精品解析：重庆市丰都县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题

重庆市丰都县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷 五. 语法选择。（共10分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Bondar Polina, ___1___ student from Russia, is studying at Beijing Jiaotong University. Her mother as well as her friends ___2___ her a foodie (吃货) because she enjoys trying local food. Polina once went to a traditional Chinese morning tea house with her friends. She was surprised ___3___ a menu with 80 snacks and 120 dishes! And she didn’t know China has about 100, 000 different dishes ___4___ her friends told her. During her food journey, Polina has also tried luzhu. “I ___5___ it both scary and exciting. But I enjoyed the taste. ”she said. This experience made her more open to trying new things. ___6___ winter came, Polina became interested in hotpot. Her friend gave her ___7___ that she could order take-out hotpot. Polina was ___8___ about that. Chinese food also teaches her about the country’s food traditions. From warming hotpot to exciting luzhu, Polina loves sharing meals ___9___ friends. She looks forward to ____10____ amazing Chinese food to her family in the future. 1. A. a B. an C. the 2. A. call B. calls C. calling 3. A. see B. seeing C. to see 4. A. when B. until C. that 5. A. find B. finds C. found 6. A. As B. On C. For 7. A. advise B. advising C. advice 8. A. excitedly B. exciting C. excited 9. A. and B. with C. for 10. A. introduce B. introduced C. introducing 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了在北京交通大学学习的波琳娜，她因为喜欢品尝当地的美食而被妈妈和朋友称为吃货，她也很喜欢与朋友们分享美食，并期待将来能把美味的中国食物介绍给她的家人。 【1题详解】 句意：Bondar Polina是一名来自俄罗斯的学生，就读于北京交通大学。 a用于辅音音素前；an用于元音音素前；the表示特指。此处表示泛指，student以辅音音素开头，应用a。故选A。 【2题详解】 句意：她妈妈和她的朋友都叫她吃货，因为她喜欢品尝当地的食物。 call打电话，动词原形；calls动词三单；calling动名词。空处应用谓语动词，as well as和，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前一个主语保持一致，遵循就远原则，主语Her mother是单数，动词用三单形式。故选B。 【3题详解】 句意：她惊讶地看到菜单上有80种小吃和120道菜！ see看见，动词原形；seeing动名词；to see动词不定式。be surprised to do sth“惊讶做某事”，为固定短语，故选C。 【4题详解】 句意：直到她的朋友告诉她，她才知道中国有大约10万种不同的菜肴。 when当……时候；until直到；that引导各种从句。此处是结构not...until“直到……才”，故选B。 5题详解】 句意：我觉得这既可怕又令人兴奋。 find找到，动词原形；finds动词三单；found动词过去式。根据“enjoyed”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选C。 【6题详解】 句意：随着冬天的到来，波琳娜对火锅产生了兴趣。 As随着；On在……上；For为了。根据“winter came, Polina became interested in hotpot.”可知，是指随着冬天的到来，波琳娜对火锅产生了兴趣。故选A。 【7题详解】 句意：她的朋友建议她可以叫外卖火锅。 advise建议，动词；advising动名词；advice建议，名词。her是形容词性物主代词，后面应用名词，故选C。 【8题详解】 句意：波琳娜对此很兴奋。 excitedly兴奋地；exciting令人激动的；excited感到激动的。空处作表语，应用形容词，修饰人，应用excited，故选C。 【9题详解】 句意：从温暖的火锅到令人兴奋的芦竹，波琳娜喜欢和朋友一起吃饭。 and和，连词；with和，介词；for为了。根据“sharing meals...friends.”可知，是指和朋友一起吃，share...with...“和……分享……”，故选B。 【10题详解】 句意：她期待着将来把美味的中国菜介绍给她的家人。 introduce介绍，动词原形；introduced动词过去式；introducing动名词。look forward to doing sth“期待做某事”，为固定短语，故选C。 四. 完形填空。（每小题1. 5分, 共15分） 根据短文内容, 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能正确填入相应空格内的最佳答案。 Every year, I usually stay at home for the Dragon Boat Festival holiday. But this year I wanted to try something ___11___. So, in June 2024, I went on a special holiday trip to Qinghai Lake! I went outside of Chongqing ___12___ , so I wasn’t sure what would happen. It ___13___ me six hours to stay on the train. I changed my clothes ___14___ I arrived. Because the weather there was so different from Chongqing. In Chongqing, it was still hot, ___15___ it was so cool in Qinghai. A driver was ___16___ for me. He held up a sign with my name on it. It really made me feel like a star! ___17___ putting my suitcase (手提箱) in the car, we made our way to the hotel. I could ___18___ relax on the bed and enjoy the ocean view. For the next two weeks, I rode a bicycle around the lake ___19___ walking I got to make many new friends. Along the way, some of us were talking with each other ____20____ others were singing. It really turned out to be the trip of a lifetime and I can’t wait to go back! 11. A. lovely B. different C. long D. helpful 12. A. on time B. for the first time C. at the same time D. some time 13. A. took B. spent C. cost D. paid 14. A. as long as B. as well as C. as soon as D. as far as 15. A. and B. because C. so D. but 16. A. waiting B. planning C. caring D. paying 17. A. On B. With C. Before D. After 18. A. only B. always C. finally D. hardly 19. A. regret to B. instead of C. succeed in D. send up 20. A. when B. if C. that D. while 【答案】11. B 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. A 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者今年端午节假期去青海湖的旅行。 【11题详解】 句意：但今年我想尝试一些不同的东西。 lovely可爱的；different不同的；long长的；helpful有帮助的。根据前句“Every year, I usually stay at home for the Dragon Boat Festival holiday. ”以及转折连词“But”可知，作者今年想过一个和以往不同的端午节。故选B。 【12题详解】 句意：这是我第一次走出重庆，所以我不确定会发生什么。 on time准时；for the first time第一次；at the same time同时；some time一段时间。根据“so I wasn’t sure what would happen”可知，作者是第一次离开重庆。故选B。 【13题详解】 句意：我在火车上待了六个小时。 took花费，it takes/took sb.some time to do sth.；spent花费，sb.spend doing/on sth.；cost花费，sth.cost sb.；paid支付，pay for。分析句子可知，此处是it takes/took sb.some time to do sth.的结构。故选A。 14题详解】 句意：我一到就换了衣服。 as long as只要；as well as以及；as soon as一……就…….；as far as就……而言。根据后句“Because the weather there was so different from Chongqing. In Chongqing”可知，因为那里的天气和重庆的太不一样了，所以作者一到就换了衣服。故选C。 【15题详解】 句意：在重庆，天气仍然很热，但在青海却很凉爽。 and和；because因为；so所以；but但是。前后句之间是转折关系，用转折连词but。故选D。 【16题详解】 句意：一个司机正在等我。 waiting等待；planning计划；caring照料；paying支付。wait for sb.“等待某人”，是固定用法，符合语境。故选A。 【17题详解】 句意：在把我的手提箱放在车里后，我们去了酒店。 On在……上；With和；Before在…….之前；After在……之后。根据“putting my suitcase (手提箱) in the car, we made our way to the hotel.”可知，在放好行李之后，才能出发去酒店。故选D。 【18题详解】 句意：我终于可以躺在床上放松，欣赏海景了。 only只有；always总是；finally终于；hardly几乎不。根据“I could...relax on the bed and enjoy the ocean view.”结合选项可知，是指终于可以躺在床上放松，欣赏海景。故选C。 【19题详解】 句意：在接下来的两个星期里，我骑自行车绕湖而不是步行，我交了很多新朋友。 regret to后悔做；instead of而不是；succeed in成功做；send up使上升。根据“I rode a bicycle around the lake”可知，作者是骑自行车绕湖而不是步行。故选B。 【20题详解】 句意：一路上，我们中的一些人在互相交谈，而另一些人在唱歌。 when当……时；if如果，是否；that那个；while当……时。根据“were talking”和“were singing”可知，前后句是两个同时发生的动作，用while引导时间状语从句。故选D。 五. 阅读理解。（共35分） 阅读下列材料, 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 A Are you interested in a part-time job? Now, we need some students to spread our Chinese culture. If you meet the requirements (要求), you can join us. We are waiting for you! Requirements Your age should be from 12 to 15; You should be good at giving a speech in public: You must know much about the culture of Hanfu; You need to work for at least three hours every day. There are three ways to get in touch with us: Call us: 70892233 Sending emails: 436927823@qq.com Come to the office 213 every Tuesday and Friday. 21. Where is this passage maybe from? A. a story B. CCTV news C an ad (广告) on the newspaper D. a picture book for kids 22. Who can probably get the job? A. A girl who is 16 years old. B. A girl who has five hours’ free time every day. C. A girl who is shy and kind. D. A girl who knows a lot about Western cultures. 23. Which is the right way to get in touch with them? A. Calling at 70892223. B. Writing a letter. C. Sending emails. D. Going to office 213 on Monday. 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是了一个兼职工作的招聘广告，旨在招募学生传播中国文化，详细介绍了要求。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Are you interested in a part-time job? Now, we need some students to spread our Chinese culture. If you meet the requirements (要求), you can join us. We are waiting for you!”可知，这是一则招聘广告，可能来自报纸上的广告。故选C。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Requirements中“You need to work for at least three hours every day.”可知，一个每天有五个小时空闲时间的女孩可能得到这份工作。故选B。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“There are three ways to get in touch with us: Call us: 70892233Sending emails: 436927823@qq.com; Come to the office 213 every Tuesday and Friday.”可知，联系我们的方式有三种：打电话：70892233；发邮件：436927823@qq.com；每周二和周五来213办公室。故选C。 B People throw litter on the beach and even into the sea. The litter has become the “home” of hermit crabs (寄居蟹). Believe it or not, it is happening all over the world. Scientists have seen hermit crabs using bottles, bulbs (灯泡) and even broken glass. Unlike other crabs, hermit crabs are born with soft bodies, so they need to look for shells (贝壳). They first look at the shells’ type, size, and color. Then, they use their legs to check the inside of the shells to make sure they are the right size. As they grow, they give up their old shells and find bigger ones to live in. However, “litter shells” can bring danger to hermit crabs. Different from natural shells, plastic waste (塑料垃圾) is often brighter in color. Other sea animals can find hermit crabs more easily. The crabs could also get hurt or die when they go into plastic bottles. Why do they choose a “litter shell”? Hermit crabs find shells by a smell. Sea plastic smell is similar to the smell of natural shells. Now, man-made “shells” might be interesting to hermit crabs. Plastic waste is lighter than natural shells. The hermit crabs can go around easily in them. 24. Why do hermit crabs need to look for shells? A. Because they are born with soft bodies. B. Because there are many bottles in the sea. C. Because they need two shells. D. Because they like bright colors. 25. What do hermit crabs use to check the size of the shells? A. Their bodies. B. Their eyes. C. Their legs. D. Their mouths. 26. What’s the difference between natural shells and plastic waste? A. Plastic waste is brighter in color. B. Plastic waste is bigger. C. Plastic waste smells better. D. Plastic waste is smaller. 27. What’s the best title of this passage? A. Hermit crabs. B. Plastic waste in the sea. C. Terrible “home”for crabs. D. How do crabs choose shells? 【答案】24. A 25. C 26. A 27. C 【解析】 【导语】短文主要讲述了寄居蟹误将海滩和海洋中的垃圾当作 ”家” 的现象以及给寄居蟹带来的危害。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中第2段“Unlike other crabs, hermit crabs are born with soft bodies, so they need to look for shells”寄居蟹和其他螃蟹不一样，天生身体柔软，需要寻找外壳。可知，寄居蟹需要寻找贝壳是因为他们天生身体柔软。故选A。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中第2段“They first look at the shells’ type, size, and color. Then, they use their legs to check the inside of the shells to make sure they are the right size.”他们首先看贝壳的类型、大小和颜色。然后, 他们用腿检查贝壳的内部，以确保它们的大小合适。可知寄居蟹用腿来检查壳的大小。故选C。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中第3段“Different from natural shells, plastic waste is often brighter in color.”与天然贝壳不同, 塑料垃圾往往颜色更鲜艳。可知，塑料垃圾颜色更鲜艳。故选A。 【27题详解】 标题归纳题。根据文中第3段“However, “litter shells”can bring danger to hermit crabs”然而“废壳”会给寄居蟹带来危险。以及通读全文可知，短文主要讲述了寄居蟹误将海滩和海洋中的垃圾当作 ”家” 的现象以及给寄居蟹带来的危害。所以“寄居蟹可怕的家” 作为标题最合适。故选C。 C Our ears play an important part in helping us experience the world around us. They make it possible for us to enjoy different sounds, such as music and the singing of birds. But how do they work? Outer ear collects sound around us. The sound then travels through the middle ear and into the inner ear before reaching the brain. Our ears never stop working. Even when we are asleep, our ears are still working They help us stay alert (警觉) for any unusual sounds. But ears do more than just hear. In the inner ear, there are organs (器官) to help us keep our balance. Surprisingly, our ears also help us taste food. Some nerves (神经) in the middle ear connect (连接) the tongue to the brain. If something happens to your ears, you may have difficulty telling different flavors (味道) apart. So we should take good care of our ears 28. What’s the closest meaning of the underlined word “inner” in Paragraph 2? A. center B. smart C. inside D. close 29. How many uses of ears are mentioned in the article? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 30. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Your middle ear can collect sound. B. Your ears stop hearing sound when you fall asleep. C. Some nerves in the inner ear connect the tongue to the brain. D. Ears can help keep your balance. 31. What’s the purpose of the writer? A. To show us how ears work. B. To show different sounds. C. To let us protect our ears. D. To help us keep our balance. 【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了耳朵的功能和重要性，同时强调了保护耳朵的重要性。 【28题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“Outer ear collects sound around us. The sound then travels through the middle ear and into the inner ear before reaching the brain.”可知外耳收集我们周围的声音，声音通过中耳进入内耳，然后到达大脑，故此处划线部分意为“内部的”，和inside意义相近。故选C。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据“But ears do more than just hear. In the inner ear, there are organs (器官) to help us keep our balance.”以及“Surprisingly, our ears also help us taste food”可知耳朵可以帮助我们听，在内耳中，有一些器官帮助我们保持平衡，我们的耳朵也帮助我们品尝食物，文章中提到了耳朵的三种用途。故选B。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据“But ears do more than just hear. In the inner ear, there are organs (器官) to help us keep our balance”可知在内耳中，有一些器官帮助我们保持平衡。故选D。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了耳朵的功能和重要性，同时强调了保护耳朵的重要性，所以作者的目的是让我们保护我们的耳朵。故选C。 D 36-year-old Wu Yang comes from Shenyang, Liaoning province. He taught about 1, 500 students to make the pastry (糕点). Looking at the picture, you may wonder what it is made of. Actually, it is made of nothing but flour, eggs, sugar and oil. Wu is very interested in traditional Chinese culture. In order to create the lion head pastry. he searched for the Foshan lion dance online. With his skills, he created this pastry. The lion head pastry takes six steps to create. •First, weigh flour, sugar, oil and water. •Second, mix them together to make the dough (生面团) •Third, fold the dough into different layers (层). •Fourth, make each small part of the lion head pastry. •Fifth, put the parts together with egg white. •Last, fry it for 3 minutes. It took Wu much time to improve the lion head pastry. He said. “At first, the two eyelash (睫毛) layers were the same size. Later. I made the second layer smaller and thinner than the first layer. “ Wu still spends about 10 hours a day in his kitchen. “I’ve been doing this one job all the time and putting my passion (热情) into the pastry. I create new pastry designs each year. “ ▲ . Some started cooking at home. Many became more confident. They learned the skills and knew the culture behind it because of Wu Yang. 32. Why did Wu Yang search for the Foshan lion dance online? A. Because he wanted to buy the lion online. B. Because he wanted to teach students online. C. Because he wanted to enjoy the Foshan lion dance. D. Because he wanted to create the lion head pastry 33. In which step does Wu made the eyelashes? A. The first step. B. The second step. C. The third step. D. The fourth step. 34. Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲ ? A. Wu Yang taught the students carefully. B. Learning to cook from Wu changed the children. C. Cooking at home is important for children. D. It took a long time to become a good cook. 35. What do you think made Wu Yang successful in cooking? A. His talent (天赋) and carefulness. B. His creativity and hard work. C. His kindness and love. D. His confidence and strictness. 【答案】32. D 33. D 34. B 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了36岁的吴洋来自辽宁沈阳，他教授了大约1500名学生制作这种糕点。这种看似复杂的糕点实际上只用面粉、鸡蛋、糖和油制成。吴洋对中国传统文化非常感兴趣，为了创作出狮子头糕点，他上网搜索了佛山舞狮的资料。许多人因为吴洋开始在家烹饪，变得更加自信，他们学习到了技能并了解了背后的文化。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中第2段“In order to create the lion head pastry. he searched for the Foshan lion dance online.”可知吴洋在网上搜索佛山舞狮，因为他想做狮子头糕点。故选D。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中第6段“Fourth, make each small part of the lion head pastry”可推知吴在第4步骤做了睫毛。故选D。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中最后1段“Some started cooking at home. Many became more confident.”可知说的是孩子们开始做饭之后的一些改变，所以“从吴老师这里学习做饭改变了孩子”放在这里合适。故选B。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中第2段“In order to create the lion head pastry. he searched for the Foshan lion dance online. With his skills, he created this pastry.”可知吴洋的创造力和勤奋让在烹饪方面取得成功。故选B。 E ①Nowadays, we can see more and more robot waiters in restaurants around the world. They can welcome people and take with them to their tables. They can also send food and drinks and bring dirty dishes back to the kitchen. Some have cat-like faces and even make noises when you touch their heads. But are robots waiters the future? It is a question the restaurant industry is trying to answer. ②Robot waiters are useful. One reason is that the sales of robots have been growing in recent years. There are tens of thousands of them now moving through eating places around the world. ③“I’m sure this is where the world is going.” said Dennis Reynolds, head of the Hilton College of Global Hospitality Leadership at the University of Houston. The school’s restaurant began using robot waiters in December, 2022. The students and teachers love robot waiters very much. They have cut down the work of humans and improved service. ④But others say robot waiters still have a long way to go before they can serve others like humans. They cannot take orders and many restaurants have steps, outdoor patios (露台) and other physical challenges they can’t get used to. Besides, restaurants are noisy places. They are crowded with people. So these robot waiters can easily hit people. ⑤“Restaurants are pretty chaotic (无秩序的) places, so it’s very hard to use a robot,” said Craig Le Clair from the advising company Forrester. 36. How does the writer begin this passage? A. By showing opinions. B. By telling a story. C. By asking a question. D. By giving an example. 37. What does the phrase “tens of thousands of” show in Paragraph 2? A. It shows the robot waiters are popular. B. It shows the robot waiters are long. C. It shows the robot waiters are old. D. It shows the robot waiters are busy. 38. What can we know from Paragraph 4? A. Robot waiters can serve others like humans. B. Robot waiters can go very far. C. Robot waiters have some disadvantages. D. We should stop using robot waiters at once. 39. Which is the structure (结构) of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】36. D 37. A 38. C 39. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讨论了机器人服务员在餐饮业的应用及其前景。首先，指出全球越来越多的餐厅开始使用机器人服务员，它们可以接待顾客、送餐和收拾桌子。其次，提到机器人服务员的销量在增长，且有的学校餐厅已经开始使用并取得了减少人力和提升服务效率的效果。然而，也有观点认为机器人服务员还不能完全像人类服务员那样工作，因为它们无法接单，且难以应对餐厅中的一些物理挑战和嘈杂环境。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中第一段“Nowadays, we can see more and more robot waiters in restaurants around the world. They can welcome people and take with them to their tables. They can also send food and drinks and bring dirty dishes back to the kitchen. Some have cat-like faces and even make noises when you touch their heads.”可知，作者用举例子的方式开始这篇文章。故选D。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中第二段中“One reason is that the sales of robots have been growing in recent years. There are tens of thousands of them now moving through eating places around the world.”可知，其中一个原因是近年来机器人的销量一直在增长。现在有数以万计的人在世界各地的饮食场所流动。“tens of thousands of”表明机器人服务员很受欢迎。故选A。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中第四段“But others say robot waiters still have a long way to go before they can serve others like humans. They cannot take orders and many restaurants have steps, outdoor patios (露台) and other physical challenges they can’t get used to.”可知，本段介绍了机器人服务员有一些劣势。故选C。 【39题详解】 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出主题，第二、三段主要讲了机器人服务员的优势，第四、五段讲了机器人服务员的劣势，判断最好的结构如图A所示。故选A。 七. 口语应用（每小题5分, 共5分） 从文后选择恰当的选项补全对话，有两个是多余的。 A: Hello. Lantian Hotel.___40___ B: Yes. I’d like to book some rooms. What kinds of rooms do you have? A: We have a standard room with two single beds and a room with one single bed. B: ___41___ A: OK. May I have your telephone number? B: Sure. 70865324. A: Well. When do you want them?___42___ B: From July 2nd to 5th three nights. A: All right. B: ___43___ A: You had better take some warm clothes. Don’t forget to take you ID card with you. B: Thanks. ___44___ A: Yes. From the window you can see the beautiful lake. B: Wow! I can’t wait to go there. A. By the way, is there a window in the room? B. I want a standard room with two single beds. C. What should I take? D. What can I see in the room? E. Can I help you? F. How much does a standard room cost? G. And how long do you plan to stay? 【答案】40. E 41. B 42. G 43. C 44. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是谈论关于订房间的一则对话。 【40题详解】 根据“Yes. I’d like to book some rooms.”可知，说的是想订一些房间，选项E“我能帮你吗？”符合语境。故选E。 【41题详解】 根据“We have a standard room with two single beds and a room with one single bed.”和“When do you want them?”可知，说的是想要什么类型的房间，选项B“我想要一间带两张单人床的标准间。”符合语境。故选B。 【42题详解】 根据“From July 2nd to 5th, three nights.”可知，说的是时间，选项G“你打算待多久？”符合语境。故选G。 【43题详解】 根据“You had better take some warm clothes. Don’t forget to take you ID card with you.”可知，说的是带的东西，选项C“我应该带什么？”符合语境。故选C。 【44题详解】 根据“Yes. From the window you can see the beautiful lake.”可知，此处为一般疑问句，下文讲述从窗户你可以看到美丽的湖面，选项A“顺便问一下，房间里有窗户吗？”符合语境。故选A。 八. 任务型阅读。（共9分） 阅读下文并回答问题。 Two old men moved into a hospital room one after the other. The first one could sit up for an hour every day. His bed was next to the only window. The second one was staying in bed all day and couldn’t see clearly. They would talk about their homes, jobs, family and friends, and what they would do when they left the hospital. Every afternoon, a nurse would help the first man sit up. He then would tell the second man about the things that happened outside the window. The second man could feel that it was a beautiful and lively world. It made him feel happy, even though he couldn’t go out. He wanted to thank the first man. Because he made him want to live. As time went on, the first man died one morning. The second man was very sad to hear that. Since he became better, he asked to change to the bed by the window. However, when he got there, he saw nothing but a wall. The old man got angry and asked the nurse why the first man lied. The nurse replied that the man was blind. 45. Could the second man sit up at first? ______________________________________ 46. What did the second man think of the world when the first man told him what he “saw”? ______________________________________ 47. How did the second man feel when he saw nothing but a wall? ______________________________________ 48. Do you think the first man is kind? Explain. ______________________________________ 【答案】45. No, he couldn’t. 46. He thought the world was beautiful and lively. 47. He got angry. 48. Yes. Because he described a wonderful world. It encouraged the second man and gave him the hope to live. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述医院里一个病室里两个病友之间的故事，其中一个为了鼓励另一个战胜病魔而虚构了外面精彩的世界。 【45题详解】 根据“The second one was staying in bed all day and couldn’t see clearly.”可知，最初第二个病人不能坐起来。故填No, he couldn’t. 【46题详解】 根据“The second man could feel that it was a beautiful and lively world.”可知，第二个病人认为这个世界是美丽的，充满生机的。故填He thought the world was beautiful and lively. 【47题详解】 根据“However, when he got there, he saw nothing but a wall. The old man got angry and asked the nurse why the first man lied.”可知，第二个老人看到一堵墙，他很生气。故填He got angry. 【48题详解】 根据文章内容可知，第一个老人是善良的，因为他描述了一个精彩的世界，这鼓励了第二个老人，给了他活下去的希望。故填Yes. Because he described a wonderful world. It encouraged the second man and gave him the hope to live. 九. 完成句子。（每空1分, 共10分） 根据所给提示, 完成句子, 每空一词, 含缩略词 49. The boy fell off his bike last week. （改为否定句） The boy ________ ________ off his bike last week. 【答案】 ①. didn’t ②. fall 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个男孩上周从自行车上摔了下来。fell为实义动词的过去式，改为否定句, 在动词前面加助动词didn’t, 再把fell变为动词原形fall。故填didn’t；fall。 50. They prepared 50 bowls of vegetable soup for the dinner. （对划线部分提问） ________ ________ vegetable soup did they prepare for the dinner? 【答案】 ①. How ②. much 【解析】 【详解】原句划线部分 “50 bowls of” 属于蔬菜汤的数量，针对不可数名词的数量提问常用疑问词How much。故填How；much。 51. The boy draws better than any other student in his class. (改为同义句) The boy ________ ________ in his class. 【答案】 ①. draws ②. best 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个男孩比他班上的任何其他学生都画得好。根据题干要求可知，也可以说“这个男孩在班上画得最好”，比较级转换成最高级，better为good的比较级，good的最高级为best。故填draws；best。 52. 请计算一下这些东西需要多少钱。（完成译句） ________ ________ how much all these things will cost, please. 【答案】 ①. Work ②. out 【解析】 【详解】空格部分意为 “计算出”，用work out；结合 “please（请）”可知，句子为祈使句，work用动词原形，位于句首首字母大写。故填Work out。 53. 你要么把它拿回家，要么把它留在这里。（完成译句） You can ________ take it home ________ leave it here. 【答案】 ①. either ②. or 【解析】 【详解】根据中英文判断空处缺少的含义为“要么……要么……”，应用固定结构either...or...。故填either；or。 十. 短文填空。（每空2分, 共16分） 根据下列短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。 What are you wearing today? Now, more and more young Chinese people are wearing hanfu. Ran Dan is one of them. She learned ___54___ hanfu in 2011 when she saw some hanfu photos. Some people o___55___ wear hanfu for special activities, but others wear it every day: to work, to school, or even to go shopping. Ran is the latter. “W___56___ hanfu is not just for fashion.” said Ran. “It makes us pay more ___57___ to the Chinese culture behind it.” The beauty of the Chinese Hanfu started thousands of years ago. It’s a symbol of Chinese beauty. Now many schools have hanfu clubs and ___58___ are popular with students. In the clubs, students can ___59___ in different kinds of activities like making hanfu. Students in hanfu clubs love hanfu very much ___60___ it’s exciting and relaxing to wear hanfu. The schools think students can spread Chinese culture and tell the world how much they are ___61___ of China. 【答案】54. about 55. (o)nly 56. (W)earing 57. attention 58. they 59. join 60. because 61. fond 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国汉服文化的传播方式及其意义。 【54题详解】 句意：2011年，当她看到一些汉服照片时，她了解了汉服。根据“when she saw some hanfu photos”（当她看到一些汉服照片时）可知，她了解了汉服，因此填about， learn about为固定搭配，意为“了解”。故填about。 【55题详解】 句意：有些人只在特殊活动时穿汉服，但有些人每天都穿：上班、上学、甚至去购物。根据“but others wear it every day: to work, to school, or even to go shopping”（但有些人每天都穿：上班、上学、 甚至去购物）可知，此处指有些人只在特殊活动时穿汉服，结合首字母可知，此处填only“只，仅仅”。故填(o)nly。 【56题详解】 句意：穿汉服不仅仅是为了时尚。根据“is not just for fashion”（不仅仅是为了时尚）可知，应该指穿汉服不仅仅是为了时尚，结合首字母可知，应该用动词“Wear”，作主语，使用动名词形式。故填(W)earing。 【57题详解】 句意：它让我们更加关注它背后的中国文化。根据“the Chinese culture behind it”（它背后的中国文化）可知，应该是关注它背后的中国文化，因此填attention，pay attention to为固定搭配，意为“关注，注意”。故填attention。 【58题详解】 句意：现在许多学校都有汉服俱乐部，而且它们很受学生欢迎。根据“many schools have hanfu clubs”（许多学校都有汉服俱乐部）可知，汉服俱乐部很受欢迎，因此此处指代“hanfu clubs”，用they作主语。故填they。 【59题详解】 句意：在俱乐部里，学生们可以参加各种各样的活动，比如做汉服。根据“different kinds of activities like making hanfu”（各种各样的活动，比如做汉服）可知，应该是加入各种各样的活动，因此用动词join， join in为固定搭配，意为“加入”，can为情态动词，因此填动词原形。故填join。 【60题详解】 句意：汉服社团的学生非常喜欢汉服，因为穿上汉服既刺激又放松。根据语境可知，前后之间构成因果关系，前果后因，因此填because符合题意。故填because。 【61题详解】 句意：学校认为学生可以传播中国文化，并告诉世界他们有多喜欢中国。根据“tell the world how much they are. . . of China.”（告诉世界他们有多……中国。）可知，应该是喜欢中国，be fond of为固定搭配，意为“喜欢，喜爱”。故填fond。 十一. 书面表达。（20分） 62. 众所周知，身心健康对每个人都很重要。作为中学生，我们有时会遇到困难和烦恼，也偶尔会感到有压力。那如何才能保证我们的身心健康呢? 请根据下面的提示信息，以 How to Keep Healthy为题，写一篇英文短文。 要求： On weekdays I. Eat well, sleep well; 2. Do sports; 3. Talk with others and turn to them; 4. Do interesting and meaningful things. On weekends …(one or two suggestions of yours) 1. 结构完整，要点齐全，并补充建议； 2. 表达通顺，语言规范，书写清晰； 3. 80字左右。 How to Keep Healthy _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 How to Keep Healthy As middle school students, it’s important for us to keep healthy. On weekdays, we should start by eating well and sleeping well, ensuring our bodies get the necessary rest. Doing sports regularly helps strengthen our bodies. When faced with difficulties or troubles, talking with others and turning to them for support can provide emotional support. Additionally, doing interesting and meaningful things make our lives colorful. On weekends, we can do some outdoor activities like hiking or biking. Moreover, taking some time for relaxation, such as reading a good book or listening to music. By following these ways, we can lead healthier and happier lives. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍保持健康很重要； 第二步，具体阐述如何保持健康； 第三步，最后书写小结。 [亮点词汇] ①additionally另外 ②moreover而且 ③such as比如 [高分句型] ①When faced with difficulties or troubles, talking with others and turning to them for support can provide emotional support.（when引导的时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重庆市丰都县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷 五. 语法选择。（共10分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Bondar Polina, ___1___ student from Russia, is studying at Beijing Jiaotong University. Her mother as well as her friends ___2___ her a foodie (吃货) because she enjoys trying local food. Polina once went to a traditional Chinese morning tea house with her friends. She was surprised ___3___ a menu with 80 snacks and 120 dishes! And she didn’t know China has about 100, 000 different dishes ___4___ her friends told her. During her food journey, Polina has also tried luzhu. “I ___5___ it both scary and exciting. But I enjoyed the taste. ”she said. This experience made her more open to trying new things. ___6___ winter came, Polina became interested in hotpot. Her friend gave her ___7___ that she could order take-out hotpot. Polina was ___8___ about that. Chinese food also teaches her about the country’s food traditions. From warming hotpot to exciting luzhu, Polina loves sharing meals ___9___ friends. She looks forward to ____10____ amazing Chinese food to her family in the future. 1. A. a B. an C. the 2. A. call B. calls C. calling 3. A. see B. seeing C. to see 4 A. when B. until C. that 5. A. find B. finds C. found 6. A. As B. On C. For 7. A. advise B. advising C. advice 8. A. excitedly B. exciting C. excited 9. A. and B. with C. for 10. A. introduce B. introduced C. introducing 四. 完形填空。（每小题1. 5分, 共15分） 根据短文内容, 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能正确填入相应空格内的最佳答案。 Every year, I usually stay at home for the Dragon Boat Festival holiday. But this year I wanted to try something ___11___. So, in June 2024, I went on a special holiday trip to Qinghai Lake! I went outside of Chongqing ___12___ , so I wasn’t sure what would happen. It ___13___ me six hours to stay on the train. I changed my clothes ___14___ I arrived. Because the weather there was so different from Chongqing. In Chongqing, it was still hot, ___15___ it was so cool in Qinghai. A driver was ___16___ for me. He held up a sign with my name on it. It really made me feel like a star! ___17___ putting my suitcase (手提箱) in the car, we made our way to the hotel. I could ___18___ relax on the bed and enjoy the ocean view. For the next two weeks, I rode a bicycle around the lake ___19___ walking I got to make many new friends. Along the way, some of us were talking with each other ____20____ others were singing. It really turned out to be the trip of a lifetime and I can’t wait to go back! 11. A. lovely B. different C. long D. helpful 12. A. on time B. for the first time C. at the same time D. some time 13. A. took B. spent C. cost D. paid 14. A. as long as B. as well as C. as soon as D. as far as 15. A. and B. because C. so D. but 16. A. waiting B. planning C. caring D. paying 17. A. On B. With C. Before D. After 18. A. only B. always C. finally D. hardly 19. A. regret to B. instead of C. succeed in D. send up 20. A. when B. if C. that D. while 五. 阅读理解。（共35分） 阅读下列材料, 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 A Are you interested in a part-time job? Now, we need some students to spread our Chinese culture. If you meet the requirements (要求), you can join us. We are waiting for you! Requirements Your age should be from 12 to 15; You should be good at giving a speech in public: You must know much about the culture of Hanfu; You need to work for at least three hours every day. There are three ways to get in touch with us: Call us: 70892233 Sending emails: 436927823@qq.com Come to the office 213 every Tuesday and Friday. 21. Where is this passage maybe from? A. a story B. CCTV news C. an ad (广告) on the newspaper D. a picture book for kids 22. Who can probably get the job? A. A girl who is 16 years old. B. A girl who has five hours’ free time every day. C. A girl who is shy and kind. D. A girl who knows a lot about Western cultures. 23. Which is the right way to get in touch with them? A Calling at 70892223. B. Writing a letter. C. Sending emails. D. Going to office 213 on Monday. B People throw litter on the beach and even into the sea. The litter has become the “home” of hermit crabs (寄居蟹). Believe it or not, it is happening all over the world. Scientists have seen hermit crabs using bottles, bulbs (灯泡) and even broken glass. Unlike other crabs, hermit crabs are born with soft bodies, so they need to look for shells (贝壳). They first look at the shells’ type, size, and color. Then, they use their legs to check the inside of the shells to make sure they are the right size. As they grow, they give up their old shells and find bigger ones to live in. However, “litter shells” can bring danger to hermit crabs. Different from natural shells, plastic waste (塑料垃圾) is often brighter in color. Other sea animals can find hermit crabs more easily. The crabs could also get hurt or die when they go into plastic bottles. Why do they choose a “litter shell”? Hermit crabs find shells by a smell. Sea plastic smell is similar to the smell of natural shells. Now, man-made “shells” might be interesting to hermit crabs. Plastic waste is lighter than natural shells. The hermit crabs can go around easily in them. 24. Why do hermit crabs need to look for shells? A. Because they are born with soft bodies. B. Because there are many bottles in the sea. C. Because they need two shells. D. Because they like bright colors. 25. What do hermit crabs use to check the size of the shells? A. Their bodies. B. Their eyes. C. Their legs. D. Their mouths. 26. What’s the difference between natural shells and plastic waste? A. Plastic waste is brighter in color. B. Plastic waste is bigger. C. Plastic waste smells better. D. Plastic waste is smaller. 27. What’s the best title of this passage? A. Hermit crabs. B. Plastic waste in the sea. C. Terrible “home”for crabs. D. How do crabs choose shells? C Our ears play an important part in helping us experience the world around us. They make it possible for us to enjoy different sounds, such as music and the singing of birds. But how do they work? Outer ear collects sound around us. The sound then travels through the middle ear and into the inner ear before reaching the brain. Our ears never stop working. Even when we are asleep, our ears are still working They help us stay alert (警觉) for any unusual sounds. But ears do more than just hear. In the inner ear, there are organs (器官) to help us keep our balance. Surprisingly, our ears also help us taste food. Some nerves (神经) in the middle ear connect (连接) the tongue to the brain. If something happens to your ears, you may have difficulty telling different flavors (味道) apart. So we should take good care of our ears. 28. What’s the closest meaning of the underlined word “inner” in Paragraph 2? A. center B. smart C. inside D. close 29. How many uses of ears are mentioned in the article? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 30. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Your middle ear can collect sound. B. Your ears stop hearing sound when you fall asleep. C. Some nerves in the inner ear connect the tongue to the brain. D. Ears can help keep your balance. 31. What’s the purpose of the writer? A. To show us how ears work. B. To show different sounds. C. To let us protect our ears. D. To help us keep our balance. D 36-year-old Wu Yang comes from Shenyang, Liaoning province. He taught about 1, 500 students to make the pastry (糕点). Looking at the picture, you may wonder what it is made of. Actually, it is made of nothing but flour, eggs, sugar and oil. Wu is very interested in traditional Chinese culture. In order to create the lion head pastry. he searched for the Foshan lion dance online. With his skills, he created this pastry. The lion head pastry takes six steps to create. •First, weigh flour, sugar, oil and water. •Second, mix them together to make the dough (生面团) •Third, fold the dough into different layers (层). •Fourth, make each small part of the lion head pastry. •Fifth, put the parts together with egg white. •Last, fry it for 3 minutes. It took Wu much time to improve the lion head pastry. He said. “At first, the two eyelash (睫毛) layers were the same size. Later. I made the second layer smaller and thinner than the first layer. “ Wu still spends about 10 hours a day in his kitchen. “I’ve been doing this one job all the time and putting my passion (热情) into the pastry. I create new pastry designs each year. “ ▲ . Some started cooking at home. Many became more confident. They learned the skills and knew the culture behind it because of Wu Yang. 32. Why did Wu Yang search for the Foshan lion dance online? A. Because he wanted to buy the lion online. B. Because he wanted to teach students online. C. Because he wanted to enjoy the Foshan lion dance. D. Because he wanted to create the lion head pastry 33. In which step does Wu made the eyelashes? A. The first step. B. The second step. C. The third step. D. The fourth step. 34. Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲ ? A. Wu Yang taught the students carefully. B. Learning to cook from Wu changed the children. C. Cooking at home is important for children. D. It took a long time to become a good cook. 35. What do you think made Wu Yang successful in cooking? A. His talent (天赋) and carefulness. B. His creativity and hard work. C. His kindness and love. D. His confidence and strictness. E ①Nowadays we can see more and more robot waiters in restaurants around the world. They can welcome people and take with them to their tables. They can also send food and drinks and bring dirty dishes back to the kitchen. Some have cat-like faces and even make noises when you touch their heads. But are robots waiters the future? It is a question the restaurant industry is trying to answer. ②Robot waiters are useful. One reason is that the sales of robots have been growing in recent years. There are tens of thousands of them now moving through eating places around the world. ③“I’m sure this is where the world is going.” said Dennis Reynolds, head of the Hilton College of Global Hospitality Leadership at the University of Houston. The school’s restaurant began using robot waiters in December, 2022. The students and teachers love robot waiters very much. They have cut down the work of humans and improved service. ④But others say robot waiters still have a long way to go before they can serve others like humans. They cannot take orders and many restaurants have steps, outdoor patios (露台) and other physical challenges they can’t get used to. Besides, restaurants are noisy places. They are crowded with people. So these robot waiters can easily hit people. ⑤“Restaurants are pretty chaotic (无秩序的) places, so it’s very hard to use a robot,” said Craig Le Clair from the advising company Forrester. 36. How does the writer begin this passage? A. By showing opinions. B. By telling a story. C. By asking a question. D. By giving an example. 37. What does the phrase “tens of thousands of” show in Paragraph 2? A. It shows the robot waiters are popular. B. It shows the robot waiters are long. C. It shows the robot waiters are old. D. It shows the robot waiters are busy. 38. What can we know from Paragraph 4? A. Robot waiters can serve others like humans. B. Robot waiters can go very far. C. Robot waiters have some disadvantages. D. We should stop using robot waiters at once. 39. Which is the structure (结构) of the passage? A. B. C. D. 七. 口语应用（每小题5分, 共5分） 从文后选择恰当的选项补全对话，有两个是多余的。 A: Hello. Lantian Hotel.___40___ B: Yes. I’d like to book some rooms. What kinds of rooms do you have? A: We have a standard room with two single beds and a room with one single bed. B: ___41___ A: OK. May I have your telephone number? B: Sure. 70865324. A: Well. When do you want them?___42___ B: From July 2nd to 5th, three nights. A: All right. B: ___43___ A: You had better take some warm clothes. Don’t forget to take you ID card with you. B: Thanks. ___44___ A: Yes. From the window you can see the beautiful lake. B: Wow! I can’t wait to go there A. By the way, is there a window in the room? B. I want a standard room with two single beds. C. What should I take? D. What can I see in the room? E. Can I help you? F. How much does a standard room cost? G. And how long do you plan to stay? 八. 任务型阅读。（共9分） 阅读下文并回答问题。 Two old men moved into a hospital room one after the other. The first one could sit up for an hour every day. His bed was next to the only window. The second one was staying in bed all day and couldn’t see clearly. They would talk about their homes, jobs, family and friends, and what they would do when they left the hospital. Every afternoon, a nurse would help the first man sit up. He then would tell the second man about the things that happened outside the window. The second man could feel that it was a beautiful and lively world. It made him feel happy, even though he couldn’t go out. He wanted to thank the first man. Because he made him want to live. As time went on, the first man died one morning. The second man was very sad to hear that. Since he became better, he asked to change to the bed by the window. However, when he got there, he saw nothing but a wall. The old man got angry and asked the nurse why the first man lied. The nurse replied that the man was blind. 45. Could the second man sit up at first? ______________________________________ 46. What did the second man think of the world when the first man told him what he “saw”? ______________________________________ 47. How did the second man feel when he saw nothing but a wall? ______________________________________ 48. Do you think the first man is kind? Explain. ______________________________________ 九. 完成句子。（每空1分, 共10分） 根据所给提示, 完成句子, 每空一词, 含缩略词 49. The boy fell off his bike last week. （改为否定句） The boy ________ ________ off his bike last week. 50. They prepared 50 bowls of vegetable soup for the dinner. （对划线部分提问） ________ ________ vegetable soup did they prepare for the dinner? 51. The boy draws better than any other student in his class. (改为同义句) The boy ________ ________ in his class. 52. 请计算一下这些东西需要多少钱。（完成译句） ________ ________ how much all these things will cost, please. 53. 你要么把它拿回家，要么把它留在这里。（完成译句） You can ________ take it home ________ leave it here. 十. 短文填空。（每空2分, 共16分） 根据下列短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。 What are you wearing today? Now, more and more young Chinese people are wearing hanfu. Ran Dan is one of them. She learned ___54___ hanfu in 2011 when she saw some hanfu photos. Some people o___55___ wear hanfu for special activities, but others wear it every day: to work, to school, or even to go shopping. Ran is the latter. “W___56___ hanfu is not just for fashion.” said Ran. “It makes us pay more ___57___ to the Chinese culture behind it.” The beauty of the Chinese Hanfu started thousands of years ago. It’s a symbol of Chinese beauty. Now many schools have hanfu clubs and ___58___ are popular with students. In the clubs, students can ___59___ in different kinds of activities like making hanfu. Students in hanfu clubs love hanfu very much ___60___ it’s exciting and relaxing to wear hanfu. The schools think students can spread Chinese culture and tell the world how much they are ___61___ of China. 十一. 书面表达。（20分） 62. 众所周知，身心健康对每个人都很重要。作为中学生，我们有时会遇到困难和烦恼，也偶尔会感到有压力。那如何才能保证我们的身心健康呢? 请根据下面的提示信息，以 How to Keep Healthy为题，写一篇英文短文。 要求： On weekdays I. Eat well, sleep well; 2. Do sports; 3. Talk with others and turn to them; 4. Do interesting and meaningful things. On weekends …(one or two suggestions of yours) 1 结构完整，要点齐全，并补充建议； 2. 表达通顺，语言规范，书写清晰； 3. 80字左右。 How to Keep Healthy _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$