精品解析：江西省抚州市2023-2024学年高二下学期学生学业质量监测英语试卷

抚州市2023—2024学年度下学期学生学业质量监测 高二英语试题卷 说明：（1）本试题卷共10页，包括四部分，考试时间120分钟，总分150分； （2）答案需写在答题卡相应的位置上，不得在本试题卷上作答，否则不给分； （3）所有考试结束3天后，考生可凭准考证号登录智学网（www.zhixue.com）查询考试成绩，密码与准考证号相同。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where is the man’s umbrella? A. In his car. B. On the desk. C. In the drawer. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man mean? A. No one can win the prize. B. Tina should have more confidence. C. The contest is intended for senior speakers. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is Lisa probably? A. A doctor. B. An actress. C. A football player. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the man make the phone call? A. To cancel a sports event. B. To make an appointment. C. To get information on tickets. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Doing a task. B. Selecting a course. C. Leading a company. 第二节 （共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Where does Sam suggest going? A. To a theater. B. To a restaurant. C. To a coffee shop. 7. How does Rita feel about the plan? A. Excited. B. Uninterested. C. Disappointed. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What will Clark help Annie do? A. Clean her apartment. B. Feed her dog. C. Water her plants. 9. When will Clark go to Annie’s house? A. On Monday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What was the program mainly about? A. Horses and wars. B. Different uses of horses. C. Horses from different countries. 11. What seems to surprise the man? A. People use horses for fun. B. Horse races take place everywhere. C. Horses are still used for hard labor. 12. What will the woman do this weekend? A. Work on a farm. B. Attend a wedding. C. Go horse riding. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What is introduced about the development of AI? A. It is overused sometimes. B. It has been applied to many fields. C. It may pose threats to transportation. 14. What does Mr. Hastings believe will happen in the future? A. AI may cure early-stage cancer. B. Personal data can be well protected. C. AI’s application will constantly expand. 15. What’s the woman’s attitude towards the future of AI? A. Positive. B. Doubtful. C. Indifferent. 16. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Employer and employee. B. Radio host and guest. C. Salesman and customer. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What is the main topic of Ella’s blogs? A. Fashion trends. B. Money saving tips. C. Clothes for students. 18. What made the blog first known to the public? A. A newspaper report. B. A TV program. C. A photo. 19. What does Bonnie do for the blog? A. He takes photos. B. He acts as models. C. He does Eden’s make-up. 20. Which period of clothes has recently inspired Ella most? A. The 1920s. B. The 1970s. C. The 1980s. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A AI & Theatre: A Discussion at the Library for the Performing Arts With the development of technology, there is a wide use of Al in many aspects of our lives. The Library for the Performing Arts invites you to an afternoon discussion next Thursday. In the discussion, the hope is neither to promote nor to denigrate(贬低)AI—instead, lectures will allow listeners to have an open discussion about the potential impacts of AI on theatre at a crucial stage in its technological advancement. Seating Policy Programs are free and open to all, but registration is requested a week earlier. Registered guests are given priority and allowed to check in 15 to 30 minutes before the start time and holding seats for anyone is prohibited. If you arrive after the program starts, your seat will be arranged at a special place by our staff. Food or drink is not allowed inside. Standby Line If registration has ended, do not worry! We welcome you to the library regardless of registration status and you can wait in our standby line. Five minutes before the program starts, all remaining seats are released to attendees in the standby line. While this is not guaranteed, we will do our best to get you into any of our programs. Assistive Listening and Interpretation Interpretation in English and the real-time caption (说明文字) are available on request. Please submit your request at least two weeks in advance by emailing us ataccessibility@nypl.org. Audio and Video Recording Programs may be photographed and recorded by the Library for the Performing Arts. If you would prefer your image not to be photographed, please let us know and we can seat you accordingly. Please note that all recordings, including professional video recordings, are not allowed during the discussion. 21. What’s the purpose of the discussion? A. To promote the application of AI. B. To show the disadvantages of AI. C. To explore the influence of AI on theater. D. To appreciate the development of technology. 22. How can you ensure a seat at the discussion? A. Pay a registration fee. B. Sign up for it ahead of time. C. Wait in the standby line earlier. D. Contact the library staff a day ahead. 23. What can people do if they attend the discussion? A. Hold a seat for a friend. B. Ask for the real-time caption. C. Broadcast the discussion live. D. Take photos during the discussion. B My 15-year-old daughter landed her first job this summer as a dishwasher at the local cafe, making$16 an hour. And I was filled with pride and unrequested advice. After her first shift, my daughter issued her grievances. She was on her feet for hours on end! The water was extremely hot! She was too busy to eat dinner! And every time she turned around, the sink was piled high with pots and pans covered in cheese and sauce! I panicked. Over the next few days, I tried talking to my daughter about what she could do differently. I tried coaching her on how to ask her manager for a 15-minute snack break. And I offered her a pair of rubber gloves. My daughter would have none of it. As the weeks wore on, she got to know the work well. Oh, she still complained. But she told me that she was gamifying (游戏化) the washing system, that the line cooks had an amusing middle school sense of humor, and that the head chef was developing a dessert that she got to taste-test before it hit the menu. Plus, there was the money. The other day she said that during her first week at work, she didn’t understand how to clock in and out on the time clock (考勤钟). “So, I told my boss the clock wasn’t working for me and I texted him my hours,” she said. “But later on, I watched a few other people clock in and figured it out.” “You know, sometimes it’s OK to ask for help,” I advised. As soon as I saw her wounded look, I regretted my words. Why was I correcting her when she’d eventually found the solution on her own? That was her chance to grow, learn, and gain independence and responsibility. Last night she told me excitedly the boss asked her to do some salad preparation. When I heard the news, I smiled happily. A promotion already! For a teenager, having a summer job is a beautiful growing experience, and for a parent, watching your child experience it is an exercise in learning to let go. 24. What does the underlined word “grievances” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Complaints. B. Securities. C. Warnings. D. Standards. 25. How did the daughter respond to her mother’s instructions? A. She complained of them. B. She adopted some of them. C. She thought highly of them. D. She paid no attention to them. 26. What can we learn about the daughter from the fourth paragraph? A. She earned a higher salary. B. She tried to impress the chef. C. She liked playing games at work. D. She adapted herself to the job. 27. Why did the daughter wear a wounded look? A. She was corrected by her mother. B. She didn’t know how to ask for help. C. She was wounded while washing dishes. D. She didn’t get enough support from the boss. C Forgetting names, faces, or events is a universal human experience; even those who see their minds sharp struggle with memory loss from time to time. Most consider these mental mistakes to be annoying, and they’re seen as a potentially worrisome sign of cognitive (认知) decline. But neurologist Scott Small, who studies and treats Alzheimer’s disease at Columbia University, thinks this view of forgetting is all wrong. In fact, some amount of forgetfulness is critical for our minds and relationships to function at their best. Living in a noisy ever-changing world, forgetting details is actually a perfect adaptation. It allows our brains to generalize. Creativity isn’t making something out of nothing. It’s making connections between already-known elements-ideas, words, visuals, or expressions—to create something new. But to make new connections, the existing connections in your mind have to be loose. If the connections between those elements are too tightly bound in our memory, there’s no room for creativity. We’re developing drugs to protect against memory loss. But many psychologists have joked that what they want is a forgetfulness drug. Too much memory poses a challenge in any long-term relationship. Anger, hatred—they come from not being able to let go of emotional memories. People who repeatedly think of anger or fear suffer, often in loneliness. What can we do to help our brains forget what we need to forget? One of the best ways to make sure that you don’t have a brain that’s burning too hot with bad memories is to stay socially engaged. Another thing to do is to sleep, and sleep well. Many experts have concluded that we sleep in order to forget, so it makes sense that sleep has been shown to improve creativity. If you’re short of sleep, your brain is on fire with too many memories. The brain is like a lawn of grass—you need to keep it trimmed (修剪) to make way for new memories, new connections, and new growth. 28. How do most people think of forgetfulness? A. It is critical in life. B. It is mental disorder. C. It is a frequent occurrence. D. It is their annoyance. 29. What can we learn from the second paragraph? A. Too much memory blocks our creativity. B. Our brain can’t adapt to ever-changing world. C. Sleeping well contributes to improved attention. D. Bad memory has terrible impact on our social life. 30. Why is the forgetfulness drug needed? A. Because various pressure makes us sleepless. B. Because some patients forget important things. C. Because too much memory disturbs and bothers us. D. Because many seniors suffer from Alzheimer’s disease. 31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. How to forget past memories B. Why you need to forget stuff C. How to battle with memory loss D. Why forgetfulness enhances creativity D River surfing was inspired by ocean surfing, but its popularity is growing all on its own. Traditional surfing began more than 3,000 years ago in Western Polynesia. First making its way to Hawaii, the sport has since spread across the globe, leaving in its wake wave — chasers from all corners of the planet — even land-locked places. Some surfers hungry for waves but without coastlines have turned to river surfing, which delivers a similar experience in ocean-less conditions. In 1970’s Munich, a small group of adventurous surfers took to the Eisbach River near Englischer Garten Park. Holding tight to two ropes attached to a bridge, they balanced on wooden planks (厚木板) in the river to imitate the ocean surfing they had experienced abroad. This is the moment many river surfers believe the sport was born. River waves are formed either by water flowing quickly downstream over a drop in sea level, creating standing waves, or by tidal bores (涌潮), which occur where rivers meet the sea. The speed of the water controls the energy of a wave, while the length of the drop decides its size. Because the thickness of a wave also matters (surf fails if there’s just a few inches of water), the size of the river channel is also important. Rideable waves can occur with slow flow and small drop conditions if the river channel is narrow enough to create a thick wave, and the opposite is true for wide channels. Because flow can change from day to day and season to season, thanks to a previous winter’s snowfall or other natural phenomena, even an expert has to be at the right spot on the right day to discover a surfable river wave. There are a handful river waves across the U. S. that are particularly worth checking out. Don’t forget your personal equipment and, for rocky or debris-filled (充满杂物的) rivers, a helmet. 32. Which description of river surfing is true from the passage? A. It first occurred in Hawaii. B. It has lasted for more than 3,000 years. C. It actually is a replacement for ocean surfing. D. It has become more popular than traditional surfing. 33. Where is river surfing considered to be created? A. In the Eisbach River. B. In Western Polynesia. C. In Littleton, Colorado. D. In Englischer Garten Park. 34. Which is correct about the river channel? A. It affects tidal bores. B. Its size decides the thickness of waves. C. Narrow river channels create slow river flow. D. Wide river channels contribute to rapid and thick waves. 35. What’s the purpose of the last sentence? A. To note that river surfing is actually fascinating. B. To showcase the difficulty finding a perfect wave. C. To express the necessity of professional equipment. D. To stress the importance of safety when river surfing. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A satellite is an object in space that orbits around another. It has two kinds—natural satellites and artificial satellites. ___36___ while artificial satellites are those made by man. Despite their widespread impact on daily life, artificial satellites mainly depend on different complicated makeups. On the outside, they may look like a wheel, equipped with solar panels or sails. Inside, ___37___, which include whatever tools the satellites need to perform their work. Among them, high-resolution cameras and communication electronics are typical ones. Besides, the part that carries the load and holds all the parts together is called the bus. ___38___. Computers function as the satellite’s brain, which receive information, interpret it, and send messages back to the earth. Advanced digital cameras serve as the satellite’s eyes. Sensors are other important parts that not only recognize light, heat, and gases, but also record changes in what is being observed. Radios on the satellite send information back to the earth. Solar panels provide electrical power for the computers and other equipment. Artificial satellites use gravity to stay in their orbits. ___39___. To stay in the earth’s orbit, the speed of a satellite must adjust to the tiniest changes in the pull of gravity. The satellite’s speed works against earth’s gravity just enough so that it doesn’t go speeding into space or falling back to the earth. Rockets carry satellites to different types and heights of orbits, based on the tasks they need to perform. ___40___, which can be 200-500 miles high. The closer to the earth, the stronger the gravity is. Therefore, these satellites must travel at about 17,000 miles per hour to keep themselves from falling back to the earth, while higher-orbiting satellites can travel more slowly. A Satellites closer to the earth are in low-earth orbit B. Artificial satellites come in many shapes and size C. Examples of natural satellites are the Earth and Moon D. they have different tools to perform different functions E. the satellites contain mission-specific scientific instruments F. Earth’s gravity pulls everything toward the center of the planet G. Artificial satellites operate in a systematic way just like humans 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分 15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When searching for a science fair project, many children scratch (挠) their heads. They ___41___ to find ideas and give up easily. Yet, there are many ___42___. Mesk Abdalsalam is one. When ___43___ her brother’s discomfort as he scratched the dry skin on his elbows, Mesk got ___44___ from it. Mesk realized that software could be a ___45___ to her brother and others when a doctor is ___46___. Mesk an upcoming 11th-grade student, was one of the ___47___ at the Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair (国际科学与工程大奖赛), where Mesk and others ___48___ software solutions to challenging problems. Living in Palestine, Mesk recognized it is extremely ___49___ to get a doctor’s appointment. It took nearly six months for her brother to see a doctor. ____50____, those dry areas on his arms turned out to be eczema (湿疹). Motivated by the situation, Mesk took advantage of artificial intelligence to ____51____ the process. The 16-year-old student designed her innovative software to swiftly ____52____ skin conditions based on photographs. Her smartphone app, called Derma X, can diagnose diverse skin diseases. She ____53____ the software using over 50,000 publicly available pictures related to skin diseases. Due to the large database, the result of Derma X is ____54____ to a great extent. According to Mesk, the app is user-friendly, and it has been ____55____ by many including a doctor who thought highly of it. Derma X earned Mesk fourth place at he ISEF and a $500 prize 41 A. offer B. promise C. struggle D. hurry 42. A. examples B. exceptions C. followers D. scientists 43. A. causing B. guessing C. expressing D. observing 44. A. permission B. trust C. support D. inspiration 45. A. helper B. mess C. disaster D. symbol 46. A. impatient B. unavailable C. thoughtless D. unkind 47. A. leaders B. organizers C. competitors D. guards 48. A. presented B. questioned C. replaced D. developed 49. A. expensive B. risky C. difficult D. common 50. A. Doubtfully B. Accidentally C. Instantly. D. Eventually 51. A. take down B. speed up C. stick to. D. watch for 52. A. improve B. control C. determine D. store 53. A. trained B. advertised C. named D. identified 54. A. readable/ B. reliable C. predictable D. changeable 55. A. fixed B. accepted C. guaranteed D. revised 第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Art Of War is one of the world’s most famous and influential military works, ___56___（write） by the Chinese Strategist Sun Tzu. Whenever there is a battle within ourselves, or conflict in an organization, it provides the necessary advice on how ___57___（approach） that conflict. That’s why it ___58___（recommend）by all famous gurus（大师）. Take a look at some life lessons it teaches us. One of the lessons ___59___ we learn from the work is to choose our battles. It is better to understand when you should engage in a conflict and when it will be wise to avoid any ___60___（argue） at all. This teaching extends beyond the battlefields and applies ___61___ our everyday lives. Planning is the focus of The Art Of War. Having a well-defined strategy before you enter any conflict can guide you through it. In fact, it is ___62___（equal） important in everyday life to have clear SMART goals to increase your chances of success. Knowing yourself is as important as knowing your enemy. Underrating enemy can be ___63___ biggest mistake you make. The Art Of War offers ___64___（value） insights into strategy, leadership, and conflict resolution which makes ___65___ a precious resource for individuals seeking success in their personal and professional lives. 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 66. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你想暑假期间在学校内组建一个英文原版小说阅读微信群。请你用英语写一则通知，内容包括： 1. 建群的目的： 2. 微信群的主要活动 3. 入群的要求。 注意： 1. 词数80左右： 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：a WetChat group微信群 original English novel英文原版小说 NOTICE ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Students’ Union 第二节 （满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jenny always admired powerful and attractive marathon runners and dreamed that one day she could also run a marathon. To make it, one day, she began to seriously prepare. At first, she only set the small goal of running one kilometer each morning. However, she still found it tiring and soon gave up running. As days went on, her weight gradually increased. Upset about her health, she finally decided to lose weight by doing exercise. She began running again. As usual, in the following days, her big problem with exercising was always how to stay motivated. She tried to find guidance from running experts and books. And everything she read indicated that she’d better pair up with a running partner. She followed the advice, but human exercise companions always let her down. Her last exercise companion quit with excuses like, “It’s my turn to do the dishes” at six o’clock in the morning! She hated to admit it, but she had made similar excuses to others and disappointed them in similar ways. Then Brucie appeared in Jenny’s life, a birthday gift from her husband, John. John couldn’t work out with Jenny because he had a bad back. So that job was left to Brucie, a yellow dog. Brucie was quite energetic, which made him destined(注定的) to be a running partner. In the beginning, Brucie and Jenny ran only fifty paces at a time, each set mixed with one hundred paces of walking. “I don’t look foolish starting this way,” thought Jenny, “because Brucie’s bones are too young to make him run much harder.” She was right, and Brucie’s early limitations gave her time to start slowly without feeling awkward. After about nine months, though, Brucie was old enough to run several miles a day and Jenny was fit enough to keep up. From spring to autumn, they logged the miles together every day. However, as winter approached and the weather got colder, maintaining a daily running routine required lots of dedication and determination. And Jenny started to think the dog would be like her previous human partners and that she couldn’t count on the little dog for help with motivation. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 What happened later proved that Jenny was wrong. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One spring morning, Jenny started her first marathon, accompanied by Brucie. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 抚州市2023—2024学年度下学期学生学业质量监测 高二英语试题卷 说明：（1）本试题卷共10页，包括四部分，考试时间120分钟，总分150分； （2）答案需写在答题卡相应的位置上，不得在本试题卷上作答，否则不给分； （3）所有考试结束3天后，考生可凭准考证号登录智学网（www.zhixue.com）查询考试成绩，密码与准考证号相同。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where is the man’s umbrella? A. In his car. B. On the desk. C. In the drawer. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Linda, do you see my umbrella? I couldn’t find it in the drawer of my desk. W: I gave it back to you yesterday. You left it in your car. M: Oh, I remember now. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man mean? A. No one can win the prize. B. Tina should have more confidence. C. The contest is intended for senior speakers. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: I’m worried about tomorrow’s speech contest. M: Are you kidding me, Tina? You are good at giving a speech and you’ve worked so hard on it. If you don’t get the prize, nobody else will. W: Thanks for saying that. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is Lisa probably? A. A doctor. B. An actress. C. A football player. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: What about seeing a film starring our favorite actress tonight, Lisa? W: Sorry, but I can’t make it. I need to perform an emergency operation on a patient’s stomach. M: OK. In that case, I’ll watch a football game. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the man make the phone call? A. To cancel a sports event. B. To make an appointment. C. To get information on tickets. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Hello! This is City Stadium. How can I help you? M: Hello! I want to buy a ticket for this weekend’s sports event. How can I get it? W: Well, the tickets will be sold tomorrow morning. You can book one on our official website. M: OK. Thank you. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Doing a task. B. Selecting a course. C. Leading a company. 【答案】B 【解析】 原文】M: I’ve been researching some courses on personal growth. W: That’s a smart move. What do you want to focus on improving? M: I’m interested in improving my leadership and task management skills. I’ve looked at five courses and I will choose the perfect one. 第二节 （共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Where does Sam suggest going? A. To a theater. B. To a restaurant. C. To a coffee shop. 7. How does Rita feel about the plan? A. Excited. B. Uninterested. C. Disappointed. 【答案】6. A 7. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Will you go out with me this weekend, Rita? We can do anything you like. W: I would love to, Sam! Can we go to dinner? I’ve always wanted to eat at the new restaurant in town. M: Sure! Then we should go to a movie after dinner. I love going to the movies. W: Okay. Then we could get coffee after the movie and talk about it if we’re not ready to go home. That sounds like an amazing night! 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What will Clark help Annie do? A. Clean her apartment. B. Feed her dog. C. Water her plants. 9. When will Clark go to Annie’s house? A. On Monday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 【答案】8. C 9. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Hi, Clark. I need your help. I am traveling to Amsterdam for work next week, and I need someone to watch my apartment. Could you go there and water my plants and feed my cat? I would really appreciate it! M: No problem, Annie. I’ll do it. When do you leave London and when will you return? W: I am flying out of London Heathrow Airport on Monday and will arrive home on Friday. So I need you to visit the apartment from Tuesday through Thursday. I will pay you fifty dollars. M: That sounds great! I will be there. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What was the program mainly about? A. Horses and wars. B. Different uses of horses. C. Horses from different countries. 11. What seems to surprise the man? A. People use horses for fun. B. Horse races take place everywhere. C. Horses are still used for hard labor. 12. What will the woman do this weekend? A. Work on a farm. B. Attend a wedding. C. Go horse riding. 【答案】10. B 11. C 12. B 【解析】 【原文】M: What were you doing when I called you last night? W: I was watching a TV program. It was about how people use horses for various purposes. M: Oh, I love horses. I think they are very useful. W: Yeah. People use them for sports and entertainment, and horse races take place in many countries. M: What else can horses help people do? Did the program tell you about that? W: Yes. The program also pointed out that horses are still used in some countries to do farm work. M: Really? What a hard job! By the way, can you ride a horse? W: Yes, I can. But I don’t ride regularly. How about you? M: I can ride, too. Perhaps we can go horse riding together this weekend. W: I’d love to, but John has invited me to his wedding. How about next weekend? 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What is introduced about the development of AI? A. It is overused sometimes. B. It has been applied to many fields. C. It may pose threats to transportation. 14. What does Mr. Hastings believe will happen in the future? A. AI may cure early-stage cancer. B. Personal data can be well protected. C. AI’s application will constantly expand. 15. What’s the woman’s attitude towards the future of AI? A. Positive. B. Doubtful. C. Indifferent. 16. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Employer and employee. B. Radio host and guest. C. Salesman and customer. 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 16. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Welcome to today’s Insights, Mr Hastings. M: Thank you. I’m honored to be here and discuss AI with you. W: To start with, could you tell us something about the development of AI? M: Certainly. AI will gradually reform various aspects of our lives. It has been applied to education, agriculture, finance, and many other industries. W: Where will it lead us? M: In the future, AI will continue to advance and become an essential part of our daily lives, enabling us to do less and less physical work and solve complex problems more efficiently. W: That’s fascinating. Can you provide some examples? M: Absolutely. In health care, AI can assist in early disease detection and personalized treatment plans. In transportation, AI can control the traffic flow and improve the road safety. Its application is wide and will continue to expand. W: Sounds exciting Are there any potential threats? M: Yes. The biggest concern is human unemployment, as AI may replace certain human roles. Another challenge is to prevent the misuse of personal data. W: Thanks for sharing so much with our audience. I believe with careful and responsible development, AI can bring about significant positive changes to our society. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What is the main topic of Ella’s blogs? A. Fashion trends. B. Money saving tips. C. Clothes for students. 18. What made the blog first known to the public? A. A newspaper report. B. A TV program. C. A photo. 19. What does Bonnie do for the blog? A. He takes photos. B. He acts as models. C. He does Eden’s make-up. 20. Which period of clothes has recently inspired Ella most? A. The 1920s. B. The 1970s. C. The 1980s. 【答案】17. C 18. A 19. C 20. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Good afternoon, I’m Ella. My blog is about clothes for students. I didn’t get many hits at first, but one newspaper wrote something about me, and more people started to look at the blog. Then, a local TV channel interviewed me for a program. Since then, the blog has developed even faster, so I’m no longer working alone. A photographer agreed to take some shots for the site. To better show the clothes, my brother Eden offered to be my model. And I considered hiring a make-up artist. Luckily, Bonnie, my talented friend, helped me. I make sure I include all kinds of clothes to suit a range of tastes for my readers. I try and think about their budgets, too. Most of the clothes I talk about are readily available. As well as showing the latest styles, I also feature classic clothes I’ve found in second-hand shops. Believe it or not, those from the 1920s are the richest sources of ideas for my recent blog posts, although people enjoyed the clothes from the 1970s most. I also got positive comments about stuff from the 1980s. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A AI & Theatre: A Discussion at the Library for the Performing Arts With the development of technology, there is a wide use of Al in many aspects of our lives. The Library for the Performing Arts invites you to an afternoon discussion next Thursday. In the discussion, the hope is neither to promote nor to denigrate(贬低)AI—instead, lectures will allow listeners to have an open discussion about the potential impacts of AI on theatre at a crucial stage in its technological advancement. Seating Policy Programs are free and open to all, but registration is requested a week earlier. Registered guests are given priority and allowed to check in 15 to 30 minutes before the start time and holding seats for anyone is prohibited. If you arrive after the program starts, your seat will be arranged at a special place by our staff. Food or drink is not allowed inside. Standby Line If registration has ended, do not worry! We welcome you to the library regardless of registration status and you can wait in our standby line. Five minutes before the program starts, all remaining seats are released to attendees in the standby line. While this is not guaranteed, we will do our best to get you into any of our programs. Assistive Listening and Interpretation Interpretation in English and the real-time caption (说明文字) are available on request. Please submit your request at least two weeks in advance by emailing us ataccessibility@nypl.org. Audio and Video Recording Programs may be photographed and recorded by the Library for the Performing Arts. If you would prefer your image not to be photographed, please let us know and we can seat you accordingly. Please note that all recordings, including professional video recordings, are not allowed during the discussion. 21. What’s the purpose of the discussion? A. To promote the application of AI. B. To show the disadvantages of AI. C. To explore the influence of AI on theater. D. To appreciate the development of technology. 22. How can you ensure a seat at the discussion? A. Pay a registration fee. B. Sign up for it ahead of time. C. Wait in the standby line earlier. D. Contact the library staff a day ahead. 23. What can people do if they attend the discussion? A. Hold a seat for a friend. B. Ask for the real-time caption. C. Broadcast the discussion live. D. Take photos during the discussion. 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了 The Library for the PerfommingArts 讨论活动的相关注意事项。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In the discussion, the hope is neither to promote nor to denigrate(贬低)AI—instead, lectures will allow listeners to have an open discussion about the potential impacts of AI on theatre at a crucial stage in its technological advancement.(在讨论中，我们希望既不推崇也不诋毁人工智能，相反，讲座将允许听众就人工智能在技术进步的关键阶段对戏剧的潜在影响进行公开讨论。)” 可知，该活动聚焦 AI对戏剧演出的影响。故选C。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Seating Policy 的内容 “Programs are free and open to all, but registration is requested a week earlier. Registered guests are given priority and allowed to check in 15 to 30 minutes before the start time and holding seats for anyone is prohibited. (课程是免费的，对所有人开放，但要求提前一周注册。已登记的客人享有优先权，可以在开始时间前15到30分钟办理登机手续，禁止为任何人占座。)”可知，提前一周登记参会可以得到被分配好的座位。故选B。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Assistive Listening and Interpretation 的内容“Interpretation in English and the real-time caption (说明文字) are available on request.(可应要求提供英语翻译和实时字幕。)”可知，参会者可以申请实时字幕。故选B。 B My 15-year-old daughter landed her first job this summer as a dishwasher at the local cafe, making$16 an hour. And I was filled with pride and unrequested advice. After her first shift, my daughter issued her grievances. She was on her feet for hours on end! The water was extremely hot! She was too busy to eat dinner! And every time she turned around, the sink was piled high with pots and pans covered in cheese and sauce! I panicked. Over the next few days, I tried talking to my daughter about what she could do differently. I tried coaching her on how to ask her manager for a 15-minute snack break. And I offered her a pair of rubber gloves. My daughter would have none of it. As the weeks wore on, she got to know the work well. Oh, she still complained. But she told me that she was gamifying (游戏化) the washing system, that the line cooks had an amusing middle school sense of humor, and that the head chef was developing a dessert that she got to taste-test before it hit the menu. Plus, there was the money. The other day she said that during her first week at work, she didn’t understand how to clock in and out on the time clock (考勤钟). “So, I told my boss the clock wasn’t working for me and I texted him my hours,” she said. “But later on, I watched a few other people clock in and figured it out.” “You know, sometimes it’s OK to ask for help,” I advised. As soon as I saw her wounded look, I regretted my words. Why was I correcting her when she’d eventually found the solution on her own? That was her chance to grow, learn, and gain independence and responsibility. Last night she told me excitedly the boss asked her to do some salad preparation. When I heard the news, I smiled happily. A promotion already! For a teenager, having a summer job is a beautiful growing experience, and for a parent, watching your child experience it is an exercise in learning to let go. 24. What does the underlined word “grievances” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Complaints. B. Securities. C. Warnings. D. Standards. 25. How did the daughter respond to her mother’s instructions? A. She complained of them. B. She adopted some of them. C. She thought highly of them. D. She paid no attention to them. 26. What can we learn about the daughter from the fourth paragraph? A. She earned a higher salary. B. She tried to impress the chef. C. She liked playing games at work. D. She adapted herself to the job. 27. Why did the daughter wear a wounded look? A. She was corrected by her mother. B. She didn’t know how to ask for help. C. She was wounded while washing dishes. D. She didn’t get enough support from the boss. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. D 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章记录了作者女儿暑假外出打工，经历了一系列挫折，作者想用自己的经验去帮助女儿，但却忽略了女儿自身独立成长的必要性。 【24题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线单词下文“She was on her feet for hours on end! The water was extremely hot! She was too busy to eat dinner! And every time she turned around, the sink was piled high with pots and pans covered in cheese and sauce!”（她连续站了好几个小时！水非常烫！她太忙了，没时间吃晚饭！每次她转过身，水槽里都堆满了锅碗瓢盆，上面覆盖着奶酪和酱汁！）再结合第四段中“Oh, she still complained.”（哦，她还在抱怨。）可知，grievance和A项“Complaint抱怨”语义一致。故选A。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“My daughter would have none of it.”（我女儿不会接受这些）可知，女儿没有听从我的教导。none of it固定搭配，“不接受，拒绝接受”。故选D。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“But she told me that she was gamifying the washing system, that the line cooks had an amusing middle school sense of humor, and that the head chef was developing a dessert that she got to taste-test before it hit the menu.”（但她告诉我，她正在将洗涤系统游戏化，流水线厨师有着有趣的中学生幽默感，主厨正在开发一种甜点，在上菜单之前，她可以先品尝一下。）可知，女儿虽然遇到了挫折，但是她正在用自己的方式将这些挫折克服，并且从中找到乐趣，说明她开始适应自己的工作了。故选D。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“As soon as I saw her wounded look, I regretted my words. Why was I correcting her when she’d eventually found the solution on her own”（当我看到她受伤的表情时，我立刻后悔自己说了这句话。她自己最终找到了解决办法，我为什么要纠正她呢？）可知，女儿是因为妈妈纠正她而感到受伤。故选A。 C Forgetting names, faces, or events is a universal human experience; even those who see their minds sharp struggle with memory loss from time to time. Most consider these mental mistakes to be annoying, and they’re seen as a potentially worrisome sign of cognitive (认知) decline. But neurologist Scott Small, who studies and treats Alzheimer’s disease at Columbia University, thinks this view of forgetting is all wrong. In fact, some amount of forgetfulness is critical for our minds and relationships to function at their best. Living in a noisy, ever-changing world, forgetting details is actually a perfect adaptation. It allows our brains to generalize. Creativity isn’t making something out of nothing. It’s making connections between already-known elements-ideas, words, visuals, or expressions—to create something new. But to make new connections, the existing connections in your mind have to be loose. If the connections between those elements are too tightly bound in our memory, there’s no room for creativity. We’re developing drugs to protect against memory loss. But many psychologists have joked that what they want is a forgetfulness drug. Too much memory poses a challenge in any long-term relationship. Anger, hatred—they come from not being able to let go of emotional memories. People who repeatedly think of anger or fear suffer, often in loneliness. What can we do to help our brains forget what we need to forget? One of the best ways to make sure that you don’t have a brain that’s burning too hot with bad memories is to stay socially engaged. Another thing to do is to sleep, and sleep well. Many experts have concluded that we sleep in order to forget, so it makes sense that sleep has been shown to improve creativity. If you’re short of sleep, your brain is on fire with too many memories. The brain is like a lawn of grass—you need to keep it trimmed (修剪) to make way for new memories, new connections, and new growth. 28. How do most people think of forgetfulness? A. It is critical in life. B. It is mental disorder. C. It is a frequent occurrence. D. It is their annoyance. 29. What can we learn from the second paragraph? A. Too much memory blocks our creativity. B. Our brain can’t adapt to ever-changing world. C. Sleeping well contributes to improved attention. D. Bad memory has terrible impact on our social life. 30. Why is the forgetfulness drug needed? A. Because various pressure makes us sleepless. B. Because some patients forget important things. C. Because too much memory disturbs and bothers us. D. Because many seniors suffer from Alzheimer’s disease. 31 Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. How to forget past memories B. Why you need to forget stuff C. How to battle with memory loss D. Why forgetfulness enhances creativity 【答案】28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了遗忘的重要性以及太多的记忆会阻碍我们的创造力。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Most consider these mental mistakes to be annoying, and they’re seen as a potentially worrisome sign of cognitive (认知) decline.(大多数人认为这些心理错误很烦人，它们被视为认知能力下降的潜在令人担忧的迹象。)”可知，大多数人认为这些心理错误（即遗忘）是令人烦恼的。故选D。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“If the connections between those elements are too tightly bound in our memory, there’s no room for creativity.(如果这些元素之间的联系在我们的记忆中过于紧密，就没有创造力的空间)”可知，太多的记忆会阻碍我们的创造力。故选A。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Too much memory poses a challenge in any long-term relationship. Anger, hatred—they all come from not being able to let go of emotional memories. People who repeatedly think of anger or fear suffer, are often in loneliness.(太多的记忆对任何长期关系来说都是一个挑战。愤怒、憎恨——它们都来自于无法放下情绪记忆。那些反复想到愤怒或恐惧的人，往往处于孤独之中。)”可知，需要遗忘药是因为太多的记忆会扰乱和困扰我们。故选C。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要说明了遗忘的重要性以及太多的记忆会阻碍我们的创造力，B项：Why you need to forget stuff(为什么我们要遗忘事情)是最好的标题。故选B。 D River surfing was inspired by ocean surfing, but its popularity is growing all on its own. Traditional surfing began more than 3,000 years ago in Western Polynesia. First making its way to Hawaii, the sport has since spread across the globe, leaving in its wake wave — chasers from all corners of the planet — even land-locked places. Some surfers hungry for waves but without coastlines have turned to river surfing, which delivers a similar experience in ocean-less conditions. In 1970’s Munich, a small group of adventurous surfers took to the Eisbach River near Englischer Garten Park. Holding tight to two ropes attached to a bridge, they balanced on wooden planks (厚木板) in the river to imitate the ocean surfing they had experienced abroad. This is the moment many river surfers believe the sport was born. River waves are formed either by water flowing quickly downstream over a drop in sea level, creating standing waves, or by tidal bores (涌潮), which occur where rivers meet the sea. The speed of the water controls the energy of a wave, while the length of the drop decides its size. Because the thickness of a wave also matters (surf fails if there’s just a few inches of water), the size of the river channel is also important. Rideable waves can occur with slow flow and small drop conditions if the river channel is narrow enough to create a thick wave, and the opposite is true for wide channels. Because flow can change from day to day and season to season, thanks to a previous winter’s snowfall or other natural phenomena, even an expert has to be at the right spot on the right day to discover a surfable river wave. There are a handful river waves across the U. S. that are particularly worth checking out. Don’t forget your personal equipment and, for rocky or debris-filled (充满杂物的) rivers, a helmet. 32. Which description of river surfing is true from the passage? A. It first occurred in Hawaii. B. It has lasted for more than 3,000 years. C. It actually is a replacement for ocean surfing. D. It has become more popular than traditional surfing. 33. Where is river surfing considered to be created? A. In the Eisbach River. B. In Western Polynesia. C. In Littleton, Colorado. D. In Englischer Garten Park. 34. Which is correct about the river channel? A. It affects tidal bores. B. Its size decides the thickness of waves. C. Narrow river channels create slow river flow. D. Wide river channels contribute to rapid and thick waves. 35. What’s the purpose of the last sentence? A. To note that river surfing is actually fascinating. B. To showcase the difficulty finding a perfect wave. C. To express the necessity of professional equipment. D. To stress the importance of safety when river surfing. 【答案】32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了正在流行起来的河流冲浪。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“some surfers hungry for waves but without coastlines have turned to river surfing, which delivers a similar experience in ocean-less conditions(一些渴望海浪但没有海岸线的冲浪者转向了河上冲浪，这在没有海洋的条件下也能提供类似的体验)”可知，一些冲浪者渴望海浪但是却没身处海岸，于是他们转向河流冲浪。河流冲浪能在没有海的条件下带来海上冲浪相似的体验。由此可推知，河流冲浪实际上是海洋冲浪的替代品。故选C项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In 1970’s Munich, a small group of adventurous surfers took to the Eisbach River near Englischer Garten Park... This is the moment many river surfers believe the sport was born.(20世纪70年代的慕尼黑，一小群富有冒险精神的冲浪者来到了恩格利舍加滕公园附近的艾斯巴赫河……这是许多河上冲浪者相信这项运动诞生的时刻。)”可知，河流冲浪被认为诞生在Eisbach River。故选A项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“ Rideable waves can occur with slow flow and small drop conditions if the river channel is narrow enough to create a thick wave, and the opposite is true for wide channels.(如果河道狭窄到足以形成厚波，则在水流缓慢和落差较小的情况下可能会出现可驾驭的波浪，而宽河道则相反。)”可知，如果河道足够窄到可以制造厚的波浪，河道宽则反之。因此，河道可以决定波浪的厚度，从而影响河流冲浪。故选B项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句话中的“Don’t forget your personal equipment and, for rocky or debris-filled（充满杂物的） rivers, a helmet.(不要忘记你的个人装备，对于布满岩石或碎片的河流，也不要忘记头盔。)”可知，不要忘了带上自己的装备，为了应对岩石较多或者充满杂物的河流，戴上一顶头盔。本句是在提醒河流冲浪者带好装备以应对较危险的环境。由此可推知，本句意在强调河流冲浪时安全的重要性。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A satellite is an object in space that orbits around another. It has two kinds—natural satellites and artificial satellites. ___36___ while artificial satellites are those made by man. Despite their widespread impact on daily life, artificial satellites mainly depend on different complicated makeups. On the outside, they may look like a wheel, equipped with solar panels or sails. Inside, ___37___, which include whatever tools the satellites need to perform their work. Among them, high-resolution cameras and communication electronics are typical ones. Besides, the part that carries the load and holds all the parts together is called the bus. ___38___. Computers function as the satellite’s brain, which receive information, interpret it, and send messages back to the earth. Advanced digital cameras serve as the satellite’s eyes. Sensors are other important parts that not only recognize light, heat, and gases, but also record changes in what is being observed. Radios on the satellite send information back to the earth. Solar panels provide electrical power for the computers and other equipment. Artificial satellites use gravity to stay in their orbits. ___39___. To stay in the earth’s orbit, the speed of a satellite must adjust to the tiniest changes in the pull of gravity. The satellite’s speed works against earth’s gravity just enough so that it doesn’t go speeding into space or falling back to the earth. Rockets carry satellites to different types and heights of orbits based on the tasks they need to perform. ___40___, which can be 200-500 miles high. The closer to the earth, the stronger the gravity is. Therefore, these satellites must travel at about 17,000 miles per hour to keep themselves from falling back to the earth, while higher-orbiting satellites can travel more slowly. A. Satellites closer to the earth are in low-earth orbit B. Artificial satellites come in many shapes and size C. Examples of natural satellites are the Earth and Moon D. they have different tools to perform different functions E. the satellites contain mission-specific scientific instruments F. Earth’s gravity pulls everything toward the center of the planet G. Artificial satellites operate in a systematic way just like humans 【答案】36. C 37. E 38. G 39. F 40. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人造卫星的组成、运行方式和速度等基本情况。 【36题详解】 根据上文“A satellite is an object in space that orbits around another. It has two kinds—natural satellites and artificial satellites.(卫星是太空中围绕另一个物体运行的物体。它有两种——天然卫星和人造卫星。)”和下文“while artificial satellites are those made by man.(然而人造卫星是由人类制造的。)”可知，上文提到了卫星有两种，自然卫星和人造卫星，下文提到了人造卫星，空处应该解释什么是自然卫星。C项：Examples of natural satellites are the Earth and Moon(自然卫星的例子是地球和月球)符合语境。故选C。 【37题详解】 根据上文“On the outside, they may look like a wheel, equipped with solar panels or sails.(在外面，它们可能看起来像一个轮子，配备了太阳能电池板或帆。)”可知，上文提到人造卫星的构造，其中提到它们内部包含完成任务所需的工具。因此，接下来的句子应该详细描述这些工具是什么。E项：the satellites contain mission-specific scientific instruments(卫星载有特定任务的科学仪器)符合语境。故选E。 【38题详解】 根据下文“Computers function as the satellite’s brain, which receive information, interpret it, and send messages back to the earth. Advanced digital cameras serve as the satellite’s eyes. Sensors are other important parts that not only recognize light, heat, and gases, but also record changes in what is being observed. Radios on the satellite send information back to the earth. Solar panels provide electrical power for the computers and other equipment.(计算机就像卫星的大脑一样，接收信息，解释信息，并将信息发回地球。先进的数码相机充当卫星的眼睛。传感器是另一个重要部件，它不仅能识别光、热和气体，还能记录所观察到的变化。卫星上的无线电把信息发回地球。太阳能电池板为电脑和其他设备提供电力。)”可知，下文详细描述了人造卫星的组成部分以及它们的功能，如计算机、高级数字相机、传感器、无线电和太阳能电池板等，这些部分协同工作，使得人造卫星能够执行各种任务。因此，这里需要一个句子来概括人造卫星的工作方式。G项：Artificial satellites operate in a systematic way just like humans(人造卫星像人类一样以系统的方式运作)符合语境。故选G。 【39题详解】 根据下文“To stay in the earth’s orbit, the speed of a satellite must adjust to the tiniest changes in the pull of gravity. The satellite’s speed works against earth’s gravity just enough so that it doesn’t go speeding into space or falling back to the earth.(为了保持在地球轨道上运行，卫星的速度必须根据引力最微小的变化进行调整。卫星的速度与地球的重力刚好相反，所以它不会加速进入太空或落回地球。)”可知，下文提到人造卫星需要调整速度来对抗地球的引力，以保持轨道稳定。因此，本句需要解释为什么需要这样做。F项：Earth’s gravity pulls everything toward the center of the planet(地球的引力把所有东西都拉向地球的中心)符合语境。故选F。 【40题详解】 根据下文“Therefore, these satellites must travel at about 17,000 miles per hour to keep themselves from falling back to the earth, while higher-orbiting satellites can travel more slowly. (因此，这些卫星必须以每小时约17000英里的速度运行，以防止自己落回地球，而轨道较高的卫星可以运行得更慢。)”可知，空处需要一个句子来引出这些卫星的轨道高度。A项：Satellites closer to the earth are in low-earth orbit(靠近地球的卫星在近地轨道上)符合语境。故选A。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分 15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When searching for a science fair project, many children scratch (挠) their heads. They ___41___ to find ideas and give up easily. Yet, there are many ___42___. Mesk Abdalsalam is one. When ___43___ her brother’s discomfort as he scratched the dry skin on his elbows, Mesk got ___44___ from it. Mesk realized that software could be a ___45___ to her brother and others when a doctor is ___46___. Mesk, an upcoming 11th-grade student, was one of the ___47___ at the Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair (国际科学与工程大奖赛), where Mesk and others ___48___ software solutions to challenging problems. Living in Palestine, Mesk recognized it is extremely ___49___ to get a doctor’s appointment. It took nearly six months for her brother to see a doctor. ____50____, those dry areas on his arms turned out to be eczema (湿疹). Motivated by the situation, Mesk took advantage of artificial intelligence to ____51____ the process. The 16-year-old student designed her innovative software to swiftly ____52____ skin conditions based on photographs. Her smartphone app, called Derma X, can diagnose diverse skin diseases. She ____53____ the software using over 50,000 publicly available pictures related to skin diseases. Due to the large database, the result of Derma X is ____54____ to a great extent. According to Mesk, the app is user-friendly, and it has been ____55____ by many including a doctor who thought highly of it. Derma X earned Mesk fourth place at he ISEF and a $500 prize. 41. A. offer B. promise C. struggle D. hurry 42. A. examples B. exceptions C. followers D. scientists 43. A. causing B. guessing C. expressing D. observing 44. A. permission B. trust C. support D. inspiration 45. A. helper B. mess C. disaster D. symbol 46. A. impatient B. unavailable C. thoughtless D. unkind 47. A. leaders B. organizers C. competitors D. guards 48. A. presented B. questioned C. replaced D. developed 49. A. expensive B. risky C. difficult D. common 50. A. Doubtfully B. Accidentally C. Instantly. D. Eventually 51. A. take down B. speed up C. stick to. D. watch for 52. A. improve B. control C. determine D. store 53. A. trained B. advertised C. named D. identified 54. A. readable/ B. reliable C. predictable D. changeable 55. A. fixed B. accepted C. guaranteed D. revised 【答案】41. C 42. B 43. D 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了巴勒斯坦即将升入11年级的学生Mesk Abdalsalam如何从一个日常观察中获得灵感，开发出一款创新的皮肤诊断软件Derma X，并在国际科学与工程博览会（ISEF）上获得第四名和500美元奖金的故事。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们努力寻找想法，很容易放弃。A. offer提供；B. promise承诺；C. struggle努力，挣扎；D. hurry赶快。根据上文“When searching for a science fair project, many children scratch (挠) their heads.”可知，在寻找科学展览项目时，他们在努力寻找方法。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，也有很多例外。A. examples例子；B. exceptions例外；C. followers追随者；D. scientists科学家。根据下文“Motivated by the situation, Mesk took advantage of artificial intelligence to ___11___ the process.”可知，Mesk在遇到困难时，没有放弃，而是积极寻找解决办法，因此她是个例外。故选B。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当梅斯克看到弟弟挠手肘上干燥的皮肤时感到不适时，她从中得到了灵感。A. causing引起；B. guessing猜测；C. expressing表达；D. observing观察。根据“her brother’s discomfort as he scratched the dry skin”可知，Mesk观察到弟弟挠手肘上干燥的皮肤。故选D。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. permission允许；B. trust信任；C. support支持；D. inspiration灵感，鼓舞。根据下文“Motivated by the situation,”可知，Mesk获得了灵感。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当医生不在场时，梅斯克意识到软件可以成为她弟弟和其他人的“助手”。A. helper助手，帮助者；B. mess混乱；C. disaster灾难；D. symbol象征，符号。根据下文“Her smartphone app, called Derma X, can diagnose diverse skin diseases.”可知，Mesk发明了一个软件做助手。故选A。 【46题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. impatient没有耐心的；B. unavailable难以获得的，不可用的；C. thoughtless欠考虑的；D. unkind不友善的。根据下文“It took nearly six months for her brother to see a doctor.”可知，此处指在找不到医生的情况下。故选B。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：即将升入11年级的梅斯克是雷杰龙国际科学与工程博览会上的参赛者之一，在那里，梅斯克和其他人展示了针对各种挑战性问题的软件解决方案。A. leaders领导；B. organizers组织者；C. competitors竞争者；D. guards警卫。根据“at the Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair”可知，Mesk是参赛者之一。故选C。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. presented展示，呈现；B. questioned质疑；C. replaced代替；D. developed发展。根据“software solutions to challenging problems.”可知，在比赛中，梅斯克和其他人展示了针对各种挑战性问题的软件解决方案。故选A。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：住在巴勒斯坦的梅斯克认识到，预约医生是极其困难的。A. expensive昂贵的；B. risky冒险的；C. difficult困难的；D. common普通的，普遍的。根据下文“It took nearly six months for her brother to see a doctor.”可知，预约医生很困难。故选C。 【50题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，他手臂上那些干燥的地方原来是湿疹。A. Doubtfully怀疑地；B. Accidentally偶然地；C. Instantly立刻，马上；D. Eventually最终。根据“those dry areas on his arms turned out to be eczema”可知，在看过医生之后，弟弟最终确诊为湿疹。故选D。 【51题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这种情况的激励下，梅斯克利用人工智能加快了这一过程。A. take down记下；B. speed up加速；C. stick to坚持；D. watch for监视，注意。根据“It took nearly six months for her brother to see a doctor.”可知，Mesk利用人工智能加速了确诊皮肤病的过程。故选B。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位16岁的学生设计了一款创新的软件，可以根据照片快速判断皮肤状况。A. improve提高，改善；B. control控制；C. determine决定，确定；D. store储存。根据“skin conditions based on photographs”可知，Mesk设计的软件可以根据照片快速确定皮肤状况。故选C。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她使用超过5万张与皮肤病相关的公开图片来训练软件。A. trained训练；B. advertised做广告；C. named给……命名；D. identified鉴定，识别。根据“using over 50,000 publicly available pictures related to skin diseases.”可知，Mesk使用超过5万张与皮肤病相关的公开图片来训练软。故选A。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于数据库庞大，Derma X的结果在很大程度上是可靠的。A. readable通俗易懂的；B. reliable可靠的；C. predictable可预测的；D. changeable多变的。根据“Her smartphone app, called Derma X, can diagnose diverse skin diseases.”和“Due to the large database”可知，Derma X的结果在很大程度上是可靠的。故选B。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅斯克表示，这款应用用户友好，很多人都接受了它，包括一位对它评价很高的医生。A. fixed修理；B. accepted接受；C. guaranteed保证；D. revised修改，复习。根据“by many including a doctor who thought highly of it.”可知，很多人都接受了这款应用。故选B。 第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Art Of War is one of the world’s most famous and influential military works, ___56___（write） by the Chinese Strategist Sun Tzu. Whenever there is a battle within ourselves, or conflict in an organization, it provides the necessary advice on how ___57___（approach） that conflict. That’s why it ___58___（recommend）by all famous gurus（大师）. Take a look at some life lessons it teaches us. One of the lessons ___59___ we learn from the work is to choose our battles. It is better to understand when you should engage in a conflict and when it will be wise to avoid any ___60___（argue） at all. This teaching extends beyond the battlefields and applies ___61___ our everyday lives. Planning is the focus of The Art Of War. Having a well-defined strategy before you enter any conflict can guide you through it. In fact, it is ___62___（equal） important in everyday life to have clear SMART goals to increase your chances of success. Knowing yourself is as important as knowing your enemy. Underrating enemy can be ___63___ biggest mistake you make. The Art Of War offers ___64___（value） insights into strategy, leadership, and conflict resolution which makes ___65___ a precious resource for individuals seeking success in their personal and professional lives. 【答案】56. written 57. to approach 58. is recommended##has been recommended 59. that##which 60. argument 61. to 62. equally 63. the 64. valuable 65. it 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了《战争的艺术》一书的价值及其对现代生活的启示。 【56题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：《战争的艺术》是世界上最有名、最有影响力的军事作品之一，由中国战略家孙子所著。分析句子结构，is为系动词，后需接表语，空处为定语修饰名词works，且works和write之间为被动关系，需用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填written。 【57题详解】 考查疑问词+不定式。句意：无论我们内心有怎样的斗争，还是组织间的冲突，它都提供了必要的建议，告诉我们如何面对这种冲突。分析句子结构，on为介词，后需接宾语，且根据句意可知，how to approach that conflict为“how+不定式”结构作介词on的宾语，表示“如何面对这种冲突”。故填to approach。 【58题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：这就是为什么它被所有著名的大师所推荐。分析句子结构，在why引导的表语从句中，it为主语，recommend为谓语动词，且根据句意可知，此处描述的是一般事实，也可理解成为对现在造成的影响，时态为一般现在时或现在完成时，且it和recommend之间为被动关系，需用一般现在时或现在完成时态的被动语态。故填is recommended/has been recommended。 【59题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我们从这部作品中学到的一个教训就是要选择我们的战斗。分析句子结构，lessons为先行词，空处需填关系词引导定语从句，且关系词在从句中作learn的宾语，需用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 【60题详解】 考查名词。句意：最好了解你应该何时参与冲突，何时明智地避免任何一个争论。分析句子结构，any后需接名词作宾语，argue为动词，其名词形式为argument，argument为可数名词单数形式，any argument 可译为“任何一个争论”。故填argument。 【61题详解】 考查介词。句意：这一教学超越了战场，适用于我们的日常生活。分析句子结构，applies为谓语动词，后需接宾语，且根据句意可知，此处表示“适用于……”，需用介词to。故填to。 【62题详解】 考查形容词。句意：事实上，在日常生活中，有明确的目标以增加你成功的机会同样重要。分析句子结构，设空处为状语修饰表语形容词important，应用副词作状语，需将形容词equal 改为副词equally。故填equally。 【63题详解】 考查冠词。句意：低估敌人可能是你犯下的最大错误。根据句意可知，设空处应用the修饰形容词最高级表示“最大的错误”。故填the。 【64题详解】 考查形容词。句意：《战争的艺术》提供了关于战略、领导和冲突解决的有价值的见解，这使得它成为个人在个人和职业生活中追求成功的宝贵资源。分析句子结构，insights为名词，空处需填形容词作定语修饰名词，value为名词，其形容词形式为valuable，意为“有价值的”。故填valuable。 【65题详解】 考查代词。句意：《战争的艺术》提供了关于战略、领导和冲突解决的有价值的见解，这使得它成为个人在个人和职业生活中追求成功的宝贵资源。分析句子结构，空格所在句为which引导的定语从句，修饰前面的名词“insights”，makes为谓语动词，且makes后缺宾语，需用代词指代主句主语The Art Of War，这是一本书，需用it代替。故填it。 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 66. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你想暑假期间在学校内组建一个英文原版小说阅读微信群。请你用英语写一则通知，内容包括： 1. 建群的目的： 2. 微信群的主要活动 3. 入群的要求。 注意： 1. 词数80左右： 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：a WetChat group微信群 original English novel英文原版小说 NOTICE ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Students’ Union 【答案】NOTICE To help students improve their English reading ability as well as offer guidance when necessary, a WeChat group where students share their experience of reading original English novels will be set up in the coming summer vacation. Group members are encouraged to communicate with each other online about the original English novel they’ve read, which will allow them to have a better understanding of the book. Any student who is interested is welcome to join it. But every participant must finish reading tasks on time and obey the rules of the group. If you want to become a better English novel reader, please contact me, whose WeChat number is 13623456789. Let’s share the joy of reading together. Students Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生就暑假期间在学校内组建一个英文原版小说阅读微信群的打算写一则通知。 【详解】1.词汇积累 帮助：help→assist 鼓励某人做某事：encourage sb to do sth→inspire sb to do sth. 允许某人做某事：allow sb to do sth→permit sb to do sth 遵守：obey→conform to 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：But every participant must finish reading tasks on time and obey the rules of the group. 拓展句：But every participant must finish reading tasks on time and obey the rules of the group so that our activity can proceed normally. 【点睛】[高分句型1] To help students improve their English reading ability as well as offer guidance when necessary, a WeChat group where students share their experience of reading original English novels will be set up in the coming summer vacation.（运用了动词不定式作目的状语，省略句，where引导限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] Group members are encouraged to communicate with each other online about the original English novel they’ve read, which will allow them to have a better understanding of the book.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 第二节 （满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jenny always admired powerful and attractive marathon runners and dreamed that one day she could also run a marathon. To make it, one day, she began to seriously prepare. At first, she only set the small goal of running one kilometer each morning. However, she still found it tiring and soon gave up running. As days went on, her weight gradually increased. Upset about her health, she finally decided to lose weight by doing exercise. She began running again. As usual, in the following days, her big problem with exercising was always how to stay motivated. She tried to find guidance from running experts and books. And everything she read indicated that she’d better pair up with a running partner. She followed the advice, but human exercise companions always let her down. Her last exercise companion quit with excuses like, “It’s my turn to do the dishes” at six o’clock in the morning! She hated to admit it, but she had made similar excuses to others and disappointed them in similar ways. Then Brucie appeared in Jenny’s life, a birthday gift from her husband, John. John couldn’t work out with Jenny because he had a bad back. So that job was left to Brucie, a yellow dog. Brucie was quite energetic, which made him destined(注定的) to be a running partner. In the beginning, Brucie and Jenny ran only fifty paces at a time, each set mixed with one hundred paces of walking. “I don’t look foolish starting this way,” thought Jenny, “because Brucie’s bones are too young to make him run much harder.” She was right, and Brucie’s early limitations gave her time to start slowly without feeling awkward. After about nine months, though, Brucie was old enough to run several miles a day and Jenny was fit enough to keep up. From spring to autumn, they logged the miles together every day. However, as winter approached and the weather got colder, maintaining a daily running routine required lots of dedication and determination. And Jenny started to think the dog would be like her previous human partners and that she couldn’t count on the little dog for help with motivation. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 What happened later proved that Jenny was wrong. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One spring morning, Jenny started her first marathon, accompanied by Brucie. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: What happened later proved that Jenny was wrong. Brucie turned out to be the most reliable running partner she could have ever hoped for. No matter how cold and dark it was, he would always eagerly wait by her side, ready to start their daily run together. His unwavering dedication and enthusiasm served as a constant reminder of the commitment she had made to herself, helping her maintain her motivation even in the toughest conditions. One spring morning, Jenny started her first marathon, accompanied by Brucie. The race was challenging, but with each step she took, she felt an overwhelming sense of accomplishment and gratitude. She knew that without Brucie’s unwavering support and companionship, she would never have been able to achieve this incredible milestone. As they crossed the finish line together, Jenny couldn’t help but feel a deep connection with her loyal running partner, who had not only helped her achieve her dream but also taught her the true meaning of perseverance and determination. 【解析】 【导语】本文以事件发展为线索展开，渴望跑马拉松的珍妮在锻炼时一直苦于保持动力，直到她从丈夫那里收到了一只充满活力的黄色小狗布鲁斯做为生日礼物。起初，由于布鲁斯还很小，他们的训练进度较为缓慢。但九个月后，他们已经能每天共同跑下数英里。尽管珍妮曾怀疑布鲁斯能否在严冬中保持动力，但他最终证明自己是一位专注且可靠的跑步伙伴，不仅加深了他们之间的纽带，还帮助珍妮实现了健身目标。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“后来发生事证明珍妮是错的”可知，第一段可描写布鲁斯非常可靠，成为珍妮理想的跑步伙伴，以及他的存在让珍妮保持动力。 ②由第二段首句内容“一个春日早晨，珍妮在布鲁斯的陪伴下开始了她的首场马拉松比赛”可知，第二段可描写珍妮在比赛中的感受，以及比赛结束后得到的感悟。 2. 续写线索：珍妮是错的——布鲁斯陪伴——珍妮保持动力——参加比赛——感受——感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①发生：happen/come about ②结果是：turn out/prove to be ③帮助：help/assist 情绪类 ①成就感：sense of accomplishment/triumphant feeling of success ②感受到与……的联系：feel connection with/experience a profound bond with 【点睛】[高分句型1] His unwavering dedication and enthusiasm served as a constant reminder of the commitment she had made to herself, helping her maintain her motivation even in the toughest conditions. (现在分词短语作状语) [高分句型2] As they crossed the finish line together, Jenny couldn’t help but feel a deep connection with her loyal running partner, who had not only helped her achieve her dream but also taught her the true meaning of perseverance and determination. (as引导时间状语从句、who引导限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null