2024届广东省高考英语听说模仿朗读——语调 课件

语调 (Intonation) 一、英语的语调的三种作用: A. 句法作用:句法上不同类型的句子 (如陈述句和一般疑问句)各有不同的 语调。 B.表意作用:同一个句子可以通过不 同的语调手段来表示不同的强调或突 出部分,如:They are our teachers. He couldn’t find his bag. C.表示感情态度的作用:有时语调也 表示说话人的感情态度, 如: Mary was always late. 二、 英语的语调的四种主要调型 英语的语调的四种主要调型:升调、降调、降升调、升降调, 其中最主要的是降调和升调。 (一) falling intonation What is falling intonation? A pattern which your voice falls to a low pitch by the end of a thought group or statement. What does it communicate? Certainty: tell a fact ,or believe you are right Completion: you are done speaking ,your listener now can respond. Which word in a thought group get falling? The final content word of a sense group. (most of the time) Example: Eric builds flutes, he began building flutes after college, he has one flute of his very own. 最后一个重音音节开始降,就意味前面的音节不能用降调 1 发音 I did the last third of the instrument. This is my flute ( “ third” and “ my”here receive the primary stress, the speaker wants to emphasize the information, while instrument and flute are not newly mentioned information, both the listener and the speaker know they are talking about the flute (instrument) ) (二)rising intonation What is rising intonation? A pattern in which your voice rises to a high pitch by the end of a thought or statement. What does it communicate? Uncertainty: you are not sure of the truth or you are asking the listener to answer yes or not to a question Lack o finality: you may not be done the speaking, you may be thinking of sth else to add. Example: Eric plays flute, clarinet, and saxophone. ∥ isn’t that great ? ∥ Step down/up: two or more syllables (there is one more syllable after the stressed one.) For the rising tone , the stressed syllable starts with the lowest voice, and then goes up. Glide up / down: one syllable How to read the rising and falling tone? Can you play the flute? Do you play any other instrument? This is clarinet ,it’s made out of wood. (Lack of finality) (Lack of finality) I started on saxophone , when I was a little boy….. (三)falling-rising intonation 1) and You can’t be sure I think he will. 1)-Is John in ? -No, John’s not in. 2)-Is John in ? -No, John’s not in…. Please. We’ll wait . (三)falling-rising intonation 2) (四) rising-falling intonation I’m certain she’s not coming. How’s everything going? 三、语调与重音 英语语调与重音有极密切的关系, 音高的变化(由高到低,由低到高) 主要表现在重读音节上。不同类型的 语调(升调或降调), 它们的显著区别 在于句子的最后一个重读音节。语调和 重音不能弄错,如果弄错了,即使音很 准确,也是错误的, 有时会因重音读错而产生误解, 如:把 toy-shop 读成 - 是“当做玩具的店”(玩具), 而如果读成 . 则指的是“卖玩具的店”(商店)。 又如:Good morning. 如果读成 . . 意为“早上好!”(见面时说), 而如果读成 - _ . 则是“再会!”(上午分别时说)。 四、语调运用 一般来说,陈述句、特殊疑问句、祈 使句、感叹句读降调;一般疑问句读 升调;反意疑问句往往读降升调, 如: You are a student, aren’t you? 根据不同语气也可读降降调。选择疑问 句常读升降调,如: Do you study English or French? 并列句常读升降调,如: These are mine, and those are yours. 复合句也常读升降调, 仅以含状语从句 的复合句为例:当状语从句在主句之前时, 通常读升降调, 如: When he was 18, he joined the army. 而当状语从句在主句之后时, 则通常读降 降调,如: I’ll go with you, if I have time. 意群和停顿 意群 (Sense-group) 和停顿 (Pause): 一个句子可以是一个语调组,但语调 组并不等于一个句子。小于句子的语 音单位是意群。意群是句子内部有相 对完整意义的一组词。既然有一定的 意义,就必然有表征一定意义的某种 语调类型。 Thank You $$