Unit 1-10知识点练习 2023-2024学年人教版英语八年级下册

Contents Lesson One What’s the matter?.............................................................1 Lesson Two I’ll help to clean up the city parks.....................................8 Lesson Three Could you please clean your room?..............................16 Lesson Four Why don’t you talk to your parents?............................22 Lesson Five What were you doing when the rainstorm came?.........29 Lesson Six An old man tried to move the mountains. .......................36 Lesson Seven What’s the highest mountain in the world?................42 Lesson Eight Have you read Treasure Island yet?.............................52 Lesson Nine Have you ever been to a museum?..................................60 Lesson Ten I’ve had this bike for three years......................................67 附录.........................................................................................................79 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 Lesson One What’s the matter? 1、 重点词汇。 1. throat n. 咽喉;喉咙 喉咙痛 2. fever n.发烧 发烧 发高烧 3. lie v.躺 lie(躺) (过去式) (过去分词) (现在分词) lie(撒谎) (过去式) (过去分词) (现在分词) lay(安放) (过去式) (过去分词) (现在分词) 4. rest v.n 放松;休息 have/ take a rest = have/ take a break = take breaks 5. cough v.n 咳嗽 have a cough 6. off adv/prep 离开;从......去掉 下车; 关掉; 切除 7. trouble n. 在某方面有困难 在做某事方面有困难 陷入困境 处于困境 8. hit v.击打 (过去式) (过去分词) hit sb with sth 用某物击打某人; hit sth on/ against sth 把某物撞到某物上 9. breath n. 呼吸 深呼吸 10. climber n. 攀登者 v. 爬山 11. knife n. 刀 n. (复数) 12. mean v. (过去式) meant(过去分词) n.意思;意义 adj. 有意义的; adj. 无意义的 打算做某事 意味着做某事 13. importance n. adj.重要的 of great importance = very important 14. decision n.决定 v. 决定做某事 15. control v.n限制;管理 在......控制之下 管理;掌控 失去控制 16. death n. 死亡 v. adj. adj. ( 1 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 二、重点短语。 1. 发烧 2. 咳嗽 3. 牙疼 4. 说得太多 5. 喝足够的水 6. 受凉;感冒 7. 胃疼 8. 背疼 9. 喉咙痛 10 躺下来休息 11. 加蜂蜜的热茶 12. 看牙医 13. 拍x光片 14. 量体温 15. 在...上敷药 16. 以同样的方式 17. 看医生 18. 沿着...走 19. 在马路边 20. 大声呼救 21. 没有多想 22. 下车 23. 冒险 24. 多亏;由于 25. 及时 26. 立即;马上 27. 切除 28. 离开,从……出来 29. 掌管,管理 30. 放弃 31. 陷入;参与 32 做出决定 33. 在困境 34. 用尽;耗尽 35. 摔倒 36. 继续或坚持(做某事) 37. 挽救生命 38. 由于 39. 受伤 40. 感到恶心 41. 呼吸困难 42. 以便 43. 看见某人做某事(强调全过程) 44. 看见某人做某事(强调正在做) 45. 令某人惊讶 46. 对某事感到惊讶 47. 对做某事感到惊讶 48. 立即;马上 49. 过去常常做某事 50. 被用来做某事 51. 习惯于做某事;适应于做某事 52 被用来做某事 ( 2 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 习题训练 单选 ( )1.I must be _ now because I have a meeting in ten minutes. A. off B. in C. onto ( )2. Bill broke his legs the other day. Now he has trouble_ around. A. to walk B. walking C. walk ( )3. When they came in, they saw some children _ happily in the garden. A. play B. to play C. playing ( )4. Sally expects her parents _ her not to take medicine. A. agreeing B. to agree C. agree ( )5.1 can hardly believe that a _ boy can play the piano so well. A. six years old B. six-year-old C. six-years-old ( ) 6. Helen_ water,so she had to stop climbing and went back. A.took out B.ran out of C. ran out ( ) 7. Because of the bad weather, we had to _ climbing the mountain. A.look up B. keep up C. give up ( ) 8. After knowing the_ of studying English well, he works harder. A. decision B. spirit C. importance ( ) 9. I used to _ up late at night, but I get used to _ to bed early now. A. stay; going B. stay; go C. staying; go ( ) 10. In some parts of London, missing this train means _ for another hour. A. wait B. to wait C. waiting 根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 l. When he saw the old woman fall down, he took her to the hospital without _ ( think) twice. 2. The girl hurt _ when she was making dinner.( her) 3. When I came into the room,I saw a cat_ (lie ) under the table. 4. All the students agree to _ ( help) at old people's home on weekends. 5. Yesterday my neighbor Carol _ me to the train station. She is really a kind _. ( drive) 6. — How _! He finished the homework in 5 minutes ! —Yes, and I am _ that he didn't make any mistakes. ( surprise) 7. You should _ (not drink) water with honey if you have a toothache. 8. During the _, Jack _ his arm. Now he is in hospital. ( break) 9. Lisa hurt her leg when walking to school, and her leg _a lot now. ( hurt ) 10. The driver expected all the passengers _ (get) off, but they all thought about _ ( save) the old man. 三、重点语法 反身代词:表示反身或强调的代词叫做反身代词。反身代词是由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代或第三人称人称代词宾格形式,词尾加self或selves组成。反身代词可译为“本人”、“本身”,为加强语气,也常译为“亲自”、“自己”。 人称 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself yourself Himself herself itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 用法: 做宾语,指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。 例:Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well. 做表语,指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。 例:She isn’t quite herself today. 做主语或宾语的同位语,常用来加强语气。 例:Mr. Black himself is a lawyer. You had better ask the driver himself. 用于固定短语: by oneself 独自地,单独地 in oneself 本身,自身 look after oneself/_ 照顾自己 say to oneself 自言自语 _/learn sth. by oneself 自学 leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下 _ 玩的开心 hurt oneself 伤害自己 help oneself to... 请自便吃、喝...... come to oneself 恢复知觉 devote oneself to...致力于...... dress oneself 自己穿衣服 _(in) 沉迷于,专注于;迷路 情态动词should的用法: Should表“应该;应当;可以”,否定式为shouldn’t,表示“不应当,不该”。其后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。 1.表示征求意见或提出建议 例:Should we ask them to bring some chocolate? I think you should lie down and rest. You shouldn’t take such risks. 2.表示按照一定的道理、责任或义务应该做某事 例:As a student, you should study hard. You should complete your test in time. Why should I pay him?为什么我该付给他钱? 小试牛刀 一)单项选择。 1.He has a stomachache. He_eat anything for 24 hours. A.needn’t B.may not C.shouldn’t 2.You_be quiet when you are in the reading room. A.can B.shouldn’t C.should 3.—I did badly in the mid—term exams. —I think you_play games all day. A.should B.shouldn’t C.needn’t 4.I often see him_soccer in the park. A.play B.to play C.playing 5.When I walked past the park,I saw some old people_Chinese Taichi. A.do B.did C.doing 二)填写所给代词的正确形式。 1.Bad luck! I hurt_by falling down the bike yesterday.(me) 2.My little sister can find food by_.(she) 3.Bill wants to teach_Chinese from now on.(him) 4.They tell us they can look after_very well.(they) 5.—Did you take_temperature?(your)—Sorry,I didn’t 基础训练 一、完形填空。根据短文内容,从A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Xie Dan is a young nurse(护士)from Wafangdian, Liaoning, China. August 18, 2022 was a(n) 1._ day to her. On that day, Xie Dan and her husband got married ( 结婚). 2._ there was more than that. That morning, Xie Dan and her husband were in their car to take photos. An accident (事故) 3._ near them on the way. Xie Dan saw an old woman get 4._. She didn't think much before she 5._ the car and ran to save the old woman. People around them were 6._ to see Xie Dan in her wedding dress (婚纱) doing CPR (心肺复苏) on the old woman. After the doctors arrived, Xie left 7._. The old woman was sent to a hospital quickly. Although she 8._ because she was hurt badly, Xie's warm action 9._ lots of people's hearts. Soon more people knew the story of Xie. Some called her“the prettiest bride" and some said, “She has a beautiful face and a even more beautiful 10._. However, Xie said she didn't do anything special.“I'm a nurse. I just did what I should do.”. ( ) 1. A. terrible B. necessary C. important ( ) 2. A. But B.So C. Unless ( ) 3. A. met B. hit C. happened ( ) 4. A. broken B. hurt C. killed ( ) 5.A. got up B. got into C. got off ( ) 6. A. excited B. worried C. surprised ( ) 7. A. quietly B. sadly C. quickly ( ) 8.A.came B. died C. left ( ) 9. A. covered B. troubled C. touched ( ) 10. A. heart B. action C. mind 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1. Chairman Mao _ on September 9, 1976. People felt sad when they heard the news of his _. (die) 2. My teacher often tells us the _ ( important) of learning English well. 3. Here are two _ ( knife) in the kitchen. We use them to cut meat and fruit. 4. We can't move the big rock by _. ( we). 5.If you don't know the _ (mean) of this word, you can look it up in a dictionary. 6. The Smiths made a(n) _ ( decide) to study medicine in London. 7. I always have problems _ ( breathe) after long running. 8. The famous climber lost his life when _ Qomolangma. ( climb) 9. Tom did not give up _ after the accident and keeps on _ today. ( drive) 10. He would have to do something _ (save) his own life. Lesson Two I’ll help to clean up the city parks. 一、重点词汇。 1. cheer v. 欢呼;喝彩 adj. 使)变得更高兴;振奋起来 2.volunteer v.自由做;义务做;n. 自愿者 自由做某事 3. put v. 建造;张贴; 推迟; 穿上;上演; 镇压; 扑灭; 放好;抛弃 4. notice n.通知;告知 v. 注意到;意识到 注意到某人正在做某事 注意到某人做了某事 5. adj. 孤独的;寂寞的(主观感受) adj/adv. 单独的(客观上的无人陪伴) 6. strong adj. 强烈的;强壮的 + n 一种强烈的......感觉 be strong in sth 在某方面很强大 a strong feeling of satisfaction 一种强烈的满足感 7. satisfaction n. v. adj.满意的 adj. 令人满意的 另某人满意的是..... with satisfaction 满足;满意 8. joy n. 高兴;愉快 joyful adj. 另某人高兴的是...... 9. owner n.主人;物主 v.拥有 ......的主人; 独立地 10. raise v. 筹钱; 养家; 提高声音 11. letter n. 信 给某人写信 12. Miss n. 女士,小姐; v. 思念;错过 13. disabled adj. 有残疾的;丧失能力的; adj. 有能力的; 能够 14. blind adj. n. adv. 对某事视而不见; the blind 盲人 15. imagine v. 想象;设想 n. 想象力 16. difficulty n. 困难; adj. adv. 做某事有困难 17. open v. 使开着; 对......开放 18. carry v. 拿;提;扛 实施; carry on doing sth 继续做某事; carry on with sth继续某事 19. train v.训练;培训 n.训练 n. 教练员 20. excited adj. adj. n. 21. kindness n. adj. 稍微,有点儿 22. understand v. (过去式) 23. change n.零钱;硬币;改变 把......变成...... 改变某人的主意 24. interest n. 兴趣;关注 adj. adj. = have an interest in 二、重点短语。 1. 1. 打扫城市公园 2. (使)变得更高兴;振奋起来 3. 分发;散发 4. 想出;提出(主意计划、回答等) 5. 距今两周后 6. 推迟 7. 张贴标语 8. 分发 9 打电话给(某人);征召 10. 帮助某人摆脱困境 11. 曾经…;过去…… 12. 感觉孤独 13. 照顾;非常喜欢 14. 强烈的满足感 15 参加……选拔;试用 16. 自愿做某事 17. 无家可归的人 18. 不那么幸运 19. 为……筹钱 20. 花光;用完 21. (外貌或行为)像 22. 修理;装饰 23. 赠送;捐赠 24. 与......相似 25. 建起;建立 26. 残疾人 27. 对……有巨大的影响 28 一只受过特训的狗 29. 对某事/物感到兴奋 30 立刻;马上 31. 改变我的生活 32. 生效;奏效;起作用 33. 上交 34. 相信/期望做某事 习题训练 选择填空。从各题的A、B、C三个选项中选择正确答案。 ( ) 1. We are going to have a class meeting and _ some money for the sick boy. A. raise B. repair C. carry ( ) 2.Do you ever feel _ when you stay at home _? A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone ( ) 3. The children all turned around _ at the film star. A. looked B. to look C. looking ( ) 4. Can anybody think of a way _ the problem? A. to solve B. of solve C. to solving ( ) 5.I missed the last bus and I didn't know_ to do next. A. what B. How C.where ( )6. We should try our best to help _ disabled. A. a B. an C. the ( )7. —May I _ your bike? — Certainly, but your mustn’t _ it to others. A. lend; lend B. borrow; lend C. borrow; borrow ( ) 8. They volunteered _ the house for the old woman. A. repair B. repairing C. to repair ( ) 9. The mountain isn't high. We have no difficulty _ up. A. climbed B. to climb C. climbing ( )10. Though he stays at home _, he doesn't feel_ because he has many things to do. A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone 根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. They set up a project to help _ ( home ) people. 2. I want to learn more about how _ ( study ) English well. 3. I used to _ before 9 at night but I am used to _ after 10 now. (sleep) 4. We all volunteered our time _ (talk) with the old people. 5. —Linda _ very upset when hearing that the school team lost the game. — I had the same _ as she. ( feel) 6.— I think the _ of the iPad must be worried. —I think so. Linda _ a golden iPad. Maybe it belongs to her. ( own) 7. He doesn't give up _ ( study ) foreign languages. 8. After seeing the old woman lying along the road, they stopped _ ( help) her. 9. The girl goes to the after-school study program every Sunday t_ ( teach) kids. 10.I noticed a man walking around your house when I was giving out _ to the villagers. ( notice) 三、重点语法 动词不定式 动词不定式的构成: to+动词原形和不带to的不定式。它没有人称和数的变化;在句中不能作谓语,但能保持动词的特点。 1.动词不定式作主语:①动词不定式作主语时,其谓语动词常用单数。 To say something is one thing; to do something is another matter. 说是一回事,做是另一回事。 ②动词不定式作主语常用it作形式主语,将真正的主语(动词不定式)置于句末。常用句型结构为“It’s+adj.+(for/of sb)+to do sth.”如: To ask the teacher for help is necessary. =It is necessary to ask the teacher for help. 向老师求教是必要的。 It’s so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。 It is not difficult to work out the problem. 做出这道题并不难。 【典例精析】 It takes me half an hour _ the piano every day. A. play B. playing C. to play D.played 2. 动词不定式作宾语 ①后接不定式作宾语的动词有:want, try, decide, need, hope, wish, agree, expect, ask, promise, refuse, learn, remember, forget, would like/love等 I hope to go there before dark. ②在find, think, make, believe等动词后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it作形式宾语而把真正的宾语(动词不定式短语)放在形容词后。 I found it difficult to solve the problem. 【典例精析】 1. The children decide _ their school yard this Friday afternoon. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned 2. At times, parents find it difficult _ with their teenage children. A. talk B. talked C. talking D. to talk 3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语 ①后面能接带to的不定式作宾补的动词有:ask,tell,allow, get,wish,invite, like, encourage, want, teach, would like等动词之后常接带to的不定式作宾补。这类动词用于被动语态时,仍要用带to的动词不定式作主语补足语。 The teacher told us to do Exercise 1. 老师要我们做练习一。 He was asked to make an apology for his rudeness. 他被要求为自己的粗鲁道歉。 ②接不带to的不定式:在使役动词let, make, have和感官动词see,hear, watch, notice, feel, find等后要用不带to的动词不定式作宾补。但是,当上述动词变为被动语态后,其后的不定式to必须还原。 I heard him sing in the classroom. He was heard to sing in the classroom (by me). 我听见他在教室里唱歌。 ③既可以接带to的不定式,也可以接不带to的不定式:help之后,既可以接带to的不定式,也可以接不带to的不定式作宾补。 Will you help me (to) wash the clothes? 你能帮助我洗衣服吗? 【典例精析】 Our teacher often asks us _ questions in groups. A. discuss B. to discuss C. discussing D. discussed 4. 动词不定式作状语 不定式作状语,常见的有目的状语(to, in order to, so as to)、结果状语(通常有以下结构too ... to ...太……而不能……;...enough + to足够 ;be + 形容词+ 不定式;so ... as to ...(如此……以致于)、原因状语等。 Later he left home to work in different cities. 后来他离开家到不同的城市工作。 【典例精析】 Vocabulary is important to language learning. Therefore, you’d better try different ways you can think of _ words and expressions. A. remember B. to remember C. remembering He hurried back home _ his schoolbag. A. fetched B. to fetch C. fetching 5.作定语(须后置) I don’t have a partner to practice English with.我没有一个一起练习英语的同伴。 6.作表语 Their duty is to look after those animals. 他们的职责是照顾那些动物。 7. “疑问词+不定式”结构 动词不定式可以和疑问代词who,what,which和疑问副词when,where,how等连用,构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。如: He doesn’t know what to wear.他不知道要穿什么。(作宾语) Where to go has not been decided.要去哪里还未决定。(作主语) [提醒] 动词不定式的否定结构是: not to do sth。 【典例精析】 — Excuse me. Could you please tell me _ my car? — Sure. Park it right here. I’ll help you. A.how to stop B. where to park C. where to stop D. when to park 8. 动词不定式的特殊句型 1. too ... to ... 太……而不能…… The boy is too young to look after himself. 那个男孩太小还不能照顾自己。 2. ... enough to ... ……足够…… He is old enough to go to school. 他到了上学的年龄了。 3. Why don’t you + 不带to的不定式(即动词原形)? = Why not + 不带to的不定式(即动词原形)? Why don’t you buy her a photo album? = Why not buy her a photo album? 为什么不给她买个相册呢? 4. had better + (not) + 不带to的不定式最好(不)…… You’d better not stay there today. 你今天最好别待在那儿。 5. Will you please + 不带to的不定式? 你能……吗? Will you please close the door? 你能把门关上吗? 6. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 She prefers to receive a small gift that has some thought behind it rather than receive a lot of money. 她宁愿收到一份有意义的小礼物也不愿收到一大笔钱。 【典例精析】 She’s not strong enough _ walking up mountains. A. to go B. going C. go D. went 小试牛刀 填写括号内所给词的正确形式。 1 It took us half an hour_(get)to the train station from Kitty’s home. 2. It was interesting_(see) so many places of interest from all over the world 3. They volunteered_(work) as teachers in the countryside. 4. Kitty’s classmate Daniel taught himself how_(make)a cake. 5. We’ve decided_(leave)at the end of this month. 单项选择。 1. Don’t_what you can do today till tomorrow. A. put on B. put up C. put off 2. My best friend Alex failed in the math exam. I’d like to_him_. A. pick: up B. cheer: up C give: up 3. The girl_all her pocket money to the poor old man. A. took away B. gave away C. put away 4. Our class raised lots of money_people in need. A. to help B. helping C. help 5. He made us_by making faces A to laugh B. laughing C.laugh 能力提升 一、完形填空。根据短文内容,从A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Years ago, Christian , McPhilamy, a young boy, decided to grow out his 1._ so he could give it to other kids who need it. The story started when Christian and his mother watched an ad (广告). They 2._ some sick children lose their hair in hospitals. Many people gave away theirs to make wigs ( 假发) for these kids. “I want to do that, too!” Christian said. That 3._ his mother. But she knew her son would really follow 4._ decision. So Christian began growing out his hair. 5._, as Christian's hair grew longer, his classmates started to play a joke on him.“You look like a girl," they said. Later, his mother was also used to 6._“Your daughter is so pretty" when she was out with Christian. Sometimes it made Christian upset, but his mother always tried to 7._ him up. The big haircut ( 理发) day 8._came. The family came to Christian's room and his mom cut his hair. Then they 9._ it to a hospital. Christian said it felt good to have short hair again. Somewhere, another child would be feeling good too 10._ Christian. ( )1.A.hair B. arm C. heart ( ) 2. A. wondered B. thought C. noticed ( ) 3. A. surprised B. troubled C. hurt ( ) 4. A. his B.her C. their ( ) 5. A. Quietly B. Luckily C. However ( ) 6. A. saying B. hearing C. believing ( ) 7. A. cheer B. wake C. put . ( ) 8. A. usually B. finally C. hardly ( ) 9. A. ordered B. called C. sent ( ) 10. A. along with B. thanks to C. such as 二、短文填空。从下面方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填入短文空格内,使短文意思正确、通 顺(每词限用一次)。 ( alone call different feel home hope notice other own raise touch volunteer ) Judy, an American girl, had a heart problem. She could not go to school and she had to stay at home all day. She was very l._ . Her classmates tried their best to cheer her up. And some of them 2._ to teach Judy in their free time. Judy was so sick that she needed to get an operation (手术). But her family was poor. Her parens 3._ to get help from the public (大众). A TV station soon set up a call-in center for Judy. Many people 4._ up Judy and helped her out. At the same time, Judy's classmates handed out flyers (传单) to tell about Judy's story and 5._ money for her. Judy and her parents were really 6._. Everyone can get into trouble and need 7._ help. Helping others makes us happy and gives us a 8._ of satisfaction. Volunteering is a good way to help others. Also it is a great way to make new friends and have fun. We can do lots of volunteer work in our daily lives. We can volunteer in hospitals, old people's homes and so on. We can also help 9._ people and disabled people or volunteer to clean up the city parks. Each of us may only do a little bit, but together we can make a big 10._ to the world. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 三、根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 I. Uncle Tom became _ after the accident, and he is _ to walk any longer. ( able ) 2. After three months of _, the well _ dog can help old people with normal things in life. ( train ) 3.I find English is _. I always have some difficulties remembering English words. ( difficult) 4. The sea air made a great _ to my health. ( different) 5.It's very kind of you to show me around the farm. Thank you for your _. ( kind) 6. John is _ in science. He is studying physics with great _. ( interesting) 7. My uncle lives _ in Chengdu and he always feels _. ( alone) 8. Her father _ last year. She was upset all the time after his _. (die ) 9. —It's difficult for me _ what he said. —He means that your parents are _. ( understand ) 10.— We all felt _ when hearing the _ news. —How about you? ( excite) Lesson Three Could you please clean your room? 一、重点词汇。 1. fold v. 折叠 v. 打开 2. sweep v. 打扫 (过去式) 扫地 3. mess n. 杂乱 弄乱 4. throw v. 投;抛;掷 (过去式) 抛弃;扔掉 向......扔去 投给...... 5. neither adv. 既不......也不...... 6. shirt n. 衬衣 n. T 恤衫 7. pass v.给 = 把......递给...... 8. borrow v.借 向......借...... 9. lend v. 借 = 借某物给某人 10. hate v.厌恶;讨厌 讨厌某人/某物; 讨厌做某事 11. stress n.精神压力;v.强调 adj. 紧张的;有压力的 12. waste n.v. 浪费 浪费时间 13. provide v.提供 = 为某人提供某物 14. depend v.依靠 15. develop v.发展;壮大 n. 发展;开发 16. independence n.独立 adj. v. 17. fairness n.公正性;合理性 adj. adj.不公平 18. neighbor n.邻居 n. 附近;街坊 19. ill adj. 有病;不舒服 n. 20. drop v. 落下 二、重点短语。 ( 9 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. 倒垃圾 2. 洗碗 3. 叠衣服 4. 扫地 5. 整理床铺 6. 打扫客厅 7. 出去吃晚餐 8. 在外面待到很晚 9. 搭便车 10. 至少 11. 随时 12. 过来 13. 带狗去散步 14. 频繁;反复 15 在家中帮忙 16. 惊奇地问 17. 两者都不 18 一……就…… 19. 买点喝的东西 20. 借某物给某人 21. 买一些饮料和小吃 22. 向他借一些钱 23. 邀请我的朋友参加聚会 24. 浪费他们的时间 25. 目的是;为了 26. 考上一个好的大学 27. 为某人提供某物 28. 依靠;信赖 29. 培养孩子的独立能力 30. 理解公平的意义 31. 尽某人的职责...... 32. 照顾;处理 33. 结果 34. 越早越好 35. 对某人而言做某事没必要 36. 让某人做某事 37. 生病 38. 请求某人的同意 习题训练 选择填空。从各题的A、B、C三个选项中选择正确答案。 ( ) 1. I like sweeping the floor _ my brother likes taking out the rubbish. A. while B. when C. since ( ) 2.I will clean my room as soon as I _ my homework. A. finished B. finish C. will finish ( ) 3. _ the children have fun, parents can take dancing lessons on the beach. A. though B.If C.While ( ) 4.— Could you hang out with me tonight? —_ . I have to study for a test. A. No, I couldn't B. Sorry, I can't C. Sure, I can ( ) 5. Alan doesn't like junk food and _. A. me, too B. so do C. neither do I ( ) 6. Could you please_ so loudly? The little baby is sleeping. A. not sing B. don't sing C. not to sing ( ) 7. The _ you exercise, the _ you will be. A. much; healthier B. more ; healthier C. more ; healthy ( ) 8.I got up very early_ I could catch the first bus. A. so that B. in order to C. while ( ) 9. — I didn't go to the park this morning. — _. A.so did I B. neither did I C. neither I did ( ) 10 . —_ I play computer games, Dad? —Yes, but you _ finish your homework first. A. Could; must B. Need; can C. Should; may 根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Tom _ in a house whose _ room is very big. ( live) 2. There are lots of _ ( rubbish) in the park. Let's pick it up. 3. I have to do _ ( chore) such as do the _ (dish) on Sunday. 4. There are at _ ( little ) 300 students in our school. 5. Could you please _ ( not talk) loudly in the reading room? 6. After finishing _ (do) his homework, he had a shower. 7.I’ll tell him the truth as soon as he _ ( come) back. 8. I'm _ that he stood up in _ the minute he heard the news. ( surprise ) 9. Linda said she was as _ ( tire) as her mother after a week's hard work. 10. He picked up a stone and _ ( throw) it into the river. 15. Tom got up early in order _ ( not be) late for class. 16. As parents, we should understand the idea of fairness. It's _ to compare our children with others. ( fair) 17. She is only a child, so there is no need _ ( give) her so much stress. 18. The more _ ( careful) you drive, the _ ( few) accidents you will meet with. 19. If you want to be _, you should not always _ on your parents for everything. To develop your own _. you can try doing some chores by yourself. ( depend) 三、重点语法 情态动词could的用法 ①表示具有某种能力(体力,知识,能力),意为“会,能”could表示过去的“能力”。 She could swim when she was young.她小时候会游泳。(过去的能力) 注意:此时可以和be able to 互换,但can只有一般现在时和一般过去时,be able to 可以用于各种时态,表示“经过努力才能做成某事”时只能用be able to。 I was able to swim to the bank after the boat turned over. I will not be able to come this afternoon. ②表示推测,意为“可能”往往用于否定句或疑问句。could表示的可能性比can要低。 There’s someone outside—who can/could it be? 有人在外面,可能是谁呢? That can’t/couldn’t be Mary, she is in hospital. 那不可能是玛丽,她在住院。 Anybody can/could make mistakes 任何人都可能犯错误。 ③表示请求,许可, 意为“可以”常用与疑问句中,could比can的语气更委婉。could这时不是can的过去式,且could提问要用can回答。 —Mom, can/could I wear my new dress today?妈妈,今天我可以穿我的新裙子吗? —Yes,you can.可以。 ④ 表示“惊讶”常用于疑问句,否定句。 How can/could you believe such a person?你怎么能相信这样的一个人? Could/Can this be true? I can’t believe my eyes and ears. 这可能是真的吗?我真不敢相信我的眼睛和耳朵。 小试牛刀 单项选择。 1. —Could I hang out with my friends tonight, Mum? —Yes, you_.But you_come back home before 9 o’clock A.could; may B.should; can C.can; must 2.—could you hang out with me now? —_.I have to study for tests. A.No, I couldn’t B. Sorry, I can’t C. Sure, I can 3.—_I take the book away? —No, you can’t. You_only read it here. A.Must; could B. Could; can C May; must 4. I will ask him to call you back as soon as Mr.Smith_ back tomorrow. A. comes B.came C will come 5.—Must I return the book this week? —No, you_.You can_it for 5 days. A.mustn’t; keep B. needn’t; borrow C. needn’t; keep 6. Could you please_the door? It’s windy and cold outside. A.not open B.not to open C.not opening 7.The_you exercise,the_you will be. A. much: healthier B. more: healthier C. more; healthy 8. Could you ask him to call me back the minute he_back? A. came B.will come C. comes 9.—could you please help me with my math? —_. A.No way B. No problem C. No need 10. She walked quietly in order_the baby. A. don’t wake B. not to wake C. to not wake 能力提升 一、短文填空。从下面方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填入短文空格内,使短文意思正确、通 顺(每词限用一次)。 ( bad develop fairness hang important it interest join provide quietly situation stressed ) Dear Kids Advice Magazine, Hi, my name is Evan and being the oldest child in the family surely brings me some l._. First of all, I have to share all my toys and games with my younger brothers, William and Jeff. Of course, they don’t need to return the favor (恩惠) because I’m not 2._ in their things at all. Besides that, Jeff and William3._around me all the time. It makes me really angry when I have a friend over. We look for a 4._ place in the house where they can't disturb (打扰) us, but within minutes, they find us and ask 5._ in. At meal times, I have to finish all the food in my bowl. William and Jeff only need to try one bite (一口) when it's not 6._ favorite food. Also, I'm expected to be cooperative ( 配合的) with them at all times because I'm the oldest and need to be a role model for them. It doesn't seem 7._ either that I have more chores to do around the house than Jeff and William put together. Sometimes I even have to help them clean their rooms. My mother says I need to help 8._ a clean environment for my younger brothers. And when it comes to practicing the piano, I have to practice more than double (双倍) the time. Oh, and the 9._ part of it all is that I get far more homework than them. I'm feeling rather terrible with my 10._ . Can you please write back with some advice? Yours, Evan Smith 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 二、完成对话。在对话的空格中填上适当的单词,使对话完整正确。一空一词。 A: Hello, Mary! Would you like to go to Helen's birthday party on Friday evening? B: Yes, I'd love to. You know, we have no classes the next day, so we can stay out 1._. A: Helen says she will send 2._ to lots of her friends. I guess there must be lots of people and it will be lively (热闹). B: I don't think so. I don't think 3._ can go. There will be an English test next Monday. Lucy is always nervous before a test, so she must 4._ for the test. Gina told me that she would have to look after her 5._ mother at home that day, because she broke her leg. A: Oh, that's too bad! What are you going to give her as a birthday gift? B: I've got her some CDs. and books, and I'll take some flowers, too. A: Do you think we should bring some 6._ such as potato chips and chocolate? B: Good idea. And we can also play lots of games. We can give them some small gifts if they 7._. A: Great! I'm sure we'll enjoy ourselves. But do you think the neighbors will 8._ if we make some noise? B: I don't think so. Helen always gets on very well with her neighbors. A: That's great! I can't 9._ for the party. B: 10._ am I. I'm really looking forward to it. Lesson Four Why don’t you talk to your parents? 一、重点词汇。 1. allow v. 允许;准许 允许某人做某事 允许做某事 2. deal n. 协议/交易 和......做买卖 v. 处理 处理 许多;大量 重要的事 3. relation n.关系;联系 n.关系;联系 adj. 有关系的; n.亲戚 4. communicate v.交流 n.交流;沟通 与某人交流 5. argue v. 争吵;争论 n.争论 为某事与某人争吵 说服某人做某事 6. cloud n.云 adj. 多云的; 7. old adj. 年老的 adj. 更年老的 8. instead 代替:却 + n/代词/ V-ing 9. nervous adv. adv. n.紧张不安 10. offer v.主动提出:自愿给予 为某人提供来物 11. proper adj. 正确的;恰当的 adv. 12. second第二 (序数词) 13.explain v解释说明 n. 向某人解释 14. clear adj.清楚的 adv. 15. return v. 归还;回来 归还某物给某人 16. press v.按压 n.压力 在......的压力下 17. compete v. 竞争;对抗 n.竞争 n.竞争者 为某物而与某人竞争 18.opinion n. 意见;想法 对......发表意见 19.quick adj. adv. 20.crazy adj. 不理智的;疯狂的 adv. 着迷;热衷 发病;疯狂 使某人疯狂 21.develop v.发展 n.发展;发育;成长 二、重点短语。 1. 允许某人做某事 2. 与某人发生争执 3. 通过电话谈论它 4. 快速查看;浏览 5. 没什么大不了的 6 成功地发展;解决 7 和睦相处;关系良好 8 拒绝做某事 9. 感到孤独 10. 主动帮助(父母) 11. 适当的交流 12. 和某人交流 13 向某人解释 14. 落在家里 15. 不再 16. 信任某人 17 与…竟争 18. 上课外辅导班 19. 普遍的问题 20. 一个典型的美国家庭 21. 带某人去足球训练 22. 删除;删去 23.I 是(做)…的时间 24. 比较;对比 25 把…逼得太紧 26. 为某人自己着想 27. 体育锻炼和技能实践 28. 在很早的年纪开始学习 29. 依……看 30. 再多等几天 31. 继续做(另一件)事 32. 继续做(同一件)事 33. 把A比作B 34. 删除 砍倒 切断;中断 切碎 插入;插嘴 35. 发现某人做某事 习题训练 单项选择。 ( ) 1. - Excuse me, may I come in now? -Not yet. Please wait on your chair _ your name is called. A. until B. after C. since ( )2. My parents don't allow me _ TV on weekdays. A. watch B. watching C. to watch ( ) 3. The math problem is too difficult. I can't _ A. work out it B. work them out C. work it out ( ) 4. Speak loudly, _ I can hear what you are saying. A. so that B. even if C. as long as ( ) 4. When I went into the room, I found my son _ on the floor. A. lie B. lying C. lay ( ) 5. - If you help me with my English, I’ll buy you a cake. - _. A. It's a deal B. Of course C. I hope so ( ) 6. Action movies are so boring. Let's watch a comedy _. A. However B. instead C. anyway ( ) 7. -Would you mind _ down the radio? - The little baby is sleeping. A. turning B. turned C. to turn ( ) 8. This couple often argue _ each other _ small matters. A. with; about B. with; with C. about; with ( ) 9. Molly offered _ me some advice on how to organize the party. A. give B.to give C. giving ( )10. _ she is young, she is able to took after herself well. A. Because B. Although C. If ( )11. You will never know what you can do _ you have a try. A. Unless B. since C. while ( )12. The workers continued _ even though it was late. A. work B. working C. to work ( ) 13. Many people give money to Project Hope _ help the poor children to go to school. A.as soon as B. so that C. in order to ( )14. You'd better _ the unimportant parts when you rewrite the report. A. cut out B. cut up C. cut down ( ) 15. The teacher's words caused him _ his mind at last. A. change B to change C. changing 根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Why not _ with your brother? Proper _ can solve problems and make relations strong. ( communicate) 2. Why not _ ( write) him a letter and ask him the reason? 3. Jack is so kind that he often offers _ (help) us when we are in trouble. 4. I found Jane _ ( look ) through my things when I came into the classroom. 5. Tom doesn't mind you _ (close) the door. 6. My parents don't allow me _ (play) computer games on weekdays. 7. There may not be a _ solution to every problem, but we must prepare _ so that everyth