2024届高考英语长难句解析课件

2024高考英语 长难句解析 弄懂长难句,常用方法是: “一划二括三理解” 一划:划出句子主干(主谓宾、主系表) 二括:括出修饰成分(介词短语、非谓语动词和从句等) 三理解:主干和修饰成分组块理解、按照逻辑理顺句意。 1 The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks-like identifying the main idea in a reading passage -to ones that require mental abstraction-such as drawing inferences from a text. 句意:当实验人员从提出简单的任务,如找到阅读文章的主旨,转向需要抽象思维的任务,如从文本中推断出结论时, 纸质阅读的好处尤为明显。 分析:本句中的when引导的时间状语从句,从句谓语为move, like identifying the main idea in a reading passage 和such as drawing inferences from a text 分别补充说明simple tasks 和ones that require mental abstraction. 2 According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. (新课标1卷阅读理解C篇) 句意:根据这理论,人们对待数字文本的态度与对待社交媒体的态度相当,社交媒体通常不那么严肃,相比较纸质阅读,人们投入的脑力要少。 分析: suited to social media 作为后置定语修饰mindset, which 引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词social media, and 连接主句并列的谓语approach 和 devote. 3 These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens, and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable? 句意:现在,这些观察结果的数量超过了来自实物标本的原始数据,而由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究特种如何应对全球变化,我想知道:这些观察数据可靠吗? 分析: 本句是一个并列句,前半句中的that作关系代词引导定语从句,修饰先行词the primary data;后半句中的since引导原因状语从句;how引导宾语从句作investigate的宾语。 Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns. 句意: Daru和他的团队使用了一个包含19亿条植物、昆虫、鸟类和动物记录的全球数据集,测试这些数据在多大程度上代表了实际的全球生物多样性模式。 分析:Using a global dataset…为分词短语作状语,how引导宾语从句作test的宾语。 5 This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. 句意:这是有道理的,因为民间科学家经常通过设备获取生物多样性观察数据,他们记录的是在附近地区接触到的物种。 分析:because 引导原因状语从句,who引导定语从句修饰先行词the people,recording…nearby为分词短语作后置定语,修饰citizen scientists. 6 Between the girl making my achievement seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only reason I`d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! (新课标1卷完形填空) 句意:那个女孩让我觉得自己的成就微不足道,加上慢跑让我感到无聊, 我决定以后来再也不跑步了,除非有一只大狗追着我跑! 分析:句子的主干为I decided that …. . Between…and …为介词短语作状语,其中making my achievement seem small 为现在分词作后置定语,修饰the girl ; that 引导的宾语从句中the reason(that)…表示“…的原因。” 7 We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest. ( 新课标2卷阅读理解B篇) 句意:我们想要做一些事情,即向湾区的艺术家发起呼吁,让他们提交故事参加比赛。 分析:本句为主从复合句,句子主干是:We wanted to do something ;where引导定语从句,修饰先行词something, 说明其具体内容,即发起一个呼吁。不定式短语to submit stories for a contest 作目标状语,说明发起呼吁的目的,即让艺术家提交故事参加比赛。 8 Moreover, having a system in the same building where it`s eaten means zero emissions from transporting plants from soil to salad.( 新课标2卷阅读理解B篇) 句意:此外,在同一楼内的这一系统(从种植到食用)意味着蔬菜从土壤到沙拉过程中的零排放。 分析:having a system in the same building为动名词短语作主语,where it`s eaten 引导定语从句,修饰先行词building, means 为句子谓语。 9 She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic , making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. (新课标2卷阅读理解C篇) 句意:她从商业人士(而非学者)的实用角度出发,使得这本指南通俗易懂、内容丰富,读完之后,你会觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明。 分析: She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic; making for … as AI是非谓语短语作伴随状语,其中嵌入两个which引导的定语从句,都有修饰先行词guide. 10 That`s why most pet cats are able tto tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don`t usually like.(全国甲卷阅读理解B篇) 句意:这就是为什么大多数宠物猫能够立即判断它们的主人是否曾接触过其他猫,而它们通常不喜欢主人这样做。 分析:That`s why most pet cats are able to tell immediately; why most pet cats are able to tell immediately 为why 引导的表语从句;If their owners were around any other cats 为if 引导的宾语从句作tell的宾语;which they don`t usually like为which 引导的非性定语从句,修饰它们的主人接触过其他猫的这种情况。 11 He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they don`t have a traditionally positive outcome. (全国甲卷阅读理解D篇) 句意:他建议我思考我想要的角色结局和适合角色的结局,即使这些结局不是传统意义上的美满结局。 分析:本句中that I wanted for the characters, that were right ffor the characters和that satisfied the story 均是定语从句, 均修饰各种前面的endings; even if 引导让步状语从句;He suggested I think about …中,suggest意为“建议”,其后的宾语从句中用should+动词原形表示虚拟语气,think前省略了should. Thank You! $$