精品解析：江苏省扬州市仪征市精诚高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题

仪征市精诚高级中学 2023-2024学年度第二学期期末模拟试题 高二英语 （考试时间：120分钟；总分：150分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1. When will the woman’s mother probably arrive? A. At about 12:00 p.m. B. At about 3:00 p.m. C. At about 6:00 p.m. 2. What is Nick doing now? A. Doing the washing. B. Playing football. C. Watching TV. 3. Where did the woman park? A. On Swinton Road. B. On Swan Street. C. On Menzies Street. 4. How will the woman contact John? A By phone. B. By email. C. In person. 5. Why is the woman upset? A. She made a wrong call. B. Her phone does not work. C. The machine is not useful. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What is the man’s job probably? A. A university professor. B. A seaport manager. C. A ship captain. 7. Which country is the woman from? A. China. B. Italy. C. Singapore. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What does the man praise? A. The woman’s dress. B. The woman’s bag. C. The woman’s shoes. 9. How does the woman keep up with fashion? A By watching fashion shows. B. By following the fashion trend. C. By getting help from a designer. 10. Where does the woman usually buy dress? A. At the supermarket. B. At the tailor’s. C. On the Internet. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. What sport does the man often play? A. Baseball. B. Football. C. Volleyball. 12. What does the woman like best? A. Reading. B. Photography. C. Computers. 13. What may the man get on his birthday? A. A historical novel. B. A collection of poems. C. A sci-fi work. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the rent price of a room with a city view? A. 120. B. 130. C. 175. 15. What does the man think of the rent price of the hotel? A. Reasonable. B. Ridiculous. C. Just so-so. 16. What can we know according to the dialogue? A. The woman cares about the type of the room. B. The man likes being in quiet surroundings all night. C. The woman wants a room on the ground floor. 17. What will the woman probably do in the end? A. Give up the choice of the hotel room. B. Choose the penthouse (楼顶) room for 400 a night. C. Go to visit the Great Wall of China. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. Which course is the most popular according to the speaker? A. The Study Skills course. B. The Application Help course. C. The Advanced Testing course. 19. How much will it cost to take all three courses? A. $150. B. $200. C. $250. 20. What will people do to sign up for the deal? A. Go to the Chicago office. B. Fill out a form online. C. Call an advisor. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A Pets are part of our family so it’s important to factor them in when planning a trip that you’re not taking them with you on. Pet charity Blue Cross advises planning well in advance so you know that your pet will be comfortable. Family and friends Leaving your pet in the care of a trusted friend or neighbour will give you peace of mind that it will be well cared for. Your pet will be able to stay with them in their home. Things to consider if your pet is staying in another house: · Do they have another dog or pet and will they get on with your pet? · Do they have a garden? Is the garden secure so your pet can’t escape? Pet sitter Pet sitters stay in or visit your home to look after your pet while you’re away for a fee. This is a good option which allows your pet to stay in a familiar environment and you will receive regular updates. How to find a good pet sitter: · Ask friends and family for recommendations for pet sitters. · Pet sitters don’t need a license to work, but reputable ones will be able to show you training and insurance certificates. · Check reviews online from independent review sites. Home boarder Home boarders are people that take pets into their own homes to look after for a fee. How to find a good home boarder: · Check their home has no obvious dangers, like exposed wires, toxic substances and unsecured fences. · Your pet is invited round to get to know the home and meet the family it’ll be staying with. · You can easily find and view their license to home board pets from the local council as well as their insurance details and training. Boarding kennels Kennels are an option, but it depends whether your pet is comfortable being left alone in a kennel environment around other pets. How to find a boarding kennel: · Get a personal recommendation, and check the kennel is licensed. · Ask if you can visit before you book. · Ask about insurance cover and the procedure for contacting a vet (兽医). 1. If you prefer your pet to stay in a familiar environment, you can leave it with _____. A. a friend B. a pet sitter C. a home boarder D. a boarding kennel 2. How can one find a suitable home boarder? A. Call the insurance company. B. Check the license from the local council. C. Check reviews from independent review sites. D. Invite him over to your home and meet your family. 3. Who may find this passage most useful? A. A vet who desires to change his job. B. A man who is considering adopting a dog. C. A couple who are planning to rent a house. D. A pet owner who will take a business trip. B Supermarkets, conservationists and farming groups have shown their concerns about pollution of the Wye, one of the UK’s longest rivers. “The pollution pressures upon the Wye are unacceptable and there was strong enthusiasm for cooperative action to resolve the problem.” said Craig Bennett, head of the Wildlife Trusts. The pollution referred largely to runoff of the nutrient-rich waste matter produced by the 20 million-plus chickens near the river. Bennett said: “We discussed how, if the Wye were a school or a hospital, we would be calling for it to be placed into ‘special measures’. We agreed the same level of urgency must be applied.” Increasing concern led the local government to hold a discussion in May, when they promised to publish a plan for the Wye by the autumn. However, the local government’s push on the river was marred in June when the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs published a Wye video showing sea otters (海獺) rather than the river’s local European otters. The pollution of the Wye was not mentioned at all. In July Bennett hosted a Wye round table in Powys, Wales, bringing together local groups, the Environment Agency, the chicken produce Avara Foodsr, regional branches of the National Farmers Union and local authorities. They agreed on a plan that included cutting the nutrient pollution “through a reduction in animal numbers” and other measures. Bennett also wrote to Julie James, the Welsh Climate Change Minister, who said, “I share your concern for the health of the River Wye and other Welsh rivers.” A supermarket chain said they are committed to protecting the river and engaging with their chicken suppliers to tackle water pollution. They have detailed management plans to make sure their suppliers are farming with care for the environment. A government spokesman said: “We are offering a wide range of support to farmers to speed up their transition to more sustainable practices and help protect this important site.” 4. Why does Bennett compare the Wye with a school or a hospital? A. To call for urgent measures. B. To stress the impacts of the river. C. To show the importance of the river. D. To urge people to protect the environment. 5. What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “marred” in Paragraph 4? A. Destroyed. B. Boosted C. Perfected. D. Emphasized. 6. What is agreed on at the round table? A. Making a careful plan. B. Reducing animal numbers. C. Arousing people’s awareness. D. Asking the government for money. 7. What can be the best title for the text? A. Sea Otters Are under Attack for Possible Pollution B. Cooperated Efforts Are Made to Protect the Wye C. People Are Having More Environmental Awareness D. More Measures Should Be Taken to Prevent Air Pollution C A bat and a ball cost $1.10 in total. The bat costs $1.00 more than the ball. How much does the ball cost? If you answered 10 cents, you’re not alone – most people give the same answer (the correct answer is 5 cents). It’s an example of how we often rely on intuitive (直觉的) responses – answers we feel are true. People give answers that “pop into their mind,” says Steven Sloman. We don’t spend much time “reflecting and checking whether the answer is right or wrong.” The bat and ball question helps explain why we often believe in fake news. It is part of human nature to believe, says Sloman. But “the trick with fake news is to know to verify” – in other words, to stop and question what you know. In one experiment, Sloman and a colleague invented a discovery called helium rain. They told a group of volunteers about it, but admitted they could not fully explain what it was. They then asked the volunteers to rate their own understanding of helium rain. Most volunteers rated themselves 1 out of 7, meaning they did not understand the concept. The researchers then told another group of volunteers about the discovery. This time, they said that scientists could fully explain how it works. When asked to rate their understanding, the volunteers gave an average answer of 2. The scientists’ confidence gave the volunteers an increased sense of their own understanding, Sloman says. According to Sloman, studies show that knowledge spreads like a contagion(传染病). This idea can be seen in many fields, including politics. “If everyone around you is saying they understand why a politician is dishonest,” Sloman says, “then you’re going to start thinking that you understand, too.” Another explanation for the spread of fake news is “motivated reasoning,” writes Adam Wyatz, an American management professor, “we are naturally more likely to believe things that confirm our existing opinions.” So in a world where misleading information is common, training people to care about fact-checking is important, especially in online communities. “We should check things and not just take them at face value,” Sloman says. “Verify before you believe.” 8. Why does the author use the example of the bat and ball question? A. To warn that people often ignore skills that they learned. B. To show that there are various answers to a question. C. To arouse people’s interest in playing guessing games. D. To illustrate that people tend to rush to a conclusion. 9. In paragraph 3, what does the underlined word “verify” mean? A. To express an opinion about something. B. To make sure something is true. C. To think about something for a long time. D. To follow your intuitive response. 10. When do more volunteers claim to understand helium rain? A. When Sloman and his colleagues showed them how it works. B. When they have more confidence in themselves. C. When they believed that scientists understood it. D. When some of the volunteers explained it to them. 11. Which of the following is an example of “motivated reasoning”? A. You post a message online that gives your personal opinion about a news story. B. You think a university professor dishonest when everybody around you say so. C. You search online for more information about a doubtful story on social media. D. You trust a damaging story about someone who you always judge negatively. D Students at the Calhoun School in New York City have much more than a roof over their heads. They have a rooftop garden, with lush grass, colorful flowers and fragrant herbs. “Green roofs” are sprouting up all over, from schools to city skyscrapers. And roofs aren’t the only things going green. Architects are finding all sorts of new ways to build buildings that are easier on the environment. These schools, homes, and offices are called “green buildings”. Normally it takes a lot of energy to run appliances. Too often, that energy comes from burning fossil fuels. So green buildings are designed to do all these things with much less energy. An energy-smart building starts with thick walls. A layer of insulation (隔热材料) traps air to stop heat from passing through. That keeps heat inside in the winter, and keeps heat outside in the summer. This saves energy for heating and cooling. Heat pumps are another power-saving way to stay comfortable. A ground heat pump moves heat through pipes that run through the ground next to the building. A few feet under the ground the temperature stays around 10℃ all year round. Water flowing around the pipes helps heat the building in winter and cool it in summer. Another way to build green is to use recycled materials. That saves the cost and pollution of manufacturing something new. In the Chicago Center for Green Technology, the ceiling tiles (瓷砖) are made of pressed newspaper. The bathroom floors are tiled with recycled glass, and the stall walls are recycled plastic. Builders have found many creative ways to re-use old materials. As more people become concerned about climate change, more buildings are going green. Green buildings produce less of the gases that warm the planet. City planners like green buildings because they save money. And they are healthier for the people who work and live inside. But you don’t need to build a whole new building. Simple changes like shading windows and planting trees can make any home greener — and a better Earth home for us all. 12. How are green buildings designed to keep warm in the winter? A. By-burning fossil fuels. B. By using thick walls with insulators. C. By running heating devices. D. By equipping buildings with appliances. 13. According to the passage, the advantages of green buildings include the following EXCEPT________. A. saving water B. using recycled materials C. using less energy D. reducing greenhouse gas emissions 14. In which section of a magazine can we read the text? A Education. B. Culture. C. Economy. D. Technology. 15. Which of the following might be the best title for the text? A. Recycling: to make a better earth for us all B. Heat Pumps: a new approach to saving energy C. Green Roofs: more than a roof over our heads D. Building Green: to hug the earth more kindly 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Hop on the Silent Walking Trend Silent walking involves walking outdoors without distractions like music or conversations, focusing on the mind-body-nature connection. ____16____ That’s a slower, lower-impact way to relax and is great for fitness. Here’s everything you need to know about the trend. Select a natural setting and fully engage your senses. For reaping the mental health benefits, it is recommended to find a quiet and peaceful natural location. ____17____ Meanwhile, consciously observing the sights, sounds, smells, and physical sensations during the walk can significantly impact cognitive and emotional well-being. To stimulate the mind, consider exploring different routes than usual. Without your favourite podcast or playlist, you might slip into boredom on your walk. ____18____ And it might even be good for your brain. Scientists applaud the virtues of boredom for brain health, believing that it boosts creativity and improves social connections. And if you do get bored, rest assured that it shows you’ve disconnected from external distractions. Go with it, and make sure you take a different route each time — it’ll keep you motivated. Start off with five-minute silent walks and eventually build up to thirty minutes. If you’re usually a headphone wearer, it will feel super weird to walk without your go-to tunes, but give yourself a second to adjust. Chances are, once you’re a few minutes into your silent walk, you’ll feel the magic kick in. ____19____ Regular reflection and ongoing documentation are essential. After completing a silent walk, take time to reflect upon any emerging thoughts, feelings, or insights. ____20____ Journaling about the experience can also solidify connections between thoughts and ideas, providing a valuable tool for self-reflection and growth. A. But being bored won’t hurt you. B. Taking different paths can lead to exciting discoveries. C. Adjusting the routine gradually can help ease into the experience. D. You’ll also start noticing the little things around you more clearly. E. They can deepen understanding and serve as a record of personal growth F. Unlike exercise-oriented walking, it isn’t about reaching certain speed or steps G. In such an environment, you can immerse yourself in the natural soundscape (音景) . 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） When Alexa couldn’t crawl, stand or walk as a baby, her mother sensed that something was wrong. ___21___, doctors told her not to worry — perhaps Alexa was just a “lazy baby”. After seeing a specialist, though, Alexa was diagnosed with a rare disease called spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), which affects the central nervous system and the ___22___ in the body. Throughout Alexa’s childhood and adolescence, there were no ___23___ medicines to treat SMA. Her muscles continued to weaken over time. But Alexa was outgoing and loved to exercise her ___24___ through pretend play and performing. This adventurous spirit led her to work as a child ___25___, appearing in movies, television shows and commercials. With hard work, determination and courage — not to ___26___ plenty of support from her loved ones — Alexa graduated from high school, and attended a law school. While in law school, her symptoms became especially ___27___. She noticed that it was becoming more difficult to ___28___ her hands and move her fingers. Around that same time, she ___29___ an experimental drug for SMA that was in clinical trials. She started ____30____ to learn as much as she could about this possible medicine and what it might do for her. Finally she received the first-ever approved treatment to ____31____ the progression of her disease. Now, Alexa works as an entertainment lawyer for a Hollywood production company. Although Alexa doesn’t let her SMA define her, it has certainly ____32____ who she is today: optimistic, courageous and ____33____. The limitations SMA places on her have been a (n) ____34____, but they’ve also ____35____ as a motivator, leading Alexa to get as much out of life as she can. 21. A. Initially B. Gradually C. Apparently D. Eventually 22. A. bones B. cells C. muscles D. blood 23. A. previous B. available C. sufficient D. affordable 24. A. body B. power C. language D. imagination 25. A. lawyer B. producer C. actor D. author 26. A. mention B. explain C. argue D. complain 27. A. tiresome B. worrisome C. terrific D. fantastic 28. A. lift B. wave C. swing D. shake 29. A. tried out B. talked about C. heard about D. tested out 30. A. claiming B. admiring C. researching D. fighting 31. A. cure B. speed C. stop D. slow 32. A. shaped B. affected C. remembered D. realized 33. A. considerate B. determined C. sympathetic D. generous 34. A. consequence B. threat C. object D. obstacle 35. A. operated B. indicated C. experienced D. functioned 第二节 短文填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A freight train loaded with grain from Kazakhstan arrived in Zhangjiakou on Dec 13. It came after a journey ____36____ passed through the Horgos railway port in Northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region. It was the first freight train from overseas ____37____(arrive) in Zhangjiakou since the launch of the China-Europe (Central Asia) route at the end of August, and took 10 days to travel more than 4,000 kilometers. The government said the train’s arrival signified the ____38____(office) opening of the Zhangjiakou section of the route in both directions, enabling two-way trade and establishing an important ____39____(found) for the development of Zhangjiakou ____40____ a multimodal transportation. It also marked ____41____ significant step forward in constructing a comprehensive international trade corridor in Zhangjiakou, enhancing its level of openness ____42____ expanding the logistics network around Beijing. The name of the trains, “Jingzhang”, ____43____(combine) characters representing the cities of Beijing and Zhangjiakou. The train to depart from Zhangjiakou left the freight railway station in Xiahuayuan district on Aug 29, carrying 59 containers with 1,322 tons of goods. As the train network continues to expand more cities in Hebei, Shijiazhuang, Handan, Langfang and Zhangjiakou ____44____(include), are joining the cross-border railway transportation system. Zhangjiakou is becoming part of a comprehensive international trade corridor _____45_____(follow) the opening of the railway route to Europe and Central Asia. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是学生会主席李华。请为校英文报写一则招新启事, 欢迎同学们加入到学校英语社团，启事内容包括： 1. 介绍社团的活动； 2.参加社团的好处； 3.加入社团的方式. 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 Welcome to Our English Club March 28, 2024 Welcome to our English club! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ English Club 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The easy way out isn't always easiest. I learned that lesson when I decided to treat my father to a special meal. I glanced through the cookbook and chose a menu which included homemade bread. Knowing the bread would take time, I started on it as soon as he left for work. As I was not experienced in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, two dozen would be better, so I doubled everything. As Dad loved oranges, I also opened a can of orange and poured it all into the bowl. Soon there was sticky dough (面团) covered with ugly yellowish marks. Realizing I had been defeated, I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn't have to face him laughing at my work. I went on preparing the rest of the meal, and, when Dad got home, we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice. He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed disturbed. Twice he got up and went outside, saying he thought he heard a noise. The third time he left, I went to the windows to see what he was doing. Looking out, I saw Dad standing about three feet from the rubbish bin, holding the lid up with a stick and looking into the container. When I came out of the house, he dropped the stick and explained that there was something alive in the rubbish bin. Picking up the stick again, he held the lid up enough for me to see. I felt cold. But I stepped closer and looked harder. Without doubt it was my work. The hot sun had caused the dough to double in size and the. fermenting yeast (酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing. I had to admit what the "living thing" was and why it was there. I don't know who was more embarrassed by the whole thing, Dad or me. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My dad tapped me gently on the shoulder, and we went inside. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At a party three months later, everyone wanted to try my bread. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 仪征市精诚高级中学 2023-2024学年度第二学期期末模拟试题 高二英语 （考试时间：120分钟；总分：150分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1. When will the woman’s mother probably arrive? A. At about 12:00 p.m. B. At about 3:00 p.m. C. At about 6:00 p.m. 2. What is Nick doing now? A. Doing the washing. B. Playing football. C. Watching TV. 3. Where did the woman park? A. On Swinton Road. B. On Swan Street. C. On Menzies Street. 4. How will the woman contact John? A. By phone. B. By email. C. In person. 5. Why is the woman upset? A. She made a wrong call. B. Her phone does not work. C. The machine is not useful. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What is the man’s job probably? A. A university professor. B. A seaport manager. C. A ship captain. 7. Which country is the woman from? A. China. B. Italy. C. Singapore. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What does the man praise? A. The woman’s dress. B. The woman’s bag. C. The woman’s shoes. 9. How does the woman keep up with fashion? A. By watching fashion shows. B. By following the fashion trend. C. By getting help from a designer. 10. Where does the woman usually buy dress? A. At the supermarket. B. At the tailor’s. C. On the Internet. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. What sport does the man often play? A. Baseball. B. Football. C. Volleyball. 12. What does the woman like best? A. Reading. B. Photography. C. Computers. 13. What may the man get on his birthday? A. A historical novel. B. A collection of poems. C. A sci-fi work. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the rent price of a room with a city view? A. 120. B. 130. C. 175. 15. What does the man think of the rent price of the hotel? A. Reasonable. B. Ridiculous. C. Just so-so. 16. What can we know according to the dialogue? A. The woman cares about the type of the room. B. The man likes being in quiet surroundings all night. C. The woman wants a room on the ground floor. 17. What will the woman probably do in the end? A. Give up the choice of the hotel room. B. Choose the penthouse (楼顶) room for 400 a night. C. Go to visit the Great Wall of China. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. Which course is the most popular according to the speaker? A. The Study Skills course. B. The Application Help course. C. The Advanced Testing course. 19. How much will it cost to take all three courses? A. $150. B. $200. C. $250. 20. What will people do to sign up for the deal? A. Go to the Chicago office. B. Fill out a form online. C. Call an advisor. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A Pets are part of our family so it’s important to factor them in when planning a trip that you’re not taking them with you on. Pet charity Blue Cross advises planning well in advance so you know that your pet will be comfortable. Family and friends Leaving your pet in the care of a trusted friend or neighbour will give you peace of mind that it will be well cared for. Your pet will be able to stay with them in their home. Things to consider if your pet is staying in another house: · Do they have another dog or pet and will they get on with your pet? · Do they have a garden? Is the garden secure so your pet can’t escape? Pet sitter Pet sitters stay in or visit your home to look after your pet while you’re away for a fee. This is a good option which allows your pet to stay in a familiar environment and you will receive regular updates. How to find a good pet sitter: · Ask friends and family for recommendations for pet sitters. · Pet sitters don’t need a license to work, but reputable ones will be able to show you training and insurance certificates. · Check reviews online from independent review sites. Home boarder Home boarders are people that take pets into their own homes to look after for a fee. How to find a good home boarder: · Check their home has no obvious dangers, like exposed wires, toxic substances and unsecured fences. · Your pet is invited round to get to know the home and meet the family it’ll be staying with. · You can easily find and view their license to home board pets from the local council as well as their insurance details and training. Boarding kennels Kennels are an option, but it depends whether your pet is comfortable being left alone in a kennel environment around other pets. How to find a boarding kennel: · Get a personal recommendation, and check the kennel is licensed. · Ask if you can visit before you book. · Ask about insurance cover and the procedure for contacting a vet (兽医). 1. If you prefer your pet to stay in a familiar environment, you can leave it with _____. A. a friend B. a pet sitter C. a home boarder D. a boarding kennel 2. How can one find a suitable home boarder? A Call the insurance company. B. Check the license from the local council. C. Check reviews from independent review sites. D. Invite him over to your home and meet your family. 3. Who may find this passage most useful? A. A vet who desires to change his job. B. A man who is considering adopting a dog. C. A couple who are planning to rent a house. D. A pet owner who will take a business trip. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在主人外出旅行时，照顾并安置家中宠物的四种方式。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Pet sitter中“This is a good option which allows your pet to stay in a familiar environment and you will receive regular updates.(这是一个很好的选择，可以让你的宠物待在一个熟悉的环境中，你会收到定期的更新)”可知，选择宠物保姆能让你的宠物待在一个熟悉的环境中。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Home boarder中“You can easily find and view their license to home board pets from the local council as well as their insurance details and training.(你可以很容易地从当地议会找到并查看他们的家庭宠物执照，以及他们的保险细节和培训)”可知，想要给宠物找一个合适的寄宿家庭，可以查一下当地议会的家庭宠物执照。故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Pets are part of our family so it’s important to factor them in when planning a trip that you’re not taking them with you on. Pet charity Blue Cross advises planning well in advance so you know that your pet will be comfortable.(宠物是我们家庭的一部分，所以当你计划不带它们一起旅行时，把它们考虑进去是很重要的。宠物慈善机构蓝十字会建议提前做好计划，这样你就知道你的宠物会过得很舒服)”可知，本文是写给不计划带宠物出去旅行，而想要宠物得到照顾的人看的。由此推知，“一个要出差的养宠物的人”会觉得这篇文章有用。故选D项。 B Supermarkets, conservationists and farming groups have shown their concerns about pollution of the Wye, one of the UK’s longest rivers. “The pollution pressures upon the Wye are unacceptable and there was strong enthusiasm for cooperative action to resolve the problem.” said Craig Bennett, head of the Wildlife Trusts. The pollution referred largely to runoff of the nutrient-rich waste matter produced by the 20 million-plus chickens near the river. Bennett said: “We discussed how, if the Wye were a school or a hospital, we would be calling for it to be placed into ‘special measures’. We agreed the same level of urgency must be applied.” Increasing concern led the local government to hold a discussion in May, when they promised to publish a plan for the Wye by the autumn. However, the local government’s push on the river was marred in June when the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs published a Wye video showing sea otters (海獺) rather than the river’s local European otters. The pollution of the Wye was not mentioned at all. In July Bennett hosted a Wye round table in Powys, Wales, bringing together local groups, the Environment Agency, the chicken produce Avara Foodsr, regional branches of the National Farmers Union and local authorities. They agreed on a plan that included cutting the nutrient pollution “through a reduction in animal numbers” and other measures. Bennett also wrote to Julie James, the Welsh Climate Change Minister, who said, “I share your concern for the health of the River Wye and other Welsh rivers.” A supermarket chain said they are committed to protecting the river and engaging with their chicken suppliers to tackle water pollution. They have detailed management plans to make sure their suppliers are farming with care for the environment. A government spokesman said: “We are offering a wide range of support to farmers to speed up their transition to more sustainable practices and help protect this important site.” 4. Why does Bennett compare the Wye with a school or a hospital? A. To call for urgent measures. B. To stress the impacts of the river. C To show the importance of the river. D. To urge people to protect the environment. 5. What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “marred” in Paragraph 4? A. Destroyed. B. Boosted C. Perfected. D. Emphasized. 6. What is agreed on at the round table? A. Making a careful plan. B. Reducing animal numbers. C. Arousing people’s awareness. D. Asking the government for money. 7. What can be the best title for the text? A. Sea Otters Are under Attack for Possible Pollution B. Cooperated Efforts Are Made to Protect the Wye C. People Are Having More Environmental Awareness D. More Measures Should Be Taken to Prevent Air Pollution 【答案】4. A 5. A 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了英国瓦伊河污染得到重视并准备治理的消息。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Bennett said: “We discussed how, if the Wye were a school or a hospital, we would be calling for it to be placed into ‘special measures’. We agreed the same level of urgency must be applied.”(Bennett说：“我们讨论过，如果怀伊是一所学校或医院，我们将如何要求将其置于‘特殊措施’之中。我们一致认为，必须采取同样的紧急措施。”)”可推知，Bennett觉得应该把瓦伊河的污染看作和学校或医院受到污染一样重要，必须采取同样程度的紧急措施。故选A。 【5题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“in June when the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs published a Wye video showing sea otters (海獺) rather than the river’s local European otters(当时环境、食品和农村事务部公布了一段怀伊的视频，视频中显示的是海獭，而不是这条河上当地的欧洲水獭)”可知，海獭事件的出现使得政府解决瓦伊河污染的推进工作受到了阻碍。故划线词意思是“破坏”。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“They agreed on a plan that included cutting the nutrient pollution “through a reduction in animal numbers” and other measures.(他们达成了一项计划，包括“通过减少动物数量”和其他措施来减少营养污染)”可知，在圆桌会议上达成了减少动物数量的协议。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Supermarkets, conservationists and farming groups have shown their concerns about pollution of the Wye, one of the UK’s longest rivers. “The pollution pressures upon the Wye are unacceptable and there was strong enthusiasm for cooperative action to resolve the problem.” said Craig Bennett, head of the Wildlife Trusts.(超市、自然资源保护主义者和农业组织对英国最长的河流之一怀伊河的污染表示担忧。“怀伊河的污染压力是不可接受的，大家都非常希望采取合作行动来解决问题。野生动物信托基金会负责人克雷格·贝内特说)”结合文章报道了英国瓦伊河遭到污染，政府以及连锁店积极想办法进行治理的事情，因此判断B项“共同努力保护河流”可以作为最佳标题。故选B。 C A bat and a ball cost $1.10 in total. The bat costs $1.00 more than the ball. How much does the ball cost? If you answered 10 cents, you’re not alone – most people give the same answer (the correct answer is 5 cents). It’s an example of how we often rely on intuitive (直觉的) responses – answers we feel are true. People give answers that “pop into their mind,” says Steven Sloman. We don’t spend much time “reflecting and checking whether the answer is right or wrong.” The bat and ball question helps explain why we often believe in fake news. It is part of human nature to believe, says Sloman. But “the trick with fake news is to know to verify” – in other words, to stop and question what you know. In one experiment, Sloman and a colleague invented a discovery called helium rain. They told a group of volunteers about it, but admitted they could not fully explain what it was. They then asked the volunteers to rate their own understanding of helium rain. Most volunteers rated themselves 1 out of 7, meaning they did not understand the concept. The researchers then told another group of volunteers about the discovery. This time, they said that scientists could fully explain how it works. When asked to rate their understanding, the volunteers gave an average answer of 2. The scientists’ confidence gave the volunteers an increased sense of their own understanding, Sloman says. According to Sloman, studies show that knowledge spreads like a contagion(传染病). This idea can be seen in many fields, including politics. “If everyone around you is saying they understand why a politician is dishonest,” Sloman says, “then you’re going to start thinking that you understand, too.” Another explanation for the spread of fake news is “motivated reasoning,” writes Adam Wyatz, an American management professor, “we are naturally more likely to believe things that confirm our existing opinions.” So in a world where misleading information is common, training people to care about fact-checking is important, especially in online communities. “We should check things and not just take them at face value,” Sloman says. “Verify before you believe.” 8. Why does the author use the example of the bat and ball question? A. To warn that people often ignore skills that they learned. B. To show that there are various answers to a question. C. To arouse people’s interest in playing guessing games. D. To illustrate that people tend to rush to a conclusion. 9. In paragraph 3, what does the underlined word “verify” mean? A. To express an opinion about something. B. To make sure something is true. C. To think about something for a long time. D. To follow your intuitive response. 10. When do more volunteers claim to understand helium rain? A. When Sloman and his colleagues showed them how it works. B. When they have more confidence in themselves. C. When they believed that scientists understood it. D. When some of the volunteers explained it to them. 11. Which of the following is an example of “motivated reasoning”? A. You post a message online that gives your personal opinion about a news story. B. You think a university professor dishonest when everybody around you say so. C. You search online for more information about a doubtful story on social media. D. You trust a damaging story about someone who you always judge negatively. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。短文通过实例和研究告诉我们，人们很容易被假新闻所误导，人们关注消息时应该核查其真伪性，这是很重要的。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“It’s an example of how we often rely on intuitive (直觉的) responses – answers we feel are true. People give answers that “pop into their mind,” says Steven Sloman. We don’t spend much time “reflecting and checking whether the answer is right or wrong.”(这是一个我们如何经常依赖直觉反应的例子——我们认为答案是真实的。史蒂文·斯洛曼说，人们给出的答案“会突然进入他们的脑海”。我们不会花太多时间“反思和检查答案是否正确。”)”可判断，作者用球拍和球的例子是来说明人们倾向于匆忙下结论。故选D。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“in other words, to stop and question what you know. (换句话说，停止并质疑你所知道一切。)”可知，识别假新闻的诀窍是知道如何验证，所以划线词verify为“核实”之意，即“确定某事是真的”。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“This time, they said that scientists could fully explain how it works. When asked to rate their understanding, the volunteers gave an average answer of 2. The scientists’ confidence gave the volunteers an increased sense of their own understanding, Sloman says.(这一次，他们说科学家们可以完全解释它是如何工作的。当被要求对他们的理解程度打分时，志愿者给出了平均2分的答案。科学家的自信让志愿者们对自己的理解有了更多的认识，Sloman说。)”可知，当他们相信科学家能理解的时候，更多的志愿者声称了解氦雨。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“we are naturally more likely to believe things that confirm our existing opinions.(我们自然而然地更倾向于相信那些证实了我们现有观点的事情。)”可判断，D选项“你相信一个你总是负面评价的人的坏故事”为动机推理的典型例子。故选D。 D Students at the Calhoun School in New York City have much more than a roof over their heads. They have a rooftop garden, with lush grass, colorful flowers and fragrant herbs. “Green roofs” are sprouting up all over, from schools to city skyscrapers. And roofs aren’t the only things going green. Architects are finding all sorts of new ways to build buildings that are easier on the environment. These schools, homes, and offices are called “green buildings”. Normally it takes a lot of energy to run appliances. Too often, that energy comes from burning fossil fuels. So green buildings are designed to do all these things with much less energy. An energy-smart building starts with thick walls. A layer of insulation (隔热材料) traps air to stop heat from passing through. That keeps heat inside in the winter, and keeps heat outside in the summer. This saves energy for heating and cooling. Heat pumps are another power-saving way to stay comfortable. A ground heat pump moves heat through pipes that run through the ground next to the building. A few feet under the ground, the temperature stays around 10℃ all year round. Water flowing around the pipes helps heat the building in winter and cool it in summer. Another way to build green is to use recycled materials. That saves the cost and pollution of manufacturing something new. In the Chicago Center for Green Technology, the ceiling tiles (瓷砖) are made of pressed newspaper. The bathroom floors are tiled with recycled glass, and the stall walls are recycled plastic. Builders have found many creative ways to re-use old materials. As more people become concerned about climate change, more buildings are going green. Green buildings produce less of the gases that warm the planet. City planners like green buildings because they save money. And they are healthier for the people who work and live inside. But you don’t need to build a whole new building. Simple changes like shading windows and planting trees can make any home greener — and a better Earth home for us all. 12. How are green buildings designed to keep warm in the winter? A. By-burning fossil fuels. B. By using thick walls with insulators. C. By running heating devices. D. By equipping buildings with appliances. 13. According to the passage, the advantages of green buildings include the following EXCEPT________. A. saving water B. using recycled materials C. using less energy D. reducing greenhouse gas emissions 14. In which section of a magazine can we read the text? A. Education. B. Culture. C. Economy. D. Technology. 15. Which of the following might be the best title for the text? A. Recycling: to make a better earth for us all B. Heat Pumps: a new approach to saving energy C. Green Roofs: more than a roof over our heads D. Building Green: to hug the earth more kindly 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何进行绿色建筑及其对环境的好处。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“So green buildings are designed to do all these things with much less energy. An energy-smart building starts with thick walls. A layer of insulation (隔热材料) traps air to stop heat from passing through. That keeps heat inside in the winter, and keeps heat outside in the summer.(所以绿色建筑的设计就是要用更少的能源来做所有这些事情。节能建筑从厚墙开始。一层绝缘层可以隔绝空气，阻止热量通过。这样就能在冬天保持室内的热量，在夏天保持室外的热量)”可知，绿色建筑设计通过使用带有绝缘体的厚墙在冬天保持温暖。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“So green buildings are designed to do all these things with much less energy.(所以绿色建筑的设计就是要用更少的能源来做所有这些事情)”及第四段“Another way to build green is to use recycled materials.(另一种绿色建筑的方法是使用回收材料)”及最后一段“Green buildings produce less of the gases that warm the planet.(绿色建筑产生的使地球变暖的气体较少)”可知，绿色建筑的好处包括使用回收材料，使用更少的能源和减少温室气体排放。所以A选项“节约用水”没有提到。故选A项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Too often, that energy comes from burning fossil fuels. So green buildings are designed to do all these things with much less energy. An energy-smart building starts with thick walls. A layer of insulation (隔热材料) traps air to stop heat from passing through. That keeps heat inside in the winter, and keeps heat outside in the summer.(通常，这些能量来自燃烧化石燃料。所以绿色建筑的设计就是要用更少的能源来做所有这些事情。节能建筑从厚墙开始。一层绝缘层可以隔绝空气，阻止热量通过。这样就能在冬天保持室内的热量，在夏天保持室外的热量)”及全文介绍绿色建筑的好处可知，本文主要介绍通过科技的方法来修建“绿色”建筑；由此推知，本文最有可能出现在杂志的科技一部分。故选D项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段“City planners like green buildings because they save money. And they are healthier for the people who work and live inside. But you don’t need to build a whole new building. Simple changes like shading windows and planting trees can make any home greener—and a better Earth home for us all.(城市规划者喜欢绿色建筑，因为它们能省钱。对于在里面工作和生活的人来说，它们更健康。但你不需要建一座全新的大楼。简单的改变，如遮阳窗户和种树，可以使任何一个家庭更环保，为我们所有人创造一个更美好的地球家园)”可知，文章介绍了如何进行绿色建筑及其对于地球环境的好处，D选项“绿色建筑：更亲切地拥抱地球”适合最为最佳标题。故选D项。 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Hop on the Silent Walking Trend Silent walking involves walking outdoors without distractions like music or conversations, focusing on the mind-body-nature connection. ____16____ That’s a slower, lower-impact way to relax and is great for fitness. Here’s everything you need to know about the trend. Select a natural setting and fully engage your senses. For reaping the mental health benefits, it is recommended to find a quiet and peaceful natural location. ____17____ Meanwhile, consciously observing the sights, sounds, smells, and physical sensations during the walk can significantly impact cognitive and emotional well-being. To stimulate the mind, consider exploring different routes than usual. Without your favourite podcast or playlist, you might slip into boredom on your walk. ____18____ And it might even be good for your brain. Scientists applaud the virtues of boredom for brain health, believing that it boosts creativity and improves social connections. And if you do get bored, rest assured that it shows you’ve disconnected from external distractions. Go with it, and make sure you take a different route each time — it’ll keep you motivated. Start off with five-minute silent walks and eventually build up to thirty minutes. If you’re usually a headphone wearer, it will feel super weird to walk without your go-to tunes, but give yourself a second to adjust. Chances are, once you’re a few minutes into your silent walk, you’ll feel the magic kick in. ____19____ Regular reflection and ongoing documentation are essential. After completing a silent walk, take time to reflect upon any emerging thoughts, feelings, or insights. ____20____ Journaling about the experience can also solidify connections between thoughts and ideas, providing a valuable tool for self-reflection and growth. A. But being bored won’t hurt you. B. Taking different paths can lead to exciting discoveries. C. Adjusting the routine gradually can help ease into the experience. D. You’ll also start noticing the little things around you more clearly. E. They can deepen understanding and serve as a record of personal growth F. Unlike exercise-oriented walking, it isn’t about reaching certain speed or steps G. In such an environment, you can immerse yourself in the natural soundscape (音景) . 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. A 19. C 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了静默行走这一趋势，探讨了如何进行静默行走，以及这种行走方式对健康的好处，特别是对促进认知和情感福祉的潜在影响。 【16题详解】 上文“Silent walking involves walking outdoors without distractions like music or conversations, focusing on the mind-body-nature connection.(静默行走包括在户外行走，不受音乐或对话等干扰，专注于身心自然的联系)”以及下文“That’s a slower, lower-impact way to relax and is great for fitness. Here’s everything you need to know about the trend.(这是一种较慢、影响较小的放松方式，非常适合健身。以下是您需要了解的有关趋势的所有信息)”说明静默行走是一种适合健身的运动方式。空处补充上文内容，并引出下文。F项中的it指代前文中的Silent walking，“reaching certain speed or steps”和下文中的“That’s a slower, lower-impact way”相呼应，说明静默行走不关注到特定的速度或步数，而是以一种较慢、影响较小的放松方式行走。所以F项“与以锻炼为导向的行走不同，它不关注达到特定的速度或步数”符合语境。故选F。 【17题详解】 上文“Select a natural setting and fully engage your senses. For reaping the mental health benefits, it is recommended to find a quiet and peaceful natural location. (选择一个自然的环境，充分利用你的感官。为了获得心理健康的好处，建议找一个安静、宁静的自然地点)”说明静默行走需要选择找一个安静、宁静的自然地点。空处与前文内容形成因果逻辑关系，G项中的“In such an environment”和前文中的“a quiet and peaceful natural location”相呼应，说明在这样安静和自然的环境下，你就可以沉浸在自然的音景中。故选G。 【18题详解】 上文“To stimulate the mind, consider exploring different routes than usual. Without your favourite podcast or playlist, you might slip into boredom on your walk. (为了刺激大脑，可以考虑探索与平时不同的路线。如果没有你最喜欢的播客或播放列表，你可能会在散步时陷入无聊)”说明如果平时喜欢博客等，在静默散步时就会感到无聊。空处和前文形成转折关系，所以提出的“无聊的积极影响”提供铺垫。A项中的But引出了与上文相对的观点，表明尽管无聊可能被视为不愉快的体验，但它并非有害，这为下文科学家对无聊的积极评价提供了逻辑上的衔接。A项“But being bored won’t hurt you.”符合语境。故选A。 【19题详解】 上文“If you’re usually a headphone wearer, it will feel super weird to walk without your go-to tunes, but give yourself a second to adjust. Chances are, once you’re a few minutes into your silent walk, you’ll feel the magic kick in.(如果你通常是一个戴耳机的人，在没有音乐的情况下走路会感觉非常奇怪，但给自己一秒钟的时间来调整。很有可能，当你安静地散步几分钟后，你会感觉到神奇的力量开始了)”说明当你调整自己去接受静默行走时，你会发现它神奇的力量。空处是对上文的承接，并呼应段落主题。空格所在的段落讨论了开始进行静默行走的建议，从五分钟开始，逐渐增加到三十分钟。C项“逐渐调整常规可以帮助轻松进入体验”符合语境，与上文提到的从短时间开始逐步增加时间相呼应，说明逐步调整可以帮助人们适应没有音乐的行走。故选C。 【20题详解】 上文“After completing a silent walk, take time to reflect upon any emerging thoughts, feelings, or insights. (在完成一次静默行走后，花时间反思任何新出现的想法、感受或见解)”说明在完成静默行走后需要做出反思。空处与前文内容形成逻辑上的解释关系，说明反思的重要性。E项中的They指代前文中的“any emerging thoughts, feelings, or insights”，说明E“它们可以加深理解并作为个人成长的记录”符合语境，与上文建议的反思活动相呼应，强调了记录这些想法、感受或领悟对于加深个人理解和记录个人成长的重要性。故选E。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） When Alexa couldn’t crawl, stand or walk as a baby, her mother sensed that something was wrong. ___21___, doctors told her not to worry — perhaps Alexa was just a “lazy baby”. After seeing a specialist, though, Alexa was diagnosed with a rare disease called spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), which affects the central nervous system and the ___22___ in the body. Throughout Alexa’s childhood and adolescence, there were no ___23___ medicines to treat SMA. Her muscles continued to weaken over time. But Alexa was outgoing and loved to exercise her ___24___ through pretend play and performing. This adventurous spirit led her to work as a child ___25___, appearing in movies, television shows and commercials. With hard work, determination and courage — not to ___26___ plenty of support from her loved ones — Alexa graduated from high school, and attended a law school. While in law school, her symptoms became especially ___27___. She noticed that it was becoming more difficult to ___28___ her hands and move her fingers. Around that same time, she ___29___ an experimental drug for SMA that was in clinical trials. She started ____30____ to learn as much as she could about this possible medicine and what it might do for her. Finally she received the first-ever approved treatment to ____31____ the progression of her disease. Now, Alexa works as an entertainment lawyer for a Hollywood production company. Although Alexa doesn’t let her SMA define her, it has certainly ____32____ who she is today: optimistic, courageous and ____33____. The limitations SMA places on her have been a (n) ____34____, but they’ve also ____35____ as a motivator, leading Alexa to get as much out of life as she can. 21. A. Initially B. Gradually C. Apparently D. Eventually 22. A. bones B. cells C. muscles D. blood 23. A. previous B. available C. sufficient D. affordable 24. A. body B. power C. language D. imagination 25. A. lawyer B. producer C. actor D. author 26. A. mention B. explain C. argue D. complain 27. A. tiresome B. worrisome C. terrific D. fantastic 28. A. lift B. wave C. swing D. shake 29. A. tried out B. talked about C. heard about D. tested out 30. A. claiming B. admiring C. researching D. fighting 31. A. cure B. speed C. stop D. slow 32. A. shaped B. affected C. remembered D. realized 33. A. considerate B. determined C. sympathetic D. generous 34. A. consequence B. threat C. object D. obstacle 35. A. operated B. indicated C. experienced D. functioned 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述是从小患有SMA疾病的Alexa通过自己的努力、决心、勇气以及家人的支持，使她中学毕业并进入法学院的故事。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，医生告诉她不要担心——也许Alexa只是一个“懒惰的孩子”。A. Initially最初；B. Gradually逐渐地；C. Apparently显然；D. Eventually最终。根据下文中的“After seeing a specialist, though, Alexa was diagnosed with a rare disease called spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)”可知，后来专家看后，发现Alexa患上了一种称为SMA的罕见疾病，结合“doctors told her not to worry — perhaps Alexa was just a “lazy baby”.”可知，医生告诉Alexa的妈妈不要担心，由此可知，此处应为“起初”符合逻辑。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在看了专家之后，Alexa被诊断出患有一种名为脊髓性肌萎缩症(SMA)的罕见疾病，这种疾病会影响中枢神经系统和身体的肌肉。A. bones骨头；B. cells细胞；C. muscles肌肉；D. blood血液。根据下文中的“After seeing a specialist, though, Alexa was diagnosed with a rare disease called spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)”可知，Alexa后来被诊断患上了一种名为脊髓性肌萎缩症，由此可知，此处指的是这种疾病影响身体的“肌肉”符合语境。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在Alexa的整个童年和青春期，没有可用的药物来治疗SMA。A. previous以前的；B. available可得到的；C. sufficient足够的；D. affordable付得起的。根据上文中的“Her muscles continued to weaken over time.”可知，她的肌肉持续萎缩，由此可推段，此处指的是她的整个童年和青春期没有“可用的”药物来治疗该疾病。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Alexa很外向，喜欢通过假装游戏和表演来锻炼她的想象力。A. body身体；B. power力量；C. language语言；D. imagination想象。根据常识以及下文中的“through pretend play and performing.”可知，Alexa喜欢假装游戏和表演，由此可知，通过假装游戏和表演可以锻炼她的“想象力”。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种冒险精神使她成为一名儿童演员，出现在电影、电视节目和广告中。A. lawyer律师；B. producer制造商；C. actor演员；D. author作者。根据上文中的“But Alexa was outgoing and loved to exercise her ___4___ through pretend play and performing.”可知，Alexa喜欢通过假装游戏和表演来锻炼她的想象力，由此可知推断，此处指的是这使她成为一名儿童“演员”符合语境。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：凭借努力、决心和勇气——更不用说她所爱的人的大力支持——Alexa从高中毕业，进入了法学院。A. mention提到；B. explain解释；C. argue争辩；D. complain抱怨。根据上文中的“With hard work, determination and courage”以及下文中的“plenty of support from her loved ones”可知，此处指的是Alexa凭借着努力、决心和勇气以及她所爱的人的大力支持，从高中毕业，所以此处应为“更不用说”符合语境，not to mention意为“更不必说”。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在法学院期间，她的症状变得特别令人担忧。A. tiresome令人厌烦的；B. worrisome令人担忧的；C. terrific极好的；D. fantastic非常棒的。根据下文中的“She noticed that it was becoming more difficult to ___8___ her hands and move her fingers.”可知，Alexa注意到自己的手指都不能动，由此可知，此处表示的是他的症状变得特别“令人担忧”符合语境。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她注意到抬起手和移动手指变得越来越困难了。A. lift抬起；B. wave挥动；C. swing摇摆；D. shake摇动。根据上文的“She noticed that it was becoming more difficult”以及“and move her fingers”可知，后来他发现自己移动手指越来越困难，此处与“移动手指”为并列关系，由此可知，此处应指的是“抬起”手，符合语境。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：大约在同一时间，她听说一种治疗SMA的实验性药物正在临床试验中。A. tried out试用，尝试；B. talked about讨论；C. heard about听说；D. tested out测试。根据下文中的“an experimental drug for SMA that was in clinical trials.”可知，一种治疗SMA的实验性药物正在临床试验中，结合语境可推断，此处应表示“听说”符合语境。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始研究，尽可能多地了解这种可能的药物，以及它可能对她有什么帮助。A. claiming宣称；B. admiring羡慕，欣赏；C. researching研究；D. fighting战斗。根据下文中的“to learn as much as she could about this possible medicine and what it might do for her.”可知，Alexa尽可能多的了解这种可能的药物，以及它可能对她有什么帮助，由此可知，此处应表示开始“研究”符合语境。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，她接受了有史以来第一次被批准的治疗，以减缓疾病的进展。A. cure治愈；B. speed加速；C. stop停止，阻止；D. slow减缓。根据上文中的“Finally she received the first-ever approved treatment”可知，最后他接受了有史以来第一次被批准的治疗，结合常识以及下文中的“the progression of her disease”可知，此处应指的是治疗的目的为“减缓”疾病的进展。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然Alexa没有让SMA定义她，但它确实塑造了今天的她:乐观、勇敢、坚定。A. shaped塑造；B. affected影响；C. remembered记住；D. realized意识到。根据下文中的“who she is today: optimistic, courageous”可知，此处都是Alexa现在的品质，由此可推断，此处应为“塑造”了今天的她。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然Alexa没有让SMA定义她，但它确实塑造了今天的她:乐观、勇敢、坚定。A. considerate体贴的；B. determined意志坚定的；C. sympathetic有同情心的；D. generous慷慨的。根据语境以及上文中的“With hard work, determination and courage…”可知，Alexa患上罕见疾病后并没有被疾病打倒，反而是通过努力、决心和勇气中学毕业并进入法学院，由此可知，此处应是“意志坚定的”符合语境。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：SMA给她设置的限制是一个障碍，但它们也起到了激励作用，使Alexa尽可能多地从生活中获得东西。A. consequence后果，结果；B. threat威胁；C. object客观事物；D. obstacle障碍。根据上文中的“The limitations SMA places on her”可知，SMA给Alexa设置了限制，也就是给他设置了一个“障碍”。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：SMA给她设置的限制是一个障碍，但它们也起到了激励作用，使Alexa尽可能多地从生活中获得东西。A. operated操作，做手术；B. indicated暗示，表明；C. experienced体验，经历；D. functioned起作用，运转。根据下文中的“leading Alexa to get as much out of life as she can.”可知，SMA给她设置的障碍使Alexa尽可能多地从生活中获得东西，由此可推断，此处指的是这些障碍也起到了激励作用，function as意为“起……作用”。故选D项。 第二节 短文填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A freight train loaded with grain from Kazakhstan arrived in Zhangjiakou on Dec 13. It came after a journey ____36____ passed through the Horgos railway port in Northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region. It was the first freight train from overseas ____37____(arrive) in Zhangjiakou since the launch of the China-Europe (Central Asia) route at the end of August, and took 10 days to travel more than 4,000 kilometers. The government said the train’s arrival signified the ____38____(office) opening of the Zhangjiakou section of the route in both directions, enabling two-way trade and establishing an important ____39____(found) for the development of Zhangjiakou ____40____ a multimodal transportation. It also marked ____41____ significant step forward in constructing a comprehensive international trade corridor in Zhangjiakou, enhancing its level of openness ____42____ expanding the logistics network around Beijing. The name of the trains, “Jingzhang”, ____43____(combine) characters representing the cities of Beijing and Zhangjiakou. The train to depart from Zhangjiakou left the freight railway station in Xiahuayuan district on Aug 29, carrying 59 containers with 1,322 tons of goods. As the train network continues to expand, more cities in Hebei, Shijiazhuang, Handan, Langfang and Zhangjiakou ____44____(include), are joining the cross-border railway transportation system. Zhangjiakou is becoming part of a comprehensive international trade corridor _____45_____(follow) the opening of the railway route to Europe and Central Asia. 【答案】36. which##that 37. to arrive 38. official 39. foundation 40. as 41. a 42. and 43. combines 44. included 45. following 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了哈萨克斯坦至张家口首趟货运列车抵达张家口的消息，标志着张家口至欧洲中亚方向铁路货运通道的双向开通，为张家口发展多式联运奠定重要基础，也标志着张家口构建全面对外开放大通道迈出重要一步。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这是经过中国西北部新疆维吾尔自治区霍尔果斯铁路港口的旅程后发生的。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词journey，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which或者that引导该从句。故填which/that。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是自8月底中欧(中亚)线路开通以来，首列抵达张家口的海外货运列车，历时10天，行驶了4000多公里。“the+序数词/序数词修饰的名词”后跟不定式作后置定语，意为“第几个做……”。故填to arrive。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：政府表示，这列火车的到来标志着该线路张家口段的双向正式开通，实现了双向贸易，为张家口作为多式联运城市的发展奠定了重要基础。提示词修饰名词opening，用形容词official作定语，意为“正式的，官方的”。故填official。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：政府表示，这列火车的到来标志着该线路张家口段的双向正式开通，实现了双向贸易，为张家口作为多式联运城市的发展奠定了重要基础。提示词作宾语，用名词foundation，意为“基础”，结合冠词an可知，用单数形式。故填foundation。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：政府表示，这列火车的到来标志着该线路张家口段的双向正式开通，实现了双向贸易，为张家口作为多式联运城市的发展奠定了重要基础。设空处无提示词，结合句意，表示“作为(多式联运城市)”，用介词as。故填as。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这也标志着在张家口建设综合国际贸易走廊，提高其开放水平，扩大环京物流网络迈出了重要一步。可数名词step在句中表示“(重要的)一步”，泛指，空格后单词significant发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：这也标志着在张家口建设综合国际贸易走廊，提高其开放水平，扩大环京物流网络迈出了重要一步。根据句意，“enhancing its level of openness”和“expanding the logistics network around Beijing”是并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：列车的名字“京张”结合了代表北京和张家口两个城市的汉字。分析句子可知，combine(结合)是句中谓语动词，与主语The name之间是主动关系，描述客观事实，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的主动语态，单数形式。故填combines。 【44题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：随着铁路网络的不断扩大，包括石家庄、邯郸、廊坊和张家口在内的更多河北城市正在加入跨境铁路运输系统。提示词修饰“Shijiazhuang, Handan, Langfang and Zhangjiakou”与include为被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填included。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：在通往欧洲和中亚的铁路线路开通之后，张家口正在成为一个综合性国际贸易走廊的一部分。根据句意，“(follow) the opening of the railway route to Europe and Central Asia”作状语，用介词following构成介词短语，其意为“在……之后，紧接着”。故填following。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是学生会主席李华。请为校英文报写一则招新启事, 欢迎同学们加入到学校英语社团，启事内容包括： 1. 介绍社团的活动； 2.参加社团的好处； 3.加入社团的方式. 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 Welcome to Our English Club March 28, 2024 Welcome to our English club! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ English Club 【答案】Welcome to Our English Club March 28, 2024 Welcome to our English Club! It could serve as a platform to show your outstanding abilities and help you develop a range of great skills. You can participate in a variety of activities including staging musical dramas, holding group discussions, watching Oscar-winning movies, and so on. These after-class activities could offer you abundant opportunities. First, your active participation is helpful in strengthening the sense of responsibility and managing interpersonal relations. Second, various activities organized by us could raise your level of proficiency in English. A good command of English will undoubtedly give you a competitive advantage over your peers. You can file a written application to our staff office or email us via englishclub@163.com. The deadline for entries is April 9. Come on, and join us now! English Club 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为校英文报写一则招新启事, 欢迎同学们加入到学校英语社团。 【详解】1.词汇积累 杰出的：outstanding→remarkable/distinguished 参加：participate in→ take part in 提供：offer→provide 首先：first→ first of all 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：You can participate in a variety of activities including staging musical dramas, holding group discussions, watching Oscar-winning movies, and so on.  拓展句：You can participate in a variety of activities which include staging musical dramas, holding group discussions, watching Oscar-winning movies, and so on. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Second, various activities organized by us could raise your level of proficiency in English.（运用了过去分词作后置定语） 【高分句型2】A good command of English will undoubtedly give you a competitive advantage over your peers.（运用了一般将来时的结构） 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The easy way out isn't always easiest. I learned that lesson when I decided to treat my father to a special meal. I glanced through the cookbook and chose a menu which included homemade bread. Knowing the bread would take time, I started on it as soon as he left for work. As I was not experienced in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, two dozen would be better, so I doubled everything. As Dad loved oranges, I also opened a can of orange and poured it all into the bowl. Soon there was sticky dough (面团) covered with ugly yellowish marks. Realizing I had been defeated, I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn't have to face him laughing at my work. I went on preparing the rest of the meal, and, when Dad got home, we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice. He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed disturbed. Twice he got up and went outside, saying he thought he heard a noise. The third time he left, I went to the windows to see what he was doing. Looking out, I saw Dad standing about three feet from the rubbish bin, holding the lid up with a stick and looking into the container. When I came out of the house, he dropped the stick and explained that there was something alive in the rubbish bin. Picking up the stick again, he held the lid up enough for me to see. I felt cold. But I stepped closer and looked harder. Without doubt it was my work. The hot sun had caused the dough to double in size and the. fermenting yeast (酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing. I had to admit what the "living thing" was and why it was there. I don't know who was more embarrassed by the whole thing, Dad or me. 注意： 1. 续写词数应150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My dad tapped me gently on the shoulder, and we went inside. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At a party three months later, everyone wanted to try my bread. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: My dad tapped me gently on the shoulder, and we went inside. Sitting back to our Cornish chicken, Dad, smilingly, updated me on recent events at his work without a mere mention of the crazy dough wildly dancing outside, which served wonderfully as a gentle embarrassment reliever. However, while doing the dishes after dinner, Dad said to me with firmness in his voice, "You don't have to be an expert to make bread, but you do have to do your research before taking actions. There is no such thing as an easy way out." And that was the starting point of my journey with making the perfect bread. At a party three months later, everyone wanted to try my bread. The rest of the night slipped away, filled with inquiries about my secret recipe. Yet, hardly was there a different answer other than, "Beauty comes from balance and patience." To be frank, that was exactly what I'd learnt during my numerous experiments. An amazing loaf of bread required suitable balance of ingredients to mix as well as enormous patience of waiting for the dough to rise. Countless were my failures to make tasty bread, every single moment of it was cherished. Along the journey, I've developed from the man whose dough sighs in a dustbin to the man whose bread makes your taste but dance. 【解析】 【分析】本文以时间为顺序，以第一人称“我”的叙事角度，讲述了我想要为父亲制作特殊的一餐——自制面包。但由于缺乏提前准备和经验耐心，计划宣告失败，我把酵母面团丢进了垃圾桶，以免父亲知道后笑话我。谁知道酵母面团在阳光下持续发酵，表面震动和“呼吸”的模样像极了垃圾桶里有活物，以至于父亲在吃饭时一直惴惴不安，三番五次想要探寻究竟，最终我让真相大白后，场面有些尴尬。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“爸爸轻轻地拍了拍我的肩膀，我们走了进去。”可知，第一段可讲述爸爸缓解尴尬，鼓励或者教导我的经过。 ②由第二段首句内容“三个月后的一次聚会上，每个人都想尝尝我的面包。”可知，第二段可描写我成功的过程或喜悦，讲述这一探索过程的感悟和经验。 2.续写线索：轻拍肩膀——缓解尴尬——教导鼓励——制作成功——快乐喜悦——经验感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①教导我：say to me/guide me/educate me/instruct me ②（时光）流逝：slip away/roll around/go by/pass/elapse ③充满，装满：be filled with/be full of 情绪类 ①惊讶：amazed/surprised/shocked ②尴尬：awkward/with embarrassment/with discomfiture 【点睛】[高分句型1] Sitting back to our Cornish chicken, Dad, smilingly, updated me on recent events at his work without a mere mention of the crazy dough wildly dancing outside, which served wonderfully as a gentle embarrassment reliever.（综合运用句首现在分词作状语，句中副词作状语，句末非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] Yet, hardly was there a different answer other than, "Beauty comes from balance and patience."（运用了倒装句型） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$