代词（讲义）-2023-2024学年教科版（广州）英语四年级下册

教科版四升五暑假代词 代词是代替名词或名词短语的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中，可分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词等。 【知识点1】人称代词 人称代词是表示“我”“你”“他”“她”“它”“我们”“你们”“他们”的词，是为了避免重复，用来代替前面提到的人或物的词。 1. 人称代词分为主格和宾格，并有单复数之分 人称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he him they them she her it it 2. 人称代词的用法 1） 在句中作 主语 语，用 主 格。 如： I am a teacher． Are you OK？ 2） 在 动 词和 介 词后作 宾 语，用 宾 格。 如： Please give me a pen． 3）多个人称代词同时出现的顺序是： 单数是（2 3 1）：you, he and I 复数是（1 2 3）：we, you and they 4） it用作人称代词，指动物或其他事物，有时也指人 如： I have a ball–pen． It is very nice． Who is it ？ It is me． it用作指示代词，表示“这”或“那”。 如 ：How far is it from here ？ It’s about 1km away． 人称代词 (回顾) 一.人称代词填表 人称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 二． 填空 1. Let ( I ) help ( you ). 2.Let ( we ) go. 3.( I ) are students. 4. I can't find ( they ). 5.Give ( he ) the book. 6.She is ( I ) classmate. 2. I need a new schoolbag, so mother buys one for . ( I ) 【知识点2】物主代词 表示所有关系的代词叫作物主代词。 1. 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种 类型 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他/她/它们的 形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our your their 名词性 物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 2. 物主代词的用法：口诀 有“名”则"形“，无“名”则“名”。 1） 形容词性物主代词用在 名 词前，不能单独使用。 如：This is my bag． 2） “名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词+名词”，相当于名词，可以作主语、表语或宾语。后面不可再加名词。。 如：Is this your book?    No,，it isn’t， it’s hers (her book) Li Hua’s bike is red, and yours is green. （yours = your bike） 3）名词性物主代词相当名词的所有格。如：Jim’s ， Tom’s， Maria’s 物主代词填表 数 人称 类别 单数 复数 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词[来源:#X#K] 练习 （一）单项选择. （ ）1.This is a girl ._________name is Lily. A.His B.She C.Her D.Its （ ）2．This is Wang Fang.________is twelve. A.His B.She C.Her D.Its （ ）3.I______a girl. _______name is Wang Hong. A.am;My B.is Her C.am Your D.is;He （ ）4.Li Lei________a boy. ________is in class A.am;He B.is She C.are;His D.is;He （ ）5.Is the cat_____friend’s? Yes，________. A.your; it isn’t B.he it is C.your;it is D.her;it isn’t （二）用适当的代词填空 1.These  are  (他们的) books.  2.Those books are   （他们的）. 3.Is  this     （你的）photo？ 4.Is this photo  （你的）？ 5.Is this      她的）bag？ （三）用所给词的正确形式填空 1. -- Are these (you)pencils? -- Yes, they are ________ (our). 2. -- Whose is this pencil? -- It’s ________ (I). 3. This is not my dictionary. This is (she). 4. Your school is newer (更新) than (比) (she). 5. I have a lovely (可爱的) cat, (it) name is Carl. 6. -- Is this red bag yours? --No, is yellow (I). 【知识点3】指示代词 表示这个、那个、这些、那些等意思的词叫作指示代词。常见的指示代词有this, that, these, those。 1. this和these表示在时间上和空间上较近的人或物 This is a duck. 这是一只鸭。 These are her flowers on this desk. 这些在桌子上的是她的花。 2. that和those表示在时间上和空间上较远的人或物 That is a chicken. 那是一只鸡。 Those are your books on that desk. 那些是树。 指示代词在使用时注意单数和复数。 指示代词 单数 复数 this这个 these这些 that那个 those那些 在用法上要注意，复数时谓语动词也要变成复数形式，我们来对比一下： This is a ball. 这是一个球。 These are balls. 这些是球。 That bird is green. 那只鸟事绿色的。 Those birds are green. 那些鸟事绿色的。 3. 指示代词的用法 （1） 用于介绍别人或指代提及之事 Hello, everyone. This is Lisa. She is my friend. （介绍别人） Please remember（记住）this：practice makes perfect. 请记住：熟能生巧。 （2） 用于电话术语 （this指自己，that指对方） -- Hello! This is Lisa speaking. Who is that? 你好，我是丽萨，你是谁？ - Tom speaking. 我是汤姆。 ❊ 注意：问句中有指示代词this或that时，回答时要用人称代词it代替； 用they代替these和those; -- What’s this on the desk? -- This is a cap. (×) -- It is a cap. (√) 课堂练习 一、单项选择。 ( )1.--Whose pen is it?--It's . A.my B.mine C.me ( )2.Lucy's cat is fatter than . A.my B.me C.his ( )3.Tell about your school. A.we B.us C.they ( )4.--Is this hat?--Yes,the black one is , too. A.you;my B.yours;mine C.your;mine ( )5.This is grandma's umbrella.That one is . A.you;my B.yours;mine C.your;mine ( )96Mike: Mum,my dog is so cute. Mum: My dear,it's not only dog. It's also . A.your;mine B.yours;my C.yours;mine ( )7.This pen is .Yours is over there. A.mine B.I C.my D.me ( )8. ball is light. A.These B.This C.Those ( )9.We couldn't eat . A.they B.them C.they're ( )10.That is cap. A.my B.mine C.I ( )11.Could you give the book, please? A.him B.he C.she ( )12.--Whose apple is it?-It's . A.mine B.its C.they ( )13. mother is planting a tree in the garden. A.His B.He's C.Him ( )14.--Hey,Sam.Is that your storybook on the sofa? --No,it's Linda's. is in the schoolbag. A.Mine B.Yours C.Hers ( )15.Is this book ？ A.you B.your C.I D.yours ( )16. keys are mine. Those are yours. A.This B.Those C.That D.These ( )17.Please give your pen. pen isn't here. A.I;My B.mine;I C.me;Mine D.me;My ( )l8.Mrs.Green is my English teacher. is from England. A.He B.She C.Her ( )19.Mum, is my friend,Li Lei. Li Lei, is my mother. A.he;she B.she;he C.this;this ( )20. are shoes. A.This;John's B.These;John C.These;John's 二、用括号里所给单词的正确形式填空。 1.This is (I) sister. 2.My uncle is a worker. (him) works near here. 3.Please help (they) do some homework. 4.-- (who) pen is this?--It's (she), I think. 5.Ping-pong is (I) favourite sport. 6.Can you help (he)with (he) Maths? 7.--Whose books are these?--They're (my). 8. (I)is blue, and this one is gray. 9. (they)teach me Chinese, and I teach (they)English. 10.Danny and I like green. (we)favourite colour is green. 疑问代词 what 问什么 —What’s your name? —My name is Tom. What colour 问颜色 —What colour is your coat? —It’s red. what day 问星期 —What day is it today? —It’s Monday. what date 问日期 —What date is it today? —It’s the first of June. what shape 问形状 —What shape is the moon? —It’s round. what…job 问工作 —What’s your father’s job? —He’s a bus driver. what time 问时间 —What time is it? —It’s ten o’clock. when 问时候 —When is your birthday? —It’s on the first of May. which 问哪个 —Which is your watch, this one or that one? —That one. where 问地点 —Where is my pen? —It’s on the floor. who 问谁 —Who is the boy with big eyes? —He’s Liu Tao. whose 问谁的 —Whose bag is this? —It’s Helen’s. why 问原因 —Why are you absent today? —I’m ill. how 问方式 —How do you go to school? —By bus. how many 问数量 —How many books are there? —There are five. how much 问价钱 —How much is it? —Twenty yuan. how old 问年龄 —How old are you? —I’m twelve. how far 问距离 —How far is it from here? —It’s about one kilometer. how about 问情况 —I’m thirsty. How about you? —Me, too. 选择(who, where, when) 的正确单词填空。 1.________ is that pretty girl? She is my sister. 2.________ are Jack and Tom? They are behind you. 3.________ do you go to school? I go to school from Monday to Friday. 4.________ has a beautiful flower? John has a beautiful flower. 5.________ are they? They are my parents. 6.________ is my mother? She is in the living room. 7.________ are you going? We are going to the bakery(面包坊). 4. 连线 1. What’s on the chair? There is a book in the bag. 2. How is your father? These are apples. 3. What are these? I go to school by bus. 4. What is in the bag? The radio is on the chair. 5. How do you go to school?  My father is fine. 6. How much is it? I wash my face in the morning. 7. What time is it?  I have two hands. 8. When do you wash your face? It is four o’clock. 9. How many hands do you have?  It is 5 RMB(人民币). 10.When do you have lunch? I have lunch at noon. 课后练习 一.词形填空。 1.I(宾格)_______________ 2.he(宾格)____________3.she(宾格)________________ 4.we(宾格)_______________5.they(宾格)________________6.you(宾格)______________ 7.it(宾格)___________ 二.用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. _________ like English. (I) 2.Who’s that？-It’s _________. (I ) 3. Let _________ clean the desk. (we) 4. Do you like the story-books?-Yes, I do. I like _________. (they) 5. Do you know _________? (she) 6.Please give _________ (he) a book. 7. This is ________ book.(I) 8 ____________ English teacher is Miss White.(he) 9.   What’s _________ name？_________ name is Amy.(she) 10.Is this ________ math book? (you) 11.________ school is beautiful.(we) 12. I have a pet cat.________ name is Nick.(it) 13. _________ Chinese teacher is Miss Wang.(they) 1. 填入适当的疑问词。 1. are you? I’m fine. 2. do you feel? We are happy. 3. does he goto school? He goes to school by bus. 4. new books have you got? Five. 5. is his name? He is Martin. 6. are the ducks? They are on the river. 7. are the ducks? 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