05 必修三 Unit 5 On the move - 2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（外研版2019）

必修第三册 Unit 5　 What an adventure 知识背诵清单通关练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量+核心词汇之转换词形词性 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 （第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. adv. 因此，从而 2． n. 国界，边界 3． n. 人群 4． n. 努力，尝试 5． n. 惊险，刺激 6． adj. 未觉察到的，未意识到的 7． n. 指导方针，指导原则 8． n. 流血，失血 9． n. 伤，损害 10． v. 延伸，绵延 11． n. 主管，负责 12． adv. 在前面 13． v. 允许，准许，许可 14． v. 相联系，有关联；讲述 15． adv. 逐渐地，逐步地 16． adj. 有皱褶的 17． prep. 在……之下，在…正下方 18． n. 居民，住户 19. adj. 开始的，最初的 20． n. 地区，地带 21． n. 氧气 22． adj. 纯粹的，十足的 23． n. 心理学家 24． n. 港，港口 25． n. 酒精 26． n. 绷带 27． n. 创可贴 28． n. 岸，滨 29． n. 地毯 30． n. 雄性动物 31． n. 橡胶，合成橡胶 32． n. 棉布，棉纱 33． n. 羊毛，毛织物 34． n. 布 35． n. 液体，液态物 36． n. 仆人，佣人 37． n. 船长 38． n. 章节 39． n. 头盔，钢盔 40． n. 光线，光束 核心词汇之转换词形词性 1. v. 证实，证明→ n. 证实，证明 2． n. 失败→fail v. 失败；未能(做到)；不及格；出故障 → adj. 失败的；不成功的 3． adj. 被迷住的，被吸引住的→ v. 深深吸引；迷住→ adj. 极有吸引力的，迷人的→ n. 魅力；入迷，着迷 4． v. 使吃惊，使惊讶→ adj. 吃惊的，惊愕的→ adj. 令人吃惊的→ n. 吃惊，惊讶 5． v. 消耗→ n. 消费者；用户→ n. 消费；消耗量 6． v. 看清；认出→ adj. 卓越的，杰出的，著名的；高贵的 7． v. 环绕，围绕→ adj. 周围的→ n. 环境；周围的事物 8． n. (光、声等的)强度→ adj. 十分强烈的；激烈的；尖锐的；热切的 9． n. 深，深度→ adj. 深的；深奥的，难懂的；酣睡的，沉睡的；深切的，衷心的→ adv. 深刻地，强烈地，深沉地→ v. 加深，(使)变深 10． adj. 宽的，阔的→ v. 变宽，变阔；拓宽，增长(经验、知识等) → adv. 大体上，基本上 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 1． 搜查，搜索 2． 开通，开放 3． 代表 4． 赚钱 5． 成功于…… 6． 取某人的性命 7． 与……相似 8． 使……成为焦点 9． 转向 10． 想出，理解，弄清 11． 尝试做某事 12． 冒险 13． 指的是；提到；参考 14． ... 从……中受益 15． 提醒某人做某事 16． 闯入；强行进入 17． 施加压力 18． 打算做某事 19． 对……着迷；对……极感兴趣的 20． 根据……改写或改编 21． 在远处 22． 驶离；驱走 23． (数量或比例上)占；是……的原因；解释 24． 通过 25． 在大白天 26． 轮流 27． 起航 28． 对某人有吸引力 第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 ① confirm v. 证实，证明(教材P50) 　 单句语法填空 ①(剑桥高阶)Her confession was no surprise to him, just the ________ (confirm) of a long－held suspicion. ②(朗文当代)The expression on his face confirmed me ________ my suspicions. ③(牛津高阶)He was confirmed ________ captain for the rest of the season. 　单句表达 ④(牛津高阶)请来信确认一下您所预订的项目。 Please write ________________________． ⑤已证实至少有两人在事故中丧生。 ________________________ at least two people were killed in the accident. ② crowd n. 人群(教材P50) 　单句语法填空 ①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)French cafés are always ________ (crowd). ②(中国日报)Because of the uneven distribution of medical resources in China, hospitals in major cities ________ (crowd) with patients from around the country. ③(2020·浙江高考1月)His parents nodded, and they watched as he walked out of sight into the ________ (crowd) of hundreds of students and parents. 　 单句表达 ④当她看到那张照片时，幸福的记忆涌上心头。 The happy memories ____________________ when she saw the photo. ③ attempt n. 努力，尝试(教材P51) [易混辨析：attempt/manage] attempt 表示试图做某事，但不一定有结果 manage 表示设法做成某事 　单句语法填空 ①(2020·浙江高考)Some time after 10，000 BC, people made the first real attempt ________ (control) the world they lived in，through agriculture. ②(朗文当代)She passed her driving test ________ the first attempt. ③(剑桥高阶)A man is being questioned in relation to the ________ (attempt) murder last night. ④(牛津高阶)Do not attempt ________ (repair) this yourself. 　 单句表达 ⑤如果你第一次尝试失败的话，也没必要担心。 If you fail ________________________， there is no need to care about that. ④ charge n. 主管，负责(教材P57) 　写出charge在下列句中的词性及词义①(剑桥高阶)She drove the car round the block to charge its batteries.________ ②(牛津高阶)Do you think museums should charge for admission？________ ③(剑桥高阶)The paper charged her with using the company's money for her own purposes.________ ④(剑桥高阶)Is there a charge for children or do they go free？________ 单句语法填空 ⑤(2021·天津高考3月)He offered to fix bikes free ________ charge for anyone who needed it. ⑥(牛津高阶)The governing body is charged ________ managing the school within its budget. 　一句多译 ⑦(牛津高阶)这个部门在她负责以前组织工作做得很差。 The department was badly organized until she ____________________． ＝The department was badly organized until she is ____________________． ＝The department was badly organized until it is ____________________ her. ⑤ astonish v. 使吃惊，使惊讶(教材P57) 　 单句语法填空 ①(牛津高阶)To my ________ (astonish) it had completely disappeared. ②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an ________ (astonish) variety of wildlife. ③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)But that's how nature is—always leaving us ________ (astonish). 　单句表达 ④(牛津高阶)他听到获得了那份工作感到惊讶。 He ____________________ he had got the job. ⑥ surround v. 环绕，围绕(教材P57) [名师点津]　常用复数的名词：earnings 薪水；findings 调查结果；belongings 所有物；twins 双胞胎；arms 武器；wishes 祝愿；greetings 问候语；woods 树林；tears 泪水；ruins 废墟。 　单句语法填空 ①(2021·浙江高考1月)The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation: for health and well－being, as well as lost opportunities for children to get to know their local ________ (surround). ②(剑桥高阶)A lot of the children at the school do not live in the town, but come in from the ________ (surround) countryside. ③(2019·江苏高考)Steve arrived and sat in the front row, ________ (surround) by his family. 　单句表达 ④(2020·浙江高考)饥饿的熊顺着味道来到我们的营地，营地周围有一道高高的铁丝网。 The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp，which ________________ a high wire fence. stand for 代表；象征(教材P51) 　 单句语法填空 ①(牛津高阶)How can you stand ________ and let him treat his dog like that? ②(牛津高阶)I can't stand him ________ (interrupt) all the time. ③(牛津高阶)You must stand up ________ your rights. ④(朗文当代)The outlines of rooftops and chimneys stood ________ against the pale sky. ⑤Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand ________ specific letters of the alphabet. 　 单句表达 ⑥人们通常在中秋节吃月饼，因为月饼象征着家庭团圆。 People usually eat moon cakes on Mid－Autumn Festival, because moon cakes ____________ family reunion. 动名词(短语)作主语 For these people, climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other, making some feel weak and others, powerful. (教材P50)对于这些人而言，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一次独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。 (1)动名词(短语)作主语往往表示比较笼统的、一般的或习惯性的动作，谓语动词用单数。 (2)动名词(短语)作主语时，有时用it作形式主语，而把动名词(短语)后置，常见结构： It is useless/no use/no good/a waste of time＋doing sth 做某事是无用的/没有用的/没有好处的/浪费时间的。 (3)动名词(短语)作主语时可以有自己的逻辑主语，构成动名词的复合结构。 　 单句语法填空 ①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Being a page turner ________ (require) plenty of practice. ②(朗文当代)It's no good ________ (tell) him—he won't listen. ③His ________ (come) surprised all the people at present. ④(2021·浙江高考)________ (run) the website has almost turned into a full－time job. 　 单句表达 ⑤(2021·全国乙卷)在某些情况下，仅仅说声谢谢似乎是不够的。 Simply ________________ doesn't seem enough in certain situations. ⑥整天坐着看电视真是浪费时间。 ________________________________ in front of the television all day. （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 Group1　词形转换练 1．[2022·浙江6月卷]Those rooms are ________ (equip) with modern electronic facilities, all of which are linked to the Internet. 2．[2022·全国甲卷]________ (inspire) by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation held in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 3．[2022·北京卷]More researchers, policymakers and ________ (represent) from the food industry must learn to look beyond their direct lines of responsibility and adopt a systems approach. 4．[2021·全国乙卷]Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to ________ (appear)． 5．Having been persuaded ________ (change) my attitude, I finally got the right way to rid myself of carelessness and gained confidence as well. 6．In ________ (respond) to this problem, various academics proposed many measures and steps. Group2　固定搭配和句型 1．There were cheers for each of the women as they spoke ________ turn. 2．In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die ________ heart attacks. 3．The little girl struggled to keep ________ (she) balance on the balance beam. 4．In the 1940s, electricity was available ________ people in almost all areas of the United States. 5．All who participated have gained a positive outcome from getting ________ (involve)． Group3　清除阅读障碍 一词多义——根据语境选出content的含义 A．n.目录　　　 B．n.内容 C．vt.使满足 D．adj.满意的；满足的 1．Having skimmed the play, they began to discuss the content of it.________ 2．There is a table of contents in the front of the dictionary.________ 3．I am very content with my occupation at present.________ 4．He wisely contented himself with his family and his love of nature.________ Group4　完成句子/句式升级 1．我建议你应该保持学习和娱乐之间的平衡，像参加运动、听听音乐之类的。 I suggest you should ________________________________________________， such as sports, listening to music and so on. 2．当转身的时候，她看到有人正带着喜悦盯着她看。 When she turned around, she saw someone ________________________． 3．我还没来得及说一句话，他就冲出了房间。 He rushed out of the room ____________________________． 4．I'll try my best to perform well in the volunteer job. →I'll __________________________________________________ to perform well in the volunteer job. (in sb.'s power) （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 句型公式：see＋宾语＋宾补 (教材原句)All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts' content with a ball made of plastic bags. 在世界各地，你都可以看到孩子们尽情地踢由塑料袋做成的球。 “see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，有类似用法的动词还有feel, hear, observe, notice, watch等。 (1)see sb. do sth.看见某人做了某事，强调动作的全过程(在变为被动语态时， see sb. do sth.应改为sb.be seen to do sth.)。 (2)see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事，强调动作正在进行。 (3)see sth. done看见某事被做，强调动作的被动和完成。 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①[2022·新高考卷Ⅱ]When he saw a young child ________ (hang) from a sixth-floor apartment balcony, Henry ran one hundred meters, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the falling child. ②If you watch long enough, you will see many problems ________ (settle) in this way. 能力提升——读后续写生动表达 ③当我走进教室，我看见他在埋头读书。(see的复合结构) When I walked into the classroom, ________________________． 冠词 单句语法填空 1．May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ________ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019.To celebrate ________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.[2022·全国乙卷] 2．________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.[2022·全国甲卷] 3．The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening ________ (it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea.[2022·全国乙卷] 4．Since people can't always eat out or cook for ________ (they), they get takeout or order delivery.[2022·北京卷] [感悟]　语法填空三谨记 1．判断特指还是泛指 (1)若空格后有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定冠词a/an； (2)若发现空格后有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑定冠词the； (3)看看是否是固定搭配典例。 2．分析句子结构，发现名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般是填介词。 3．分析句子结构，发现指代上文中所提到的人或物时，应考虑用相应的代词。代词分为有提示词、无提示词代词两种形式。 考点多维突破 一、冠词 考点一 不定冠词的3种基本用法及2种灵活用法 3种基本用法 1．表示类指，或指某类中的任何一个。 It is generally accepted that a boy must learn to stand up and fight like a man. 人们普遍认为男孩儿必须学会站起来并像个男子汉一样去奋斗。 2．表示泛指，说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词。 It was a cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across the night sky. 那是一个寒冷的冬夜，月亮在夜空中闪耀着。 3．表示量指，不定冠词表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有one强烈。 Rome was not built in a day． 罗马非一日建成。/冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。 2种灵活用法 ①表示“某一个”，相当于some/a certain。 A Mr Brown came to see you just now. 刚才有一位布朗先生来找你了。 ②“a(n)＋序数词”表示“又一，再一”；“a most＋形容词”表示“非常，很……”。 He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get a second chance in the long jump. 他在跳高比赛中没有赢得金牌，但是在跳远比赛中他还有一次(获得金牌的)机会。 考点二 定冠词的5种基本用法 1.特指某人或某事。 Yesterday John's father bought him a new bike. The bike cost him 200 yuan. 昨天约翰的父亲给他买了一辆新自行车。这辆自行车花了他200元。 2．用在含有普通名词的专有名词前，或与世界上独一无二的事物连用。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起，在西方落下。 3．用在序数词和形容词、副词最高级及only, very, same等之前。 Could you give me some advice on the best way to solve the problem? 你能就解决这个问题的最好办法给我一些建议吗？ 4．用在表示计量的名词前，如by the hour, by the day, by the week, by the dozen, by the yard等，但是如果表示单位的名词为不可数名词，之前不用冠词，如by weight/height等。 —It's said John will get a job paying over $60，000 a year. ——据说约翰会得到一份年薪超过60 000美元的工作。 —Right, he will also get paid by the week． ——是的，而且会按周付薪。 5．某些形容词前面加定冠词，表示某类人或物。 The injured were taken to the nearest hospital without delay.受伤的人被立刻送到了最近的医院。 考点三 冠词在短语中的习惯用法 1.含不定冠词的固定搭配 have a knowledge/an understanding of　　了解 have a good view of 饱览 in a hurry 匆忙地 as a result 因此 as a rule 通常 as a whole 总体上 as a matter of fact 事实上 2．含定冠词的固定搭配 make the most/best of 充分利用 in the end 最后 by the way 顺便说一下 in the distance 在远处 in the way 挡道 on the whole 总的来说 3．含零冠词的固定搭配 at present 目前 take part in 参加 in peace 平静 by chance/accident 碰巧 on purpose 故意 on second thoughts 再三考虑 ahead of time 提前 in advance 提前 4．常用的固定词组辨析 考点四 零冠词的3种基本用法 1.在不可数名词或可数名词复数前表示泛指不用冠词。 2．称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、宾语补足语或同位语时，不加冠词。 Dr Peter Spence，headmaster of the school, told us, “A fifth of pupils here go on to further study at Oxford or Cambridge.” 这所学校的校长彼得·斯宾塞告诉我们：“这儿五分之一的学生将继续到牛津大学或剑桥大学深造。” 3．表示时间、节日、季节、三餐、球类运动、语言、学科的名词前不用冠词。 即学即练 单句语法填空 1．So enjoying the flourishing chrysanthemum also becomes ________ essential activity in this festival. [2023·泰安市高考全真模拟] 2．These 24 solar terms were soon absorbed into The Taichu calendar, the first well documented calendar in ________ history of China. [2023·安庆市高三模拟] 3．That led to ________ increasing number of Chinese brands joining the trend and creating a wave of China Chic. [2023·烟台市考前热身] 4．After 82 days, cycling ________ total of 5，600 km, he finally got to Mount Qomolangma, passing through six provinces and regions.[2023·武汉市模拟] 5．In ________ 1920s and 1930s, he collected around 400，000 seeds from five continents.[2023·江苏省连云港市模拟二] 6．Deng joined the PLA Air Force in June 1984 and started training as ________ pilot at a flight college in Hebei province. [2023·高三年级苏州八校三模] $$必修第三册 Unit 5　 What an adventure 知识背诵清单通关练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量+核心词汇之转换词形词性 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 （第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.thus adv. 因此，从而 2．border n. 国界，边界 3．crowd n. 人群 4．attempt n. 努力，尝试 5．thrill n. 惊险，刺激 6．unaware adj. 未觉察到的，未意识到的 7．guideline n. 指导方针，指导原则 8．bleeding n. 流血，失血 9．injury n. 伤，损害 10．stretch v. 延伸，绵延 11．charge n. 主管，负责 12．ahead adv. 在前面 13．permit v. 允许，准许，许可 14．relate v. 相联系，有关联；讲述 15．gradually adv. 逐渐地，逐步地 16．wrinkled adj. 有皱褶的 17．beneath prep. 在……之下，在…正下方 18．resident n. 居民，住户 19.initial adj. 开始的，最初的 20．zone n. 地区，地带 21．oxygen n. 氧气 22．sheer adj. 纯粹的，十足的 23．psychologist n. 心理学家 24．port n. 港，港口 25．alcohol n. 酒精 26．bandage n. 绷带 27．plaster n. 创可贴 28． shore n. 岸，滨 29．carpet n. 地毯 30．male n. 雄性动物 31．rubber n. 橡胶，合成橡胶 32．cotton n. 棉布，棉纱 33．wool n. 羊毛，毛织物 34．cloth n. 布 35．liquid n. 液体，液态物 36．servant n. 仆人，佣人 37．captain n. 船长 38．chapter n. 章节 39．helmet n. 头盔，钢盔 40．ray n. 光线，光束 核心词汇之转换词形词性 1.confirm v. 证实，证明→confirmation n. 证实，证明 2．failure n. 失败→fail v. 失败；未能(做到)；不及格；出故障→failed adj. 失败的；不成功的 3．fascinated adj. 被迷住的，被吸引住的→fascinate v. 深深吸引；迷住→fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的，迷人的→fascination n. 魅力；入迷，着迷 4．astonish v. 使吃惊，使惊讶→astonished adj. 吃惊的，惊愕的→astonishing adj. 令人吃惊的→astonishment n. 吃惊，惊讶 5．consume v. 消耗→consumer n. 消费者；用户→consumption n. 消费；消耗量 6．distinguish v. 看清；认出→distinguished adj. 卓越的，杰出的，著名的；高贵的 7．surround v. 环绕，围绕→surrounding adj. 周围的→surroundings n. 环境；周围的事物 8．intensity n. (光、声等的)强度→intense adj. 十分强烈的；激烈的；尖锐的；热切的 9．depth n. 深，深度→deep adj. 深的；深奥的，难懂的；酣睡的，沉睡的；深切的，衷心的→deeply adv. 深刻地，强烈地，深沉地→deepen v. 加深，(使)变深 10．broad adj. 宽的，阔的→broaden v. 变宽，变阔；拓宽，增长(经验、知识等)→broadly adv. 大体上，基本上 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 1．in search of 搜查，搜索 2．open up 开通，开放 3．stand for 代表 4．make money 赚钱 5．succeed in 成功于…… 6．take one's life 取某人的性命 7．be similar to 与……相似 8．bring ... into focus 使……成为焦点 9．turn around 转向 10．figure out 想出，理解，弄清 11．attempt to do sth 尝试做某事 12．take risks 冒险 13．refer to 指的是；提到；参考 14．benefit from ... 从……中受益 15．remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 16．break into 闯入；强行进入 17．put pressure on 施加压力 18．intend to do sth 打算做某事 19．be fascinated by 对……着迷；对……极感兴趣的 20．adapt from 根据……改写或改编 21．at a distance 在远处 22．drive away 驶离；驱走 23．account for (数量或比例上)占；是……的原因；解释 24．pass through 通过 25．in broad daylight 在大白天 26．take turns 轮流 27．set sail 起航 28．appeal to sb 对某人有吸引力 第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 ① confirm v. 证实，证明(教材P50) 　 单句语法填空 ①(剑桥高阶)Her confession was no surprise to him, just the ________ (confirm) of a long－held suspicion. ②(朗文当代)The expression on his face confirmed me ________ my suspicions. ③(牛津高阶)He was confirmed ________ captain for the rest of the season. 答案：①confirmation　②in　③as 　单句表达 ④(牛津高阶)请来信确认一下您所预订的项目。 Please write ________________________． ⑤已证实至少有两人在事故中丧生。 ________________________ at least two people were killed in the accident. 答案：④to confirm your reservation　⑤It has been confirmed that ② crowd n. 人群(教材P50) 　单句语法填空 ①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)French cafés are always ________ (crowd). ②(中国日报)Because of the uneven distribution of medical resources in China, hospitals in major cities ________ (crowd) with patients from around the country. ③(2020·浙江高考1月)His parents nodded, and they watched as he walked out of sight into the ________ (crowd) of hundreds of students and parents. 答案：①crowded　②are crowded　③crowds 　 单句表达 ④当她看到那张照片时，幸福的记忆涌上心头。 The happy memories ____________________ when she saw the photo. 答案：④crowded into her mind ③ attempt n. 努力，尝试(教材P51) [易混辨析：attempt/manage] attempt 表示试图做某事，但不一定有结果 manage 表示设法做成某事 　单句语法填空 ①(2020·浙江高考)Some time after 10，000 BC, people made the first real attempt ________ (control) the world they lived in，through agriculture. ②(朗文当代)She passed her driving test ________ the first attempt. ③(剑桥高阶)A man is being questioned in relation to the ________ (attempt) murder last night. ④(牛津高阶)Do not attempt ________ (repair) this yourself. 答案：①to control　②at　③attempted 　 单句表达 ⑤如果你第一次尝试失败的话，也没必要担心。 If you fail ________________________， there is no need to care about that. 答案：④to repair　⑤at the/your first attempt ④ charge n. 主管，负责(教材P57) 　写出charge在下列句中的词性及词义①(剑桥高阶)She drove the car round the block to charge its batteries.________ ②(牛津高阶)Do you think museums should charge for admission？________ ③(剑桥高阶)The paper charged her with using the company's money for her own purposes.________ ④(剑桥高阶)Is there a charge for children or do they go free？________ 答案：①v. 充电　②v. 收费，要价　③v. 控告　④n. 费用 单句语法填空 ⑤(2021·天津高考3月)He offered to fix bikes free ________ charge for anyone who needed it. ⑥(牛津高阶)The governing body is charged ________ managing the school within its budget. 答案：⑤of　⑥with 　一句多译 ⑦(牛津高阶)这个部门在她负责以前组织工作做得很差。 The department was badly organized until she ____________________． ＝The department was badly organized until she is ____________________． ＝The department was badly organized until it is ____________________ her. 答案：⑦took charge of it; in charge of it; in the charge of ⑤ astonish v. 使吃惊，使惊讶(教材P57) 　 单句语法填空 ①(牛津高阶)To my ________ (astonish) it had completely disappeared. ②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an ________ (astonish) variety of wildlife. ③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)But that's how nature is—always leaving us ________ (astonish). 答案：①astonishment　②astonishing　③astonished 　单句表达 ④(牛津高阶)他听到获得了那份工作感到惊讶。 He ____________________ he had got the job. 答案：④was astonished to hear ⑥ surround v. 环绕，围绕(教材P57) [名师点津]　常用复数的名词：earnings 薪水；findings 调查结果；belongings 所有物；twins 双胞胎；arms 武器；wishes 祝愿；greetings 问候语；woods 树林；tears 泪水；ruins 废墟。 　单句语法填空 ①(2021·浙江高考1月)The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation: for health and well－being, as well as lost opportunities for children to get to know their local ________ (surround). ②(剑桥高阶)A lot of the children at the school do not live in the town, but come in from the ________ (surround) countryside. ③(2019·江苏高考)Steve arrived and sat in the front row, ________ (surround) by his family. 答案：①surroundings　②surrounding　③surrounded 　单句表达 ④(2020·浙江高考)饥饿的熊顺着味道来到我们的营地，营地周围有一道高高的铁丝网。 The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp，which ________________ a high wire fence. 答案：④was surrounded by stand for 代表；象征(教材P51) 　单句语法填空 ①(牛津高阶)How can you stand ________ and let him treat his dog like that? ②(牛津高阶)I can't stand him ________ (interrupt) all the time. ③(牛津高阶)You must stand up ________ your rights. ④(朗文当代)The outlines of rooftops and chimneys stood ________ against the pale sky. ⑤Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand ________ specific letters of the alphabet. 答案：①by　②interrupting　③for　④out　⑤for 　单句表达 ⑥人们通常在中秋节吃月饼，因为月饼象征着家庭团圆。 People usually eat moon cakes on Mid－Autumn Festival, because moon cakes ____________ family reunion. 答案：⑥stand for 动名词(短语)作主语 For these people, climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other, making some feel weak and others, powerful. (教材P50)对于这些人而言，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一次独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。 (1)动名词(短语)作主语往往表示比较笼统的、一般的或习惯性的动作，谓语动词用单数。 (2)动名词(短语)作主语时，有时用it作形式主语，而把动名词(短语)后置，常见结构： It is useless/no use/no good/a waste of time＋doing sth 做某事是无用的/没有用的/没有好处的/浪费时间的。 (3)动名词(短语)作主语时可以有自己的逻辑主语，构成动名词的复合结构。 　单句语法填空 ①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Being a page turner ________ (require) plenty of practice. ②(朗文当代)It's no good ________ (tell) him—he won't listen. ③His ________ (come) surprised all the people at present. ④(2021·浙江高考)________ (run) the website has almost turned into a full－time job. 答案：①requires　②telling　③coming　④Running 　单句表达 ⑤(2021·全国乙卷)在某些情况下，仅仅说声谢谢似乎是不够的。 Simply ________________ doesn't seem enough in certain situations. ⑥整天坐着看电视真是浪费时间。 ________________________________ in front of the television all day. 答案：⑤saying thank you　⑥It is a waste of time sitting （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 Group1　词形转换练 1．[2022·浙江6月卷]Those rooms are ________ (equip) with modern electronic facilities, all of which are linked to the Internet. 2．[2022·全国甲卷]________ (inspire) by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation held in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 3．[2022·北京卷]More researchers, policymakers and ________ (represent) from the food industry must learn to look beyond their direct lines of responsibility and adopt a systems approach. 4．[2021·全国乙卷]Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to ________ (appear)． 5．Having been persuaded ________ (change) my attitude, I finally got the right way to rid myself of carelessness and gained confidence as well. 6．In ________ (respond) to this problem, various academics proposed many measures and steps. Group2　固定搭配和句型 1．There were cheers for each of the women as they spoke ________ turn. 2．In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die ________ heart attacks. 3．The little girl struggled to keep ________ (she) balance on the balance beam. 4．In the 1940s, electricity was available ________ people in almost all areas of the United States. 5．All who participated have gained a positive outcome from getting ________ (involve)． Group3　清除阅读障碍 一词多义——根据语境选出content的含义 A．n.目录　　　 B．n.内容 C．vt.使满足 D．adj.满意的；满足的 1．Having skimmed the play, they began to discuss the content of it.________ 2．There is a table of contents in the front of the dictionary.________ 3．I am very content with my occupation at present.________ 4．He wisely contented himself with his family and his love of nature.________ Group4　完成句子/句式升级 1．我建议你应该保持学习和娱乐之间的平衡，像参加运动、听听音乐之类的。 I suggest you should ________________________________________________， such as sports, listening to music and so on. 2．当转身的时候，她看到有人正带着喜悦盯着她看。 When she turned around, she saw someone ________________________． 3．我还没来得及说一句话，他就冲出了房间。 He rushed out of the room ____________________________． 4．I'll try my best to perform well in the volunteer job. →I'll __________________________________________________ to perform well in the volunteer job. (in sb.'s power) 答案 Group1 1．equipped　2.Inspired　3.representatives　4.disappear 5．to change　6.response Group 2 1．in　2.of/from　3.her　4.to/for　5.involved Group 3 1．B　2.A　3.D　4.C Group 4 1．keep the balance between your study and entertainment 2．staring at her with great joy 3．before I could say a word 4．do everything in my power （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 句型公式：see＋宾语＋宾补 (教材原句)All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts' content with a ball made of plastic bags. 在世界各地，你都可以看到孩子们尽情地踢由塑料袋做成的球。 “see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，有类似用法的动词还有feel, hear, observe, notice, watch等。 (1)see sb. do sth.看见某人做了某事，强调动作的全过程(在变为被动语态时， see sb. do sth.应改为sb.be seen to do sth.)。 (2)see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事，强调动作正在进行。 (3)see sth. done看见某事被做，强调动作的被动和完成。 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①[2022·新高考卷Ⅱ]When he saw a young child ________ (hang) from a sixth-floor apartment balcony, Henry ran one hundred meters, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the falling child. ②If you watch long enough, you will see many problems ________ (settle) in this way. 能力提升——读后续写生动表达 ③当我走进教室，我看见他在埋头读书。(see的复合结构) When I walked into the classroom, ________________________． 答案 ①hanging　②settled　③I saw him buried in reading 冠词 单句语法填空 1．May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ________ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019.To celebrate ________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.[2022·全国乙卷] 2．________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.[2022·全国甲卷] 3．The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening ________ (it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea.[2022·全国乙卷] 4．Since people can't always eat out or cook for ________ (they), they get takeout or order delivery.[2022·北京卷] [感悟]　语法填空三谨记 1．判断特指还是泛指 (1)若空格后有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定冠词a/an； (2)若发现空格后有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑定冠词the； (3)看看是否是固定搭配典例。 2．分析句子结构，发现名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般是填介词。 3．分析句子结构，发现指代上文中所提到的人或物时，应考虑用相应的代词。代词分为有提示词、无提示词代词两种形式。 考点多维突破 一、冠词 考点一 不定冠词的3种基本用法及2种灵活用法 3种基本用法 1．表示类指，或指某类中的任何一个。 It is generally accepted that a boy must learn to stand up and fight like a man. 人们普遍认为男孩儿必须学会站起来并像个男子汉一样去奋斗。 2．表示泛指，说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词。 It was a cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across the night sky. 那是一个寒冷的冬夜，月亮在夜空中闪耀着。 3．表示量指，不定冠词表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有one强烈。 Rome was not built in a day． 罗马非一日建成。/冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。 2种灵活用法 ①表示“某一个”，相当于some/a certain。 A Mr Brown came to see you just now. 刚才有一位布朗先生来找你了。 ②“a(n)＋序数词”表示“又一，再一”；“a most＋形容词”表示“非常，很……”。 He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get a second chance in the long jump. 他在跳高比赛中没有赢得金牌，但是在跳远比赛中他还有一次(获得金牌的)机会。 考点二 定冠词的5种基本用法 1.特指某人或某事。 Yesterday John's father bought him a new bike. The bike cost him 200 yuan. 昨天约翰的父亲给他买了一辆新自行车。这辆自行车花了他200元。 2．用在含有普通名词的专有名词前，或与世界上独一无二的事物连用。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起，在西方落下。 3．用在序数词和形容词、副词最高级及only, very, same等之前。 Could you give me some advice on the best way to solve the problem? 你能就解决这个问题的最好办法给我一些建议吗？ 4．用在表示计量的名词前，如by the hour, by the day, by the week, by the dozen, by the yard等，但是如果表示单位的名词为不可数名词，之前不用冠词，如by weight/height等。 —It's said John will get a job paying over $60，000 a year. ——据说约翰会得到一份年薪超过60 000美元的工作。 —Right, he will also get paid by the week． ——是的，而且会按周付薪。 5．某些形容词前面加定冠词，表示某类人或物。 The injured were taken to the nearest hospital without delay.受伤的人被立刻送到了最近的医院。 考点三 冠词在短语中的习惯用法 1.含不定冠词的固定搭配 have a knowledge/an understanding of　　了解 have a good view of 饱览 in a hurry 匆忙地 as a result 因此 as a rule 通常 as a whole 总体上 as a matter of fact 事实上 2．含定冠词的固定搭配 make the most/best of 充分利用 in the end 最后 by the way 顺便说一下 in the distance 在远处 in the way 挡道 on the whole 总的来说 3．含零冠词的固定搭配 at present 目前 take part in 参加 in peace 平静 by chance/accident 碰巧 on purpose 故意 on second thoughts 再三考虑 ahead of time 提前 in advance 提前 4．常用的固定词组辨析 考点四 零冠词的3种基本用法 1.在不可数名词或可数名词复数前表示泛指不用冠词。 2．称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、宾语补足语或同位语时，不加冠词。 Dr Peter Spence，headmaster of the school, told us, “A fifth of pupils here go on to further study at Oxford or Cambridge.” 这所学校的校长彼得·斯宾塞告诉我们：“这儿五分之一的学生将继续到牛津大学或剑桥大学深造。” 3．表示时间、节日、季节、三餐、球类运动、语言、学科的名词前不用冠词。 即学即练 单句语法填空 1．So enjoying the flourishing chrysanthemum also becomes ________ essential activity in this festival.[2023·泰安市高考全真模拟] 2．These 24 solar terms were soon absorbed into The Taichu calendar, the first well documented calendar in ________ history of China.[2023·安庆市高三模拟] 3．That led to ________ increasing number of Chinese brands joining the trend and creating a wave of China Chic.[2023·烟台市考前热身] 4．After 82 days, cycling ________ total of 5，600 km, he finally got to Mount Qomolangma, passing through six provinces and regions.[2023·武汉市模拟] 5．In ________ 1920s and 1930s, he collected around 400，000 seeds from five continents.[2023·江苏省连云港市模拟二] 6．Deng joined the PLA Air Force in June 1984 and started training as ________ pilot at a flight college in Hebei province.[2023·高三年级苏州八校三模] 答案 冠词 即学即练 1．答案与解析：an　考查冠词。句意：所以赏菊也成为了节日里一个必不可少的活动。activity是可数名词的单数形式，且表泛指， essential是元音音素开头，故填an。 2．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。句意：这24个节气很快就被编入了中国历史上第一个有记载的历法《太初历法》。根据句意可知，句中特指中国历史上，因此应填定冠词，故填the。 3．答案与解析：an　考查冠词。句意：这导致越来越多的中国品牌加入这一潮流，并掀起了一波“中国风”。根据句意和increasing number of可知，此处应用不定冠词，短语an increasing number of 表示“越来越多……”。 4．答案与解析：a　考查冠词。句意：经过82天的骑行，总共5600公里，他终于到达珠穆朗玛峰，途经六个省和地区。短语a total of 意为“总共”，故填a。 5．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。句意：在20世纪二三十年代，他从五大洲收集了大约40万颗种子。In the 1920s and 1930s在20世纪二三十年代，固定搭配。 6．答案与解析：a　考查冠词。句意：1984年6月，Deng加入中国人民解放军空军，并开始在河北省一所飞行学院接受飞行员训练。后文单数可数名词pilot为泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，故填a。 $$