Unit 1 Life Choices Lesson 3 课文讲解及句子成分分析知识清单-2024-2025学年高中英语北师大版（2019）必修第一册

Unit 1 Lesson3 课文讲解及句子成分分析 一 .课文及翻译 ： After a long day , Zhang Tian finally got back to his small room , feeling tired . 经过漫长的一天，张天终于回到了他的小房间，感觉非常疲惫。 He had started working at seven in the morning and it was eight in the evening now . 他早上七点就开始工作，现在已经晚上八点钟了。 He had to prepare his lessons for the following day . 他还得为第二天准备课程。 This is a typical day for Zhang Tian . 这是张天的一个典型日子。 Coming to Guizhou Province to teach has been quite an experience for him . 来到贵州省教书对他来说是一次难忘的经历。 Zhang Tian graduated from university and got a teacher ' s certificate last year . 张天去年大学毕业，并获得了教师资格证。 His parents , like most , hoped he would go to a big city to find a teaching job . 他的父母，和大多数人一样，希望他能够去大城市找一份教师的工作。 Likewise , his friends all left his hometown for work in Shanghai or Beijing . 同样，他的朋友们也都离开家乡，去上海或北京工作。 Zhang Tian felt differently , however . 然而，张天的想法却不同。 He wanted to start a new lifestyle . 他想要开始一种新的生活方式。 He had met wonderful teachers from small villages during his early school years and he was inspired by them to go and teach where he was needed the most . 他在小学时期遇到了来自小村庄的优秀教师，并受到他们的启发，决定去最需要他的地方教书。 For that reason he applied ,and became a volunteer teacher in a village school . 出于这个原因，他申请并成为了一名乡村学校的志愿教师。 Bringing with him lots of books , clothes , and two pairs of trainers , Zhang Tian travelled to the village with an eager heart . 张天带着许多书籍、衣服和两双运动鞋，怀着热切的心情前往乡村。 He imagined all sorts of exciting things about living independently and teaching in a village . 他想象着在乡村独立生活和教学的各种激动人心的事情。 However , not everything lived up to Zhang Tian ' s hopes . 然而，并不是所有的事情都符合张天的期望。 The school was much smaller than he had expected , with only three classrooms . 学校比他预想的要小得多，只有三间教室。 In front of the classrooms , there was a playground which got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days . 教室前面有一个操场，风大的时候会尘土飞扬，下雨的时候会变得泥泞不堪。 Living in the village was also more challenging than he had thought . 在乡村的生活也比他想象的更具挑战性。 The power and water supplies were unstable , so he could only shower every three or four days , and he had to learn how to cook . 电力和水的供应都不稳定，所以他只能每三到四天洗一次澡，而且他还必须学会做饭。 The thought of leaving once flashed through his mind , but he quickly gave up the idea and found ways to deal with the challenges . 离开的念头曾经在他脑海中一闪而过，但他很快就放弃了这个想法，并找到了应对挑战的方法。 The school had just three teachers and Zhang Tian was the only English teacher . 学校只有三名教师，张天是唯一的英语老师。 The other two local teachers were responsible for maths and Chinese . 其他两名当地教师负责数学和语文。 To make school life healthier and livelier for his students , Zhang Tian introduced more subjects to the school - music , art and PE . 为了让学生的学校生活更健康、更生动，张天给学校引入了更多科目——音乐、艺术和体育。 It is not surprising that PE is the kids ' favourite subject ! 体育是孩子们最喜欢的科目也就不足为奇了！ Their school lives are now more attractive and interesting , and they enjoy playing football in the playground , as well as singing songs they ' ve learnt . 他们的学校生活现在变得更加有吸引力和有趣，他们喜欢在操场上踢足球，也喜欢唱他们学过的歌。 The school is now full of laughter and music . 现在学校里充满了欢声笑语和音乐。 Zhang Tian is planning to organise the first - ever school concert ! Everyone is very excited . 张天正计划组织有史以来的第一场学校音乐会！每个人都非常兴奋。 Zhang Tian ' s first year is almost over . 张天的第一年即将结束。 It has been a tough year , but he has enjoyed working with the children . 这是艰难的一年，但他很享受和孩子们一起工作的时光。 What made him feel satisfied was that his students were able to read , speak and write in English , and they became more confident in learning . 让他感到满意的是，他的学生能够阅读、说和写英语，并且他们在学习上变得更加自信。 Besides teaching , Zhang Tian also brought changes to the village . 除了教学之外，张天还给村庄带来了变化。 He contacted charity organisations about rebuilding the playground and setting up a library , and helped the villagers sell local products online . 他联系了慈善组织，商讨重建操场和建立图书馆的事宜，并帮助村民在网上销售当地产品。 The contribution he made to the village was great , so he became very popular among the villagers and they treated him as one of them . 他对村庄的贡献是巨大的，所以他在村民中非常受欢迎，他们把他当作自己人。 The village is like his second home now . 现在这个村庄就像是他的第二个家。 Although he had only intended to stay for one year , he now feels ready to stay for another year . 虽然他原本只打算待一年，但现在他觉得自己已经准备好再待一年了。 He feels so happy that he followed his heart when choosing what to do with his life , even though it may not be what others expected of him . 他很高兴自己在选择人生道路时能够追随自己的内心，即使这可能不是别人对他所期望的。 二 .课文句子成分分析及知识点 ： 1. After a long day, Zhang Tian finally got back to his small room, feeling tired. 句子成分分析: 主句: Zhang Tian finally got back to his small room. 主语: Zhang Tian 谓语: got back 状语: finally 宾语: to his small room 时间状语: After a long day 伴随状语: feeling tired (现在分词短语作伴随状语，描述Zhang Tian的状态) 知识点: after引导的时间状语从句 get back to (回到) feeling tired为现在分词短语作伴随状语 短语及拓展: a long day: 漫长的一天 get back to sb/sth: 回到某人/某处 feel tired: 感到疲惫 finally: 终于 (副词，常用于句末或句中加强语气) 2. He had started working at seven in the morning and it was eight in the evening now. 句子成分分析: 并列句: 第一个分句: He had started working at seven in the morning. 主语: He 谓语: had started 宾语: working 时间状语: at seven in the morning 第二个分句: it was eight in the evening now. 主语: it 谓语: was 表语: eight 时间状语: in the evening now 知识点: 过去完成时 (had done) it was + 时间点 (表示某个时刻) 短语及拓展: start working: 开始工作 in the morning: 在早上 in the evening: 在晚上 now: 现在 (常用于句末，表示当前时间或状态) 3. He had to prepare his lessons for the following day. 句子成分分析: 主语: He 谓语: had to prepare 宾语: his lessons 目的状语: for the following day 知识点: have to do sth. (不得不做某事) for the following day (为了接下来的日子) 短语及拓展: prepare one's lessons: 准备某人的课程 the following day: 接下来的日子 (或第二天) 4. This is a typical day for Zhang Tian. 句子成分分析: 主语: This 谓语: is 表语: a typical day 介词短语: for Zhang Tian (描述day的归属或对象) 知识点: This is... (这是...) 的句型结构 for sb. (对某人来说) 短语及拓展: a typical day: 典型的一天 for sb.: 对某人来说 5. Coming to Guizhou Province to teach has been quite an experience for him. 句子成分分析: 主语: Coming to Guizhou Province to teach 谓语: has been 表语: quite an experience 介词短语: for him (描述experience的受益者) 知识点: 动名词短语作主语 (Coming to Guizhou Province to teach) 现在完成时 (has been) quite an experience (相当丰富的经历) 短语及拓展: come to do sth.: 来做某事 quite an experience: 相当丰富的经历 for sb.: 对某人来说 6. Zhang Tian graduated from university and got a teacher's certificate last year. 句子成分分析： 主语：Zhang Tian 谓语：graduated from university and got 宾语：a teacher's certificate 时间状语：last year 知识点： 动词短语：graduate from（从...毕业） 并列句：由and连接两个并列的谓语 冠词使用：a（不定冠词，表示“一个”） 短语及拓展： teacher's certificate（教师资格证） graduate from university（大学毕业） last year（去年） 7. His parents, like most, hoped he would go to a big city to find a teaching job. 句子成分分析： 主语：His parents 谓语：hoped 宾语从句：he would go to a big city to find a teaching job 插入语：like most 知识点： 宾语从句：由连接词that（省略）引导，表示父母的希望 插入语：like most，表示“像大多数人一样” 短语及拓展： go to a big city（去大城市） find a teaching job（找一份教师工作） like most（像大多数人一样） 8. Likewise, his friends all left his hometown for work in Shanghai or Beijing. 句子成分分析： 主语：his friends 谓语：left 宾语：his hometown 目的状语：for work in Shanghai or Beijing 副词：all, likewise 知识点： 并列连词：or（表示选择） 副词用法：likewise（同样地），all（全部） 短语及拓展： leave one's hometown（离开家乡） for work（为了工作） in Shanghai or Beijing（在上海或北京） 9. Zhang Tian felt differently, however. 句子成分分析： 主语：Zhang Tian 谓语：felt 宾语补足语：differently 副词：however（表转折） 知识点： 副词用法：differently（不同地），however（然而） 短语及拓展： feel differently（感觉不同） however（然而，表示转折） 10. He wanted to start a new lifestyle. 句子成分分析： 主语：He 谓语：wanted 宾语：to start a new lifestyle 知识点： 不定式作宾语：to start a new lifestyle 短语及拓展： start a new lifestyle（开始新的生活方式） 11. He had met wonderful teachers from small villages during his early school years and he was inspired by them to go and teach where he was needed the most. 句子成分分析（复杂句，包含并列句和状语从句）： 主句1：He had met wonderful teachers from small villages 时间状语：during his early school years 并列句：and he was inspired by them 目的状语从句：to go and teach where he was needed the most 知识点： 过去完成时：had met 被动语态：was inspired 状语从句：where he was needed the most（表示地点） 短语及拓展： wonderful teachers（优秀的老师） from small villages（来自小村庄） during his early school years（在他早年求学期间） be inspired by（被...所激励） where he was needed the most（他最需要的地方） 12. For that reason he applied, and became a volunteer teacher in a village school. 句子成分分析（并列句）： 分句1：For that reason he applied 分句2：and became a volunteer teacher in a village school 知识点： 并列连词：and 介词短语作状语：For that reason（因为这个原因） 短语及拓展： for that reason（因为这个原因） apply（申请） volunteer teacher（志愿者教师） in a village school（在乡村学校） 13. Bringing with him lots of books, clothes, and two pairs of trainers, Zhang Tian travelled to the village with an eager heart. 句子成分分析（伴随状语+主句）： 伴随状语：Bringing with him lots of books, clothes, and two pairs of trainers 主句：Zhang Tian travelled to the village with an eager heart 知识点： 现在分词短语作伴随状语：Bringing with him... 短语及拓展： bring with sb.（随身携带） lots of books, clothes, and two pairs of trainers（许多书、衣服和两双运动鞋） travel to the village（去乡村） with an eager heart（怀着热切的心情） 14. He imagined all sorts of exciting things about living independently and teaching in a village. 句子成分分析： 主语：He 谓语：imagined 宾语：all sorts of exciting things 介词短语：about living independently and teaching in a village 知识点： 动词短语：imagine about（想象关于...） 并列结构：living independently and teaching in a village 短语及拓展： all sorts of（各种各样的） exciting things（令人兴奋的事情） live independently（独立生活） teach in a village（在乡村教学） 15. The school had just three teachers and Zhang Tian was the only English teacher. 句子成分分析： 主语：The school 谓语：had 宾语：just three teachers 并列句：and Zhang Tian was the only English teacher 主语：Zhang Tian 谓语：was 表语：the only English teacher 知识点： 并列句的使用，通过“and”连接两个独立的句子。 “just”作为副词，表示“仅仅，只有”。 “the only”表示“唯一的”。 短语及拓展： “just three”可以拓展为“only a few”，表示数量少。 “the only English teacher”可以拓展为“the sole instructor of English”，表示独一无二的英语老师。 16. The other two local teachers were responsible for maths and Chinese. 句子成分分析： 主语：The other two local teachers 谓语：were responsible for 宾语：maths and Chinese 知识点： “the other two”表示“另外两个”。 “be responsible for”表示“对……负责”。 短语及拓展： “local teachers”可以拓展为“teachers from the local area”，强调教师的地域性。 “maths and Chinese”可以拓展为“academic subjects”，表示学术科目。 17. To make school life healthier and livelier for his students, Zhang Tian introduced more subjects to the school - music, art and PE. 句子成分分析： 目的状语：To make school life healthier and livelier for his students 主语：Zhang Tian 谓语：introduced 宾语：more subjects 介词短语：to the school 插入语：- music, art and PE 知识点： 不定式短语作目的状语。 “introduce...to...”表示“向……介绍……”。 插入语的使用，用于列举具体科目。 短语及拓展： “healthier and livelier”可以拓展为“more vibrant and energetic”，表示更有活力和生机。 “more subjects”可以拓展为“additional courses”，表示额外的课程。 18. It is not surprising that PE is the kids' favourite subject! 句子成分分析： 形式主语：It 谓语：is 表语：not surprising 主语从句：that PE is the kids' favourite subject 知识点： 形式主语“It”用于引导主语从句，使句子结构平衡。 “It is...that...”强调句型。 短语及拓展： “favourite subject”可以拓展为“preferred course”，表示最喜欢的课程。 “not surprising”可以拓展为“unsurprising”，表示不令人惊讶的。 19. Their school lives are now more attractive and interesting, and they enjoy playing football in the playground, as well as singing songs they've learnt. 句子成分分析： 主句：Their school lives are now more attractive and interesting 并列句：and they enjoy playing football in the playground, as well as singing songs they've learnt 主语：they 谓语：enjoy 宾语：playing football in the playground, singing songs 定语从句：they've learnt（修饰songs） 知识点： 并列句的使用，通过“and”连接两个独立的句子。 “as well as”表示“也，还”。 定语从句修饰名词。 短语及拓展： “more attractive and interesting”可以拓展为“more engaging and enjoyable”，表示更有吸引力和乐趣。 “playing football in the playground”可以拓展为“participating in sports activities outdoors”，表示户外体育活动。 20. The school is now full of laughter and music. 句子成分分析： 主语：The school 谓语：is 表语：full of laughter and music 知识点： “be full of”表示“充满”。 短语及拓展： “full of laughter and music”可以拓展为“filled with joy and melody”，表示充满欢乐和旋律。 21. Zhang Tian is planning to organise the first-ever school concert! Everyone is very excited. 句子成分分析： 主句：Zhang Tian is planning to organise the first-ever school concert 并列句：Everyone is very excited 主语：Everyone 谓语：is 表语：very excited 知识点： 不定式短语作宾语，表示计划要做的事情。 “first-ever”表示“有史以来的第一次”。 短语及拓展： “the first-ever school concert”可以拓展为“the inaugural school musical event”，表示学校首次的音乐活动。 “very excited”可以拓展为“overjoyed”，表示非常高兴。 22. Zhang Tian's first year is almost over. 句子成分分析： 主语：Zhang Tian's first year 谓语：is almost over 知识点： 所有格：Zhang Tian's 表示“张天的” 时态：现在进行时表示即将结束的状态 短语及拓展： almost over：几乎结束 be over：结束 23. It has been a tough year, but he has enjoyed working with the children. 句子成分分析： 主句：It has been a tough year 主语：It 谓语：has been 表语：a tough year 并列句：but he has enjoyed working with the children 主语：he 谓语：has enjoyed 宾语：working with the children 知识点： 现在完成时：has been, has enjoyed 并列连词：but 短语及拓展： a tough year：艰难的一年 work with sb.：与某人一起工作 24. What made him feel satisfied was that his students were able to read, speak and write in English, and they became more confident in learning. 句子成分分析： 主语从句：What made him feel satisfied 主语：What 谓语：made 宾语：him 宾语补足语：feel satisfied 系动词：was 表语从句：that his students were able to read, speak and write in English, and they became more confident in learning 主语：his students 谓语：were able to read, speak and write 宾语：in English 并列句：and they became more confident in learning 主语：they 谓语：became 表语：more confident 状语：in learning 知识点： 主语从句和表语从句 并列句 be able to do sth.：能够做某事 短语及拓展： feel satisfied：感到满意 in English：用英语 be confident in sth.：对某事有信心 25. Besides teaching, Zhang Tian also brought changes to the village. 句子成分分析： 状语：Besides teaching 主语：Zhang Tian 谓语：also brought 宾语：changes 状语：to the village 知识点： besides：除了...之外 bring sth. to sb./sp.：把某物带给某人/某地 短语及拓展： bring changes to：给...带来变化 26. He contacted charity organisations about rebuilding the playground and setting up a library, and helped the villagers sell local products online. 句子成分分析： 并列句：He contacted charity organisations about rebuilding the playground and setting up a library, and helped the villagers sell local products online 分句1：He contacted charity organisations about rebuilding the playground and setting up a library 主语：He 谓语：contacted 宾语：charity organisations 状语：about rebuilding the playground and setting up a library 分句2：and helped the villagers sell local products online 主语：He（省略） 谓语：helped 宾语：the villagers 宾语补足语：sell local products online 知识点： 并列句 about doing sth.：关于做某事 help sb. do sth.：帮助某人做某事 短语及拓展： contact sb. about sth.：就某事联系某人 rebuild the playground：重建操场 set up a library：建立图书馆 sell sth. online：在网上销售某物 27. The contribution he made to the village was great, so he became very popular among the villagers and they treated him as one of them. 句子成分分析： 主句：The contribution he made to the village was great 主语：The contribution 定语从句：he made to the village 主语：he 谓语：made 状语：to the village 谓语：was 表语：great 并列句：so he became very popular among the villagers and they treated him as one of them 分句1：so he became very popular among the villagers 主语：he 谓语：became 表语：very popular 状语：among the villagers 分句2：and they treated him as one of them 主语：they 谓语：treated 宾语：him 宾语补足语：as one of them 知识点： 定语从句 并列句 treat sb. as sth.：把某人当作某物 短语及拓展： make a contribution to sth.：为某事做出贡献 be popular among sb.：在某人中受欢迎 treat sb. as sth.：把某人当作某物 28. The village is like his second home now. 句子成分分析： 主语：The village 谓语：is 表语：like his second home 时间状语：now 知识点： be like：像...一样 短语及拓展： second home：第二个家 29. Although he had only intended to stay for one year, he now feels ready to stay for another year. 句子成分分析： 让步状语从句：Although he had only intended to stay for one year 引导词：Although 主语：he 谓语：had intended 宾语：to stay for one year 主句：he now feels ready to stay for another year 主语：he 状语：now 谓语：feels 表语：ready 宾语补足语：to stay for another year 知识点： although：尽管 intend to do sth.：打算做某事 feel ready to do sth.：感到准备好做某事 短语及拓展： intend to do sth.：打算做某事 stay for another year：再待一年 30. He feels so happy that he followed his heart when choosing what to do with his life, even though it may not be what others expected of him. 句子成分分析： 主句：He feels so happy 主语：He 谓语：feels 表语：so happy 结果状语从句：that he followed his heart when choosing what to do with his life 引导词：that 主语：he 谓语：followed 宾语：his heart 时间状语从句：when choosing what to do with his life 主语：he（省略） 谓语：choosing 宾语：what to do with his life 让步状语从句：even though it may not be what others expected of him 引导词：even though 主语：it 谓语：may not be 表语：what others expected of him 知识点： so...that...：如此...以至于... follow one's heart：随心所欲 even though：即使 expect sth. of sb.：期望某人某事 短语及拓展： follow one's heart：随心所欲 choose what to do with sth.：选择如何处理某事 expect sth. of sb.：期望某人某事 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$