精品解析：湖南省常德市汉寿县汉寿县第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

湖南省常德市汉寿县第一中学2023-2024学年 高一下学期期末考试英语试题 一、听力 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the woman ask the man to do for her? A．Take a photo. B．Fix a camera. C．Print a picture. 2．What will happen about the city center? A．There will be more pollution. B．There will be more bicycle tracks. C．There will be more parking areas. 3．Where does the woman come from? A．China. B．Canada. C．France. 4．When will the man go on holiday? A．In June. B．In July. C．In August. 5．What will the man do this Saturday? A．Attend a party. B．Visit a friend. C．See a film. 第二节（共 15 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、 B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独 白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What did Tony do first last night? A．He listened to music. B．He watched TV. C．He read textbooks. 7．What is Wimbledon about? A．Tennis. B．Films. C．Music. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．Where are the two speakers? A．In a restaurant. B．In a bookstore. C．In a hospital. 9．What’s wrong with the man? A．He has a headache. B．His blood pressure is very high. C．He has a toothache. 10．What is the man going to do? A．To go on smoking. B．To go to the parties. C．To give up smoking. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 11．How long does a full-time firefighter work in a week on average? A．10 hours. B．24 hours. C．56 hours. 12．What is a firefighter expected to do during his shift? A．Do some housework. B．Give lectures on incidents. C．Eat out with their co-workers. 13．How does the speaker describe a firefighter’s work? A．Fun but dangerous. B．Stressful and boring. C．Challenging but rewarding. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．Why does the woman call Mr. Hunter? A．To apply for a job. B．To discuss a work plan. C．To promote something. 15．What is Mr. Hunter’s attitude toward the call? A．Patient. B．Indifferent. C．Interested. 16．What is Mr. Hunter going to do? A．Give a class. B．Sign a deal. C．Call Bell Canada. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．What subject does the speaker dislike most? A．Russian. B．History. C．Literature. 18．How long do the classes last every day? A．From 7:30 to 15:30. B．From 8:30 to 15:30 C．From 8:30 to 15:00. 19．What is the speaker going to do when she finishes school? A．Study music. B．Study abroad. C．Help her father do business. 20．What does the speaker think of her teachers? A．Hard to get on with. B．Very strict. C．Quite unkind. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） The Best UK Festivals of 2020 We’ve picked this year’s best UK festivals——find your favourite and get out there this summer. All Points East Returning for a third year after its successful 2018 launch,All Points East is a general 10-day festival that takes over Victoria Park in late May.The opening and closing three-day weekends are given over to music. Place: Victoria Park Time: May 22,2020-May 31,2020 Ticket: Adult￡35; Age19-24 with ID￡28;Under18 years old, free Isle of Wight Huge headliners is one of the UK’s biggest rock festivals.Now in its 52nd year,the modern-day Isle of Wight festival is a far cry from the hippy(嬉皮士) love-in that landed back in 1968.Nowadays,big-name headliners and commercial rock and pop favorites are the order of the day. Place: Seaclose Park, Newport Time: Jun 13-14. 12:00 a.m.-15:00 p.m. Tickets:￡25 Adult;￡15 Age19-24 with ID; ￡10 under 12 years old, under7, free Love box Consistently one of the finest festivals in Londoncatering for cool kids and party monsters alike,Love box has expanded again to become a three-day event in 2020.This year will be its second in west London’s Gunnersbury Park. Place:London’s Gunnersbury Park Time:July12-14. 1:30 p.m.-2:30 p.m. Tickets:￡185(adult three-day weekend);￡70(adult day ticket) Junction 2 Calling all technology heads:in 2020,this big festival is spreading out over two days again following last year’s successful expansion.Junction 2 is a meeting of some pretty serious music minds. Place:Boston Manor Park Time:July 15-16 Tickets:￡45 for all ages 1. Which of the following is the earliest festival of the year? A. All Points East. B. Isle of Wight. C. Love box. D. Junction 2. 2. How much should two adults with a kid of 9 pay if they go to rock music? A. ￡65. B. ￡60. C. ￡45. D. ￡40. 3. If you want to see the festival which lasts longest,you will go to A. Victoria Park. B. Seaclose Park. C. London’s Gunnersbury Park. D. Boston Manor Park. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个2020年英国最好的节日情况，说明了节日时间、地点和费用等信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据All Points East部分中Time: May 22,2020-May 31,2020(时间：2020年5月22日- 2020年5月31日)；Isle of Wight部分中Time: Jun 13-14.(时间：6月13到14日)；Love box部分中Time: July 12-14.(7月12日到14日)；Junction 2部分中Time: July 15-16(7月15日到16日)由此可知，All Points East是一年中最早的节日。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Isle of Wight部分中Tickets:￡25 Adult;￡15 Age19-24 with ID; ￡10 under 12 years old, under7, free可知成人票:￡25；19到24岁￡15；12岁以下￡10 ；7岁以下免费。由此可知，两个带着一个9岁孩子的成年人如果去听摇滚乐要花25+25+10=60英镑。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据All Points East部分中Time: May 22,2020-May 31,2020(时间：2020年5月22日到2020年5月31日)；Isle of Wight部分中Time: Jun 13-14.(时间：6月13到14日)；Love box部分中Time: July 12-14.(7月12日到14日)；Junction 2部分中Time: July 15-16(7月15日到16日)由此可知，如果你想看最长的节日，你可以去Victoria Park。故选A。 Thrown away electronics are piling up fast, pushing researchers to explore creative ways to reduce the resulting trash, known as e-waste. Now one team has crafted a water-activated disposable battery made of paper and other sustainable materials. The wires, screens and batteries that make up our devices are filling up landfills with dangerous pieces. “It’s these small batteries that are big problems,” says Dele Ogunseitan from University of California, “Nobody really pays attention to where they end up.” Researchers at the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA) are working to address this overlooked problem. This week they published a paper describing a new water-activated paper battery which could eventually present a sustainable alternative to the more harmful batteries that are common in low-power devices. After trying hundreds of formulations for the different components, the scientists settled on a graphite ink to make the cathode (负极), a zinc ink for the anode (正极) and salt-infused paper to create the electrolyte (电解液) . When the paper is dry. the battery is shelf-stable. Add just a couple of drops of water, however, and the salt dissolves, allowing electrons to flow. After the paper is wet, it takes about 20 seconds for the battery to activate. At that point, it produces a stable 1. 2 volts of electricity until the paper dries out. When the researchers rewet the paper, the battery produced 0. 5 volt for more than an hour. Although the researchers demonstrated that their battery could power an alarm clock, disposable paper batteries are unlikely to replace standard AA batteries on store shelves. However, Gustav Nystrom, senior author of the study, pictures a future where these batteries are inserted in environmental sensors, ideally with other sustainable components such as screens and packaging. Nystrom says he is in contact with potential industry partners and believes these batteries could make their way into products within the next two to five years. Crucially, Nystrom says his team created the battery without compromising on sustainability criteria. “This is work that really starts with the development of sustainable materials, ”he explains. From there, he says, “I think we were able to create something that is quite useful. ” 4. What does “this overlooked problem” refer to in paragraph 3? A. People have no idea where e-waste goes. B. There are no innovative ways to reduce e-waste. C. People do not take seriously the batteries inside e-waste. D. Large quantities of electronic devices are being thrown away. 5. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. How the paper battery works. B. What the paper battery features. C. How the paper battery is applied. D. What the paper battery is composed of. 6. What can we infer about the paper battery according to the passage? A. It is novel but costly. B. It is delicate and powerful. C. It can’t power all devices. D. It has gained a large market share. 7. Which of the following might be the best title? A. Paper battery just add water B. Paper battery-replace standard ones C. Paper battery -a mainstream product D. Paper battery -the solution to pollution 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项新的发明：一种只需要加水的水激活的一次性电池。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段中“It’s these small batteries that are big problems. , “says Dele Ogunseitan from University of California, “Nobody really pays attention to where they end up. ”（“这些小电池才是大问题,”加利福尼亚大学的 Dele Ogunseitan 说，“没有人真正关注它们的最终去向。”)可推知，第三段的划线部分的指代内容为人们对这些电池的处理问题。故选C。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“After trying hundreds of formulations for the different components, the scientists settled on a graphite ink to make the cathode (负极), a zinc ink for the anode (正极) and salt-infused paper to create the electrolyte (电解液) . When the paper is dry. the battery is shelf-stable. Add just a couple of drops of water, however, and the salt dissolves, allowing electrons to flow. After the paper is wet, it takes about 20 seconds for the battery to activate. At that point, it produces a stable 1. 2 volts of electricity until the paper dries out. When the researchers rewet the paper, the battery produced 0. 5 volt for more than an hour.”（在尝试了数百种不同成分的配方之后，科学家们决定用石墨墨水来制作阴极，用锌墨水来制作阳极，用浸盐纸来制作电解质。当纸干的时候。电池保存完好。然而，只要加入几滴水，盐就会溶解，电子就可以流动了。纸湿了之后，电池需要大约20秒才能激活。在这一点上，它产生一个稳定的1.2伏特的电压直到纸张干掉。当研究人员重新湿纸时，电池产生0.5伏特超过一小时。）具体介绍了水激活纸电池的各种组成成分的材料及各部分通过何种方式发电。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后一句“This week they published a paper describing a new water-activated paper battery which could eventually present a sustainable alternative to the more harmful batteries that are common in low-power devices.”（本周，他们发表了一篇论文，描述了一种新水激活纸电池，这种电池可能最终提供一种可持续的替代品，以取代低功耗设备中常见的更有害的电池）和第五段第一句“Although the researchers demonstrated that their battery could power an alarm clock, disposable Pater batteries are unlikely to replace standard AA batteries on store shelves. ”（尽管研究人员证明他们的电池可以为闹钟供电，但一次性纸质电池不太可能取代商店货架上标准的 AA 电池）可推知，这种水激活纸电池可以为闹钟供电，但并不能取代商店货架上标准的 AA 电池，即它不能给所有的电池供电。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据文章第一段“Now one team has crafted a water-activated disposable battery made of paper and other sustainable materials.”（现在，一个研究小组用纸和其他可持续材料制作了一种水激活的一次性电池）同时结合下文对水激活纸电池的组成成分和发电方式及她的使用的限制可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的发明：一种只需要加水的水激活的一次性电池。故选A。 The skull(颅骨)of a tiny bird preserved in a 100-million-year-old Myanmar amber has been discovered by an international team of scientists, according to a paper newly published in the scientific journal Nature. The 14-millimeter-long skull is smaller than that of a bee hummingbird, the smallest living bird, making the new species the smallest bird and dinosaur ever found. When Xing Lida, a paleontologist(古生物家)at the China University of Geosciences, who led the research, first saw the amber in 2016, he was amazed. "It's like a tiny arrow with a long beak(鸟喙)and big eyes. . . Only birds have such characteristics," he said. The well-preserved fossil skull has rows of nearly 100 teeth that extend all the way under its big eyes that are supported by eye bones of a unique structure. The unusually high number of teeth and the unique shape of the eye make it difficult to classify the specimen(标本). Scientists think that about 100 million years ago this bird-like animal lived in the tropical Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar, where the amber was mined. Despite its small size, the specimen, named Oculudentavis khaungraae(宽娅眼齿鸟), has more teeth than any other fossilized bird. The large number of teeth indicates that it was a predator(捕食者), the paper said. "Judging from its size, it might prey mainly on insects," Xing said. "In fact, it has some characteristics that do not belong to birds or even dinosaurs. At present we think of it as a bird or a dinosaur, which is the most likely conclusion based on the characteristics of the skull.” One of the biggest advantages of amber lies in its high-quality preservation of the fine details in the skull and soft tissue features. "Amber gives us almost the only opportunity, to learn about tiny vertebrates(脊椎动物)from the dinosaur age," Xing said. "Oculudentavis is by far the smallest and most important specimen." 8. What has the international team of scientists found recently? A. The smallest fossil ever found. B. The oldest amber ever discovered. C. The smallest bee hummingbird fossil D. The skull of the smallest known bird. 9. What do we know about Oculudentavis? A. Its teeth and eyes were different from any other animal. B. Its eve structure shows that it might have good eyesight. C. It was classified in 2016 when first seen by Xing Lida. D. Its small size suggests that it might feed on plants. 10. What proves Oculudentavis's identity as a predator? A. Small size. B. Tropical habitat. C. High number of teeth. D. Unique shape of the eye. 11. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. The way that the fossil was well preserved. B. The reason why Oculudentavis was stuck in amber t C. The contribution of the fossil to scientific research. D. The importance of amber research in scientific research. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。一个国际科学家小组发现了一个保存在1亿年前缅甸琥珀中的小鸟头骨。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The skull（颅骨）of a tiny bird preserved in a 100-million-year-old Myanmar amber has been discovered by an international team of scientists”（一个国际科学家小组发现了一个保存在1亿年前缅甸琥珀中的小鸟头骨）和第二段“The 14-millimeter-long skull is smaller than that of a bee hummingbird, the smallest living bird, making the new species the smallest bird and dinosaur ever found.”（这个14毫米长的头骨比现存最小的鸟类蜂鸟的头骨还要小，这使得这个新物种成为迄今为止发现的最小的鸟类和恐龙。）可知，这个国际科学家小组最近发现了已知最小的鸟类的头骨。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“The well-preserved fossil skull has rows of nearly 100 teeth that extend all the way under its big eyes that are supported by eye bones of a unique structure.The unusually high number of teeth and the unique shape of the eye make it difficult to classify the specimen（标本）.”（这具保存完好的头骨化石有一排近100颗牙齿，一直延伸到它的大眼睛下面，由一种独特结构的眼骨支撑。异常多的牙齿和眼睛的独特形状使得很难对标本进行分类。）可推知，它的牙齿和眼睛与其他任何动物都不同。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段第二句“The large number of teeth indicates that it was a predator”（大量的牙齿表明它是掠食者）可知，大量的牙齿证明了oculudenttavis是捕食者。故选C。 【11题详解】 段落大意题。根据最后一段第一句“One of the biggest advantages of amber lies in its high-quality preservation of the fine details in the skull and soft tissue features. ”（琥珀最大的优势之一在于它高质量的保存了头骨的细节和软组织特征。）结合下文内容可知，最后一段主要是讲琥珀研究在科学研究中的重要性。故选D。 Two of the saddest words in the English language are “if only(要是……就好了)”. I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words, because they convey regret, lost opportunities, mistakes, and disappointment. My father is famous in our family for saying “Take the extra minute to do it right.” I always try to live by the “extra minute” rule. When my children were young and likely to cause accidents, I always thought about what I could do to avoid an “if only” moment, whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter, or something that required a little more work such as taping padding (衬垫) onto the sharp corners of a glass coffee table. I don’t only avoid those “if only” moments when it comes to safety. It’s equally important to avoid “if only” in our personal relationships. We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they had foregone an opportunity to say “I love you” or “I forgive you.” When my father announced he was going to the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday, I told him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldn’t be here. But then I thought about the fact that he was 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn’t give up an opportunity to see him. I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all. I know there will still be occasions when I have to say “if only” about something, but my life is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality. And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right, or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to make a personal connection, I know that I’m doing the right thing. I’m buying myself peace of mind and that’s the best kind of insurance for my emotional well-being. 12. Which of the following is an example of the “extra minute” rule? A. Start the car the moment everyone is seated. B. Leave the room for a minute with the iron working. C. Wait for an extra minute so that the steak tastes better. D. Move an object out of the way before it trips someone. 13. The underlined word “foregone” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to______. A. take up B. stay away C. run out of D. give up 14. The author decided to go to her office on Good Friday to _______. A. keep her appointment with the eye doctor B. meet her father who was already an old man C. join in the holiday celebration of the company D. finish her work before the deadline approached 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Peace of Mind B. The Most Useful Rule C. The Two Saddest Words D. The Emotional Well-being 【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者认为英语中最悲伤的两个词是“if only”，因为它们表达了遗憾、错失机会、错误和失望。作者听从父亲的建议，按照“多花一分钟”的规则生活，尽力把事情做好以避免遗憾。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter（不管是一些很小的事情，像把一杯热咖啡从柜台边缘移开）”可知，“在物体绊倒人之前把它移开”就是作者在生活中 “the‘extra minute’rule（多花一点时间把事情做好的原则）”的例子。故选D项。 【13题详解】 词义猜测题。第三段中“We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they had foregone an opportunity to say “I love you” or “I forgive you”可知，很多人在失去所爱的人后才后悔他们错失了说“我爱你”或“我原谅你”的机会。forego an opportunity意为“放弃机会，失去机会”。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“he was 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn’t give up an opportunity to see him”可知，作者知道父亲要去自己办公室对面看眼科医生时，本来告诉父亲说是公司休假，他不上班；但突然意识到父亲已经84岁了，所以决定即便是自己的休息日，也会去上班，去看看父亲，以免将来会后悔。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Two of the saddest words …are “if only”. I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words”和最后一段中 “but my life is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality”可知，作者在生活中尽力不做会后悔、会说 “如果…就好了” 的事情。本文主要是围绕“避免说英语中最伤心的两个词‘if only’”进行阐述的。故选C项。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中 有两项为多余选项。 I was taking a memory test while lying inside an MRI scanner to see whether the brains of memory champions like me were different from anyone else’s. When the results were published, the findings were very positive. ____16____ Instead, what set us apart was what we did when were learning ---- in particular, the way we used pictures, and put our “mind’s eye” to work. Everyone can get more from their memory. Any formation can be turned into imagery ---- immediately switching on parts of the brain that create rich, multi-layered memories. Try it yourself. Here’s a list of random words ---- just the sort of information that’s used to test would-be memory champions. _____17_____ Picture them, as vividly as you can. MOUNTAIN, TAINBOW, PEA, SOFA, SHEEP, SNOWMAN, WINDMILL, NEWSPAPER, PIANO, UMBRELLA As images, rather than words, these items will stay longer in your short-term memory. _____18_____ you’ll boost your chances of achieving even longer-term learning. Fire up your visual memory and get your brain buzzing. Notice the relative sizes of the items on the list. Look out for any similarities or differences in shapes, colours or textures. And ask yourself if any of the words fall into obvious pairs or patterns. _____19_____ Then, start attaching images to information you want to remember: shopping lists, addresses, brilliant ideas. By doing so, you’ll find that you soon become more observant, better with details, and more confident about recalling the things that matter. _____20_____ and use pictures to help you to set some new “personal bests” for your own memory power! A. But don’t just read the words. B. So learn from the champions, C. And by letting your brain engage with them in new ways, D. There are two kinds of memory: short-term and long-term. E. After a few minutes, cover the page and see how many words you recall. F. Thus, remembering can be thought of as an act of creative reimagination. G. Expert memorisers didn’t have any physical differences between our ears. 【答案】16. G 17. A 18. C 19. E 20. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文。本文通过研究记忆力冠军的大脑，结果显示专家记忆者和普通人之间并没有身体上的差异。并提供了通过图片想象来改善记忆的训练方法。 【16题详解】 根据I was taking a memory test while lying inside an MRI scanner to see whether the brains of memory champions like me were different from anyone else. 得知，我躺在核磁共振扫描仪里做记忆力测试，为了看看是否像我这样的记忆力冠军的大脑和其他人一样。以及空格后 Instead, what set us apart was what we did when were learning. 相反，让我们与众不同的是我们在学习时所做的事情。instead表示转折，可以判断出前面的研究结果显示专家记忆者和普通人之间并没有身体上的差异。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据空格前 Here’s a list of random words ---- just the sort of information that’s used to test would-be memory champions.得知，有一系列随机的单词测试谁是记忆冠军，以及空格后　 Picture them, as vividly as you can.得知，脑海中构建图片，尽可能的生动。这是在教给大家记忆时不要只是读这些单词，要联想。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据空格前As images, rather than words, these items will stay longer in your short-term memory. 得知，记忆单词时，用形象记忆法，这些词就会在短期记忆中记忆的更久一些。这是一种参与式记忆，以及后面的 you’ll boost your chances of achieving even longer-term learning. 得知，你将会提高获取长期学习的机会。这都是在说用新方法让大脑积极参与到记忆中的好处。故选C。 【19题详解】 空格处于句首，起到承上启下的作用，上面Notice the relative sizes of the items on the list. Look out for any similarities or differences in shapes, colours or textures. And ask yourself if any of the words fall into obvious pairs or patterns.介绍了具体记忆的步骤，注意到词汇的长短，找形状，颜色和神韵的相似和区别，接下来建议：几分钟后，盖上这一页，看看能记住多少词。然后再联系形象和你想记忆的信息。顺承自然。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据 and use pictures to help you to set some new “personal bests” for your own memory power! 得知，使用图片记忆帮助你建立一些新的“个人最佳记录”来提高自己的记忆力！ 最后一段起到总结的作用，所以要从冠军那里学习方法。故选B。 【点睛】 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以 填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you seen people who take pictures of food for more than 10 minutes before eating? My friend Stella is such an example. Every time we went to a restaurant she would not take a bite until all the dishes we ____21____ were on the table. Then she would spend five minutes in ____22____ the dishes in a seemingly random but in fact ____23____ order. Then the most important part: taking pictures. After that, she would choose one of the ____24____ and click in the filter app. The food eventually looked 10 times more delicious than it really was, but we had no ____25____ to really enjoy it—it all went cold, actually Stella’s real life is much less elegant. For example, she hates to wash the dishes, so she leaves them in the sink for days. Many people care too much about others’ opinions and try too hard to ____26____ others. They find it hard to be ____27____ and to accept themselves, and thus they are afraid to show their ____28____ life on social media. What they are trying to prove is ____29____ what they lack in reality. But this will not bring any ____30____ to reality, as they still ____31____ the same old pattern of life. If they really want an elegant life, they should put more ____32____ into achieving it ____33____ fabricating it. Being more confident, ____34____ themselves and trying their best to be better are much more meaningful than ____35____ their life on social media. 21. A. ordered B. served C. offered D. prepared 22. A. cooking B. washing C. setting D. collecting 23. A. messy B. arranged C. casual D. missed 24. A. dishes B. restaurants C. tables D. pictures 25. A. chance B. choice C. excuse D. reason 26. A. comfort B. please C. inspire D. discourage 27. A. independent B. generous C. responsible D. confident 28. A. real B. secret C. peaceful D. healthy 29. A. rarely B. hardly C. exactly D. nearly 30. A. difficulty B. change C. guidance D. harm 31. A. question B. dislike C. doubt D. follow 32. A. effort B. ambitions C. feeling D. money 33. A. other than B. more than C. rather than D. less than 34. A. identifying B. accepting C. persuading D. amusing 35. A. simplifying B. ruining C. beautifying D. worsening 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲述了现在一些人在社交媒体上过度美化自己的生活，作者认为这是不自信、不敢接受自己造成的。如果他们想要优雅的生活，他们应该更加努力，而不是制造假象。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我们去饭馆，直到我们点的菜都上桌了她才会开始吃。A. ordered点；B. served服务；C. offered提供；D. prepared准备。根据句意可知，此处是指作者一家点的菜被端上桌，故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她会用五分钟以一种看起来随意实际是布置好的顺序来摆菜品。A. cooking烹饪；B. washing清洗；C. setting摆；D. collecting收集。根据下文的“Then the most important part: taking pictures.”可推测，她要把菜品摆好来拍照，故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后她会用五分钟以一种看起来随意实际是布置好的顺序来摆菜品。A. messy杂乱的；B. arranged布置好的；C. casual随意的；D. missed错过的。根据句意可知，此处应选择一个和random相反的词，故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：之后，她会选择一张照片，然后放进滤镜APP。A. dishes菜；B. restaurants饭馆；C. tables桌子；D. pictures照片。根据上文的“taking pictures”可知此处用“照片”符合语境，picture是原词复现，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，食物看起来比事实上的美味10倍，但是我们没有享用的机会，因为食物已经冷了。A. chance机会；B. choice选择；C. excuse借口；D. reason原因。结合上下文可知，此处是指因为有人拍照，导致食物变凉，大家错过了享受美食的机会，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多人过于在乎别人的观点，并且尽全力去取悦别人。A. comfort安慰；B. please使……高兴。C. inspire启发；D. discourage使丧气。根据上文的“Many people care too much about others’ opinions”可知此处用“取悦别人”符合语境，故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为自信很困难、很难接受自己，因此他们害怕把自己真实一面展现在社交媒体上。A. independent独立的；B. generous慷慨的；C. responsible负责的；D. confident自信的。根据下文“thus they are afraid to show their…life on social media”可知，他们觉得接受自己很困难，由此推测他们不自信，故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为自信很困难、很难接受自己，因此他们害怕把自己真实的一面展现在社交媒体上。A. real真正的；B. secret秘密的；C. peaceful和平的；D. healthy健康的。根据下文“what they lack in reality”可知此处用“真实的自己”符合语境，real和reality是同根词，故选A。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们尽力想要证明的，恰好是他们在现实生活中缺乏的。A. rarely稀少地；B. hardly几乎不；C. exactly确切地，恰好；D. nearly几乎。根据下文“what they lack in reality”可知，此处是指人们在社交媒体上展示的东西，恰好是自己所缺乏的东西，故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这不会给现实生活带来任何改变，因为他们依然遵循旧的生活模式。A. difficulty困难；B. change改变；C. guidance向导；D. harm伤害。根据下文“as they still ____11____ the same old pattern of life”可知他们的现实生活并没有改变，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这不会给现实生活带来任何改变，因为他们依然遵循旧的生活模式。A. question质问；B. dislike不喜欢；C. doubt怀疑；D. follow遵循。根据still和下文the same可推断，此处是指他们依然按原来的方式来生活，用“遵循”符合语境，故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他们真的想要优雅的生活，他们应该付出更多的努力来实现它而不是捏造它。A. effort努力；B. ambitions抱负；C. feeling感觉，知觉；D. money金钱。根据常识可知，想要美好的生活，就必须付出努力，故选A。 【33题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：如果他们真的想要优雅的生活，他们应该付出更多的努力来实现它而不是捏造它。A. other than除了；B. more than超过；C. rather than而非；D. less than少于。根据句意可知，上下文是对比关系，rather than表示“而非”符合语境。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：自信，接受自己，尽最大努力变得更好，比在社交媒体上美化自己的生活更有意义。A. identifying识别；B. accepting接受；C. persuading说服；D. amusing使高兴。根据上文的“They find it hard to be ___7___ and to accept themselves”可知此处用“接受”符合语境，accept是原词复现，故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：自信，接受自己，尽最大努力变得更好，比在社交媒体上美化自己的生活更有意义。A. simplifying简化；B. ruining摧毁；C. beautifying美化；D. worsening恶化。根据第一段的“After that, she would choose one of the ___4___ and click in the filter app.”可知，作者的朋友是在美化自己的生活，故此处用“美化”符合语境，故选C。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。 It was a cold February day. Dangwen and his wildlife monitoring team patrolled (巡逻)along the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. That day, they ____36____ (meet) 220 blue sheep and five white-lipped deer. Through the camera, they found a mother and two baby leopards (豹) — and the babies had grown much ____37____ (big) than three months earlier. Dangwen comes from Yunta, a village located in Sanjiangyuan, Qinghai Province on the Tibetan Plateau. Sanjiangyuan serves as an important habitat ____38____ rich and unique species. Dangwen is neither officially a researcher ____39____ an activist. But he has taken upon himself the task of monitoring local wildlife with a team of other villagers, as part of a conservation project driven by the Shanshui Conservation Center, ____40____ Beijing-based non-governmental organization. When the organization brought up the idea of ____41____ (organize) villagers to watch over wildlife and protect their lands, Dangwen volunteered ____42____ (immediate). Having grown up in the village, he knows very well the land, the river and the wildlife, and he is especially proud of the sacred mountains ____43____ are around all of them. This is the fourth year that Yunta villagers have carried out this monitoring, patrolled the village to identify poachers (偷猎者), and managed rubbish ____44____ (keep) the land and rivers clean. Monitoring data shows that local wildlife ____45____ (population), including snow leopards, are increasing. 【答案】36. met 37. bigger 38. for 39. nor 40. a 41. organizing 42. immediately 43. which##that 44. to keep 45. populations 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁为记叙文。文章以记叙的方式介绍了主人公党文及其团队在三江源地区进行野生动物监测和保护工作的故事，同时穿插了对于该地区生态重要性、保护行动的组织背景以及取得成果。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：那天，他们遇到了220只岩羊和5只白唇鹿。根据That day可知，此句描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填met。 【37题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：通过相机，他们发现了一只母豹和两只幼豹——而且幼豹比三个月前长大了很多。根据句中的than可知，此处应用形容词big的比较级bigger，表示“更大”。故填bigger。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：三江源是丰富而独特物种的重要栖息地。本空用介词for，意为“对……来说”。故填for。 【39题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：党文既不是官方的研究员也不是活动家。neither...nor...为固定搭配，意为“既不……也不……”。故填nor。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：但作为一名来自北京的非政府组织山水保护中心推动的保护项目的一部分，他自己承担起了与其他村民一起监测当地野生动物的任务。此处泛指“一个位于北京的非政府组织”，且Beijing-based以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当该组织提出组织村民看护野生动物并保护他们的土地的想法时，党文立即自愿参加。of为介词，其后应跟organize“组织”的动名词形式，作of的宾语。故填organizing。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：当该组织提出组织村民看护野生动物并保护他们的土地的想法时，党文立即自愿参加。本空用副词immediately“立即”，修饰动词volunteered，作状语。故填immediately。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他在村里长大，对土地、河流和野生动物非常了解，尤其为周围所有神圣的山脉感到自豪。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为sacred mountains，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是云塔村村民进行这种监测、在村内巡逻以识别偷猎者、并管理垃圾以保持土地和河流清洁的第四年。that引导的宾语从句谓语为have carried out、patrolled、managed，此处为非谓语动词，本空用keep“保持”的不定式，作目的状语。故填to keep。 【45题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：监测数据显示，包括雪豹在内的当地野生动物种群正在增加。population在此处意为“种群数量”，且根据句意和常识可知，三江源地区的野生动物种群不止一个，应用复数形式populations，作that引导的宾语从句的主语。故填populations。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15 分） 46. 你的外籍朋友写信询问你校的社团活动，请以我最喜欢的社团为主题回信。内容包括：推荐你喜欢的一个社团，及从中获得的体验和感受 注意：学校社团(school clubs) 1. 词数80左右； 2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 As you mentioned in your last letter concerning the clubs of our school, I recommend the Chinese Traditional Culture Club. The club was established last year with the purpose of encouraging the students to know more about Chinese traditional culture. Since the day it was set up, many interesting and meaningful activities have been held, like Chinese poems, calligraphy, Chinese tea art and so on. All the activities are held at weekends or on holidays. I firmly believe that the Chinese Traditional Culture Club is really rewarding. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的推荐信。要求考生向外籍朋友写信，向其推荐自己喜欢的一个社团及从中获得的体验和感受。 【详解】1.词汇积累 关于：concerning→ with regard to 目的： purpose→ aim 许多：many → a great many/a lot of 相信：believe→ hold the belief 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The club was established last year with the purpose of encouraging the students to know more about Chinese traditional culture. 拓展句：The club was established last year which aimed to encourage the students to know more about Chinese traditional culture. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Since the day it was set up, many interesting and meaningful activities have been held, like Chinese poems, calligraphy, Chinese tea art and so on.（运用了省略when的定语从句） 【高分句型2】I firmly believe that the Chinese Traditional Culture Club is really rewarding.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第二节（满分 25 分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Bill is a retired oil field engineer. His hands are thick, and his fingers branch out in all directions. He moved back to America late in his career. His wife died of a serious disease so he had to raise his three daughters on his own. In my parents’ eyes, Bill is hardworking and helpful. Every day, when I pass by his yard to go to school in the morning, I often see him standing in his front door, smiling at me. But in my heart, Bill is the last person I am willing to talk with in the world. When I was 7 years old, I picked fruits in his garden without his permission. He scolded (责骂) me severely and let me apologize to him in front of my parents. I hated him and swore (发誓) not to talk with him any more. What’s more, there is a scar (伤疤) on his face, which makes me more afraid to get close to him. Recently, Bill, in his seventies, invited my friends in our neighborhood to his house to spend weekends. Of course, Bill also invited me several times but I turned him down. My friends told me that they were surprised to find Bill was also experienced in playing basketball, and they invited Bill to teach them to play basketball on weekends. Besides, Bill often offered them sodas. It’s rare to see a bond that bridges generations. But I didn’t care all of these any longer. One week ago, my friends came to my home and expected me to join their basketball team to have a match with the team from another neighborhood. I like playing basketball and I am good at it so I agreed immediately. But when I was told Bill would give us guidance and it was he that let my friends invite me to join the team, I hesitated. Eventually, I was persuaded to have a try. The match started. Because I wanted to prove myself, I tried my best to shoot every time I caught the ball. I didn’t pass the ball to my teammates. Ten minutes passed and our team didn’t win one point. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I felt at a loss when Bill called time out. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When each player in our team was celebrating our winning the game, I came up to Bill. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 I felt at a loss when Bill called time out. Hearing the whistle, I was reluctant to approach him. He angrily told me that team work plays an important role in the match. I made a serious mistake although my skill was better than other teammates’. He explained what everyone should do next in detail. He encouraged us to do our best and reminded us that team work should be placed first. Following his guidance, I readjusted my mindset and cooperated well with my teammates. Soon we scored. We were excited and grew stronger in the game’s final minutes. Finally, we won. When each player in our team was celebrating our winning the game, I came up to Bill. I took a deep breath and said, “Sorry. These years, I have been narrow-minded and unfriendly to you.” Bill smiled and gave me a big hug. He said, “You are a great player. Congratulations!” Tears filling my eyes, I realized no one is perfect. What’s important is that we should learn from mistakes and then keep trying. We went home hand in hand. And since then, Bill and I have become close friends. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。比尔是一名退休的油田工程师，独自抚养三个女儿。尽管他勤劳友善，但作者因儿时未经允许摘他家水果被责骂而心生畏惧，不愿与他交往。比尔邀请邻里孩子去他家玩，还教大家打篮球，作者却拒绝参与。后来，朋友们拉作者加入与另一街区的比赛，得知比尔促成此事并会指导大家，作者勉强答应。比赛中，作者为证明自己单打独斗，导致团队未得分。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“比尔喊暂停时，我感到不知所措。”可知，第一段可以描写比尔喊暂停的原因和比尔指导后，作者的改变。 ②由第二段句首内容“当我们队的每个队员都在庆祝我们赢得比赛时，我走到比尔面前。”可知，第二段可以描写获胜后作者和比尔的交流和感受。 2.续写线索：暂停—指导—合作—赢得比赛—道歉—成为朋友 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①接近：approach/get close to ②解释：explain/elucidate ③鼓励：encourage/inspire 情绪类 ①不情愿：reluctant/unwilling ②生气地：angrily/in a huff 【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearing the whistle, I was reluctant to approach him.( 运用了现在分词Hearing作状语) 【高分句型2】He angrily told me that team work plays an important role in the match.( 运用了that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型3】I made a serious mistake although my skill was better than other teammates’. (运用了although引导的让步状语从句 ) 1-5ABCCC 6-10CACBC 11-15CACCB 16-20ABCAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 湖南省常德市汉寿县第一中学2023-2024学年 高一下学期期末考试英语试题 一、听力 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the woman ask the man to do for her? A．Take a photo. B．Fix a camera. C．Print a picture. 2．What will happen about the city center? A．There will be more pollution. B．There will be more bicycle tracks. C．There will be more parking areas. 3．Where does the woman come from? A．China. B．Canada. C．France. 4．When will the man go on holiday? A．In June. B．In July. C．In August. 5．What will the man do this Saturday? A．Attend a party. B．Visit a friend. C．See a film. 第二节（共 15 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、 B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独 白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What did Tony do first last night? A．He listened to music. B．He watched TV. C．He read textbooks. 7．What is Wimbledon about? A．Tennis. B．Films. C．Music. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．Where are the two speakers? A．In a restaurant. B．In a bookstore. C．In a hospital. 9．What’s wrong with the man? A．He has a headache. B．His blood pressure is very high. C．He has a toothache. 10．What is the man going to do? A．To go on smoking. B．To go to the parties. C．To give up smoking. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 11．How long does a full-time firefighter work in a week on average? A．10 hours. B．24 hours. C．56 hours. 12．What is a firefighter expected to do during his shift? A．Do some housework. B．Give lectures on incidents. C．Eat out with their co-workers. 13．How does the speaker describe a firefighter’s work? A．Fun but dangerous. B．Stressful and boring. C．Challenging but rewarding. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．Why does the woman call Mr. Hunter? A．To apply for a job. B．To discuss a work plan. C．To promote something. 15．What is Mr. Hunter’s attitude toward the call? A．Patient. B．Indifferent. C．Interested. 16．What is Mr. Hunter going to do? A．Give a class. B．Sign a deal. C．Call Bell Canada. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．What subject does the speaker dislike most? A．Russian. B．History. C．Literature. 18．How long do the classes last every day? A．From 7:30 to 15:30. B．From 8:30 to 15:30. C．From 8:30 to 15:00. 19．What is the speaker going to do when she finishes school? A．Study music. B．Study abroad. C．Help her father do business. 20．What does the speaker think of her teachers? A．Hard to get on with. B．Very strict. C．Quite unkind. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） The Best UK Festivals of 2020 We’ve picked this year’s best UK festivals——find your favourite and get out there this summer. All Points East Returning for a third year after its successful 2018 launch,All Points East is a general 10-day festival that takes over Victoria Park in late May.The opening and closing three-day weekends are given over to music. Place: Victoria Park Time: May 22,2020-May 31,2020 Ticket: Adult￡35; Age19-24 with ID￡28;Under18 years old, free Isle of Wight Huge headliners is one of the UK’s biggest rock festivals.Now in its 52nd year,the modern-day Isle of Wight festival is a far cry from the hippy(嬉皮士) love-in that landed back in 1968.Nowadays,big-name headliners and commercial rock and pop favorites are the order of the day. Place: Seaclose Park, Newport Time: Jun 13-14. 12:00 a.m.-15:00 p.m. Tickets:￡25 Adult;￡15 Age19-24 with ID; ￡10 under 12 years old, under7, free Love box Consistently one of the finest festivals in London,catering for cool kids and party monsters alike,Love box has expanded again to become a three-day event in 2020.This year will be its second in west London’s Gunnersbury Park. Place:London’s Gunnersbury Park Time:July12-14. 1:30 p.m.-2:30 p.m. Tickets:￡185(adult three-day weekend);￡70(adult day ticket) Junction 2 Calling all technology heads:in 2020this big festival is spreading out over two days again following last year’s successful expansion.Junction 2 is a meeting of some pretty serious music minds. Place:Boston Manor Park Time:July 15-16 Tickets:￡45 for all ages 1. Which of the following is the earliest festival of the year? A. All Points East. B. Isle of Wight. C. Love box. D. Junction 2. 2. How much should two adults with a kid of 9 pay if they go to rock music? A. ￡65. B. ￡60. C. ￡45. D. ￡40. 3. If you want to see the festival which lasts longest,you will go to A. Victoria Park. B. Seaclose Park. C. London’s Gunnersbury Park. D. Boston Manor Park. Thrown away electronics are piling up fast, pushing researchers to explore creative ways to reduce the resulting trash, known as e-waste. Now one team has crafted a water-activated disposable battery made of paper and other sustainable materials. The wires, screens and batteries that make up our devices are filling up landfills with dangerous pieces. “It’s these small batteries that are big problems,” says Dele Ogunseitan from University of California, “Nobody really pays attention to where they end up.” Researchers at the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA) are working to address this overlooked problem. This week they published a paper describing a new water-activated paper battery which could eventually present a sustainable alternative to the more harmful batteries that are common in low-power devices. After trying hundreds of formulations for the different components, the scientists settled on a graphite ink to make the cathode (负极), a zinc ink for the anode (正极) and salt-infused paper to create the electrolyte (电解液) . When the paper is dry. the battery is shelf-stable. Add just a couple of drops of water, however, and the salt dissolves, allowing electrons to flow. After the paper is wet, it takes about 20 seconds for the battery to activate. At that point, it produces a stable 1. 2 volts of electricity until the paper dries out. When the researchers rewet the paper, the battery produced 0. 5 volt for more than an hour. Although the researchers demonstrated that their battery could power an alarm clock, disposable paper batteries are unlikely to replace standard AA batteries on store shelves. However, Gustav Nystrom, senior author of the study, pictures a future where these batteries are inserted in environmental sensors, ideally with other sustainable components such as screens and packaging. Nystrom says he is in contact with potential industry partners and believes these batteries could make their way into products within the next two to five years. Crucially, Nystrom says his team created the battery without compromising on sustainability criteria. “This is work that really starts with the development of sustainable materials, ”he explains. From there, he says, “I think we were able to create something that is quite useful. ” 4. What does “this overlooked problem” refer to in paragraph 3? A. People have no idea where e-waste goes. B There are no innovative ways to reduce e-waste. C. People do not take seriously the batteries inside e-waste. D. Large quantities of electronic devices are being thrown away. 5. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. How the paper battery works. B. What the paper battery features. C. How the paper battery is applied. D. What the paper battery is composed of. 6. What can we infer about the paper battery according to the passage? A. It is novel but costly. B. It is delicate and powerful. C. It can’t power all devices. D. It has gained a large market share. 7. Which of the following might be the best title? A. Paper battery just add water B. Paper battery-replace standard ones C. Paper battery -a mainstream product D. Paper battery -the solution to pollution The skull(颅骨)of a tiny bird preserved in a 100-million-year-old Myanmar amber has been discovered by an international team of scientists, according to a paper newly published in the scientific journal Nature. The 14-millimeter-long skull is smaller than that of a bee hummingbird, the smallest living bird, making the new species the smallest bird and dinosaur ever found. When Xing Lida, a paleontologist(古生物家)at the China University of Geosciences, who led the research, first saw the amber in 2016, he was amazed. "It's like a tiny arrow with a long beak(鸟喙)and big eyes. . . Only birds have such characteristics," he said. The well-preserved fossil skull has rows of nearly 100 teeth that extend all the way under its big eyes that are supported by eye bones of a unique structure. The unusually high number of teeth and the unique shape of the eye make it difficult to classify the specimen(标本). Scientists think that about 100 million years ago this bird-like animal lived in the tropical Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar, where the amber was mined. Despite its small size, the specimen, named Oculudentavis khaungraae(宽娅眼齿鸟), has more teeth than any other fossilized bird. The large number of teeth indicates that it was a predator(捕食者), the paper said. "Judging from its size, it might prey mainly on insects," Xing said. "In fact, it has some characteristics that do not belong to birds or even dinosaurs. At present we think of it as a bird or a dinosaur, which is the most likely conclusion based on the characteristics of the skull.” One of the biggest advantages of amber lies in its high-quality preservation of the fine details in the skull and soft tissue features. "Amber gives us almost the only opportunity, to learn about tiny vertebrates(脊椎动物)from the dinosaur age," Xing said. "Oculudentavis is by far the smallest and most important specimen." 8. What has the international team of scientists found recently? A. The smallest fossil ever found. B. The oldest amber ever discovered. C. The smallest bee hummingbird fossil D. The skull of the smallest known bird. 9. What do we know about Oculudentavis? A. Its teeth and eyes were different from any other animal. B. Its eve structure shows that it might have good eyesight. C. It was classified in 2016 when first seen by Xing Lida. D. Its small size suggests that it might feed on plants. 10. What proves Oculudentavis's identity as a predator? A. Small size. B. Tropical habitat. C. High number of teeth. D. Unique shape of the eye. 11. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. The way that the fossil was well preserved. B. The reason why Oculudentavis was stuck in amber t C. The contribution of the fossil to scientific research. D. The importance of amber research in scientific research. Two of the saddest words in the English language are “if only(要是……就好了)”. I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words, because they convey regret, lost opportunities, mistakes, and disappointment. My father is famous in our family for saying “Take the extra minute to do it right.” I always try to live by the “extra minute” rule. When my children were young and likely to cause accidents, I always thought about what I could do to avoid an “if only” moment, whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter, or something that required a little more work such as taping padding (衬垫) onto the sharp corners of a glass coffee table. I don’t only avoid those “if only” moments when it comes to safety. It’s equally important to avoid “if only” in our personal relationships. We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they had foregone an opportunity to say “I love you” or “I forgive you.” When my father announced he was going to the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday, I told him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldn’t be here. But then I thought about the fact that he was 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn’t give up an opportunity to see him. I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all. I know there will still be occasions when I have to say “if only” about something, but my life is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality. And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right, or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to make a personal connection, I know that I’m doing the right thing. I’m buying myself peace of mind and that’s the best kind of insurance for my emotional well-being. 12. Which of the following is an example of the “extra minute” rule? A. Start the car the moment everyone is seated. B. Leave the room for a minute with the iron working. C. Wait for an extra minute so that the steak tastes better. D. Move an object out of the way before it trips someone. 13. The underlined word “foregone” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to______. A. take up B. stay away C. run out of D. give up 14. The author decided to go to her office on Good Friday to _______. A. keep her appointment with the eye doctor B. meet her father who was already an old man C. join in the holiday celebration of the company D. finish her work before the deadline approached 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Peace of Mind B. The Most Useful Rule C. The Two Saddest Words D. The Emotional Well-being 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中 有两项为多余选项。 I was taking a memory test while lying inside an MRI scanner to see whether the brains of memory champions like me were different from anyone else’s. When the results were published, the findings were very positive. ____16____ Instead, what set us apart was what we did when were learning ---- in particular, the way we used pictures, and put our “mind’s eye” to work. Everyone can get more from their memory. Any formation can be turned into imagery ---- immediately switching on parts of the brain that create rich, multi-layered memories. Try it yourself. Here’s a list of random words ---- just the sort of information that’s used to test would-be memory champions. _____17_____ Picture them, as vividly as you can. MOUNTAIN, TAINBOW, PEA, SOFA, SHEEP, SNOWMAN, WINDMILL, NEWSPAPER, PIANO, UMBRELLA As images, rather than words, these items will stay longer in your short-term memory. _____18_____ you’ll boost your chances of achieving even longer-term learning. Fire up your visual memory and get your brain buzzing. Notice the relative sizes of the items on the list. Look out for any similarities or differences in shapes, colours or textures. And ask yourself if any of the words fall into obvious pairs or patterns. _____19_____ Then, start attaching images to information you want to remember: shopping lists, addresses, brilliant ideas. By doing so, you’ll find that you soon become more observant, better with details, and more confident about recalling the things that matter. _____20_____ and use pictures to help you to set some new “personal bests” for your own memory power! A. But don’t just read the words. B. So learn from the champions, C. And by letting your brain engage with them in new ways, D. There are two kinds of memory: short-term and long-term. E. After a few minutes, cover the page and see how many words you recall. F. Thus, remembering can be thought of as an act of creative reimagination. G. Expert memorisers didn’t have any physical differences between our ears. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以 填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you seen people who take pictures of food for more than 10 minutes before eating? My friend Stella is such an example. Every time we went to a restaurant she would not take a bite until all the dishes we ____21____ were on the table. Then she would spend five minutes in ____22____ the dishes in a seemingly random but in fact ____23____ order. Then the most important part: taking pictures. After that, she would choose one of the ____24____ and click in the filter app. The food eventually looked 10 times more delicious than it really was, but we had no ____25____ to really enjoy it—it all went cold, actually Stella’s real life is much less elegant. For example, she hates to wash the dishes, so she leaves them in the sink for days. Many people care too much about others’ opinions and try too hard to ____26____ others. They find it hard to be ____27____ and to accept themselves, and thus they are afraid to show their ____28____ life on social media. What they are trying to prove is ____29____ what they lack in reality. But this will not bring any ____30____ to reality, as they still ____31____ the same old pattern of life. If they really want an elegant life, they should put more ____32____ into achieving it ____33____ fabricating it. Being more confident, ____34____ themselves and trying their best to be better are much more meaningful than ____35____ their life on social media. 21. A. ordered B. served C. offered D. prepared 22 A. cooking B. washing C. setting D. collecting 23. A. messy B. arranged C. casual D. missed 24. A. dishes B. restaurants C. tables D. pictures 25. A. chance B. choice C. excuse D. reason 26. A. comfort B. please C. inspire D. discourage 27. A. independent B. generous C. responsible D. confident 28. A. real B. secret C. peaceful D. healthy 29. A. rarely B. hardly C. exactly D. nearly 30. A. difficulty B. change C. guidance D. harm 31. A. question B. dislike C. doubt D. follow 32. A. effort B. ambitions C. feeling D. money 33 A. other than B. more than C. rather than D. less than 34. A. identifying B. accepting C. persuading D. amusing 35. A. simplifying B. ruining C. beautifying D. worsening 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。 It was a cold February day. Dangwen and his wildlife monitoring team patrolled (巡逻)along the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. That day, they ____36____ (meet) 220 blue sheep and five white-lipped deer. Through the camera, they found a mother and two baby leopards (豹) — and the babies had grown much ____37____ (big) than three months earlier. Dangwen comes from Yunta a village located in Sanjiangyuan, Qinghai Province on the Tibetan Plateau. Sanjiangyuan serves as an important habitat ____38____ rich and unique species. Dangwen is neither officially a researcher ____39____ an activist. But he has taken upon himself the task of monitoring local wildlife with a team of other villagers, as part of a conservation project driven by the Shanshui Conservation Center, ____40____ Beijing-based non-governmental organization. When the organization brought up the idea of ____41____ (organize) villagers to watch over wildlife and protect their lands, Dangwen volunteered ____42____ (immediate). Having grown up in the village, he knows very well the land, the river and the wildlife, and he is especially proud of the sacred mountains ____43____ are around all of them. This is the fourth year that Yunta villagers have carried out this monitoring, patrolled the village to identify poachers (偷猎者), and managed rubbish ____44____ (keep) the land and rivers clean. Monitoring data shows that local wildlife ____45____ (population), including snow leopards, are increasing. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15 分） 46. 你的外籍朋友写信询问你校的社团活动，请以我最喜欢的社团为主题回信。内容包括：推荐你喜欢的一个社团，及从中获得的体验和感受 注意：学校社团(school clubs) 1. 词数80左右； 2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分 25 分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Bill is a retired oil field engineer. His hands are thick, and his fingers branch out in all directions. He moved back to America late in his career. His wife died of a serious disease so he had to raise his three daughters on his own. In my parents’ eyes, Bill is hardworking and helpful. Every day, when I pass by his yard to go to school in the morning, I often see him standing in his front door, smiling at me. But in my heart, Bill is the last person I am willing to talk with in the world. When I was 7 years old, I picked fruits in his garden without his permission. He scolded (责骂) me severely and let me apologize to him in front of my parents. I hated him and swore (发誓) not to talk with him any more. What’s more, there is a scar (伤疤) on his face, which makes me more afraid to get close to him. Recently, Bill, in his seventies, invited my friends in our neighborhood to his house to spend weekends. Of course, Bill also invited me several times but I turned him down. My friends told me that they were surprised to find Bill was also experienced in playing basketball, and they invited Bill to teach them to play basketball on weekends. Besides, Bill often offered them sodas. It’s rare to see a bond that bridges generations. But I didn’t care all of these any longer. One week ago, my friends came to my home and expected me to join their basketball team to have a match with the team from another neighborhood. I like playing basketball and I am good at it so I agreed immediately. But when I was told Bill would give us guidance and it was he that let my friends invite me to join the team, I hesitated. Eventually, I was persuaded to have a try. The match started. Because I wanted to prove myself, I tried my best to shoot every time I caught the ball. I didn’t pass the ball to my teammates. Ten minutes passed and our team didn’t win one point. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I felt at a loss when Bill called time out. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When each player in our team was celebrating our winning the game, I came up to Bill. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5ABCCC 6-10CACBC 11-15CACCB 16-20ABCAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$