2024年人教版中考英语被动语态

中考------被动语态 一、 语态 英语动词有两种语态： 语态和 语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的 。 被动语态表示主语是动作的 。 被动语态的结构：由 + ”构成， 要随着主语人称和数以及时态的不同而变化。 口诀: 宾变主,主变宾, by短语后面跟, 谓语变 be done,时态不变，数格要注意。 二、被动语态 (一)用被动语态： 1.强调动作的承受者。 她深受她父母的影响。 这个英语老师被所有学生喜爱。 2.不知道/没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。 这本书是为孩子而写。 茶叶被加工于广州。 (二)不用被动语态： 1. 没 有 被 动 的 词 : happen, take place, come true, appear, disappear An accident (happen) yesterday. Great changes (take place) in the past few years. Earthquakes(地震) always (happen) suddenly. 2. 当宾语是相互代词 each other 或反身代词时，不能用被动语态。 They (help) each other learn English. 3.以下词作不及物动词时sell, wash, read, write, open, close,shut, lock, wear+well等 这本书畅销 This book well. 这种布容易洗 The kind of cloth well. 这车好开 The car well. 4.主动表被动 need/want/require doing=sth. need to be done房间需要(被) 打扫 The rooms needs cleaning. 我的外套需要洗。 My coat .=My coat wants . 你的自行车需要修理。 Your bike . =Your bike needs . 5.特殊句型: It's believed/reported/said that…人们相信/据报道/据说… 三、主动变被动 (1) My friend sends some nice presents to the poor children.(改为被动语态) 肯定: Some nice presents to the poor children my friend. 否定: Some nice presents to the poor children my friend. 一般疑问句: some nice presents to the poor children your friend? 特殊疑问句: What to the poor children my friend? (2) The girls sing the song after class. 肯定： 否定： 一般疑问句： 特殊疑问句： (3) People grow rice in the south of China.(变为被动) (4) The girl doesn't clean her room.(变为被动句) (5) Does she make dinner every day? (变为被动句) (6) Do you water your flowers every day?(变为被动句) (7) Tom is using the computer now. (8) She has finished her homework. (9) The policeman caught the thief yesterday. 四、时态: 1、一般现在时 is/am/are+done 2、一般过去时 was/were+done 3、一般将来时 will be+done 4、现在完成时 have/has+done 5、现在进行时: am/is/are being+done 6、过去进行时: was/were being +done 7、过去完成时: had been +done (1) 日常生活中有太多水被浪费。 Too much water in our daily life. (2)汉语被越来越多的外国人学习。 Chinese by more and more foreigners. (3)许多中国商品通过丝绸之路被卖到西方。 Many Chinese things to western countries through the Silk Road. (4)这座花园三分之二的面积被绿色植物覆盖。 Two thirds of the garden with green plants. (5)派对里需要的东西已经被准备好了。 Things for the party . (6)我的钱包在车站找到了。 My wallet on the bus station. (7)他的腿被碎玻璃割伤了。 His leg broken glass. (8)古时候，火被用来向远处的人发出信号。 In ancient time, fire to send out signs to people far away. (9) 昨天小偷被警察抓了。 The thief the police yesterday. (10)一只小狗被送给她作为生日礼物。 A dog to her as a gift for her birthday. (11)上周在这条路上发生了一起事故。 An accident on this road last week. (12)去年我们学校新建了一个图书馆吗? a new library in our school last year? (13) 我校正在举行运动会。(hold) The sports meeting in our school. (14)长江上正在修建另一座大桥。 Another bridge over the Changjiang River. (15)一个演讲将于下周在学校礼堂举行。(give) A speech in the school hall next week. (16)我的工作将在明天完成。 My work tomorrow. (17)房子将在明年修建吗? the house next year? (18)图书馆没有一本书被拿走 Not a book in the library . (19) 到目前为止, 月球已经被人类发现了。(visit) So far, the moon by man already. (20)在过去的几年里，全世界有成千上万部电影被制作出来。 (produce) In the past few years, thousands of films all over the world. 四、特殊情况 (一)主动表被动： 系动词: look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste等, 三变: get, turn, become, 三保持: keep/remain/stay (1) It (smell) terrible. (2) The house (look) nice. (3) The food (taste) good. (4) Leaves (turn) yellow in Autumn. (二)含有双宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，直接宾语作主语时，间接宾语应改为介词to 或 for的状语。V+sb.+sth.=V+sth.+to/for+sb. 加 to 的动词: give, bring, pass, lend, write, show,sell, offer, tell等 加 for的动词: buy, cook, choose, get, make, sing等 1. Jack tells us the truth. The truth by Jack. We the truth Jack. 2. She gave me a book. A book by her. I a book by her. 3. She shows me her new dress. Her new dress me by her. I her new dress by her . 4. My friend bought me a book yesterday. A book me by my friend yesterday. I a book by my friend yesterday. 5. Tom makes her a nice card on her birthday. A nice card by Tom on her birthday. She a nice card by Tom on her birthday. (三)动词短语是不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词。 We should take good care of the old men. →The old men should . (四)宾语加上宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。变被动语态时宾语补足语保留在原处，成为主语补足…。 I told her to wait for you. →She by me. (五) 在感官动词(look, see, watch, hear, notice 等) 使役动词(make, let, have) 的不定式在被动中要加to。 e. g. make sb. do sth.→be made to do sth. hear sb. do sth.→be heard to do sth. 1. I hear Alice sing in classroom. Alice in classroom. 2. I always saw him play soccer on the playground. He by me on the playground. 3. He makes me laugh every day. I by him every day. 六、单项选择 ( )1. Many trees on the streets every years. So the air is very fresh now. A. plant B. are planted C. planted D. were planted ( )2. If you see the cartoon film, you will laugh. A.be made B. be made to C. make to D. make ( )3.—Did Jack come to our party yesterday? ——No, he . A. didn't invite B. wasn't invited C. isn't invited D. hasn't invited ( ) 4. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, well. A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold ( )5. The words that we should pay attention to on the blackboard. A. being written B. are written C. is writing D. be written ( ) 6. The novel by many people today. A. is read B. are read C. reads D. were read ( ) 7. Last year, Shenzhou-8 into the space. It made us proud. A. is sent B. was sent C. sends D. sent ( )8. It's difficult for the village children to cross the river to get to school. We think a bridge over the river. A. was built B. should be built C. has been built D. is being built ( )9. No conclusion before we complete this test. A. is made B. will be made C. has made D. makes ( ) 10. If this kind of thing at once, the whole situation will be much worse. A. isn't stopped B. won't be stopped C. didn't stop D. hasn't stopped ( ) 11. Andy loves playing the piano. He the piano after school very often. A. is heard play B. is heard to play C. hears playing D. hears play ( )12. This pair of shoes hand, and it very comfortable. A. is made with; is felt B. are made from;is felt C. are made of; feels D. is made by; feels ( )13. Because of the support from all over the country, beautiful new buildings here and there in the earthquake -hit areas in Sichuan. A. can see B. can be seen C. will be seen D. see ( )14. —Drunken drive is dangerous, isn't it? —Yeah. That why drunken drivers to prison even without causing accidents. A. sent B. are sent C. send D. are sending ( )15. —Your classroom is really bright and clean. —It after school every day. A. is cleaned B. cleaned C. was cleaned D. cleans ( ) 16. —How many people will to your birthday party? —Twelve. A. invite B. be invited C. be inviting D. be invite ( ) 17. So far this year, many new houses in Wenchuan with the help of the government. A. build B. are built C. will build D. have been built ( ) 18. It's said that the coal on the earth in100years. A. is run out B. will be run out C. is come out D. will be come out ( ) 19. —I want to borrow the book, but I don't know how long it may . ——For two weeks. A. keep B. be borrowed C. borrow D. be kept ( )20.—I won't come to the party unless Sue ,too. —You mean if Sue comes you'll come? A. will be invited B. is invited C. will invite D. invites 六、用所给词的适当形式填空。 (1) Jim, thanks for the pen you give to me. It (write) well. (2) Many traffic accidents (caused) by careless driving. (3) Chinese (learn) by more and more people from all over the world today. (4) Some nice presents (send) often to the poor children by my friend. (5) The special event in China (celebrate) with a special party every year. (6) As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese (teach) in more and more schools out of our country. (7) You (give) lunch at school. So you don't have to bring your own food. (8) What language (speak) in Canada? (9) Which language the most widely (speak)in the world? (10) The students often (tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. (11) Most of the earth's surface (cover) by water. (12) French (not use) widely in China. (13) Excuse me, sir, smoking (allow) in the gas station. (14) J. K. Rowling who (invite) by our school next week is a very famous writer from England. (15) The accident (happen) on a busy road yesterday. (16) Most of his money (spend) on stamps. (17)— Will you go to Lisa's housewarming party next Sunday?—Well, if I , I will go on time. (18) It's said that the long bridge (build) in two months. (19) Justin is practicing harder these days because the basketball match (play) next week. (20) The lost boy (not find) so far. (21) Is our school (visit) by many people every day? (22) Last year a large number of trees (cut) down. (23) The old man is ill. He (must send) to the hospital. (24) Can the magazine (take) out of the library? (25) The stars can't (see) in the daytime. (26) He was made (clean) the room with his brothers yesterday. 七、完成句子。 1. My father gave me a book yesterday.(同义句转换) A book me by my father yesterday. I a book by my father yesterday. 2. I cooked my mom breakfast on her last birthday.(同义句转换) My mom breakfast on her last birthday by me. Breakfast my mom on her last birthday by me. 3. I saw Tom dancing in the classroom when I passed by.(同义句转换) Tom in the classroom when I passed by. 4. I often see Tom chat with his parents after school.(同义句转换) Tom often with parents after school. 5. People believe that if you put your heart into something, you are sure to succeed in it.(同义句转换) that if you put your heart into something, you are sure to succeed in it. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$