作业(八) UNITS10∼12

高二英语(配BSD版) 作业(八) UNITS10~12 Ⅰ.标记熟悉单词,回查陌生单词 □tale □merchant □extend □negotiate □fleet □behold □league □royal □spice □withdraw □channel □maritime □bond □politics □profession □tournament □mixture □laptop □coverage □applaud □tax □manned □submersible □coral □directory □exploit □murder □possession □log □arrest Ⅱ.典题展示 (2024·吉林一模)你们学校正在举办“我 最喜欢的格言”的征文活动,内容包括: 1.对格言进行解释; 2.结合个人经历谈论意义或启示。 注意:1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.可选择参考内容以外的格言。 参考内容:1.Athousand-milejourneybegins withthefirststep.—Laozi 2.Whateverisworthdoingisworthdoing wel. [佳作品读] MyFavouriteProverb Myfavouriteproverbis“Athousand-mile journeybeginswiththefirststep.”,which meansweshouldtakethefirststepwithcourage topursueourdream ratherthanjustshout emptysloganswithouttakinganyaction(非限制 性定语从句). Mypersonalexperienceisacaseinpoint. Atsenior1,Ihaddifficultykeepingupwith othersinEnglish.Atthattime,Ihadtwo choices.IcouldchoosetogiveupandalsoI couldchoosetofind outtherootofthe problemandseeksolutions.Ichosethelatter.I tookimmediatestepsand madedetermined effortstoimprovemyEnglishstepbystep.I beganwithrecitingwordsandreviewingthem severaltimes. Thisproverbcanserveasareminderthat longandarduousasthejourneyaheadis(倒装, 让步状语从句),wecanbeclosertoourdream aslongaswearebraveenoughtotakeaction. 语篇训练 A 根据提示,运用 UNIT10的词汇、短语及 句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 Thestudentswereaskedtotalkabout what1. (给……留下最深刻的印象) them.WhatimpressedBenmostwasthathis familymovedfrequently.Heoncelivedneara clinic,agalery,agrocery,astadiumora bakery.ThereasonwasthatBenwould2. (外出逛)withotherguyseverynight, which disturbed his neighbors and caused 3. (一系列)trouble.Hisparentshad to4. (向 别 人 道 歉)andaskfor forgiveness.Heremembered 5. (与……发生冲突)hisparentsabouthisfuture 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —33— career.6. (结 果),Benlefthome withasmal parceland has workedasa sociologisteversince. B 根据提示,运用 UNIT11的词汇、短语及 句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 Kenwasanalcoholic.Thetoughguy, whowasoncea1. (勇敢的士兵) fightingbravelytodefendthecountry,could drink2. (许多)beersaday.Thenhe wouldbehaveasifhewerefiringa3. (机 械 枪),afterwhichhewouldprayand abuseviolence.Mariaoncegotabrokenankle becauseofthis.Hemightdrumonthebalcony 4. (在 半 夜)ordestroyothers􀆳 properties.Theneighbourscouldn􀆳ttolerate himanylongerand5. (给他个警 告),hopingthathecouldceasedoingso.Ken wasliteraly a pleasantperson during his temporarysobriety(清醒)andhe6. (为……感到羞愧)hisbehaviour. C 根据提示,运用 UNIT12的词汇、短语及 句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 Theworldneedsinnovationsforourwel- being.Weneedsomenewwaysto1. (处 理 垃 圾).Somepeoplethinkthatonly 2. (有 天 赋 的 人)caninventnew things.Forexample,Einsteinputforwardthe 3. (相 对 论),whichshowseven time, mass or length are not constant. Biologist Alexander Fleming discovered penicilin.Eckert,anengineerandMauchly,a physicist,producedamachinetoimprovethe accuracyofmissilesin4. (共同努 力).HawkingproposedtheBigBangTheory 5. (尽 管)hisdisability.Ifwe commonpeoplearededicatedtosomething, maybewewilcausearevolution. Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2024·安徽名校联盟大联考)MajTim Peakehasbackedtheideaofsolarfarmsin space,saying the concept is “becoming absolutelyviable(可行的)”. Peakesaidthefalingcostoflaunching heavy goods into orbit meant that such complexstructurescould soon besentto space,withthepotentialtoprovidesignificant power.Peake,thefirstBritishEuropeanSpace Agency (ESA )astronaut to visit the InternationalSpaceStation,said,“Itboils downtohardnumbersattheendoftheday. Launchingthousandsoftonsofhardwareinto low Earth orbit is becoming absolutely viable.” TheESAhasbeenexploringtheideaof space-based solar power plants, and commissionedtwo “conceptstudies”earlier thisyear.Itishopingtopresentabusiness casetotheEUby2025.Peakesaidtheagency calculatedthatsolarfarmsinspacewouldbe financialy viable when goods could be launchedatacostof$1,000(￡807)perkgor less. Hetoldanenergytechsummitlastweek, “Sofar,theactualcostshavebeenabout $2,700perkilo.LaunchesusingtheFalcon Heavycanreducethattoabout$1,500and theso-caledStarshipbringsthatdownbyan orderofmagnitudetoabout$300perkilo.” The Falcon Heavy and Starship are rockets designed by Elon Musk􀆳s SpaceX aerospace company.The Falcon Heavy is alreadytransportinggoodssuchassatelites into space, while the Starship is in development.AnunmannedtestflightinApril explodedminutesafterliftoff.Unlikeprevious launchers,theyarereusableanddesignedto returntoEarthundamaged.Thismeansthere isnoneedtoconstructanewrocketforeach 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —43— 高二英语(配BSD版) launch,bringing costs down.The ESA􀆳s Solarisprojectaimstolaunchsolarpanelsinto space,programmedtoroboticalylinkupwith otherpanelstobuildasolarfarm. WhileEarth-basedsolarfarmsareunable togenerateelectricityinthedark,space-based panels can harvest the sun􀆳s energy continuously.Peakesaid,“Ifyoucanbuild solarfarmsinspace,thenyoucansendthat energy down to ground stations via microwaves.Itmeansclean,limitlessenergy fromspacebecomesanabsolutepossibility.” 1.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph? A.Adefinitionofsolarfarm. B.Anintroductiontothemaintopic. C.Thebackgroundinformationofthetext. D.Presentation of a new phenomenon in technology. 2.What􀆳sthepurposeoflistingfiguresinthe text? A.Tohighlightimportanceofthetask. B.Toprovethetaskwelworkable. C.Totelthecostofbuildingsolarfarms. D.Toshowdificultiesofbuildingsolarfarms. 3.WhyaretheFalcon HeavyandStarship rocketsmorefavorable? A.Theyarereusableandcanreducecosts. B.Theycantransportgoodsintospace quickly. C.Theyaredesignedbyareliableandbig company. D.Theyhavebeenusedinmanysuccessful launches. 4.What􀆳stheadvantageofspace-basedsolar panels? A.Theycangenerateelectricitycontinuously. B.Theycansendenergydowntoground stations. C.Theyareprogrammedtolinkup with otherpanels. D.Theyaremoreefficientinharvestingthe sun􀆳senergy Ⅱ.语法填空 A (2024·湖南师大中学上学期月考)Along timeago,therewasamountain1. (name) “Chengdu Zaitian”in the vast wilderness.Thismountain washometothe KuaFutribe,2. memberswereal talandmightylikegiants. Catchingsightofthesunriseandsunset, KuaFusuddenlyhituponanidea3. hewantedtoraceagainstthesuntoseewho ranfaster! Thenextday,themomentthesun cameout,hetookabigstepandrantowards thesun4. ful speed.Thesun, however,wasnotstil,andit5. (steady)rosefromthehorizon,reachedthe highestpointandthensettothewest.KuaFu couldnotstopfor6. instant,andhe ranlike windal the way,7. (struggle)tocatch up.Mostofthe day passed,and Kua Fu wasfinalyaboutto overtakethesunin Yugu,wherethesun 8. (suppose)tofal! Butashegot closer,hefeltexhaustedandextremelythirsty whenahugeheatwavehithimalover.Then KuaFudrankupalthewateroftheYelow RiverandtheWeiheRiver.Butthatwasstil farfromenough.KuaFuthrewhiscaneout withhislastbitof9. (strong),which turnedintoapeachforestwithrichfruits, servingasarestingplaceforpeopletoenjoy thecoolnessandtakepeachesasfood10. theycontinuedtheirjourney. B (2023·南京六校联合调研)Legendhas 1. thattofu wasdiscovered bya health-consciousChineseprincenamedLiuAn morethan2,000yearsago when he was makinganelixir(灵丹妙药).Herealizedthat soymilkleftincertainconditionscoagulated (凝固)anddevelopedapudding-likesubstance andthatwasthebeginningoftofu. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —53— It􀆳s2. (universal)believedthat monks visiting China brought tofu to neighbouringcountrieslikeJapan. 3. East Asiahasbeeneating tofuformorethan1,000years,ittookalot longerforittocatchonglobaly.Benjamin Franklin,oneoftheUnitedState􀆳sfounding fathers,wrote a letter 4. some soybeansattachedwhilehewasinLondon, praisingitasa“Chinesecheese”in1770.The letterwasoneoftheearliestdocumentson record 5. mentioned tofu in the West.LiShizeng,6. enthusiastof tofu,isoftencreditedwithmakingtofuamore widelyacceptedfoodoutsideofAsia.It􀆳ssaid thathe wasthefirstsentbythe Chinese governmenttoattendaFrenchmilitaryschool. Heended up 7. (study)atthe agriculturalschoolin Montargis and was 8. (passion)aboutpromotingtofuin France. Nowadays,tofu9. (serve)ina modernway.Inmanyfinediningrestaurants, the tasting menu is designed around its textures.Thedishesandingredientschange accordingtotheseasons.Forexample,inone oftherestaurants,thecurrent menustarts with the texture “silken”,10. (represent)bytofu. 动作描写之“手” ★素材积累 短语 ①holdone􀆳shand抓住某人的手 ②shakehandswith与……握手 ③cup...inone􀆳shands将……捧在手心 ④openone􀆳shands张开双手 ⑤handinhand手拉手 ⑥raise/putupone􀆳shand举手 ⑦holdoutone􀆳shand伸出手 ⑧takeone􀆳shand牵某人的手 ⑨spreadone􀆳shands摊开双手 ★语段写作 第一步 完成或翻译句子 1.一只蝴蝶正拼命地扇动翅膀,却无法从地面 上飞起来。 Abutterflywascrazilyflutteringitswings butcouldnot . 2.在它面前是卡车的轮胎。 3.我不假思索就下了车,举起手不让卡车司机 往前走,然后弯下腰去看那只蝴蝶。 WithoutthinkingIgotoutofmycar, ,and .(肢体动作描写) 4.我发现它的一条腿陷进了水洼里,看上去有 点像苏打水。 whatlookedlikesoda. 5.我俯下身,尽可能轻柔地将蝴蝶捧在手心。 Ireacheddownand . (动作描写) 6.我托起它的腿,忽然间,它自由了。我摊开双 手,它朝蓝天飞去。 Ilifteditslegupandsuddenlyitwasfree. .(动作描写) 7.我的目光似乎更加明亮。看着它,我心里感 到更轻松了。 andmyown heartfeltlighterasIwatchedit.(神态描写) 第二步 将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵,注 意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —63— [每日格言】好咖啡要和友一起品尝，好机会也要和朋友一起分享。 高二英语（配BSD版） 5.as tears ran,streamed/rolled down her cheeks 3.that考查名词性从句。句意：看到日出和日落，夸父突然 6.covered his mouth to hide his laugh 有了一个主意，他想和太阳赛跑，看谁跑得更快！id后 第二步 面接同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，应用 The hungry girl's mouth started watering when she that。故填that。 smelled the sandwich.She was about to pick up the sandwich ·4.a1考查固定搭配。句意：第二天，太阳一出来，他就迈了 and take a bite when suddenly a hand cupped her mouth.It 一大步，全速向太阳跑去。短语at full speed表示“全速前 was her brother who grabbed the sandwich and put it into his 进”。故填at。 own mouth.She looked up at him.open-mouthed.She bit her 5.steadily考查副词。句意：然而，太阳并不是静止的，它稳 lower lip to keep it from trembling as tears ran/streamed/ : 步地从地平线上升起，到达最高点，然后向西落下。此处 rolled down her cheeks.Meanwhile,her brother covered his 修饰谓语动词rose应用剖词steadily。.故填steadily。. mouth to hide his laugh. 6,a考查冠词。句意：夸父一刻也停不下来，他像风一样 作业（八）UNITS10~12 一路狂奔，奋力追赶。短语for an instant表示“一刻，一会 [能力展现] 儿”。故填an。 A 7.struggling考查非谓语动词，句意同上。struggle和he 1.left the deepest impression on 2.hang out 3.a chain of 之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故 4.apologise to others 5.conflicting with 6.As a consequence 填struggling。 B 8.was supposed考查谓语动词的时态和语态，句意：大半 1.brave soldier 2.dozens of 3.machine gun 4.at 天过去了，夸父终于要在禺谷赶上太阳了，而渴谷正是太 midnight 5.gave him a warning 6.was ashamed of 阳落山的地方！根据上文Kua Fu was可知为一般过去 C 时：且suppose与sun之间构成逻辑上的被动关系：为一般 1.deal with garbage 2.gifted people 3.Theory of 过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was supposed, Relativity 4.a joint effort 5.in spite of 9.strength考查名词。句意：夸父用尽最后一点力气，把手 [知能演练] 杖扔了出去，那里变成了一片桃林，果实丰富，是人们乘凉 【.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在太空中 休息的地方，也是他们继续赶路前吃桃子的地方。作介词 建太阳能发电场很快在财政上是行得通的。 of的宾语，应用名词strength,表抽象概念，不可数。故填 1.B推理判断题。作者写第一段是为了引出本文的话题： strength。 在太空中建太阳能发电场很快在财政上是行得通的。故 10.before考查状语从句。句意同上。引导时间状语从句， 选B。 表示“在…之前”应用before。故填before。 2.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的最后两句“It boils down to hard numbers at the end of the day.Launching [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，本文讲述了豆腐的起源 thousands of tons of hardware into low Earth orbit is: 和发展。 becoming absolutely viable."可知，作者在第三、四段列举 L.it考查代词。Legend has it that是固定句型，意为“据传 一系列的数据是为了证明solar farms in space计划的可行 说”，故填it。 性。故选B 2.universally 考查副词。修饰谓语动词应用副词。故填 3.A推理判断题。根据第五段“Unlike previous launchers, universally. they are reusable and designed to return to Earth 3.While/Although/Though考查连词。根据句意可知，此 undamaged.This means there is no need to construct a new 处表示尽管东亚人吃豆腐已有一千多年，但它在全球流行 rocket for each launch,bringing costs down”可推知，使用 起来却花了更长的时间，故填While..Although Though. 猎鹰重型和星舰火箭进行太空发射会减少成本。故 选A。 4.wh考查介词。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，此处考 4.A推理判断题。根据第六段“While Earth-based solar 查with复合结构，表示Franklin在伦敦时写了一封信，信 上附着一些黄豆。故填with。 farms are unable to generate electricity in the dark,space- based panels can harvest the sun's energy continuously." :5.that考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语 可推知太空中太阳能发电场可以在黑暗中获取太阳的能 从句且在从句中作主语，先行词指物，且因为先行词中含 量，持续发电。故选A。 有形容词最高级，故空处只能填关系代词，故填that。 . ：6.a考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处表示泛指，又因 enthusiast的发音以元音音素开头，故填n。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了夸父逐 :T.studying考查固定搭配。end up doing为因定搭配，意为 日的神话故事。 “以…而告终”，此处指他最终在Montargis的农业学校 l.named考查非谓语动词。句意：很久以前，在辽闻的荒野 学习。故填studying。 中有一座山，名叫“成都载天”。mountain和name构成逻 8.passionate考查形客词。根据句意可知，此处表示他热 辑上的被动关系，所以要用过去分词作后置定语，故填 裹于在法国推销豆腐，故填passionate。 named ·9.is served考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间 2.whose考查定语从句。句意：这座山是夸父部落的家四， 状语Nowadays并结合句意可知，此处陈述的是现在的情 他们的成员都像巨人一样高大威武。分析句子结构可知 况，应用一殷现在时：句子的主语tofu与serve之间为被 非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Kua Fu tribe,在从句中 动关系，应用被动语态；因为主语tofu为不可数名词，谓语 作定语，应用whose。故填whose。 动词应用单数形式。故填is served。 57 署假作业卓越的人一大优点是：在不利与难的遭遇里百折不挠。 [每日格言] l0.represented考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空： 33.independent independently 34.dusty 35.muddy 处在句中作非谓语，represent与the texture“silken”之间 36.toughly 37.responsibly responsibility 38.attractive 构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词represented, attractively attraction 39.laughter 40.contribution [续写提能] contributor 41.informal 42.digestion 43.entertainment 语段写作 44.rurally 第一步 IV.1.all in all 2.search engine 3.surf the Internet 1.get off the ground 4.from time to time 5.living room 6.according to 7.in 2.It was right in front of a truck's tire. person 8.social media 9.tend to do sth 10.get ahead 3.held my hand up so the truck driver wouldn't move 11.suffer from 12.to be frank 13.due to 14.in other forward bent down to look at the butterfly words 15.graduate from 16.apply for 17.sort of 4.I found one of its legs was stuck in 18.give up 19.deal with 20.be responsible for 21.as 5.cupped the butterfly in my hands as gently as I could well as 22.adapt to sth 23.at the moment 24.look 6.I spread my hands and it flew up towards the blue sky forward to (doing)sth 7.My own eyes shone brighter V.1.It's so convenient to be able to 第二步 2.Actually.I do know I need to drag myself away from the A butterfly was erazily fluttering its wings but could not online world get off the ground.It was right in front of a truck's tire. 3.so that I can have more free time to do other things that Without thinking I got out of my car,held my hand up so the truck driver wouldn't move forward,and bent down to look I'm interested in at the butterfly.I found one of its legs was stuck in what 4.It always makes me excited to work hard and achieve a team goal together. looked like soda.I reached down and cupped the butterfly in my hands as gently as I could.I lifted its leg up and suddenly 5.For example,it usually takes me 20 minutes to get home by bus. it was free.I spread my hands and it flew up towards the blue sky.My own eyes shone brighter and my own heart felt 6.What made him feel satisfied was that his students were lighter as I watched it. able to read,speak and write in English 7.He feels so happy that he followed his heart when choosing 第二部分 衔接一轮 what to do with his life 必修第一册 [知能演练] 1.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过引用一系列 作业（九） UNIT 1 LIFE CHOICES 研究结采，论证了体验欣赏生命美好对个人生活的重要性和 [基础夯实] 价值，并建议我们应该放侵脚步，欣赏并感激生活中的每 I.1.secondary 2.campus 3.schedule 4.competence 一刻。 5.chapter 6.apartment 7,am 8.shift 9.plus L.D推理判嘶题。根据文章第二段“Imagine the first 10.lifestyle 11.teen 12.laptop 13.digital 14.native butterfly you stop to admire...inner beauty as events 15.hardware 16.media 17.saying 18.cafe 19.downtown happen..(想象一下，在漫长的冬天过后，你停下来欣黛的 20.military 21.thus 22.province 23.certificate 第一只湖蝶，或者在一次新鲜的徒步旅行后，你在山顶上 24.unstable 25.flash 26.besides 27.junior 28.slide 欣赏的风景。有时候，生活带给我们美好的瞬间。当人们 29.recreation 乐于欣赏这样的经历时，这些时刻可能会增强他们对生活 II.1.senior 2.pressure 3.arise 4.leisure 5.chat 的看法。我们称这种元素为体验性欣赏，一种在事件发生 6.surf 7.engine 8.range 9.quality 10.meanwhile 时发现和欣赏生活内在美的能力。)”可推知，作者在提到 11.drag 12.goal 13.aim 14.target 15.update 停下来欣赏蝴蝶后，就引出概念“体脸性欣赏”。故选D。 16.ahead 17.reduce 18.expert 19.remove 20.position 2.C主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Our results showed 21.extent 22.function 23.seek 24.feature 25.sort 26.power 27.supply 28.contact 29.charity 30.intend that the more people indicated...compared with those 31.adapt 32.gym 33.moment 34.presentation watching more neutral videos.(我们的研究结果显示，越多 的人表示他们·欣赏生活’，他们就越觉得自己的存在有价 35.forward II.1.dynamically 2.stressed stressful 3.challenging 值。在随后的实验中，我们通过要求参与者观看令人敬畏 4.difference different differently 5.previously 的视颜进一步探索了这一现象，他们也报告说，与那些观 6.expectation 7.confident confidently 8.recovery 看更中性视频的人相比，他们在这些时刻对体验欣赏和生 9.injury 10.fortunately unfortunate unfortunately 活意义有更大的感觉。)”可知，第三段主要解释了体验欣 11.voluntary voluntarily 12.definitely 13.variously 赏的理论。故选C。 variety 14.necessarily necessity 15.convenient 3.A细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“But applying that conveniently 16.addiction addictive 17.actually insight can be difficult.Our modern.fast-paced,project- 18.distance distantly 19.revision 20.suffering oriented lifestyles fill the day with targets.We are on the 21.frankly 22.editor 23.entirely 24.absolutely go.attempting to maximize our output.This makes it easy 25.tension 26.organisation 27.professional professionally to miss what is happening right now.(但运用这种洞察力 28.typically 29.graduation 30.inspiring inspiration 可能很困难。我们现代、快节奏、以项日为导向的生活方 31.application applicant 32.eagerly eagerness 式让每一天都充满了目标。我们忙得不可开交，试图使我 58