2025年中考备考专题复习初中英语精选专项训练：名词辨析

2025中考备考专题复习初中英语精选专项训练：名词辨析 名校模拟 1．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）—If an interview is too easy, it’s a sure ________ that you haven’t got the job. —I see. Jobs are hard to come by these days. A．sight B．sign C．sigh D．symbol 2．（2024·江苏淮安·一模）All you need to make ChatGPT work for you is to give some clear ________ before it does its magic. A．instructions B．inventions C．introductions D．conditions 3．（2024·湖北武汉·一模）—The concert was a big success! —Yeah! In fact, Michael, the band’s drummer, was the ________ behind the whole program. A．foot B．brain C．sense D．step 4．（2024·江苏泰州·三模）Please read the poem below. Which word is the most suitable for ________? A spring morning By Meng HaoranThis spring morning in bed, I’m lying. Not to awake till birds are crying. After one night of wind and ________. How many are the fallen flowers? A．rains B．storms C．snows D．showers 5．（22-23九年级上·江苏南京·期末）—Do you know any ________ in which people can win prizes by answering questions? —Yeah, Super Brain is just one of them. A．chat shows B．documentaries C．drama series D．game shows 6．（2021·山东菏泽·一模）—What do you think of your new house built by the local government? —Pretty good. I have a __________ of happiness now. A．warning B．tradition C．feeling 7．（2021·内蒙古·中考真题）In a conversation between two persons, 65% of ________ is done through body language. A．information B．pronunciation C．introduction D．communication 8．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）A boy from No. 3 High School got the first prize in the live program Super Brain in Jiangsu TV. He is an ________ to us. A．instruction B．inspiration C．instrument 9．（2024·湖北武汉·三模）—In China, we wave when we’re saying “Hi” or “Goodbye” to someone. —We use body language to communicate even if there is _____________. A．peace B．friendship C．language D．silence 10．（2024·江苏扬州·二模）Uncle Henry and Aunt Ann never smile or laugh. There isn’t much ________ in their life. A．happiness B．darkness C．information D．competition 11．（2024·江苏镇江·二模）________ with emojis (颜文字) have become very common in online communication nowadays. For example, means “laugh out”. A．Menus B．Messages C．Marks D．Methods 12．（2024·江西南昌·二模）—I play tennis and basketball, and I go swimming in summer. —You are really into ________! A．music B．food C．sports D．movies 13．（2024·江苏泰州·二模）A train decorated with pictures of giant pandas offers a special journey for _________ along the Sichuan-Qinghai railway. A．passengers B．partners C．passports D．parades 14．（2024·江苏常州·二模）Seeing the happy ________ of children playing in the park, I’m full of joy and confidence in the future of our country. A．sight B．scene C．view D．sign 15．（2024·湖北武汉·三模）Guyu takes its name from the Chinese saying “rain produces hundreds of grains (谷)”, which shows the ________ between weather and farming. A．choice B．connection C．difference D．competition 16．（2024·河北衡水·二模）In the past, people’s jobs required more physical ________. A．pressure B．mistake C．exercise D．effort 17．（2024·湖北武汉·一模）—When Mencius (孟子) was young, his mother spent a lot of ________ to his education. —People should choose good environments, that will develop good habits. A．effort B．time C．months D．money 18．（2024·湖北·二模）—People-to-people ________ are important to have a good relationship. —I agree. Communication really matters. A．clubs B．exchanges C．senses D．suggestions 19．（2024·江苏南京·一模）The students are encouraged to create paintings based on ________ such as love, respect and kindness. A．awards B．values C．rewards D．costs 20．（2024·安徽阜阳·一模）Yan Fengying from Anhui is a famous ________. She is known to the lovers of Huangmei Opera. A．painter B．artist C．farmer D．pilot 21．（2024·安徽淮南·二模）In some western restaurants, you need to pay for the good ________ of the waiter. A．service B．peace C．force D．courage 22．（2024·云南曲靖·一模）Mr. Chen is a folk ________ who can play Chinese instruments well. His work really touches the hearts of people. A．painter B．actress C．musician D．violinist 23．（2024·云南昭通·一模）—What does the ________ tell us in her new book? —We can make a big difference by starting with every little thing. A．worker B．doctor C．farmer D．writer 24．（2024·江苏连云港·一模）—In today’s DIY class, our teacher taught us to make kites in different ________. —I can’t wait to fly it at once. A．sights B．shakes C．shapes D．shames 25．（2024·云南玉溪·一模）I really believe there is so much ________ in the books we read. These books can make our minds rich and colorful. A．trouble B．treasure C．pressure D．pollution 26．（2024·湖北武汉·二模）—Since we are badly short of money, we have to take some spending ________ to get through the bad times. —Where there is hope, there is a way out. A．cuts B．changes C．choices D．conditions 27．（2024·江苏扬州·一模）—No bees, no agriculture; no agriculture, no civilization (文明). —Exactly. So the bees always have a special ________ with humans. A．reward B．relationship C．research D．record 28．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）In the movie called SUNRISE ON THE RIVER (《江河日上》), the ________ takes more actions to stop water pollution for the health of human beings. A．research B．discovery C．government 29．（2024·江苏南通·一模）Some words in the poems rhyme. Which word may it be in “By climbing to a greater ________”? A．floor B．height C．mountain D．top 30．（2024·山东东营·一模）Nowadays, students need to sit for a long time in the classroom each day, which can lead to some ________ problems. A．safety B．creativity C．health D．exam 31．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·一模）I hope that more people can understand delivery workers (外卖骑手) and show more ________ towards them. A．belief B．respect C．standard D．interest 32．（2024·吉林长春·一模）You need a ________ if you want to go for a trip in a strange city. A．toy B．map C．pear D．job 33．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—The AI model Sora can turn your words into videos. —How amazing it is! It is just like a ________. A．fair B．project C．magic 34．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）During the ________ of the conversation, I realized that the interviewee had been in prison. A．direction B．course C．progress D．form 35．（2024·安徽合肥·一模）—Oh, Lisa, why are you so crazy about cooking at home? —Well, in my eyes, the ________ of cooking doesn’t lie in filling the stomach but in feeling the warmth of home. A．symbol B．chance C．meaning D．trade 36．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）Don’t be disappointed. Everybody has his or her own _________. We should find them and overcome them. A．confidence B．imagination C．disadvantages 37．（2024·江西九江·一模）—What’s today’s homework? —Oh, we are asked to do a(n) ________ about whether students should do chores at home. A．survey B．standard C．instruction D．ceremony 38．（2024·天津红桥·一模）Miss Bai asked us to make a poster about Tomb-sweeping Day and find some pictures showing the ___________. A．festival B．sale C．meal D．exercise 39．（2024·安徽亳州·一模）Thanks to mother’s ______. I realized I could make it in the game. A．question B．support C．purpose D．request 40．（23-24九年级上·湖北武汉·期末）—It’s hard to imagine how he managed to be a singer as a blind person. —Life is full of ___________ if you never give up. A．secrets B．regrets C．chances D．challenges 41．（22-23九年级上·江苏南京·期末）Students in Grade 9 are busy with their schoolwork every day, but the daily exercise is of great ________ to them. A．value B．praise C．charm D．custom 42．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Susan went to buy a newspaper and when she came back she lost her ________ in the queue. A．way B．place C．chance D．time 43．（2023九年级·全国·专题练习）—________ are easily made, but not easily kept. —That’s true. Once you make one, be sure to keep it. A．Speeches B．Decisions C．Promises D．Suggestions 44．（2023·安徽黄山·一模）—She seemed to be suddenly filled with _______ and lifted two kids together from the water. —Don’t forget that she’s a mom. Every mom will be a fighter when their kids are in danger. A．ability B．energy C．patience D．confidence 45．（2022·内蒙古包头·中考真题）—Why could you write so well? —I read a lot, and the works of Ernest Hemingway had a strong ________ on me as a child. A．attention B．explanation C．situation D．influence 46．（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）Read the Tang poem A spring morning on the right. Its theme is about ________. A spring morning Meng Haoran This spring morning in bed I’m lying. Not wake up till I hear birds crying. After one night of wind and showers. How many are the fallen flowers! A．history B．sights C．friendship D．festivals 47．（2022·江苏南通·一模）To spread our traditional culture, many teenagers came up with new _________. For example, Suansuan, a college student, has posted over 50 videos on Bilibili to show her love for our culture. A．methods B．messages C．meanings D．medicines 48．（2022·江西赣州·一模）—What was the life like in your town 40 years ago, Mr. Li? —The living ________ were bad and many people didn’t have good medical care. A．experiences B．preparations C．instructions D．conditions 49．（2021·江苏无锡·一模）So let me say here that in front of the Chinese side, the United States does not have the qualification (资格) to say that it wants to speak to China from a ________ of strength. A．situation B．position C．condition D．location 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．B 【详解】句意：——如果面试太简单，那就是你没有得到这份工作的明确信号。——我明白。现在工作很难找。 考查名词辨析。sight视力；sign信号；sigh叹气；symbol象征。根据“If an interview is too easy, it’s a sure… that you haven’t got the job”可知，面试太简单就是没有得到这份工作的明确信号，故选B。 2．A 【详解】句意：让ChatGPT为你工作所需要的就是在它发挥魔力之前给出一些明确的指示。 考查名词辨析。instructions指令，指示；inventions发明；introductions介绍；conditions条件。根据空前“clear”和“make ChatGPT work for you”可知，使用ChatGPT需要明确的指令。故选A。 3．B 【详解】句意：——音乐会非常成功！——是的！事实上，乐队的鼓手迈克尔是这一切的幕后策划者。 考查名词辨析。foot足；brain策划组织者，大脑；sense感觉；step步骤。根据“was the … behind the whole program”和“The concert was a big success”可知音乐会很精彩，是因为他是策划组织者。故选B。 4．D 【详解】句意：请读下面的诗。 哪个词是 ________ 处最适合的？ 考查名词辨析。rains雨；storms风暴；snows雪；showers阵雨。根据“wind and”和诗歌末尾单词押韵的原则可知，lying和crying押韵；showers和flowers押韵。故选D。 5．D 【详解】句意：——你知道有什么通过回答问题来赢得奖品的游戏节目吗？——是的，《超级大脑》就是其中之一。 考查名词短语。chat shows访谈节目；documentaries纪录片；drama series连续剧；game shows游戏节目。由问句“win prizes”可知，此处表示“游戏节目”。故选D。 6．C 【详解】句意：——你觉得当地政府给你盖的新房子怎么样？——相当好。我现在有一种幸福的感觉。 考查名词辨析。warning警告；tradition传统；feeling感觉。根据“a ... of happiness”可知幸福是一种感觉。故选C。 7．D 【详解】句意：在两个人的对话中，65%的交流是通过肢体语言进行的。 考查名词辨析。information信息；pronunciation发音；introduction介绍；communication交流；根据“In a conversation between two persons”以及“through body language”可知，此处指的是“交流”中65%是肢体语言，故选D。 8．B 【详解】句意：第三中学的一个男生在江苏电视台的《最强大脑》节目中获得了一等奖，他鼓舞着我们。 考查名词辨析。instruction用法；inspiration灵感， 鼓舞人心/启发灵感的人或事；instrument器械。根据“A boy from No. 3 High School got the first prize in the live program Super Brain in Jiangsu TV.”可知，一个中学的男生在江苏电视台的《最强大脑》节目中获得了一等奖，这鼓舞着我们。an inspiration to sb“对某人的鼓舞”。故选B。 9．D 【详解】句意：——在中国，当我们对某人说“嗨”或“再见”时，我们会挥手。——即使在沉默中，我们也会使用肢体语言进行交流。 考查名词辨析。peace和平；friendship友谊；language语言；silence沉默。根据“We use body language to communicate even if there is”可知，即使在“沉默”中，我们也会使用肢体语言进行交流，其他选项不符合语境。故选D。 10．A 【详解】句意：亨利叔叔和安婶婶从不微笑或大笑。他们的生活中没有多少幸福。 考查名词辨析。happiness幸福；darkness黑暗；information消息；competition比赛。根据“Uncle Henry and Aunt Ann never smile or laugh. There isn’t much ... in their life.”可知，他们不笑，是因为生活中没什么幸福，故选A。 11．B 【详解】句意：如今，使用表情符号的信息在在线交流中已经变得非常普遍。例如，  意思是“大笑”。 考查名词辨析。Menus菜单；Messages信息；Marks标记；Methods方法。根据“with emojis (颜文字) have become very common in online communication nowadays.”可知，这里指的是带有表情符号的信息。故选B。 12．C 【详解】句意：——我打网球和篮球，夏天我去游泳。 ——你真的很喜欢运动！ 考查名词辨析。music音乐；food食物；sports运动；movies电影。根据“I play tennis and basketball, and I go swimming in summer.”可知，此处是指对方真的很喜欢运动。故选C。 13．A 【详解】句意：一列装饰着大熊猫照片的火车为川青铁路沿线的乘客提供了一段特殊的旅程。 考查名词辨析。passengers乘客；partners伙伴；passports护照；parades检阅。根据“A train decorated with pictures of giant pandas offers a special journey for”可知是为火车上的乘客提供一段特殊的旅程。故选A。 14．B 【详解】句意：看到孩子们在公园里玩耍的快乐景象，我对祖国的未来充满了喜悦和信心。 考查名词辨析。sight视野；scene场景；view观点；sign标志。根据“of children playing in the park”和后句可知，指的是孩子们在公园里玩耍的快乐场景，应用scene，故选B。 15．B 【详解】句意：谷雨得名于中国谚语“雨生百谷”，这表明天气与农业之间的联系。 考查名词辨析。choice选择；connection联系；difference差异；competition竞争。根据“between weather and farming”和前句的描述可知，谷雨的名字由来表明了天气与农业之间的联系。故选B。 16．D 【详解】句意：在过去，人们的工作需要更多的体力劳动。 考查名词辨析及固定搭配。pressure压力；mistake错误；exercise锻炼；effort努力。由“In the past, people’s jobs required more physical…”可知，在过去工作需要更多的体力，physical effort“体力”，固定搭配。故选D。 17．A 【详解】句意：——孟子小的时候，他的母亲花了很多精力来教育他。  ——人应该选择好的环境，这样才会养成好的习惯。 考查名词辨析。effort精力，努力；time时间；months数月；mone金钱。根据答语“People should choose good environments, that will develop good habits.”可知，此处是指孟子母亲花费“精力”来使他有了一个好的生活环境。故选A。 18．B 【详解】句意：——人与人之间的交流对于建立良好的关系很重要。——我同意。沟通真的很重要。 考查名词辨析。clubs俱乐部；exchanges交流；senses感觉； suggestions建议。根据“Communication really matters.”可知人与人之间的交流很重要。故选B。 19．B 【详解】句意：鼓励学生创作绘画时，要基于一些价值观，比如爱、尊重和善良等。 考查名词辨析。awards奖项；values价值，价值观；rewards奖励；costs花费。根据“such as love, respect and kindness.”可知，爱、尊重和善良是人的一些价值观。故选B。 20．B 【详解】句意：安徽人严凤英是一位著名的艺术家。她为黄梅戏爱好者所熟知。 考查名词辨析。painter画家；artist艺术家；farmer农夫；pilot飞行员。根据“She is known to the lovers of Huangmei Opera.”可知是艺术家。故选B。 21．A 【详解】句意：在一些西餐厅，你需要为服务员的优质服务付费。 考查名词辨析。service服务；peace和平；force力量；courage勇气。根据“In some western restaurants, you need to pay for the good…of the waiter.”可知，在某些西餐厅，需要为服务员的优质服务付费。故选A。 22．C 【详解】句意：陈先生是一位民间音乐家，中国乐器演奏得很好。他的作品确实打动了人们的心。 考查名词辨析。painter画家；actress女演员；musician音乐家；violinist小提琴家。根据“who can play Chinese instruments well”可知是民间音乐家，故选C。 23．D 【详解】句意：——作者在她的新书中告诉了我们什么？——从每一件小事做起，我们就能产生巨大的影响。 考查名词辨析。worker工人；doctor医生；farmer农民；writer作者。根据“in her new book”可知，此处指作者。故选D。 24．C 【详解】句意：——在今天的DIY课上，老师教我们制作不同形状的风筝。——我等不及要马上放飞了。 考查名词辨析。sights视野；shakes摇动；shapes形状；shames羞愧。根据“make kites in different”可知是制作不同形状的风筝。故选C。 25．B 【详解】句意：我真的相信我们读过的书里有很多宝藏。这些书可以使我们的思想丰富多彩。 考查名词辨析。trouble麻烦；treasure宝藏；pressure压力；pollution污染。由“These books can make our minds rich and colorful”可知，此处指书里面有宝藏。故选B。 26．A 【详解】句意：——由于我们严重缺钱，我们不得不削减开支来度过困难时期。 ——哪里有希望，哪里就有出路。 考查名词辨析。cuts削减，减少，缩减；changes变化；choices选择；conditions条件。根据“Since we are badly short of money, we have to take some spending … to get through the bad times.”可知，此处是指缺钱，要削减一些开支。故选A。 27．B 【详解】句意：——没有蜜蜂，就没有农业；没有农业，就没有文明。 ——没错。所以蜜蜂总是与人类有着特殊的关系。 考查名词辨析。reward报酬；relationship关系；research调查；record记录。根据“No bees, no agriculture; no agriculture, no civilization”可知，蜜蜂与人类有着特殊的关系，故选B。 28．C 【详解】句意：在电影《江河日上》中，政府为了人类的健康采取了更多的行动来阻止水污染。 考查名词辨析。research调查；discovery发现；government政府。根据“...takes more actions to stop water pollution for the health of human beings.”可知，此处表示政府采取行动。故选C。 29．B 【详解】句意：诗中有些词押韵。“更上一层楼”中应填哪个词？ 考查名词。floor楼；height高度；mountain山；top顶端。根据表格可知，诗歌为王之涣的《登鹳雀楼》，最后一句应为“更上一层楼”，其中glows和flows押韵，故空处应和sight押韵，sight发音/saɪt/，与选项height/haɪt/押韵。故选B。 30．C 【详解】句意：现在，学生们每天需要在教室里坐很长时间，这会导致一些健康问题。 考查名词辨析。safety安全；creativity创造力；health健康；exam考试。根据“sit for a long time in the classroom each day”可知，久坐会导致健康问题，故选C。 31．B 【详解】句意：我希望更多的人能够理解外卖骑手，尊重他们。 考查名词辨析。belief信任；respect尊敬；standard标准；interest兴趣。根据“can understand delivery workers (外卖骑手) and show more … towards them”可知，理解他们并尊重他们，故选B。 32．B 【详解】句意：如果你想要在一个陌生的城市旅游，你需要一张地图。 考查名词辨析。toy玩具；map地图；pear梨；job工作。根据“go for a trip in a strange city”可知在陌生城市旅游需要地图。故选B。 33．C 【详解】句意：——人工智能模型Sora可以把你的话变成视频。——这是多么神奇啊！这就像魔术一样。 考查名词辨析。fair集市；project工程；magic魔术。根据“How amazing it is!”可知，应说就像“魔术”。故选C。 34．B 【详解】句意：在谈话过程中，我意识到受访者曾坐过牢。 考查名词词义辨析。direction方向；course过程；progress进步；form类型。根据“I realized that the interviewee had been in prison.”可知，此处应该指的是在谈话过程中。故选B。 35．C 【详解】句意：——丽莎，你为什么这么喜欢在家做饭？——在我看来，做饭的意义不在于填饱肚子，而在于感受家的温暖。 考查名词。symbol象征；chance机会；meaning意义；trade贸易。根据“doesn’t lie in filling the stomach but in feeling the warmth of home”可知，不在于填饱肚子，而在于感受家的温暖，因此表示做饭的意义，故选C。 36．C 【详解】句意：不要失望。每个人都有他们自己的缺点。我们应该找到并克服它们。 考查名词辨析。confidence自信；imagination想象力；disadvantages缺点，短处。根据“We should find them and overcome them.”可知，需要克服的是消极或不好的事情，C选项符合语境。故选C。 37．A 【详解】句意：——今天的家庭作业是什么？——哦，我们被要求做一个关于学生是否应该在家做家务的调查。 考查名词词义辨析。survey调查；standard标准；instruction指示；ceremony典礼。根据“about whether students should do chores at home”可知，此处是指做一份关于学生是否应该在家做家务的调查。故选A。 38．A 【详解】句意：白老师让我们做一张关于清明节的海报，找一些节日的图片。 考查名词辨析。festival节日；sale出售；meal饭；exercise锻炼。根据“Tomb-sweeping Day”可知，清明节是节日，故选A。 39．B 【详解】句意：多亏了妈妈的支持。我意识到我可以在比赛中取得成功。 考查名词词义辨析。question问题；support支持；purpose目的；request需求。根据“I realized I could make it in the game”可知，此处是指妈妈的支持让自己获得了成功，故选B。 40．C 【详解】句意：——很难想象他作为一个盲人是如何成为一名歌手的。——只要你不放弃，生活就充满了机会。 考查名词辨析。secrets秘密；regrets后悔；chances机会；challenges挑战。根据“if you never give up”可知，如果不放弃，生活中就会充满了机会，故选C。 41．A 【详解】句意：九年级的学生每天都忙于他们的功课，但是每天的锻炼对他们来说是很有价值的。 考查名词辨析。value价值；praise赞美；charm魅力；custom习俗。由“but the daily exercise”可知，此处表示“日常的锻炼有价值”，be of great value“有极大价值”。故选A。 42．B 【详解】句意：苏珊去买报纸，当她回来时，排队的地方已经被占了。 考查名词辨析。way方法；place地方；chance机会；time时间。根据“Susan went to buy a newspaper and when she came back she lost her ... in the queue.”可知，苏珊去买报纸了，原先排队的位置被占了。故选B。 43．C 【详解】句意：——承诺容易许下，遵守却不容易。——这是真的。一旦你做出了决定，一定要守诺。 考查名词辨析。Speeches演讲；Decisions决定；Promises承诺；Suggestions建议。根据“... are easily made, but not easily kept.”结合常识可知容易许下却不易遵守的是承诺。故选C。 44．B 【详解】——她似乎突然充满了能量，把两个孩子一起从水中抱了起来。——别忘了她是个妈妈。当孩子处于危险之中时，每个妈妈都会成为一名战士。 考查名词辨析。ability能力；energy能量；patience耐心；confidence自信。由“lifted two kids together from the water”可知，此处是指充满了能量。故选B。 45．D 【详解】句意：——为什么你写作如此好？——我读了很多东西，小时候欧内斯特·海明威的作品对我影响很大。 考查名词。attention注意力；explanation解释，说明；situation情况；influence影响。句子用短语“have a strong influence on sb.”表达“对某人有巨大的影响”。故选D。 46．B 【详解】句意：阅读右边的唐诗《春晓》。它的主题是关于风景。 考查常识和名词辨析。history历史；sights风景；friendship友谊；festivals节日。根据诗歌内容“This spring morning in bed I’m lying. Not wake up till I hear birds crying. After one night of wind and showers. How many are the fallen flowers!”可知，《春晓》这首诗是描述风景的，故选B。 47．A 【详解】句意：为了传播我们的传统文化，许多青少年想出了新的方法。例如，大学生Suansuan在哔哩哔哩上发布了50多个视频，表达了她对我们文化的热爱。 考查名词辨析。methods方法；messages信息；meanings意义；medicines药。根据“To spread our traditional culture”以及后文的举例可知为了传播传统文化，要想很多方法。故选A。 48．D 【详解】句意：——四十年前你们小镇上的生活是怎样的，李老师？——生活条件很差，很多人得不到好的医疗保障。 考查名词辨析。experiences经历；preparations准备；instructions指令；conditions条件。根据答语可知，很多人得不到好的医疗保障，因此生活条件很差。生活条件living conditions。故选D。 49．B 【详解】句意：所以我想在这里说，在中方面前，美国没有资格说它想从一个强势的立场和中国对话。 考查名词辨析。situation形势；position立场；condition状况；location位置。根据“it wants to speak to China from a … of strength”可知，此处指强势的立场，故选B。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$