2024年仁爱科普版中考英语语法专题之状语从句（一）

状语从句 Review 1.I will call you after dinner. 2.She feels sad because of the bad weather. 3.He studies hard in order to do well in the exam. S V O 时间状语 S V P 原因状语 S V 程度状语 目的状语 = I will call you after I have dinner. 时间状语从句 = She feels sad because the weather is bad. 原因状语从句 一、定义 状语从句（Adverbial Clause） 在复合句中作状语的从句叫状语从句，它可修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。状语从句一般由从属连词或词组引导。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。 e.g. I will call you as soon as I arrive there. e.g. If he comes back, please let me know. e.g. Although he is old, he still runs every day. 按作用分，状语从句有以下常见类别： 状语从句 时间状语从句 条件状语从句 原因状语从句 结果状语从句 目的状语从句 让步状语从句 二、时间状语从句 引导词 when while as before/after until/till/not...until as soon as 在....时候 在....期间 一边...一边... 在....之前/后 直到.../直到...才.... 一...就.... 1.when 当....的时候 when引导的从句谓语动词既可以是瞬间性动词，也可以是延续性动词，从句的动作和主句的动作既可同时发生，也可以是先后发生。 瞬间性动词 延续性动词 瞬间性动词 e.g. ①It was snowing when he arrived at the station. ②Tom came back when we were cooking dinner. ③When I got to the airport, the guests had left. 2.while 在....期间 while引导的时间状语从句强调主句动作在从句动作进行的过程发生，或者同时发生。从句的谓语动词必须为延续性动词，常用进行时。 ①While Linda was sleeping, Jenny ________________(help) me with my homework. ②The boy fell asleep while I ________________(read) the story. was helping was reading as 引导的时间状语从句还可以表示“一边……一边……；随着”。 ①As they danced, they sang a song. ②As she grew older, she gained in confidence. ③It was raining hard as I got there. 3.as 一边……一边……；随着 他们边唱边跳。 随着年龄增长，她的信心也增加了。 我到达那里时，正在下大雨。 4.before & after 在……之前/之后 ①我们应该饭前洗手。 __________________________________________________________ ②在我写完作业后，我要去遛狗。 ________________________________________________________________ We should wash our hands before we have meals. I will take the dog for a walk after I finish my homework. 5.till/until 直到..... till /until 引导的时间状语从句，肯定句时主句的谓语动词必须为延续性动词。 She watched TV until/till her mother came back. 她看电视直到她母亲回来。（看电视的动作延续到母亲回来） 否定句：not......until......直到....才....；不到...不... We won't leave here until the rain stops. 直到雨停我们才会离开这里。/雨不停我们不会离开这里。 6.as soon as 一……就…… 我一到北京就给你打电话。 __________________________________________________________ 他一完成工作就和你去看电影 __________________________________________________________ I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. He will go to the movies with you as soon as he finishs his work. 【中考链接】 1. —Please give the Chinese book to Linda. —OK. ________ I see her, I will give it to her. A. As soon as B. Unless C. Before 2. It's raining too hard outside. We won't leave ________ the rain stops. A. if B. after C. when D. until 3. You should turn off the lights ________ you leave the room. A. until B. before C. although D. so 4. (while) ________________________________________________________ While he was reading a book, the telephone rang. 三、条件状语从句 引导词 如果 if 如果不；除非 unless 只要 as long as 1.if 如果...... if 表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句。 如果明天不下雨，我们就去野餐。 _____________________________________________________________ If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go for a picnic. ① ② 如果你学习更努力，你下次就会考的更好。 _____________________________________________________________ If you work harder, you will do better in the exam. if 引导的条件状语从句的复合句有时可以转换为: 祈使句+and/or...+陈述句 ①如果你认真听讲，你就会学的更好。 _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ②如果你不早点起床，你就会错过火车。 _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ If you listen to the teacher carefully, you will study better. =Listen to the teacher carefully, and you will study better . If you don't get up early, you will miss the train. =Get up early, or you will miss the train. 2. unless 如果不....;除非.... unless表示“如果不；除非”。相当于“if...not” e.g. I won't go to the party unless I'm invited.(被邀请） = I won't go to the party if I'm not invited. You will fall behind unless you practice more. =You will fall behind if you don't practice more. 3. as long as 只要.... as long as 表示“只要”，相当于so long as ①You can go out as/so long as you promise(承诺) to be back before 10 o'clock. _________________________________________________________________ ②So long as one keeps calm, one doesn't feel the heat too much. _________________________________________________________________ 你可以出去，只要你答应在十点前回来。 心静自然凉。 【中考链接】 ①For our safety, we must keep away from the tall buildings ________ the wind blows hard. A. if B. although C. so ②Zhang Guimei once said. “________ I’m alive, I will donate (献身) myself to teaching.” A. Even though B. As soon as C. As long as ③Miss Xu goes running in Huanghe Park every morning ________ it rains. A. unless B. till C. since D. as 四、原因状语从句 引导词 because since as 因为...... 既然.... 由于.... 1.because 因为...... because表示“因为……”，可以用来回答why引导的问句， 不能与so连用。 ①因为她没有可以交谈的朋友，所以她感到很孤单。 _________________________________________________________________ ②因为他考试考砸了，所以他似乎很沮丧。 _________________________________________________________________ Because she has no friends to talk with, she feels lonely. He seems upset/disappointed because he failed the exam. 2.since 既然...... since表示“既然……”，用来表达对方已经知道的事实或理由，一般位于句首。 相当于now that。 ①Since everybody is here, let's begin. ②Since he was tired, he decided to have a rest. ③Now that the kids have left home, we've got a lot of free time. 3.as 由于...... as表示“由于……”，用来表示较为明显的原因，语气较弱，比较口语化。 ①As you were out, I left a message. ______________________________________________________ ②She may need some help as she's new. ______________________________________________________ 你不在，我留了一张字条儿。 他是新来的，可能需要一些帮助。 【中考链接】 1. （because, teacher, angry) _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 2. （because, like, relaxed) _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ His teacher is angry with him because he was late for school/class again. She likes traveling because it makes her relaxed. 五、状语从句时态 1.具体情况具体分析 ①When I am free, I always go to the library with my friends. ②He was sleeping when/while the phone rang. ③I don't like him because he laughed at me before. ④If you keep exercising every day, you will become stronger. 2.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，如果主从句都是表示还未发生的动作，通常遵循以下时态规则： ①I will tell you the truth when I get to Beijing. ②Please let me know if you have any problems. ③You could drive the car after you get the driver's license(驾照). 主将 从现 主祈 从现 主情 从现 【中考链接】 1. —Lucy, the Dragon Boat Festival is coming. I want to learn how to make zongzi. —OK. If my grandma ________ free tomorrow, she will teach us. A. is B. are C. am D. will be 2. If you go to the concert with us tomorrow, you ________ a great time there. A. have B. had C. will have D. have had Exercises 一、单项选择。 1. Our classroom won't be clean_____we clean it every day. A. after B. while C. unless D. because 2. We are making a big cake ________ it's Dad's birthday today. A. because B. until C. once 3. —Happiness is about having each tiny wish come true. —________ we work hard, we’ll make our life full of happiness. A. If B. Unless C. Though 4. —Time to go home, Peter. —Wait a minute. I can't go home ________ I finish cleaning the hallway. A. since B. after C. until 二、看图写话。 ① (if, not, rain) ② (like, because, build up) ③ (while,sing) ④ (when, grow,want) 1.________________________________________________________________________________ 2.________________________________________________________________________________ 3.________________________________________________________________________________ 4.________________________________________________________________________________ He will go fishing if it doesn't rain. She likes riding because it can build her up. She was sining while the other girl was dancing. I want to be a policeman when I grow up. Thank you ! $$