Unit 3 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2022·黑龙江龙东地区四校联考) Being an Olympian(奥运会选手) demands focus，determination，and a competitive spirit.Plus，representing your country is a lot of pressure.However，two athletes recently showed the world another quality that is definitely worth championing. Qatar's Mutaz Essa Barshim and Italy's Gianmarco Tamberi were competing in the high jump on Sunday when they reached a stalemate (僵局)．Both men had managed to jump over a surprising 2.37 meters with no faults along the way.However，after three attempts neither managed the next level of 2.39 meters. An Olympic official suggested a jump­off between the two friends and rivals (竞争对手) to determine who would get the gold medal.But Barshim had another plan to be rewarded for their efforts. “Can we have two golds？” he asked the official.The official agreed and the two men jumped for joy.“He is one of my best friends，not only on the track，but outside the track.We work together.This is a dream come true，”shared Barshim. The decision to share the medal was particularly meaningful to Tamberi.The Italian had suffered an ankle injury that prevented him from competing in Rio 2016 Olympic Games，and it nearly put an end to his career altogether.So this year he brought along his cast to this year's Olympics with “Road to Tokyo 2021” to inspire him along the way. For Barshim，the gold has topped off his already impressive medal collection，having received a bronze and a silver medal in 2012 and 2016 respectively.Despite all the glory of receiving a gold medal for their countries，their achievement means so much more.These two individuals，trying to do their very best for their countries，have provided a wonderful example to all those competing in sports.They've summed up exactly what it means to take part in a global event with a generous and compassionate (有同情心的) spirit. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在东京奥运会的跳高比赛中两位选手在取得相同分数后，共享金牌的故事。 1．What happened to Barshim and Tamberi in the competition? A．They ended in a tie. B．They quit the competition. C．They set a new record. D．They ran out of strength. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Both men had managed...the next level of 2.39 meters”及第四段中的“‘Can we have two golds？’．..jumped for joy”可知，两名选手都跳过了 2.37 米，且都没跳过 2.39 米，打成平局。 tie 意为“平局”。 2．What does the underlined word“jump­off”in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Debate.　　　　　　 B．Vote. C．Celebration. D．Extra round. 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据第二段中两人打成平手和第三段中的“to determine who would get the gold medal”可知，奥运会官员建议他们进行一场“jump­off”，即加赛决胜负。 3．Why was the gold medal particularly meaningful to Tamberi? A．It could bring him a lot of money. B．It may make up for his regret in 2016. C．It was a glory for his country. D．It could complete his medal collection. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“The Italian...Rio 2016 Olympic Games”可知，Tamberi因脚踝受伤错过2016 年里约奥运会，因此此次算是对上次的弥补。 4．What does the author mainly want to convey in the text? A．The importance of sharing. B．The glory of winning gold medals. C．The valuable and special team spirit. D．The Olympic spirit of sharing and consideration. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They've summed up...a generous and compassionate (有同情心的) spirit”可知，作者的写作目的主要是想向人们传递这种乐于分享、体谅他人的奥运精神。 B Physical education，or gym class，isn't required for all high school students.In some schools，it isn't offered for some different reasons.But should high school students have physical education？The answer is certainly “Yes”． Today many people don't do sports.But as is known to all，doing sports is very important for an adult.Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult. High school isn't that easy.Many students are under a lot of stress.Stress can be harmful to a student's studies and life.Doing sports can help them deal with stress better，helping them live a happier life at school. The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity(肥胖症)．Teens should get 60 minutes of physical activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get stronger.The increase in activities that don't get teens to move around，such as video games and computer activities，means many teens don't get their required exercise.Physical education classes act as a public health measure to encourage activity and help teens have healthy weights. Inactivity increases teens' risk of developing many diseases.An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems.As much as 75 percent of health care spending goes toward treating medical conditions that can be hindered by lifestyle changes，according to the American College of Sports Medicine. According to the President's Council on Fitness，Sports and Nutrition(PCFSN)，students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic(学业的) performance.Students from programs with no physical activity，who used the extra time for classroom study，did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。高中生参加体育运动有很多益处，因此应该多多从事体育锻炼。 5．According to Paragraph 2，what does physical education in high school mean? A．Helping teens learn to make good plans. B．Removing the stress faced by teens at school. C．Making teens attach importance to exercise later. D．Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.”可知，高中生参加体育运动可以让他们意识到锻炼身体的重要性。 6．What does the underlined word “hindered” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Measured. B．Prevented. C．Shown. D．Caused. 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems.”可推测，这些疾病是可以被“阻止”的。hinder意为“阻挡；阻碍”。 7．According to the PCFSN，doing sports . A．means making students choose between sports and studies B．helps students make good use of all their time C．means students adjust to their studies better D．helps students do better in their studies 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“According to the President's Council on Fitness，Sports and Nutrition(PCFSN)，students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic(学业的) performance.”可知，进行体育运动对学生的成绩有帮助。 8．What is the text mainly about? A．How high school students can live a better life. B．How schools can help students love doing sports. C．Why some schools consider physical education important. D．Why high school students should receive physical education. 解析：选D　主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要通过几个方面说明高中生为什么要上体育课。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Flo Meiler was a Senior Olympics tennis player.She 1 track and field at age 60.At 65，she tried the pole vault(撑杆跳高) for the first time.Now，over a decade later，Meiler has 2 in the National Senior Games 13 times and holds 15 world records：　one­hundred meter，the high jump，the long jump，the pole vault and so on.Meiler's 3 of accomplishments goes on.Meiler is proud of it.How many 4 does your great grandma hold？　Maybe none yet. 5 ，Meiler will tell her there's still plenty of 6 . In Bernice Bates' yoga class，there is a motto：“I can do that.”You will feel 7 when watching Bates twist and flatten her body into 8 most healthy young people can't even do.Bates began 9 herself yoga in 1980.Now，at 92，she 10 a spot in the Guinness Book of World Records as the oldest yogi on Earth.While teaching free lessons to residents of her Florida retirement home，Bates 11 those who're decades younger than her by 12 one simple philosophy：　As long as you're alive，it's never too late to love your 13 . This article must 14 with my own great grandmother who celebrated her 100th birthday last year by bringing the whole family to a party on Orcas Island.Century old smiles are a truly 15 thing. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两位老人家坚持挑战自我，取得了许多年轻人都望尘莫及的成绩。在文章的结尾，作者还赞美了已年过百岁的奶奶。 1．A.gave up B．took up C．cleaned up D．set up 解析：选B　句意：Meiler以前是位网球运动员，她在60岁时开始从事(took up) 田径运动。gave up 放弃； took up 从事； cleaned up打扫； set up 设定。根据“At 65，she tried the pole vault for the first time.”可知，Meiler 60岁开始从事田径运动。故选B。 2．A.competed B．failed C．studied D．practised 解析：选A　句意：直到现在，Meiler已经参加(competed) 了13场国家老年人运动会。competed 竞赛； failed 失败； studied 研究； practised 练习。根据“and holds 15 world records”可知，Meiler参加了运动会并保持了世界纪录。故选A。 3．A.list B．dream. C．desire D．expectation 解析：选A　句意：Meiler的成就单(list) 还在继续。list 清单； dream 梦想； desire 渴望； expectation 期待。 根据“holds 15 world records：one­hundred meter，the high jump，the long jump，the pole vault and so on.”可知，这些都是她成就的项目清单。故选A。 4．A.tests B．results C．scores D．records 解析：选D　句意：你的奶奶持有多少纪录(records) 呢？也许一个都没有。tests 测试； results 结果； scores 得分； records 纪录。 根据“Maybe none yet.”可知，前面问你的奶奶持有多少像Meiler一样的纪录。 故选D。 5．A.Besides B．However C．Otherwise D．Therefore 解析：选B　句意：然而(However)，Meiler会说她依旧还有大量的时间(time) 。Besides 另外； However然而；Otherwise 否则； Therefore 因此。根据“Maybe none yet.”你的奶奶持有多少纪录(records) 呢？也许一个都没有，但是Meiler会说她依旧还有大量的时间，前后表示转折。故选B。 6．A.time B．need C．sense D．fate 解析：选A　time 时间； need 需要； sense 感觉； fate 命运。根据“She track and field at age 60.At 65，she tried the pole vault for the first time.” 可知，Meiler用她的经历告诉大家老年人仍然有时间。故选A。 7．A.relaxed B．upset C．optimistic D．annoyed 解析：选C　句意：当你看到Bates把身体弯曲成很多年轻人都无法做到的形状(shapes) 时，你会感觉很乐观(optimistic) 。relaxed 放松的； upset 失望的； optimistic 乐观的； annoyed 恼火的。根据“when watching Bates twist and flatten her body into most healthy young people can't even do.”可知，看到年老的Bates能挑战一些年轻人无法做到的极限动作令人乐观。故选C。 8．A.examples B．pieces C．structures D．shapes 解析：选D　examples 例子； pieces 几张； structures 结构； shapes 形状。根据“most healthy young people can't even do.”可知，Bates做出一些年轻人无法做到的动作，弯曲成很难的形状。故选D。 9．A.showing B．awarding C．teaching D．creating 解析：选C　句意：Bates 在1980年开始自学(teaching herself) 瑜伽。showing 展示； awarding 授奖； teaching 教育；creating 创造。teach oneself自学，故选C。 10．A.searches B．holds C．cleans D．reaches 解析：选B　句意：Bates 现在保持(holds) 着世界上最年老的瑜伽练习者的吉尼斯世界纪录。searches 搜索； holds 持有； cleans打扫； reaches 达到。根据“in the Guinness Book of World Records as the oldest yogi on Earth”可知，保持吉尼斯世界纪录。故选B。 11．A.promises B．invites C．requires D．inspires 解析：选D　句意：Bates通过一句分享简单的哲理来鼓舞(inspires) 那些比她年纪小几十岁的人。promises 答应；invites 邀请；requires 需要；inspires 激励。根据“one simple philosophy：As long as you're alive，it's never too late to love your .”这句哲理是激励别人的。故选D。　 12．A.getting B．asking C．sharing D．making 解析：选C　根据“one simple philosophy：As long as you're alive，it's never too late to love your...”得知，“只要你活着，爱惜自己的身体永远都不会晚”这是Bates在和别人分享哲理。故选C。 13．A.family B．body C．friends D．careers 解析：选B　句意：只要你还活着，爱惜自己的身体(body) 永远都不会晚。family 家庭； body 身体； friends 朋友； careers 事业。根据上下文语境可知，Bates 坚持锻炼，这是爱惜身体的表现。故选B。 14．A.deal B．compare C．end D．continue 解析：选C　句意：这篇文章必须以我刚过100岁生日的奶奶来结束(end) 。deal 处理；compare 比较； end 结束；continue 继续。最后一段收尾，要结束文章。故选C。 15．A.common B．necessary C．difficult D．beautiful 解析：选D　句意：百岁的笑容真的是非常美妙的事情。common 普通的； necessary 必要的；difficult 困难的； beautiful 美丽的。根据“with my own great grandmother who celebrated her 100th birthday last year”可知，奶奶庆祝百岁生日，高兴地露出了美丽的笑容。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$