Unit 3 Fascinating Parks Learning About Language 语法 课件- 2023-2024学年人教版高中英语选择性必修第一册

Unit 3 Fascinating Parks Learning About Language (2): Discover useful structures 年 级：高二 学 科：英语（人教版） Hello everyone! Welcome to my class. 页面统一为16:9宽幅画面比例尺寸；PPT统一格式为PPT或PPTX。 中文： 1. 课名：微软雅黑48号字； 2.（第一课时）：微软雅黑32号字； 3.学校名称：请填写全称； 4.学科、年级、主讲人、学校：华文楷体28号字（具体根据文字量可适当调整）。 英文 1.课名：字体以Times New Roman为主，字号一般使用32—36号，特别强调可以用40号； 2.（Period 1）：字体使用Arial，字号为28； 3.正文一般用24—28号，特别强调可用32号。 注意标点的规范（例如：中文省略号为……，可用Shift+数字键6打出中文省略号，英文省略号为…） 1 In this class, you will 1. identify and understand the meaning and functions of the -ing form as the subject; 2. conclude the usage of the -ing form as the subject; 3. introduce a park by using the -ing form as the subject. Learning Objectives In this class, you will identify and understand the meaning and functions of the -ing form as the subject; conclude the usage of the -ing form as the subject; and introduce a park by using it. Are you ready? Let’s go! 2 Zhangye National Geopark Zhangjiajie National Forest Park Xixi National Wetland Park Sanjiangyuan National Park First of all, let’s enjoy some photos. What are they about? Yes, the fascinating parks in China. Now, let’s take a look at Zhangye National Geopark. 3 Video time 1. What is surely a rare experience in the park? 2. What are also possible in the park? Please enjoy the video about Zhangye National Geopark and answer the following two questions. 4 5 Video time 1. What is surely a rare experience in the park? 2. What are also possible in the park? Visiting the colourful mountains is surely a rare experience. Wandering around the park, enjoying sunrise and taking photos are also possible here. It’s really a fascinating park, isn’t it? Now let’s answer question 1: What is surely a rare experience in the park? Yes, visiting the colourful mountains is surely a rare experience. Let’s move onto question 2: What are also possible in the park? Very good, wandering around the park, enjoying sunrise and taking photos are also possible here. 6 Visiting the colourful mountains is surely a rare experience. Wandering around the park, enjoying sunrise and taking photos are also possible here. subject (主语) subject (主语) Observe & Think: What’s the function of the -ing form? Now, please observe these two sentences. What do they have in common?Yes, both have the -ing form. What is the function of the -ing form? Look at the first sentence. Pay attention to the verb ‘is’. What is usually put before the verb ‘be’? That’s right, subject is usually put before verbs. So here, visiting is the ... subject. Similarly, in the second sentence, ‘wandering’, ‘enjoying’, ‘taking’, they are put before the verb ‘are’, so they are also used as the ... subject. So today, we’re going to learn more about the -ing form as the subject. The first thing you may wonder is why? Why do we use the -ing form as the subject? 7 Visiting the colourful mountains is surely a rare experience. Wandering around the park, enjoying sunrise and taking photos are also possible here. Observe & Think: Why do we use the -ing form as the subject? To describe the specific activities or something we usually do Look at these sentences again. Visiting the colourful mountains, wandering around the park, enjoying sunrise, taking photos... What are they about? Yes, they are all about the specific activities that we usually do in Zhangye National Geopark. So the -ing form as the subject can be used to describe the specific activities or something we usually do. 8 Visiting the colourful mountains is surely a rare experience. We can visit the colourful mountains. It’s surely a rare experience. To make the sentences more concise To emphasize the activities Compare & Think: Why do we use the -ing form as the subject? Is there any other reason for using the -ing form as the subject? Let’s compare the two sentences. Which is better? The first one is better, right? Why? Yah, because the first sentence is shorter and more concise. So we can also use the -ing form as the subject to make the sentences more concise. What’s more, the first sentence put the activity first, which means the activity is the sentence focus, while in the second sentence, the activity is put in the end, which means it is not the focus. So, the -ing form as the subject can also be used to emphasize the activities or actions. 9 Welcome to Zhangye National Geopark (张掖丹霞地质公园) in Gansu Province! Taking a trip here is a highlight of any trip to China. The park is famous for the natural beauty of its rocks. Forming of the rocks took many millions of years and involved many kinds of erosion (侵蚀) such as wind and water on the red sandstone. The rocks are so unique that it is worth keeping them in their natural state. You can do a lot of things in the park. Visiting the colourful mountains is surely a rare experience. Wandering around the park, enjoying sunrise and taking photos are also possible here. All in all, it is fascinating to enjoy the colourful scenery in Zhangye National Geopark. Being in such a beautiful place makes you feel blessed to be alive. Not coming here would be a great regret in your life. Find out all the sentences with the -ing form as the subject. Up to now, we have known why we use the -ing form as the subject. But how can we make sentences with the -ing form as the subject? Now please go back to the transcript of the video about ZHangye National Geopark, and find out all the sentences with the -ing form as the subject. Here are the sentences with the -ing form as the subject. 10 Observe & Discover Taking a trip here is a highlight of any trip to China. Visiting the colourful mountains is surely a rare experience. Being in such a beautiful place makes you feel blessed to be alive. Not coming here would be a great regret in your life. Structure : V-ing be / V ... + + (not) Now observe the sentences we have found and try to figure out the structure of them. What is put at the beginning of these sentences? Yes, taking, visiting, being. The -ing form is put in the beginning. After the ing form, we can see is, is, makes, what are these? Yes, the main verbs, including be verb or other verbs. And after that, we usually add other elements, such as a highlight of any trip to China in this sentence. What about negative sentences? Look at this one. Not coming here would be a great regret in your life. Yah, we simply add the word “not” before the ing form. So this is the structure of sentences with the -ing form as the subject. 11 Observe & Discover Taking a trip here is a highlight of any trip to China. Visiting the colourful mountains is surely a rare experience. Being in such a beautiful place makes you feel blessed to be alive. Wandering around the park, enjoying sunrise and taking photos are also possible here. Summary 1：V-ing作主语，表示具体的行为或习惯， 谓语动词用单数。但多个 V-ing作主语描述多个行为时，谓语动词用复数。 Now let’s take a closer look at the main verb. What is the main verb in each sentence? is, is, makes. What do they have in common? Yah, all of them are in the singular form. But look at this sentence, is the main verb in the singular form again? No, “are” is the plural form. Can you work out summary one according to these examples? 动词ing形式作主语，表示具体的行为或习惯，谓语动词一般用单数。但多个动词ing作主语描述多个行为时，谓语动词用复数。 For example, in the last sentence, wandering around the park, enjoying sunrise, taking photos. There are three activities in total, so we use the plural form, are. 12 ... it is worth keeping them in their natural state. It is pleasant enjoying the natural beauty in Zhangye National Geopark. It is a waste of time playing computer games all the time. It is useless/no use crying over split milk. Summary 2：用it作形式主语指代V-ing的常用句型 做某事是值得的： 做某事是愉快的： 做某事是浪费时间的： 做某事是没用的： 形式主语 It is useless/no use doing ... It is a waste of time doing ... It is pleasant doing ... It is worth/worthwile doing ... Observe & Discover Here is another sentence from the video. it is worth keeping them in their natural state. What does it refer to? Yes, it refers to keeping them in their natural state. So here, it is the empty subject, 形式主语，while the -ing form is the real subject. Actually, in some sentences, we use the empty it as the subject to refer to the -ing form. Please read the four sentences here and figure out these commonly used patterns. 做某事是值得的。it is worth or worthwhile doing ... 做某事是愉快的: It is pleasant doing ... 做某事是浪费时间的：It is a waste of time doing ... 做某事是没用的：It is useless or no use doing ... 13 It is fascinating to enjoy the colourful scenery in Zhangye National Geopark. To enjoy the colourful scenery in Zhangye National Geopark 形式主语 is fascinating. Enjoying the colourful scenery in Zhangye National Geopark is fascinating. more natural, more commonly used to do VS doing Here is one more sentence from the video with the empty it as the subject . Can you tell me what is the real subject in this sentence? Yes, to enjoy the colourful scenery in Zhangye National Geopark. We can put the real subject first, like this: To enjoy the colourful scenery in Zhangye National Geopark is fascinating. Or we can say: Enjoying the colourful scenery in Zhangye National Geopark is fascinating. As you can see, to-infinitive phrases and ing forms are often interchangeable. But the ing form as the subject is more natural and common. 14 to do VS doing Travelling is my hobby. To travel is my hobby. Going on a hiking tour in Sarek tomorrow is unwise due to the extreme cold. To go on a hiking tour in Sarek tomorrow is unwise due to the extreme cold. Used as the subject: √ doing √ to do × do × done doing作主语表示经常性、习惯性的行为或已知的经验； to do作主语表示某次具体且未完成的行为。 However, there are slight differences between the ing form and to-infinitive as the subject. 动词ing作主语表示经常性、习惯性的行为或已知的经验，而to do作主语则表示某次具体且未完成的行为。 For example, it would be better to say: Travelling is my hobby rather than to travel is my hobby, because travelling is something I usually do. But it would be better to say to go on a hiking tour in Sarek tomorrow is unwise due to the extreme cold, rather than going, because to go on a hiking tour is something that hasn’t been done yet. Here is one more thing to remember, we can use the ing form and to-infinitive as the subject, but the base form or the past participle cannot be used as the subject. 15 2. It is wonderful to see pandas in Giant Panda National Park. Seeing pandas in Giant Panda National Park is wonderful. Practice: Rewrite the sentences using the -ing form as the subject 1. It is incredible to see branches of river flow through the valley in Sanjiangyuan National Park. Seeing branches of river flow through the valley in Sanjiangyuan National Park is incredible. Here are two more sentences starting with the empty subject “it”. Could you please rewrite them using the ing form as the subject? The first one, what does it refer to? Yes, it refers to see branches of river flow through the valley in Sanjiangyuan National Park. So the answer is: Seeing branches of river flow through the valley in Sanjiangyuan National Park is incredible. What about the second one? Yes, Seeing pandas climbing trees in Giant Panda National Park is wonderful. 16 Summary 3：it作形式主语时，句子侧重于表语部分，强调行为__________________________。V-ing作主语时，句子侧重于主语部分，强调行为__________________________。 A. 特征、状态或给人的感受 B. 本身的具体内容 1. It is fascinating to enjoy the colourful scenery in Zhangye National Geopark. 2. It is incredible to see branches of river flow through the valley in Sanjiangyuan National Park. 1. Enjoying the colourful scenery in Zhangye National Geopark is fascinating. 2. Seeing branches of river flow through the valley in Sanjiangyuan National Park is incredible. it作形式主语 V-ing作主语 Compare & Discover Here are the two groups of sentences we talked about just now. The ones on the left use it as the empty subject. The ones on the right use the ing form as the subject. What’s the difference? How does the sentence focus change? Let’s take the first sentence as an example. It is fascinating to enjoy the colourful scenery in Zhangye National Geopark. What is the focus? Fascinating or enjoy the colourful scenery? Yes, fascinating is the focus. What about the one on the right? Yes, enjoying the colourful scenery is the focus. Similarly, the second sentence on the left emphasizes incredible while the right one emphasizes seeing branches of river flow through the valley. So now, can you work out summary 2? Good. it作形式主语时，句子侧重于表语部分，强调行为特征、状态或给人的感受。For example, fascinating and incredible are about the park’s feature or people’s feeling. However, the yellow parts on the right are all about the specific activities or actions. 所以动词ing形式作主语时，句子侧重于主语部分，强调行为本身的具体内容。 17 Practice: Complete the introduction to Xixi National Wetland Park Travelling to Xixi National Wetland Park ________ (allow) you to enjoy natural beauty. ________ (take) a boat tour, ________ (walk) along paths, and ____________ (experience) local customs and traditions of the villages in this park _____ (be) at the top of the list of people’s favourite activities. In order to preserve the park, ___________ (不允许) people to pour waste water within park boundaries was considered by the park designers. Taking walking are allows experiencing not allowing So far we have learned a lot about the -ing form as the subject. Now, let’s practice using it. Please use the words in brackets to complete the introduction to another fascinating park in China, Xixi National Wetland Park. You can stop the video to think about it. Now, let’s check the answers. Travelling to Xixi National Wetland Park allows you to enjoy natural beauty. Why do you use ‘allows’ here? Yes, ‘travelling to Xixi National Wetland Park’ is the subject. When the -ing form is used as the subject, the main verb should be in the singular form. Go on. Taking a boat tour, walking along paths and experiencing local customs and traditions of the villages in this park are at the top of the list of people’s favourite activities. Why do you use “are” here? That’s right. “Taking”, “walking”, “experiencing”, three activities here, so we use the plural form of the be verb, are. In order to preserve the park, not allowing people to pour waste water within park boundaries was considered by the park designers. In a negative sentence, we simply put the word ‘not’ before the -ing form. Do you still remember? 18 Practice: Complete the introduction to Zhangjiajie _______ (be) one of the ten fascinating forests in the world _______ (make) Zhangjiajie National Forest Park a popular destination for visitors from all over the world. It is pleasant _______ (take) a trip here. ____________________________ __________________(enjoy the splendid landscape, take a raft ride) top the list of tourists’ favourite activities. It is also worth _______________________ (experience the local customs) of the Tujia people and the Miao people. Finally, ____________________ (雇一位当地的导游) may be helpful for the trip here. Being taking makes Enjoying the splendid landscape and taking a raft ride experiencing the local customs hiring a local tour guide Now let’s take a look at Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. Please complete the introduction to this park. Being one of the ten fascinating forests in the world makes Zhangjiajie National Forest Park a popular destination for visitors from all over the world. Why do you use makes? Again, when the -ing form is used as the subject, the verb should be in the singular form. Let’s move on. It is pleasant taking a trip here. Why “taking”? Yes. It is pleasant doing sth. 做某事是愉快的 Enjoying the splendid landscape and taking a raft ride top the list of tourists’ favourite activities. It is also worth experiencing the local customs of the Tujia people and the Miao people. Again, a commonly used pattern: It is worth doing sth. 做某事是值得的 Finally, hiring a local tour guide may be helpful for the trip here. 19 Dear friends, I am going to China next week. I heard that there are many fascinating parks there. Could you please recommend one of them to me? Best wishes, Jason So far we have known so many fascinating parks in China. My foreign friend Jason, wrote a letter to us, asking us to recommend one of them to him. Which one would you like to recommend? 20 Dear Jason, I’m glad that you are coming to China. Hearing that you want to visit some parks, I’m writing to recommend my favourite one to you, that is, Dafushan Forest Park. Known as the “green lungs of Panyu, Guangzhou”, Dafushan is a forest park with beautiful natural scenery. ______________ is possible here, and __________________________________________________________. What’s more, ____________________________________________. All in all, ___________________________. I am looking forward to meeting you in Guangzhou! Best wishes, Kaiying Transfer & Create: Complete the letter using the -ing form as the subject. For me, I want to recommend Dafushan Forest Park in Panyu, Guangzhou. Could you help me complete the letter using the -ing form as the subject? 21 Transfer & Create: Complete the letter with the help of the photos Evaluation form (评价表) 1. Use at least three sentences with V-ing as the subject. ☆☆☆ 2. Use the correct form of verbs according to the subject. ☆☆☆ 3. The sentences show the activities that can be done in the park. ☆☆☆ If you don’t know what to write, you can refer to these photos. And here is an evaluation form to guide you throughout the writing. 22 Dear Jason, I’m glad that you are coming to China. Hearing that you want to visit some parks, I’m writing to recommend my favourite one to you, that is, Dafushan Forest Park. Known as the “green lungs of Panyu, Guangzhou”, Dafushan is a forest park with beautiful natural scenery. Renting cycles is possible here, and cycling along paths tops the list of people’s favourite activities in the park. What’s more, climbing hills, enjoying the splendid landscape and having a picnic are also fascinating. All in all, it is worth taking a trip to Dafushan. I am looking forward to meeting you in Guangzhou! Best wishes, Kaiying One possible version: Here is my version: Dear Jason, I’m glad that you are coming to China. Hearing that you want to visit some parks, I’m writing to recommend my favourite one to you, that is, Dafushan Forest Park. Known as the “green lungs of Panyu, Guangzhou”, Dafushan is a forest park with beautiful natural scenery. Renting cycles is possible here, and cycling along paths tops the list of people’s favourite activities in the park. What’s more, climbing hills, enjoying the splendid landscape and having a picnic are also fascinating. All in all, it is worth taking a trip to Dafushan. I am looking forward to meeting you in Guangzhou! Best wishes, Kaiying What about yours? It must be better than mine. Right? 23 Summary: the -ing form as the subject 1 Why & How? 2 用形式主语it指代V-ing的常用句型 描述和强调具体的行为或习惯，且使句子更简洁。 It is worth/pleasant/useless/no use/a waste of time doing ... it作形式主语：强调行为特征、状态或给人的感受； V-ing作主语：强调行为本身的具体内容。 通常直接置于句首，谓语动词用单数。 但多个 V-ing作主语描述多个行为时，谓语动词用复数。 3 it作形式主语与V-ing作主语的区别 Let’s have a brief summary. Today’s lesson focused on the -ing form used as the subject. We learned about why and how we use the -ing form as the subject. We also compared sentences with it as the empty subject and the -ing form as the subject. Finally, we got to know some commonly used sentence patterns. For example, it is worth doing... 24 Summary: fascinating parks in China Our motherland so rich in beauty, has made countless heroes vie to pay her their duty. 江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。 -- 毛泽东 On the other hand, we also learned about some fascinating parks in China. The natural beauty in these parks just remind me of the poem by Chairman Mao. Our motherland so rich in beauty, has made countless heroes vie to pay her their duty. We need to be proud of our country and try our best to make it better. 25 Homework 1. Complete the exercise on the homework sheet; 2. Write a letter to Jason to recommend your favourite park in China. Today’s homework. First, complete the exercise on the homework sheet. Second, write a letter to Jason to recommend your favourite park. Don’t forget to use what we learned today! 26 $$