Module 2Unit 2知识点课件2024-2025学年外研版英语八年级上册

M2u2 知识讲解 1.I come from Cambridge, a beautiful city in the east of England.我来自剑桥，一座位于英格兰东部的美丽城市。 east n. 东；东方 adj. 在东方的；朝东的 The mountains in the east get a lot of snow. 东边的山上经常下雪。 The road runs east to west. 这条路东西向。 知识讲解 2. 方位介词in, on, to的用法 介词in 常常和表示方位的名词连用，表示“在…范围内” 。 表示“在某地方的东/西/南/北部” in the east/west/south/north of +地点 in the+方位名词：表示在范围之内 on the+方位名词：表示两地接壤 to the+方位名词：表示在范围之外 （如美国与中国） in是在境内，on是相邻，to是不接壤 （1） Nanjing is in the east of China. （2） Beijing is to the east of Urumqi. （3） Hong Kong is on the south of Guangdong. 知识讲解 1) Beijing is ____________ of China. 2) Guangzhou is ____________ of China. 3) Shanghai is ______________ of China. 4) Chengdu is _______________ of China. in the north in the south in the east in the west 知识讲解 in 表示在某范围之内，强调两者的包含关系 Guangdong Province is in the south of China. 广东省在中国的南部 on 表示两地接壤，强调两者为相邻关系 Hunan Province is on the south of Hubei Province. 湖南省在湖北省的南面。 to 表示在某范围之外，强调两者既不相邻也不包含。 Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东面。 知识讲解 3. It is on the river Cam and has a population of about 120,000. 1) on the river Cam 表示“在康桥河 畔”， on表示在河的沿岸。 2)表示“有多少人口”时，常用结构“have /has a population of…”；表示人口的“多少”用big，large或small修饰。 My village has the smallest population in our town. 在我们镇我村人口最少。 知识讲解 population  表示意义较抽象的“人口”时，表单数意义population  表示某地区的全体居民时，为集合名词，既可表示单数意义（视为整体）也可表示复数意义（考虑其个体）。 Most of the population has/have fled.  大部分居民都逃走了。 知识讲解 【注意】 下面一句的谓语动词只用复数，主要是考虑到其后的表语为复数。 One third of the population here are farmers.  这里三分之一的人口是农民。 知识讲解 4. There are lots of old buildings and churches to visit. lots of 表示“许多，大量的”，后面加可数名词或不可数名词。 例如：lots of buildings 5. England itself is part of an island,… be part of 表示“是……的一部分”。 e.g. Taiwan is part of China. 台湾是中国的一部分。 知识讲解 6.My home town is especially famous for its university. 我的家乡以它的大学而闻名。 be famous for = be known for 表示“因……而闻名”后接闻名的原因。 China is famous for the Great Wall. He is famous for his novels. 他因他的小说而出名 知识讲解 be famous as意为“作为……而出名”，表示某人以某种身份或职业而出名，或某物 / 地作为……而出名。 Li Na is famous as a tennis player. 1. Lady Gaga is famous ____ her beautiful voice. A. as B. with C. for 2. William Shakespeare was famous ___ a writer of plays and poems. A. in B. as C. for 知识讲解 7. especially adv. 尤其 e.g. I love reading, especially novel. 我喜欢阅读，尤其是小说。 在表示“特意地”“尤其”时，especially指某事超乎一般的重要，不寻常，强调“超过其他”，而毫无“目的性”可言。例如: I like maple tree, especially in autumn. 我喜欢枫树，尤其是秋天的枫树。 知识讲解 Stay away from junk food, please . It’s bad for us ____ for children. A. recently B. especially C. probably specially则表示为了某一特定目的而“特意”“专门”采用某一方式做某事。例如: The meeting is specially arranged for you. 这次会见是特意为你安排的。 知识讲解 8.It is never very hot in summer or very cold in winter. or 用在选择疑问句中连接被选择的对象，意为“或者，还是”. or 还可表示转折关系，意为“否则” Which do you prefer to use to keep in touch with your friends, QQ_____ MSN? A. and B. but C. or Be quick, _____ we’ll be late for the meeting. A. and B. but C. or 知识讲解 I came from Dalian, a beautiful city in the northeast of China. It has a population of over six million. It is… My home town is … It’s a … town in the … of China, and it has about … people. It’s famous for … It’s … in summer and … in winter. I like my home town very much. It’s very beautiful and people here are very friendly. Welcome to my home town! You can introduce like this: 知识讲解 My home town is Dalian. It is an important city in Liaoning Province in the northeast of China. It has a population of over six million. The city is over 100 years old. It has a lot of beautiful beaches like the Tiger Beach and the Bangchui Island Beach. Many people go there for holidays and for swimming every year. Dalian is also famous for Dalian Discoveryland Theme Park and Xinghai Square. They are very interesting and lots of tourists go to visit them. It is warm in winter and hot in summer in Dalian. The temperature doesn’t change very much and it is usually sunny. I think it is a great city. 你的家乡美吗？它和过去相比都有哪些变化？请你以“The changes in my hometown”介绍你家乡的变化。可适当使用形容词比较级，70字左右。 In the past , my hometown was very small. People lived a poor life. The houses were old and small. The traffic was not convenient ,so few visitor came here to visit. Now great changes has taken place in my hometown. The mountains are greener , the rivers are cleaner and the sky is bluer. There are trees, flowers and grass everywhere.People live a better life. Their houses are larger and brighter。Many people have their own cars. Every year, thousands of people from all over the world come to visit my hometown .I am sure my home town will become better and better in the future. Exercise 1. Guangzhou is _____ the south of Beijing. A. in B. on C. to D. at 2. America is _______ the south of Canada. A. in B. on C. to D. at 3. Japan is _______ the east of China. A. in B. on C. to D. at 4. Don’t talk to anyone about the bad news, ______ not my mother. A. especially B. hardly C. usually D. simply A B C A Exercise 5. The population of Yantai is ______ than that of Sichuan. A. smaller B. larger C. less 6. Chengdu _________ a population of more than 1,000 thousand. A. are B. is C. have D. has 7. Which is _______, the moon or the earth? A. big B. bigger C. the biggest 8. Lingling’s pencil is shorter than _______. A. he B. him C. his D. Li Lei A D B C Exercise 9. The weather in Hainan is ______ very hot in summer, ______ very cold in winter. A. never; and B. also; and C. both; or D. never; or D Exercise 1. Hainan Island is ____ the south of China. 2. Mr. Green doesn’t like travelling ____ boat. 3. Chongqing lies ____ the Yangtze River. 4. Take the umbrella _____ you in case it rains. 5. “Mary” is a very popular name ____ girls. in by on with for 用适当的介词填空：in on at to by with Exercise 1.布朗一家人住在矮房子里。 The Browns live in a ______ house. 2.这座山比那座山高。 This hill is _______ than that one. 3.李磊比他哥哥矮。 Li Lei is ________ than his brother. 4.今天毛衣的价格比较低。 Today the price of sweaters is _____. low higher shorter low 完成句子 Exercise 5. 托尼 经常低声讲话。 Tony often speaks in a _____ voice. 6.该城市尤其以它的大学而闻名。 The city is ________ ______ ___ its university. 7.有许多古老的建筑可以参观。 _____ ___ lots of old buildings ____ _____. 8.它约有750万人口, 所以它比剑桥更大、更繁忙。 It _____ ___ __________ ____ about seven and a half million, so it is _______ and _______ _____ Cambridge. low especially famous for There are to visit has a population of bigger busier than Exercise 4.在英国到处你可以注意到乡村多么绿。 Everywhere in England, you will notice _____ _______ the countryside is. 5.夏天不很热, 冬天不是很冷。 It’s _____ very hot in summer ____ very cold in winter. 6.青岛在山东的东部。 Qingdao is ____ ____ _____ ____ Shandong. how green never in the east of or Exercise 7. 我的家乡因很多美丽的小湖泊而闻名。 My hometown _______ ___________ ________ many beautiful small lakes. 8. 我爸爸通常比我妈妈忙。 My father is usually _______ ______ my mother. 9. 他来自非洲西部的一个小国家。 He comes from a small country ________ _________ ________ of Africa. is famous for busier than in the west 二 根据所给单词，完成以下句子。 – John, is Henry your twin brother? - Oh, yes. He is twenty minutes _____(old) than me. 2.- The cake looks _____(good). - Yes, and it tastes even _____(good). 3. Summer is coming. The day is getting ______ (long). 4. The left one is _______ (pretty) than the right one. 5. Ge You is ______ ___(famous) his humour. famous for prettier longer better good older Exercise (1) 中国以其悠久历史而闻名。   ________________________________________ (2) 张艺谋以他的电影而闻名。 ________________________________________ (3) 北京作为一个首都城市而闻名。 ________________________________________ (4) 杨利伟作为一名伟大的宇航员而闻名。 ________________________________________  Zhang Yimou is famous for his movies. China is famous for its long history. Beijing is famous as a capital city. Yang Liwei is famous as a great astronaut. 1. 纽约在美国的东面。 _________________________________ 2. 剑桥城以剑桥大学闻名。 ______________________________________________ 3. 东京Tokyo比纽约的人多。 ______________________________________________ 4. 昆明夏天不太热，冬天也不太冷。 _____________________________________________ New York is in the east of America. Cambridge is famous for Cambridge University. Tokyo has a larger population than New York. It is never very hot in summer or very cold in winter in Kunming. I. 改为同义句，每空一词 Exercises 1. How large is the population of Shandong? _______ the population ___ Shandong? 2. The population of Hong Kong is seven million. Hong Kong ____ __ __________ __ seven million. What’s of has a population of 3. Tom is taller than me. I am ________ ______ Tom. 4. John is younger than Jim. Jim is ______ _____ John. 5. This street is ten metres wide. That street is sixteen metres wide. That street is ______ _____ this street. wider than shorter than older than II. 翻译句子 _______________________________ ______________________________ _______________ 1. 广州在中国的南部。 2. ——香港以什么闻名? ——太平山。 ________________________________________________________________________ 3. 北京是中国的首都，它比南京人口多。 4. 中国有五千年的历史, 有13多亿人。 Beijing is the capital of China, and it has a larger population than that of Nanjing. Guangzhou is in the south of China. China is 5,000 years old, with more than 1.3 billionpeople. —What’s Hong Kong famous for? —Victoria Peak. $$