作业(六) UNIT1 SCIENCEFICTION-2024年高二英语暑假作业（人教版）

[每日格首】过去一切时代的精华尽在书中。 高二英语（配RJ版） 选择性必修第四册 今 月 日 星期 作业（六） UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 天气 1 积累运用 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右： 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 I.标记熟悉单词，回查陌生单词 Contributions Wanted ☐fiction ☐bonus ☐ridiculous ☐integrity ☐dignity □salary ☐absurd ☐appointment ☐saleswoman ☐guilty ☐suspend ☐ladder ☐dismiss ☐declare The Student Union ☐whereas ☐rumour [佳作品读] ☐presume ☐fare Contributions Wanted ☐weekly ☐calculate Hello,everyone!I am Li Hua,president of ☐chairwoman ☐lour the Student Union of our school(同位语).Our □venue ☐salesman school is collecting some short videos on the theme ☐alien ☐blurred of“The Spirit of Chinese Scientists”(s动名词作表 ☐superior ☐inaction )Here is some useful information about this ☐labour ☐leather activity. ☐panel ☐inch The purpose of this activity is to spread the ☐backwards ☐grip spirit of perseverance to people(不定式作表语). ☐hazy ☐niece In addition,the most important thing is that the ☐fetch ☐handkerchief submitted work should include a scientist(表语从 ☐lamp ☐pace )Finally,if you want to submit an essay, ☐division ☐urge please send it to our school website,and note ☐random ☐maximum that the deadline is October 1st. ☐explode ▣flip I hope you can actively participate in our ☐stun ☐mud school activities. ☐overstatement The Student Union Ⅱ.典题展示 (2024·南京外国语学校上学期检测)假定你 2能力提升 是李华，某国际学校学生会主席。你校学生会正 【,单句语法填空 在向全体学生征集以“中国科学家精神”(The 1.(2023·浙江1月卷)I also gained a greater Spirit of Chinese Scientists)为主题的短视频。请 (appreciate)for the role that plants 你用英文拟一则征稿启事。内容包括： play in maintaining the balance of our 1.活动目的： ecosystem. 2.作品要求： 2.I feel guilty for teasing the innocent child who 3.投稿方式及截止时间。 fell over on the (mud)track. 21 署假作业成功不是将来才有的，而是从决定去做的那一刻起，持续累积而成。 [每日格言] 3.(2023·浙江1月卷) (compare)to Ⅲ.根据汉语提示完成下面短文 other alternatives, it's comfortable and Though it is difficult to predict what future relaxing. household robots might be like,1. 4.Because of all this extra time,there was no (我想描述一下 sense of (urge)to do my school 他们是多么令人惊异) work immediately. You will be alarmed to find that 2. 5.(2022·新高考I卷)Everyone can play a part (他们更像人而不是 in reducing waste,whether by not purchasing : 机器).With their help,you will be free of all more food than necessary in your household chores,such as cooking,washing,and (week)shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat. cleaning.More importantly,equipped with an 6.(2023·北京卷)I turned up at the intelligent computer brain,3. (它们能帮你留出时 (appoint)hour for a dinner,only to find that no other guest had arrived and my hostess was 间进行户外锻炼).When accompanied by such still in her sleeping suit. household robots at home,the elderly may not 7.(2023·新课标I卷)To eat one,you have to feel lonely. decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, Believe it or not,4. releasing the steam and risking a spill(溢出)， (你一定会渴望 to put the whole dumpling in your 得到一台这样神奇的家用机器人. mouth,letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 3知能演练 8.Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me [.阅读理解 the popular Beatles'song "The Long and (2024·广东联考)Electric vehicles(EVs) Winding Road” are widely considered a strong weapon in efforts 9.(2022·北京卷)I wanted to come up against global warming.But are they like what a healthy,natural way for people to people believe?The Radiant Energy Group drink when on the go. (REG)stated effects of EVs vary with 10.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Kids can test their skills countries.In some nations,EVs lead to the and compare their abilities the animals of Yellowstone. release of more carbon gases than gasoline cars. Ⅱ.短语填空 The group reckoned gas emissions caused by a gasoline vehicle and from charging an EV. conflict with;have an urge to;test out;take Countries where charging an EV is cleaner than over:fall away driving a gasoline-powered car use a lot of 1.The view from the peak of the mountain was nuclear or solar power. wonderful and our tiredness Sales of electric cars are rising the fastest in 2.Maria has become my partner since I the business from my father. Europe.Data from REG suggests EVs in Poland 3.The students their ideas in several actually create more carbon emissions because companies and drew an interesting conclusion. their electrical systems depend so much on coal. 4.The results of the new research would seem to In other European countries,however,EVs existing theories. result in fewer emissions.The countries with the 5.She tell someone about biggest carbon gas reduction use much clean what had happened and she couldn't wait any power.The first was Switzerland at 100 percent longer. carbon reductions over gasoline vehicles. 22 [每日格首】有志者自有千计万计，无志者只感千难万难。 高二英语（配RJ版） Germany and Spain create lots of electricity C.How Do EVs Affect Carbon Emissions? from the sun and wind.But the sun and wind D.Do Electric Cars Really Help the don't add to a country's electrical system equally Environment? throughout the day.For this reason,carbon Ⅱ.七选五 emissions saved by driving an EV aren't fixed. (2024·贵阳适应性联考) Charging in the afternoon,when there's more How to Feel More Attractive sun and wind,saves 16 to 18 percent more Everyone wants to feel more attractive.You carbon than at night when electrical systems are can start feeling more attractive by working on more likely to be using gas or coal. your thoughts or changing up your looks.1 The gap in emissions between electric and Spending time on your hair or dressing you up gasoline-powered vehicles has narrowed in recent will all make you feel like your best,most years.In Europe,carmakers have been required attractive self. to meet EU CO2 emissions of performance standards.They've made their gasoline engines Avoid comparing yourself to others. more fuel-efficient.As a result,carbon emissions Comparisons always leave you feeling down of new gasoline-powered cars in Europe have because you focus on the best things about fallen an average of 25 percent in the past years. someone else and the worst things about But EV sales in Europe are backed by yourself,making you come out at the bottom government spending and rules against new every time.You'll end up setting unrealistic gasoline engine cars after 2035. Major standards for yourself.However,these automakers have set targets to sell mainly EVs in comparisons are not reality,so don't let them Europe in the coming years. emerge into your mind.2. 1.What does the underlined word "reckoned" 3 If you want to feel more attractive, mean in paragraph 1? then you shouldn't spend too much time with A.Increased. B.Calculated. people who criticize others or themselves.For C.Banned. D.Prevented. example,if your work colleague is constantly 2.What affects carbon emissions of EVs putting herself down or criticizing your according to paragraph 3? appearance,try to find someone else to have A.The country where they're made. lunch with.Removing sources of negativity can B.Facilities producing clean power. help boost your self-respect. C.The time they are being charged. Wear clothes that make you feel attractive. D.Technology used by electrical systems. Stop worrying about what others think you 3.What causes sales of EVs to rise quickly in Europe? should be wearing.4.Try to strike a balance A.Support of official policies. between comfort and style.Go for clothes that B.Concern about global warming. make you think,“I look good in this！”Donate or C.Standards of gasoline car. sell clothing that doesn't make you feel D.Advertisements from carmakers. attractive. 4.Which can be the best title for the text? Work on your posture.Having good posture A.What Benefits Do EVs Bring? can help you feel more attractive and boost your B.Will EVs Replace Gasoline Cars in Europe? confidence levels.Be aware of your posture and 23 署假作业伟人之所以伟大，是因为他与别人共处逆境时，别人失去了信心，他却下决心实现自已的目标。[付日格片] correct it when necessary.For example,make 2.他读完书后，拾眼向窗外望去。 sure you stand up straight.5 When he finished the book, A.You should wear comfortable clothes B.Stay away from overly critical people 3.他高兴地唱着歌，用天真而又好奇的眼睛注视 C.Instead,focus on what makes you unique 着周围的一切。 and amazing Singing happily,he gazed at the surroundings D.Focus on outfits that make you feel good about yourself 4.约翰注意到有个男人靠近，他垂下双眸，结果 E.When you walk,keep your head up and your 却迎上了这个男人的目光。 shoulders back Noticing a man approaching,John first F.Changing the way you think about yourself can help you feel attractive and confident 5,当认出来人是谁时，约翰张大了嘴巴，眼里闪 G.When you find yourself in the middle of a 着兴奋的光芒。 negative thought,stop the thought in When he recognised who the visitor was,John its tracks opened his mouth wide, 4续写提能 .(独立主格) 第二步将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意 动作描写之“眼睛” 使用合适的衔接过渡词汇 ★素材积累 ①meet sb's eyes接触某人的目光 ②stare into one's eyes凝视某人的眼睛 ③fix/focus one's eyes on盯着看 固定 ④lower/drop one's eyes垂下眼睛 短语 ⑤raise./lift one's eyes抬起眼睛 Oone's eyes shine/sparkle glisten with excitement某人眼里闪着兴奋的光芒 ★语段写作 第一步完成句子 1.约翰坐在窗边，目光紧盯着一本书。 John sat beside the window, ,(with复合结构) R▣ 跟微信扫码 ◆错晒一键拍 ,基础大巩固 ◆知识抢先学 ▣ 24[每日格言】拥有梦想只是一种智力，实现梦想才是一种能力。 高二英语（配RJ版） 7.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Trolls are actors: [知能演练] who intentionally spread false and hurtful information I.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了电动汽 online to cause harm.It may be appealing to respond to 车被认为是对抗全球气候变暖的一个重要利器，但是科学 them to set the facts straight,but trolls just care about 研究发现电动汽车并非真正环保。 annoying others rather than facts.So.it's best not to 1.B词义猜测题。根据第二段“Data from REG suggests reward their bad behaviour with our attention.(喷子是 指故意在网上传播虚假和有窑信息以造成伤害的行为 EVs in Poland actually create more carbon emissions 者。回复他们澄清事实可能很有吸引力，但喷子只关心 (由REG得到的数据显示波兰的电动汽车实际上造成 惹恼别人，而不是事实。所以，最好不要用我们的关注 了更多的碳排放)”可推理出第一段画线单词的含义为 来奖励他们的坏行为。)”可知，对付网络喷子，我们最好 计算，故选B 对他们充耳不闻。故选B。 :2.C推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句话“Charging in 8.B主旨大意题。根据第一段“But in the digital age, the afternoon,when there's more sun and wind.saves according to Anastasia Kozyreva,a psychologist at the 16 to 18 percent more carbon than at night when Max Planck Institute of Human Development,and her electrical systems are more likely to be using gas or colleagues,an even more important skill is critical col.(下午的时候光能和风能更多，这个时候充电要比 ignoring.(但根据马克斯·普朗克人类发展研究所的心 晚上少16%至18%的碳排放，晚上的时候电力系统更 理学家阿纳斯塔西娅·科兹列娃和她的同事们的说法， 有可能使用气或者煤。)”可推知，充电的时间会影响碳 在数字时代，一项更重要的技能是批判性忽视。)”以及 排放，故选C。 第三段“According to Kozyreva,critical ignoring :3.A推理判断题。根据最后一段“EV sales in Europe comprises three strategies..(Kozyreva认为，批判性忽视 are backed by government spending(欧洲电动汽车的 包括三种策略。)”后文具体介绍这三种策略，所以本文 销售有政府的财力支持)”可推知，欧洲电动汽车销售快 主要讲述了在数字时代练习批判性忽视的技巧。故 选B。 速增长的主要原因是有政府的支持，故选A。 [续写提能] 4.D主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Electrie vehicles 语段写作 (EVs)are widely considered a strong weapon in efforts 第一步 against global warming.But are they like what people 1.his head down believe?(电动汽车被广泛地认为是一种对抗全琼变暖 2.nodded his head and smiled at him 的利器。但是他们真的像人们认为的那样吗？)”可知， 3.he dropped hung/lowered his head to hide it and 作者在第一段提出了这个话题，后续段落对这个话题进 managed a smile 行了分析、解释，由此可知，本文主要讲的是电动汽车并 4.he buried his head under the quilt 不一定对环境有益，故选D。 5.raising her head with surprise in her eyes Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如 6.rested his head on/against her shoulder,weeping : 何变得更有吸引力的方法。 第二步 1.F 由上文“You can start feeling more attractive by Steven walked slowly to the bus,his head down. working on your thoughts or changing up your looks. tears in his eyes.His friend,John,nodded his head and (你可以通过调整你的想法或改变你的外表来开始感觉 smiled at him.Though he was in a bad mood,he dropped 更有吸引力。)”和下文“Spending time on your hair or his head to hide it and managed a smile.When he got dressing you up will all make you feel like your best, home,he buried his head under the quilt,pretending to most attractive self..(花时间打理头发或打粉自己都会 be asleep.However,his mother stopped her housework, raising her head with surprise in her eyes.Then Steven 让你觉得自已是最好、最有魅力的自己。)”可知，上下文 rose,sat close to his mother and rested his head onf 在讲帮助人变得更有吸引力的两种方法，F选项“改变 against her shoulder,weeping. 你对自己的看法可以帮助你感到有吸引力和自信”切合 选择性必修第四册 语境，是另一种帮助人变得更有吸引力的方法。故 选F。 作业（六）UNTT1 SCIENCE FICTION 2.C由本段主旨句“Avoid comparing yourself to others.. [能力提升] (避免将自己与他人进行比较。)”可知，本段中心为不要 I.1.appreciation 2.muddy 3.Compared 4.urgency 跟别人比较，那就是要专注做自己，C选项“相反，要专 5.weekly 6.appointed 7.or 8.of 9.with 注于让你与众不同和令人惊叹的东西”切合语境。故 10.to/with 选C。 ll.1.fell away 2.took over 3.tested out 4.conflict with 5.had an urge to 3.B该空选择本段主旨句，由下文“If you want to feel lll.1.I'd like to deseribe how amazing they are more attractive,then you shouldn't spend too much 2.they will be more like humans than machines time with people who criticize others or themselves. 3.they will help you set aside some time for 果你想感觉更有吸引力，那么你就不应该花太多时间和 outdoor exercise 那些批评别人或自己的人在一起。)”可知，作者建议不 4.you are bound to have a desire for such a wonderful 要跟那些总是批判别人的人待在一起，B选项“远离过 household robot 于挑剔的人”切合语境。故选B。 53 署假作业没有人富有得可以不要别人的帮助，也没有人穷得不能在某方面给他人帮助。 [每日格言] 4.D由本段主旨句“Wear clothes that make you feel 雷斯海峡岛民保护的危险，这些岛民以前一直在照顾 attractive.(穿让你觉得有吸引力的衣服。)”和下文“Try Dugongs,持续地猎杀它们作为食物，并监控它们的数 to strike a balance between comfort and style.Go for 量。这些当地人保持着他们的生物多样性，对他们的环 clothes that make you think,‘I look good in this！'(试 境有深刻的了解.)”可知，当地人与Dugongs的关系是 着在舒适和时尚之间取得平衡。选择那些让你觉得‘我 当地人帮助保护Dugongs。故选A 穿这件衣服很好看！'的衣服。)”可知，作者建议穿自己 2.B推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“When a culture 觉得舒适的衣服，然后在舒造度和风格上面取得一个平 declines,the species that are important to that culture 衡，D选项“专注于让你自我感觉良好的服装”切合语 are also threatened.(当一种文化衰落时，对该文化重要 境。故选D。 的物种也受到成胁。)”可推知，Reyes-(Garcia可能会同 5.E由本段主旨句“Work on your posture.(调整你的姿： 意“文化与物种的生存息息相关。”故选B。 势，)"和上文“Be aware of your posture and correct it 3.C细节理解题。根据文章第五段的“In the study,the when necessary.For example,make sure you stand up team used a new way to determine a species'risk of straight,(注意你的姿势，必要时纠正。例如，一定要站 disappearing:the more a cultural group's language use 直。)”可知，作者建议要从身体姿态入手来变得更有吸 declines,the more that culture is threatened.The more 引力，E选项“走路时，拾头、双肩向后”切合语境。故 a culture is threatened.the more culturally vulnerable 选E。 its important species are.Researchers then combined a [续写提能] species'cultural and biological vulnerability to arrive at 语段写作 its bio-cultural status.(在这项研究中，研究小组使用了 第一步 一种新的方法来确定一个物种消失的风险：一个文化群 1.with his eyes fixed.focused on a book 体的语言使用下降得越多，该文化受到的成胁就越大。 2.he raised/lifted his eyes and looked out of the window 一种文化受到的成胁越多，其重要物种在文化上就越脆 3.with innocent and curious eyes 弱。然后，研究人员将一个物种的文化和生物脆弱性结 4.lowered/dropped his eyes only to meet the man's eyes 合起来，得出它的生物文化状态。)”可知，与以前的学习 5.his cyes sparkling/shining with excitement 第二步 方法相比，现在的研究方法突出了人类语言的影响。故 选C。 John sat beside the window,with his eyes fixed/ focused on a book.When he finished the book,he raised/ 4.B观，点态度题。根据文章最后一段的“This new lifted his eyes and looked out of the window.Singing approach to conservation involves people that have happily,he gazed at the surroundings with innocent and historically cared for them.It can highlight when curious eyes.Noticing a man approaching,John first communities need support to continue their care. lowered/dropped his eyes only to meet the man's eyes. 新的保护方法涉及到历史上一直照顾它们的人。它可 When he recognised who the visitor was,John opened his 以突出社区何时需要支持以继续提供护理。)”可知，作 mouth wide,his eyes sparkling/shining with excitement. 者赞成最新的方法。故选B。 作业（七）UNTT2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS Ⅱ【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者在 [能力提升] 中学某次做实验的时候，发现了科学能够教会我们很多东 I.1.will be distributed 2.joint 3.political 西，自此作者立志成为一名科学家，尽管未来很遥远，作者 4.freedom 5.frequently 6.entitled 7.broken 8.to ! 会充分把握现在去实现梦想。 9.while 10.to build 1,C考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个实验让我意识到科 Il.1.made up 2.play a part in 3.referring to 4.in 学可以教会我们很多东西。doubt怀疑；wonder想知 contact with 5.in a good state 道；realize意识到：value珍视。后文“It teaches us the lll.1.we couldn't wait to climb it 2_so we know where we are from.”进一步描述科 2.the architecture capacity of ancient Chinese people 学教会我们的具体内容，所以该空表示实验让作者“意 3.handful 识”到了科学能教育我们。故选C。 4.in which they were interested 2.B考查名词词义辨析。句意：它教会我们起源，让我们 5.spending about three hours getting to the highest section 知道自己来自哪里。school学校：origin起源：growth [知能演练] 成长：study学习，研究。根据空后内容“so we know 【,【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要通过海牛 where we are from(因此我们知道我们来自哪里)”可知 Dugong的例子讲述了文化与物种生存的内在关联。 科学教会我们“起源”。故选B。 1.A细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Auch worse, 3.D考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，我下定决心要成 Dugongs are at risk of losing the protection of the 为一名科学家。refuse拒绝；volunteer志愿做；continue Torres Strait Islanders,who have looked after them 继续；decide决定。此处考查动作顺序。空前作者通过 historically,hunting them for food sustainably and 做实验发现了科学能教授的内容：空后“I have studied monitored their numbers.These native people keep .. harder4_in all my science-related subjects.”作者更 their biodiversity,and have deep knowledge about their 加努力去学习与科学有关的学科，所以该空描述作者 environments..(更精糕的是，Dugongs正面临着失去托 “决定”去成为一名科学家。故选D。 54