Unit 1 Penfriends 知识清单（七大知识题型）总梳理-2024-2025学年八年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（牛津上海版）

Unit1 Penfriends 知识清单（七大知识题型）总梳理 ·模块一 课本词汇清单 ·模块二 词汇详解清单 ·模块三 重点短语清单 ·模块四 核心知识清单 ·模块五 重点语法清单 ·模块六 书面表达清单 ·模块七 当堂限时检测 模块一 课本词汇清单 单词 音标 含义 例句 baseball /ˈbeɪsbɔːl/ 棒球 I love playing baseball. title /ˈtɪtl/ 标题 The title of the book is "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer". corner /ˈkɔːnə/ 角落 There is a store on the corner. Walker /ˈwɔːkə/ 沃克 Have you ever been to Walker? Newcastle /ˈnjuːkɑːsl/ 纽卡斯尔 Newcastle is a city in England. metre /ˈmiːtər/ 米 The length of the table is 1 metre. own /əʊn/ 拥有 I own a dog. nearby /ˌneɪbərˈaɪ/ 附近 The library is nearby. college /ˈkɒlɪdʒ/ 大学 I am going to college next year. university /juːnɪˈvɜːsəti/ 大学 I study at the University of Cambridge. accountant /əˈkaʊntənt/ 会计 My father is an accountant. during /ˈdʊərɪŋ/ 在...期间 I went to the park during the weekend. keen /kiːn/ 热衷的 She wasn't keen on physics and chemistry. be keen on /bi kiːn ɒn/ 喜欢 I am keen on playing basketball. ski /skiː/ 滑雪 I love to ski in winter. table tennis /ˈteɪbl ˈtenɪs/ 乒乓球 I play table tennis every weekend. best /best/ 最好的 That is the best way to do it. physics /ˈfɪzɪks/ 物理学 I am studying physics at university. ambition /æmˈbɪʃən/ 抱负，志向 I have the ambition to become a doctor. maybe /ˈmeɪbi/ 也许 Maybe I will go to the movies tonight. enclose /ɪnˈkləʊz/ 随函附上 I'm going to enclose an invitation for you. height /haɪt/ 高度 The height of the building is 100 metres. dream /driːm/ 梦想 I have a dream of becoming a doctor. probably /ˈprɒbəbli/ 可能 It will probably rain tomorrow. tie /taɪ/ 领带 I am wearing a tie today. roof /ruːf/ 屋顶 The roof of the house is leaking. 模块二 词汇详解清单 1. baseball n. 棒球运动 e.g. Dick was keen on playing baseball when he was a little boy. 迪克还是个小孩的时候就迷恋上了棒球运动。 That man over there used to be one of the best players in baseball. 那边那个人以前是最好的棒球运动员之一 2. title n. 标题；题目 e.g. The title of the news is very interesting. 这新闻的标题非常有趣。 We shouldn't judge a story by its title. 我们不应根据标题判断故事是否精彩。 3. corner n. 角 e.g. Drop me at the next corner. 让我在下一个街角下车。 He put his books in the corner of his bedroom. 他把书放在卧室的角落里。 The Spring Festival is just around the corner. 春节即将来临。 I can see that shop at the corner. 我可以看见街角处的那家商店。 Let's go to that bar on the corner after work. 咱们下班后到拐角那家酒吧喝一杯吧。 4. metre n. 米，公尺 e.g. The car stopped suddenly within one metre away from him. 汽车离他不到一米远的地方突然停住。 The largest elephant on record was 4.2 metres tall. 历史上最高的大象有4.2米。 5. own v. 拥有 e.g. His parents own a small restaurant in the town. 他的父母在镇上有一间小餐馆。 Who owns this dog? 这条狗是谁的？ The old woman owns a beautiful car. 这位老太太有一辆漂亮的车。 6. nearby adv. 在附近 e.g. The plan landed nearby. 飞机在附近着落。 After boating, they went to have lunch nearby. 划过船后，他们到附近吃午饭。 7. college n. (英国)学院，职业学校 e.g. She enrolled in college yesterday. 她昨天注册入大学。 Not everyone would like to go to college. 不是每个人都想上大学。 I teach mathematics at a college. 我在一所学院教数学。 8. university n. 大学；高等学府 e.g. He has made friends with a student from another university. 他和另外一所大学的学生交了朋友。 How do you like this university? 你喜欢这所大学吗？ Which university should I apply to? 我应该申请哪所大学？ 9. during prep. 在……期间 e.g. She was taken to the hospital during the night. 她在夜间被送到医院。 The prices of fruit generally run up during the winter months. 在冬季的几个月里水果的价格一般总要上涨。 During exam time we should prepare for lessons. 在考试期间我们应该为功课做些准备。 10. keen adj. 喜爱，有兴趣 be keen on 对...着迷 e.g. He is keen on travelling around the world. 他对环游世界很感兴趣。 The reason I got into cycling was because my dad was a keen cyclist. 我加入自行车运动的原因是因为我父亲热衷自行车运动。 11. table tennis 乒乓球运动 e.g. Where do you usually play table tennis? 你们通常在哪里打乒乓球？ China won against Russia in Saturday's table tennis match. 中国赢得对俄罗斯在周六的乒乓球比赛。 I like to play table tennis, but it's hard to find a partner here. 我喜欢打乒乓球.但是在这儿很难找到球友. 12. best adj. 最好的 good\well—better—best e.g. They fetched out their best wine for us. 他们取出最好的酒招待我们。 Please accept my best wishes for your happiness and success. 请接受我最良好的祝愿，祝你幸福和成功。 13. physics n. 物理学 e.g. He is good at /does well in Physics. 他擅长学物理。 He majors in Physics at Qinghua University. 他在清华大学攻读物理学。 I need some books on Physics. 我需要一些关于物理学的书。 14. ambition n. 追求的目标，志向 e.g. My ambition is to be a doctor. 我的志向是成为一名医生。 She has no personal ambition. 她没有个人野心。 His ambition drove him to New York. 他的雄心驱动他到了纽约。 15. maybe adv. 或许；可能 e.g. Maybe he is in the classroom. 他可能在教室里。 Maybe I can help you in this activity. 也许在这次活动中我可以帮你。 16. enclose v. put sth. inside 附寄，随……附上 e.g. He enclosed a nice picture and sent the letter to me. 他在信里面放了一张漂亮的图片，把它寄给我。 I enclose two tickets along with this letter. 我随信附上两张票。 I enclose a photo of myself and some school friends. 我附上一张我和我学校里朋友的照片。 17. height n. (人的)身高；（物的）高度 e.g. We need to know the height, but he gives us the length. 我们需要知道的是高度，但他给我们的是长度。 What's your height and weight? 你的身高和体重是多少？ Most of my height comes from my long legs. 我大部分的身高来自于我的长腿。 18. dream n. 梦想；理想 e.g. His dream of being a doctor has come true. 他成为医生的梦想已经成真了。 I hope your dream (that) will come true. 我希望你美梦成真。 Last night I was visited by a terrible dream. 昨天夜里我做了一个可怕的梦。 21. probably adv. 很可能；大概 probable adj.很可能的 e.g. He probably caught the ten-thirty train to Tianjin. 他可能赶十点半去天津的火车。 He will probably get a good sum of money when his uncle dies. 他叔叔死后他可能得到一大笔钱。 模块三 重点短语清单 一、常用短语 1.get a letter from a penfriend 收到一封笔友的来信 2.at the end在末端 3.a boy called/named ...一个叫......的男孩 4.write to sb.给某人写信 5.tell sb.about sth.告诉某人关于某事 6.play chess下国际象棋 7.live with sb.和某人住在一起 8.at university在上大学 9.come back home回家 10.during the holidays 在放假期间 11.be keen on 对.....·着迷 12.enclose a photo of myself 附上一张 13.look for 寻找 14.speak English 讲英语 15.share sth. with sb.和某人分享某物 16.be close to接近，靠近 17.attend school上学 18.from... to.. 从......到...... 19.wear a school uniform 穿校服 20.leave school离开学校;毕业 21.all over the world 全世界 22.one day有一天 23.play the violin 拉小提琴 24.in the countryside 在乡下 二、固定用法 1.want sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事 2.would like to do sth.想要做某事 3.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 4.use...to do sth.用……做某事/物 5.how many十可数名词复数 how much十不可数名词 6.like/love doing/to do喜欢做 7.I think...我认为...... I don't think...我认为......不..... 8.It takes sb. some time to do sth.花费某人多长时间去做某事 模块四 核心知识清单 1. I am about one and a half metres tall. 常用"数词+feet/metres/centimetres/kilometers/+long/wide/tall/high/deep"表示事物的长宽高深。 The well is about three and a half metres deep. 井有3.5米深。 We walk along a street fifty feet wide. 我们沿着一条50英尺宽的街道走着。 The big tree is about ten metres high. 这棵大树大约10米高。 2. My ambition is to be an engineer. 此句中的动词不定式to be an engineer作表语，补充说明主语的具体内容。 His goal is to be a scientist. 他的目标是成为一名科学家。 My only wish is to do something for the public. 我唯一的希望是为公众做点事情。 A nurse's job is to look after sick people. 护士的工作是照顾病人。 3. My hobby is playing chess. 此句中playing chess是动名词作表语。动名词作表语用来表示经常或习惯性动作，或用来表达个人的兴趣爱好等。 His hobbies are collecting stamps and playing table tennis. 他的爱好是收集邮票和打桌球。 My favourite hobby is ice fishing. 我的爱好是冰上钓鱼。 My new hobby is driving. 我的新爱好是开车。 4. I hope you will write to me soon. hope 意为希望，后接不定式或宾语从句。 We hope she will succeed. 我们希望她会成功。 I hope to go to France with you. 我希望和你一起去法国。 He hopes his mother will come back soon. 他希望妈妈早点回来。 模块五 重点语法清单 语法精讲——特殊疑问句&不定冠词 ①特殊疑问句; 疑问词 意义 例句 问事物、职业、姓名、时间、班级等 What is your father?—He is a policeman. 问具体时刻 What time do you have class? 问时间 When will you get home?—This evening. 问原因 Why were you late again? 问地点 Where did you put it? 问人 Who is standing there? 问人（宾） With whom are you going? 问谁的 Whose watch is it? 问定语、问哪一个 Which girl is your friend? 问方式、程度、健康、天气等 How is the weather today? 问年龄 How old is your grandfather? 问长度或时间段 How long have you lived here? 问频率 How often do you exercise? 问多久以后 How soon will you come here? 问数量和价格 How much are they? 问距离 How far is it from your home to school? 【答案】What What time when Why Where Who Whom Whose Which How How old How long How often How soon How many/much How far ②不定冠词a/an 不定冠词包括a和an，位于单数可数名词前，表示“一（个），一（种），每一（个）”的含义。 a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，如a monkey , a university, a one-eyed cat； an用在以元音音素开头的单词前，如an umbrella , an honest girl 用法 举例 ①表示某一类人或事物 A dog is an animal. ②表示某一类人或事物中的任何一个 The e-mail is from an architect of a famous company. ③泛指某人或某物，未具体说明是何人或何物 A professor from Fudan University will give us a speech at the school hall tomorrow. ④表示数量“一” My brother bought a new car last week. ⑤表示“每一个” She used to write home once a week. ⑥用于某些固定搭配中 in a hurry 匆忙地 have/take a look看一看 have/take a rest have a good time 玩得愉快 in a word 总而言之 have a cold 感冒 模块六 书面表达清单 写作精讲——阅读书信 书信写作要求： 1. 正确书写地址 在信纸的右上角常出现的是写信人的地址，而收信人的地址则出现在信封上。 2. 正确书写结尾谦称 结尾谦称通常用：Yours, Yours faithfully, Yours sincerely等等。 3. 正确书写开头与结尾 开头重互动，结尾重回复。 4. 使用非正式语言 非正式预言不是完全口语化，而是介于正式书面语言和口头语言之间。 模块七 当堂限时检测 一、单项选择 1．We all know China is ________ Asian country. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．—________ do you cook for your family? — About twice a week. A．How long B．How much C．How often D．How many 3．—________ will the Pairs 2024 Olympic Games last? — For 17 days. A．How much B．How often C．How long D．How far 4．—It is raining outside, Peter. Why don’t you ________ an umbrella? —Thanks for your advice. A．to take B．take C．taking D．takes 5．—________ have you kept this book? —For two months. A．How soon B．How long C．How old D．How often 6．—______ have you lived in Beijing? —Since three years ago. I have been in love with it. A．How long B．When C．How often D．How soon 7．Soon Ben met another problem. So, he went to ________ expert for ________ advice. A．an; the B．a; / C．an; / D．a; a 8．I am going to be _________ scientist like Yuan Longping when I grow up. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 9．—Jim, you didn’t come to school yesterday. What’s wrong? —My teeth hurt a lot, so I saw a dentist to get ________ X-ray. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．Once upon a time, there was ______ emperor in the palace. He had ______ honest son. A．a; a B．a; an C．an; a D．an; an 11．Britain is ________ European country. It is also an island country. A．an B．the C．a D．/ 12．The old man is ________ active member of the singing club. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 13．—________ are you going? —We’re going to the park. A．How B．Where C．Why D．When 14．—______ does he play soccer? —Once a week. A．How many B．How much C．How often D．How long 15．— ______ is it from Windows of the World in Shenzhen (深圳世界之窗) to Chimelong in Guangzhou (广州长隆) ? — It’s about one hour’s drive. A．How soon B．How long C．How far D．How often 16．— ________ do you play tennis? — Twice a week. A．How long B．How many C．How soon D．How often 17．— _______ do you have supper with your parents? — Once a week. A．How soon B．How long C．How much D．How often 18．—Have you ever visited ________ New York? —No, I haven’t. I’ve never visited ________ US. A．a; / B．/; the C．a; the D．the; / 19．—Can you tell me a story? —OK! Once upon ______ time, an old man lived in the forest. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 20．This is ________ interesting invention and it is also ________ useful one. A．an; an B．an; the C．an; a D．a; a 二、单词拼写 21．How (much) watermelons do we need? 22．Hello, I am a TV ( report). Can I ask you some questions? 23．There was (a) earthquake in Ningbo on November 5th 2020. 24．Don’t worry about the or the worst results in your study. Just believe in yourself. (good) 25．—Why don’t we shopping this Sunday? (go) —Good idea! 26．What does he usually (do) after school? 27．Do you know that drinking too much pure water is also to our health?(harm) 28．He has decided to study in America to be an . (account) 29．Q:    do you usually at night on weekends? (sleep) A: For about 10 hours. 30．Alice is the same as her sister. (high) 31．I have a photo of myself to this envelope. (close) 32．Why don’t you (come) to my birthday party? 33．Look! The man in a hat is a dog with a rope. (tie) 34．Why not (join) us and play games? 35．They went to the cinema last night, but I’m not sure. (probable) 三、阅读理解 Hi, Kate! I saw your name and address in Penfriend magazine, and I would like to be your penfriend. First, I will tell you something about myself. My name is Sidney. I’m fourteen years old. I’m about five feet tall. I have short black hair and brown eyes. My hobbies are playing computer games and playing chess. I live with my parents. They came to England about 30 years ago. They came from Hong Kong, but I have never been there. Now my parents own a Chinese restaurant in Newcastle. We live in a small house near our restaurant. I was born in Newcastle. I can speak Chinese, but I cannot write it very well. I have a brother called Edwin. He is 23 and works as an architect in London. I’m in Walker School. It is near my house, so I can walk to school. I like my school because the teachers are friendly. My school has many sports fields. I like sports very much. I enjoy playing rugby and badminton in winter, and tennis in summer. My favourite subject is physics. I want to be an engineer. I’ll send you a photo of myself with my school friends. I am in the middle. I hope you will write to me soon, and tell me all about you. 36．Sidney wants _________. A．to tell Kate about his family B．to make friends with Kate C．to practice his English D．to tell Kate about his school life 37．How many people are there in Sidney’s family? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 38．Where was Sidney born? A．In China. B．In England. C．In Canada. D．In Japan. 39．What’s Sidney’s favourite sport in winter? A．Tennis. B．Computer games. C．Badminton. D．Chess competition. 40．Which is Sidney in the photo? A．The first one on the right. B．The first one on the left. C．The tallest one at the top. D．The one in the middle. 四、完形填空 Growing up in Australia, I wanted a penfriend. I was 13, had just started middle school and needed someone to talk to. So I went through all of the penfriend sites I could find on the Internet, 41 for any girl of my age from different countries.     I wrote to a Swede, an Italian, an American, a Finn, an Arab and an Egyptian, telling them about my family, my school and my country. 42 one girl replied—the Egyptian. Her name was Noran Hussein. When I opened my e-mail box and saw the reply, I was 43 .     We started off by telling each other about our lives. Right from the start I could tell that we 44 the same interests. Step by step we discussed problems all over the world.     People often ask if I’m afraid to ask Noran about certain things, like wearing the veil (面纱). I’m not. To me, asking questions is the first step towards understanding. 45 we stand back and only wonder, we’ll start to run into problems.     Noran and I are different, but we never say that 46 is wrong. I have learned more than I could ever hope to learn from a textbook. I wish people to experience what I have experienced—to learn that it is OK to be different, not to be afraid of one another. 41．A．asking B．waiting C．looking D．reaching 42．A．Only B．Still C．Also D．Yet 43．A．surprised B．angry C．excited D．nervous 44．A．made B．shared C．held D．learned 45．A．Because B．Although C．Before D．If 46．A．the other B．another C．no one D．either 五、短文填空 阅读短文，首字母填空（要求：在答题纸上写完整单词） Hello, guys! I’d like to introduce my new penfriend to you. His name is Henry. He is thirteen y 47 old. He s 48 at Beijing Sunshine Secondary School. He loves school very much. His school begins at 7:30 every morning. His favourite lessons are C 49 and English. He t 50 they are interesting and he wants to spend m 51 time on them. He likes morning exercises(早操) too. He thinks they h 52 him prepare(准备) for the day. After school, he goes to the Reading Club three t 53 a month. He a 54 likes playing basketball. In his f 55 time, he often reads something about Yao Ming and Lin Shuhao. His dream is to be a famous basketball p 56 just like them. 六、书面表达 57．假如你是李明，红旗中学的一名学生，你有一位认识3年的网友Jack Smith，他想要通过你认识更多的中国朋友，请你根据以下图片提示，并发挥你的想象，写一篇不少于80词的短文，把Jack介绍给你班同学。 要求：1. 语句流畅，语意连贯，书写规范，卷面整洁； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 不得出现真实校名、人名等。 你可能用到的词：Chinese culture中国文化；achieve his dream实现他的梦想 Hello, boys and girls! I have a special friend. I got to know him through the Internet. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案： 1．B 【详解】句意：我们都知道中国是一个亚洲国家。 考查冠词。此处泛指一个国家，“Asian”首字母发元音音素，应用不定冠词an，故选B。 2．C 【详解】句意：——你多久为家人做一次饭？——大约一周两次。 考查特殊疑问句。How long多久、多长；How much多少钱，询问价格；How often多久一次，询问频率；How many多少，询问数量。根据答语“About twice a week”可知，题干是询问频率。故选C。 3．C 【详解】句意：——2024年巴黎奥运会将持续多久？ ——17天。 考查特殊疑问句。How much多少；How often多久一次；How long多久；How far多远。根据答语“”可知此处询问2024年巴黎奥运会将持续多久。故选C。 4．B 【详解】句意：——外面正在下雨，Peter。你为什么不拿把雨伞呢？——感谢你的建议。 考查特殊疑问句。why don’t you do sth“你为什么不做某事”，此空应填动词原形，故选B。 5．B 【详解】句意：——这本书你借了多久了？——两个月了。 考查特殊疑问句。How soon多久之后；How long多长时间，对时间段提问；How old多大，对年龄提问；How often多久一次。根据答语“For two months.”可知，此处对时间段进行提问，所以B项符合。故选B。 6．A 【详解】句意：——你在北京生活多久了？——从三年前开始。我已经爱上它了。 考查特殊疑问句。How long多久；When什么时候；How often多久一次；How soon多久以后。根据回答“Since three years ago.”可知，此处应是询问多久了，用how long来提问。故选A。 7．C 【详解】句意：很快Ben就碰到了另一个问题。所以，他向专家寻求建议。 考查冠词的用法。an表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前； a表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；the表特指；/不用冠词。expert为单数名词，且为元音音素开头的单词，其前用不定冠词an表泛指；advice为不可数名词，其前不用不定冠词，go to sb for advice“向某人寻求建议”。故选C。 8．A 【详解】句意：我长大后想成为像袁隆平一样的科学家。 考查冠词辨析。a一，不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一，不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据“I am going to be…scientist ”可知，此处泛指一名科学家，且scientist是以辅音音素开头的单词，前面应用不定冠词a修饰。故选A。 9．B 【详解】句意：——Jim，你昨天没来学校。怎么了？——我的牙很疼，所以我去看牙医照了X光。 考查冠词用法。此空是指做了一个X光检查，X是以元音音素开头，应用an。故选B。 10．D 【详解】句意：从前，在宫殿里有一个皇帝。他有一个诚实的孩子。 考查冠词。a一，后接以辅音音素开头的单词；an一，后接以元音音素开头的单词。根据“there was... emperor”可知，emperor是单数可数名词，故应用不定冠词an；由于“honest”以元音音素开头，故应用an。故选D。 11．C 【详解】句意：英国是一个欧洲国家。它也是一个岛国。 考查冠词的用法。根据“Britain is…European country.”可知，此处表示泛指，应该填不定冠词。European以辅音音素开头，不定冠词a符合题意。故选C。 12．B 【详解】句意：这位老人是歌唱俱乐部的一名积极成员。 考查冠词。a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指；/零冠词。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指的一名积极成员，应用不定冠词；根据空后的“active”是以元音音素开头的单词可知，此处应用an。故选B。 13．B 【详解】句意：——你要去哪里？——我们要去公园。 考查特殊疑问句。How怎样；Where哪里；Why为什么；When什么时候。根据“We’re going to the park.”可知，此处询问的是“去哪里”，应该用Where进行提问。故选B。 14．C 【详解】句意：——他多久踢一次足球？——一周一次。 考查特殊疑问句。How many多少；How much多少钱；How often多久一次；How long多长时间。根据“Once a week”可知此处询问频率，疑问词用How often。故选C。 15．C 【详解】句意：——深圳的世界之窗到广州的长隆有多远？——大约一个小时的车程。 考查特殊疑问句。How soon多久，答语常用“in+时间段”；How long多长（时间）；How far多远；How often多久一次。根据答语“It’s about one hour’s drive.”可知，此处问的是距离，故选C。 16．D 【详解】句意：——Jim，你多久打一次网球？——一周两次。 考查特殊疑问词。How long多久；How many多少，提问可数名词数量；How soon多久以后；How often多久一次，提问频率。根据答句“Twice a week.”可知，是对频率提问。故选D。 17．D 【详解】句意：——你多久和父母一起吃一次晚饭？——一周一次。 考查特殊疑问词。How soon多久之后；How long多长时间；How much多少钱；How often多久一次。根据“Once a week.”可知，回答的是频率，提问是问频率。故选D。 18．B 【详解】句意：——你去过纽约吗？——不，我没有。我从未去过美国。 考查冠词。New York是地名，是专有名词，前面不需要加the；US是缩写形式，指美国，前面需要加the。故选B。 19．A 【详解】句意：——你能给我讲个故事吗？——好的！从前，森林里住着一位老人。 考查冠词。a一个，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，修饰元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。once upon a time“从前”，固定搭配。故选A。 20．C 【详解】句意：这是一个有趣的发明，也是一个有用的发明。 考查不定冠词。an一个，不定冠词，修饰发音以元音音素开头的单词；a一个，不定冠词，修饰发音以辅音音素开头的单词；the这，那，定冠词。根据“This is…interesting invention”可知，第一空处表示“一个有趣的发明”，且interesting发音是以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an表泛指；又结合“it is also…useful one”可知，第二空处表示“一个有用的发明”，且useful发音是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a表泛指。故选C。 21．many 【详解】句意：我们需要多少个西瓜？根据“How...watermelons”可知，指的是多少个西瓜，watermelons“西瓜”，可数名词复数形式，用“how many (多少)”提问。故填many。 22．reporter 【详解】句意：哈喽，我是一名记者。我可以问你一些问题吗？根据不定冠词“a”可知，空格处缺少名词单数；根据“Can I ask you some questions?”可知是reporter“记者”。故填reporter。 23．an 【详解】句意：2020年11月5日，宁波发生地震。此处表示泛指，earthquake发音以元音音素开头，用an。故填an。 24．best 【详解】句意：不要担心学习中最好或最差的结果。要相信你自己。根据“the worst”可知，横线处要填good的最高级。故填best。 25．go 【详解】句意：——这个星期天我们为什么不去购物呢？——好主意！why don’t sb. do sth.“某人为什么不做某事呢”，此处用动词原形。故填go。 26．do 【详解】句意：放学后他通常做什么？do“做”，助动词does后用动词原形，故填do。 27．harmful 【详解】句意：你知道喝太多纯净水对我们的健康也有危害吗？be harmful to“对……有危害”，形容词短语。故填harmful。 28．accountant 【详解】句意：他决定去美国学习当一名会计师。account“认为是，解释”，动词；根据“to be an...”可知，此处指成为一名会计师，accountant“会计师”，an后接单数名词。故填accountant。 29． How long sleep 【详解】句意：Q：你通常周末晚上睡多长时间？A：大约10个小时。根据答语“For about 10 hours.”可知，此处用“how long”提问，表“多长时间”，注意首字母大写；第三空位于助动词后，应用原形。故填How；long；sleep。 30．height 【详解】句意：爱丽丝和她姐姐一样高。根据“the same…as”可知，此处应填一个名词；high“高的”，其形容词，其名词为height“高度，身高”，符合语境。故填height。 31．enclosed 【详解】句意：我已经把我自己的照片装入这个信封中了。“close”译为“关闭”，根据语境要变成“使装入信封”，应该是“enclose”，前面有“have”，后面变成分词结构为“enclosed”，构成完成时态。故填enclosed。 32．come 【详解】句意：你为什么不来参加我的生日聚会呢？come“来”，动词。why don’t you do sth“你为什么不做某事”，为固定结构，故填come。 33．tying 【详解】句意：看！戴帽子的那个男人正在用绳子拴狗。根据“Look! The man in a hat is”可知，此句应用现在进行时，应填tie的现在分词形式tying。故填tying。 34．join 【详解】句意：为什么不和我们一起玩游戏呢？why not+动词原形+其他，表示“为什么不做某事呢”，是固定句型，空格处应用动词原形join。故填join。 35．probably 【详解】句意：他们昨晚可能去电影院了，但我不确定。probable“可能的”，形容词。根据“but I’m not sure”可知，此处指他们可能去电影院了，应用副词probably“可能地”，修饰动词went。故填probably。 36．B 37．C 38．B 39．C 40．D 【导语】本文是Sidney写给Kate的一封结交笔友的信，在信中介绍了自己的家庭和学校生活的情况。 36．细节理解题。根据“Hi, Kate! I saw your name and address in Penfriend magazine, and I would like to be your penfriend. ”可知，Sidney想要和Kate交朋友。故选B。 37．细节理解题。根据“I live with my parents…I have a brother called Edwin.”可知，Sidney和他父母住在一起，他还有一个哥哥，他们一家有4口人。故选C。 38．细节理解题。根据“I live with my parents. They came to England about 30 years ago...I was born in Newcastle.”可知，Sidney出生在英国，故选B。 39．细节理解题。根据“I enjoy playing ruby and badminton in winter”可知，Sidney冬天最喜欢打橄榄球和羽毛球。故选C。 40．细节理解题。根据“I’ll send you a photo of myself with my school friends. I am in the middle. ”可知，照片中间的那个人是Sidney。故选D。 41．C 42．A 43．C 44．B 45．D 46．A 【分析】本文主要讲述了作者交的一位笔友，以及和这位朋友的相处之道。 41．句意：所以我浏览了所有我能在网上找到的笔友网站，寻找不同国家和我同龄的女孩。 asking询问；waiting等待；looking看；reaching到达。根据“I wanted a penfriend”可知，是为了找一个同龄的女孩作为笔友，look for“寻找”，故选C。 42．句意：只有一个埃及女孩回复了。 Only只有；Still仍然；Also也；Yet还。根据“I wrote to a Swede, an Italian, an American, a Finn, an Arab and an Egyptian, telling them about my family”可知，给了几个人都写了信，但只有一个人回复了，故选A。 43．句意：当我打开邮箱看到回信时，我很兴奋。 surprised惊讶的；angry生气的；excited激动的；nervous紧张的。看到终于有人回复信件，此时应感到激动，故选C。 44．句意：从一开始我就能看出我们有共同的兴趣。 made制造；shared分享；held举办；learned学习。根据“the same interests”可知，分享相同的兴趣，故选B。 45．句意：如果我们退后一步，只是好奇，我们就会开始遇到问题。 Because因为；Although尽管；Before在……之间；If如果。根据“we stand back and only wonder, we’ll start to run into problems”可知，前后文是条件关系，用if引导条件状语从句，故选D。 46．句意：Noran和我不同，但我们从不说对方是错的。 the other另一个（两者之间）；another另一个（三这货三者以上）；no one没人；either任何一个。根据“Noran and I”可知，此处指两人之间中的另一个，故选A。 47．(y)ears 48．(s)tudies 49．(C)hinese 50．(t)hinks 51．(m)ore 52．(h)elp 53．(t)imes 54．(a)lso 55．(f)ree 56．(p)layer 【分析】本文是作者介绍自己的笔友Henry的个人信息，包括他的年龄，学校，兴趣爱好等。 47．句意：他13岁。年龄的表达为：基数词+year(s)+old，13后接复数名词，故填(y)ears。 48．句意：他在北京阳光中学学习。根据“at Beijing Sunshine Secondary School”及首字母可知，在这个学校学习，句子是一般现在时，主语he是第三人称，动词用三单形式，故填(s)tudies。 49．句意：他最喜欢的课程是语文和英语。根据“His favourite lessons”及首字母可知，此处指“中文”，英文表达为Chinese，故填(C)hinese。 50．句意：他认为它们是有趣的，他想花更多的时间在它们上。根据“they are interesting”可知，这是他的想法，句子是一般现在时，主语he是第三人称，动词用三单形式，故填(t)hinks。 51．句意：他认为它们是有趣的，他想花更多的时间在它们上。根据“he wants to spend …time on them”可知，想在喜欢的学科上花更多的时间，故填(m)ore。 52．句意：他认为它们能帮助他为这一天做准备。根据“He likes morning exercises(早操) too”可知，做早操对他有帮助，句子是一般现在时，主语they是复数形式，动词用原形，故填(h)elp。 53．句意：放学后，他一个月去三次阅读俱乐部。根据“three… a month”及首字母可知，此处表示频率，three times a month“一个月三次”，故填(t)imes。 54．句意：他也喜欢打篮球。前文介绍了他喜欢做早操，此处表示也喜欢打篮球，故填(a)lso。 55．句意：在他的空闲时间，他经常读一些关于姚明和林书豪的文章。此空缺少形容词修饰名词time，结合“in his…time”可知，此处表示空闲时间，英文表达为free time，故填(f)ree。 56．句意：他的梦想是成为一个著名的篮球运动员就像他们一样。根据“Yao Ming and Lin Shuhao”及“like them”可知，想成为像姚明和林书豪一样的运动员，a修饰名词的单数形式，故填(p)layer。 57．例文      Hello, boys and girls! I have a special friend. I got to know him through the Internet.      His name is Jack Smith and he is 14 years old. He comes from England. We have been friends for three years. He enjoys reading very much and his favorite book is Journey to the West. He loves our Chinese culture very much. So he hopes to visit China one day.      He has read 98 books. He wants to be a writer when he grows up. So he always writes stories online and he has written 25 stories. He is trying his best to achieve his dream. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏要点，包括：注意行文连贯、逻辑清晰、无拼写和语法错误。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍我有一位好朋友； 第二步，好朋友Jack的基本信息； 第三步，介绍Jack最喜欢的书和梦想以及成就。 [亮点词汇] ①enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事 ②hope to do希望做某事 ③grow up长大 ④try one’s best to do尽某人最大努力去做某事 [高分句型] ①He enjoys reading very much and his favorite book is Journey to the West. (并列句) ②He wants to be a writer when he grows up. (when引导的时间状语从句) 6 原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 10 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$