精品解析：广东省深圳市光明区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题

2023—2024学年第二学期学业水平调研测试八年级英语 本试卷共8页，满分75分，考试时间70分钟。 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必用黑色字迹的签字笔在答题卡指定位置填写自己的学校、姓名、班级、准考证号，并将条形码正向粘贴在答题卡的贴条形码区，请保持条形码整洁、不污损。 2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上，如需改动请先用橡皮擦干净，再选涂其他答案标号。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。 4．请考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，不要折叠，不要弄破，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 选择题（50分） I．完形填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 Some time ago, a restaurant called Dans le Noir in London caught my attention. It offers seasonal dishes known for their ___1___. People are told they will have a “blind adventure (冒险)” as the eating takes place in ___2___. And they can only know what they’ve had when the meal is over. I visited the restaurant with a friend, and we were warmly greeted at the door. As we ___3___ the restaurant, we met our guide, Ghow. Ghow was born blind. He led us to our ___4___ with my hand on his shoulder. My friend followed by holding onto mine. It was hard not to feel ___5___ in the dark, but our waiter calmed us down and told us he would be near our table during the meal. For the menu, we were given the choice of “red”—meat, “blue”—fish or “green”—vegetarian (素食). After they took our order, we were left to ___6___ what exactly would be on our dishes. We discovered new ways to enjoy food by ___7___ touch, smell as well as taste. When we had our wine, my friend thought mine tasted better than hers, so we exchanged our glasses. ___8___, we found out that we were drinking the same thing. As they say, the grass is always greener on the other side; we often do not realize what we already have. The food was ___9___, but the experience was more than just a nice meal. It brought back memories of my childhood, got me excited about trying new things and taught me to ___10___ what I have—including my eyesight. 1. A. price B. taste C. history D. creativity 2. A. peace B. silence C. darkness D. freedom 3. A. sold B. closed C. cleaned D. entered 4. A. table B. house C. store D. restaurant 5 A. cheerful B. nervous C. proud D. welcome 6. A. make B. decide C. wonder D. complain 7. A. depending on B. responding to C. giving up D. slowing down 8. A. Luckily B. Terribly C. Certainly D. Surprisingly 9. A. cold B. healthy C. excellent D. expensive 10. A. share B. value C. accept D. challenge 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者和朋友在伦敦一家餐厅的独特用餐经历。 【1题详解】 句意：它提供以创意闻名的时令菜肴。 price价格；taste味道；history历史；creativity创意。根据下文“People are told they will have a ‘blind adventure (冒险)’ as the eating...”可知，在吃东西的时候会进行一场冒险，这应是很有创意的。故选D。 【2题详解】 句意：人们被告知，他们将进行一次“失明的冒险”，因为吃饭是在黑暗中进行的。 peace和平；silence寂静；darkness黑暗中；freedom自由。根据下文“in the dark,”可知，此处指在黑暗中。故选C。 【3题详解】 句意：当我们进入餐厅时，我们遇到了我们的向导，Ghow。 sold卖；closed关闭；cleaned清扫；entered进入。根据上文“I visited the restaurant with a friend, and we were warmly greeted at the door.”可知，“我”和朋友去了那家餐馆，所以此处应是指“进入那家餐馆”。故选D。 【4题详解】 句意：我的手搭在他的肩膀上，他把我们带到我们的桌子旁。 table桌子；house房子；store商店；restaurant餐馆。上文提到“我”和朋友去了那家餐馆，结合下文“but our waiter calmed us down and told us he would be near our table during the meal.”可知，餐馆的向导应是把“我”们带到将要用餐的桌子那儿。故选A。 【5题详解】 句意：在黑暗中很难不感到紧张。 cheerful欢快的；nervous紧张的；proud自豪的；welcome受欢迎的。根据“It was hard not to feel...in the dark,”和常识可知，人在黑暗中是会感到紧张的。故选B。 【6题详解】 句意：他们给我们点菜后，我们就想知道我们的盘子里到底会有什么。 make制作；decide决定；wonder想知道；complain抱怨。根据上文“For the menu, we were given the choice of ‘red’—meat, ‘blue’—fish or ‘green’—vegetarian (素食).”可知，菜单上并没有告诉顾客具体是什么食物，所以此处应是表示“想知道盘子里会有什么东西”。故选C。 【7题详解】 句意：我们发现了通过依靠触觉、嗅觉和味觉来享受食物的新方法。 depending on依靠；responding to回应；giving up放弃；slowing down减速。根据上文“in the dark”和“For the menu, we were given the choice of “red”—meat, ‘blue’—fish or ‘green’—vegetarian (素食).”可知，就餐是在黑暗中进行的，且菜单上并没有说明具体是什么食物，所以只能依靠触觉、嗅觉和味觉来享受食物。故选A。 【8题详解】 句意：令人惊讶的是，我们发现我们喝的是同样的东西。 Luckily幸运地；Terribly非常糟地；Certainly无疑；Surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据上文“When we had our wine, my friend thought mine tasted better than hers, so we exchanged our glasses.”可知，朋友以为“我”的比她的好喝，交换品尝后，惊讶地发现喝的是同样的东西。故选D。 【9题详解】 句意：食物很棒，但这次体验不仅仅是一顿美餐。 cold冷的；healthy健康的；excellent极好的；expensive昂贵的。根据下文“more than just a nice meal”可知，食物是很棒的。故选C。 【10题详解】 句意：它唤起了我童年的记忆，让我对尝试新事物感到兴奋，并教会我珍惜我所拥有的——包括我的视力。 share分享；value珍视；accept接受；challenge挑战。根据“taught me to...what I have—including my eyesight”可知，此处应是指“珍惜自己所拥有的东西”。故选B。 II．阅读理解（40分） 第一节 阅读下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。（共15小题，每小题1.5分） A From June 5 to 9, 14-year-old Layton Cawthorn from Retford, UK, will ride a bike from London to Amsterdam to raise money in memory of his best friend, Daisy. In 2021, Daisy got cancer (癌症) and received care at Sheffield Children’s Hospital. When Cawthorn heard the news, he began his fundraising (募捐) by running. He ran 2 kilometers every day for 109 days and raised over £7,400 for Daisy and Sheffield Children’s Hospital. Daisy loved ice cream, so Cawthorn wanted to use some of his fundraising to have enough ice cream for her and the other children in the hospital. Sadly, after getting better from cancer three times, Daisy passed away in December 2023. Before Daisy’s passing, Cawthorn had signed up for (报名参加) a bike ride, hoping to support her. After her death, he decided to proceed and complete the ride to remember her. The bike ride is organized by the children’s charities in the UK. This June, riders will cover about 539 kilometers through four countries. Together the supporters will be helping children with illnesses in the UK and other countries. Cawthorn has now begun training for the bike ride. “Daisy is always in my heart, and I would love to know that she is on this journey with me. I hope to have her flower on my bike to give me the courage to fight,” he told Charity Today News. 11. Where will Cawthorn go by bike? A. London B. Retford C. Amsterdam D. Daisy’s home 12. How did Cawthorn raise over £7,400? A. By caring for cancer patients. B. By running 2km for 109 days. C. By getting money from hospital. D. By selling ice cream to sick children. 13. What does the underlined phrase “proceed” probably mean? A. Return B. Refuse C. Celebrate D. Continue 14. Which of the following best describes Cawthorn? A. Serious and patient. B. Kind and thoughtful. C. Hard-working and shy. D. Warm-hearted and smart. 15. What is the main idea of this passage? A. A journey of fighting cancer. B. A program for bike riding training. C. A bike ride in memory of a late friend. D. A fundraising run for children in Europe. 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. D 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述的是考索恩为纪念自己的已故好友黛西而进行了一场自行车之旅。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据“…14-year-old Layton Cawthorn from Retford, UK, will ride a bike from London to Amsterdam to raise money in memory of his best friend, Daisy.”可知，来自英国雷特福德的14岁男孩雷顿·考索恩将骑自行车从伦敦到阿姆斯特丹，为纪念他最好的朋友黛西筹集资金。故选C。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据“He ran 2 kilometers every day for 109 days and raised over £7,400 for Daisy and Sheffield Children’s Hospital.”可知，他连续109天每天跑2公里，为黛西和谢菲尔德儿童医院筹集了7400多英镑。故选B。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据前文“Before Daisy’s passing, Cawthorn had signed up for (报名参加) a bike ride, hoping to support her.”及“After her death, he decided to proceed and complete the ride to remember her.”可知，在黛西去世之前，他已经报名参加了骑行，并且在黛西去世之后，为了纪念她，他决定继续并完成骑行。划线词的意思是“继续”，与continue意思相近。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据“When Cawthorn heard the news, he began his fundraising (募捐) by running.”及“Daisy loved ice cream, so Cawthorn wanted to use some of his fundraising to have enough ice cream for her and the other children in the hospital.”可知，考索恩通过跑步筹集募捐，并且用他的筹款来为黛西和医院里的其他孩子准备冰淇淋，体现了考索恩的热心和聪明。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“From June 5 to 9, 14-year-old Layton Cawthorn from Retford, UK, will ride a bike from London to Amsterdam to raise money in memory of his best friend, Daisy.”可知，本文主要讲述的是考索恩为纪念自己的好友黛西而进行了一场自行车之旅。故选C。 B On May 3, a Long March-5 rocket took off from Hainan. It was carrying the Chang’e-6 spacecraft (航天器). After about 37 minutes, the spacecraft separated from the rocket and began its 53-day journey. The Chang’e-6 spacecraft has a special job. It’s going to collect rocks and soil from the far side of the moon and bring them back to Earth. “No other country has done this before,” said Wu Weiren, chief designer of China’s moon exploration program. The moon rotates (旋转) at the same speed as it moves around Earth. As a result, we always see the “near side” of the moon from Earth. “We still know very little about the moon’s far side. If we make it, we’ll give scientists new, first-hand information about the moon.” The Chang’e-6 spacecraft has a robotic arm. After it lands on the moon, the arm will start working. It will collect rocks and soil from the moon’s surface (表面) and put them in a special box. The spacecraft will then bring them back to Earth. How much will Chang’e-6 be able to collect? Scientists don’t know for sure. Their goal is about two kilograms. The spacecraft will land in an impact crater (撞击坑) called the SPA Basin. It is 2,500 kilometers wide. That’s about the distance between Beijing and Hainan. The SPA Basin has a history of over four billion years. It is the oldest and largest impact crater on the moon. Scientists believe that studying it may give us some of the earliest information about the moon. 16. When will the Chang’e-6 spacecraft return? A. On May 3. B. On June 9. C. On March 5. D. On June 25. 17. What can we know from Wu Weiren’s words in Paragraph 2? A. The Cheng’e-6 is making history. B. No other country has been to the moon. C. The moon’s near side has never been seen. D. Human have known much about the moon’s far side. 18. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A. Why a robotic arm is used. B. How Chang’e-6 completes its job. C What can be seen on the moon’s surface. D. How much soil and rocks will be collected. 19. Why is the SPA Basin chosen as the landing site? A. It is the smallest impact crater on the moon. B. It has been studied for over four billion years. C. It will give us earliest information about the Earth. D. It may provide understanding of the moon’s history. 20. In which part of a newspaper can you probably read the passage? A. Sports. B. Nature. C. Science. D. Education. 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了嫦娥六号飞船在月球的工作及其意义。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据“On May 3, a Long March-5 rocket took off from Hainan. It was carrying the Chang’e-6 spacecraft. After about 37 minutes, the spacecraft separated from the rocket and began its 53-day journey.”可知，5月3日，长征五号火箭从海南起飞，开始了它为期53天的旅程。53天后是6月25日。故选D。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。根据“No other country has done this before”及“…we always see the ‘near side’ of the moon from Earth. We still know very little about the moon’s far side.”可知，以前没有其他国家这样做过，可见“嫦娥六号”正在创造历史。故选A。 【18题详解】 段落大意题。根据“After it lands on the moon, the arm will start working. It will collect rocks and soil from the moon’s surface and put them in a special box. ”可知，本段主要介绍嫦娥六号如何工作的。故选B。 【19题详解】 细节理解题题。根据“The SPA Basin has a history of over four billion years. It is the oldest and largest impact crater on the moon. Scientists believe that studying it may give us some of the earliest information about the moon.”可知，科学家认为，研究SPA盆地可能会给我们一些关于月球的最早信息。故选D。 【20题详解】 推理判断题。根据“On May 3, a Long March-5 rocket took off from Hainan…”及最后一段“Scientists believe that studying it may give us some of the earliest information about the moon.”可知，本文主要讲述的是嫦娥六号飞船的相关内容，属于科学领域。故选C。 C Can you imagine spending your nights sleeping thousands of times, each time for only four seconds? That’s exactly how chinstrap penguin (帽带企鹅) parents sleep, according to a study by Won Young Lee from the Korea Polar Research Institute and his team. Like other penguins, chinstrap penguins spend much of their time in the water, catching fish to eat. But when the time comes to raise their young, they return to land. The eggs are often laid in nests made of small rocks so that they won’t freeze. One parent’s job is to hunt for food, while the other keeps the nest safe. It is quite challenging. For one thing, brown skuas (贼鸥) like to attack the eggs and young penguins of careless parents. Besides, other penguins in nearby areas may take stones from the nest, putting the young in danger. Getting a good night’s sleep can be deadly for the young, but it’s hard to stay watchful for 24 hours a day. Faced with these challenges, Chinstrap penguins have found an unusual way to solve the problem. When Lee first noticed chinstrap penguins kept blinking (眨) their eyes, he and his team wondered if more was happening than just blinking. So they tested the brain activity of the penguins and recorded the birds on video. The study showed that the tired parents were actually sleeping—very often and for very short time periods! Each sleep lasts only about four seconds. By taking over 10,000 microsleeps a day, the penguins get a total of about 11 hours of sleep a day. How amazing! Still, it’s not clear if other kinds of penguins have similar sleeping habits. Further research is needed to learn more about these birds. 21. What does the study show about chinstrap penguins? A. Their hunting habits. B. Their sleeping patterns. C. Their living environment. D. Their favorite kinds of food. 22. Why do chinstrap penguins need to stay watchful? A. To find more stones to build nests. B. To catch more fish for their family. C. To protect their nests and the young. D. To launch attacks against brown skuas. 23. How did the scientists do the study? A. By drawing the tired parents’ notice. B. By showing dangers to the penguins. C. By recording sleeping habits of all kinds of penguins. D. By testing penguins’ brain activity and recording videos. 24. How long do chinstrap penguins sleep in a day using microsleeps? A. Up to 24 hours. B. For 4 seconds. C. Around 11 hours. D. Over 10,000 minutes. 25. What does the writer think of microsleeps? A. It’s usual. B. It’s surprising. C. It’s terrible. D. It’s unimportant. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲的是帽带企鹅的短睡眠习惯及其原因。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“That’s exactly how chinstrap penguin (帽带企鹅) parents sleep, according to a study by Won Young Lee from the Korea Polar Research Institute and his team.”可知，研究了他们的睡眠模式。故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“For one thing, brown skuas (贼鸥) like to attack the eggs and young penguins of careless parents. Besides, other penguins in nearby areas may take stones from the nest, putting the young in danger.”可知，为了保护它们的巢和幼仔。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“So they tested the brain activity of the penguins and recorded the birds on video.”可知，科学家们是通过测试企鹅的大脑活动和录制视频来做这项研究的。故选D。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据“By taking over 10,000 microsleeps a day, the penguins get a total of about 11 hours of sleep a day.”可知，帽带企鹅一天大概睡11个小时。故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据“How amazing!”可知，作者觉得很惊讶。故选B。 请阅读下面的短文，并从下列六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 It may be challenging to look and feel relaxed at parties, interviews, and other social situations, but it’s possible! ____26____ Smile often. A warm, inviting smile can make you look like you’re having a great time. ____27____ Studies have shown that smiling helps reduce stress and makes you feel relaxed in social situations, too. ____28____ When you are uncomfortable, you are likely to distance yourselves from those around you. Therefore, it is important to be mindful of your posture. Remember to stand straight and turn your feet and your body to face the speaker to show you are interested. Don’t cross your arms because it stands for “I’m too busy” or “Leave me alone.” Make eye contact. In social situations, people would usually look around and begin a conversation with someone if they make eye contact. Don’t look at the floor or your feet for a long time. ____29____ Keep calm. Though it’s natural to feel nervous or bored, remember not to express it directly. ____30____ Be aware of these habits and take a few deep breaths when you feel like doing them. A. Have an open posture (姿势). B. Look for someone you are interested in and start a conversation. C. Body language is one of the many ways to appear more confident. D. Instead, look up and keep an eye on your environment to draw other’s attention. E. People will notice your smile and think you are pleasant to having a conversation. F. Biting your nails and playing with your hair are signs of boredom or nervousness. 【答案】26. C 27. E 28. A 29. D 30. F 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何用肢体语言让自己在聚会、面试和其他社交场合看起来更放松。 【26题详解】 根据“It may be challenging to look and feel relaxed at parties, interviews, and other social situations, but it’s possible!”可知，此处是一个承上启下的句子，下文说的是一些肢体语言，C选项“肢体语言是让你显得更加自信的众多方式之一。”符合语境。故选C。 【27题详解】 根据“Smile often.”可知，此处描述的是与微笑相关的话题，E选项“人们会注意到你的微笑，认为你乐于交谈。”符合语境。故选E。 【28题详解】 根据“Therefore, it is important to be mindful of your posture.”可知，本段描述的是关于姿势的话题，A选项“保持开放的姿势。”符合语境。故选A。 【29题详解】 根据“Make eye contact.”以及“Don’t look at the floor or your feet for a long time.”可知，此处描述的是眼睛交流的相关话题，并且告诉我们应该如何做眼神交流，D选项“取而代之的是，抬起头，关注你周围的环境，以吸引他人的注意力。”符合语境。故选D。 【30题详解】 根据“Keep calm.”以及“Though it’s natural to feel nervous or bored, remember not to express it directly.”可知，此处描述的是紧张的表现，F选项“咬指甲和玩头发是无聊或紧张的表现。”符合语境。故选F。 第三节 信息匹配 下面的材料A~F是六个卡通动漫的介绍。请根据Steven，Thomas，Mia，Luke，Emily五位同学的需求，为他们推荐合适的动漫片。 ____31____ Steve is looking for cartoons with animals as the main characters. ____32____ Thomas wants to better understand Chinese kung fu in a fun way. ____33____ Mia is very interested in Tang poetry and life. She wants to learn more. ____34____ Luke dreams of becoming a gamer, and he wants to know how to achieve it. ____35____ Emily’s homework is to share a cartoon film about heroes with her classmates. A. Spirit Cage This is a science fiction cartoon with an exciting story. It is perfect for students who enjoy science fiction and adventure themes. B. The King’s Avatar Based on a novel with the same name, it tells the story of a group of video game players working hard. It’s great for students who like games. C. Ne Zha In the film, Ne Zha is a hero who bravely fights against other people’s prejudice. It is now one of the most popular cartoon films in Chinese history. D. The Longest Day in Chang’an It tells the story of a Tang Dynasty person realizing his dream through a long journey. It includes works by Tang poets like Li Bai, adding cultural value. E. The Legend of Qin This cartoon is based on history and kung fu. It has an exciting storyline. Students can learn about ancient Chinese history and culture from it. F. The Legend of Hei It is about the adventure story of a little black cat. The cartoon has a cute and fresh art style, so it can teach students many valuable life lessons in a relaxing way. 【答案】31. F 32. E 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了六个卡通动漫以及五位同学的需求。 【31题详解】 根据“Steve is looking for cartoons with animals as the main characters.”可知，史蒂夫正在寻找以动物为主要人物的动画片。选项F“《罗小黑战记》 这是关于一只小黑猫的冒险故事。漫画有一个可爱和新鲜的艺术风格，所以它可以使用一种轻松的方式教学生许多宝贵的人生经验。”与之匹配，故选F。 【32题详解】 根据“Thomas wants to better understand Chinese kung fu in a fun way.”可知，托马斯想以一种有趣的方式更好地了解中国功夫。选项E“《秦时明月》 这部动画片是根据历史和功夫改编的。它有一个激动人心的故事情节。学生可以从中了解中国古代的历史和文化。”与之匹配，故选E。 【33题详解】 根据“Mia is very interested in Tang poetry and life. She wants to learn more.”可知，米娅对唐诗和生活很感兴趣。她想了解更多。选项D“《长安三万里》 它讲述了一个唐朝人通过长途跋涉实现梦想的故事。它包括李白等唐代诗人的作品，增加了文化价值。”与之匹配，故选D。 【34题详解】 根据“Luke dreams of becoming a gamer, and he wants to know how to achieve it.”可知，卢克梦想成为一名游戏玩家，他想知道如何实现这一目标。选项B“《全职高手》 它根据同名小说改编，讲述了一群电子游戏玩家努力工作的故事。这对喜欢游戏的学生来说是很棒的。”与之匹配，故选B。 【35题详解】 根据“Emily’s homework is to share a cartoon film about heroes with her classmates.”可知，艾米丽的家庭作业是和同学们分享一部关于英雄的卡通电影。选项C“《哪吒》在电影中，奈扎是一个勇敢地与他人的偏见作斗争的英雄。它现在是中国历史上最受欢迎的卡通电影之一。”与之匹配，故选C。 第二部分 非选择题（25分） Ⅲ．语法填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 What makes a great science fiction (or “sci-fi”)? The post-1980s sci-fi writer Bao Shu gave his answer. His ____36____ (impress) work Our Martians won a Science Fiction Planet Award recently. Knowledge plus imagination Since many different subjects such as social problems, technology and philosophy (哲学) _____37_____ (include) in a science fiction, sci-fi writers need to know a lot of things. While knowledge forms the “backbone” of ____38____ sci-fi story, imagination is the “lifeblood” that makes science fiction work. Bao Shu said that not everyone is born good at imagining, but you can train yourself to be good at it. He ____39____ (give) an example. “If you are simply given the topic: ‘Imagine you become a billionaire (亿万富翁) in 20 years, what would ____40____ (you) life look like?’ You might just think about what you could buy. But if you imagine a billionaire lost ____41____ a desert, it can make you think differently and ____42____ (deep) about the idea,” he said. Inspiration from daily life Bao Shu’s works cover different ____43____ (topic) such as AI, time loops and space exploration. It sounds quite far from daily life. ____44____, most of his ideas come from everyday life. His short story Tasting the Future Delicacy Three Times is about how people use technology ____45____ (feel) what others feel when they eat. He got the idea from seeing how people are always interested in the taste of food they have never tried. 【答案】36. impressive 37 are included 38. a 39. gave 40. your 41. in 42. deeply 43. topics 44. However 45. to feel 【解析】 【分析】本文主要讲述了科幻小说作家鲍树是如何创作科幻小说的，他认为创作科幻小说需要非常宽广的知识范围。 【36题详解】 句意：他的令人赞叹的作品《我们的火星人》最近获得了科幻星球奖。根据“work”，名词，“作品”可知，要用形容词修饰，impress动词，意为“给……留下深刻印象”，impressive形容词，意为“令人赞叹的”。故填impressive。 【37题详解】 句意：由于许多不同的主题例如社会问题、技术和哲学被包含在一个科幻小说中，科幻作家需要知道很多事情。根据“in a science fiction”可知，空前所提到的“social problems,technology and philosophy”是被包含在科幻小说里的，所以用被动语态，结构是be done的形式。又因为主语是复数，时态是一般现在时，所以用are included。 【38题详解】 句意：尽管知识构成了科幻故事的“支柱”，但想象力是科幻作品的“命脉”。根据“While knowledge forms the “backbone” of...sci-fi story,”可知，句子缺少冠词，用不定冠词a来修饰sci-fi story。故填a。 【39题详解】 句意：他举了一个例子。根据空前面的一句话可知，时态是一般过去时，所以用动词give的过去式gave。故填gave。 【40题详解】 句意：想象你在20年后成为亿万富翁，你的生活会是什么样子？根据空后面的“life”可知，空白处应该填you的形容词性物主代词your，意为“你的”。故填your。 【41题详解】 句意：但如果你想象一个亿万富翁迷失在沙漠中，它会使你关于这个想法考虑的不同和深刻。根据“a desert”可知，缺少介词in，in a desert“在沙漠中”。故填in。 【42题详解】 句意：但如果你想象一个亿万富翁迷失在沙漠中，它会使你关于这个想法考虑的不同和深刻。根据空前的“differently and”可知，空白处要填一个副词来保持一致。deep的副词形式是deeply“深刻地”，修饰前面的动词think。故填deeply。 【43题详解】 句意：鲍树的作品涵盖了不同的主题，例如人工智能、时间循环和太空探索。根据空前“different”不同的，可知，topic名词要用复数形式topics。故填topics。 【44题详解】 句意：然而，他的想法大多数来自日常生活。根据“It sounds quite far from daily life.”和“most of his ideas come from everyday life.”可知，前后两句出现了转折，用However“然而”。故填However。 【45题详解】 句意：他的短篇小说《品尝未来的美味3次》讲述了人们如何使用科技来感受别人吃东西时的感受。根据前面的“use technology”可知，use sth. to do...意为“用某物做某事”。故填to feel。 Ⅳ．书面表达（15分） 46. 第20届深圳文博会向人们展示了各种中国传统民间艺术。假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter浏览到相关报道，他非常感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 介绍一项中国传统民间艺术； 2. 描述它的制作过程或表演过程以及文化意义； 3. 邀请Peter到中国体验。 注意：1．词数80左右 (开头已给出，不计入总词数)； 2．要点齐全，可适当发挥； 3．不得出现真实姓名和校名； 4．条理清楚，语句通顺，意义连贯，书写规范。 参考词汇：手工艺品handicraft；演出performance Dear Peter, Knowing that you are interested in traditional Chinese folk arts, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes Li Hua 【答案】例文： Dear Peter, Knowing that you are interested in traditional Chinese folk arts, I’d like to tell you something about Chinese paper cutting. Chinese paper cutting has a long history of over 1,500 years. Paper cuttings can be seen in different parts of China. Many people, no matter the young or the old, are fond of them. People in the northern part of China do well in paper cutting. They cut paper into different shapes, like animals, flowers and so on. They are put on doors and windows during the Spring Festival and when people celebrate something happily. They mean welcoming good fortune. Hope you’ll come here and enjoy our traditional beauty yourself one day. Best wishes, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一封电子邮件； ②时态：主要时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中每一项提示，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作目的是介绍一项中国传统民间艺术； 第二步，描述它的制作过程或表演过程以及文化意义； 第三步，邀请Peter到中国体验。 [亮点词汇] ①be fond of喜爱 ②put on张贴 ③do well in擅长 [高分句型] ① They are put on doors and windows during the Spring Festival and when people celebrate something happily. (when引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023—2024学年第二学期学业水平调研测试八年级英语 本试卷共8页，满分75分，考试时间70分钟。 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必用黑色字迹的签字笔在答题卡指定位置填写自己的学校、姓名、班级、准考证号，并将条形码正向粘贴在答题卡的贴条形码区，请保持条形码整洁、不污损。 2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上，如需改动请先用橡皮擦干净，再选涂其他答案标号。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。 4．请考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，不要折叠，不要弄破，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 选择题（50分） I．完形填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 Some time ago, a restaurant called Dans le Noir in London caught my attention. It offers seasonal dishes known for their ___1___. People are told they will have a “blind adventure (冒险)” as the eating takes place in ___2___. And they can only know what they’ve had when the meal is over. I visited the restaurant with a friend, and we were warmly greeted at the door. As we ___3___ the restaurant, we met our guide, Ghow. Ghow was born blind. He led us to our ___4___ with my hand on his shoulder. My friend followed by holding onto mine. It was hard not to feel ___5___ in the dark, but our waiter calmed us down and told us he would be near our table during the meal. For the menu, we were given the choice of “red”—meat, “blue”—fish or “green”—vegetarian (素食). After they took our order, we were left to ___6___ what exactly would be on our dishes. We discovered new ways to enjoy food by ___7___ touch, smell as well as taste. When we had our wine, my friend thought mine tasted better than hers, so we exchanged our glasses. ___8___, we found out that we were drinking the same thing. As they say, the grass is always greener on the other side; we often do not realize what we already have. The food was ___9___, but the experience was more than just a nice meal. It brought back memories of my childhood, got me excited about trying new things and taught me to ___10___ what I have—including my eyesight. 1. A. price B. taste C. history D. creativity 2. A. peace B. silence C. darkness D. freedom 3. A. sold B. closed C. cleaned D. entered 4. A. table B. house C. store D. restaurant 5. A. cheerful B. nervous C. proud D. welcome 6. A. make B. decide C. wonder D. complain 7. A. depending on B. responding to C. giving up D. slowing down 8. A. Luckily B. Terribly C. Certainly D. Surprisingly 9. A. cold B. healthy C. excellent D. expensive 10. A. share B. value C. accept D. challenge II．阅读理解（40分） 第一节 阅读下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。（共15小题，每小题1.5分） A From June 5 to 9, 14-year-old Layton Cawthorn from Retford, UK, will ride a bike from London to Amsterdam to raise money in memory of his best friend, Daisy. In 2021, Daisy got cancer (癌症) and received care at Sheffield Children’s Hospital. When Cawthorn heard the news, he began his fundraising (募捐) by running. He ran 2 kilometers every day for 109 days and raised over £7,400 for Daisy and Sheffield Children’s Hospital. Daisy loved ice cream, so Cawthorn wanted to use some of his fundraising to have enough ice cream for her and the other children in the hospital. Sadly, after getting better from cancer three times, Daisy passed away in December 2023. Before Daisy’s passing, Cawthorn had signed up for (报名参加) a bike ride, hoping to support her. After her death, he decided to proceed and complete the ride to remember her. The bike ride is organized by the children’s charities in the UK. This June, riders will cover about 539 kilometers through four countries. Together the supporters will be helping children with illnesses in the UK and other countries. Cawthorn has now begun training for the bike ride. “Daisy is always in my heart, and I would love to know that she is on this journey with me. I hope to have her flower on my bike to give me the courage to fight,” he told Charity Today News. 11. Where will Cawthorn go by bike? A. London B. Retford C. Amsterdam D. Daisy’s home 12. How did Cawthorn raise over £7,400? A. By caring for cancer patients. B. By running 2km for 109 days. C. By getting money from hospital. D. By selling ice cream to sick children. 13 What does the underlined phrase “proceed” probably mean? A. Return B. Refuse C. Celebrate D. Continue 14. Which of the following best describes Cawthorn? A. Serious and patient. B. Kind and thoughtful. C. Hard-working and shy. D. Warm-hearted and smart. 15. What is the main idea of this passage? A. A journey of fighting cancer. B. A program for bike riding training. C. A bike ride in memory of a late friend. D. A fundraising run for children in Europe. B On May 3, a Long March-5 rocket took off from Hainan. It was carrying the Chang’e-6 spacecraft (航天器). After about 37 minutes, the spacecraft separated from the rocket and began its 53-day journey. The Chang’e-6 spacecraft has a special job. It’s going to collect rocks and soil from the far side of the moon and bring them back to Earth. “No other country has done this before,” said Wu Weiren, chief designer of China’s moon exploration program. The moon rotates (旋转) at the same speed as it moves around Earth. As a result, we always see the “near side” of the moon from Earth. “We still know very little about the moon’s far side. If we make it, we’ll give scientists new, first-hand information about the moon.” The Chang’e-6 spacecraft has a robotic arm. After it lands on the moon, the arm will start working. It will collect rocks and soil from the moon’s surface (表面) and put them in a special box. The spacecraft will then bring them back to Earth. How much will Chang’e-6 be able to collect? Scientists don’t know for sure. Their goal is about two kilograms. The spacecraft will land in an impact crater (撞击坑) called the SPA Basin. It is 2,500 kilometers wide. That’s about the distance between Beijing and Hainan. The SPA Basin has a history of over four billion years. It is the oldest and largest impact crater on the moon. Scientists believe that studying it may give us some of the earliest information about the moon. 16. When will the Chang’e-6 spacecraft return? A. On May 3. B. On June 9. C. On March 5. D. On June 25. 17. What can we know from Wu Weiren’s words in Paragraph 2? A. The Cheng’e-6 is making history. B. No other country has been to the moon. C. The moon’s near side has never been seen. D. Human have known much about the moon’s far side. 18. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A. Why a robotic arm is used. B. How Chang’e-6 completes its job. C. What can be seen on the moon’s surface. D. How much soil and rocks will be collected. 19. Why is the SPA Basin chosen as the landing site? A. It is the smallest impact crater on the moon. B. It has been studied for over four billion years. C. It will give us earliest information about the Earth. D. It may provide understanding of the moon’s history. 20. In which part of a newspaper can you probably read the passage? A. Sports. B. Nature. C. Science. D. Education. C Can you imagine spending your nights sleeping thousands of times, each time for only four seconds? That’s exactly how chinstrap penguin (帽带企鹅) parents sleep, according to a study by Won Young Lee from the Korea Polar Research Institute and his team. Like other penguins, chinstrap penguins spend much of their time in the water, catching fish to eat. But when the time comes to raise their young, they return to land. The eggs are often laid in nests made of small rocks so that they won’t freeze. One parent’s job is to hunt for food, while the other keeps the nest safe. It is quite challenging. For one thing, brown skuas (贼鸥) like to attack the eggs and young penguins of careless parents. Besides, other penguins in nearby areas may take stones from the nest, putting the young in danger. Getting a good night’s sleep can be deadly for the young, but it’s hard to stay watchful for 24 hours a day. Faced with these challenges, Chinstrap penguins have found an unusual way to solve the problem. When Lee first noticed chinstrap penguins kept blinking (眨) their eyes, he and his team wondered if more was happening than just blinking. So they tested the brain activity of the penguins and recorded the birds on video. The study showed that the tired parents were actually sleeping—very often and for very short time periods! Each sleep lasts only about four seconds. By taking over 10,000 microsleeps a day, the penguins get a total of about 11 hours of sleep a day. How amazing! Still it’s not clear if other kinds of penguins have similar sleeping habits. Further research is needed to learn more about these birds. 21 What does the study show about chinstrap penguins? A. Their hunting habits. B. Their sleeping patterns. C. Their living environment. D. Their favorite kinds of food. 22. Why do chinstrap penguins need to stay watchful? A. To find more stones to build nests. B. To catch more fish for their family. C. To protect their nests and the young. D. To launch attacks against brown skuas. 23. How did the scientists do the study? A. By drawing the tired parents’ notice. B. By showing dangers to the penguins. C. By recording sleeping habits of all kinds of penguins. D. By testing penguins’ brain activity and recording videos. 24. How long do chinstrap penguins sleep in a day using microsleeps? A. Up to 24 hours. B. For 4 seconds. C. Around 11 hours. D. Over 10,000 minutes. 25. What does the writer think of microsleeps? A. It’s usual. B. It’s surprising. C. It’s terrible. D. It’s unimportant. 请阅读下面的短文，并从下列六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 It may be challenging to look and feel relaxed at parties, interviews, and other social situations, but it’s possible! ____26____ Smile often. A warm, inviting smile can make you look like you’re having a great time. ____27____ Studies have shown that smiling helps reduce stress and makes you feel relaxed in social situations, too. ____28____ When you are uncomfortable, you are likely to distance yourselves from those around you. Therefore, it is important to be mindful of your posture. Remember to stand straight and turn your feet and your body to face the speaker to show you are interested. Don’t cross your arms because it stands for “I’m too busy” or “Leave me alone.” Make eye contact. In social situations, people would usually look around and begin a conversation with someone if they make eye contact. Don’t look at the floor or your feet for a long time. ____29____ Keep calm. Though it’s natural to feel nervous or bored, remember not to express it directly. ____30____ Be aware of these habits and take a few deep breaths when you feel like doing them. A. Have an open posture (姿势). B. Look for someone you are interested in and start a conversation. C. Body language is one of the many ways to appear more confident. D. Instead, look up and keep an eye on your environment to draw other’s attention. E. People will notice your smile and think you are pleasant to having a conversation. F. Biting your nails and playing with your hair are signs of boredom or nervousness. 第三节 信息匹配 下面的材料A~F是六个卡通动漫的介绍。请根据Steven，Thomas，Mia，Luke，Emily五位同学的需求，为他们推荐合适的动漫片。 ____31____ Steve is looking for cartoons with animals as the main characters. ____32____ Thomas wants to better understand Chinese kung fu in a fun way. ____33____ Mia is very interested in Tang poetry and life. She wants to learn more. ____34____ Luke dreams of becoming a gamer, and he wants to know how to achieve it. ____35____ Emily’s homework is to share a cartoon film about heroes with her classmates. A. Spirit Cage This is a science fiction cartoon with an exciting story. It is perfect for students who enjoy science fiction and adventure themes. B. The King’s Avatar Based on a novel with the same name, it tells the story of a group of video game players working hard. It’s great for students who like games. C. Ne Zha In the film, Ne Zha is a hero who bravely fights against other people’s prejudice. It is now one of the most popular cartoon films in Chinese history. D. The Longest Day in Chang’an It tells the story of a Tang Dynasty person realizing his dream through a long journey. It includes works by Tang poets like Li Bai, adding cultural value. E The Legend of Qin This cartoon is based on history and kung fu. It has an exciting storyline. Students can learn about ancient Chinese history and culture from it. F. The Legend of Hei It is about the adventure story of a little black cat. The cartoon has a cute and fresh art style, so it can teach students many valuable life lessons in a relaxing way. 第二部分 非选择题（25分） Ⅲ．语法填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 What makes a great science fiction (or “sci-fi”)? The post-1980s sci-fi writer Bao Shu gave his answer. His ____36____ (impress) work Our Martians won a Science Fiction Planet Award recently. Knowledge plus imagination Since many different subjects such as social problems, technology and philosophy (哲学) _____37_____ (include) in a science fiction, sci-fi writers need to know a lot of things. While knowledge forms the “backbone” of ____38____ sci-fi story, imagination is the “lifeblood” that makes science fiction work. Bao Shu said that not everyone is born good at imagining, but you can train yourself to be good at it. He ____39____ (give) an example. “If you are simply given the topic: ‘Imagine you become a billionaire (亿万富翁) in 20 years, what would ____40____ (you) life look like?’ You might just think about what you could buy. But if you imagine a billionaire lost ____41____ a desert, it can make you think differently and ____42____ (deep) about the idea,” he said. Inspiration from daily life Bao Shu’s works cover different ____43____ (topic) such as AI, time loops and space exploration. It sounds quite far from daily life. ____44____, most of his ideas come from everyday life. His short story Tasting the Future Delicacy Three Times is about how people use technology ____45____ (feel) what others feel when they eat. He got the idea from seeing how people are always interested in the taste of food they have never tried. Ⅳ．书面表达（15分） 46. 第20届深圳文博会向人们展示了各种中国传统民间艺术。假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter浏览到相关报道，他非常感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 介绍一项中国传统民间艺术； 2. 描述它的制作过程或表演过程以及文化意义； 3. 邀请Peter到中国体验。 注意：1．词数80左右 (开头已给出，不计入总词数)； 2．要点齐全，可适当发挥； 3．不得出现真实姓名和校名； 4．条理清楚，语句通顺，意义连贯，书写规范。 参考词汇：手工艺品handicraft；演出performance Dear Peter, Knowing that you are interested in traditional Chinese folk arts ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$