精品解析：安徽省宣城市2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

宣城市2023-2024学年度第二学期期末调研测试 高一英语试题 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers going to do on Saturday? A. Enjoy a concert. B. Co to the cinema. C. Play computer games. 2. When will the train probably leave? A. At 10:00. B. At 10:30. C. At 10:45. 3. How does the man probably feel? A. Excited. B. Unhappy. C. Surprised. 4. Why does the woman congratulate the man? A. He’s getting married. B. He becomes a doctor. C. He’s just become a father. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A saying. B. A game. C. A heart disease. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where are the speakers? A In a library. B. In the woman’s study. C. In a second-hand bookstore. 7. When will the speakers go on vacation? A. In three days. B. In five days. C. In ten days. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What did Sarah do almost every day during her trip? A. She played the piano. B. She went swimming. C. She did her homework. 9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Guide and tourist. C. Teacher and student. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Who does the man want to talk to? A. Peter Griffin. B. Jane Solomon. C. Maria Fernandez. 11. What does the man need? A. A phone number. B. After-sales service. C. Project information. 12. What does the man do in the end? A. Have lunch with the woman. B. Give the woman his email address. C. Arrange a meeting with the woman. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What does the man probably teach? A. Math. B. History. C. Physics. 14. What does the man think of the girl’s question? A. It’s silly. B. It’s difficult. C. It’s worth asking. 15. What can we learn about Fibonacci? A. He was the best mathematician ever. B. He had poor health throughout his life. C. He put forward a new number sequence. 16. What is the fifth number in the number sequence(顺序)? A. 2. B. 3. C. 5. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What do we know about the weather last week? A. It was dry. B. It was stormy. C. It was cold. 18. What does the speaker suggest doing? A. Driving slowly. B. Avoiding going out. C. Preparing enough food. 19. What can people expect next month? A. Heavy rainfall. B. Extreme cold. C. Strong winds 20. Who is probably Dan? A. A weatherman. B. A sports journalist. C. A finance news host. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Typical desert activities like sandboarding, dune bashing and quad biking With this tour, you’ll have half a day of adventure activities accompanied by skillful coaches in the desert. Tours starting after noon include a BBQ dinner with sweets and fruits, which costs an additional US $ 45/person only. You’ll start your tour by driving to a scenic spot on the top of a tall sand dune (沙丘) for a chance to take photos of the area. On top of a sand dune, you’ll have the chance to slide down the side by sandboarding. From here, you’ll get ready for hitting some dunes in a four-wheel drive vehicle. Next you’ll hop on a quad bike and have time to drive around the desert in the open air. Finally, you’ll have a camel ride around a small part of the desert. What’s included Pickup and drop-off 20 minutes of sandboarding 35 minutes of dune bashing 25 minutes of quad biking 10-minute camel ride Water and soft drinks A drive through a camel farm Additional information Requires a high level of physical fitness. Not suitable for children between 0 and 5. Children under 18 must be accompanied by an adult. 1. How much does a couple need to pay for taking the 14:30 tour? A. US $ 55. B. US $ 110. C. US $ 100. D. US $ 200. 2. What do we know about the tour? A. A camel ride cannot be guaranteed. B Soft drinks must be prepared by visitors. C. The tour has specific requirements for children. D. An additional cost may result from the farm drive. 3. Which is the probable name of the tour in the advertisement? A. Guided Desert Adventure. B. Camps in the Desert. C. Desert Adventure for Free. D. Desert Conservation. B Born in 1958 in Nanning, Guangxi, Huang Danian started to become interested in geophysics early in his childhood. In 1978, Huang was admitted to Changchun Institute of Geology (now Jilin University) to study in the Department of Applied Geophysics. In 1992, Huang went to Britain for further studies. Before going abroad, Huang said, “I will definitely bring back advanced foreign technology!” He earned his doctor’s degree in geophysics four years later, finishing top of his class. He then joined a British geophysical service company in Cambridge as a senior geophysicist. In 2008, Huang decided to give up his position in Britain and returned home with his wife. The decision was neither a random choice nor an impulse. For him, no matter how successful he was abroad, the biggest satisfaction would be improving his home country. Upon his return to China, he was entrusted to work at Jilin University as a full-time professor and chief scientist in a branch of China’s biggest deep earth exploration program. Wasting no time, he holed up in his newly set-up laboratory like crazy, working day and night. Huang worked racing against time, often with only two to three hours of sleep a day. To maximize his research time, he typically caught late - night flights at the last minute for meetings with his team members. His madness paid off. He and his team created a number of China’s No.1s, filling a number of technical gaps for China’s sky survey, ground detection, and sea exploration. Sadly, Huang began fainting frequently while working tirelessly for his dream. He was later found to have cancer, with tumors spreading to his stomach and liver. Obviously, as he was constantly working, he missed the key window for treatment. On January 8, 2017, at the age of 58, Huang closed his eyes forever. A bright star of science fell, leaving the science community in grief. Patriotism had been rooted deeply in Huang’s bones. As a strategic scientist, he fulfilled his dream of rejuvenating (使更有活力) the Chinese nation with his exceptional achievements. 4. What can we learn about Huang Dalian from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of geography when he was young. B. He desired to make contributions to his homeland C He went back to China from abroad just by accident D. He earned his doctor’s degree in geophysics in China. 5. What does the underlined phrase “paid off” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Got rewarded. B. Got relieved. C. Got refreshed. D. Got recorded. 6. Why did Huang miss the golden chance of treatment? A. Because he passed out more frequently. B. Because he refused to have a thorough checkup. C. Because the tumors in his body spread too quickly. D. Because he devoted himself to his work continuously. 7. What can we learn from Huang’s story? A. Experience is the mother of science. B. Science is not a belief, but a method. C. Science has no borders, but scientists have their homelands. D. The seeds of science are for the harvest of the people’s growth. C Located in the centre of Amsterdam’s Zuidas business district a cutting-edge new office building has officially opened. The developer behind it, Dutch firm OVG, liked it so much that they moved in when it was finished. The Edge office building prides itself on good coffee, lots of natural light—no desk is far from a window—and a gym that allows you not just to get fit but also to contribute to the energy supply of the office. It also flushes its toilets with rainwater, has a robot security guard that will protect you if you wander around at night and a whole range of clever technologies to make the building sustainable. Workers can control the temperature, lighting and curtains via a series of apps on their smart phones and work is ongoing to unify them. Users select the temperature they want from a sliding gauge on their phones. Workers can also use one of the apps to book meeting rooms, open lockers and check in to their desks. Each floor of the office is laid out exactly the same, making it the perfect hot-desking environment. It should in theory mean the firm can allocate desks—if people used the app. But actually it is not the case. People want to go to the same place every day and sit with their peers. Neither is the app-based system to book meeting rooms running entirely smoothly. Many people don’t use it effectively. However, there is no doubting The Edge’s green qualifications, The building is doing its bit to encourage its workers to go greener, There is a huge space for bikes and a whole wall dedicated to electric car charging points in the underground car park. Both Deloitte, the building’s main renter, and OVG, the developer, are open about the fact that The Edge is an experimental project and that not everything has worked. One of its biggest challenges is making sense of the mountains of data generated by the sensors. 8. Which of the following is The Edge office building proud of? A. A dutiful guard. B. A special gym. C. Modern desks. D. Developer OVG. 9. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The great convenience of smartphones. B. The efficiency of workers’ jobs. C. The application of intelligent technology. D. The importance of saving energy. 10. What is people’s attitude toward the hot-desking environment? A. Dissatisfied. B. Supportive. C. Unconcerned. D. Unclear. 11. For The Edge office building, what might the author continue talking about? A. Its appeal. B. Its style. C. Its profits. D. Its problems. D Two months ago, Daisy Greenwell and Clare Ferneyhough set up a Whatsapp group to discuss how to reduce their young children’s demands for smartphones. After they posted out their plans on Instagram, other parents wanted in. Now their group, Smartphone-Free Childhood, has more than 60 ,000 followers debating how to keep their children away from the demon-devices. This group , based in Britain , is not the only one worried about children’s screen time. Last month the state of Florida passed a law banning social media for under-14s. Britain’s government is reportedly considering a ban on mobile-phone sales to under-l6s. In the debate, two things are fairly clear. First, smartphones and social media have become a big part of childhood. By the age of 12 nearly every child has a phone, according to research in Britain. Once they get one, social media is how they spend most of their screen time. American teens spend nearly five hours a day on social apps. Second, most agree that in much of the rich world there has been a decline in mental health among the young. The share of American teenagers reporting at least one “major depressive period” in the past year has increased by more than 150% since 2010. Across 17 mostly rich countries, there has been a sharp increase in suicide among teenage girls and young women. Some studies also suggest that children who spend more time on social media have poorer mental health than those who don’t. There are some signs that, while experts consider how to control the worst of social media, ordinary users are working out how to do so themselves. Posting about oneself in public is becoming less common: last year only 28% of Americans said they enjoyed documenting their life online, down from 40% in 2020, according to Gartner, a research firm. As middle-aged folk identify the problems with the social networks they grew up with, youngsters may already be moving on. 12. What is the main purpose of the Whatsapp group? A. To discuss the wide spread of smartphones. B. To encourage parents to post plans on Instagram. C. To promote the use of social media among children. D. To help parents reduce their children’s screen time. 13. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. British children under 12 don’t have smartphones. B. Social media controls the life of a child owning a smartphone. C. Young people in the rich world have better mental health than before. D. The British government has banned mobile-phones sales to under-16s. 14. What is the trend among ordinary users of social media according to the article? A. Increasing their screen time slightly. B. Becoming less active on social media. C. Posting more about themselves publicly. D. Enjoying documenting their life online more. 15. Which of the following can serve as the best title for the text? A. The rise of screen use among children. B. The heated debate over social media bans. C. Screen time is destroying children. D. Mental health of teenagers is declining. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Walk of Life Putting one foot in front of another is simple, convenient and great for body and mind. ____16____ ◆Make it a habit Set a goal of 30 minutes five days a week. If you walk quickly, this will give you your recommended 150 minutes a week of moderate exercise, bringing you better fitness and the mental health benefits of beingoutdoors. ____17____ ◆Warm up and down Start every walk with five minutes at an easy pace to get your body warmed up and do the same thing again at the end. This allows your heart rate to speed up and slow down gradually. ◆Walk and talk Stepping out regularly with a partner, friend or family member is much more fun than going it alone. ____18____ Or make that long catch-up call when you’re out and about. ◆____19____To keep your walk interesting, increase your pace every ten to 15 minutes and do a three-minute surge. Imagine you’ re trying to catch up with someone ahead. Climb up a hill from time to time for a challenge. To burn fat, do some bursts of fast walking early on in your walk. ◆Climb the stairs instead ____20____ Fancy a change? You’ll get the same heart health benefits walking up and down stairs for two minutes five times a day as you would get from a longer time spent tramping on a level surface. A. Vary the pace. B. Divide your walks. C. You may be worried about raining. D. But how do you make the most of every step? E. It will also inspire you when you’ re not feeling eager. F. Keep your head straight with eyes forward and shoulders relaxed. G. Start your day with a walk and you’ll be making sure you find the time to exercise. 第三部分 英语语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。 Steven took his 7-year-old son Alex and 4-year-old daughter Mia out on his boat for fishing and fun. But in the blink of an eye, things took a terrifying ____21____ when a strong current suddenly swept through, causing Mid to ____22____ her hold on the boat. While Mia wore a life jacket, Alex did not. But as the current pulled his sister away, Alex wasn’t going to leave her alone. He, too, let go of the ____23____ and swam toward his sister. Realizing the danger, Steven ____24____ jumped into the water and tried to help his kids. But the strong current made it difficult even for him. So he told Alex to swim to shore while he tried to ____25____ Mia. “I told them both I loved them because I wasn’t sure what was going to ____26____,” Steven recalled. “I tried to ____27____ Mia as long as I could. But finally I ____28____ myself out, and she drifted away (漂走) from me.” Alex followed his dad’s ____29____ and headed for the shore. But it was no easy task. “The current was going the ____30____ way,” he explained. This little boy spent an hour ____31____ his way back to land. He swam more than a mile. Once he finally made it to the ____32____ the boy ran to the first house he could find and begged for ____33____. From there, Jacksonville authorities ____34____ and rescued Steven and his daughter. Alex, the brave and ____35____ little boy saved his sister and dad. If not for him, it would have been a different story. 21. A. hit B. stop C. risk D. turn 22. A. find B. release C. escape D. regain 23. A. boat B. jacket C. fish D. current 24. A. unusually B. instantly C. suddenly D. unexpectedly 25. A. recycle B. remove C. rescue D. request 26. A. happen B. flood C. exit D. disappear 27. A. relate to B. stick with C. wait for D. count on 28. A. acted B. drew C. stretched D. wore 29. A. example B. footsteps C. guidance D. explanation 30. A. original B. obvious C. opposite D. orderly 31. A. clearing B. fighting C. picking D. changing 32. A. hospital B. house C. shelter D. shore 33. A. help B. relief C. permission D. security 34. A. cut in B. looked out C. showed off D. took over 35. A. curious B. honest C. tough D. confident 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 To ensure the health of the human body, we usually rely on a well-balanced diet. Once sick, we have to rely on medicine. Since ancient times, the Chinese people ____36____ (believe) that food and medicine are of the same source, that is, food is at the same time medicine. Simply put, food in general has a certain potential ____37____ (prevent) or treat illness. Through different diets, people with different constitutions can improve ____38____ (they) fitness, and prevent them from or decrease their chances of getting illness. Different foods, when ____39____ (eat) together, can have different effects ____40____ the body. Similarly people in different physical conditions can have different responses to food. As a result, food can ____41____ (sort) as either appropriate or inappropriate. There is ____42____ wealth of knowledge and experience in China about the ____43____ (combine) of different kinds of food, and inappropriate food for certain situations. ____44____ (addition), Chinese people take natural medicine as an ingredient of a dish to help treat illness and improve health. Such food is called medicinal diet, ____45____ is used to prevent and treat illnesses. 第四部分 写作(共两节;满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，听闻《中国日报》（China Daily）为了宣传中国传统文化，正在招募志愿者向海外介绍中国著名历史文化景点，你很想参加本次宣传活动，请你就此事给报社写一封英文申请信，内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.自荐理由； 3.申请参与。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir/Madam, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Javon was the shortest kid in the class. It had been that way since the third grade. He’d had to ask to get his gym locker changed so that he didn’t have to struggle so much to reach it. For most kids, being short would be a problem, but Javon didn’t let being short bother him at all. That was Javon’s attitude about most things except school work. And Javon had worked hard. By the middle of seventh grade Javon was one of the top kids in the class. So, he hadn’t been too concerned when Mr. T announced they were starting a new unit in math. For Javon, math used to be easy. He figured that since he had ten fingers, he could do most of it. But when Mr. T threw letters into math problems, he couldn’t wrap his mind around using these letters. Mr. T had given them all sorts of rules for what to do when there were letters in math problems. But Javon couldn’t remember what they all were and he didn’t think he even understood the rules he did remember. Soon he was hopelessly lost in math class. Even worse, it was time for the class to take the chapter test. The test was quite demanding. Javon was confused by the very first question. He was nervous and kept losing track of what he was doing. When the class period ended, he hadn’t finished all of the problems. The day came when the class finally got their papers back. Seeing “D” written in red in k on the corner of the paper, he felt desperate. In the seat next to him, Tyler sighed slightly, catching Javon’s attention. He couldn’t help but see the big, red “C” on Tyler’s paper. He felt so upset. When they started packing up to leave after class, Tyler accidentally told Javon he got extra time on all the math tests. Upon hearing this, Javon burst out, “It was unfair!” He dropped his books, face hot. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At this very moment, Mr. T came up to see what happened to them. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Eventually, Javon came to understand Tyler had a reading disorder and began to reflect on why he himself struggles with math. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 ACBCA 6-10 CABAC 11-15 CBACC 16-20 BACBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 宣城市2023-2024学年度第二学期期末调研测试 高一英语试题 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers going to do on Saturday? A. Enjoy a concert. B. Co to the cinema. C. Play computer games. 2. When will the train probably leave? A. At 10:00. B. At 10:30. C. At 10:45. 3. How does the man probably feel? A. Excited. B. Unhappy. C. Surprised. 4. Why does the woman congratulate the man? A. He’s getting married. B. He becomes a doctor. C. He’s just become a father. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A saying. B. A game. C. A heart disease. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where are the speakers? A. In a library. B. In the woman’s study. C. In a second-hand bookstore. 7. When will the speakers go on vacation? A. In three days. B. In five days. C. In ten days. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What did Sarah do almost every day during her trip? A. She played the piano. B. She went swimming. C. She did her homework. 9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Guide and tourist. C. Teacher and student. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Who does the man want to talk to? A. Peter Griffin. B. Jane Solomon. C. Maria Fernandez. 11. What does the man need? A. A phone number. B. After-sales service. C. Project information. 12. What does the man do in the end? A. Have lunch with the woman. B. Give the woman his email address. C. Arrange a meeting with the woman. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What does the man probably teach? A. Math. B. History. C. Physics. 14. What does the man think of the girl’s question? A. It’s silly. B. It’s difficult. C. It’s worth asking. 15. What can we learn about Fibonacci? A. He was the best mathematician ever. B. He had poor health throughout his life. C. He put forward a new number sequence. 16. What is the fifth number in the number sequence(顺序)? A. 2. B. 3. C. 5. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What do we know about the weather last week? A. It was dry. B. It was stormy. C. It was cold. 18. What does the speaker suggest doing? A. Driving slowly. B. Avoiding going out. C. Preparing enough food. 19. What can people expect next month? A. Heavy rainfall. B. Extreme cold. C. Strong winds 20. Who is probably Dan? A. A weatherman. B. A sports journalist. C. A finance news host. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Typical desert activities like sandboarding, dune bashing and quad biking With this tour, you’ll have half a day of adventure activities accompanied by skillful coaches in the desert. Tours starting after noon include a BBQ dinner with sweets and fruits, which costs an additional US $ 45/person only. You’ll start your tour by driving to a scenic spot on the top of a tall sand dune (沙丘) for a chance to take photos of the area. On top of a sand dune, you’ll have the chance to slide down the side by sandboarding. From here, you’ll get ready for hitting some dunes in a four-wheel drive vehicle. Next you’ll hop on a quad bike and have time to drive around the desert in the open air. Finally, you’ll have a camel ride around a small part of the desert. What’s included Pickup and drop-off 20 minutes of sandboarding 35 minutes of dune bashing 25 minutes of quad biking 10-minute camel ride Water and soft drinks A drive through a camel farm Additional information Requires a high level of physical fitness. Not suitable for children between 0 and 5. Children under 18 must be accompanied by an adult. 1. How much does a couple need to pay for taking the 14:30 tour? A. US $ 55. B. US $ 110. C. US $ 100. D. US $ 200. 2. What do we know about the tour? A. A camel ride cannot be guaranteed. B. Soft drinks must be prepared by visitors. C. The tour has specific requirements for children. D. An additional cost may result from the farm drive. 3. Which is the probable name of the tour in the advertisement? A. Guided Desert Adventure. B. Camps in the Desert. C. Desert Adventure for Free. D. Desert Conservation. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要宣传了一次充满刺激和乐趣的沙漠冒险活动，并详细介绍了活动的内容、包含的项目以及参与者需要注意的事项。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据图片中的14:30和From US $55和第一段的“Tours starting after noon include a BBQ dinner with sweets and fruits, which costs an additional US $ 45/person only.(中午之后开始的旅游包括有糖果和水果的烧烤晚餐，每人只需额外支付45美元。)”可知，一对夫妇参加14:30的旅行需要付的钱是$55*2+$45*2=$200。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Additional information部分的“Not suitable for children between 0 and 5. Children under 18 must be accompanied by an adult.(不适合0 - 5岁儿童。18岁以下的儿童必须由成人陪同。)”可知，这次旅行对儿童有特殊要求。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据题目“Typical desert activities like sandboarding, dune bashing and quad biking(典型的沙漠活动，如沙板，沙丘冲击和四轮自行车)”和第一段“With this tour, you’ll have half a day of adventure activities accompanied by skillful coaches in the desert.(在这次旅行中，您将在熟练的教练的陪同下在沙漠中进行半天的冒险活动。)”可知，这次旅行是在沙漠中的冒险活动，因此广告中的旅行的名称可能是A选项“Guided Desert Adventure.(有向导带领的沙漠探险活动)”。故选A。 B Born in 1958 in Nanning, Guangxi, Huang Danian started to become interested in geophysics early in his childhood. In 1978, Huang was admitted to Changchun Institute of Geology (now Jilin University) to study in the Department of Applied Geophysics. In 1992, Huang went to Britain for further studies. Before going abroad, Huang said, “I will definitely bring back advanced foreign technology!” He earned his doctor’s degree in geophysics four years later, finishing top of his class. He then joined a British geophysical service company in Cambridge as a senior geophysicist. In 2008, Huang decided to give up his position in Britain and returned home with his wife. The decision was neither a random choice nor an impulse. For him, no matter how successful he was abroad, the biggest satisfaction would be improving his home country. Upon his return to China, he was entrusted to work at Jilin University as a full-time professor and chief scientist in a branch of China’s biggest deep earth exploration program. Wasting no time, he holed up in his newly set-up laboratory like crazy, working day and night. Huang worked racing against time, often with only two to three hours of sleep a day. To maximize his research time, he typically caught late - night flights at the last minute for meetings with his team members. His madness paid off. He and his team created a number of China’s No.1s, filling a number of technical gaps for China’s sky survey, ground detection, and sea exploration. Sadly Huang began fainting frequently while working tirelessly for his dream. He was later found to have cancer, with tumors spreading to his stomach and liver. Obviously, as he was constantly working, he missed the key window for treatment. On January 8, 2017, at the age of 58, Huang closed his eyes forever. A bright star of science fell, leaving the science community in grief. Patriotism had been rooted deeply in Huang’s bones. As a strategic scientist, he fulfilled his dream of rejuvenating (使更有活力) the Chinese nation with his exceptional achievements. 4. What can we learn about Huang Dalian from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of geography when he was young. B. He desired to make contributions to his homeland C. He went back to China from abroad just by accident D. He earned his doctor’s degree in geophysics in China. 5. What does the underlined phrase “paid off” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Got rewarded. B. Got relieved. C. Got refreshed. D. Got recorded. 6. Why did Huang miss the golden chance of treatment? A. Because he passed out more frequently. B. Because he refused to have a thorough checkup. C. Because the tumors in his body spread too quickly. D. Because he devoted himself to his work continuously. 7. What can we learn from Huang’s story? A. Experience is the mother of science. B. Science is not a belief, but a method. C. Science has no borders, but scientists have their homelands. D. The seeds of science are for the harvest of the people’s growth. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了中国著名地球物理学家黄大年的一生和贡献。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“I will definitely bring back advanced foreign technology!(我一定要把国外的先进技术带回来！)”和第二段“For him, no matter how successful he was abroad, the biggest satisfaction would be improving his home country.(对他来说，无论他在国外有多成功，最大的满足感将是改善他的祖国)”可知，黄大年渴望为祖国做出贡献。故选B。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“He and his team created a number of China’s No.1s, filling a number of technical gaps for China’s sky survey, ground detection, and sea exploration.(他和他的团队创造了许多中国第一，填补了中国天空测量，地面探测和海洋探测的一些技术空白。)”可知，他的疯狂得到了回报，划线短语paid off的意思是“得到回报”，和got rewarded意思相近。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Obviously, as he was constantly working, he missed the key window for treatment.(显然，由于他一直在工作，他错过了治疗的关键时机)”可知，黄错过了治疗的黄金机会是因为他一直全身心地投入到工作中。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In 1992, Huang went to Britain for further studies. Before going abroad, Huang said, “I will definitely bring back advanced foreign technology!” He earned his doctor’s degree in geophysics four years later, finishing top of his class. He then joined a British geophysical service company in Cambridge as a senior geophysicist.(1992年，黄赴英国深造。出国前，黄说：“我一定要把国外的先进技术带回来！” 四年后，他以全班第一名的成绩获得了地球物理学博士学位。随后，他加入了位于剑桥的一家英国地球物理服务公司，担任高级地球物理学家)”和第二段“In 2008, Huang decided to give up his position in Britain and returned home with his wife.(2008年，黄决定放弃在英国的职位，和妻子一起回国)”可知，黄在国外获得了地球物理学博士学位，后来毅然回国为国效力，因此我们能从黄的故事中学到科学没有国界，但科学家有自己的家园。故选C。 C Located in the centre of Amsterdam’s Zuidas business district, a cutting-edge new office building has officially opened. The developer behind it, Dutch firm OVG, liked it so much that they moved in when it was finished. The Edge office building prides itself on good coffee, lots of natural light—no desk is far from a window—and a gym that allows you not just to get fit but also to contribute to the energy supply of the office. It also flushes its toilets with rainwater, has a robot security guard that will protect you if you wander around at night and a whole range of clever technologies to make the building sustainable. Workers can control the temperature, lighting and curtains via a series of apps on their smart phones and work is ongoing to unify them. Users select the temperature they want from a sliding gauge on their phones. Workers can also use one of the apps to book meeting rooms, open lockers and check in to their desks. Each floor of the office is laid out exactly the same, making it the perfect hot-desking environment. It should in theory mean the firm can allocate desks—if people used the app. But actually it is not the case. People want to go to the same place every day and sit with their peers. Neither is the app-based system to book meeting rooms running entirely smoothly. Many people don’t use it effectively. However, there is no doubting The Edge’s green qualifications, The building is doing its bit to encourage its workers to go greener, There is a huge space for bikes and a whole wall dedicated to electric car charging points in the underground car park. Both Deloitte, the building’s main renter, and OVG, the developer, are open about the fact that The Edge is an experimental project and that not everything has worked. One of its biggest challenges is making sense of the mountains of data generated by the sensors. 8. Which of the following is The Edge office building proud of? A. A dutiful guard. B. A special gym. C. Modern desks. D. Developer OVG. 9. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The great convenience of smartphones. B. The efficiency of workers’ jobs. C. The application of intelligent technology. D. The importance of saving energy. 10. What is people’s attitude toward the hot-desking environment? A. Dissatisfied. B. Supportive. C. Unconcerned. D. Unclear. 11. For The Edge office building, what might the author continue talking about? A. Its appeal. B. Its style. C. Its profits. D. Its problems. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了使用智能科技的Edge办公大楼。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The Edge office building prides itself on good coffee, lots of natural light—no desk is far from a window—and a gym that allows you not just to get fit but also to contribute to the energy supply of the office.( Edge办公大楼以优质的咖啡、充足的自然光——没有一张办公桌离窗户很远——以及一个健身房而自豪，它不仅能让你健身，还能为办公室的能源供应做出贡献。)”可知，Edge办公大楼以一个特殊的健身房为傲。故选B。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段的“Workers can control the temperature, lighting and curtains via a series of apps on their smart phones and work is ongoing to unify them. Users select the temperature they want from a sliding gauge on their phones. Workers can also use one of the apps to book meeting rooms, open lockers and check in to their desks.(员工可以通过智能手机上的一系列应用程序来控制温度、照明和窗帘，工作正在进行中，以统一这些应用程序。用户可以通过手机上的滑动温度计选择自己想要的温度。员工还可以使用其中一个应用程序来预订会议室、打开储物柜和签到办公桌。)”可知，本段主要讲述智能科技的应用。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Each floor of the office is laid out exactly the same, making it the perfect hot-desking environment. It should in theory mean the firm can allocate desks—if people used the app. But actually it is not the case. (该办公室的每一层都布置得一模一样，这使它成为了完美的办公桌轮换使用环境。理论上，这应该意味着公司可以分配办公桌——如果人们使用这款应用的话。但实际上并非如此。)”可知，人们对于办公桌轮换使用环境是不满意的。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Both Deloitte, the building’s main renter, and OVG, the developer, are open about the fact that The Edge is an experimental project and that not everything has worked. One of its biggest challenges is making sense of the mountains of data generated by the sensors.(该大楼的主要租户德勤(Deloitte)和开发商OVG都公开承认，the Edge是一个实验性项目，并非一切都奏效。最大的挑战之一是如何理解传感器产生的海量数据。)”可知，接下来作者可能会讨论这个实验项目的问题。故选D。 D Two months ago, Daisy Greenwell and Clare Ferneyhough set up a Whatsapp group to discuss how to reduce their young children’s demands for smartphones. After they posted out their plans on Instagram, other parents wanted in. Now their group, Smartphone-Free Childhood, has more than 60 ,000 followers debating how to keep their children away from the demon-devices. This group , based in Britain , is not the only one worried about children’s screen time. Last month the state of Florida passed a law banning social media for under-14s. Britain’s government is reportedly considering a ban on mobile-phone sales to under-l6s. In the debate, two things are fairly clear. First, smartphones and social media have become a big part of childhood. By the age of 12 nearly every child has a phone, according to research in Britain. Once they get one, social media is how they spend most of their screen time. American teens spend nearly five hours a day on social apps. Second, most agree that in much of the rich world there has been a decline in mental health among the young. The share of American teenagers reporting at least one “major depressive period” in the past year has increased by more than 150% since 2010. Across 17 mostly rich countries, there has been a sharp increase in suicide among teenage girls and young women. Some studies also suggest that children who spend more time on social media have poorer mental health than those who don’t. There are some signs that, while experts consider how to control the worst of social media, ordinary users are working out how to do so themselves. Posting about oneself in public is becoming less common: last year only 28% of Americans said they enjoyed documenting their life online, down from 40% in 2020, according to Gartner, a research firm. As middle-aged folk identify the problems with the social networks they grew up with, youngsters may already be moving on. 12. What is the main purpose of the Whatsapp group? A. To discuss the wide spread of smartphones. B. To encourage parents to post plans on Instagram. C. To promote the use of social media among children. D. To help parents reduce their children’s screen time. 13. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. British children under 12 don’t have smartphones. B. Social media controls the life of a child owning a smartphone. C Young people in the rich world have better mental health than before. D. The British government has banned mobile-phones sales to under-16s. 14. What is the trend among ordinary users of social media according to the article? A. Increasing their screen time slightly. B. Becoming less active on social media. C. Posting more about themselves publicly. D. Enjoying documenting their life online more. 15. Which of the following can serve as the best title for the text? A. The rise of screen use among children. B. The heated debate over social media bans. C. Screen time is destroying children. D. Mental health of teenagers is declining. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了儿童使用屏幕时间增加的现象，特别是智能手机和社交媒体对儿童的影响。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Two months ago, Daisy Greenwell and Clare Ferneyhough set up a Whatsapp group to discuss how to reduce their young children’s demands for smartphones.”（两个月前，Daisy Greenwell和Clare Ferneyhough建立了一个Whatsapp小组，讨论如何减少他们年幼的孩子对智能手机的需求。）可知，这个Whatsapp小组的主要目的是帮助父母减少他们孩子的屏幕时间。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“In the debate, two things are fairly clear. First, smartphones and social media have become a big part of childhood. By the age of 12 nearly every child has a phone, according to research in Britain. Once they get one, social media is how they spend most of their screen time.”（在这场辩论中，有两件事相当清楚。首先，智能手机和社交媒体已经成为童年的重要组成部分。根据英国的一项研究，到12岁时，几乎每个孩子都有一部手机。一旦他们有了智能手机，他们的大部分屏幕时间都会花在社交媒体上。）可知，拥有智能手机的孩子的生活被社交媒体所控制。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Posting about oneself in public is becoming less common: last year only 28% of Americans said they enjoyed documenting their life online, down from 40% in 2020, according to Gartner, a research firm.”（在公共场合发布个人信息正变得越来越不常见：根据研究公司高德纳(Gartner)的数据，去年只有28%的美国人表示他们喜欢在网上记录自己的生活，比2020年的40%有所下降。）可知，普通用户使用社交媒体的趋势是减少在社交媒体上的活跃度。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其结合第一段中“Now their group, Smartphone-Free Childhood, has more than 60 ,000 followers debating how to keep their children away from the demon-devices.”（现在，他们的小组“远离智能手机的童年”有6万多名追随者在讨论如何让他们的孩子远离这些邪恶的设备。）和第三段中“Some studies also suggest that children who spend more time on social media have poorer mental health than those who don’t.”（一些研究还表明，花更多时间在社交媒体上的孩子比不花时间在社交媒体上的孩子心理健康状况更差。）可知，文章介绍了儿童使用屏幕时间增加的现象，特别是智能手机和社交媒体对儿童的危害，故“屏幕时间正在摧毁孩子们”是文章最佳标题。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Walk of Life Putting one foot in front of another is simple, convenient and great for body and mind. ____16____ ◆Make it a habit Set a goal of 30 minutes five days a week. If you walk quickly, this will give you your recommended 150 minutes a week of moderate exercise, bringing you better fitness and the mental health benefits of beingoutdoors. ____17____ ◆Warm up and down Start every walk with five minutes at an easy pace to get your body warmed up and do the same thing again at the end. This allows your heart rate to speed up and slow down gradually. ◆Walk and talk Stepping out regularly with a partner, friend or family member is much more fun than going it alone. ____18____ Or make that long catch-up call when you’re out and about. ◆____19____To keep your walk interesting, increase your pace every ten to 15 minutes and do a three-minute surge. Imagine you’ re trying to catch up with someone ahead. Climb up a hill from time to time for a challenge. To burn fat, do some bursts of fast walking early on in your walk. ◆Climb the stairs instead ____20____ Fancy a change? You’ll get the same heart health benefits walking up and down stairs for two minutes five times a day as you would get from a longer time spent tramping on a level surface. A. Vary the pace. B. Divide your walks. C. You may be worried about raining. D. But how do you make the most of every step? E. It will also inspire you when you’ re not feeling eager. F. Keep your head straight with eyes forward and shoulders relaxed. G. Start your day with a walk and you’ll be making sure you find the time to exercise. 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文的主旨是介绍步行对身体和心理健康的益处，以及提供一些关于如何充分利用步行的建议和技巧。 【16题详解】 上文“Putting one foot in front of another is simple, convenient and great for body and mind.(把一只脚放在另一只脚前面简单、方便，对身心都很好)”说明走路这一行为简单方便且对身体和精神都有好处。空处承上启下，提出如何充分利用每一步的问题，D项中的“every step”和上文中的“Putting one foot in front of another”相呼应，并引出下文中如何最大化步行效益的建议，所以“但是你如何充分利用每一步呢？”符合语境。故选D。 【17题详解】 上文“Set a goal of 30 minutes five days a week. (设定一个每周五天30分钟的目标)”说明设定一个每周五天30分钟的目标。空处给出如何实现目标的策略，即通过将步行安排在一天的开始，可以确保你不会忘记或错过锻炼时间。所以G项“以散步开始你的一天，你会确保有时间锻炼。”符合语境。故选G。 【18题详解】 上文“Stepping out regularly with a partner, friend or family member is much more fun than going it alone.(与伴侣、朋友或家人一起定期外出比独自外出有趣得多)”说明了与他人一起散步的乐趣。空处延续这一主题，进一步说明和其他人散步的好处。E项“当你不感到渴望的时候，它也会激励你。”符合语境。故选E。 【19题详解】 下文“To keep your walk interesting, increase your pace every ten to 15 minutes and do a three-minute surge.(为了保持步行的趣味性，每10到15分钟加快步伐，并做3分钟的冲刺)”说明本段建议变换步速，使走路更有趣。A项“改变步伐”符合语境，适合作本段的主旨句。故选A。 【20题详解】 上文小标题“Climb the stairs instead(爬楼梯代替在平地上走)”表明本段主旨是爬楼梯，下文“Fancy a change?(想要改变一下？)”可知，这是选择爬楼梯的原因之一，C选项“或许你会担心下雨”是选择爬楼梯的另一个原因，适合填在空处，符合语境。故选C。 第三部分 英语语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。 Steven took his 7-year-old son Alex and 4-year-old daughter Mia out on his boat for fishing and fun. But in the blink of an eye, things took a terrifying ____21____ when a strong current suddenly swept through, causing Mid to ____22____ her hold on the boat. While Mia wore a life jacket, Alex did not. But as the current pulled his sister away, Alex wasn’t going to leave her alone. He, too, let go of the ____23____ and swam toward his sister. Realizing the danger, Steven ____24____ jumped into the water and tried to help his kids. But the strong current made it difficult even for him. So he told Alex to swim to shore while he tried to ____25____ Mia. “I told them both I loved them because I wasn’t sure what was going to ____26____,” Steven recalled. “I tried to ____27____ Mia as long as I could. But finally I ____28____ myself out, and she drifted away (漂走) from me.” Alex followed his dad’s ____29____ and headed for the shore. But it was no easy task. “The current was going the ____30____ way” he explained. This little boy spent an hour ____31____ his way back to land. He swam more than a mile. Once he finally made it to the ____32____ the boy ran to the first house he could find and begged for ____33____. From there, Jacksonville authorities ____34____ and rescued Steven and his daughter. Alex, the brave and ____35____ little boy saved his sister and dad. If not for him, it would have been a different story. 21. A. hit B. stop C. risk D. turn 22. A. find B. release C. escape D. regain 23. A. boat B. jacket C. fish D. current 24. A. unusually B. instantly C. suddenly D. unexpectedly 25. A. recycle B. remove C. rescue D. request 26. A. happen B. flood C. exit D. disappear 27. A. relate to B. stick with C. wait for D. count on 28. A. acted B. drew C. stretched D. wore 29. A. example B. footsteps C. guidance D. explanation 30. A. original B. obvious C. opposite D. orderly 31. A. clearing B. fighting C. picking D. changing 32. A. hospital B. house C. shelter D. shore 33. A. help B. relief C. permission D. security 34. A. cut in B. looked out C. showed off D. took over 35. A. curious B. honest C. tough D. confident 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Steven带儿女出海钓鱼，结果遇到了激流，女儿Mia不慎掉入水中，儿子Alex勇敢地去营救妹妹，最终两人成功获救的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但眨眼间，事情发生了一个可怕的转折，一股强流突然席卷过来，导致 Mia松开了抓住船的手。A. hit打击；B. stop停止；C. risk风险；D. turn转变，变化。根据下文“a strong current suddenly swept through”可知，情况发生了突然的变化，糟糕的事发生了。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. find找到；B. release释放，松开；C. escape逃跑；D. regain重新获得。根据下文“But as the current pulled his sister away, Alex wasn’t going to leave her alone.”可知，Mia松开了抓住船的手，被水流冲走了，故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也放开了船，向他的妹妹游去。A. boat船；B. jacket夹克；C. fish鱼；D. current水流。根据上文“But as the current pulled his sister away, Alex wasn’t going to leave her alone.”可知，当水流把他的妹妹冲走时，Alex不会丢下她不管，Alex放开了船，去救他的妹妹。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：意识到危险，Steven立即跳入水中试图帮助他的孩子们。A. unusually不寻常地；B. instantly立即；C. suddenly突然；D. unexpectedly意外地。根据下文“jumped into the water and tried to help his kids”可知，情况紧急，Steven立即跳入水中试图帮助他的孩子，此处强调父亲反应迅速，即刻采取行动。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他让Alex游向岸边，而他自己则尽力去救Mia。A. recycle回收；B. remove移除；C. rescue救援；D. request请求。根据上文的“Realizing the danger, Steven 4 jumped into the water and tried to help his kids.”和下文“I tried to 7 Mia as long as I could.”可知，Steven一直在尽力坚持救Mia，此处指父亲试图营救女儿。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他们两个我爱他们，因为我不确定会发生什么。A. happen发生；B. flood淹没；C. exit退出；D. disappear消失。根据上文的“I told them both I loved them because I wasn’t sure what was going to”可知，父亲不确定会发生什么，尤其是怕不好的事情发生，所以表达爱意。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我尽可能长时间地和Mia待在一起。A. relate to涉及；B. stick with坚持与……在一起；C. wait for等待；D. count on依赖。根据下文的“Mia as long as I could. But finally I 8 myself out, and she drifted away (漂走) from me.”可知，此处指父亲尽力与女儿保持在一起。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最后我耗尽了体力，她从我身边漂走了。A. acted行动；B. drew牵引；C. stretched拉伸；D. wore使疲乏。根据下文的“myself out, and she drifted away (漂走) from me.”可知，此处指父亲体力耗尽，用wear oneself out表示“使自己筋疲力尽”。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Alex遵照父亲的指示，朝岸边游去。A. example例子；B. footsteps脚步；C. guidance指导，指示；D. explanation解释。根据下文的“and headed for the shore”可知，此处指儿子按照父亲的指示行事。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：水流的方向是相反的。A. original原始的；B. obvious明显的；C. opposite相反的；D. orderly有序的。根据上文的“But it was no easy task. “The current was going the”可知，此处说明Alex游的很艰难，因为水流方向不利于他，水流的方向是相反的。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个小男孩花了一个小时奋力游回陆地。A. clearing清理；B. fighting斗争；C. picking挑选；D. changing改变。根据上文的“But it was no easy task”和下文的“his way back to land”可知，小男孩奋力游回陆地，此处fighting his way back表示“奋力挣扎着返回”。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦他终于到达岸边，男孩就跑到他能找到的第一所房子，恳求帮助。A. hospital医院；B. house房子；C. shelter避难所；D. shore岸边。根据上文的“He swam more than a mile. Once he finally made it to the”可知，此处指Alex成功游回岸边。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. help帮助；B. relief宽慰；C. permission允许；D. security安全。根据上文的“the boy ran to the first house he could find and begged for”可知，Alex到岸后求助。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那里，Jacksonville当局接手并救出了Steven和他的女儿。A. cut in插嘴；B. looked out当心；C. showed off炫耀；D. took over接管，接手。根据下文的“and rescued Steven and his daughter”可知，此处指当局接手救援工作。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Alex，这个勇敢而坚韧的小男孩，救了他的妹妹和爸爸。A. curious好奇的；B. honest诚实的；C. tough坚韧的；D. confident自信的。根据下文的“little boy saved his sister and dad”可知，Alex救了他的妹妹和爸爸，此处用形容词tough强调Alex面对困难时的坚强不屈。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 To ensure the health of the human body, we usually rely on a well-balanced diet. Once sick, we have to rely on medicine. Since ancient times, the Chinese people ____36____ (believe) that food and medicine are of the same source, that is, food is at the same time medicine. Simply put, food in general has a certain potential ____37____ (prevent) or treat illness. Through different diets, people with different constitutions can improve ____38____ (they) fitness, and prevent them from or decrease their chances of getting illness. Different foods, when ____39____ (eat) together, can have different effects ____40____ the body. Similarly people in different physical conditions can have different responses to food. As a result, food can ____41____ (sort) as either appropriate or inappropriate. There is ____42____ wealth of knowledge and experience in China about the ____43____ (combine) of different kinds of food, and inappropriate food for certain situations. ____44____ (addition), Chinese people take natural medicine as an ingredient of a dish to help treat illness and improve health. Such food is called medicinal diet, ____45____ is used to prevent and treat illnesses. 【答案】36. have believed 37. to prevent 38 their 39. eaten 40. on 41. be sorted 42. a 43. combination 44. Additionally 45. which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了食物与健康的密切关系，特别是中国传统的食物疗法和药膳理念。 【36题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自古以来，中国人就认为食物和药物是同源的，即食物同时也是药物。由Since ancient times可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语people是复数，因此空格处用是have believed。故填have believed。 37题详解】 考查不定式。句意：简单地说，食物一般都有一定的预防或治疗疾病的潜力。potential意为“潜力”，其后用不定式作后置定语，因此空格处是不定式to prevent。故填to prevent。 【38题详解】 考查物主代词。句意：通过不同的饮食，不同体质的人可以改善他们的健康，预防或减少他们生病的机会。they和fitness之间是所属关系，因此空格处用形容词性物主代词their修饰fitness。故填their。 【39题详解】 考查时态，语态，主谓一致和省略。句意：不同的食物一起吃，会对身体产生不同的影响。when引导的时间状语从句表示“当它们被一起吃的时候”，由can可知，句子时态用一般现在时，食物是被吃，因此when引导的时间状语从句中用一般现在时的被动语态，主语foods是复数，因此when引导的从句是when they are eaten together，从句中主语和主句中主语一致，且从句中有be动词时可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是eaten。故填eaten。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：不同的食物一起吃，会对身体产生不同的影响。have different effects on是固定短语，意为“对……有不同的影响”，因此空格处用介词on，故填on。 【41题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：因此，食物可以被分类为合适的或不合适的。食物是被分类，句子用被动语态，空前有情态动词can，因此空格处是be sorted。故填be sorted。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在中国有丰富的知识和经验，关于不同种类的食物的组合，以及在某些情况下不合适的食物。a wealth of是固定短语，意为“大量的”，因此空格处是a，故填a。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：在中国有丰富的知识和经验，关于不同种类的食物的组合，以及在某些情况下不合适的食物。由the和of可知，空格处用名词，combine的名词是combination，意为“结合”，是不可数名词，故填combination。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：此外，中国人把天然药物作为一道菜的配料来帮助治疗疾病和改善健康。空格处用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，addition的副词是additionally，意为“此外”，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Additionally。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这种食物被称为药膳，是用来预防和治疗疾病的。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词medicinal diet是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。 第四部分 写作(共两节;满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，听闻《中国日报》（China Daily）为了宣传中国传统文化，正在招募志愿者向海外介绍中国著名历史文化景点，你很想参加本次宣传活动，请你就此事给报社写一封英文申请信，内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.自荐理由； 3.申请参与。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir/Madam, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir/Madam, I’m so excited to hear that China Daily is in need of some volunteers to introduce Chinese culture overseas that I can’t wait to apply for the position. As a citizen, it’s my responsibility to make Chinese historical and cultural attractions known to the whole world. In addition, with an outgoing and open-minded personality, it’s easy for me to get along well with others. Last but not least, I have been to numerous famous scenic spots and my hometown is a famous historical and cultural city, where I often act as a volunteer tour guide to show foreign tourists around, from which I’ve gained relevant experience. So, I firmly believe that I’m the very person you’re looking for. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration and reply at your earliest convenience. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封申请信，申请成为《中国日报》宣传活动的志愿者，内容包括：写信目的；自荐理由；申请参与。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 兴奋的：excited→thrilled 责任：responsibility→duty 与……和睦相处：get along well with→get on well with/be on good terms with 考虑：take…into consideration→take…into account 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：In addition, with an outgoing and open-minded personality, it’s easy for me to get along well with others. 拓展句：In addition, with an outgoing and open-minded personality, it’s easy that I can get along well with others. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m so excited to hear that China Daily is in need of some volunteers to introduce Chinese culture overseas that I can’t wait to apply for the position.(使用了so…that…引导结果状语从句，不定式分别作原因状语、目的状语、宾语) 【高分句型2】Last but not least, I have been to numerous famous scenic spots and my hometown is a famous historical and cultural city, where I often act as a volunteer tour guide to show foreign tourists around, from which I’ve gained relevant experience. (使用了第一个and连接并列句、where引导非限制性定语从句、不定式作目的状语、from which引导非限制性定语从句) 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Javon was the shortest kid in the class. It had been that way since the third grade. He’d had to ask to get his gym locker changed so that he didn’t have to struggle so much to reach it. For most kids, being short would be a problem, but Javon didn’t let being short bother him at all. That was Javon’s attitude about most things except school work. And Javon had worked hard. By the middle of seventh grade, Javon was one of the top kids in the class. So, he hadn’t been too concerned when Mr. T announced they were starting a new unit in math. For Javon, math used to be easy. He figured that since he had ten fingers, he could do most of it. But when Mr. T threw letters into math problems, he couldn’t wrap his mind around using these letters. Mr. T had given them all sorts of rules for what to do when there were letters in math problems. But Javon couldn’t remember what they all were and he didn’t think he even understood the rules he did remember. Soon he was hopelessly lost in math class. Even worse, it was time for the class to take the chapter test. The test was quite demanding. Javon was confused by the very first question. He was nervous and kept losing track of what he was doing. When the class period ended, he hadn’t finished all of the problems. The day came when the class finally got their papers back. Seeing “D” written in red in k on the corner of the paper, he felt desperate. In the seat next to him, Tyler sighed slightly, catching Javon’s attention. He couldn’t help but see the big, red “C” on Tyler’s paper. He felt so upset. When they started packing up to leave after class, Tyler accidentally told Javon he got extra time on all the math tests. Upon hearing this, Javon burst out, “It was unfair!” He dropped his books, face hot. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At this very moment, Mr. T came up to see what happened to them. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Eventually, Javon came to understand Tyler had a reading disorder and began to reflect on why he himself struggles with math. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 At this very moment, Mr. T came up to see what happened to them. Javon, still feeling frustrated, complained loudly about the unfairness of Tyler receiving additional time for all the math tests. Tyler looked embarrassed and ducked his head, speechless and a little bit ashamed. Mr. T, in a clam voice, explained with patience that Tyler had suffered from a problem — reading disorder, which caused him to have trouble completing the test within the given time. “Occasionally, what we require is just additional assistance. And it’s okay to ask for help.” Mr. T remarked with a comforting smile on his face. Eventually, Javon came to understand Tyler had a reading disorder and began to reflect on why he himself struggles with math. He felt remorseful for his outburst and apologized to both Mr. T and Tyler. Upon contemplating his own struggles with math, Javon came to the realization that everyone faces their own distinct challenges. Therefore, he resolved to seek help from Mr. T after class, who patiently explained the rules and concepts that had confused him. With persistent effort and great determination, Javon experienced gradual enhancement in his math proficiency, just as he had overcome other obstacles in his life. 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了Javon是班里成绩最好的孩子之一，所以，当T老师宣布他们要开设一个新的数学单元时，他并没有太担心。但是在学习新的单元时候，他迷失了方向，记不清规则，导致他在测试的时候得到的成绩是“D”，当他看到Tyler的成绩是“C”而且得知Tyler所有的数学考试都有额外的时间时，他觉得不公平。 【详解】1. 段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“正在这时，T先生走了过来，想看看发生了什么事。”可知，第一段可描写Javon抱怨不公平的原因以及Mr. T的解释。 ②由第二段首句内容“最终，Javon明白了Tyler有阅读障碍，并开始反思为什么他自己在数学上挣扎。”可知，第二段可描写Javon向老师和Tyler道歉，并且通过寻求帮助和自己的努力提高了成绩的过程。 2. 续写线索：Javon感到沮丧——抱怨不公平——Mr. T耐心解释——Javon得知真相——Javon道歉——向Mr. T求助——努力学习——成绩提升 3. 词汇激活 行为类 意识到：come to the realization/be aware of/realize 决定：resolve to do/determine to do 向……寻求帮助：seek assistance from sb./turn to sb. for help 情绪类 感到沮丧的：frustrated/depressed 感到懊悔的：remorseful/compunctious/regretful 【点睛】【高分句型1】Mr. T, in a clam voice, explained with patience that Tyler had suffered from a problem — reading disorder, which caused him to have trouble completing the test within the given time. (运用了that引导的宾语从句以及which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Upon contemplating his own struggles with math, Javon came to the realization that everyone faces their own distinct challenges. (运用了动名词短语作宾语以及that引导同位语从句) 1-5 ACBCA 6-10 CABAC 11-15 CBACC 16-20 BACBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$