test. D. You will have to rewrite it. B Born in Anhui Province, Tao Xingzhi (October18, 1891-July 25, 1946) was one of the greatest educationalists, social activists and patriots in modern China. When he was young, Tao lived in a poverty-stricken area and had witnessed miserable life of Chinese people, especially that of the peasants who accounted for 80% of the nation’s population, under the suppression of foreign invaders (外国侵略者的压迫) at that time. After graduating from Nanjing University as the top student with the highest scores in all courses, Tao set out for the US to further his education. At first, he studied politics in University of Illinois but soon he found that politics offered no help for saving the country, and then he changed his major into education. Six-year experience abroad let Tao Xingzhi come to realize the sharp contrast between China and developed countries, and drove him to make up his mind to change the situation in China. Tao declined a number of invitations from many famous universities and gave up high salaries as a college professor. Instead, he set up Xiaozhuang Normal School in the countryside of Nanjing to develop educational cause in rural areas. When he returned to China from Japan in 1939, Tao set up Yu Cai School in Sichuan Province for the kids who lost their family in Anti-Japanese War (抗日战争). He picked out those with special talents and trained them to be useful men for the nation. Zhou Enlai, former Chinese premier, once paid a visit to this school and gave a high praise. As an educationalist, Tao devoted his entire life to the educational-cause for Chinese. Quite different from other major educationalists at that time, Tao carried out life education and said that “life education means an education of life, by life and for life”. Because of overtoil (积劳成疾), he died on July 25, 1946 in Shanghai. Chairman Mao praised him as “a great educationalist for the people”. In memory of this great man, Tao Xingzhi Museum was built in Shanghai in 1986. 4. The underlined phrase “accounted for” in the first paragraph has the same meaning of the phrase “______”. A. depended on B. took up C. carried out D. put off 5. All the following took place in 1939 except ______. A. Mr Tao returned from Japan to China B. Mr Tao set up Yu Cai School in Sichuan Province C. Mr Tao picked out some with special talents and trained them D. Mr Tao established Xiaozhuang Normal School in Nanjing 6. The last paragraph mainly discusses _______. A. Tao Xingzhi’s great contribution B. Tao Xingzhi’s diseases C. Tao Xingzhi’s daily life D. Tao Xingzhi’s educational theories 7. This article is most probably taken from _______. A. a tourist website B. an entertainment website C. an educational website· D. a scientific research website C There are a number of animals that give off light in some way-including several kinds of insects and fish. Some kinds of mushrooms give off light, too. But most plants don’t give out light. Now, scientists are working to change that. When a living thing gives off light, it’s called bioluminescence (生物发光). Fireflies are a well-known example of bioluminescence. Though less well-known, many mushrooms are also bioluminescent. These bioluminescent creatures light up thanks to the chemicals called luciferins (荧光素)inside their bodies. Luciferins cause a chemical reaction that can give off light. Plants don’t naturally have luciferins, so there are no naturally bioluminescent plants. But that hasn’t stopped scientists from trying to create them. In the past, scientists have created plants that made less bright by adding DNA from shining objects. Scientists have also created plants that can give off light by adding luciferins to plants. But it only works as long as the chemicals last. In 2017, a team was able to cause a plant to give off light for about four hours. Now, researchers at a Russian company have come up with a new method of creating shining plants. By adding certain parts of the DNA from shining mushrooms to ordinary tobacco plants, the researchers were able to create plants that could make their own luciferins. The scientists reported that the light was about 10 times brighter than in earlier shining plants. The researchers believe that shining plants could help scientists learn more about the way plants work. For example, the moving patterns or waves of light in the plants may show activities in plants that normally can’t be seen. The shining also helps reveal how plants may be affected by things around them. For example, the plants gave off much more light strongly when a ripe banana skin was nearby. But the researchers don’t think the plants will just be used for science. They think many people may want shining plants for their beauty. So they are working with a company to develop shining plants for sale. 8. What phenomenon does the author describe in paragraph 1? A. Most animals hate giving off light. B. Many plants give off light through scientists’ efforts. C. Animals give off light to protect themselves. D. It’s hard to find plants that give out light. 9. What happens when a firefly lights up? A. It gives off lots of heat to warm itself. B. It has chemical reactions inside its body. C. It lacks energy due to chemical reactions. D. It informs other fireflies of the danger. 10. How does the author support his viewpoint in the last paragraph? A. By showing numbers. B. By making a comparison. C. By providing examples. D. By making a summary. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. Human development results in less shining plants B. Scientists manage to create shining plants C. People’s lifestyles are reflected in shining plants D. Geography determines the types of shining plants D China’s generation-Z is not “lying flat”, an expression forgiving upon hard work, as is often claimed, and making an effort is still the mainstream of a group who believes success should be achieved by solid effort, Chinese officials said at a press conference on Thursday, in response to a question on how younger generations should achieve balance between a lifestyle of “lying flat” in face of great pressure and “involution,” which refers to severe internal competition that does not lead to productivity gains. “Most Chinese youth hold an optimistic view on the future, and the saying’ lying flat’ is more of a joke to release pressure and express their feelings,” He Junke, a government official said at a press conference on Thursday. At the press conference, China released the first nationwide whitepaper on youth development titled “Youth of China in the New Era,” which showcased achievements linked to the country’s youth development in the new era and reflected the spirit of younger generation. The whitepaper was also released ahead of the 100th anniversary of the founding of CYLC (共青团). He said China has attached great importance to deeper issues reflected by talk of “lying flat”, which emerged as young generation is subject to increasing pressure across work, study and life amid China’s unique demographic (人口统计学的，人口学的) structure and highly competitive labor market. “Some in the younger generation feel confused or lost. In response, authorities have scaled up the amount of support available to help solve their issues in education, employment, marriage and child raising,” He noted, while urging the whole society to support the mental development and psychology of generation-Z. He pointed out that it is also important for certain young people to realize that it is unrealistic to build a career without taking responsibility and making endeavor. “All happiness is achieved through devoted effort, and making endeavor itself is also a kind of happiness,” He stressed. 12. What is He Junke’s attitude towards “lying flat”? A. Objective. B. Subjective. C. Opposed. D. Favorable. 13. Why do young people adopt the attitude of “lying flat”? A. More and more young people choose to lie flat in China, B. Young people face great pressure in their study, work and life. C. China’s population structure affects the supply of labor market. D. The government needs to celebrate the 100th anniversary of CYLC. 14. How can the problem of “lying flat” be rid of? A. Young people should take responsibility and make efforts to achieve success. B. The whole society should care about young people’s physical and mental health. C. Authorities should help young people and give them support in many aspects of life. D. All of the above. 15. What is the purpose of writing this passage? A. To call on a low carbon lifestyle. B. To inform the latest research on the social development. C. To set a goal for the young people who are under pressure on study. D. To address a social problem among young generations in the newer era. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A kitchen garden produces vegetables for delicious, healthy meals. It doesn’t have to be right outside the kitchen door, but the closer it is, the better. ____16____, the more likely it is that you will get tasty things out of it. Just a few steps are needed for what you want. ____17____. The most important recommendation is start with what you like to eat. This may go without saying, but I have seen first-year gardens that don’t reflect the eating habits of their growers. One of the easiest and most rewarding and popular kitchen gardens is a simple salad garden. It can produce multiple harvests in most parts of the country. Planting a garden: where, when and how. Make a garden plan of what will be planted, where, when and how. ____18____. It means you should know what they like in terms of space, water, soil fertility (肥力) and soil temperatures. When and how much to water your garden. Vegetables are made mostly of water. ____19____.You’ll want to water them lightly every day or two. If nature isn’t providing that amount of rain, you’ll need to water by yourself or with a drip irrigation system. Garden maintenance: keep an eye on it. Sun and rain willing, fast growers such as radishes (萝卜) and salad greens will begin to produce crops as early as 20 to 30 days after planting. Check on them regularly so you get to harvest them before someone else does. ____20____. A. Choosing garden crops B. Getting ready for garden site C. The easier it is for you to get into the garden D. So you need to ensure your plants have enough water E. You show an interest in how to produce multiple harvests F. To do this, you need to get familiar with all kinds of crops G. Besides, protective barriers and organic products can prevent pests and diseases 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题) 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分15分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) My community and state are still recovering from the disaster that hit the area recently. A wall of storms with hurricane force winds ___21___ late on a Friday evening knocking down trees, ___22___ roads, damaging homes, and destroying power lines. Hundreds of thousands of people suddenly ___23___themselves in the dark without water, electricity, air conditioning, telephones, internet, and television. They were ___24___ from the modern world suffering unbearable 90 degree plus heat with no help and no idea ___25___ it would be over. The most ___26___ thing happened, however, as the reality of the crisis sank in: it brought out the best in us. While there were a few acts of ___27___ and stealing, they were overwhelmed (压倒) by the wave of ___28___ and compassion that came from the hearts of so many. People shared their food, ice, and gasoline. People who still had ___29___ opened their homes to those who had none. People rushed out to ___30___roads and homes of fallen trees. Selfless power crews worked around the clock to repair the damage and ___31___ electricity. Life’s disasters strike all of us from time to time. No one is ___32___. We all get hurt. We all get ___33___. How we respond to them, though, is up to us. We can let them bring out the worst in us or we can let them bring out the best in us. We can ___34___ them like devils of selfishness or like angels of love. May you always bring the best from your heart and soul to whatever life may ___35___ at you then. May you live all of your days here with so much love that you sing and smile. 21 A. drew B. arose C. struck D. faded 22. A. closing B. wiping C. narrowing D. blocking 23. A. devoted B. found C. pictured D. patted 24. A. cut off B. called off C. torn down D. taken off 25. A. where B. why C. how D. when 26. A. decent B. terrible C. amazing D. accidental 27. A. distance B. enthusiasm C. prejudice D. selfishness 28. A. hatred B. love C. respect D. belief 29. A. confidence B. power C. guidance D. virtue 30. A. destroy B. move C. clear D. build 31. A. restore B. remove C. return D. reduce 32. A. saved B. spared C. punished D. forgiven 33. A. cheated B. removed C. challenged D. arranged 34. A. weigh on B. react to C. take in D. care for 35. A. throw B. shoot C. aim D. glance 第Ⅱ卷(共55分) 第三部分：英语知识运用(共一节，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 ChatGPT is an advanced AI chat robot ___36___ (train) by OpenAI that interacts in a conversational way. The dialogue format allows ChatGPT ___37___ (answer) follow-up questions, admit mistakes, challenge incorrect premises, and reject inappropriate requests. The arrival of ChatGPT will push educators to focus more on teaching subjects which technology is not good at, ___38___ senior education expert said. Andreas Schleicher, director of education, said he ___39___ (actual) welcomes this development. And he also thinks ___40___ a chance to make people focus less on tasks that technology can achieve equally well. “The future is not about technology versus humans but is about combining technology ___41___ humans,” he said. “ChatGPT pushes us to think harder of what makes us human.” “In the past, the world rewarded you for what you know. ___42___, nowadays the world rewards you for what you can do with what you know, and I think ChatGPT pushes us to work harder on this.” He said. If students are only as smart as a smartphone, it means ___43___ (educate) are not doing enough, he said. People should focus on developing human skills that truly are important, ___44___ means people should develop skills like imagination and creativity. While search engines such as Google or Baidu simply extract knowledge, ChatGPT goes a step further and analyzes a search before providing people with a single answer. As a device, ChatGPT ____45____(make) learning much more interesting and powerful in the future, but as a purpose and objective, humans need to work very hard to win that race with technology, he added. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的朋友John沉迷于B站(Bilibili)而不能自拔，写信向你寻求帮助，请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1.表示理解和关心； 2.沉迷B站的影响； 3.提出具体建议。 注意：1.词数100词左右。 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：沉溺于be addicted to；沉溺addiction ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was summer. My dad finally decided to take me on a special trip to Inner Mongolia that day, which made me excited. We took a plane to Hohhot, the provincial capital of Inner Mongolia. The moment we got off the plane in the late afternoon, we saw Uncle Zhang, a farmer whose house we had booked, welcoming us over there. He picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm. His wife, Aunt Liu cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his family. My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm house listening to the birds singing in the grasslands. Very early in the morning, Uncle Zhang woke us up to have breakfast. “The day starts at dawn on my farm,” he said. After breakfast, my dad began to ride horses with Uncle Zhang. In the afternoon, Uncle Zhang wondered if I would take a horse ride. I said I would if my dad accompanied me. So, my dad and I got on our horses, and headed slowly towards the distance. Soon after, Uncle Zhang’s farm was out of sight behind. After a long period, we stopped our horses, and began to enjoy the beautiful green grassland ahead. The cool wind was slightly blowing our face. Once in a while we could still hear some birds sing in the woods nearby. It was so peaceful and quiet. I had never been so relaxed before. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为100左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: We had no idea where we were and it was getting dark. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024学年第二学期高一期中考试 英语试题 考试时间：120分钟 试卷分数：150分 第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共95分) 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1. What does the man want to do? A. Reserve a cheap hotel. B. Go to Mexico on business. C. Relax and enjoy himself. 2. What will the woman get? A. Carpet cleaner. B. A paper towel. C. A glass of wine. 3. Who is the woman? A. She’s a teacher. B. She’s a student. C. She’s an assistant. 4. Where are the speakers headed? A. To a swimming pool. B. To the beach. C. To a restaurant. 5. Why is the museum of great significance? A. It’s a museum for old art. B. It will be built on a small island. C. It’s the first of its kind in Indonesia. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. How much does an entrance ticket cost? A. Two dollars. B. Five dollars. C. Seven dollars. 7. How does the woman pay? A. In cash. B. By cheque. C. By credit card. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. Where did the tomato sauce come from? A. A local farm. B. A store only five miles away. C. The man’s own tomatoes. 9. What does the woman think of cooking? A She enjoys it. B. It makes her feel creative. C. She doesn’t have the patience for it. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Husband and wife. C. Neighbors. 11. Where did the man go to college? A. In Washington. B. In Texas. C. In Nebraska. 12. What is the woman’s job? A. She is a computer programmer. B. She is a banker. C. She is an artist. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13. What did Fitbit say about the recent study? A. It was false. B. It hurt their business. C. They had no comment. 14. When does the man use his Fitbit? A. Only when he’s exercising. B. During the daytime. C. All the time. 15. What does the man think of his Fitbit? A. It’s sometimes uncomfortable to wear. B. It’s of good value. C It’s of little use. 16. How does the woman sound? A. Interested. B. Bored. C. Upset. 听下面一段独白，问答以下小题 17. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. A search engine. B. A language program. C. A free lesson website for teachers. 18. How many people use Duolingo currently? A. Over one hundred million. B. A few hundred thousand. C. Several thousand. 19. Where is Luis von Ahn from? A. Switzerland. B. Guatemala. C. Costa Rica. 20. How was Duolingo originally funded? A. By big websites. B. By an actor. C. By school. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature Grading Scale 90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E. Essays (60%) Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%. Group Assignments (30%) Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system. Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%) Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded. Late Work An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted. 1. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. A course plan. D. An academic article. 2. How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of? A Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 3. What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date? A. You will receive a zero. B. You will lose a letter grade. C. You will be given a test. D. You will have to rewrite it. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature (文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays (60%)部分“Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade of for this course (你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。由此推知，本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“Essays (60%)”以及“Group Assignments (30%)”和“Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Groups Work/Homework (10%)”可知，学生的最终成绩由3部分组成。故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Late Work”部分“If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. (如果没有在截止日期后的第4天上交，将会得到零分)”可知，如果在截止日期后一周才交文章，你将会得零分。故选A项。 【点睛】 B Born in Anhui Province, Tao Xingzhi (October18, 1891-July 25, 1946) was one of the greatest educationalists, social activists and patriots in modern China. When he was young, Tao lived in a poverty-stricken area and had witnessed miserable life of Chinese people, especially that of the peasants who accounted for 80% of the nation’s population, under the suppression of foreign invaders (外国侵略者的压迫) at that time. After graduating from Nanjing University as the top student with the highest scores in all courses, Tao set out for the US to further his education. At first, he studied politics in University of Illinois but soon he found that politics offered no help for saving the country, and then he changed his major into education. Six-year experience abroad let Tao Xingzhi come to realize the sharp contrast between China and developed countries, and drove him to make up his mind to change the situation in China. Tao declined a number of invitations from many famous universities and gave up high salaries as a college professor. Instead, he set up Xiaozhuang Normal School in the countryside of Nanjing to develop educational cause in rural areas. When he returned to China from Japan in 1939, Tao set up Yu Cai School in Sichuan Province for the kids who lost their family in Anti-Japanese War (抗日战争). He picked out those with special talents and trained them to be useful men for the nation. Zhou Enlai, former Chinese premier, once paid a visit to this school and gave a high praise. As an educationalist, Tao devoted his entire life to the educational-cause for Chinese. Quite different from other major educationalists at that time, Tao carried out life education and said that “life education means an education of life, by life and for life”. Because of overtoil (积劳成疾), he died on July 25, 1946 in Shanghai. Chairman Mao praised him as “a great educationalist for the people”. In memory of this great man, Tao Xingzhi Museum was built in Shanghai in 1986. 4. The underlined phrase “accounted for” in the first paragraph has the same meaning of the phrase “______”. A. depended on B. took up C. carried out D. put off 5. All the following took place in 1939 except ______. A. Mr Tao returned from Japan to China B. Mr Tao set up Yu Cai School in Sichuan Province C. Mr Tao picked out some with special talents and trained them D. Mr Tao established Xiaozhuang Normal School in Nanjing 6. The last paragraph mainly discusses _______. A. Tao Xingzhi’s great contribution B. Tao Xingzhi’s diseases C Tao Xingzhi’s daily life D. Tao Xingzhi’s educational theories 7. This article is most probably taken from _______. A. a tourist website B. an entertainment website C. an educational website· D. a scientific research website 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了中国现代教育家、社会活动家和爱国者陶行知先生的生平事迹和教育理念。文章详细描述了陶先生从贫困的童年到留学美国，再到回国致力于农村和战时教育的经历，展现了他对国家和人民的无私奉献和对教育事业的深厚感情。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据空后的宾语“80% of the nation’s population(全国人口80%的农民)”可推测，农民占全国人口的80%。划线短语accounted for为“占据”之意。选项A“depended on(依赖)”；选项B“took up(占据)”；选项C“carried out (执行)”；选项D“put off(推迟)”。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When he returned to China from Japan in 1939, Tao set up Yu Cai School in Sichuan Province for the kids who lost their family in Anti-Japanese War (抗日战争). He picked out those with special talents and trained them to be useful men for the nation.(1939年，他从日本回到中国，为在抗日战争中失去家人的孩子们在四川建立了育才学校(抗日战争)。他挑选出那些有特殊才能的人，把他们培养成对国家有用的人。)”可知，选项D“Mr Tao established Xiaozhuang Normal School in Nanjing(陶先生在南京创办了晓庄师范学校)”不是发生在1939年。故选D。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“As an educationalist, Tao devoted his entire life to the educational-cause for Chinese. Quite different from other major educationalists at that time, Tao carried out life education and said that “life education means an education of life, by life and for life”. Because of overtoil (积劳成疾), he died on July 25, 1946 in Shanghai. Chairman Mao praised him as “a great educationalist for the people”. In memory of this great man, Tao Xingzhi Museum was built in Shanghai in 1986.(作为一名教育家，陶把他的一生都献给了中国的教育事业。与当时其他主要教育家不同的是，他实行生活教育，并说“生活教育是生活所原有、生活所自营、生活所必需的教育”。因积劳成疾，1946年7月25日在上海逝世。毛主席称赞他是“伟大的人民教育家”。为了纪念这位伟人，陶行知博物馆于1986年在上海落成。)”可知，最后一段主要讲述的是陶行知的伟大贡献。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Born in Anhui Province, Tao Xingzhi (October18, 1891-July 25, 1946) was one of the greatest educationalists, social activists and patriots in modern China. (陶行知(1891年10月18日- 1946年7月25日)，安徽人，中国近代最伟大的教育家、社会活动家和爱国主义者之一。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了中国现代教育家陶行知先生的生平事迹和教育理念，因此最有可能出自一个教育类网站。故选C。 C There are a number of animals that give off light in some way-including several kinds of insects and fish. Some kinds of mushrooms give off light, too. But most plants don’t give out light. Now, scientists are working to change that. When a living thing gives off light, it’s called bioluminescence (生物发光). Fireflies are a well-known example of bioluminescence. Though less well-known, many mushrooms are also bioluminescent. These bioluminescent creatures light up thanks to the chemicals called luciferins (荧光素)inside their bodies. Luciferins cause a chemical reaction that can give off light. Plants don’t naturally have luciferins, so there are no naturally bioluminescent plants. But that hasn’t stopped scientists from trying to create them. In the past, scientists have created plants that made less bright by adding DNA from shining objects. Scientists have also created plants that can give off light by adding luciferins to plants. But it only works as long as the chemicals last. In 2017, a team was able to cause a plant to give off light for about four hours. Now, researchers at a Russian company have come up with a new method of creating shining plants. By adding certain parts of the DNA from shining mushrooms to ordinary tobacco plants, the researchers were able to create plants that could make their own luciferins. The scientists reported that the light was about 10 times brighter than in earlier shining plants. The researchers believe that shining plants could help scientists learn more about the way plants work. For example, the moving patterns or waves of light in the plants may show activities in plants that normally can’t be seen. The shining also helps reveal how plants may be affected by things around them. For example, the plants gave off much more light strongly when a ripe banana skin was nearby. But the researchers don’t think the plants will just be used for science. They think many people may want shining plants for their beauty. So they are working with a company to develop shining plants for sale. 8. What phenomenon does the author describe in paragraph 1? A. Most animals hate giving off light. B. Many plants give off light through scientists’ efforts. C. Animals give off light to protect themselves. D. It’s hard to find plants that give out light. 9. What happens when a firefly lights up? A It gives off lots of heat to warm itself. B. It has chemical reactions inside its body. C. It lacks energy due to chemical reactions. D. It informs other fireflies of the danger. 10. How does the author support his viewpoint in the last paragraph? A. By showing numbers. B. By making a comparison. C. By providing examples. D. By making a summary. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. Human development results in less shining plants B. Scientists manage to create shining plants C. People’s lifestyles are reflected in shining plants D. Geography determines the types of shining plants 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了科学家正设法创造发光植物。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“But most plants don’t give out light. Now, scientists are working to change that.”（ 但是大多数植物不发光。现在，科学家们正在努力改变这种状况。）可知，很难找到发光植物。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“These bioluminescent creatures light up thanks to the chemicals called luciferins（荧光素）inside their bodies. Luciferins cause a chemical reaction that can give off light.”（ 这些发光的生物之所以能发光，是因为它们体内有一种叫做荧光素的化学物质。荧光素引起一种化学反应，可以发光。）可知，一只萤火虫发光是体内发生了化学反应。故选B项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“For example, the moving patterns or waves of light in the plants may show activities in plants that normally can’t be seen. The shining also helps reveal how plants may be affected by things around them. For example, the plants gave off much more light strongly when a ripe banana skin was nearby.”（ 例如，植物中移动的模式或光波可能显示出植物通常看不见的活动。这种闪光也有助于揭示植物是如何受到周围事物的影响的。例如，当附近有成熟的香蕉皮时，植物会发出更强的光。）可知，最后一段主要是通过举例子来支撑观点的。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“But most plants don’t give out light. Now, scientists are working to change that.”（ 但是大多数植物不发光。现在，科学家们正在努力改变这种状况。）以及第四段“Now, researchers at a Russian company have come up with a new method of creating shining plants.”（现在，一家俄罗斯公司的研究人员提出了一种制造发光植物的新方法。）可知，短文的最佳标题为“科学家们设法创造出发光的植物”。故选B项。 D China’s generation-Z is not “lying flat”, an expression forgiving upon hard work, as is often claimed, and making an effort is still the mainstream of a group who believes success should be achieved by solid effort, Chinese officials said at a press conference on Thursday, in response to a question on how younger generations should achieve balance between a lifestyle of “lying flat” in face of great pressure and “involution,” which refers to severe internal competition that does not lead to productivity gains. “Most Chinese youth hold an optimistic view on the future, and the saying’ lying flat’ is more of a joke to release pressure and express their feelings,” He Junke, a government official said at a press conference on Thursday. At the press conference, China released the first nationwide whitepaper on youth development titled “Youth of China in the New Era,” which showcased achievements linked to the country’s youth development in the new era and reflected the spirit of younger generation. The whitepaper was also released ahead of the 100th anniversary of the founding of CYLC (共青团). He said China has attached great importance to deeper issues reflected by talk of “lying flat”, which emerged as young generation is subject to increasing pressure across work, study and life amid China’s unique demographic (人口统计学的，人口学的) structure and highly competitive labor market. “Some in the younger generation feel confused or lost. In response, authorities have scaled up the amount of support available to help solve their issues in education, employment, marriage and child raising,” He noted, while urging the whole society to support the mental development and psychology of generation-Z. He pointed out that it is also important for certain young people to realize that it is unrealistic to build a career without taking responsibility and making endeavor. “All happiness is achieved through devoted effort, and making endeavor itself is also a kind of happiness,” He stressed. 12. What is He Junke’s attitude towards “lying flat”? A. Objective. B. Subjective. C. Opposed. D. Favorable. 13. Why do young people adopt the attitude of “lying flat”? A. More and more young people choose to lie flat in China, B. Young people face great pressure in their study, work and life. C. China’s population structure affects the supply of labor market. D. The government needs to celebrate the 100th anniversary of CYLC. 14. How can the problem of “lying flat” be rid of? A. Young people should take responsibility and make efforts to achieve success. B. The whole society should care about young people’s physical and mental health. C. Authorities should help young people and give them support in many aspects of life. D. All of the above. 15. What is the purpose of writing this passage? A. To call on a low carbon lifestyle. B. To inform the latest research on the social development. C. To set a goal for the young people who are under pressure on study. D. To address a social problem among young generations in the newer era. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国政府为什么高度重视“躺平”的问题，因为这一问题反映了更深层次的问题。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段““Most Chinese youth hold an optimistic view on the future, and the saying’ lying flat’ is more of a joke to release pressure and express their feelings,” He Junke, a government official said at a press conference on Thursday.”（大多数中国年轻人对未来持乐观态度，‘躺平’这个说法更多的是一个释放压力和表达感情的笑话，”政府官员He Junke在周四的新闻发布会上说。）可知，He Junke只是评价了这种现象，并未表达自己的观点，所以他对“躺平”是客观的。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“He said China has attached great importance to deeper issues reflected by talk of “lying flat”, which emerged as young generation is subject to increasing pressure across work, study and life amid China’s unique demographic(人口统计学的，人口学的) structure and highly competitive labor market.”（ 他说，中国非常重视“躺平”所反映的更深层次的问题，在中国独特的人口结构和竞争激烈的劳动力市场中，年轻一代面临着越来越大的工作、学习和生活压力。）可知，为什么年轻人采取“躺平”的态度是因为年轻人在学习、工作和生活中面临着巨大的压力。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Some in the younger generation feel cofused or lost. In response, authorties have scaled up the amount of support available to help solve their issues in education, employment, marriage and child raising,” He noted, while urging the whole society to support the mental development and psychology of generation-Z.”（年轻一代中的一些人感到困惑或迷失。作为回应，有关部门加大了可提供的支持力度，帮助解决他们在教育、就业、婚姻和抚养孩子方面的问题，”他指出，同时敦促全社会支持Z一代的心理发展和心理。）和最后一段“He pointed out that it is also important for certain young people to realize that it is unrealistic to build a career without taking responsibility and making endeavor. “All happiness is achieved through devoted effort, and making endeavor itself is also a kind of happiness,” He stressed.”（他指出，对某些年轻人来说，认识到不承担责任和努力就建立事业是不现实的，这一点也很重要。他强调:“所有的幸福都是通过努力得来的，努力本身也是一种幸福。”）可知，A(年轻人应该承担责任，努力取得成功。)，B(全社会都应该关心青少年的身心健康。)，C(当局应该帮助年轻人，在生活的许多方面给予他们支持。) 都是解决“躺平”的措施。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“China’s generation-Z is not “lying flat”, an expression forgiving upon hard work, as is often claimed, and making an effort is still the mainstream of a group who believes success should be achieved by solid effort, Chinese officials said at a press conference on Thursday, in response to a question on how younger generations should achieve balance between a lifestyle of “lying flat” in face of great pressure and “involution,” which refers to severe internal competition that does not lead to productivity gains.”（在周四的新闻发布会上，当被问及年轻一代应该如何在面对巨大压力的“平躺”生活方式和“内化”生活方式之间取得平衡时，中国官员在回答这个问题时表示，中国的z一代并不是“平躺”，这是一个经常被认为是对努力工作的宽容的表达，而努力仍然是一个认为成功应该通过不懈努力来实现的群体的主流。它指的是不会导致生产率提高的激烈内部竞争。）和最后一段“He pointed out that it is also important for certain young people to realize that it is unrealistic to build a career without taking responsibility and making endeavor. “All happiness is achieved through devoted effort, and making endeavor itself is also a kind of happiness,” He stressed.”（他指出，对某些年轻人来说，认识到不承担责任和努力就建立事业是不现实的，这一点也很重要。他强调:“所有的幸福都是通过努力得来的，努力本身也是一种幸福。”）可知，短文的目的是解决新时代年轻一代的社会问题。故选D项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A kitchen garden produces vegetables for delicious, healthy meals. It doesn’t have to be right outside the kitchen door, but the closer it is, the better. ____16____, the more likely it is that you will get tasty things out of it. Just a few steps are needed for what you want. ____17____. The most important recommendation is start with what you like to eat. This may go without saying, but I have seen first-year gardens that don’t reflect the eating habits of their growers. One of the easiest and most rewarding and popular kitchen gardens is a simple salad garden. It can produce multiple harvests in most parts of the country. Planting a garden: where, when and how. Make a garden plan of what will be planted, where, when and how. ____18____. It means you should know what they like in terms of space, water, soil fertility (肥力) and soil temperatures. When and how much to water your garden. Vegetables are made mostly of water. ____19____.You’ll want to water them lightly every day or two. If nature isn’t providing that amount of rain, you’ll need to water by yourself or with a drip irrigation system. Garden maintenance: keep an eye on it. Sun and rain willing, fast growers such as radishes (萝卜) and salad greens will begin to produce crops as early as 20 to 30 days after planting. Check on them regularly so you get to harvest them before someone else does. ____20____. A. Choosing garden crops B. Getting ready for garden site C. The easier it is for you to get into the garden D. So you need to ensure your plants have enough water E. You show an interest in how to produce multiple harvests F. To do this, you need to get familiar with all kinds of crops G. Besides, protective barriers and organic products can prevent pests and diseases 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. F 19. D 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了如何创建自己的简易菜园。 【16题详解】 由下文“the more likely it is that you will get tasty things out of it. (你就越有可能从中得到美味的食物)”可知，本句用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，故C选项“The easier it is for you to get into the garden (你越容易进入花园)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选C。 【17题详解】 由下文“The most important recommendation is start with what you like to eat. This may go without saying, but I have seen first-year gardens that don’t reflect the eating habits of their growers. One of the easiest and most rewarding and popular kitchen gardens is a simple salad garden. It can produce multiple harvests in most parts of the country. (最重要的建议是从你喜欢吃什么开始。这可能是不言而喻的，但我看到第一年的菜园并没有反映出种植者的饮食习惯。最简单、最有益、最受欢迎的菜园之一就是简单的沙拉菜园。它可以在该国大部分地区产生多次收获。)”可知，本空要说跟“选择作物”有关的话题，故A选项“Choosing garden crops (选择花园作物)”能够概括段落大意，符合题意。故选A。 【18题详解】 由上文“Planting a garden: where, when and how. Make a garden plan of what will be planted, where, when and how. (种植花园：地点、时间和方式。制定一个种植计划，包括种植什么、何时、何地以及如何种植。)”可知，熟悉各种作物才能做到这一点，故F选项“To do this, you need to get familiar with all kinds of crops (要做到这一点，你需要熟悉各种作物)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 【19题详解】 由上文“When and how much to water your garden. Vegetables are made mostly of water. (什么时候给花园浇水，浇多少水。蔬菜主要是由水组成的)”可知，水对植物很重要，要确保植物的水分，故D选项“So you need to ensure your plants have enough water (所以你需要确保你的植物有足够的水)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 【20题详解】 由上文“Garden maintenance: keep an eye on it. Sun and rain willing, fast growers such as radishes (萝卜) and salad greens will begin to produce crops as early as 20 to 30 days after planting. Check on them regularly so you get to harvest them before someone else does. (花园保养：留意一下。如果阳光和雨水充足，萝卜和沙拉蔬菜等快速生长的作物最早将在种植后20至30天开始生产。定期检查它们，这样你就可以在别人之前收获它们。)”可知，本空要说跟“菜园维护”有关的话题，故G选项“Besides, protective barriers and organic products can prevent pests and diseases (此外，防护屏障和有机产品可以预防病虫害)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题) 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分15分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) My community and state are still recovering from the disaster that hit the area recently. A wall of storms with hurricane force winds ___21___ late on a Friday evening knocking down trees, ___22___ roads, damaging homes, and destroying power lines. Hundreds of thousands of people suddenly ___23___themselves in the dark without water, electricity, air conditioning, telephones, internet, and television. They were ___24___ from the modern world suffering unbearable 90 degree plus heat with no help and no idea ___25___ it would be over. The most ___26___ thing happened, however, as the reality of the crisis sank in: it brought out the best in us. While there were a few acts of ___27___ and stealing, they were overwhelmed (压倒) by the wave of ___28___ and compassion that came from the hearts of so many. People shared their food, ice, and gasoline. People who still had ___29___ opened their homes to those who had none. People rushed out to ___30___roads and homes of fallen trees. Selfless power crews worked around the clock to repair the damage and ___31___ electricity. Life’s disasters strike all of us from time to time. No one is ___32___. We all get hurt. We all get ___33___. How we respond to them, though, is up to us. We can let them bring out the worst in us or we can let them bring out the best in us. We can ___34___ them like devils of selfishness or like angels of love. May you always bring the best from your heart and soul to whatever life may ___35___ at you then. May you live all of your days here with so much love that you sing and smile. 21. A. drew B. arose C. struck D. faded 22. A. closing B. wiping C. narrowing D. blocking 23. A. devoted B. found C. pictured D. patted 24. A. cut off B. called off C. torn down D. taken off 25. A. where B. why C. how D. when 26. A. decent B. terrible C. amazing D. accidental 27. A. distance B. enthusiasm C. prejudice D. selfishness 28. A. hatred B. love C. respect D. belief 29. A. confidence B. power C. guidance D. virtue 30. A. destroy B. move C. clear D. build 31. A. restore B. remove C. return D. reduce 32. A. saved B. spared C. punished D. forgiven 33. A. cheated B. removed C. challenged D. arranged 34. A. weigh on B. react to C. take in D. care for 35. A. throw B. shoot C. aim D. glance 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了一场暴风雨给我们的州和社区带来了很大影响，尽管危机降临，但是它激发了我们最好的本质。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：周五晚间，一场飓风带来的风暴袭击了美国，刮倒了树木，阻断了道路，毁坏了房屋，摧毁了电线。A. drew吸引；B. arose引起；C. struck袭击；D. faded消退。根据下文“knocking down trees(刮倒了树木)”可知，此处是指飓风带来的风暴“袭击”了美国。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. closing靠近；B. wiping擦净；C. narrowing变窄；D. blocking阻塞，阻断。根据上文“knocking down trees”可知，飓风刮倒了树木，“阻断”了道路。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：成千上万的人突然发现自己处于黑暗中，没有水、电、空调、电话、互联网和电视。A. devoted投入；B. found发现；C. pictured想象；D. patted轻拍。根据下文“in the dark without water(在黑暗中没有水)”可知，此处是指“发现”自己处于黑暗中。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们与现代世界隔绝，忍受着难以忍受的90华氏度以上的高温，没有帮助，也不知道什么时候会结束。A. cut off隔绝、切断；B. called off取消；C. torn down拆除；D. taken off起飞。根据上文可知，飓风阻断了道路，摧毁了电线，结合下文的“with no help(没有帮助)”可推知，他们处于与世界“隔绝”的状态。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. where哪里；B. why为什么；C. how如何；D. when什么时候。根据上文“no idea”和下文的“would be over”可知，此处是指不知“什么时候”结束。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当危机的现实降临时，最令人惊奇的事情发生了：它激发了我们最好的一面。A. decent体面的；B. terrible可怕的；C. amazing令人惊讶的；D. accidental意外的。根据下文“it brought out the best in us(它激发了我们最好的一面)”可知，这是一件“令人惊讶的”事情。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然有一些自私和偷窃的行为，但他们被来自许多人心中的爱和同情所淹没。A. distance远处；B. enthusiasm热情；C. prejudice偏见；D. selfishness自私。根据下文的“stealing”可知，此处用selfishness和stealing并列，指“自私”和偷窃的行为。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. hatred仇恨；B. love爱；C. respect尊敬；D. belief信念。根据下文的“compassion”可知，此处用love与compassion并列，表示被“爱”和同情所淹没。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有电的人向断电的人敞开了家门。A. confidence信心；B. power电力；C. guidance指导；D. virtue美德。根据上文“destroying power lines(摧毁了电线)”可知，此处是指家里还有“电”的人像断电的人敞开家门。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们冲出去清理道路和家中倒下的树木。A. destroy破坏；B. move移动；C. clear清除；D. build建造。根据上文“knocking down trees(刮倒了树木)”和下文“roads and homes of fallen trees”可知，此处是指人们冲出去“清理”道路。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：无私的电力工作人员夜以继日地修复损坏并恢复供电。A. restore恢复；B. remove移开；C. return返回；D. reduce降低。根据上文“repair the damage(修复损坏)”可知，此处是指“恢复”供电。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人能幸免。A. saved节省；B. spared幸免；C. punished惩罚；D. forgiven忘记。根据下文“We all get hurt(我们都受伤了)”可知，此处是指没有人能“幸免”。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都会遇到挑战。A. cheated欺骗；B. removed移开；C. challenged挑战；D. arranged安排。根据上文“Life’s disasters strike all of us from time to time.(生活中的灾难不时地袭击我们所有人。)”可知，在生活中我们都会遇到“挑战”。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查短语辨析。句意：我们可以像自私的魔鬼一样对待他们，也可以像爱的天使一样对待他们。A. weigh on使压抑；B. react to作出反应；C. take in吸收；D. care for喜爱。根据下文“like devils of selfishness or like angels of love(像自私的魔鬼或爱的天使)”可知，此处是指作出“反应”。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：愿你永远带着内心和灵魂中最好的一面去面对生活中的任何挑战。A. throw扔；B. shoot射击；C. aim瞄准；D. glance一瞥。根据上文的“bring the best from your heart and soul to(把你的内心和灵魂中最好的一面带给)”可知，此处用throw at表示“扔给、带给”，即把你的内心和灵魂中最好的一面带给生活“带给你”的任何挑战。故选A项。 第Ⅱ卷(共55分) 第三部分：英语知识运用(共一节，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 ChatGPT is an advanced AI chat robot ___36___ (train) by OpenAI that interacts in a conversational way. The dialogue format allows ChatGPT ___37___ (answer) follow-up questions, admit mistakes, challenge incorrect premises, and reject inappropriate requests. The arrival of ChatGPT will push educators to focus more on teaching subjects which technology is not good at, ___38___ senior education expert said. Andreas Schleicher, director of education, said he ___39___ (actual) welcomes this development. And he also thinks ___40___ a chance to make people focus less on tasks that technology can achieve equally well. “The future is not about technology versus humans but is about combining technology ___41___ humans,” he said. “ChatGPT pushes us to think harder of what makes us human.” “In the past, the world rewarded you for what you know. ___42___, nowadays the world rewards you for what you can do with what you know, and I think ChatGPT pushes us to work harder on this.” He said. If students are only as smart as a smartphone, it means ___43___ (educate) are not doing enough, he said. People should focus on developing human skills that truly are important, ___44___ means people should develop skills like imagination and creativity. While search engines such as Google or Baidu simply extract knowledge, ChatGPT goes a step further and analyzes a search before providing people with a single answer. As a device, ChatGPT ____45____(make) learning much more interesting and powerful in the future, but as a purpose and objective, humans need to work very hard to win that race with technology, he added. 【答案】36. trained 37. to answer 38. a 39. actually 40. it 41. with##and 42. However 43. educators 44. which 45. will make 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了ChatGPT，而一位资深教育专家表示，ChatGPT的到来将推动教育工作者更多地关注技术不擅长的教学科目。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：ChatGPT是由OpenAI训练的高级AI聊天机器人，以会话方式进行交互。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“an advanced AI chat robot”和动词“train”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填trained。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：对话格式允许ChatGPT回答后续问题、承认错误、质疑不正确的前提和拒绝不适当的请求。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语补足语，宾语“ChatGPT”和动词“answer”之间为主动关系，用动词不定式形式，构成固定短语：allow…to do…，意为“允许……去做某事”。故填to answer。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：一位资深教育专家表示，ChatGPT的到来将推动教育工作者更多地关注技术不擅长的教学科目。修饰名词“expert”，表示泛指，用不定冠词。senior首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：教育主管Andreas Schleicher表示，他实际上对这一发展表示欢迎。修饰动词“welcome”用副词形式。故填actually。 【40题详解】 考查代词。句意：他还认为，这是一个机会，可以让人们减少对技术同样可以很好地完成的任务的关注。这里为代词担当形式宾语，代指真正的宾语“to make people focus less on tasks that technology can achieve equally well”，用it。故填it。 【41题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：他说：“未来不是科技对抗人类，而是科技与人类的结合。ChatGPT促使我们更努力地思考是什么让我们成为人类。”固定短语：combine…and/with…，意为“结合……”，符合句意。故填with/and。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，如今世界奖励你用你所知道的东西做的事情，我认为ChatGPT推动我们在这方面更加努力。空前“In the past, the world rewarded you for what you know.”和空后“nowadays the world rewards you for what you can do with what you know, and I think ChatGPT pushes us to work harder on this.”之间存在转折关系，用副词however；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填However。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：他说，如果学生只有智能手机那么聪明，那就意味着教育工作者做得不够。根据句意可知，空处为教育工作者“educator”，根据“are”可知，用名词复数。故填educators。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：人们应该专注于培养真正重要的人类技能，这意味着人们应该培养想象力和创造力等技能。这里为定语从句的关系词，代指主句一句话，在非限制性定语从句担当主语，用which引导。故填which。 【45题详解】 考查时态。句意：他补充说，作为一种设备，ChatGPT将使学习在未来变得更加有趣和强大，但作为一种目的和目标，人类需要非常努力地去赢得与技术的竞争。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“in the future”可知，本句时态为一般将来时。故填will make。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的朋友John沉迷于B站(Bilibili)而不能自拔，写信向你寻求帮助，请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1.表示理解和关心； 2.沉迷B站的影响； 3.提出具体建议。 注意：1.词数100词左右。 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：沉溺于be addicted to；沉溺addiction ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear John, I’m sorry to hear that you’re suffering from Bilibili addiction. I really understand how you feel and I’d like to offer you some useful advice. First of all, I suggest that you should start some other hobbies, such as reading, listening to music, or playing chess, etc., which will take your mind off Bilibili. Besides, you’d better make more friends and communicate with each other face-to-face. They help you out when you can’t resist the temptation of Bilibili. Last but not least, it’s better for you to do some sports instead of using Bilibili a lot because sports can not only keep you healthy but also enrich your life and help you keep away from Bilibili. I hope you can accept my suggestions and get rid of addiction to Bilibili as soon as possible. Best wishes! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给John写一封回信，帮助他摆脱沉迷于网络的困境。 1.词汇积累 真正地：truly→really 建议：suggestion→advice 帮助：assist→help 健康的：fit→healthy 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I really understand how you feel and I’d like to offer you some useful advice. 拓展句：I really understand how you feel and I’d like to offer you some useful advice, which I hope will help you. 【点睛】【高分句型1】First of all, I suggest that you should start some other hobbies, such as reading, listening to music, or playing chess, etc., which will take your mind off Bilibili. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Last but not least, it’s better for you to do some sports instead of using Bilibili a lot because sports can not only keep you healthy but also enrich your life and help you keep away from Bilibili. (运用了it作形式主语，非谓语动词不定式作真正主语) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was summer. My dad finally decided to take me on a special trip to Inner Mongolia that day, which made me excited. We took a plane to Hohhot, the provincial capital of Inner Mongolia. The moment we got off the plane in the late afternoon, we saw Uncle Zhang, a farmer whose house we had booked, welcoming us over there. He picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm. His wife, Aunt Liu cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his family. My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm house listening to the birds singing in the grasslands. Very early in the morning, Uncle Zhang woke us up to have breakfast. “The day starts at dawn on my farm,” he said. After breakfast, my dad began to ride horses with Uncle Zhang. In the afternoon, Uncle Zhang wondered if I would take a horse ride. I said I would if my dad accompanied me. So, my dad and I got on our horses, and headed slowly towards the distance. Soon after, Uncle Zhang’s farm was out of sight behind. After a long period, we stopped our horses, and began to enjoy the beautiful green grassland ahead. The cool wind was slightly blowing our face. Once in a while we could still hear some birds sing in the woods nearby. It was so peaceful and quiet. I had never been so relaxed before. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为100左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: We had no idea where we were and it was getting dark. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse. This unexpected appearance frightened my horse, which made it run wildly. I tried my best to control it, but in vain. Frightened as I was, I tried to keep my balance to prevent me from falling off. Fortunately, minutes later, the horse stopped before a river, out of breath, and so did I. At that moment, my dad also came up. Seeing I was OK, he was quite relieved. But it was clear that we got lost.     We had no idea where we were and it got dark. We didn’t know where the farm house was. What we could do was to go back along the previous track slowly. But it was really difficult for us in such a dark situation. Just as we were at the point of desperation, we heard a faint voice from the distance. “It must be Uncle Zhang,” I said. So we cried back with excitement. Finally, Uncle Zhang safely brought us back home. What an amazing ride! 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索。主要讲述了作者和父亲去草原骑马，因自己所骑乘的马匹受到突然的惊吓而狂奔，导致父子二人因此迷失在茫茫草原上，最后在叔叔的帮助下成功返回宿营地的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①根据第一段所给的段首句“突然，一只小兔子跳到我的马前。”可知，本段可描写突然出现的兔子让马受惊，作者受到惊吓，父亲追来寻找作者，两人迷路了。 ②根据第二段所给的段首句“我们不知道我们在哪里，天黑了。”可知，本段可描写迷路之后作者和父亲的担忧和沮丧，叔叔找来带作者父子两人回家以及作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：马受惊——害怕——父亲追来——迷路——沮丧——叔叔找来——回家——感悟 3.词汇积累 ①行为类 竭尽全力：try one’s best/do all I can 停止：stop/shut off/cease 回去：go back/return ②情感类 害怕：frightened/scared/full of fear 激动地：with excitement/excitedly 令人吃惊的：amazing/surprising/astonishing 【点睛】【高分句型1】This unexpected appearance frightened my horse, which made it run wildly.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】What we could do was to go back along the previous track slowly.（运用了what引导的主语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$