精品解析：北京市西城区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末英语试题

北京市西城区2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷 高一英语 2024. 7 本试卷共16页，共140分。考试时长120分钟。 考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第Ⅰ卷（共75分） Ⅰ. 听力理解（共三节，22.5分） 第一节：（共4小题；每小题1.5分，共6分） 听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. What does the man plan to do? A. Ride a bike. B. Buy an electric car. C. Use public transportation. 2. When does the man want the woman to take her vacation? A. At the end of the month. B. The day after tomorrow. C. Next month. 3. Where are the speakers probably going? A. The art gallery. B. The history museum. C. The forest park. 4 What is the woman? A. A librarian. B. A book seller. C. A doctor. 第二节：（共6小题；每小题1.5分，共9分） 听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。 听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。 5. When was the deadline for the term paper? A. Wednesday. B. Monday. C. Friday. 6. What will the man probably do next? A. He will apologize in person. B He will hand in another paper. C. He will write an email to explain. 听第6段材料，回答第7至第8小题。 7. What is the man doing? A. Giving suggestions. B. Offering an invitation. C. Asking for information. 8. Why is the man fond of hiking? A Because it increases his physical strength. B. Because it enables him to explore beauty in nature. C. Because it helps him learn from experienced hikers. 听第7段材料，回答第9至第10小题。 9. What has the woman been busy doing? A. Preparing for a test. B. Rearranging her schedule. C. Learning note-taking skills. 10. What can we learn about the woman? A. She falls behind due to low efficiency. B. She often goes to the park to rest. C. She needs to get more sleep. 第三节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分） 听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。 Tips on How to Relieve Stress by Drawing 11 with different colors or patterns ■ Color your pictures with 12 , exciting colors ■ Cover a page in a pattern Have fun ■ Enjoy the process of 13 ■ 14 your work up; mount it where it will catch your eye Keep a drawing journal ■ Keep your journal handy ■ Give the journal a certain 15 Ⅱ. 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，共22.5分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It’s a gift more than 50 years in the making. In 1972, Barbara Rieco ____1____ a heartfelt children’s book. It was based on a true story—a little boy she had met while she was a teenager living in Appalachia briefly. It was Barbara’s first encounter with poverty (贫困). She came from a middle-class family. She got to see another side of life that she’d heard of, but never seen. It ____2____ her and had a lasting influence on her life. ____3____ her best efforts, the manuscript (手稿) faced repeated refusal from publishers, leading her to eventually ____4____ her dreams of becoming a published author. Little did she know that, many years later, her grandson would turn those dreams into reality. Chad Cooper, a design and production professional based in New York City, decided to give his grandmother the perfect Christmas gift—the ____5____ of her treasured book. Visiting her for the holidays, he ____6____ took her original manuscript, along with the illustrations she had an artist draw years ago, and turned them into a beautifully printed book. On Christmas morning, as Barbara ____7____ the carefully wrapped gift, she was overcome with emotion. The moment, ____8____ by Chad, quickly became popular with viewers, and the video went viral online. “This is probably the nicest thing anyone’s ever done for me in my entire life,” Barbara says in the video. Chad’s ____9____ act didn’t just end with the surprise. He also included a(n) _____10_____ to the book on Amazon, making it accessible to the public. The _____11_____ was nothing short of a miracle (奇迹)—within days, Barbara’s _____12_____ book skyrocketed to the top of the bestseller list. As the world _____13_____ this unexpected Christmas miracle, Barbara Rieco’s book, now _____14_____ by a new generation of readers, continues to spread joy and inspiration, proving that sometimes the most extraordinary _____15_____ are the ones we never knew we needed. 1. A. edited B. adapted C. penned D. translated 2. A. worried B. touched C. supported D. challenged 3. A. Despite B. Through C. Without D. For 4. A. take on B. live up to C. hold on to D. set aside 5. A. promotion B. revision C. publication D. recommendation 6. A. curiously B. secretly C. calmly D. shyly 7. A. bought B. held C. opened D. showed 8. A. photographed B. filmed C. written D. described 9. A. respectful B. faithful C. thankful D. thoughtful 10. A. link B. introduction C. approach D. guide 11. A. comment B. impression C. response D. prediction 12. A. once-forgotten B. badly-needed C. well-known D. fully-prepared 13. A. accepts B. presents C. ignores D. celebrates 14. A. sold B. donated C. rated D. loved 15. A. videos B. gifts C. belongings D. materials 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C 12. A 13. D 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了孙子帮助祖母实现长期未实现的成为出版社作家的梦想。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1972年，芭芭拉·里科写了一本感人的儿童读物。A. edited编辑；B. adapted改编；C. penned写；D. translated翻译。根据下文“the manuscript (手稿) faced repeated refusal from publishers”手稿遭到出版社多次拒绝，可知此处是写了一本书。故选C。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这打动了她，并对她的生活产生了持久的影响。A. worried担心；B. touched感动；C. supported支持；D. challenged挑战。根据上文“She got to see another side of life that she’d heard of, but never seen.”以及“had a lasting influence on her life”可知，她从书中看到了她听说过但从未见过的生活的另一面，所以是感动了她。故选B。 【3题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管她尽了最大的努力，但手稿还是遭到了出版商的多次拒绝，最终导致她放弃了成为一名出版作家的梦想。A. Despite虽然，尽管；B. Through通过；C. Without没有；D. For为了。根据后文“the manuscript faced repeated refusal from publishers”可知，虽然她尽了最大的努力，她的手稿被出版社拒绝了。故选A。 【4题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管她尽了最大的努力，但手稿还是遭到了出版商的多次拒绝，最终导致她放弃了成为一名出版作家的梦想。A. take on开始承担；B. live up to达到，实现；C. hold on to坚持；D. set aside把……放置一旁。根据上文“____3____ her best efforts, the manuscript (手稿) faced repeated refusal from publishers,”可知，虽然她尽了最大努力，最终遭到出版社的拒绝，所以此处指的是她把成为一名出版社作家的梦想放置一边。故选D。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：查德·库珀是纽约市的一名设计和制作专业人士，他决定给他的祖母一份完美的圣诞礼物——出版她珍贵的书。A. promotion提升；B. revision复习，修改；C. publication出版；D. recommendation推荐。根据上文“her dreams of becoming a published author.”以及“turned them into a beautifully printed book”可知，他的祖母最终放弃了成为一名出版社作家的梦想，此处指的是他把她的珍贵的书出版。故选C。 【6题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：假期去看望她时，他偷偷拿走了她的原稿，还有她几年前请一位艺术家画的插图，把它们变成了一本印刷精美的书。A. curiously好奇地；B. secretly秘密地；C. calmly镇静地；D. shyly害羞地。根据下文“Chad’s ____9____ act didn’t just end with the surprise.”可知，他给奶奶带来的不仅仅是惊喜，所以这里指的是秘密地拿走了她的原稿。故选B。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：圣诞节的早晨，当芭芭拉打开精心包装的礼物时，她激动不已。A. bought卖；B. held举行；C. opened打开；D. showed展示。根据空格后“the carefully wrapped gift”可知，此处是打开精心包装的礼物。故选C。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：查德拍摄的这一时刻迅速受到观众的欢迎，视频在网上疯传。A. photographed拍照；B. filmed拍摄；C. written写；D. described描述。根据后文“and the video went viral online.”视频在网上疯传，可知，查德拍下了这一时刻。故选B。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：查德的体贴举动不仅以惊喜结束。A. respectful尊敬的；B. faithful真诚的；C. thankful感激的；D. thoughtful考虑周到的，体贴的。根据上文“Visiting her for the holidays, he ____6____ took her original manuscript, along with the illustrations she had an artist draw years ago, and turned them into a beautifully printed book.”他偷偷地把奶奶的书出版，可知此处指的体贴的举动。故选D。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他还在亚马逊上提供了这本书的链接，让公众可以阅读。A. link链接；B. introduction介绍；C. approach方法；D. guide指导。根据空格后“the book on Amazon”以及“making it accessible to the public”使得公众可以阅读，可知，此处指的是把书的链接放在亚马逊上。故选A。 【11题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们的反应简直是一个奇迹——几天之内，芭芭拉这本曾经被遗忘的书就蹿到了畅销书排行榜的首位。A. comment评论；B. impression印象；C. response回应，反应；D. prediction预测。根据后文“Barbara’s ____12____ book skyrocketed to the top of the bestseller list”可知，她的书达到了畅销书排行榜的首位，所以是人们的反应。故选C。 【12题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们的反应简直是一个奇迹——几天之内，芭芭拉这本曾经被遗忘的书就蹿到了畅销书排行榜的首位。A. once-forgotten曾经被遗忘的；B. badly-needed急需的；C. well-known著名的；D. fully-prepared充分准备的。根据前文“____3____ her best efforts, the manuscript (手稿) faced repeated refusal from publishers, leading her to eventually ____4____ her dreams of becoming a published author.”可知，他奶奶的书曾经被出版社拒绝，奶奶放弃了成为出版社作家的梦想，所以这里指的是曾经被遗忘的书。故选A。 【13题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当全世界都在庆祝这个意想不到的圣诞奇迹时，芭芭拉·里科的书，现在受到新一代读者的喜爱，继续传播欢乐和灵感，证明有时最不寻常的礼物是我们从不知道我们需要的。A. accepts接受；B. presents展示；C. ignores忽视；D. celebrates庆祝。根据空后“this unexpected Christmas miracle”可知，此处指的是庆祝圣诞节的这一奇迹。故选D。 【14题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当全世界都在庆祝这个意想不到的圣诞奇迹时，芭芭拉·里科的书，现在受到新一代读者的喜爱，继续传播欢乐和灵感，证明有时最不寻常的礼物是我们从不知道我们需要的。A. sold出售；B. donated捐赠；C. rated评估；D. loved喜爱。根据前文“Barbara’s ____12____ book skyrocketed to the top of the bestseller list”以及空后“continues to spread joy and inspiration”可知，芭芭拉的书位畅销书榜首，继续传播欢乐和灵感，故此处这是她的书受到新一代读者的喜爱。故选D。 【15题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当全世界都在庆祝这个意想不到的圣诞奇迹时，芭芭拉·里科的书，现在受到新一代读者的喜爱，继续传播欢乐和灵感，证明有时最不寻常的礼物是我们从不知道我们需要的。A. videos视频；B. gifts礼物；C. belongings所有物；D. materials材料。根据第四段中“decided to give his grandmother the perfect Christmas gift”可知，此处指的是最不寻常的礼物。故选B。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Best City Walks in the US Wisdom Tree Hike in Los Angeles This is probably the most popular city walk in LA — a journey to the only tree to survive the 2007 Barham fire. The Wisdom Tree is at the top of Burbank Peak, which gives you great views all over Los Angeles. The walk: Head up Wonder View Drive from Lake Hollywood Drive, and you will reach a gate at the end of the paved area. After you pass through, you’ll get to a wide-open area and the trail to the Wisdom Tree is to your right. SoHo/TriBeCa Walking Tour in New York City Heading down to SoHo and TriBeCa will give you the feeling of being in another city within NYC. The small side streets hide interesting buildings and unique shops, as well as historic spots. The walk: Head south from the Broadway-Lafayette Street subway station, and get lost among the art galleries, with a first sweet stop at the Museum of Ice Cream. Next, explore the Prince Street shops, then head east to Greene Street. Here, you can find some of the finest examples of cast-iron architecture in the city. The Boardwalk Trail in Austin In Austin, you’ll be charmed by art. The Boardwalk Trail aims to build a 7,250-foot walkway filled with works of art and fantastic views of the city. Don’t miss the 36 bronze belts designed by artist Ken Little, with country music song lyrics written on each. The walk: You can access the Boardwalk Trail from several points. The full trail is 10 miles long, where you can enjoy the peaceful waterside views and the skyline of Austin at sunset. Art Walk in Denver Denver is a great destination in itself, with lots of cultural attractions, live music and excellent restaurants. The city’s Art District on Santa Fe (ADSF) has a delightful 2.7-mile path that leads you to art galleries and excellent food and drink stops. The walk: From the charming Victorian house where you can admire the violins and guitars handcrafted by artists, make your way north to the Sunken Gardens, then the streets busy with art galleries and shops. Every first Friday of the month, the ADSF puts on an organized Art Walk on Santa Fe Drive. Art lovers have an opportunity to connect and share the experience of immersing (使沉浸) themselves in Denver’s art scene. 16. Which city walk can offer a bird’s eye view of a city? A. Art Walk in Denver. B. The Boardwalk Trail in Austin. C. Wisdom Tree Hike in Los Angeles. D. SoHo/TriBeCa Walking Tour in New York City. 17. What do the city walks in Austin and Denver have in common? A. Visitors can enjoy live music. B. Visitors can appreciate art works. C. Visitors can enjoy peaceful waterside views. D. Visitors can appreciate hand-made musical instruments. 18. Where is this passage probably taken from? A. A tourist brochure. B. An art review. C. An environmental journal. D. A geography textbook. 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要讲的是美国最好的四个城市步道。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Wisdom Tree Hike in Los Angeles部分“The Wisdom Tree is at the top of Burbank Peak, which gives you great views all over Los Angeles.( Wisdom Tree位于伯班克山顶，在那里你可以看到整个洛杉矶的美景。)”可知，洛杉矶的Wisdom Tree Hike可以看到一个城市的全景。故选C项。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章The Boardwalk Trail in Austin部分的“In Austin, you’ll be charmed by art.(在奥斯汀，你会被艺术所吸引。)”以及Art Walk in Denver部分的“Denver is a great destination in itself, with lots of cultural attractions, live music and excellent restaurants. The city’s Art District on Santa Fe (ADSF) has a delightful 2.7-mile path that leads you to art galleries and excellent food and drink stops.(丹佛本身就是一个伟大的目的地，有许多文化景点，现场音乐和一流的餐馆。这座城市的圣达菲艺术区(ADSF)有一条令人愉快的2.7英里小路，可以通往艺术画廊和美味的美食和饮料站。)”可知，Austin and Denver的共同之处在于在这两个地方的游客可以欣赏艺术作品。故选B项。 【18题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Four Best City Walks in the US(美国最好的四个城市步道)”以及全文内容可知文章主要介绍了美国最好的四个城市步道，所以最有可能出自旅游手册。故选A项。 B The first time Terry attended a meeting of the Tahquamenon Sportsmen’s Club, they made him vice president—and he wasn’t even a member. By his second visit, the few members left in the dying organization had put him in charge of the whole thing. The club began in the 1920s. Back then, hunting and fishing were pastimes in rural areas. The culture, however, is different now. When Terry took over the century-old club, it was on its last legs. Only a couple dozen members remained, and most were older than its new 68-year-old president. They were no longer doing the things they’d been known for. Worst of all, their famous fishing tackle party had been canceled twice, once just because they simply didn’t have enough members to pull it off. He wanted to push hard to keep the organization going, because it is one of the things that make up the heart and soul of Newberry. He had to look for new members. He needed to broaden the club’s offerings to attract younger people. More than anything else, he had to make sure the tackle party for kids took place once again. Little by little, Terry’s efforts worked. People began asking about memberships. Some sent contributions. Others offered their time. A local company donated new siding for the clubhouse. Someone else said they would put a new roof on it. Someone came and mowed the lawn (草坪) when it got long in the summer. Others cleared the snow in the winter. All over town, people and businesses promised to help the club survive and succeed. On the day of the annual Kids Tackle Party, hundreds of kids and their families appeared. Terry started the event with a speech. A local fishing expert gave tips on how to catch fish. Then, one at a time, each of the 245 kids was called by name, and every one of them got a fishing pole and a tackle box. It took more than three hours to get through everyone who showed up. It was a big event, one that came close to dying, but was finally back. Terry fought to keep the club and party for kids, a longtime tradition in the Newberry community, going. Traditions are dying these days, but he was able to get people to hold onto this one. 19. When Terry took over the club, ________. A. he was the youngest member B. hunting was a popular pastime C. the culture of the club remained D. the club was struggling to survive 20. To keep the organization going, what did Terry put at the top of his to-do list? A. Broadening people’s minds in Newberry. B. Searching for help from his neighborhood. C. Ensuring the return of the tackle party for kids. D. Offering appealing activities to attract new members. 21. What did the townspeople do to help the club? A. They grew grass. B. They removed the snow. C. They donated fishing poles. D. They fixed the clubhouse roof. 22. What can we learn from the story? A. Interest does not lie. B. The discovery of tradition matters. C. Sometimes hard work doesn’t pay off. D. A hero shows up during challenging times. 【答案】19. D 20. C 21. B 22. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是Terry接管了一个濒临灭亡的俱乐部，经过努力让它重新恢复生机的故事。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“By his second visit, the few members left in the dying organization had put him in charge of the whole thing.(到他第二次去的时候，这个垂死的组织里剩下的几个成员已经让他掌管了整个组织。)”以及文章第二段“When Terry took over the century-old club, it was on its last legs.(Terry接手这家百年俱乐部时，它已奄奄一息。)”可知，当Terry接管俱乐部时，俱乐部正在为生存而挣扎。故选D项。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“More than anything else, he had to make sure the tackle party for kids took place once again.(最重要的是，他必须确保孩子们的钓鱼派对再次举行。)”可知，为了保证俱乐部的运转，Terry把确保孩子们的钓鱼派对的回归放在了他待办事项清单的首位。故选C项。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Someone came and mowed the lawn (草坪) when it got long in the summer. Others cleared the snow in the winter.(当草在夏天变长时有人来修剪草坪，其他人则在冬天清理积雪。)”可知，为了帮助俱乐部，镇上的人帮助俱乐部清除积雪。故选B项。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Terry fought to keep the club and party for kids, a longtime tradition in the Newberry community, going. Traditions are dying these days, but he was able to get people to hold onto this one.( Terry努力让俱乐部和孩子们的聚会继续下去，这是纽伯里社区的一个长期传统。如今，传统正在消亡，但他能让人们坚持下去。)”以及文章其他段落的内容可知，文章主要讲的是Terry拯救了濒临灭亡的钓鱼派对，所以从故事中我们可以得出，英雄总是出现在挑战性的时期。故选D项。 C In the 1970s, a gorilla (大猩猩) known as Koko became world-famous when scientists taught her to use human sign language to communicate with people. There were numerous attempts in the mid-1900s to teach human language to nonhumans, such as Koko. But what we should have been thinking about was their abilities to engage in complex communication on their own terms instead of trying to teach an animal to talk to us in human language. Today scientists are trying to figure out how living things already share information using their particular methods. This new field of study is known as digital bioacoustics, and it involves using tools to understand the production of sounds and their effects on living things. Scientists in this field are using sensors, which are devices that pick up and record information on physical or chemical conditions. Some are also using artificial intelligence (AI) technology, an approach that uses algorithms (算法). The same algorithms that we use in tools such as Google Translate to translate documents can also be used to find patterns in nonhuman communication. Jeremy of Tel Aviv University studied nearly two dozen Egyptian fruit bats for two and a half months and recorded their vocalizations. His team adapted a voice-recognition program to study 15,000 of the sounds. The algorithm matched specific sounds with specific things the bats were doing. Using this program, the researchers were able to classify most of the bats’ sounds. Jeremy and other researchers have found that bats have a much more complex language than we previously understood. Bats argue over food; they distinguish (区分) between genders when they communicate with one another and they have individual names, or “signature calls”. That’s a great example of how AI is able to find these patterns from information gathered by sensors and microphones. AI reveals things that we can’t hear with our human ears alone because most bat communication happens above our hearing range, and because bats speak much faster than we do, we have to slow it down to listen to it. So we cannot listen like a bat, but our computers can. And our computers can also speak back to the bat by producing specific patterns. Digital bioacoustics is like an amazing hearing aid. It lets us listen to animals with both our digitally enhanced (增强的) ears and our imagination. This is slowly opening our minds not only to the wonderful sounds that nonhumans make, but to a fundamental set of questions about the so-called divide between humans and nonhumans, as well as our connection to other species. It’s also opening up new ways to think about protecting living things and our relationship with the planet. It’s pretty meaningful. 23. Regarding scientists’ efforts to teach animals human language, the author feels ________. A. negative B. unconcerned C. uncertain D. supportive 24. Scientists in digital bioacoustics are trying to study ________. A. how animals use different tools to share information B. how animals are affected by the production of sounds C. how animals are taught to talk in human sign language D. how animals communicate with one another using sounds 25. What can we learn about AI applied in digital bioacoustics? A. It pairs certain animals’ sounds with their behaviors. B. It slows down animals’ sounds within humans’ hearing range. C. It adapts voice-recognition programs to analyze animals’ sounds. D. It translates specific nonhuman sound patterns into human language. 26. According to the passage, the author may agree that ________. A. animals can be classified according to their sound patterns B. scientists need to keep studying how animals produce sounds C. digital bioacoustics may inspire humans to rethink their relationship with animals D. the focus of digital bioacoustics should be the divide between humans and nonhumans 【答案】23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是科学家们正试图弄清楚生物是如何用它们独特的方法共享信息的。这个新的研究领域被称为数字生物声学，它不仅让我们听到了非人类发出的美妙声音，而且让我们看到了一系列关于所谓的人类和非人类之间的鸿沟的基本问题，以及我们与其他物种的联系。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“But what we should have been thinking about was their abilities to engage in complex communication on their own terms instead of trying to teach an animal to talk to us in human language.(但我们应该考虑的是它们用自己的方式进行复杂交流的能力，而不是试图教会动物用人类的语言与我们交谈。)”可知作者认为我们应该考虑让动物用它们自己的方式进行复杂交流，而不是试图教会动物用人类的语言与我们交谈，所以作者对于科学家教动物人类语言的努力的态度是消极的。故选A项。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Today scientists are trying to figure out how living things already share information using their particular methods..(今天，科学家们正试图弄清楚生物是如何用它们独特的方法共享信息的。)”可知数字生物声学的科学家们正试图研究动物是如何利用它们独特的方法即声音相互交流的。故选D项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The algorithm matched specific sounds with specific things the bats were doing. Using this program, the researchers were able to classify most of the bats’ sounds.(该算法将特定的声音与蝙蝠正在做的特定事情相匹配。利用这个程序，研究人员能够对大多数蝙蝠的声音进行分类。)”可知应用于数字生物声学的人工智能将某些动物的声音与它们的行为配对。故选A项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It’s also opening up new ways to think about protecting living things and our relationship with the planet. It’s pretty meaningful.(它也开辟了新的方式来思考保护生物和我们与地球的关系。这很有意义。)”可知作者认为数字生物声学可能会激发人类重新思考他们与动物的关系。故选C项。 D Most of us don’t have any memories from the first three to four years of our lives. And when we do try to think back to our earliest memories, it’s often unclear whether they are the real thing or just recollections based on photos or stories told to us by others. The phenomenon (现象), known as “childhood amnesia”, has been puzzling psychologists for more than a century—and we still don’t fully understand it. At first glance, it may seem that the reason we don’t remember being babies is that babies don’t have a fully developed memory. But babies as young as six months can form both short-term memories that last for minutes and long-term memories that last weeks. In one study, six-month-olds who learned how to press a button to operate a toy train remembered how to perform this action for two to three weeks after they had last seen the toy. Preschoolers can remember events that go years back. Of course, memory capabilities at these ages are not adult-like. In fact, developmental changes in basic memory processes have been put forward as an explanation for childhood amnesia. These basic processes involve several brain regions and include forming, maintaining and then later retrieving (检索) the memory. For example, the hippocampus, thought to be responsible for forming memories, continues developing until the age of seven. The typical boundary for the offset of childhood amnesia—three and a half years—changes with age. Children and teenagers have earlier memories than adults do. This suggests that the problem may be less with forming memories than with maintaining them. But this does not seem to be the whole story; language also plays a role. From the ages of one to six, children progress from the one-word stage of speaking to becoming fluent in their native language(s), so there are major changes in their verbal (言语) ability that overlap with the childhood amnesia period. This includes using the past tense, and memory-related words such as “remember” and “forget”. It’s true to some extent that a child’s ability to verbalize about an event at the time that it happened predicts how well they remember it months or years later. One lab group conducted this work by interviewing young children brought to accident and emergency departments for common childhood injuries. Those over 26 months, who could verbalize about the event at the time, recalled (回忆起) it up to five years later, while those under 26 months, who could not talk about it, recalled little or nothing. Even if we can’t clearly remember specific events from when we were very young, their accumulation, however, leaves lasting tracks that influence our behavior. The first few years of life are forgettable and yet powerful in shaping the adults that we become. 27. According to the passage, childhood amnesia refers to ________. A. inability to recall early childhood experiences B. difficulty children have forming memories C. concern about the truth of early memories D. loss of memory abilities in the childhood 28. What do the words “overlap with” underlined in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Have a lot in common with. B. Happen at the same time as. C. Play an important role in. D. Are closely related to. 29. What may the results of the interview mentioned in Paragraph 5 suggest? A. Children start to form long-term memories at 26 months. B. Children’s ability to recall specific events increases with age. C. Preverbal memories may be lost if they are not translated into language. D. Injuries probably influence how well children verbalize about events. 30. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Childhood amnesia: How memory works in kids B. The brain and memory: How memories are formed C. Verbal ability: Why it matters in the memory process D. The forgotten childhood: Why early memories disappear 【答案】27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“童年失忆症”这一现象，分析了背后的原因以及相关研究。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Most of us don’t have any memories from the first three to four years of our lives. And when we do try to think back to our earliest memories, it’s often unclear whether they are the real thing or just recollections based on photos or stories told to us by others. The phenomenon (现象), known as “childhood amnesia”, has been puzzling psychologists for more than a century—and we still don’t fully understand it.(我们大多数人对生命的前三到四岁没有任何记忆。当我们试图回想起我们最早的记忆时，往往不清楚它们是真实的，还是仅仅是基于照片或别人告诉我们的故事的回忆。这种现象被称为“童年失忆症”，一个多世纪以来一直困扰着心理学家，我们仍然没有完全理解它)”可知，童年健忘症是指无法回忆起童年早期的经历。故选A。 【28题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“Most of us don’t have any memories from the first three to four years of our lives.(我们大多数人对生命的前三到四岁没有任何记忆)”以及划线词上文“From the ages of one to six, children progress from the one-word stage of speaking to becoming fluent in their native language(s), so there are major changes in their verbal (言语的) ability that”可知，大多数人对生命的前三到四岁没有任何记忆，这时因为从1岁到6岁，孩子们从一个单词的说话阶段发展到流利地说母语，所以他们的语言能力发生了重大变化，与儿童失忆症时期同时发生。故划线词意思是“与……同时发生”。故选B。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Those over 26 months, who could verbalize about the event at the time, recalled (回忆起) it up to five years later, while those under 26 months, who could not talk about it, recalled little or nothing.(超过26个月的婴儿当时可以用语言描述这件事，五年后他们还能回忆起这件事，而26个月以下的婴儿不能谈论这件事，几乎什么也记不起来)”可知，访谈结果可能表明如果不将言语前的记忆翻译成语言，可能会丢失。故选C。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The phenomenon (现象), known as “childhood amnesia”, has been puzzling psychologists for more than a century—and we still don’t fully understand it.(这种现象被称为“童年失忆症”，一个多世纪以来一直困扰着心理学家，我们仍然没有完全理解它)”结合文章主要介绍了“童年失忆症”这一现象，分析了背后的原因以及相关研究。可知，D选项“被遗忘的童年：为什么早期记忆会消失”最符合文章标题。故选D。 第Ⅱ卷（共65分） Ⅰ. 选词填空（共7小题；每小题2分，共14分） 用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。 observe harm likely independence survivor promise normal 31. The workers are building shelters for thousands of earthquake _____________. 32. _____________, it takes three or four years to complete the opera course. 33. He was voted the most _____________ new actor for his remarkable performance in the movie. 34. Although he sometimes speaks very directly, his intentions are _____________ — he just wants to help others. 35. A(n) _____________ organization is one that controls its own operation. 36. The two sides are _____________ to reach an agreement, because neither of them is willing to give in. 37. The _____________ of the universe makes us realize how small and insignificant we are. 【答案】31. survivors 32. Normally 33. promising 34. harmless 35. independent 36. unlikely 37. observation 【解析】 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：工人们正在为成千上万的地震幸存者建造避难所。根据空格前“建造避难所”可知，此处指的是地震幸存者，survivor意为“幸存者”；空格前有“thousands of”所以要用复数。故填survivors。 【32题详解】 考查副词。句意：通常，完成歌剧课程需要三到四年的时间。空格处位于句子的开头，修饰后面的句子，所以需要填入副词；空格后“完成歌剧课程需要三到四年的时间”为一个通常的情况；normally为normal的副词，意为“通常”。故填Normally。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：由于他在电影中的出色表现，他被选为最有前途的新演员。空格处位于名词之前，修饰名词，因此需要填入形容词；根据空格后“他在电影中的出色表现”可知，此处说明他是有前途的演员；promising意为“有前途的”，为promise的形容词。故填promising。 【34题详解】 考查形容词。句意：虽然他有时说话很直接，但他的意图是无害的——他只是想帮助别人。空格处位于be动词之后，因此需要填入形容词；根据空格后“他只是想帮助别人”可知，他的意图是好的，没有坏处的；harmless意为“无害的”为harm的形容词。故填harmless。 【35题详解】 考查形容词。句意：独立组织是指控制自身运作的组织。空格处位于名词之前，修饰名词，所以需要填入形容词；根据空格后的“控制自身运作的组织”可知，此处指的是独立的组织；independent意为“独立的”，为independence的形容词。故填independent。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：双方不太可能达成协议，因为双方都不愿让步。空格处位于动词之前，修饰动词，因此需要填入副词；根据后文“因为双方都不愿让步”，可知，此处指的是不可能达成协议。unlikely意为“不可能地”，为likely的反义词。故填unlikely。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：对宇宙的观察让我们意识到我们是多么的渺小和微不足道。空格处为句子的主语且位于冠词之后，所以需要填入名词；根据空格后“让我们意识到我们是多么的渺小和微不足道”以及“宇宙”可知，此处指的是“对宇宙的观察”。observation意为“观察”，为observe的名词，此处特指对宇宙的观察。故填observation。 Ⅱ. 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 在未给提示词的空白处填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 38. I like big parties _____________ you can dance, have fun and meet new people. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢大型派对，在那里你可以跳舞，玩得开心，认识新朋友。定语从句修饰先行词parties，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 39. Do you know the reason _____________ fruit and vegetables are often placed at a supermarket entrance? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你知道水果和蔬菜经常被放在超市入口处的原因吗？定语从句修饰先行词reason，在从句作原因状语，故填why。 40. The trees _____________ (blow) down in last night’s storm have been moved off the road. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】blown 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：在昨晚的暴风雨中被吹倒的树木已被移离道路。空处应填非谓语动词，主语The trees 与blow之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动，作后置定语。故填blown。 41. It is agreed _____________ background knowledge plays an important role in reading. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查句型。句意：人们一致认为背景知识在阅读中起着重要作用。表示“大家一致认为……”句型为It is agreed that...，故填that。 42. Producing a paper bag _____________ (use) four times as much energy as producing a plastic one. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】uses 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：生产一个纸袋所消耗的能量是生产一个塑料袋的四倍。空处应填谓语动词，此处是动名词短语Producing a paper bag作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。故填uses。 43. _____________ they’ll fly to Inner Mongolia hasn’t been decided. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】When##Whether 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句的引导词。句意：他们什么时候飞往内蒙古还没有决定。由句意空处为主语从句的引导词，从句缺少时间状语，应用连接副词when/whenever，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填When/Whether。 44. Some online courses are free and open to anyone, _____________ (give) learners anywhere the chance to study at any time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】giving 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有些在线课程是免费的，对任何人开放，让学习者随时随地都有机会学习。此处give与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填giving。 45. The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by___________ she was rescued. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】whom 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位妇女给救她的士兵写了一封感谢信。分析句子可知，by　　　　　①　　　　　 she was rescued为定语从句，修饰先行词the soldier，设空处为引导词，在从句中作介词by的宾语，故填whom。 46. I was having dinner when the phone rang, so I stopped _____________ (answer) it. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to answer 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：电话响时我正在吃晚饭，所以我停下来接电话。stop to do...意为“停下来去做另外一件事”，用不定式作宾语，而stop doing...意为“停下正在做的事情”，用动名词作宾语；句中指停下吃饭，去接电话，用stop to answer。故填to answer。 47. Those who like teaching _____________ they have acquired show better understanding and ability to remember knowledge. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：那些喜欢教他们所学知识的人表现出更好的理解和记忆能力。由句意此处为宾语从句的引导词，从句谓语动词have acquired之后缺少宾语，应用引导词what，意为“……的东西”。故填what。 Ⅲ. 完成句子（共5小题；第63、64题每题2分，第65、66、67题每题3分，共13分） 根据括号中所给提示完成下列句子。 48. 我们要提高人们的环保意识。（raise awareness）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We should raise people’s environmental awareness. 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词、形容词、名词。表示“我们”用we，作主语，位于句首，首字母大写。表示“应该”用情态动词should。表示“提高”用动词raise，与情态动词should搭配，用动词原形。表示“人们的”用people’s。表示“环境的”用形容词environmental，作前置定语，修饰“意识”。表示“意识”用awareness，作should raise的宾语。故翻译为We should raise people’s environmental awareness. 49. 你不应该试图自己解决这个难题。（attempt to）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】You shouldn’t attempt to solve this difficult problem on your own. 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词、动词短语、不定式作宾语和介词短语。表示“不应该”应用情态动词shouldn’t，表示“试图”应用动词attempt，attempt to do“试图做某事”，表示“解决这个难题”应用solve this difficult problem，应用不定式形式作宾语，表示“独自一人”应用介词短语on your own，作状语。故翻译为You shouldn’t attempt to solve this difficult problem on your own。 50. 由于你们的帮助，我们提前完成了任务。（thanks to）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Thanks to your help, we finished the task ahead of time. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“由于”短语为thanks to；表示“你们的帮助”为your help；主语为we；表示“完成任务”短语为finish the task；表示“提前”短语为ahead of time。为一般过去时。故翻译为Thanks to your help, we finished the task ahead of time. 51. 如果你需要更多的信息，请不要犹豫与我联系。（not hesitate to do）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】If you need more information, please don’t hesitate to contact me. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句、动词短语和祈使句。“如果”使用if引导条件状语从句，表示“需要”应用动词need，作从句的谓语动词，表示“更多信息”译为more information，作宾语，“请”使用please，主句译为祈使句的否定形式，故“做某事不要犹豫”应用don’t hesitate to do sth，不定式作宾语，表示“联系”应用动词contact，此处应用不定式形式，从句使用一般现在时。故翻译为If you need more information, please don’t hesitate to contact me. 52. 通过反思考试中的错误，Mike在英语方面取得了很大的进步。（reflect on）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Mike has made great progress in English by reflecting on the mistakes he made on exams. 【解析】 【详解】考查现在完成时，名词，介词，定语从句。根据汉语提示可知，Mike已经取得了进步，所以需要用现在完成时，“取得进步”为make progress；表示“在……方面取得进步”用介词in；“英语”为English；所以主句部分为Mike has made great progress in English。表示“通过……”用介词by；“反思”为固定短语reflect on；“错误”为mistake，此处需用复数；且指的是“他在考试中的错误”，所以需要用定语从句修饰；本句中“mistake”在句子中作宾语，所以关系词可省略，所以从句部分为he made on exams；所以状语部分为by reflecting on the mistakes he made on exams.。故答案为Mike has made great progress in English by reflecting on the mistakes he made on exams. Ⅳ. 阅读表达（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分） 阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。 Is it a tree? Is it a bear? If you’re looking at a tree in the shape of a bear, it’s a topiary. A topiary is a tree or bush that is trained into a shape. Topiaries are a kind of sculpture. Growing topiary garden takes both time and skill. The first thing a topiary gardener does is make a drawing. The drawing shows the form the gardener would like a tree or bush to take. The gardener then chooses the bush for the topiary. It may be one that has just been planted or one that is already in place. Special bushes are used for topiaries. These bushes are yew, privet, or boxwood. In June of the plant’s first year, the gardener looks for new leaves. When the leaves grow, it is time to shape the bottom of the bush. The gardener shapes the bottom of the bush for about five years. The top is not trimmed during this time. In the fifth year, the bush grows tall enough for shaping. That’s when the gardener begins to shape the whole bush. Sometimes branches are bent (使弯曲) to form a shape. The gardener ties the branches in place. Once a topiary has been started, it needs care all year. In summer it must be clipped many times to keep its shape. This cutting also helps the bush grow. In winter the bushes don’t grow. The gardeners have to brush snow off the plants. Snow can hurt the flat parts of the plants. Topiary gardening is a very old art. The Romans did it in the first century. In the sixteenth century, people in Europe liked topiaries too. The Dutch and French grew very pretty topiaries in their neat gardens. In the late 1600s, topiaries were also grown in America. Today, there is a topiary garden in Williamsburg, Virginia. It’s much like a garden that grew there hundreds of years ago. 53. What is a topiary? (不多于13个单词) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. When does the gardener begin to shape the whole bush? (不多于4个单词) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. What care does a topiary need in summer? (不多于12个单词) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 56. What do you think of topiary gardening? Please explain why. (单词数不限) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】53. A topiary is a tree or bush that is trained into a shape. 54. In the fifth year. 55. In summer it must be clipped many times to keep its shape. 56. I think topiary gardening is a fascinating and rewarding hobby that can add beauty and interest to any garden or outdoor space. While it may require some dedication and hard work, the final results can be truly stunning and worth the effort. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了树木修剪的意义以及具体的做法。 【53题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“A topiary is a tree or bush that is trained into a shape.(修剪过的树木或灌木被修剪成某种形状)”可知，修剪是指修剪过的树木或灌木被修剪成某种形状。故答案为A topiary is a tree or bush that is trained into a shape. 【54题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段“In the fifth year, the bush grows tall enough for shaping.(第五年，灌木长得足够高，可以修整了)”可知，园丁第五年开始修整整个灌木。故答案为In the fifth year. 【55题详解】 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“In summer it must be clipped many times to keep its shape.(夏天必须剪很多次才能保持形状)”可知，夏天必须剪很多次才能保持形状。故答案为In summer it must be clipped many times to keep its shape. 【56题详解】 考查开放题。根据“你对园艺有什么看法？请解释原因”可回答：我认为园艺是一种迷人而有益的爱好，可以为任何花园或户外空间增添美丽和兴趣。虽然这可能需要一些奉献和努力，但最终的结果确实令人惊叹，值得付出努力。故答案为I think topiary gardening is a fascinating and rewarding hobby that can add beauty and interest to any garden or outdoor space. While it may require some dedication and hard work, the final results can be truly stunning and worth the effort. Ⅴ. 书面表达（20分） 57. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。近期，你所在的传统文化俱乐部将举办一次“Chinese Tea Day”主题活动。请给你校交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括： 1. 邀请理由； 2. 活动安排。 注意：1. 词数不少于60； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, How is everything? I am writing to invite you to the “Chinese Tea Day” activity, which will be held by our Traditional Culture Club. I know you love Chinese culture and enjoy hands-on experiences, and this activity offers both. The 2-hour activity is scheduled at 4pm next Friday at a tea house near our school. It will include a presentation on the history of Chinese tea culture, followed by a tasting session with various types of Chinese tea, such as green, black, and oolong. Then, participants will have the opportunity to learn how to make and serve tea. If you plan on coming, please reply to this email before Thursday afternoon. Looking forward to seeing you there. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加学校传统文化俱乐部即将举办的“Chinese Tea Day”主题活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 回复：reply to→response to 举办：hold→host 各种各样的：various→diverse 喜欢：love→be fond of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Then, participants will have the opportunity to learn how to make and serve tea. 拓展句：Then, anyone who participate in the activity will have the opportunity to learn how to make and serve tea. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to invite you to the “Chinese Tea Day” activity, which will be held by our Traditional Culture Club.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】It will include a presentation on the history of Chinese tea culture, followed by a tasting session with various types of Chinese tea, such as green, black, and oolong.(运用了过去分词短语作状语) 听力1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. Experiment 12. bright 13. creation 14. Hang 15. topic 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 北京市西城区2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷 高一英语 2024. 7 本试卷共16页，共140分。考试时长120分钟。 考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第Ⅰ卷（共75分） Ⅰ. 听力理解（共三节，22.5分） 第一节：（共4小题；每小题1.5分，共6分） 听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. What does the man plan to do? A. Ride a bike. B. Buy an electric car. C. Use public transportation. 2. When does the man want the woman to take her vacation? A. At the end of the month. B. The day after tomorrow. C. Next month. 3. Where are the speakers probably going? A. The art gallery. B. The history museum. C. The forest park. 4. What is the woman? A. A librarian. B. A book seller. C. A doctor. 第二节：（共6小题；每小题1.5分，共9分） 听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。 听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。 5. When was the deadline for the term paper? A. Wednesday. B. Monday. C. Friday. 6. What will the man probably do next? A. He will apologize in person. B. He will hand in another paper. C. He will write an email to explain. 听第6段材料，回答第7至第8小题。 7. What is the man doing? A. Giving suggestions. B. Offering an invitation. C. Asking for information. 8. Why is the man fond of hiking? A. Because it increases his physical strength. B. Because it enables him to explore beauty in nature. C. Because it helps him learn from experienced hikers. 听第7段材料，回答第9至第10小题。 9. What has the woman been busy doing? A. Preparing for a test. B. Rearranging her schedule. C. Learning note-taking skills. 10. What can we learn about the woman? A. She falls behind due to low efficiency. B. She often goes to the park to rest. C. She needs to get more sleep. 第三节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分） 听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。 Tips on How to Relieve Stress by Drawing 11 with different colors or patterns ■ Color your pictures with 12 , exciting colors ■ Cover a page in a pattern Have fun ■ Enjoy the process of 13 ■ 14 your work up; mount it where it will catch your eye Keep a drawing journal ■ Keep your journal handy ■ Give the journal a certain 15 Ⅱ. 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，共22.5分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It’s a gift more than 50 years in the making. In 1972, Barbara Rieco ____1____ a heartfelt children’s book. It was based on a true story—a little boy she had met while she was a teenager living in Appalachia briefly. It was Barbara’s first encounter with poverty (贫困). She came from a middle-class family. She got to see another side of life that she’d heard of, but never seen. It ____2____ her and had a lasting influence on her life. ____3____ her best efforts, the manuscript (手稿) faced repeated refusal from publishers, leading her to eventually ____4____ her dreams of becoming a published author. Little did she know that, many years later, her grandson would turn those dreams into reality. Chad Cooper, a design and production professional based in New York City, decided to give his grandmother the perfect Christmas gift—the ____5____ of her treasured book. Visiting her for the holidays, he ____6____ took her original manuscript, along with the illustrations she had an artist draw years ago, and turned them into a beautifully printed book. On Christmas morning, as Barbara ____7____ the carefully wrapped gift, she was overcome with emotion. The moment, ____8____ by Chad, quickly became popular with viewers, and the video went viral online. “This is probably the nicest thing anyone’s ever done for me in my entire life,” Barbara says in the video. Chad’s ____9____ act didn’t just end with the surprise. He also included a(n) _____10_____ to the book on Amazon, making it accessible to the public. The _____11_____ was nothing short of a miracle (奇迹)—within days, Barbara’s _____12_____ book skyrocketed to the top of the bestseller list. As the world _____13_____ this unexpected Christmas miracle, Barbara Rieco’s book, now _____14_____ by a new generation of readers, continues to spread joy and inspiration, proving that sometimes the most extraordinary _____15_____ are the ones we never knew we needed. 1. A. edited B. adapted C. penned D. translated 2. A. worried B. touched C. supported D. challenged 3 A. Despite B. Through C. Without D. For 4. A. take on B. live up to C. hold on to D. set aside 5. A. promotion B. revision C. publication D. recommendation 6. A. curiously B. secretly C. calmly D. shyly 7. A. bought B. held C. opened D. showed 8. A. photographed B. filmed C. written D. described 9. A. respectful B. faithful C. thankful D. thoughtful 10. A. link B. introduction C. approach D. guide 11 A. comment B. impression C. response D. prediction 12. A. once-forgotten B. badly-needed C. well-known D. fully-prepared 13. A. accepts B. presents C. ignores D. celebrates 14. A. sold B. donated C. rated D. loved 15. A. videos B. gifts C. belongings D. materials 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Best City Walks in the US Wisdom Tree Hike in Los Angeles This is probably the most popular city walk in LA — a journey to the only tree to survive the 2007 Barham fire. The Wisdom Tree is at the top of Burbank Peak, which gives you great views all over Los Angeles. The walk: Head up Wonder View Drive from Lake Hollywood Drive, and you will reach a gate at the end of the paved area. After you pass through, you’ll get to a wide-open area and the trail to the Wisdom Tree is to your right. SoHo/TriBeCa Walking Tour in New York City Heading down to SoHo and TriBeCa will give you the feeling of being in another city within NYC. The small side streets hide interesting buildings and unique shops, as well as historic spots. The walk: Head south from the Broadway-Lafayette Street subway station, and get lost among the art galleries, with a first sweet stop at the Museum of Ice Cream. Next, explore the Prince Street shops, then head east to Greene Street. Here, you can find some of the finest examples of cast-iron architecture in the city. The Boardwalk Trail in Austin In Austin, you’ll be charmed by art. The Boardwalk Trail aims to build a 7,250-foot walkway filled with works of art and fantastic views of the city. Don’t miss the 36 bronze belts designed by artist Ken Little, with country music song lyrics written on each. The walk: You can access the Boardwalk Trail from several points. The full trail is 10 miles long, where you can enjoy the peaceful waterside views and the skyline of Austin at sunset. Art Walk in Denver Denver is a great destination in itself, with lots of cultural attractions, live music and excellent restaurants. The city’s Art District on Santa Fe (ADSF) has a delightful 2.7-mile path that leads you to art galleries and excellent food and drink stops. The walk: From the charming Victorian house where you can admire the violins and guitars handcrafted by artists, make your way north to the Sunken Gardens, then the streets busy with art galleries and shops. Every first Friday of the month, the ADSF puts on an organized Art Walk on Santa Fe Drive. Art lovers have an opportunity to connect and share the experience of immersing (使沉浸) themselves in Denver’s art scene. 16. Which city walk can offer a bird’s eye view of a city? A. Art Walk in Denver. B. The Boardwalk Trail in Austin. C. Wisdom Tree Hike in Los Angeles. D. SoHo/TriBeCa Walking Tour in New York City. 17. What do the city walks in Austin and Denver have in common? A. Visitors can enjoy live music. B. Visitors can appreciate art works. C. Visitors can enjoy peaceful waterside views. D. Visitors can appreciate hand-made musical instruments. 18. Where is this passage probably taken from? A. A tourist brochure. B. An art review. C. An environmental journal. D. A geography textbook. B The first time Terry attended a meeting of the Tahquamenon Sportsmen’s Club, they made him vice president—and he wasn’t even a member. By his second visit, the few members left in the dying organization had put him in charge of the whole thing. The club began in the 1920s. Back then, hunting and fishing were pastimes in rural areas. The culture, however, is different now. When Terry took over the century-old club, it was on its last legs. Only a couple dozen members remained, and most were older than its new 68-year-old president. They were no longer doing the things they’d been known for. Worst of all, their famous fishing tackle party had been canceled twice, once just because they simply didn’t have enough members to pull it off. He wanted to push hard to keep the organization going, because it is one of the things that make up the heart and soul of Newberry. He had to look for new members. He needed to broaden the club’s offerings to attract younger people. More than anything else, he had to make sure the tackle party for kids took place once again. Little by little, Terry’s efforts worked. People began asking about memberships. Some sent contributions. Others offered their time. A local company donated new siding for the clubhouse. Someone else said they would put a new roof on it. Someone came and mowed the lawn (草坪) when it got long in the summer. Others cleared the snow in the winter. All over town, people and businesses promised to help the club survive and succeed. On the day of the annual Kids Tackle Party, hundreds of kids and their families appeared. Terry started the event with a speech. A local fishing expert gave tips on how to catch fish. Then, one at a time, each of the 245 kids was called by name, and every one of them got a fishing pole and a tackle box. It took more than three hours to get through everyone who showed up. It was a big event, one that came close to dying, but was finally back. Terry fought to keep the club and party for kids, a longtime tradition in the Newberry community, going. Traditions are dying these days, but he was able to get people to hold onto this one. 19. When Terry took over the club, ________. A. he was the youngest member B. hunting was a popular pastime C. the culture of the club remained D. the club was struggling to survive 20. To keep the organization going, what did Terry put at the top of his to-do list? A. Broadening people’s minds in Newberry. B. Searching for help from his neighborhood. C. Ensuring the return of the tackle party for kids. D. Offering appealing activities to attract new members. 21. What did the townspeople do to help the club? A. They grew grass. B. They removed the snow. C. They donated fishing poles. D. They fixed the clubhouse roof. 22. What can we learn from the story? A. Interest does not lie. B. The discovery of tradition matters. C. Sometimes hard work doesn’t pay off. D. A hero shows up during challenging times. C In the 1970s, a gorilla (大猩猩) known as Koko became world-famous when scientists taught her to use human sign language to communicate with people. There were numerous attempts in the mid-1900s to teach human language to nonhumans, such as Koko. But what we should have been thinking about was their abilities to engage in complex communication on their own terms instead of trying to teach an animal to talk to us in human language. Today scientists are trying to figure out how living things already share information using their particular methods. This new field of study is known as digital bioacoustics, and it involves using tools to understand the production of sounds and their effects on living things. Scientists in this field are using sensors, which are devices that pick up and record information on physical or chemical conditions. Some are also using artificial intelligence (AI) technology, an approach that uses algorithms (算法). The same algorithms that we use in tools such as Google Translate to translate documents can also be used to find patterns in nonhuman communication. Jeremy of Tel Aviv University studied nearly two dozen Egyptian fruit bats for two and a half months and recorded their vocalizations. His team adapted a voice-recognition program to study 15,000 of the sounds. The algorithm matched specific sounds with specific things the bats were doing. Using this program, the researchers were able to classify most of the bats’ sounds. Jeremy and other researchers have found that bats have a much more complex language than we previously understood. Bats argue over food; they distinguish (区分) between genders when they communicate with one another and they have individual names, or “signature calls”. That’s a great example of how AI is able to find these patterns from information gathered by sensors and microphones. AI reveals things that we can’t hear with our human ears alone because most bat communication happens above our hearing range, and because bats speak much faster than we do, we have to slow it down to listen to it. So we cannot listen like a bat, but our computers can. And our computers can also speak back to the bat by producing specific patterns. Digital bioacoustics is like an amazing hearing aid. It lets us listen to animals with both our digitally enhanced (增强的) ears and our imagination. This is slowly opening our minds not only to the wonderful sounds that nonhumans make, but to a fundamental set of questions about the so-called divide between humans and nonhumans, as well as our connection to other species. It’s also opening up new ways to think about protecting living things and our relationship with the planet. It’s pretty meaningful. 23. Regarding scientists’ efforts to teach animals human language, the author feels ________. A. negative B. unconcerned C. uncertain D. supportive 24. Scientists in digital bioacoustics are trying to study ________. A. how animals use different tools to share information B. how animals are affected by the production of sounds C. how animals are taught to talk in human sign language D. how animals communicate with one another using sounds 25. What can we learn about AI applied in digital bioacoustics? A. It pairs certain animals’ sounds with their behaviors. B. It slows down animals’ sounds within humans’ hearing range. C. It adapts voice-recognition programs to analyze animals’ sounds. D. It translates specific nonhuman sound patterns into human language. 26. According to the passage, the author may agree that ________. A. animals can be classified according to their sound patterns B. scientists need to keep studying how animals produce sounds C. digital bioacoustics may inspire humans to rethink their relationship with animals D. the focus of digital bioacoustics should be the divide between humans and nonhumans D Most of us don’t have any memories from the first three to four years of our lives. And when we do try to think back to our earliest memories, it’s often unclear whether they are the real thing or just recollections based on photos or stories told to us by others. The phenomenon (现象), known as “childhood amnesia”, has been puzzling psychologists for more than a century—and we still don’t fully understand it. At first glance, it may seem that the reason we don’t remember being babies is that babies don’t have a fully developed memory. But babies as young as six months can form both short-term memories that last for minutes and long-term memories that last weeks. In one study, six-month-olds who learned how to press a button to operate a toy train remembered how to perform this action for two to three weeks after they had last seen the toy. Preschoolers can remember events that go years back. Of course, memory capabilities at these ages are not adult-like. In fact, developmental changes in basic memory processes have been put forward as an explanation for childhood amnesia. These basic processes involve several brain regions and include forming, maintaining and then later retrieving (检索) the memory. For example, the hippocampus, thought to be responsible for forming memories, continues developing until the age of seven. The typical boundary for the offset of childhood amnesia—three and a half years—changes with age. Children and teenagers have earlier memories than adults do. This suggests that the problem may be less with forming memories than with maintaining them. But this does not seem to be the whole story; language also plays a role. From the ages of one to six, children progress from the one-word stage of speaking to becoming fluent in their native language(s), so there are major changes in their verbal (言语的) ability that overlap with the childhood amnesia period. This includes using the past tense, and memory-related words such as “remember” and “forget”. It’s true to some extent that a child’s ability to verbalize about an event at the time that it happened predicts how well they remember it months or years later. One lab group conducted this work by interviewing young children brought to accident and emergency departments for common childhood injuries. Those over 26 months, who could verbalize about the event at the time, recalled (回忆起) it up to five years later, while those under 26 months, who could not talk about it, recalled little or nothing. Even if we can’t clearly remember specific events from when we were very young, their accumulation, however, leaves lasting tracks that influence our behavior. The first few years of life are forgettable and yet powerful in shaping the adults that we become. 27. According to the passage, childhood amnesia refers to ________. A. inability to recall early childhood experiences B. difficulty children have forming memories C. concern about the truth of early memories D. loss of memory abilities in the childhood 28. What do the words “overlap with” underlined in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Have a lot in common with. B. Happen at the same time as. C. Play an important role in. D. Are closely related to. 29. What may the results of the interview mentioned in Paragraph 5 suggest? A. Children start to form long-term memories at 26 months. B. Children’s ability to recall specific events increases with age. C. Preverbal memories may be lost if they are not translated into language. D. Injuries probably influence how well children verbalize about events. 30. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Childhood amnesia: How memory works in kids B. The brain and memory: How memories are formed C. Verbal ability: Why it matters in the memory process D. The forgotten childhood: Why early memories disappear 第Ⅱ卷（共65分） Ⅰ. 选词填空（共7小题；每小题2分，共14分） 用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。 observe harm likely independence survivor promise normal 31. The workers are building shelters for thousands of earthquake _____________. 32. _____________, it takes three or four years to complete the opera course. 33. He was voted the most _____________ new actor for his remarkable performance in the movie. 34. Although he sometimes speaks very directly, his intentions are _____________ — he just wants to help others. 35 A(n) _____________ organization is one that controls its own operation. 36. The two sides are _____________ to reach an agreement, because neither of them is willing to give in. 37. The _____________ of the universe makes us realize how small and insignificant we are. Ⅱ. 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 在未给提示词的空白处填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 38. I like big parties _____________ you can dance, have fun and meet new people. (用适当的词填空) 39. Do you know the reason _____________ fruit and vegetables are often placed at a supermarket entrance? (用适当的词填空) 40. The trees _____________ (blow) down in last night’s storm have been moved off the road. (所给词的适当形式填空) 41. It is agreed _____________ background knowledge plays an important role in reading. (用适当的词填空) 42. Producing a paper bag _____________ (use) four times as much energy as producing a plastic one. (所给词的适当形式填空) 43. _____________ they’ll fly to Inner Mongolia hasn’t been decided. (用适当的词填空) 44. Some online courses are free and open to anyone, _____________ (give) learners anywhere the chance to study at any time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45. The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by___________ she was rescued. （用适当的词填空） 46. I was having dinner when the phone rang, so I stopped _____________ (answer) it. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. Those who like teaching _____________ they have acquired show better understanding and ability to remember knowledge. (用适当的词填空) Ⅲ. 完成句子（共5小题；第63、64题每题2分，第65、66、67题每题3分，共13分） 根据括号中所给提示完成下列句子。 48. 我们要提高人们的环保意识。（raise awareness）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 49. 你不应该试图自己解决这个难题。（attempt to）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 50. 由于你们的帮助，我们提前完成了任务。（thanks to）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 51. 如果你需要更多的信息，请不要犹豫与我联系。（not hesitate to do）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 52. 通过反思考试中错误，Mike在英语方面取得了很大的进步。（reflect on）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅳ. 阅读表达（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分） 阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。 Is it a tree? Is it a bear? If you’re looking at a tree in the shape of a bear, it’s a topiary. A topiary is a tree or bush that is trained into a shape. Topiaries are a kind of sculpture. Growing topiary garden takes both time and skill. The first thing a topiary gardener does is make a drawing. The drawing shows the form the gardener would like a tree or bush to take. The gardener then chooses the bush for the topiary. It may be one that has just been planted or one that is already in place. Special bushes are used for topiaries. These bushes are yew, privet, or boxwood. In June of the plant’s first year, the gardener looks for new leaves. When the leaves grow, it is time to shape the bottom of the bush. The gardener shapes the bottom of the bush for about five years. The top is not trimmed during this time. In the fifth year, the bush grows tall enough for shaping. That’s when the gardener begins to shape the whole bush. Sometimes branches are bent (使弯曲) to form a shape. The gardener ties the branches in place. Once a topiary has been started, it needs care all year. In summer it must be clipped many times to keep its shape. This cutting also helps the bush grow. In winter the bushes don’t grow. The gardeners have to brush snow off the plants. Snow can hurt the flat parts of the plants. Topiary gardening is a very old art. The Romans did it in the first century. In the sixteenth century, people in Europe liked topiaries too. The Dutch and French grew very pretty topiaries in their neat gardens. In the late 1600s, topiaries were also grown in America. Today, there is a topiary garden in Williamsburg, Virginia. It’s much like a garden that grew there hundreds of years ago. 53. What is a topiary? (不多于13个单词) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. When does the gardener begin to shape the whole bush? (不多于4个单词) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. What care does a topiary need in summer? (不多于12个单词) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 56. What do you think of topiary gardening? Please explain why. (单词数不限) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅴ. 书面表达（20分） 57. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。近期，你所在的传统文化俱乐部将举办一次“Chinese Tea Day”主题活动。请给你校交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括： 1. 邀请理由； 2. 活动安排。 注意：1. 词数不少于60； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 听力1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. Experiment 12. bright 13. creation 14. Hang 15. topic 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$