Unit 1 Life Choices Reading Club 1 课文讲解及句子成分分析讲义 -2024-2025学年高中英语北师大版（2019）必修第一册

Unit 1 Reading club 1 课文讲解及句子成分分析 一 .课文及翻译 ： Afternoon tea 下午茶 People believe that an English Duchess first introduced the idea of afternoon tea . 人们认为是一位英国公爵夫人首次提出了下午茶的概念。 Her name was Anna Russell (1783-1857), and she was the 7th Duchess of Bedford . 她名叫安娜·罗素（1783-1857），是贝德福德第七任公爵夫人。 In the 18th and 19th centuries , most English people ate only two main meals each day - breakfast in the morning and a large supper which wasn ' t usually served until seven o ' clock in the evening . 在18世纪和19世纪，大多数英国人每天只吃两顿主餐——早餐在早上，而一顿丰盛的晚餐则通常要到晚上七点钟才供应。 As a result , people often got very hungry during the long break between these two meals . 因此，在这两餐之间的长时间间隔里，人们经常会感到非常饥饿。 The Duchess came up with2 a clever idea to solve this problem . 公爵夫人想出了一个聪明的办法来解决这个问题。 She invited some of her friends to join her for an afternoon meal . 她邀请了一些朋友加入她的下午茶会。 The meal was held between four and five o ' clock . 茶会安排在四点到五点之间。 It included cakes and sandwiches , and tea was served to wash down the food . 茶会上有蛋糕和三明治，还有茶来佐餐。 To make the afternoon meal more important , she used cups and plates made of fine china , and teapots , knives , forks and spoons made of silver . 为了让下午茶会更加重要，她使用了精致的瓷器杯盘，以及银制的茶壶、刀叉和勺子。 Afternoon tea parties soon became popular social occasions , which is a trend that continues today . 下午茶会很快成为了流行的社交场合，这一趋势一直延续到今天。 They still play an important part in the social life in modern Britain . 它们在现代英国的社会生活中仍然扮演着重要的角色。 Yum Cha 饮茶 Going for yum cha or dim sum is a practice that has become increasingly popular in the western world - but what does it mean ? 饮茶或吃点心在西方国家越来越受欢迎——但这到底是什么意思呢？ Yum cha literally translates to " drink tea ", and it is the practice of going to a restaurant to eat dim sum - bite - sized portions of food , usually steamed or fried . 饮茶字面意思是“喝茶”，是指去餐馆吃点心——通常是蒸的或炸的小份食物。 People in southern China go to yum cha with family and friends - it is a time to relax and catch up in a laid - back environment . 中国南方的人们会和家人朋友一起去饮茶——这是一个在轻松的环境中放松和叙旧的好时机。 The most popular time to go for yum cha is late morning - or what is known in the West as brunch ". 最受欢迎的饮茶时间是上午晚些时候——在西方被称为“早午餐”。 In fact , some say that brunch was inspired by yum cha . 事实上，有人说早午餐是受饮茶启发的。 It is believed that the custom began thousands of years ago when teahouses started cropping up along the Silk Road to provide rest for weary travellers . 据信，这种习俗始于数千年前，当时茶馆开始沿着丝绸之路涌现，为疲惫的旅人提供休息之所。 Later , it was discovered that tea aids digestion , so teahouse owners started offering snacks with their tea and yum cha was born . 后来，人们发现茶有助于消化，于是茶馆老板开始提供茶点，饮茶就应运而生了。 二 .课文句子成分分析及知识点 ： 1. People believe that an English Duchess first introduced the idea of afternoon tea. 句子成分分析: 主语: People 谓语: believe 宾语从句: that an English Duchess first introduced the idea of afternoon tea 主语: an English Duchess 谓语: introduced 宾语: the idea of afternoon tea 状语: first 知识点: 宾语从句: 由that引导，解释believe的内容。 引入（introduce）的用法，表示“首次提出或引入某事物”。 短语及拓展: the idea of: 表示“……的想法/概念”，可以拓展为the importance of, the history of等。 afternoon tea: 下午茶，一种文化习俗，常在下午四点左右享用茶点。 2. Her name was Anna Russell (1783-1857), and she was the 7th Duchess of Bedford. 句子成分分析: 并列句，由并列连词and连接两个简单句。 第一个简单句: Her name was Anna Russell (1783-1857) 主语: Her name 谓语: was 表语: Anna Russell (1783-1857) 第二个简单句: she was the 7th Duchess of Bedford 主语: she 谓语: was 表语: the 7th Duchess of Bedford 知识点: 并列句: 使用and连接两个或多个简单句，表达多个相关的意思。 表语: 用于说明主语的身份、特征或状态。 短语及拓展: the 7th Duchess of Bedford: 第七任贝德福德公爵夫人，注意序数词前要加定冠词the。 (1783-1857): 表示时间范围，常用于说明人物的生卒年份。 3. In the 18th and 19th centuries, most English people ate only two main meals each day - breakfast in the morning and a large supper which wasn't usually served until seven o'clock in the evening. 句子成分分析: 时间状语: In the 18th and 19th centuries 主句: most English people ate only two main meals each day 主语: most English people 谓语: ate 宾语: two main meals 状语: only, each day 插入语: - breakfast in the morning and a large supper which wasn't usually served until seven o'clock in the evening 并列宾语: breakfast in the morning, a large supper 定语从句: which wasn't usually served until seven o'clock in the evening，修饰a large supper 知识点: 插入语: 用于对句子进行补充说明，通常与主句用破折号或逗号隔开。 定语从句: 由which引导，修饰先行词a large supper，说明晚餐的通常服务时间。 短语及拓展: in the morning: 早上，表示时间，可拓展为in the afternoon, in the evening等。 until seven o'clock in the evening: 直到晚上七点，表示时间持续到某个点。 4. As a result, people often got very hungry during the long break between these two meals. 句子成分分析: 状语: As a result 主句: people often got very hungry 主语: people 谓语: got 表语: very hungry 时间状语: during the long break between these two meals 知识点: As a result: 因此，表示结果或结论。 get + 形容词: 表示变得某种状态，此处为“变得非常饿”。 短语及拓展: between...and...: 表示两者之间的范围或关系，可拓展为between you and me, between the two countries等。 during the long break: 在长时间的间隔中，表示在某个时间段内。 5. The Duchess came up with a clever idea to solve this problem. 句子成分分析： 主语：The Duchess 谓语：came up with 宾语：a clever idea 目的状语：to solve this problem 知识点： "come up with" 意为“提出，想出”。 不定式短语 "to solve this problem" 作为目的状语，说明提出想法的目的。 短语及拓展： clever idea：聪明的想法 solve the problem：解决问题 come up with sth.：想出某事 6. She invited some of her friends to join her for an afternoon meal. 句子成分分析： 主语：She 谓语：invited 宾语：some of her friends 宾语补足语：to join her for an afternoon meal 知识点： "invite sb. to do sth." 意为“邀请某人做某事”。 "join sb. for sth." 意为“和某人一起做某事”。 短语及拓展： some of her friends：她的一些朋友 join sb. for sth.：和某人一起做某事 invite sb. to do sth.：邀请某人做某事 7. The meal was held between four and five o'clock. 句子成分分析： 主语：The meal 谓语：was held 时间状语：between four and five o'clock 知识点： 被动语态 "was held" 表示“被举行”。 "between...and..." 表示“在……和……之间”。 短语及拓展： between...and...：在……和……之间 hold a meal：举行一顿饭 8. It included cakes and sandwiches, and tea was served to wash down the food. 句子成分分析（分为两个并列句）： 第一句：It（形式主语）included cakes and sandwiches 第二句：tea（主语）was served（谓语），to wash down the food（目的状语） 知识点： "include sth." 意为“包括某事”。 "serve sth. to sb." 意为“为某人提供某物”。 "wash down sth." 意为“用液体冲洗或伴随某物吃下”。 短语及拓展： include sth.：包括某事 serve sth. to sb.：为某人提供某物 wash down sth.：用液体冲洗或伴随某物吃下 9. To make the afternoon meal more important, she used cups and plates made of fine china, and teapots, knives, forks and spoons made of silver. 句子成分分析： 目的状语：To make the afternoon meal more important 主语：she 谓语：used 宾语：cups and plates made of fine china, and teapots, knives, forks and spoons made of silver 知识点： 不定式短语 "To make..." 作为目的状语。 "be made of" 意为“由……制成”。 短语及拓展： make sth. more important：使某事更重要 be made of sth.：由某物制成 fine china：精美的瓷器 silverware：银器（包括茶壶、刀、叉、勺等） 10. Afternoon tea parties soon became popular social occasions, which is a trend that continues today. 句子成分分析： 主句：Afternoon tea parties（主语）soon became（谓语）popular social occasions（宾语） 非限制性定语从句：which is a trend that continues today 知识点： "become popular" 意为“变得流行”。 "which is..." 为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 "Afternoon tea parties"。 "that continues today" 为定语从句，修饰 "a trend"。 短语及拓展： popular social occasions：流行的社交场合 a trend that continues：持续的趋势 11. They still play an important part in the social life in modern Britain. 句子成分分析： 主语：They（指代Afternoon tea parties） 谓语：play 宾语：an important part 地点状语：in the social life 时间状语：in modern Britain 知识点： "play an important part in sth." 意为“在……中扮演重要角色”。 短语及拓展： play an important part in sth.：在……中扮演重要角色 social life：社交生活 modern Britain：现代英国 12. Going for yum cha or dim sum is a practice that has become increasingly popular in the western world - but what does it mean ? 句子成分分析: 主语: Going for yum cha or dim sum 谓语: is 表语: a practice 定语从句: that has become increasingly popular in the western world 疑问句: but what does it mean? 知识点: "Going for yum cha or dim sum" 是动名词短语作主语。 "that has become increasingly popular in the western world" 是定语从句，修饰先行词 "a practice"，使用关系代词 "that"。 "increasingly popular" 中 "increasingly" 是副词，修饰形容词 "popular"。 "but what does it mean?" 是由并列连词 "but" 连接的疑问句，询问 "yum cha" 或 "dim sum" 的意义。 短语拓展: "increasingly popular" -> 越来越受欢迎 "in the western world" -> 在西方世界 "yum cha" -> 点心时间（饮茶），特指在中国南方地区的一种社交活动，边喝茶边吃小点。 13. Yum cha literally translates to " drink tea ", and it is the practice of going to a restaurant to eat dim sum - bite - sized portions of food , usually steamed or fried . 句子成分分析: 主句1: Yum cha literally translates to "drink tea" 主语: Yum cha 谓语: translates 状语: literally 宾语: "drink tea" 并列句2: and it is the practice of going to a restaurant to eat dim sum - bite - sized portions of food 主语: it 谓语: is 表语: the practice of going to a restaurant to eat... 宾语补足语: dim sum - bite - sized portions of food 状语: usually steamed or fried 知识点: "literally" 是副词，表示 "字面上地"。 "translate to" 表示 "翻译为"。 "the practice of" 表示 "……的惯例/实践"。 "dim sum - bite - sized portions of food" 中 "dim sum" 是名词，表示 "点心"；"bite - sized" 是形容词短语，表示 "一口大小的"；"portions of food" 表示 "食物的分量"。 "usually steamed or fried" 是状语短语，修饰 "portions of food"，说明这些点心的烹饪方式。 短语拓展: "literally translate to" -> 字面翻译为 "the practice of" -> ……的实践/惯例 "dim sum" -> 点心 "bite - sized" -> 一口大小的 "steamed or fried" -> 蒸的或炸的 14. People in southern China go to yum cha with family and friends - it is a time to relax and catch up in a laid - back environment . 句子成分分析: 主句: People in southern China go to yum cha with family and friends 主语: People in southern China 谓语: go 宾语: to yum cha 状语: with family and friends 并列句: it is a time to relax and catch up in a laid - back environment 主语: it 谓语: is 表语: a time 不定式短语作定语: to relax and catch up 状语: in a laid - back environment 知识点: "in southern China" 是介词短语作定语，修饰 "People"。 "with family and friends" 是介词短语作状语，表示 "和家人朋友一起"。 "it is a time to do sth." 是固定句型，表示 "是……的时候"。 "laid - back" 是形容词短语，表示 "悠闲的，放松的"。 短语拓展: "go to yum cha" -> 去饮茶（点心时间） "with family and friends" -> 和家人朋友一起 "a time to relax and catch up" -> 放松和叙旧的时候 "laid - back environment" -> 悠闲的环境 15. The most popular time to go for yum cha is late morning - or what is known in the West as brunch ". 句子成分分析: 主语: The most popular time to go for yum cha 谓语: is 表语: late morning - or what is known in the West as brunch 并列短语: late morning 名词性从句: what is known in the West as brunch 主语: what 谓语: is known 状语: in the West 宾语补足语: as brunch 知识点: "The most popular time to do sth." 是固定句型，表示 "做某事最受欢迎的时间"。 "what is known as..." 是名词性从句，其中 "what" 是引导词，也是从句的主语。 "in the West" 是介词短语作状语，表示 "在西方"。 短语拓展: "the most popular time" -> 最受欢迎的时间 "late morning" -> 上午晚些时候 "what is known as..." -> 被称作……的 "in the West" -> 在西方 "brunch" -> 早午餐（早餐和午餐合并的一餐） 16. In fact , some say that brunch was inspired by yum cha . 句子成分分析: 状语: In fact 主句: some say 主语: some 谓语: say 宾语从句: that brunch was inspired by yum cha 主语: brunch 谓语: was inspired 状语: by yum cha 知识点: "In fact" 是副词短语，表示 "事实上"。 "some say" 是主句，表示 "有人说"。 "that brunch was inspired by yum cha" 是宾语从句，由 "that" 引导，说明 "some" 的观点。 "be inspired by" 是固定短语，表示 "受……启发"。 短语拓展: "In fact" -> 事实上 "some say" -> 有人说 "was inspired by" -> 受……启发 "yum cha" -> 饮茶（点心时间） 17. It is believed that the custom began thousands of years ago when teahouses started cropping up along the Silk Road to provide rest for weary travellers . 句子成分分析: 主句: It is believed 形式主语: It 谓语: is believed 真正主语: that the custom began... 宾语从句: that the custom began thousands of years ago when... 主语: the custom 谓语: began 时间状语: thousands of years ago 定语从句: when teahouses started cropping up... 主语: teahouses 谓语: started cropping up 状语: along the Silk Road 目的状语: to provide rest for weary travellers 知识点: "It is believed that..." 是固定句型，表示 "据信……"。 "thousands of years ago" 是时间状语短语，表示 "数千年前"。 "when" 引导定语从句，修饰 "thousands of years ago"，说明时间背景。 "crop up" 是动词短语，表示 "突然出现"。 "along the Silk Road" 是介词短语作状语，表示 "沿着丝绸之路"。 "to provide rest for weary travellers" 是不定式短语作目的状语，说明 "teahouses" 出现的目的。 短语拓展: "It is believed that..." -> 据信…… "thousands of years ago" -> 数千年前 "crop up" -> 突然出现 "along the Silk Road" -> 沿着丝绸之路 "weary travellers" -> 疲惫的旅行者 "provide rest for" -> 为……提供休息 18. Later , it was discovered that tea aids digestion , so teahouse owners started offering snacks with their tea and yum cha was born . 首先，分析句子结构： 这是一个并列句，由并列连词so连接两个分句。 再来逐句分析： 分句1：Later, it was discovered that tea aids digestion 主语：it（形式主语），真正的主语是that引导的从句tea aids digestion。 谓语：was discovered（被动语态，表示“被发现”）。 时间状语：Later，表示“后来”。 宾语从句：that tea aids digestion，说明“茶有助于消化”是被发现的内容。 从句中的主语：tea。 从句中的谓语：aids（表示“有助于”）。 从句中的宾语：digestion（表示“消化”）。 知识点： 形式主语it的用法，用于代替后面的从句，使句子结构更加平衡。 被动语态was discovered的使用，表示“被发现”的动作。 宾语从句that tea aids digestion，作为动词discovered的宾语，进一步解释了发现的内容。 短语及拓展： Later on：表示“后来，随后”。 be discovered to do sth.：表示“被发现做某事”。 aid digestion：帮助消化，类似短语还有“facilitate digestion”、“assist digestion”等。 分句2：so teahouse owners started offering snacks with their tea and yum cha was born 并列连词：so，表示因果关系，连接前后两个分句。 第一个分句：teahouse owners started offering snacks with their tea 主语：teahouse owners（茶馆老板）。 谓语：started offering（开始提供）。 宾语：snacks（小吃）。 状语：with their tea（用他们的茶），表示伴随的方式。 第二个分句：yum cha was born 主语：yum cha（点心茶）。 谓语：was born（产生，诞生）。 知识点： 并列句的使用，通过so连接两个有因果关系的分句。 start doing sth.的用法，表示“开始做某事”。 with的用法，作为介词，表示“伴随”或“用”。 be born的用法，表示“产生，诞生”。 短语及拓展： teahouse owners：茶馆老板，类似短语“cafe owners”（咖啡馆老板）、“restaurant owners”（餐馆老板）等。 offer sth. with sth.：提供某物伴随某物，类似结构有“serve sth. with sth.”（用某物配某物）。 yum cha：点心茶，是广东话中的词汇，指边喝茶边吃小吃的活动。类似的活动还有“afternoon tea”（下午茶）、“high tea”（丰盛的下午茶）等。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$