专题03 短文填空-【好题汇编】5年（2020-2024）中考1年模拟英语分类汇编（重庆专用）

专题03 短文填空 【五年考情回顾】 年份 体裁 主题内容 2024年 A卷：说明文 B卷：说明文 A卷：本文介绍了充足睡眠的重要性。 B卷：本文主要是介绍畅想未来的几个例子。 2023年 A卷：说明文 B卷：说明文 A卷：本文主要介绍了经常性饮用冷水对身体所产生的不良影响。 B卷：介绍成功人士的一些习惯。 2022年 A卷：说明文 B卷：记叙文 A卷：本文主要讲述了三种学习方法。 B卷：本文通过王小姐和她母亲的经历告诉我们老人现在过度使用手机，这样会引起很多问题，所以作者建议年轻人要多拜访老人，老人也要多做一些其他活动。 2021年 A卷：说明文 B卷：说明文 A卷：本文向我们介绍做一个好领导的建议。 B卷：本文通过一项研究来证明记笔记的好处，本文着重介绍了如何提高记笔记技巧。 2020年 A卷：说明文 B卷：说明文 A卷：本文主要讲的是有时候，走神可以带来新的创造；然而，走神也会妨碍你完成工作，让你夜不能寐，或者损害你的健康，并给出了改善走神的方法：做运动和活动；专注于你正在做的事情；控制焦虑的想法。 B卷：我们都想过我们梦想的生活，但有时候一些消极的想法会阻止我们前进。这篇短文中作者给我们提出了一些建议，告诉我们如何对待这些消极想法，让我们的生活继续前行，从而实现我们的梦想。 （2024·重庆·中考真题）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。 “Do you get enough sleep?” The answer is probably no if you ask a tired student who is always taking a nap (小睡) on a classroom desk. “I couldn’t get to sleep and experienced a restless night again.” You may often hear such words from an adult. Not having enough 1 is a common problem around the world. However, sleep is just like food and water to us. 2 of us can live if we don’t sleep at all. Sleep experts say that an adult requires 7 to 9 hours of sleep a night and a teenager needs 8.5 to 9.5 hours. Anything less could be h 3 to our health. According to a study, sleeping only five hours a night for a week is like having a blood-alcohol (酒精) level of 0.1 percent. That is above the safe driving limit (限制) in most countries. Most people probably wouldn’t take an exam or go to work if they get drunk. But 4 enough sleep, they still do these things. As a result, they 5 in the exams or perform badly at work. What’s worse, doctors and nurses often work long hours. When they are sleepy, they might hurt a patient or even 6 a patient’s death by accident. 7 sleep is so important, many people these days are not getting enough. In a survey, twenty percent say that daytime sleepiness influences their daily work. They feel it hard to pay full attention during the day. However, they don’t seem to care. Some even show off how energetic they can be the next day just with little sleep. It may be time to wake up and 8 the way we think. We should realize that not sleeping enough is a serious problem. 【答案】1．sleep 2．None 3．(h)armful 4．without 5．fail 6．cause 7．Though/Although 8．change 【导语】本文介绍了充足睡眠的重要性。 1．句意：睡眠不足是世界上一个普遍的问题。enough形容词，修饰名词，根据“Do you get enough sleep?”可知此处介绍睡眠不足的问题，sleep表示“睡眠”。故填sleep。 2．句意：如果不睡觉，我们不能生存。根据“if we don’t sleep at all”可知不睡觉，大家都不能生存，none of表示“没有”，强调三者或三者以上都不，位于句首，首字母大写。故填None。 3．句意：任何不足都可能对我们的健康有害。根据“Sleep experts say that an adult requires 7 to 9 hours of sleep a night and a teenager needs 8.5 to 9.5 hours.”可知此处介绍睡眠不足对健康有害，此空为形容词作表语，harmful表示“有害的”。故填(h)armful。 4．句意：但是没有充足的睡眠，他们仍然做这些事。根据“Most people probably wouldn’t take an exam or go to work if they get drunk.”可知饮酒不能做的事，但是没有充足的睡眠仍然会去做。介词without表示“没有”。故填without。 5．句意：结果他们考试失败或者在工作中表现不好。此空为谓语动词，根据“in the exams or perform badly at work.”可知此处指考试失败，fail表示“失败”，主语是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填fail。 6．句意：当他们困了的时候，他们可能会伤害病人，甚至意外导致病人的死亡。or连接并列的动词原形，根据“a patient’s death by accident.”可知此处指意外导致人死亡，cause表示“引起”。故填cause。 7．句意：尽管睡眠如此重要，现在很多人也没有充足睡眠。根据“sleep is so important, many people these days are not getting enough.”可知此句是让步状语从句，用though或although引导，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Though/Although。 8．句意：也许是时候醒过来，改变我们的思维方式了。and连接并列的动词原形，根据“We should realize that not sleeping enough is a serious problem.”可知此处指改变“我们”的思维方式，change表示“改变”。故填change。 （2024·重庆·中考真题）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。 In the world that we are creating very quickly, we’re going to see more and more things that look like science fiction, and fewer and fewer things that look like jobs. For example, our cars are very quickly going to start driving 9 . That means we’re going to need fewer drivers. At the same time, there might be some new kinds of 10 in the future. Let’s have a look at some of them. Robots will become more common in our homes and schools, so we’ll need people who know 11 to fix them. These workers will be like robot doctors, finding out what’s wrong with a robot and helping it get better. Imagine going on vacation to space! In the future, more people might be interested in space travel, so we might need g 12 who can show tourists around the stars and planets. As AI (人工智能) is developing fast, we’ll need people to check that it works properly. We call these people AI rule keepers. They will make 13 that AI won’t do anything harmful to humans. School might look different in the future, with lessons designed just for you. Then we’ll need p 14 learning planners. These planners would create special learning plans 15 each student, so that everyone could get what they need to succeed. These are just a few examples of the jobs we might have in the future. The best way to get ready for these future jobs is to be open to new ideas and never 16 learning. Knowledge will remain important, and problem solving and critical (批判性的) thinking skills will be needed for our future education and work. 【答案】9．themselves 10．jobs 11．how 12．(g)uides 13．sure 14．(p)ersonal 15．for 16．stop 【导语】本文主要是介绍畅想未来的几个例子。 9．句意：例如，我们的汽车很快就会开始自动驾驶。根据“For example, our cars are very quickly going to start driving...”可知，汽车会自动驾驶，此处指cars，用themselves代替。故填themselves。 10．句意：与此同时，未来可能会有一些新的工作。根据后文介绍可知，是未来的一些新工作，jobs“工作”符合语境，故填jobs。 11．句意：机器人将在我们的家庭和学校变得越来越普遍，所以我们需要知道如何修理它们的人。根据“so we’ll need people who know...to fix them”可知，我们需要知道如何修理它们的人，how“如何”符合语境，故填how。 12．句意：在未来，更多的人可能会对太空旅行感兴趣，所以我们可能需要导游，他们可以带领游客参观恒星和行星。根据“so we might need g... who can show tourists around the stars and planets”可知，我们可能需要导游带领游客参观恒星和行星，guides“导游”符合语境，故填(g)uides。 13．句意：他们将确保人工智能不会对人类造成任何伤害。根据“They will make...that AI won’t do anything harmful to humans.”可知，确保人工智能不会对人类造成任何伤害，make sure“确保”，故填sure。 14．句意：然后我们需要个人学习规划师。根据“Then we’ll need p... learning planners. These planners would create special learning plans...”可知，需要个人学习规划师，personal“个人的”，作定语修饰其后的名词，故填(p)ersonal。 15．句意：这些规划师会为每个学生制定特殊的学习计划，这样每个人都能得到他们成功所需的东西。plans for“……的计划”，故填for。 16．句意：为这些未来的工作做好准备的最好方法是接受新想法，永不停止学习。根据“...to be open to new ideas and never...learning”可知，永不停止学习，stop“停止”，祈使句用动词原形，故填stop。 （2023·重庆·中考真题）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。 After exercising, the first thing that you want to do is to drink up a glass of cold water. When the water travels down your throat, you will 17 so good. However, you are often told not to do so. Is drinking 18 water really unhealthy? Cold water is said to slow down a person’s digestion(消化). Having cold water or a cold drink makes your body’s temperature l 19 . Cold water causes your blood vessels (血管) to become narrower (更狭窄的). So, the body needs to burn energy to bring your 20 back to normal. At the same time, less energy is used for digestion. Think of your digestive system as a burning pot. If someone suddenly poured cold water into this pot what would 21 ? Doing this would be dangerous. Similarly, when you drink cold water while eating, it is 22 adding water to a burning pot. Of course, it isn’t that bad, but it is a good way to explain why drinking cold water during meals maybe a bad idea. 23 you cannot control your urge(冲动) to do so, drinking water at room temperature is a better choice. Traditional Chinese medicine suggests trying to avoid drinking cold water. And modern studies in Europe point out drinking cold water causes headaches. Scientists are doing more research on this. Maybe in the future t 24 can give us more helpful information. 【答案】17．feel 18．cold 19．(l)ower 20．temperature 21．happen 22．like 23．If 24．(t)hey 【导语】本文主要介绍了经常性饮用冷水对身体所产生的不良影响。 17．句意：当水顺着你的喉咙流下来时，你会感觉很好。根据“After exercising, the first thing that you want to do is to drink up a glass of cold water.”可知很多人运动后，要做的第一件事就是喝一杯冷水，因为水顺着喉咙流下来时，会感觉很好，feel“感觉”，动词，will后用动词原形，故填feel。 18．句意：喝冷水真的不健康吗？根据下文“Cold water is said to slowdown a person’s digestion(消化).”可知是指冷水，应用cold water，故填cold。 19．句意：喝冷水或冷饮会使你的体温变低。根据“Having cold water or a cold drink makes your body’s temperature l...”可知喝冷水会降低体温，low“低的”，形容词。make sb adj“使某人变得”，故填(l)ower。 20．句意：所以，身体需要燃烧能量来使你的体温恢复正常。根据“So, the body needs to burn energy to bring your...back to normal”可知喝冷水后身体需要燃烧能量来使你的体温恢复正常，此处应填名词temperature“温度”。故填temperature 。 21．句意：把你的消化系统想象成一个燃烧的锅，如果有人突然往锅里倒冷水，会发生什么？根据“If someone suddenly poured cold water into this pot what would...”可知是指如果向燃烧的热锅里倒冷水会发生什么，happen“发生”，动词，would后加动词原形，故填happen。 22．句意：同样，当你在吃饭的时候喝冷水，就像在烧着的锅里加水一样。根据“when you drink cold water while eating, it is...adding water to a burning pot”可知此处是作比喻，在吃饭的时候喝冷水就像在烧着的锅里加水。like“像”，介词，故填like。 23．句意：如果你无法控制自己想要喝水的冲动，那么在室温下喝水是更好的选择。根据“you cannot control your urge(冲动) to do so, drinking water at room temperature is a better choice.”可知前句是后句的条件，应用if引导条件状语从句，故填If。 24．句意：也许未来他们可以给我们更多有用的信息。根据“Scientists are doing more research on this. Maybe in the future t...can give us more helpful information.”可知科学家们正在对此进行更多的研究。说明未来他们也许可以给我们更多有用的信息。they“他们”符合语境，故填(t)hey。 （2023·重庆·中考真题）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺，并将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。 Many successful people follow a similar routine (常规). This helps them make the best use of their days. This also helps sleep well at night. One of the most important things successful people do is to get ready for the next day the night before. Let’s see 25 they do that. Learn to relax Successful people say it is important to relax. Some enjoy listening to music, w 26 others like taking a bath before going to bed. Studies show that a 15-minute bath an hour or two before bedtime helps them sleep better. Sleeping well tonight means a good day tomorrow. Put the phone down Studies show that the blue light from a phone is bad for our sleep. Successful people c 27 their phone use. They don’t sleep with their phones nearby. They put phones away an hour 28 bedtime and they use an alarm clock to wake up. Think about today Before sleep, it helps to think about the day. Many 29 people think about the good things from the day. This helps them to learn and to change. It also 30 them to make a plan for a good (perhaps even better) day tomorrow. Make a 31 Many successful people make plans for their activities the next day. It helps them sleep well. This is important because sleeping b 32 sometimes makes everything seem worse the next day. Making plans also helps them wake up relaxed, happy and ready for the new day. 【答案】25．how 26．(w)hile 27．(c)ontrol 28．before 29．successful 30．helps/encourages 31．plan 32．(b)adly 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍成功人士的一些习惯。 25．句意：让我们看看他们是怎么做的。根据“Let’s see...they do that.”和后文介绍可知，是介绍方法，how“如何”符合语境。故填how。 26．句意：一些人喜欢听音乐，而另一些人喜欢在睡觉前洗个澡。根据“Some enjoy listening to music, w...others like taking a bath before going to bed.”可知，前后构成对比关系，while“然而”符合语境，故填(w)hile。 27．句意：成功人士会控制手机的使用。根据“Successful people c...their phone use. They don’t sleep with their phones nearby.”可知，成功人士会控制手机的使用，control“控制”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(c)ontrol。 28．句意：他们在睡觉前一小时把手机收起来，用闹钟叫醒自己。根据“They put phones away an hour...bedtime”可知，他们在睡觉前一小时把手机收起来，before“在……之前”符合语境。故填before。 29．句意：许多成功的人都会想到一天中美好的事情。根据“Many...people think about the good things from the day.”和全文内容可知，谈论成功人士，successful“成功的”，作定语修饰people。故填successful。 30．句意：这也能帮助/鼓励他们为美好的（甚至更好的）明天做一个计划。根据“It also...them to make a plan for a good (perhaps even better) day tomorrow.”可知，回顾一天可以帮助/鼓励为明天做一个计划，help“帮助”/encourage“鼓励”，时态是一般现在时，主语是It，动词用三单。故填helps/encourages。 31．句意：制定一个计划 根据“Many successful people make plans for their activities the next day.”可知，本段建议制定一个计划，plan“计划”，a修饰可数名词单数。故填plan。 32．句意：这一点很重要，因为睡眠不好有时会让第二天的事情看起来更糟。根据“This is important because sleeping b...sometimes makes everything seem worse the next day.”可知，睡眠不好有时会让第二天的事情看起来更糟，用副词badly修饰动词。故填(b)adly。 （2022·重庆·中考真题）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。 As students, you should study hard. More importantly, you should study in a smart way. Try these methods below. Spaced Repetition According to Ebbinghaus, you’ll 33 easily if you don’t review in time. After you read your study material for the first time, you’d better come back to it 6 hours later, then 24 hours later, 3 days later, 7 days later or even 14 days later and above. Repeat it 34 least 5 times, and you can almost remember everything. Jim Kwik's Technique(方法) According to Jim Kwik,  an expert on reading and the memory, the key to understanding your reading material is to ask question. You can put a line down the 35 of a piece of paper. On the left, take notes of key information,while on the right, write down 3 kinds of questions—how, when and why. Among the questions, the most important 36 is how you can use the key information. Connect it with the knowledge you’ve 37 known. And think about what real life problems you can solve by using it. This helps to keep the information your mind. The Feynman Technique Studies show students can understand what they’ve learned better when they 38 someone else. The Feynman technique includes 4 basic steps. First, study. Second, teach what you’ve just learned to someone with zero knowledge of the subject in 39 words. Third, find out which parts you can explain well and which parts you can’t. Go back to the book and try to understand the topic once again. Fourth, repeat the steps above   40 you can explain the topic without looking at the book. 【答案】33．forget 34．at 35．middle 36．one 37．already 38．teach 39．other 40．until 【导语】本文主要讲述了三种学习方法。 33．句意：根据艾宾浩斯的说法，如果你不及时复习，你很容易忘记。根据“easily if you don’t review in time”以及常识可知不及时复习容易遗忘，forget“忘记”，will后加动词原形。故填forget。 34．句意：重复至少5次，你几乎可以记住所有内容。根据“least 5 times”可知是至少5次，at least“至少”。故填at。 35．句意：你可以在一张纸的中间画一条线。根据“You can put a line down the...of a piece of paper. On the left...while on the right...”可知是在纸的中间画一条线，the middle of“……的中间”。故填middle。 36．句意：在这些问题中，最重要的是如何使用关键信息。根据“Among the questions, the most important”可知是最重要的问题，此处用one代指可数名词单数。故填one。 37．句意：将它与你已经知道的知识联系起来。根据“Connect it with the knowledge you’ve...known”可知是把问题和已经知道的知识联系起来，already“已经”，副词。故填already。 38．句意：研究表明，当学生教别人时，他们可以更好地理解他们学到的东西。根据“Second, teach what you’ve just learned to...”可知当学生教别人时，他们学得更好，teach“教”，描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语是they，谓语动词用原形。故填teach。 39．句意：其次，用其他的语言把你刚刚学到的东西教给对这个主题知识为零的人。根据“teach what you’ve just learned to someone with zero knowledge of the subject in...words”可知是用其他的话把自己学到的知识教给别人，other“其他的”，后加名词复数。故填other。 40．句意：第四，重复上面的步骤，直到你不用看书就能解释这个话题。根据“repeat the steps above...you can explain the topic without looking at the book”可知是重复这些步骤直到可以解释，until“直到”，引导时间状语从句。故填until。 （2022·重庆·中考真题）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。 Miss Wang recently had a worrying experience. One morning, just as she arrived at her 41 , Wang noticed some missed calls from her mother. “It must be something very important,” she thought to herself. Right away, she called her mother 42 quite worriedly. To her surprise, Wang found her mother only wanted her charger (充电器), which Wang took to the office by mistake. When Wang hurried home from her office, she found her mother’s 43 was still 70% charged. And her mother was worried that it would run out of power as she continued using it. Now Wang realizes the seriousness of the problem. Her mother 44 eight hours a day playing games, reading news and watching short videos online. And her mother has problems like poor eyesight, headache and so on. This story is not special and Wang’s mother is not 45 . She is just one in a growing population of the old who lose themselves in playing with phones. As the old have 46 chances to join in social activities, a smart phone is the best way to kill time. But too much time on phone can cause many problems. “Be careful when using your phones, 47 you will be easily fooled!” Although the old are always warned like this, online frauds (欺骗) still happen to them. Now there are more family problems. Action should be taken. For the old, they should control their screen time and get enough rest. The young, for their part, should often visit the old, and help them learn more about online safety so that they can 48 themselves. Also, the young can do more activities with the old like talking, walking and traveling, or encourage them to learn something at the universities for the aged. 【答案】41．office 42．back 43．phone 44．spends 45．alone 46．fewer 47．or 48．protect 【导语】本文通过王小姐和她母亲的经历告诉我们老人现在过度使用手机，这样会引起很多问题，所以作者建议年轻人要多拜访老人，老人也要多做一些其他活动。 41．句意：一天早上，她刚到办公室，就注意到她妈妈的一些未接电话。根据“When Wang hurried home from her office”可知她到达了办公室，office“办公室”。故填office。 42．句意：马上，她很着急的给妈妈回了电话。根据“she called her mother...”以及上文可知，看到妈妈的未接电话，会回电话，call sb. back“给某人回电话”。故填back。 43．句意：王小姐从办公室赶回家时，发现妈妈的手机还有70%的电量。根据“she found her mother’s...was still 70% charged”以及上文可知她妈妈的手机还有电，phone“电”，指她妈妈的手机，名词用单数。故填phone。 44．句意：她的母亲每天花八个小时玩游戏、阅读新闻和在线观看短视频。根据“eight hours a day playing games...”可知是花费时间做某事，主语是人，用spend“花费”，描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数。故填spends。 45．句意：这个故事并不特别，王的母亲并不是唯一的例子。根据“This story is not special”以及“She is just one in a growing population of the old who lose themselves in playing with phones”可知王小姐的母亲不是唯一的一个沉迷手机的例子，alone“单独的”。故填alone。 46．句意：由于老年人参加社交活动的机会较少，智能手机是打发时间的最佳方式。根据“a smart phone is the best way to kill time”可知他们用手机打发时间，因为他们参加社交活动的机会相较于年轻人来说更少，故此处用比较级，修饰可数名词复数用fewer“更少”。故填fewer。 47．句意：使用手机时要小心，否则很容易上当！根据“Be careful when using your phones...you will be easily fooled”可知此处是结构“祈使句+or+陈述句”，表示“用手机时要小心，否则很容易被欺骗”。故填or。 48．句意：对于年轻人来说，他们应该经常拜访老年人，并帮助他们更多地了解网络安全，以便他们能够保护自己。根据“help them learn more about online safety so that they can...themselves”可知让老人了解网络安全，这样老人能保护自己，protect“保护”，情态动词can后加动词原形。故填protect。 （2021·重庆·中考真题）Nowadays we often work as a team. By leading a group of people can be difficult. People want team leaders they can trust. Would you like to be a good leader? Here’s some 49 for you. Ask to know your team Learn about each person on your team. You can’t be a successful leader 50 you know your team. Be a “learner” instead of a “knower” as you don’t have all of the answers. Try to get close to them by 51 questions. For example as you pass someone, you can ask, “Hi! Do you enjoy doing these projects?” or “Do you have any ideas about how to do it better?” Talk to your team Be as active as you can when you stay with your team. It’s a good practice to talk 52 with everyone on your team. Tell them what you’re thinking about and what new projects you’re considering. The more you talk to them, the more comfortable they will feel when they give you their opinions. 53 to your team Let your team feel you’re a good listener. Whenever they have problems at work or at home, listen to what they want to say. Be patient and 54 trying to interrupt（打断）them. Make your team feel they can talk to you. Care about your team. Show your team you care about them as 55 are friends. People will work harder for their leaders if they feel they are really cared about. If someone comes to you 56 a problem, always be ready to help. That will make your team trust and respect you more. 【答案】49．advice 50．unless 51．asking 52．actively 53．Listen 54．avoid 55．they 56．with 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍做一个好领导的建议。 49．句意：这是给你的一些建议。根据后文介绍可知，是给出建议，根据“Here’s”可知，用不可数名词advice，故填advice。 50．句意：除非你了解你的团队，否则你不可能成为一个成功的领导者。分析“You can’t be a successful leader…you know your team.”可知，此处表示“除非”，用unless引导条件状语从句，故填unless。 51．句意：试着通过提问来接近他们。根据“Try to get close to them by…questions.”可知，此处表示提问，用ask表示，用在介词by后，使用动名词作宾语，故填asking。 52．句意：积极地与团队中的每个人交谈是一个很好的练习。根据“Be as active as you can when you stay with your team.”可知，此处表示“积极”，在句中修饰动词talk，使用副词形式actively，故填actively。 53．句意：倾听你的团队。根据“Let your team feel you’re a good listener.”可知，此处表示“倾听”，用listen表示，在句首大写首字母，故填Listen。 54．句意：要有耐心，避免试图打断他们。分析“Be patient and…trying to interrupt（打断）them.”可知，此处表示否定含义，可用avoid doing sth表示避免做某事，故填avoid。 55．句意：向你的团队显示你像朋友一样关心他们。分析“Show your team you care about them as…are friends.”可知，此处指“他们”，在句中作主语，用主格they，故填they。 56．句意：如果有人找你有问题，随时准备帮助他。根据“If someone comes to you…a problem, always be ready to help.”可知，此处表示伴随，可用介词with表示，故填with。 （2021·重庆·中考真题）A study has been done at a university. Scientists divided a class into two groups. They made each group take notes 57 different ways. The first group took notes by hand. The second one did it on the computer. The 58 of the study was to find out which method would help the students learn better. The scientists thought Group Two would win. But to their surprise, Group One did a better job. Since you take notes by hand, stick to it! Good notes can 59 to less stress（压力）when test time comes around. Then how can you improve your note-taking skill? The following advice can help you. Firstly, try to get yourself ready 60 class begins. Be familiar（熟悉的）with the material that you are going to learn. Make sure you have your notebooks and pens on the desk. Secondly, take notes wisely while listening in class. Many students become 61 taking notes and they may fail to follow the teacher. So it is important to know when to take notes. And remember to write down the key words and use shorthand（速记法） if necessary. Thirdly, check your notes after class. You can add some details（细节）yourself first. If there is still something missing, compare your notes with 62 . Do it with those who take notes carefully. These checks will also 63 your chances of understanding what you’ve written. Try the advice above. When you can take notes 64 than before, you will find your lessons easier and more enjoyable. 【答案】57．in 58．purpose 59．lead 60．before 61．busy 62．others’ 63．increase 64．better 【分析】本文通过一项研究来证明记笔记的好处，本文着重介绍了如何提高记笔记技巧。 57．句意：他们让每个小组用不同的方法做笔记。此处表示“用不同的方法”，用介词in表示“用……方法”，故填in。 58．句意：这项研究的目的是找出哪种方法能帮助学生更好地学习。根据“to find out which method would help the students learn better”可知，此处介绍这项研究的目的，purpose“目的”，根据“was”可知，此空应填名词的单数形式，故填purpose。 59．句意：好的笔记可以减少考试时的压力。根据“Good notes can … to less stress（压力）when test time comes around”可知，此处表示“导致”，英文表达为lead to，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填lead。 60．句意：首先，在上课前做好准备。根据“try to get yourself ready… class begins”可知，是在上课前做好准备，故填before。 61．句意：许多学生变得忙于记笔记，他们可能不能跟上老师。根据“they may fail to follow the teacher”可知，学生忙着记笔记以至于跟不上老师讲的内容，be busy doing sth“忙于做某事”，故填busy。 62．句意：如果还缺少什么，把你的笔记和别人的进行比较。此处表示把你的笔记和其他人的笔记进行比较，others“其他人”，用名词所有格表示“其他人的笔记”，故填others’。 63．句意：这些检查也会增加你理解你所写内容的机会。根据“These checks will also …your chances of understanding what you’ve written”可知，在检查笔记的过程中，也是增加了理解自己所记的内容的机会，increase“增加”，will后接动词原形，故填increase。 64．句意：当你能记笔记比以前更好，你会发现你的课更容易和更愉快。根据“than”可知，此处应填比较级，根据“you will find your lessons easier and more enjoyable”可知，笔记比之前记得更好了，会发现课程很容易，用副词的比较级better修饰动词take notes，故填better。 （2020·重庆·中考真题）It's normal for the human mind to wander(走神). So many things may fill your mind and pull your thoughts in different directions. This isn't always 65 . Sometimes a wandering mind can lead to a new creation. However, wandering thoughts can also stop you 66 getting things done, keep you up at night, or hurt your health. Don't worry. Try the following practice. Doing Exercise and Activities Slow down and let your mind focus(专注) on your breathing. By controlling your breathing, you bring your 67 to work together with your body. Once you lose interest in what you’re doing, you can take a break from it. Go for a walk, do some exercise, take a shower or even lie down and think about 68 . These activities help a lot. Focusing on Tasks You're Doing Do one task at a time, it won't slow you down. Instead, it keeps your mind focused and you’ll be able to get more done 69 . While doing tasks, don't look around from time to time. If there's something keeping your mind wandering, allow yourself a specific(特定的）time to worry, think or plan. 70 the time is up, refocus on your next task. Controlling Worrying Thoughts Writing down or sharing your worries helps to get them out of your head. When there's a big task, it's understandable to put it off. But by 71 it bravely and trying to solve it, you can get away from your worrying thoughts. If it doesn't work after you've tried everything, 72 that there are always things you can't change. 【答案】65．bad 66．from 67．mind 68．nothing 69．quickly 70．When 71．facing 72．accept 【分析】本文主要讲的是有时候，走神可以带来新的创造；然而，走神也会妨碍你完成工作，让你夜不能寐，或者损害你的健康，并给出了改善走神的方法：做运动和活动；专注于你正在做的事情；控制焦虑的想法。 65．句意：这并不总是坏的。 分析句子，空出需要一个形容词作表语，根据“Sometimes a wandering mind can lead to a new creation.” （有时候，走神可以带来新的创造。）可知，走神并不总是坏事，bad坏的，故答案是bad。 66．句意：然而，走神也会妨碍你完成工作，让你夜不能寐，或者损害你的健康。 stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事,固定短语，故答案是from。 67．句意：通过控制你的呼吸，让大脑与你的身体一起工作。 根据“Slow down and let your mind focus(专注) on your breathing.”（慢一点，让你的大脑集中到你的呼吸上）可知，这里指的是让大脑与身体一起运作，故答案是mind。 68．句意：去散散步，做一些锻炼，洗个澡，甚至躺下来什么都不去想。 根据“Once you lose interest in what you’re doing, you can take a break from it.”（一旦你对你正在做的事情失去兴趣，你可以休息一下。）可知，这里指的是躺下来什么都不去想，nothing没有什么；无。故答案是nothing。 69．句意：相反，它能让你集中注意力，你能快速地完成更多的事情。 分析句子可知，空处需要一个副词来修饰动词get，根据“Do one task at a lime, it won't slow you down.” （一次做一件事，它不会减慢你的速度。）可知，集中注意力可以使你快速完成事情，quickly快速地，故答案是quickly。 70．句意：当时间到了，就重新集中注意力到下一个任务上。 根据上一句“If there's something keeping your mind wandering, allow yourself a specific(特定的）time to worry, think or plan.”（如果有什么让你心不在焉,允许自己在特定的时间内去担心，思考或计划。）可知，这里指的是当时间到了，when当……时，句首首字母大写，故答案是When。 71．句意：但通过勇敢地面对，并努力解决它，你就可以摆脱你的担忧。 根据“ trying to solve it, you can get away from your worrying thoughts”可推断，此处指的是勇敢面对，face面对，“and”连接的两个动词形式要一致，由trying可知，此处填facing，故答案是facing。 72．句意：如果你尝试了所有的方法还是不奏效，那么就接受那些你无法改变的事情。 根据句意结合常识可知，如果无法改变，那么就只能接受，所以应该是accept接受，这里是省略了主语you的祈使句，故用动词原形，故答案是accept。 （2020·重庆·中考真题）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。 We all want to live the life we dream of. However, at times, some negative (消极的) ideas may stop us. Hope the following suggestions can help to ignore those 73 and go ahead. Do What We Can Control One thing we can control is doing what we can—eating healthily, exercising, reading and getting enough sleep. Doing the right things can help 74 to achieve the most happiness. Also, it can make us move on in the 75 direction. However, we should also accept that there are many things we can't control. Take Calculated (预料到的) Risks Success doesn't come 76 risks. We all have to take risks in life, but try to make sure those risks are calculated. For example, you are working at a job that you hate, and you are dreaming of giving it up and 77 your own business. The thought is a start. But one day, you can't stand your job any more, so you leave it even though you haven't really had a plan. This is such a big risk that it will probably make you 78 want to take a risk again. So just start with a small risk. Don't Be Afraid of Failure Thomas Edison is one of the greatest inventors in history. However, he 79 many times. Did you know Edison created an electric pen? A ghost machine? Probably not. Well, that's because they were complete failures. But those failures put him one step 80 to success. Think of failures as milestones (里程碑) towards success. 【答案】73．ideas 74．us 75．right 76．without 77．starting 78．never 79．failed 80．closer 【分析】我们都想过我们梦想的生活，但有时候一些消极的想法会阻止我们前进。这篇短文中作者给我们提出了一些建议，告诉我们如何对待这些消极想法，让我们的生活继续前行，从而实现我们的梦想。 73．句意：希望下面的建议能帮助你忽略这些想法，继续前行。 上句话“However, at times, some negative (消极的) ideas may stop us.”提到，一些消极的想法会阻止我们前进，这句话是告诉我们如何忽略那些想法，该空指代的是ideas。故答案为ideas。 74．句意：做正确的事情可以帮助我们获得最大的幸福。 根据上句话“One thing we can control is doing what we can”可知，这个建议是让我做我们能做到的事情，使用的是第一人称we来叙述的，因此这里表示“可以帮助我们”，在句中作宾语，应用宾格形式。故答案为us。 75．句意：同时，它可以让我们朝着正确的方向前进。 根据上文“Doing the right things can help ______  to achieve the most happiness. Also, it can make us move on in the ______ direction.”可知，这两句话介绍的是做正确的事情的好处。结合常识，我们做正确的事情，就能使我们朝着正确的方向前进，故答案为right。 76．句意：成功不是没有风险的。 根据这一段的标题“Take Calculated (预料到的) Risks”以及下文“We all have to take risks in life”可知，我们要接受风险。因此这句话是表示“没有风险成功就不会到来”，这里考查without，是一个介词，意为“没有”，符合语境。故答案为without。 77．句意：例如，你正在做一份你讨厌的工作，你梦想着放弃它，开始自己的事业。 根据句意“you are working at a job that you hate, and you are dreaming of giving it up”，你讨厌你的工作，想要放弃它，根据常理，下面应该是开创自己的事业。start开始，是一个动词，符合语境。该空与前面的giving it up并列，也应用动名词形式。故答案为starting。 78．句意：这是一个很大的风险，可能会让你永远不想再冒险。 根据上文“But one day, you can't stand your job any more, so you leave it even though you haven't really had a plan.”可知，在没有计划之前，就放弃了你的工作，这种冒险是不可取的，其结果是会让你永远不想再冒险。never“永远不，从不”，是否定副词，符合语境。故答案为never。 79．句意：然而，他失败了很多次。 这一段的标题是“Don't Be Afraid of Failure”“不要害怕失败”，文章以爱迪生为例，告诉我们即使伟大的人也经历了很多失败。根据句子结构可知，该空是句子的谓语动词，考查fail，且应用一般过去时态，这里填过去式。故答案为failed。 80．句意：但这些失败让他离成功又近了一步。 句子But表示转折，因此这里是想要告诉我们，失败并不是没有任何意义的，它是我们走向成功的里程碑。这里考查close to…“离……近”，且根据语境，失败的经历让我们离成功更近了，应用比较级形式。故答案为closer。 （2024·重庆沙坪坝·三模）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。 What are moments of happiness in your life that you can remember? Let’s look at some of the teenagers’ answers.Forever Friendship In my whole life, 81 is better than friendship. In the autumn of 2023, I had a difficult time with the great pressure of my schoolwork. Feeling stressed out, I was cheered up by my friends who invited me to hike in the forest. 82 hiking along a country road, I shared my worry. Their comforting words and support, however, helped to clear away my terrible thoughts, filling me with a 83 of joy, which helped me to keep going on the hike and also going on my life journey.Family Love and Happiness On a peaceful afternoon, I visited a small village in Ningxia. I took a photo of a heart-warming scene through my camera: a grandfather held his hands together with his granddaughter. As he lifted her high 84 his shoulders, their shared joy was to clear to everyone. In that magical moment, I clicked the shutter (按下快门) to k 85 the little girl’s smile and the grandfather’s kindly expression forever. This simple moving moment taught me that happiness often lies in the simplest acts of love and joy shared with our loved ones. P 86 Comics with Passion I feel my happiness when I’m painting. Last year, I began creating Yuan, a Chinese boy, as the main character in my comics (动漫). As a Swiss boy who’s deeply 87 in Chinese culture, I found inspiration in Chinese costume dramas. Painting Yuan’s story has become my safe space, where cultural lines disappear. That’s why the bright colors of the East mix peacefully with the art styles of the West. I realized I was doing 88 than just painting a comic. I was making up a story that reflects my passion (热情). 【答案】81．nothing 82．When 83．feeling 84．over 85．(k)eep 86．(P)ainting 87．interested 88．more 【导语】本文介绍了三个青少年对幸福的不同看法。 81．句意：在我的整个生命中，没有什么比友谊更好的了。根据标题“Forever Friendship”可知，第一个人认为永久的友谊能够带给他幸福，所以没有什么比友谊更好。nothing表示“没有什么”。故填nothing。 82．句意：当沿着乡村小路远足的时候，我分享了我的担忧。根据“…hiking along a country road, I shared my worry.”可知，此处是时间状语从句。when表示“当……的时候”。故填When。 83．句意：然而，他们安慰我的话语和支持，帮助我打消了恐惧的想法，让我充满了一种开心的感觉，帮助我继续徒步旅行，也继续我的人生旅程。根据“…clear away my terrible thoughts”可知，他们的话语扫除了我不开心的想法，填满了开心的感觉。feeling表示“感觉”，名词，a后加名词单数。故填feeling。 84．句意：当他把她举过肩膀，他们的喜悦是可以让每个人都清晰可见的。根据“he lifted her high … his shoulders”可知，他把她举过肩膀正上方。over表示“正上方”。故填over。 85．句意：在这个魔力的时刻，我按下快门，永远地保留下小女孩儿的笑容和爷爷和蔼的表情。根据“I clicked the shutter (按下快门) to…”及首字母提示可知，这里按下快门是为了保留两个人幸福快乐的样子。keep表示“保留”，不定式后面接动词原形。故填(k)eep。 86．句意：画有热情的动漫。根据“I feel my happiness when I’m painting.”及首字母提示可知，第三个青少年认为绘画可以带给他开心幸福。painting表示“绘画”，动名词，符合语境。故填(P)ainting。 87．句意：作为一个对中国文化非常感兴趣的瑞士男孩，我从中国古装剧中找到了灵感。根据“I found inspiration in Chinese costume dramas.”可知，第三个青少年对中国文化非常感兴趣。be interested in表示“对……感兴趣”。故填interested。 88．句意：我意识到我所做的不仅仅是画漫画。根据“I was making up a story that reflects my passion (热情).”可知，第三个青少年意识到他正在编一个反应他热情的一个故事，并不仅仅是绘画，是比绘画还要多的内容。more than “不仅仅”。故填more。 （2024·重庆巴南·三模）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。 During ancient times, children didn’t have a smart phone, iPad or computer to enjoy themselves. However, they came up with many interesting 89 to play in their childhood. Kicking stone balls Kicking stone balls is one of the best examples of such games. D 90 the Qing Dynasty, kicking a stone ball around was very popular, especially in the northern part of China. As it was too cold there in winter, people often played stone balls to keep 91 . Stones were made into small balls and kicked with feet. Flying kites Kites have quite a long history—it was invented in the Dongzhou Dynasty. At that time, there was no paper, so the earliest kites were all made of wood 92 of paper. Nowadays, the three most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite, which each has its own colors and sizes. Playing hide-and-seek (捉迷藏) Hide-and-seek is another traditional game for children. There are 93 ways to play. One way is covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease (逗弄) him. If he catches a player, the player will take his place and continue to catch others. The second way is more common. Players hide first and one child must try to find 94 . 95 shadow plays (皮影戏) The most similar thing to watching a film or television for fun during ancient times was to watch a shadow play. Folk artists control puppets (木偶) b 96 the screen and tell stories to music. 【答案】89．games 90．(D)uring 91．warm 92．instead 93．two 94．them 95．Watching 96．(b)ehind 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代孩子玩的四个游戏：踢石球、放风筝、捉迷藏和看皮影戏。 89．句意：然而，他们在童年时想出了许多有趣的游戏。根据下文“Kicking stone balls is one of the best examples of such games.”以及“Kites have quite a long history—it was invented in the Dongzhou Dynasty.”以及“Hide-and-seek is another traditional game for children.”以及“The most similar thing to watching a film or television for fun during ancient times was to watch a shadow play.”可知，此处指古代孩子在童年时想出了许多有趣的游戏，空前为many“许多”，其后接可数名词复数；game“游戏”，可数名词，其复数形式为games。故填games。 90．句意：清朝时期，踢石球非常流行，尤其是在中国北方。根据“…the Qing Dynasty”以及首字母提示可知，此处指在清朝时期，during“在……期间”，介词，且句首首字母要大写。故填(D)uring。 91．句意：因为那里冬天太冷，人们经常玩石球来保暖。根据“As it was too cold there in winter, people often played stone balls to keep…”可知，因为北方冬天很冷，人们经常玩石球来保暖；keep warm“保暖”，动词短语，此处应填warm。故填warm。 92．句意：那时没有纸，所以最早的风筝都是由木头而不是纸制成的。根据“At that time, there was no paper, so the earliest kites were all made of wood…of paper.”可知，此处指最早的风筝都是由木头而不是纸制成的，instead of“而不是”，固定短语，空处应填instead。故填instead。 93．句意：有两种游戏方式。根据下文“One way is covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease him.”以及“The second way is more common.”可知，此处指捉迷藏有两种游戏方式，应填基数词two“两个”。故填two。 94．句意：玩家先躲起来，一个孩子必须设法找到他们。根据“Players hide first and one child must try to find…”可知，此处指玩家先躲起来，一个孩子必须设法找到他们；空前为动词“find”，其后接人称代词的宾格，空处应填them“他们”，指代的是“Players”。故填them。 95．句意：看皮影戏。根据下文“The most similar thing to watching a film or television for fun during ancient times was to watch a shadow play.”可知，此处指看皮影戏，watch“观看”，动词；此处用于标题中，应填watching，且首字母要大写。故填Watching。 96．句意：民间艺术家控制着屏幕后面的木偶，随着音乐讲故事。根据“Folk artists control puppets…the screen and tell stories to music.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指民间艺术家控制着屏幕后面的木偶，随着音乐讲故事；behind“在……后面”，介词。故填(b)ehind。 （2024·重庆九龙坡·二模）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。 In senior high school, reading will be much more important in your learning. If you read a novel or a magazine, the speed at which you read probably does not 97 very much. But if you have to read a lot for study, you will find it necessary to read more quickly. Here is some advice to help increase your reading 98 . Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and a book which should be at the right distance (距离) from your eyes. Keep the room cool rather than warm to 99 feeling sleepy. Spend a few minutes looking through the book. Look at the cover, the table of contents, the chapter heading, etc. This will help you to decide 100 you really need to read the whole book or only some parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you 101 a lot of time in the long run. If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much time you can read at time. This depends 102 the difficulty of the book you are reading. For example, a history book with stories will be 103 to read than scientific subjects. So if given 20 minutes, in the first case, you may be able to read a chapter while in the second, you may only be able to read one page. Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. Make a note of any page which is of importance. Also, note anything which leads you to further research. You don’t have to write e 104 in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder. 【答案】97．matter 98．speed 99．avoid 100．whether 101．quite 102．on 103．easier 104．(e)verything 【导语】本文介绍了一些提高阅读速度的技巧。 97．句意：如果你读一本小说或杂志，你阅读的速度可能并不重要。根据“But if you have to read a lot for study, you will find it necessary to read more quickly”可知如果读一本小说或杂志，阅读速度可能不重要，matter“要紧”，助动词does not后加动词原形。故填matter。 98．句意：这里有一些建议可以帮助你提高阅读速度。根据“But if you have to read a lot for study, you will find it necessary to read more quickly”可知此处是提高阅读速度的一些建议，speed“速度”。故填speed。 99．句意：保持房间凉爽而不是温暖，以免感到困倦。根据“Keep the room cool rather than warm to...feeling sleepy”可知是保持房间凉爽是为了避免感到困倦，avoid“避免”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填avoid。 100．句意：这将帮助你决定是真的需要阅读整本书还是只需要阅读其中的一部分。根据“you really need to read the whole book or only some parts of it.”可知此处是whether...or“或者……或者”。故填whether。 101．句意：这样花十分钟可以为你节省很多时间。根据“save you...a lot of time”可知是能节省相当多的时间，quite a lot of“相当多的”。故填quite。 102．句意：这取决于你正在读的书的难度。depend on“取决于”。故填on。 103．句意：一本有故事的历史书会比科学科目更容易阅读。根据“So if given 20 minutes, in the first case, you may be able to read a chapter while in the second, you may only be able to read one page.”可知20分钟可能能阅读历史中的一章，只能阅读科学科目的一页，可见有故事的历史书币科学科目更容易阅读，故此处用比较级easier。故填easier。 104．句意：你不必把每件事都写得很详细。根据“You don’t have to write...in detail”可知是不必把所有事都写得很详细，everything“所有事”。故填(e)verything。 （2024·重庆九龙坡·一模）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。 Volunteering can help you make friends, learn new skills, and even feel happier and healthier. Volunteering offers help to people in need, but the benefits (益处) can be even greater for you.Benefit 1: Volunteering connects (连接) you to others. Volunteering allows you to connect to others. Even helping out with the smallest tasks can make a real difference 105 the lives of people, animals and organizations in need. Volunteering is a great way to meet new people, especially 106 you are a new comer. While some people are naturally outgoing, others are shy and have difficulty in 107 new people. Volunteering gives you the chance to practice and develop your social skills, since you are meeting regularly a group of people with common interests.Benefit 2: Volunteering is good for your mind and 108 . Volunteering makes you happy. Nothing reduces stress better than a meaningful connection to another person. Working with pets and other animals can improve mood and reduce stress. Studies have found that older volunteers find 109 easier to do with everyday tasks. They are less likely to develop high blood pressure and have better thinking skills. Volunteering can 110 help reduce the risk of heart disease.Benefit 3: Volunteering brings fun to your life. Volunteering is a f 111 and easy way to explore your interests. Doing meaningful and interesting volunteer work can be a relaxing escape from your daily life. Many people volunteer in order to make time for hobbies outside of work as well. For example, if you have a desk job and hope to 112 time outdoors, you might consider volunteering to help plant a garden, walk dogs for old people or help out at a children’s camp. 【答案】105．to 106．if/when 107．meeting 108．body 109．it 110．also 111．(f)un 112．spend 【导语】本文主要讲述了做志愿者的一些好处。 105．句意：即使是帮助最小的任务也能对有需要的人、动物和组织的生活产生真正的影响。本题考查短语make a difference to“对……产生影响”。故填to。 106．句意：志愿服务是认识新朋友的好方法，尤其是如果你是新来的人。结合空格前的句子可知，空格后的句子“you are a new comer.”提供了一个特定的情境或条件，从而可以引出符合语境的when或者if引导的状语从句。故填if/when。 107．句意：还有一些人害羞，难以结识新朋友。根据前文“Volunteering is a great way to meet new people”可知，这里说的是结识新朋友有困难。根据have difficulty in doing sth可知，空格上填meeting。故填meeting。 108．句意：志愿服务对你的身心都有好处。根据连词and前的“mind”可知，空格处应该填与“mind”相对应的单词，即body。故填body。 109．句意：研究发现，年龄较大的志愿者更容易完成日常任务。观察句子结构可知，这里考查it作形式宾语。故填it。 110．句意：志愿活动也有助于降低患心脏病的风险。根据“Studies have found that older volunteers find ... easier to do with everyday tasks. They are less likely to develop high blood pressure and have better thinking skills.”可知，空格处说的还是做志愿者的好处，也有助于降低患心脏病的风险。故填also。 111．句意：志愿服务是一种乐趣。根据“Benefit 3: Volunteering brings fun to your life.”以及首字母提示可知，志愿服务是一种乐趣。故填(f)un。 112．句意：如果你有一份办公室工作，希望花时间在户外。根据“you might consider volunteering to help plant a garden, walk dogs for old people or help out at a children’s camp.”可知，这些都是户外活动的例子。因此，空格处应该填一个动词，表示在这些活动中度过时间。而spend正是表示花费时间或金钱的动词，符合语境。故填spend。 （2024·重庆大渡口·一模）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。 People have looked at the sky since the beginning of time. If you are an astronomer (天文学家), it is your j 113 to study stars, moons and planets. However, you don’t need to be an astronomer to watch the sky. It can be a fun activity for everyone. You don’t need any equipment (器材) to see some stars, but you can see 114 with a pair of binoculars (双筒望远镜). Find a place where there aren’t too many lights. Astronomers say that it is important to do easy things first, 115 start by looking at the moon. You can see dark lines on the moon with normal binoculars. Try drawing it on different days of the month to see 116 it changes. After that, it’s time to learn more about stars using a star map on your smart phone. First try remembering the places of stars that are easy to see. You can then use 117 to find other stars. Learning the names and places of the biggest stars will take time. When you have done this, you should decide if astronomy is a good hobby for you. If you e 118 watching the sky, it is time to spend more money on a telescope (望远镜). 119 your new telescope, try writing down when and where you see stars. Using a diary can really help you to learn about how different stars move. You can draw them too. This will make you want to learn more. Looking at the very big sky each night can make you feel very s 120 and alone. There are many astronomy clubs around the world. Try to find the club in your city or town and join it. You never know, many people have found new stars and planets. Maybe a new planet will have your name. 【答案】113．(j)ob 114．them 115．so 116．if/whether 117．it 118．(e)njoy 119．Use 120．(s)leepy 【导语】本文主要介绍了观察天空是任何人都可以享受的活动，并介绍了一些观察天空的建议。 113．句意：如果你是一名天文学家，研究卫星、月亮和行星是你的工作。根据“to study stars, moons and planets”可知研究卫星、月亮和行星是天文学家的工作，job“工作”，此处用名词单数。故填(j)ob。 114．句意：你不需要任何设备就可以看到一些星星，但你可以用双筒望远镜看到它们。根据“You don’t need any equipment (器材) to see some stars, but you can see ”可知此处代指这些星星，作宾语用代词them。故填them。 115．句意：天文学家说，首先做简单的事情很重要，因此从看月亮开始。根据“start by looking at the moon. You can see dark lines on the moon with normal binoculars.”可知此处指要从简单的事情开始，所以从看月亮开始，so“因此”，表示因果关系。故填so。 116．句意：试着在一个月的不同日子绘制它，看看它是否发生了变化。根据“it changes.”可知是观看是否会发生变化，if/whether“是否”。故填if/whether。 117．句意：然后你可以用它来寻找其它的星星。根据“it’s time to learn more about stars using a star map on your smart phone”可知此处指你的智能手机，作宾语用代词宾格it。故填it。 118．句意：如果你喜欢看天空，是时候多花点钱买一台望远镜了。根据“watching the sky”可知是喜欢看天空，enjoy“喜欢”，句子用一般现在时，主语是you，谓语动词用原形。故填(e)njoy。 119．句意：使用你的新望远镜，试着写下你何时何地看到星星。根据“your new telescope”可知是使用望远镜，use“使用”，句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故填Use。 120．句意：每天晚上看着很大的天空会让你感到非常困和孤独。根据“and alone”可知是会感到困倦和孤独，sleepy“困倦的”。故填(s)leepy。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 短文填空 【五年考情回顾】 年份 体裁 主题内容 2024年 A卷：说明文 B卷：说明文 A卷：本文介绍了充足睡眠的重要性。 B卷：本文主要是介绍畅想未来的几个例子。 2023年 A卷：说明文 B卷：说明文 A卷：本文主要介绍了经常性饮用冷水对身体所产生的不良影响。 B卷：介绍成功人士的一些习惯。 2022年 A卷：说明文 B卷：记叙文 A卷：本文主要讲述了三种学习方法。 B卷：本文通过王小姐和她母亲的经历告诉我们老人现在过度使用手机，这样会引起很多问题，所以作者建议年轻人要多拜访老人，老人也要多做一些其他活动。 2021年 A卷：说明文 B卷：说明文 A卷：本文向我们介绍做一个好领导的建议。 B卷：本文通过一项研究来证明记笔记的好处，本文着重介绍了如何提高记笔记技巧。 2020年 A卷：说明文 B卷：说明文 A卷：本文主要讲的是有时候，走神可以带来新的创造；然而，走神也会妨碍你完成工作，让你夜不能寐，或者损害你的健康，并给出了改善走神的方法：做运动和活动；专注于你正在做的事情；控制焦虑的想法。 B卷：我们都想过我们梦想的生活，但有时候一些消极的想法会阻止我们前进。这篇短文中作者给我们提出了一些建议，告诉我们如何对待这些消极想法，让我们的生活继续前行，从而实现我们的梦想。 （2024·重庆·中考真题）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。 “Do you get enough sleep?” The answer is probably no if you ask a tired student who is always taking a nap (小睡) on a classroom desk. “I couldn’t get to sleep and experienced a restless night again.” You may often hear such words from an adult. Not having enough 1 is a common problem around the world. However, sleep is just like food and water to us. 2 of us can live if we don’t sleep at all. Sleep experts say that an adult requires 7 to 9 hours of sleep a night and a teenager needs 8.5 to 9.5 hours. Anything less could be h 3 to our health. According to a study, sleeping only five hours a night for a week is like having a blood-alcohol (酒精) level of 0.1 percent. That is above the safe driving limit (限制) in most countries. Most people probably wouldn’t take an exam or go to work if they get drunk. But 4 enough sleep, they still do these things. As a result, they 5 in the exams or perform badly at work. What’s worse, doctors and nurses often work long hours. When they are sleepy, they might hurt a patient or even 6 a patient’s death by accident. 7 sleep is so important, many people these days are not getting enough. In a survey, twenty percent say that daytime sleepiness influences their daily work. They feel it hard to pay full attention during the day. However, they don’t seem to care. Some even show off how energetic they can be the next day just with little sleep. It may be time to wake up and 8 the way we think. We should realize that not sleeping enough is a serious problem. （2024·重庆·中考真题）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。 In the world that we are creating very quickly, we’re going to see more and more things that look like science fiction, and fewer and fewer things that look like jobs. For example, our cars are very quickly going to start driving 9 . That means we’re going to need fewer drivers. At the same time, there might be some new kinds of 10 in the future. Let’s have a look at some of them. Robots will become more common in our homes and schools, so we’ll need people who know 11 to fix them. These workers will be like robot doctors, finding out what’s wrong with a robot and helping it get better. Imagine going on vacation to space! In the future, more people might be interested in space travel, so we might need g 12 who can show tourists around the stars and planets. As AI (人工智能) is developing fast, we’ll need people to check that it works properly. We call these people AI rule keepers. They will make 13 that AI won’t do anything harmful to humans. School might look different in the future, with lessons designed just for you. Then we’ll need p 14 learning planners. These planners would create special learning plans 15 each student, so that everyone could get what they need to succeed. These are just a few examples of the jobs we might have in the future. The best way to get ready for these future jobs is to be open to new ideas and never 16 learning. Knowledge will remain important, and problem solving and critical (批判性的) thinking skills will be needed for our future education and work. （2023·重庆·中考真题）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。 After exercising, the first thing that you want to do is to drink up a glass of cold water. When the water travels down your throat, you will 17 so good. However, you are often told not to do so. Is drinking 18 water really unhealthy? Cold water is said to slow down a person’s digestion(消化). Having cold water or a cold drink makes your body’s temperature l 19 . Cold water causes your blood vessels (血管) to become narrower (更狭窄的). So, the body needs to burn energy to bring your 20 back to normal. At the same time, less energy is used for digestion. Think of your digestive system as a burning pot. If someone suddenly poured cold water into this pot what would 21 ? Doing this would be dangerous. Similarly, when you drink cold water while eating, it is 22 adding water to a burning pot. Of course, it isn’t that bad, but it is a good way to explain why drinking cold water during meals maybe a bad idea. 23 you cannot control your urge(冲动) to do so, drinking water at room temperature is a better choice. Traditional Chinese medicine suggests trying to avoid drinking cold water. And modern studies in Europe point out drinking cold water causes headaches. Scientists are doing more research on this. Maybe in the future t 24 can give us more helpful information. （2023·重庆·中考真题）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺，并将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。 Many successful people follow a similar routine (常规). This helps them make the best use of their days. This also helps sleep well at night. One of the most important things successful people do is to get ready for the next day the night before. Let’s see 25 they do that. Learn to relax Successful people say it is important to relax. Some enjoy listening to music, w 26 others like taking a bath before going to bed. Studies show that a 15-minute bath an hour or two before bedtime helps them sleep better. Sleeping well tonight means a good day tomorrow. Put the phone down Studies show that the blue light from a phone is bad for our sleep. Successful people c 27 their phone use. They don’t sleep with their phones nearby. They put phones away an hour 28 bedtime and they use an alarm clock to wake up. Think about today Before sleep, it helps to think about the day. Many 29 people think about the good things from the day. This helps them to learn and to change. It also 30 them to make a plan for a good (perhaps even better) day tomorrow. Make a 31 Many successful people make plans for their activities the next day. It helps them sleep well. This is important because sleeping b 32 sometimes makes everything seem worse the next day. Making plans also helps them wake up relaxed, happy and ready for the new day. （2022·重庆·中考真题）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。 As students, you should study hard. More importantly, you should study in a smart way. Try these methods below. Spaced Repetition According to Ebbinghaus, you’ll 33 easily if you don’t review in time. After you read your study material for the first time, you’d better come back to it 6 hours later, then 24 hours later, 3 days later, 7 days later or even 14 days later and above. Repeat it 34 least 5 times, and you can almost remember everything. Jim Kwik's Technique(方法) According to Jim Kwik,  an expert on reading and the memory, the key to understanding your reading material is to ask question. You can put a line down the 35 of a piece of paper. On the left, take notes of key information,while on the right, write down 3 kinds of questions—how, when and why. Among the questions, the most important 36 is how you can use the key information. Connect it with the knowledge you’ve 37 known. And think about what real life problems you can solve by using it. This helps to keep the information your mind. The Feynman Technique Studies show students can understand what they’ve learned better when they 38 someone else. The Feynman technique includes 4 basic steps. First, study. Second, teach what you’ve just learned to someone with zero knowledge of the subject in 39 words. Third, find out which parts you can explain well and which parts you can’t. Go back to the book and try to understand the topic once again. Fourth, repeat the steps above   40 you can explain the topic without looking at the book. （2022·重庆·中考真题）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。 Miss Wang recently had a worrying experience. One morning, just as she arrived at her 41 , Wang noticed some missed calls from her mother. “It must be something very important,” she thought to herself. Right away, she called her mother 42 quite worriedly. To her surprise, Wang found her mother only wanted her charger (充电器), which Wang took to the office by mistake. When Wang hurried home from her office, she found her mother’s 43 was still 70% charged. And her mother was worried that it would run out of power as she continued using it. Now Wang realizes the seriousness of the problem. Her mother 44 eight hours a day playing games, reading news and watching short videos online. And her mother has problems like poor eyesight, headache and so on. This story is not special and Wang’s mother is not 45 . She is just one in a growing population of the old who lose themselves in playing with phones. As the old have 46 chances to join in social activities, a smart phone is the best way to kill time. But too much time on phone can cause many problems. “Be careful when using your phones, 47 you will be easily fooled!” Although the old are always warned like this, online frauds (欺骗) still happen to them. Now there are more family problems. Action should be taken. For the old, they should control their screen time and get enough rest. The young, for their part, should often visit the old, and help them learn more about online safety so that they can 48 themselves. Also, the young can do more activities with the old like talking, walking and traveling, or encourage them to learn something at the universities for the aged. （2021·重庆·中考真题）Nowadays we often work as a team. By leading a group of people can be difficult. People want team leaders they can trust. Would you like to be a good leader? Here’s some 49 for you. Ask to know your team Learn about each person on your team. You can’t be a successful leader 50 you know your team. Be a “learner” instead of a “knower” as you don’t have all of the answers. Try to get close to them by 51 questions. For example as you pass someone, you can ask, “Hi! Do you enjoy doing these projects?” or “Do you have any ideas about how to do it better?” Talk to your team Be as active as you can when you stay with your team. It’s a good practice to talk 52 with everyone on your team. Tell them what you’re thinking about and what new projects you’re considering. The more you talk to them, the more comfortable they will feel when they give you their opinions. 53 to your team Let your team feel you’re a good listener. Whenever they have problems at work or at home, listen to what they want to say. Be patient and 54 trying to interrupt（打断）them. Make your team feel they can talk to you. Care about your team. Show your team you care about them as 55 are friends. People will work harder for their leaders if they feel they are really cared about. If someone comes to you 56 a problem, always be ready to help. That will make your team trust and respect you more. （2021·重庆·中考真题）A study has been done at a university. Scientists divided a class into two groups. They made each group take notes 57 different ways. The first group took notes by hand. The second one did it on the computer. The 58 of the study was to find out which method would help the students learn better. The scientists thought Group Two would win. But to their surprise, Group One did a better job. Since you take notes by hand, stick to it! Good notes can 59 to less stress（压力）when test time comes around. Then how can you improve your note-taking skill? The following advice can help you. Firstly, try to get yourself ready 60 class begins. Be familiar（熟悉的）with the material that you are going to learn. Make sure you have your notebooks and pens on the desk. Secondly, take notes wisely while listening in class. Many students become 61 taking notes and they may fail to follow the teacher. So it is important to know when to take notes. And remember to write down the key words and use shorthand（速记法） if necessary. Thirdly, check your notes after class. You can add some details（细节）yourself first. If there is still something missing, compare your notes with 62 . Do it with those who take notes carefully. These checks will also 63 your chances of understanding what you’ve written. Try the advice above. When you can take notes 64 than before, you will find your lessons easier and more enjoyable. （2020·重庆·中考真题）It's normal for the human mind to wander(走神). So many things may fill your mind and pull your thoughts in different directions. This isn't always 65 . Sometimes a wandering mind can lead to a new creation. However, wandering thoughts can also stop you 66 getting things done, keep you up at night, or hurt your health. Don't worry. Try the following practice. Doing Exercise and Activities Slow down and let your mind focus(专注) on your breathing. By controlling your breathing, you bring your 67 to work together with your body. Once you lose interest in what you’re doing, you can take a break from it. Go for a walk, do some exercise, take a shower or even lie down and think about 68 . These activities help a lot. Focusing on Tasks You're Doing Do one task at a time, it won't slow you down. Instead, it keeps your mind focused and you’ll be able to get more done 69 . While doing tasks, don't look around from time to time. If there's something keeping your mind wandering, allow yourself a specific(特定的）time to worry, think or plan. 70 the time is up, refocus on your next task. Controlling Worrying Thoughts Writing down or sharing your worries helps to get them out of your head. When there's a big task, it's understandable to put it off. But by 71 it bravely and trying to solve it, you can get away from your worrying thoughts. If it doesn't work after you've tried everything, 72 that there are always things you can't change. （2020·重庆·中考真题）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。 We all want to live the life we dream of. However, at times, some negative (消极的) ideas may stop us. Hope the following suggestions can help to ignore those 73 and go ahead. Do What We Can Control One thing we can control is doing what we can—eating healthily, exercising, reading and getting enough sleep. Doing the right things can help 74 to achieve the most happiness. Also, it can make us move on in the 75 direction. However, we should also accept that there are many things we can't control. Take Calculated (预料到的) Risks Success doesn't come 76 risks. We all have to take risks in life, but try to make sure those risks are calculated. For example, you are working at a job that you hate, and you are dreaming of giving it up and 77 your own business. The thought is a start. But one day, you can't stand your job any more, so you leave it even though you haven't really had a plan. This is such a big risk that it will probably make you 78 want to take a risk again. So just start with a small risk. Don't Be Afraid of Failure Thomas Edison is one of the greatest inventors in history. However, he 79 many times. Did you know Edison created an electric pen? A ghost machine? Probably not. Well, that's because they were complete failures. But those failures put him one step 80 to success. Think of failures as milestones (里程碑) towards success. （2024·重庆沙坪坝·三模）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。 What are moments of happiness in your life that you can remember? Let’s look at some of the teenagers’ answers.Forever Friendship In my whole life, 81 is better than friendship. In the autumn of 2023, I had a difficult time with the great pressure of my schoolwork. Feeling stressed out, I was cheered up by my friends who invited me to hike in the forest. 82 hiking along a country road, I shared my worry. Their comforting words and support, however, helped to clear away my terrible thoughts, filling me with a 83 of joy, which helped me to keep going on the hike and also going on my life journey.Family Love and Happiness On a peaceful afternoon, I visited a small village in Ningxia. I took a photo of a heart-warming scene through my camera: a grandfather held his hands together with his granddaughter. As he lifted her high 84 his shoulders, their shared joy was to clear to everyone. In that magical moment, I clicked the shutter (按下快门) to k 85 the little girl’s smile and the grandfather’s kindly expression forever. This simple moving moment taught me that happiness often lies in the simplest acts of love and joy shared with our loved ones. P 86 Comics with Passion I feel my happiness when I’m painting. Last year, I began creating Yuan, a Chinese boy, as the main character in my comics (动漫). As a Swiss boy who’s deeply 87 in Chinese culture, I found inspiration in Chinese costume dramas. Painting Yuan’s story has become my safe space, where cultural lines disappear. That’s why the bright colors of the East mix peacefully with the art styles of the West. I realized I was doing 88 than just painting a comic. I was making up a story that reflects my passion (热情). （2024·重庆巴南·三模）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。 During ancient times, children didn’t have a smart phone, iPad or computer to enjoy themselves. However, they came up with many interesting 89 to play in their childhood. Kicking stone balls Kicking stone balls is one of the best examples of such games. D 90 the Qing Dynasty, kicking a stone ball around was very popular, especially in the northern part of China. As it was too cold there in winter, people often played stone balls to keep 91 . Stones were made into small balls and kicked with feet. Flying kites Kites have quite a long history—it was invented in the Dongzhou Dynasty. At that time, there was no paper, so the earliest kites were all made of wood 92 of paper. Nowadays, the three most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite, which each has its own colors and sizes. Playing hide-and-seek (捉迷藏) Hide-and-seek is another traditional game for children. There are 93 ways to play. One way is covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease (逗弄) him. If he catches a player, the player will take his place and continue to catch others. The second way is more common. Players hide first and one child must try to find 94 . 95 shadow plays (皮影戏) The most similar thing to watching a film or television for fun during ancient times was to watch a shadow play. Folk artists control puppets (木偶) b 96 the screen and tell stories to music. （2024·重庆九龙坡·二模）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。 In senior high school, reading will be much more important in your learning. If you read a novel or a magazine, the speed at which you read probably does not 97 very much. But if you have to read a lot for study, you will find it necessary to read more quickly. Here is some advice to help increase your reading 98 . Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and a book which should be at the right distance (距离) from your eyes. Keep the room cool rather than warm to 99 feeling sleepy. Spend a few minutes looking through the book. Look at the cover, the table of contents, the chapter heading, etc. This will help you to decide 100 you really need to read the whole book or only some parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you 101 a lot of time in the long run. If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much time you can read at time. This depends 102 the difficulty of the book you are reading. For example, a history book with stories will be 103 to read than scientific subjects. So if given 20 minutes, in the first case, you may be able to read a chapter while in the second, you may only be able to read one page. Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. Make a note of any page which is of importance. Also, note anything which leads you to further research. You don’t have to write e 104 in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder. （2024·重庆九龙坡·一模）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。 Volunteering can help you make friends, learn new skills, and even feel happier and healthier. Volunteering offers help to people in need, but the benefits (益处) can be even greater for you.Benefit 1: Volunteering connects (连接) you to others. Volunteering allows you to connect to others. Even helping out with the smallest tasks can make a real difference 105 the lives of people, animals and organizations in need. Volunteering is a great way to meet new people, especially 106 you are a new comer. While some people are naturally outgoing, others are shy and have difficulty in 107 new people. Volunteering gives you the chance to practice and develop your social skills, since you are meeting regularly a group of people with common interests.Benefit 2: Volunteering is good for your mind and 108 . Volunteering makes you happy. Nothing reduces stress better than a meaningful connection to another person. Working with pets and other animals can improve mood and reduce stress. Studies have found that older volunteers find 109 easier to do with everyday tasks. They are less likely to develop high blood pressure and have better thinking skills. Volunteering can 110 help reduce the risk of heart disease.Benefit 3: Volunteering brings fun to your life. Volunteering is a f 111 and easy way to explore your interests. Doing meaningful and interesting volunteer work can be a relaxing escape from your daily life. Many people volunteer in order to make time for hobbies outside of work as well. For example, if you have a desk job and hope to 112 time outdoors, you might consider volunteering to help plant a garden, walk dogs for old people or help out at a children’s camp. （2024·重庆大渡口·一模）根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。 People have looked at the sky since the beginning of time. If you are an astronomer (天文学家), it is your j 113 to study stars, moons and planets. However, you don’t need to be an astronomer to watch the sky. It can be a fun activity for everyone. You don’t need any equipment (器材) to see some stars, but you can see 114 with a pair of binoculars (双筒望远镜). Find a place where there aren’t too many lights. Astronomers say that it is important to do easy things first, 115 start by looking at the moon. You can see dark lines on the moon with normal binoculars. Try drawing it on different days of the month to see 116 it changes. After that, it’s time to learn more about stars using a star map on your smart phone. First try remembering the places of stars that are easy to see. You can then use 117 to find other stars. Learning the names and places of the biggest stars will take time. When you have done this, you should decide if astronomy is a good hobby for you. If you e 118 watching the sky, it is time to spend more money on a telescope (望远镜). 119 your new telescope, try writing down when and where you see stars. Using a diary can really help you to learn about how different stars move. You can draw them too. This will make you want to learn more. Looking at the very big sky each night can make you feel very s 120 and alone. There are many astronomy clubs around the world. Try to find the club in your city or town and join it. You never know, many people have found new stars and planets. Maybe a new planet will have your name. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$