2025年高考备考专题复习高中英语精选专项训练：阅读理解夹叙夹议类型(能力提高)

2025高考备考专题复习高中英语精选专项训练：阅读理解夹叙夹议类型(能力提高) 名校模拟预测 （2024·山西临汾·三模）When does spring begin? For some, it’s the second Sunday in March, when we turn our clocks forward by an hour in the United States. For others, it’s when they first realize they’ve finished dinner and it’s still light out. This year, impatient as ever for winter to end, I decided to skip my usual routine of calendar watching and see if I couldn’t do something to speed up spring’s arrival. It’s only a three-hour flight from La Guardia (rainy, cold), New York to West Palm Beach (sunny,81 degrees, slight breeze), Florida and from there an hour’s drive to Clover Park in Port St. Lucie, the spring training home of the New York Mets, where the traffic of more than 7,000 fans descended. Here in Port St. Lucie on a Tuesday afternoon, weeks before the season’s official start, cheery fans were dressed in lightweight clothing, drinking Modelo Especial and snacking on peanuts, heckling(起哄)the players. Here, spring was already happening. Being outdoors in the sunshine and fresh air, things do feel slower and easier. I love that baseball has long been considered America’s national pastime. A pastime is something that makes the passing of time pleasant. Isn’t that what we’re dying for in the winter months? Something that makes time not just tolerable but enjoyable? By the time I left Florida, it was pouring rain and even a little chilly. How was I supposed to take springtime home with me, I wondered fiercely. It was still raining in New York when I landed. Spring isn’t just weather, of course, and it certainly makes no promises about rain. I'm trying to resist cliché (陈词滥调), to keep from saying something similar to “spring is a state of mind,” even though I wish it were. I went looking for spring and I found it where spring breakers find it every year, already in full swing in the Sunshine State. My own official removal of woolen coats will occur on Tuesday, when spring finally arrives. But having experienced 24 hours of spring’s full pageant (盛会), my own little preseason, I feel slightly pacified. Perhaps I can be patient as spring establishes itself, and offer the season a little grace as it clicks into place. 1．What is presented in Paragraph 1? A．Spring falls on a fixed date. B．Spring came late this year. C．The author was longing for spring restlessly. D．The author was celebrating the end of winter. 2．How did the author find Port St. Lucie? A．A fast-paced world. B．Full of a joyful atmosphere. C．The birthplace of baseball. D．Home to delicious food. 3．What does the underlined word “pacified” in the last paragraph mean? A．Puzzled. B．Disappointed. C．Curious. D．Calm. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．In Search of Spring B．In Praise of Spring C．A Trip to Florida D．A Farewell to New York （2024·河南·三模）All three of my children were subject-matter experts before they even left primary school. My eldest son memorized every statistic on every football trading card he got his hands on. His brother knew hundreds of car makes and models by heart. And I’m sure that my daughter — a huge One Direction fan — remembered more facts about the band than they did! The experience of becoming an expert can bring long-term benefits for learning — and it’s never too late. “Having a specialist subject helps you learn anything,” says our memory expert, Jonathan Hancock, “There are good reasons for all of us to do a spot of specialist learning.” It schools our observation: a vital first step to remembering. Children are particularly good at seeing slight differences — like my younger son and his cars — then using them to organize information and inspire recall. But focused learning like this can push anyone to start noticing key details — ready to remember them. It gives us a mental framework (框架), to which we can attach unrelated ideas. Even when his trading-card period was over, my son often linked new numbers with stored-away sports statistics. Your own area of interest might help you by suggesting soundalike words for people’s names, or letting you “map” travel directions. It gets us learning in a variety of ways, often with the help of all our senses. My daughter’s pop knowledge was a rich mix of music, dances and colourful costumes, with precise facts. Burying yourself in a subject boosts your brain to work at its best. It restores our confidence to remember. We get to see what a difference it makes to be interested in something, to build up information in layers (层次), and to keep refreshing, testing and showing off what we know. It can give all our learning a boost. Why not pick a topic that interests you, find some books, take a course, join a club... and enjoy becoming at least an entry-level expert? Even a short spell of specialist study can reawaken learning skills that used to feel like child’s play. 5．What do the author’s children have in common? A．Having a variety of hobbies. B．Dreaming of being a top-class expert. C．Learning school subjects well. D．Showing exceptional talent in their areas. 6．Which probably belongs to a mental framework? A．Recognizing a pair of twins. B．Lecturing at an opening ceremony. C．Learning English by watching a film. D．Planning a tour route in a strange city. 7．What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To advocate. B．To confirm. C．To evaluate. D．To explain. 8．What can be the most suitable title for the text? A．Raise Children’s Memory B．Remember Like an Expert C．Reform Learning Methods D．Reawaken Learning Skills （2024·湖北襄阳·三模）I used to be anorexic (厌食的). I was skeletal, each of my rib bones jutted out, like ridges on my body; my head, which looked abnormally huge, was barely supported by my backbone. It would take an hour for me to eat a spoon of food. Should I attempt to eat to please my parents on teachers, I would lock myself in the toilet and throw up the food. I looked pale and weak all the time because of the lack of food. My family members were distressed. They cried a lot. It all started when a boy in my class called me “fat” I was devastated. I adopted an extremely strict diet and exercise routine. I lost 10kg within three months and continued to lose more weight. I was absolutely obsessed about losing even more weight. One day, my heart rate dropped and I was breathless. I almost lost my life. That was when I decided to turn my life around. Looking good is extremely important to a teenager. We want to look a certain way so we can be popular and accepted. We are attracted by well-toned and sculpted bodies. Now, with social media, we have access to a pool of photographs of people, whose bodies and appearances we admire. Those images make us envious. We long to be like them. We're in danger when we start to hate the way we look and take drastic measures to attain the body we dream of having. These measures can lead to eating disorders, unrealistic and unhealthy exercise habits, low self-esteem and depression. Besides affecting the physical health, teenagers who are body conscious can also suffer from mental instability. They may plunge into despair, guilt and hopelessness if they are unable to keep up with their rigid exercise routines or eating habits. They can be emotionally fragile too. They become sensitive to comments made by others. They are ashamed of the way they look. If you are currently experiencing these feelings, seek help before itis too late. It is important to feel confident and positive about your image and not subscribe to man-made standards of beauty, which will change with time. You are unique. 9．What can we infer about the author from the first two paragraphs? A．He developed a deadly disease. B．He was on an exceptionally strict diet. C．He was upset because of not achieving the goal. D．He was in bad condition due to food shortage. 10．Why did the author decide to turn his life around? A．To look good. B．To stay healthy. C．To satisfy his parents. D．To disappoint the boy. 11．What does the underlined word “drastic” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Extreme. B．Immediate. C．Temporary. D．Preventive. 12．What is the best title of this passage? A．Be unique. B．Seek beauty. C．Build your body. D．Accept your body. （2025·甘肃张掖·模拟预测）“What do you mean by this phrase? It’s incorrect and adds nothing to the sentence. Omit (省略).” Professor Jones’s critical feedback on my paper hurt me when I first read it. I scanned his comments for a “Good job!” or “I love this idea,” but they were nowhere to be found. Everyone likes warmth and encouragement, but purely positive affirmations (肯定) don’t communicate what can be improved. Research conducted on Character Lab Research Network finds that direct, useful feedback requiring students to revise their own work is more effective. For Professor Jones, this looked like a note at the end of another paper: “I’m sure things will improve as the term and year wear on.” However, feedback that does the work for a student—correcting a misspelled word, rewriting a sentence—can signal a teacher’s low expectations. When kids see comments that suggest what needs to be changed, they come to realize they can do things on their own and become more independent learners. As a bonus, this kind of feedback lets students know that their teacher believes in them. As for me, I was benedictory for Professor Jones’s pointed criticism which let me know that he took me seriously. He was expecting me to do better, and the detailed comments scrawled (潦草地写) on every page gave me the tools to improve. Teachers can add affirmations to their feedback as long as it’s not the only thing they’re doing. Don’t confuse warmth with promoting a growth mindset. Being nice isn’t the same as showing someone you believe they can improve. So give detailed feedback that sets young people up to take charge of their own learning. For example, instead of rewriting a sentence, say: “This is a run-on sentence. Try reading it out loud and add punctuation in places where you naturally take a breath.” Ask worth-exploring questions that inspire students to think about their approach, then let them revise on their own. When it comes to writing, the easiest path isn’t always the best one. 13．How did the author initially feel about Professor Jones’s feedback? A．Happy and motivated. B．Upset and disappointed. C．Indifferent and unconcerned. D．Confident and encouraged. 14．What is the key aspect of effective feedback mentioned in the article? A．It should be brief and to the point. B．It should be warm and encouraging. C．It should be written at the end of the paper. D．It should be up to students to fix their own work. 15．What does the underlined word “benedictory” mean in paragraph 4? A．Responsible. B．Generous. C．Regretful. D．Grateful. 16．What should teachers do when checking student’s paper according to the text? A．Give students general praise. B．Rewrite sentences for students. C．Provide students critical support. D．Show students corrected assignments. （2024·广东汕头·二模）When I was a child, the new year’s activity for my family is dumpling-making, but it’s been years since I’ve last experienced the uniquely carefree comfort and connection I felt during moments. My family has changed a lot, and gatherings like these simply don’t come together with the same ease as they once did. This year, I came home in the evening to a dark house with pieces missing. I noticed things that I wouldn’t have before, like how my family slept earlier and got up later and how my dog had more trouble jumping up on my bed. After all, it’s easier to become blind to its subtle changes when you occupy it virtually every day of the year, and much harder when you must be exposed to months of accumulated change all at once. Personally, the most precious childhood privilege is not the free extra snacks from flight attendants, but the privilege of thinking of the people and relationships around you with a sense of permanence. I mean this in the sense that it escaped my eight-year-old brain to think about how my parents were aging as I did or about the sacrifices they made for me until suddenly, I was an adult as they were. I turn 20 in a couple months, so I’ve been seized with a feeling of adulthood, which feels far stronger than the transition into legal adulthood at 18 ever felt. It seems as if the “teen” part of“19”keeps me attached to the same category as the one my newly 13-year-old self occupied, carrying with it a certain comfort in the social allowances made for the immaturity inherent (固有的) to youth. But marching into 20 is different. I’d so desperately wanted to move away and get a taste of independence upon starting college, but now I know that such freedom comes with loss and responsibility. Now I start to understand the governance of a circularity (循环) inherent to our lives and have a newfound appreciation for the things that remain the same. 17．What does the underlined word “subtle” in paragraph 2mean? A．Obvious. B．Sudden. C．Unusual. D．Unnoticeable. 18．Which of the following might the author agree with when he was eight? A．Everything would be the same. B．His parents were becoming old. C．Free extra snacks were common. D．His parents had done a lot to him. 19．In what way is 20 years old different according to the author? A．Physical maturity. B．The social expectation. C．The loss of freedom. D．The shift into legal adulthood. 20．What can be the best title of the passage? A．A newfound appreciation for life. B．The difference between teens and adults. C．My passing memories of childhood. D．My reflection on the switch into adulthood. （2024·辽宁·二模）Many of us seem to have lives that follow a certain way. From kindergarten all the way to getting married, every stage of our lives seems to be preset (预置). And although this works well for a lot of people, according to British scholar Jay Shetty, there is no “right” schedule to live our lives by. A few months ago, a video of Shetty’s speech “Before You Feel Pressure” became popular on the Internet across the world. In the video, he sends an important message that we should think “outside of the way” and have the courage to follow our hearts. As Shetty says in the video, we don’t have to get stressed and put ourselves in the race with our peers (同龄人) or judge our lives based on others’. “Everything in life happens according to our time, our clocks,” he says. In his inspiring speech, Shetty points out that UK author J. K. Rowing got her famous “Harry Potter” series published at age 32, after being turned down by 12 publishers. Shetty also mentions that Chinese businessman Jack Ma didn’t even start the Alibaba Group until he was 35 years old. So we shouldn’t let anyone rush us. As physicist Albert Einstein once said, “Not everything that counts can be counted, and not everything that is counted truly counts. The key to staying on our own tracks is to be patient and keep our own interest.” In Australian nurse Bronnie Ware’s best-selling book “The Top Five Regrets of the Dying”, she recorded the dying regrets of her patients, and the top one on the list was: “I wish I had the courage to live a life true to myself, not the one others expected of me.” Indeed, we are all unique in our personalities and gifts, and there is no perfect fit for all. We should listen to our inner voices and ignore what the world has taught us, and what we have picked up from people around us. “It is important to allow people to go back to being self-aware of their own interests, needs and concerns”, Shetty told the magazine. “It’s disconnecting from what makes sense to what actually moves you and what makes sense internally (内在的).” 21．What does Jay Shetty agree to? A．All people live their lives according to schedules. B．The stages of our lives should be preset. C．Few people have lives that follow a certain way. D．We can live our lives not according to the given way. 22．For what purpose does Shetty list three famous people? A．To show everyone can be a winner. B．To show great new life can begin anytime. C．To show hard work is the key to success. D．To show success does not happen in one’s youth. 23．What can we learn from Albert Einstein or Bronnie Ware? A．The top dying regret was not living the life people wanted. B．We should count and analyze everything in life. C．One should live a life as expected by others. D．Everything that is counted truly counts. 24．We can conclude from the last paragraph that ______. A．people should listen to others’ advice B．we should follow the heart and do what we want to do C．what makes sense should not be about what people care internally D．needs and concerns are not acceptable （2024·辽宁·模拟预测）“Quick, quick, slow, slow,” my husband said as I was trying to focus. We frequently stepped on each other’s feet. Both of us were being rhythmically challenged, and we figured a series of lessons might help us look somewhat elegant on the floor. However, it didn’t. It didn’t matter that the lessons didn’t pay off. Our learning something new together gave us a string of good memories, such as taking a Thai cooking class on a cold Chicago night and learning how to make classic cocktails (鸡尾酒) in a common bar. These experiences are my best memories from the past 10 years. We always have such a great time when we’re trying something new together. It seems to have strengthened our relationship, and makes me feel like we have a closer connection. It turns out that my theory is backed by research. One study shows that learning new things with your spouse (配偶), friends, or partners, can strengthen your connection or friendship. But how exactly does this work? The key is vulnerability (弱点). “Learning new things together strengthens bonds because it is at those moments that we can show our vulnerability to one another,” says Dr. Hisla Bates. When we are learning a new task, misfortunes and failures are bound to happen. In those moments when we fail, the other party can be there in favor of us. We can work together to find a solution, and working together helps deepen the connection. The benefits gained from learning new things with your partner can come from activities as small as hiking, trying a new recipe, going boating in the local lake or taking a fitness class together. You don’t have to go bungee jumping or skydiving to grow closer. Try selecting activities that both partners are unfamiliar with, as this will ensure you’re on the same page. Trying to learn something new together once a month will benefit you and your spouse or friends. Overall, some of my best memories with my husband are the moments when we are learning something new together. 25．What were the author and her husband doing in Paragraph 1? A．Playing sports. B．Practising dancing. C．Teaching lessons. D．Taking a walk. 26．What can we learn from the author’s experiences? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Good memories last a long time. C．Processes matter more than results. D．Well begun is half done. 27．Why does learning new things together strengthen partners’ relationship? A．It can encourage them to teach and praise each other. B．It helps improve the understanding of each other. C．It can reduce each other’s loneliness and boredom. D．It helps find each other’s weaknesses and offer support. 28．What’s the best title for the text? A．The power of learning new things together B．The advantages of taking different lessons C．The challenge of acquiring new knowledge D．The importance of improving people’s bonds （2024·江苏泰州·模拟预测）How long will it take you to read this article? On average, adults read about 240 words a minute, but I always take longer. I should probably feel embarrassed-but instead, I take joy in it. I got the habit of reading for pleasure from my mum. Reading is what I do first thing in the morning and last thing at night. But it’s always taken me a long time. When I started reviewing books, I was averaging 20 pages an hour. I have improved to about 30 pages, but that’s still slow, according to some literary critics. Book reviewers aren’t the only ones under pressure to read quickly. Pictures of “all the books I read this month” are all over social media. And reading has become a way of keeping up with the world. It is understandable that we try to make sense of events, but it can also fuel the idea that reading is a chore (苦差事), which it absolutely is not. Why would pleasure be equal to pace? My slow reading seems to be down to a combination of slower processing speeds, and “subvocalising” — sounding out words as I read them. But especially when it comes to the latter, I wouldn’t want to train myself to go faster. It was news to me that not everyone subvocalises, because one of my favourite things about reading is hearing the language in my mind. Without subvocalising, I wouldn’t have caught the music of those words. Recently, I finished a book of poetry. For two years, I read the poems each morning in the four minutes it took my coffee to be ready. It was a wonderful reminder that reading is never about quantity and always about the quality of time you spend with a text. So when you read, don’t stick a number on it ---- resolve to read for pleasure, not as a chore. 29．Why does the author like slow reading? A．It wins her fame online. B．It is a delightful practice. C．It comes from her mom. D．It helps her reach goals. 30．What do fast readers focus on? A．Quantity. B．Quality. C．Content. D．Sound. 31．What do the underlined words “the latter” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Slower processing speeds. B．Learning language. C．Combining speeds and sounds. D．Reading words out. 32．What would the author agree with? A．Reading is a demanding task. B．Pace equals reading pleasure. C．Beauty of words needs tasting. D．Poetry takes no effort to digest. （2024·四川·模拟预测）“We regret to inform you…” These are the words from a publisher that every writer fears receiving, but the words every writer knows well, even after sacrificing their weekends and free time. It’s common knowledge that success rarely happens overnight, but what may not be as widely recognized is that many highly successful writers have also faced rejection in their careers. Take for example J.K. Rowling. Upon receiving her first rejection letter, she stuck it on her kitchen wall, thinking she now shared the path with her favourite writers. After years of surviving on little money and dedicating all her time to writing, she finally completed her first book only to receive comments from publishers along the lines of “too difficult for children”, “too long”, and “uninteresting to children”. Nevertheless, she persevered (坚持). After twelve rejections, one publisher eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book, and Harry Potter became a global success, with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages. Perhaps the overall prize for perseverance should go to three sisters from Victorian England dreaming of seeing their words in print. This, however, was a time when women were not encouraged to become writers. As the then Poet Laureate, Robert Southey, wrote to one of them: “Literature cannot be the business of a woman’s life, and it ought not to be.” Nevertheless, the sisters didn’t stop trying. Their response was to write a book of poems under male names. Even when the book sold only two copies, the sisters still persevered. They started writing novels, and today Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre, Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights and Anne Bronte’s Agnes Grey are regarded as classics of world literature. So, it seems that talent alone isn’t enough to guarantee success. While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part, perseverance is the key. Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you...” 33．What is the common experience of many writers at the beginning of their careers? A．Becoming famous overnight. B．Knowing one another very well. C．Facing rejection from publishers. D．Feeling afraid of their weekends. 34．How did J.K. Rowling react to her first rejection letter? A．She was discouraged for quite a while. B．She regarded it as a form of inspiration. C．She immediately found another publisher. D．She turned to her favourite writers for help. 35．What is Robert Southey’s attitude to the Bronte sisters from Victorian England? A．Sympathetic. B．Disapproving. C．Supportive. D．Neutral. 36．What do the underlined words probably mean in the last paragraph? A．A job offer is provided for you. B．You need to make further efforts. C．Success or acceptance comes to you. D．You win a literary award for your book. （2024·河南·模拟预测）I was taught at a young age to be afraid rather than to experience life. Don’t ride a bike because you might get hit by a car. Don’t swim because you might drown. That’s why I was initially afraid to approach others. They might say no—how could I live with that rejection? A book changed me. Near the end of the book, the writer suggested trying out what I had just read but to pretend it was like the training game in a sport—when the games didn’t count. When my teams would lose formal games, I couldn’t bear to watch. But when they lost in the training game, I didn’t care. I don’t know why the suggestion to pretend my attempts didn’t count could resonate with me. But I knew this new way of thinking worked for me. It gave me power to know the results didn’t matter because this was the exhibition game when I was practicing what I had learned before the real games started. I discovered there were other ways to use this new tool. It allowed me to have a successful sales career, even though I heard the word “no” hundreds of times. It was part of the business, but I didn’t let it get me down. I turned a negative into a positive by reasoning that every time I heard the word “no”, it meant I was one step closer to “yes”. It’s amazing how powerful you feel when you remove the fear that stops you from going after what you want in life. I still work my sales job, and we have a lot of high-school and college students working at the company. I will pass on the advice that I learned many years ago and encourage them to use that idea for whatever they want to achieve. 37．Which word can describe the author when he was young? A．Stubborn. B．Out-going. C．Confident. D．Dissociable. 38．Which statement is in line with the opinion of the book writer? A．The training games are also important. B．Whatever the game is, it doesn’t count. C．Just have a try and downplay the results. D．Don’t worry about life’s gains and losses. 39．What does the underlined word “resonate” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Cope. B．Deal. C．Fight. D．Agree. 40．What does the author think of rejections in his work? A．Positive results. B．Steps to success. C．Excuses to escape. D．Unbeatable strikes. （2024·天津和平·二模）Every bookstore in Beijing used to have a massive fiction room piled to the ceiling with great books. These days, you’re as likely as not to find that those rooms have been shrunk down to the size of a solitary (单独的) table thickly covered with the latest releases and best-selling novels. This, however, begs the question: Is fiction dying out, or is print media finally succumbing to (屈服于) its electronic and audio copy rivals (对手)? Now that Kindle is leaving China, some say that maybe people will get back to traditional reading. I doubt it, however. This downward reading trend has been evident for a long time now. When Jeff Bezos first launched Kindle, Steve Jobs from Apple said it would fail because “people don’t read anymore. It doesn’t matter how good or bad the product is.” But I don’t think reading itself is dying. It is merely becoming more functional — in other words, something you have to do in order to get some tangible (实际的) benefit. Gone are the days when people just read for fun. Why lumber (迫使担负) through a musty old book when you can watch an action movie or play a video game? Of course, people know that these are poor substitutes (替代品) for a good book. In fact, there is nothing better than getting lost in a great book. I remember reading Shackleton, the British polar explorer, when I was a boy. After turning over the last leaf of this extraordinary adventure, I felt as if I, too, had just been to the South Pole and back. This imaginary achievement translated into a sense of confidence which must have been infectious, as soon afterwards all of my friends were themselves picking up books to read for fun. Psychologists say that you are the average of the five friends you surround yourself with. We can learn from them and they can also come to have a profound effect on our own habits and mindset. In this way, a book, too, can be a mentor (导师). The ideas, advice, mindset, and experiences of other people living in other times can get transmitted to us down through the pages of a good book. In the age of fragmented (碎片化的) information, the winners will be those who can stay focused. However, in a world that easily gets distracted, deep reading seems to be getting further away from us. Our biggest problem is not Kindle’s departure from China, but our own departure from reality. Great books transmit universal truths; get them read. How exactly you do so is up to you. 41．The author mentioned Kindle in the text to _______. A．praise its convenience and popularity in reading B．explore the reason for the decline of print media C．highlight the decreasing trend of traditional reading D．show our regret for its departure from China’s market 42．Which of the following statements is true about Shackleton according to the passage? A．He is famous for imaginary writing. B．He finds nothing better than an old book. C．He visited the South Pole many times himself. D．His adventure story influenced the author a lot. 43．We can benefit a lot from reading according to the author except that _______. A．we can be influenced by positive ideas B．we’d surround ourselves with good friends C．we can learn from other people’s experiences D．we can develop good habits and ways of thinking 44．The author probably agrees that _______. A．great books are more popular than action movies B．we should avoid being distracted by modern technology C．reading great books can help us stay focused D．traditional reading will eventually disappear 45．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．It’s necessary to find a better substitutes for books like Kindle. B．We should read more in order to escape from reality. C．We need to face the reality that reading is becoming less popular. D．We have to accept the fact that Kindle is leaving China. 46．What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To discuss the future trend of reading. B．To advocate the benefits of reading. C．To analyze the reasons for the decline of reading. D．To compare different forms of reading. （2024·河北唐山·一模）When I started Social-Engineer, I just left a company that was amazing. It was like a family. The pain of leaving was real for me and like all family separation, it wasn’t 100% smooth. I was heartbroken to leave but wanted to take every lesson I learned to my new company. I was determined to also take all the good memories with me. Yes, there were mistakes from both sides of the fence but instead of focusing on those, I went away remembering all the great times, life lessons and growth I had gifted to me. I figured I would grow my company by being a nice man and working hard, and never demanding more from my people than I was willing to give, believing this approach would earn respect and effort in return. I would say things to myself like, “Well, I did this, so they should do that.” Or “I am this way, so they should be that way.” And to be honest, it felt real. It felt like it was an honest evaluation. But... But... But... I started to have people problems. I am a very strong, direct communicator and although in many ways that is a strength, it can be a weakness in other ways. I often hurt people’s feelings. Even though I was very self-aware of this, I still messed up. Now this is odd to admit out loud for a company that basically focuses on helping dozens of companies make huge changes. I went to see a psychologist. Natasha actively listened to all I said and then every now and then presented a thought as a question or a mild statement. She wanted to challenge me to change, challenge me to expand my thoughts. I was in my session with Natasha and I was saying things like this: “I gave this person tens of thousands of dollars in a raise in one year, they should be more appreciative.” “I have a great salary, benefits and support package, this person should have been more thankful.” Natasha stopped me and said, “Well, you just SHOULD all over yourself, didn’t you? Did you pay for devotion? Did you pay for honor? Did you pay for appreciation?” The sad answer was NO. “You want to see the change that you so desire — then be the change,” Natasha said. She then mentioned Bruce Lee, who said “Empty your mind, be formless. Shapeless, like water. If you put water into a cup, it becomes the cup. You put water into a bottle and it becomes the bottle... Now, water can flow or it can crash. Be water, my friend.” I know what I should do. Will you join me? 47．Why was the author confident about his company management? A．He believed he was gifted for it. B．His employees were well qualified. C．He had lessons and work principles. D．His previous mistakes had been removed. 48．What are the author’s problems rooted in? A．The rigid rules. B．The lack of vision. C．The company’s focus. D．The author’s social skill. 49．What did Natasha conclude from the session? A．The author fell into a thinking trap. B．The employees expected too much. C．The author was not really committed. D．The employees were victims of management. 50．What does the author invite us to do? A．Read Bruce Lee. B．Learn to change. C．Take more duties. D．Desire less for more. （18-19高三上·上海浦东新·期中）What was the best gift I ever received? Well, I’m a music lover, so I’d have to say it was either a Spotify subscription or my top-of-the-range Sony MDR-7506 headphones. Together they’ve provided me with countless hours of high-quality audio accompaniment. Growing up in a loving, well-off family in one of the richest countries in the world, what more could I want? Giving gifts to loved ones is great: it’s a rewarding way to spread joy and strengthen friendships and family ties. But at this time of year I’m always reminded of how many people not only get no presents but also lack the basics to allow them to live healthy lives. For me, luxury headphones were the perfect gift; for the world’s poorest, it would be nutritious food, clean water and health care. The poorest 10% of the world’s population, some 700 million people, live on less than $1.90 per day. And that’s adjusting for local purchasing power: they live on what $1.90 would buy in the U.S. Faced with this kind of budget, and often geographically isolated, they are forced to eat whatever they can find and drink and wash in unsafe water. They can only pray that they don’t succumb to malnutrition, malaria or any number of other diseases that, while perfectly curable in rich countries, frequently ruin or end lives in the developing world. I don’t seek to make anyone feel guilty for exchanging luxury goods with the people they love. But it seems to me that there’s another type of giving that is, if anything, even more profound: giving the basics of life to those most in need. Sure, you might not get a thank-you letter(who does these days?), but you’ll have done something extraordinary. However, I’m not just interested in people giving more to charity(although that is important). I’m also passionate about people giving smarter, because where you give can make a huge difference on the impact you’ll have. What do I mean by that? Well, to start with, there’s a reason I’ve been talking about the developing world. Even average earners in the West are incredibly rich compared with the global poor, so a sum of money considered moderate for some could make a huge difference in the poorest countries. That’s not to say that all developing world poverty-relief charities ate good at making a difference—that’s certainly not the case. Plenty of money donated in good faith is lost to local corruption, poor administration or programs of intervention that sound great in theory but don’t achieve much in practice. As a result, it’s crucial to look at the effectiveness of the work a charity does before committing your money. How much good does it achieve for each dollar donated? Is there robust evidence for the impact of its programs? It’s not always easy for people to find the answers, but they are vital questions to ask. That’s why there are now organizations devoted to finding and promoting the best charities. As part of the  effective-altruism(利他主义)  movements,  they  are  dedicated  to  helping  people  make  the biggest possible difference with their donations. I love my music, and I love my headphones. But this year, the best gift I could get is to see as many people as possible giving generously to the most effective charities in the world. 51．What does the phrase “succumb to”(paragraph 3, line 5)mean? A．be unaffected by B．cease opposition to C．be unconnected with D．help to cause 52．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．The author thinks that people giving luxury gifts to the ones they love should feel guilty. B．The author believes that there is nothing more he wants because he grows up in very rich family. C．The author argues that compared with those poor, an ordinary worker in the West doesn’t earn much. D．The author says that some diseases which might be deadly in poor countries can be cured in developed countries. 53．Which of the following statements can you possibly infer from the passage? A．People used to receive a letter of compliment from the receiver after they donated money to charities. B．Giving smarter means that those who donate should know clearly how the charity works with the government. C．Some charity programs fail to achieve much and seem to be less effective because they are not very practical. D．The organizations devoted to finding the best charities aim to appeal to people to donate more money. 54．Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A．Giving the basics of life to those in need B．Giving best gifts to your beloved ones C．Making the best gift count D．The effective-altruism movement 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要描述了作者对于春天的渴望和寻找春天的过程。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“This year, impatient as ever for winter to end, I decided to skip my usual routine of calendar watching and see if I couldn’t do something to speed up spring’s arrival.(今年，和往年一样，我迫不及待地希望冬天结束，我决定不再按惯例盯着日历看，而是看看自己能不能做些什么来加速春天的到来。)”可推知，作者焦急地盼望着春天的到来。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Here in Port St. Lucie on a Tuesday afternoon, weeks before the season’s official start, cheery fans were dressed in lightweight clothing, drinking Modelo Especial and snacking on peanuts, heckling(起哄)the players. Here, spring was already happening.(在圣露西港，一个周二的下午，距离赛季正式开始还有几周的时间，兴高采烈的球迷们穿着轻便的衣服，喝着Modelo special，吃着花生，向球员起哄。在这里，春天已经来临。)”可知，作者认为圣露西港充满欢乐的气氛。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据上文“But having experienced 24 hours of spring’s full pageant (盛会), my own little preseason(但在经历了24小时的春天盛会之后，我自己也提前进入了春季前的准备阶段)”和下文“Perhaps I can be patient as spring establishes itself, and offer the season a little grace as it clicks into place.(也许我可以在春天到来的时候保持耐心，在春天到来的时候给这个季节增添一点优雅。)”可知，作者提前感受到了春天的美好，因此感到内心平静，不再那么急切地期待春天的到来。因此，pacified意为“平静的”，选项D“平静的”最符合文意。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“This year, impatient as ever for winter to end, I decided to skip my usual routine of calendar watching and see if I couldn’t do something to speed up spring’s arrival.(今年，和往年一样，我迫不及待地希望冬天结束，我决定不再按惯例盯着日历看，而是看看自己能不能做些什么来加速春天的到来。)”和文章最后一段“I went looking for spring and I found it where spring breakers find it every year, already in full swing in the Sunshine State.(我去寻找春天，我在每年春假的地方找到了它，在阳光之州已经如火如荼了。)”可知，文章主要描述了作者对于春天的渴望和寻找春天的过程。A项“In Search of Spring（寻找春天）”概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选A。 5．D 6．D 7．A 8．D 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者三个孩子在小的时候就对某一领域有着深入的了解和专业知识。文章通过实例阐述了成为某个领域的专家对学习带来的长期益处，包括培养观察力，提供心理框架，多样化的学习方式以及增强自信心等。最后鼓励读者选择自己感兴趣的领域进行深入学习，即使是短期的专业学习也能激发出曾经像孩子玩耍的学习技能。 5．推理判断题。根据第一段中“All three of my children were subject-matter experts before they even left primary school. My eldest son memorized every statistic on every football trading card he got his hands on. His brother knew hundreds of car makes and models by heart. And I’m sure that my daughter—a huge One Direction fan—remembered more facts about the band than they did! The experience of becoming an expert can bring long-term benefits for learning—and it’s never too late.”（我的三个孩子在小学毕业之前就已经是学科专家了。我的大儿子记住了他拿到的每一张足球交易卡上的每一个数据。他哥哥对数百种汽车的品牌和型号都熟记于心。我敢肯定，我的女儿——一个One Direction乐队的超级粉丝——记得更多关于乐队的事情！成为专家的经历可以为学习带来长期的好处，而且永远不会太晚。）可推知，作者的孩子都在各自的领域表现出非凡的天赋。故选D项。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段“It gives us a mental framework (框架), to which we can attach unrelated ideas. Even when his trading-card period was over, my son often linked new numbers with stored-away sports statistics. Your own area of interest might help you by suggesting soundalike words for people’s names, or letting you “map” travel directions.”（它给了我们一个心理框架，我们可以把不相关的想法附加到这个框架上。即使他的交易卡期结束了，我儿子也经常把新号码和储存的体育数据联系起来。你自己感兴趣的领域可能会对你有所帮助，比如为人们的名字提供发音相似的单词，或者让你“绘制”旅行路线。）可知，在一个陌生的城市规划旅游路线可能属于一个心理框架。故选D项。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Why not pick a topic that interests you, find some books, take a course, join a club ... and enjoy becoming at least an entry-level expert? Even a short spell of specialist study can reawaken learning skills that used to feel like child’s play.”（为什么不选择一个你感兴趣的话题，找一些书，参加一个课程，加入一个俱乐部……享受成为至少一个入门级的专家？即使是短时间的专业学习也能重新唤醒过去感觉像孩子玩耍的学习技能。）可推知，最后一段的目的是表明作者提倡的做法。故选A项。 8．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“Why not pick a topic that interests you, find some books, take a course, join a club ... and enjoy becoming at least an entry-level expert? Even a short spell of specialist study can reawaken learning skills that used to feel like child’s play.”（为什么不选择一个你感兴趣的话题，找一些书，参加一个课程，加入一个俱乐部……享受成为至少一个入门级的专家？即使是短时间的专业学习也能重新唤醒过去感觉像孩子玩耍的学习技能。）可知，文章主要讲述了鼓励读者选择自己感兴趣的领域进行深入学习，即使是短期的专业学习也能激发出曾经像孩子玩耍般的学习技能。因此本文的最佳标题是“重新唤醒学习技能”。故选D项。 9．B 10．B 11．A 12．D 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者以自己的亲身经历讲述了厌食症对身体的危害，告诫人们要接纳自己的身体，不要盲目听从他人。 9．推理判断题。根据第二段中“It would take an hour for me to eat a spoon of food. Should I attempt to eat to please my parents on teachers, I would lock myself in the toilet and throw up the food. I looked pale and weak all the time because of the lack of food.(我吃一勺食物要花一个小时。如果我试图吃东西来取悦我的父母或老师，我会把自己锁在厕所里，把食物吐出来。由于缺乏食物，我总是脸色苍白，身体虚弱)”和第三段中“I adopted an extremely strict diet and exercise routine.(我采取了极其严格的饮食和锻炼习惯)”可知，作者在严格节食，故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据第三段中“One day, my heart rate dropped and I was breathless. I almost lost my life. That was when I decided to turn my life around.(有一天，我的心率下降，我上气不接下气。我差点丢了命。从那时起，我决定改变我的生活)”可知，作者节食健康出现问题甚至丧命，所以才决心改变，故选B。 11．词义猜测题。第三段中“I adopted an extremely strict diet and exercise routine. I lost 10kg within three months and continued to lose more weight. I was absolutely obsessed about losing even more weight. One day, my heart rate dropped and I was breathless. I almost lost my life.(我采取了极其严格的饮食和锻炼习惯。我在三个月内减掉了10公斤，而且还在继续减重。我完全痴迷于减掉更多的体重。有一天，我的心率下降，我上气不接下气。我差点丢了命)”谈到作者自己极端节食并造成巨大危害的例子，由此推知划线词所在句意为“当我们开始讨厌自己的外表，并采取激烈的措施来获得我们梦想拥有的身体时，我们就处于危险之中”，drastic意为“极端的”，故选A。 12．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段“It is important to feel confident and positive about your image and not subscribe to man-made standards of beauty, which will change with time. You are unique.(对自己的形象保持自信和积极是很重要的，不要遵从人造的美丽标准，这些标准会随着时间的推移而改变。你是独一无二的)”可知，作者根据自身节食的例子告诫人们要接受自己的身体，尤其是最后一段点出本文主旨，故选D。 13．B 14．D 15．D 16．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章强调了建设性的反馈对学生学习的重要性。作者通过自己论文被批评的经历，认识到直接且有用的反馈比单纯鼓励更有助于改进。研究显示，要求学生修改作业的直接反馈更有效，而过于温和的反馈可能暗示低期望。作者认为，教师应该提供建设性的反馈，激发学生的独立学习能力，帮助学生真正取得进步。 13．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Professor Jones’s critical feedback on my paper hurt me when I first read it. I scanned his comments for a “Good job!” or “I love this idea,” but they were nowhere to be found. (当我第一次读到Jones教授对我论文的批评时，我很伤心。我浏览了他的评论，寻找“干得好！”或“我喜欢这个主意”，但这些都找不到)”可知，此时作者因为读到批评很伤心，而且没有找到任何积极的评论。由此可知，作者一开始对Jones教授的反馈感到沮丧和失望。故选B项。 14．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Research conducted on Character Lab Research Network finds that direct, useful feedback requiring students to revise their own work is more effective. (在性格实验室研究网络上进行的研究发现，要求学生修改自己的作业的直接、有用的反馈更有效)”可知，文章中提到的有效反馈的关键方面是，应该由学生来修改自己的作业。故选D项。 15．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“Professor Jones’s pointed criticism which let me know that he took me seriously. He was expecting me to do better, and the detailed comments scrawled (潦草地写) on every page gave me the tools to improve. (Jones教授尖锐的批评让我知道他是认真对待我的。他希望我做得更好，而在每一页上潦草的详细评论给了我改进的手段)”可知，作者意识到Jones教授的批评实际上表明他在认真对待自己，切实地帮助自己进行改进。由此可知，作者对此应该充满感激，画线词意思应该是“感激的”，与Grateful意思一致。故选D项。 16．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Don’t confuse warmth with promoting a growth mindset. Being nice isn’t the same as showing someone you believe they can improve. So give detailed feedback that sets young people up to take charge of their own learning. (不要把温暖和促进成长的心态混为一谈。友善并不等于向别人展示你相信他们可以进步。所以要给他们详细的反馈，让他们能够自主学习。)”可知，老师在检查学生的作业时，应该培养学生成长的心态，通过给出详细的反馈，让他们自己去进行改进。由此可知，老师应该为学生提供关键支持。故选C项。 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．D 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者从小到大对于于周围人关系的思考。 17．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“This year, I came home in the evening to a dark house with pieces missing. I noticed things that I wouldn’t have before, like how my family slept earlier and got up later and how my dog had more trouble jumping up on my bed.(今年，我晚上回到家，发现屋子里一片漆黑，有些东西不见了。我注意到一些我以前没有注意到的事情，比如我的家人睡得更早，起得更晚，我的狗在我的床上跳起来更困难)”以及后文“changes when you occupy it virtually every day of the year, and much harder when you must be exposed to months of accumulated change all at once”可知，作者突然注意到一些不同的事情，以前没有注意到是因为每天都住在这里，变化不明显，而当你必须同时面对几个月来积累的变化时，就更难了。故划线词意思是“不明显的”。故选D。 18．细节理解题。根据第三段“Personally, the most precious childhood privilege is not the free extra snacks from flight attendants, but the privilege of thinking of the people and relationships around you with a sense of permanence. I mean this in the sense that it escaped my eight-year-old brain to think about how my parents were aging as I did or about the sacrifices they made for me until suddenly, I was an adult as they were.(就我个人而言，最珍贵的童年特权不是空乘人员提供的免费额外零食，而是以一种永恒的感觉来思考周围的人和关系的特权。我这么说的意思是，在我8岁的时候，我没有想到我的父母是如何像我一样变老的，或者他们为我做出的牺牲，直到突然之间，我和他们一样成为了成年人)”可知，作者8岁认为一切都会是一样的。故选A。 19．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It seems as if the “teen” part of“19”keeps me attached to the same category as the one my newly 13-year-old self occupied, carrying with it a certain comfort in the social allowances made for the immaturity inherent (固有的) to youth. But marching into 20 is different.(“19”的“青少年”部分似乎把我和刚满13岁的我归为一类，社会对年轻人固有的不成熟给予了宽容，这给我带来了某种安慰。但迈入20年就不同了)”可知，在作者看来，20岁的人社会期望不同。故选B。 20．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I’d so desperately wanted to move away and get a taste of independence upon starting college, but now I know that such freedom comes with loss and responsibility. Now I start to understand the governance of a circularity (循环) inherent to our lives and have a newfound appreciation for the things that remain the same.(刚上大学的时候，我非常想搬出去，体验一下独立的滋味，但现在我知道，这种自由伴随着损失和责任。现在我开始理解我们生活中固有的循环规律，并对保持不变的事物有了新的欣赏)”结合文章主要讲述了作者从小到大对于于周围人关系的思考。可知，D选项“我对转变为成年人的思考”最符合文章标题。故选D。 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．B 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了在人们的成长过程中，没有固定的模式，不要让别人打乱自己的人生的节奏，应该根据自己的内心去追求梦想。 21．细节理解题。由文章第一段“Many of us seem to have lives that follow a certain way. From kindergarten all the way to getting married, every stage of our lives seems to be preset (预置). And although this works well for a lot of people, according to British scholar Jay Shetty, there is no “right” schedule to live our lives by. (我们中的许多人似乎都按照某种方式生活。从幼儿园一直到结婚，我们生活的每一个阶段似乎都是预先设定好的。根据英国学者Jay Shetty的说法，尽管这对很多人来说都很有效，但我们的生活并没有“正确”的时间表。)”及第二段中“In the video, he sends an important message that we should think “outside of the way” and have the courage to follow our hearts. As Shetty says in the video, we don’t have to get stressed and put ourselves in the race with our peers (同龄人) or judge our lives based on others’. “Everything in life happens according to our time, our clocks,” he says. (在视频中，他传达了一个重要的信息，即我们应该“跳出常规”思考，并有勇气追随自己的内心。正如谢蒂在视频中所说，我们没有必要感到压力，让自己与同龄人竞争，也没有必要根据别人的生活来评判自己的生活。他说：“生活中的每件事都是根据我们的时间和生物钟发生的。”)”可知，Jay Shetty认为我们不必按照既定的方式生活。故选D。 22．推理判断题。由第三段中“In his inspiring speech, Shetty points out that UK author J. K. Rowing got her famous “Harry Potter” series published at age 32, after being turned down by 12 publishers. Shetty also mentions that Chinese businessman Jack Ma didn’t even start the Alibaba Group until he was 35 years old. So we shouldn’t let anyone rush us. (在他鼓舞人心的演讲中，Shetty指出，英国作家J. K. Rowing在被12家出版商拒绝后，在32岁时出版了她著名的《哈利波特》系列。Shetty还提到，中国商人马云直到35岁才创办阿里巴巴集团。所以我们不能让任何人催我们。)”可知，Shetty列举名人的例子是为了表明伟大的新生活可以在任何时刻开始，不必拘泥于年龄或社会预期的时间表。故选B。 23．推理判断题。由第四段中“As physicist Albert Einstein once said, “Not everything that counts can be counted, and not everything that is counted truly counts. The key to staying on our own tracks is to be patient and keep our own interest.” In Australian nurse Bronnie Ware’s best-selling book “The Top Five Regrets of the Dying”, she recorded the dying regrets of her patients, and the top one on the list was: “I wish I had the courage to live a life true to myself, not the one others expected of me.” (正如物理学家Albert Einstein曾经说过的：“不是所有重要的东西都能被计算，也不是所有被计算的东西都真正有价值。”保持在自己的轨道上的关键是要有耐心，保持自己的兴趣。”在澳大利亚护士Bronnie Ware的畅销书《临终的五大遗憾》中，她记录了她的病人临终的遗憾，其中排名第一的是：“我希望我有勇气过真实的自己的生活，而不是别人对我的期望。”)”可以，推断出A选项最为接近，即人们最大的遗憾是没有活出自己想要的生活。故选A。 24．推理判断题。由最后一段“Indeed, we are all unique in our personalities and gifts, and there is no perfect fit for all. We should listen to our inner voices and ignore what the world has taught us, and what we have picked up from people around us. “It is important to allow people to go back to being self-aware of their own interests, needs and concerns”, Shetty told the magazine. “It’s disconnecting from what makes sense to what actually moves you and what makes sense internally (内在的).” (的确，我们每个人的个性和天赋都是独一无二的，没有完美的适合所有人。我们应该倾听自己内心的声音，忽略世界教给我们的东西，以及我们从周围的人那里学到的东西。谢蒂在接受该杂志采访时表示：“让人们重新意识到自己的兴趣、需求和担忧是很重要的。”“它脱离了有意义的东西，脱离了真正能打动你的东西，脱离了内心的意义。”)”可知，我们应该跟随自己的心，做我们想做的事情。故选B。 25．B 26．C 27．D 28．A 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己和丈夫经常一起学习新东西的经历并结合科学研究发现论述了自己的观点——一起尝试学习一些新东西有利于加深亲密关系。 25．推理判断题。根据第一段前两句““Quick, quick, slow, slow,” my husband said as I was trying to focus. We frequently stepped on each other’s feet.(“快，快，慢，慢。”我丈夫在我努力集中注意力的时候说。我们经常互相踩对方的脚。)”可知，第一段中作者和丈夫在练习跳舞。故选B。 26．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句到第三句“It didn’t matter that the lessons didn’t pay off. Our learning something new together gave us a string of good memories, such as taking a Thai cooking class on a cold Chicago night and learning how to make classic cocktails (鸡尾酒) in a common bar. These experiences are my best memories from the past 10 years.(这些教训没有得到回报并不重要。我们一起学习新的东西给我们带来了一系列美好的回忆，比如在芝加哥一个寒冷的夜晚上泰国烹饪课，在一家普通酒吧学习如何制作经典鸡尾酒。这些经历是我过去10年最美好的回忆。)”可知，从作者的经历中可以了解到过程比结果更重要。故选C。 27．细节理解题。根据第三段第三句到最后一句“But how exactly does this work? The key is vulnerability (弱点). “Learning new things together strengthens bonds because it is at those moments that we can show our vulnerability to one another,” says Dr. Hisla Bates. When we are learning a new task, misfortunes and failures are bound to happen. In those moments when we fail, the other party can be there in favor of us. We can work together to find a solution, and working together helps deepen the connection.(但这究竟是如何起作用的呢？关键是弱点。海斯拉·贝茨博士说：“一起学习新事物加强了我们之间的联系，因为正是在这些时刻，我们可以向彼此展示我们的弱点。”当我们学习一项新任务时，不幸和失败是不可避免的。当我们失败的时候，另一方会支持我们。我们可以共同努力寻找解决方案，共同努力有助于加深联系。)”可知，一起学习新事物能加强伴侣之间的关系是因为这有助于发现彼此的弱点并提供支持。故选D。 28．主旨大意题。根据第二段“It didn’t matter that the lessons didn’t pay off. Our learning something new together gave us a string of good memories, such as taking a Thai cooking class on a cold Chicago night and learning how to make classic cocktails (鸡尾酒) in a common bar. These experiences are my best memories from the past 10 years. We always have such a great time when we’re trying something new together. It seems to have strengthened our relationship, and makes me feel like we have a closer connection.(这些教训没有得到回报并不重要。我们一起学习新的东西给我们带来了一系列美好的回忆，比如在芝加哥寒冷的夜晚上泰国烹饪课，在一家普通酒吧学习如何制作经典鸡尾酒。这些经历是我过去10年最美好的回忆。我们一起尝试新事物的时候总是很开心。这似乎加强了我们的关系，让我觉得我们有了更紧密的联系。)”和最后一段“Trying to learn something new together once a month will benefit you and your spouse or friends. Overall, some of my best memories with my husband are the moments when we are learning something new together.(每个月一起尝试学习一些新东西对你和你的配偶或朋友都有好处。总的来说，我和我丈夫最美好的回忆就是我们一起学习新东西的时刻。)”可知，作者主要是想阐明一起尝试学习一些新东西有利于加深亲密关系。故选A。 29．B 30．A 31．D 32．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲的是阅读的速度与乐趣之间的关系，以及作者对于慢阅读的享受和坚持。作者提到自己虽然阅读速度较慢，但乐在其中，并且从妈妈那里养成了为乐趣而阅读的习惯。 29．推理判断题。根据第一段“On average, adults read about 240 words a minute, but I always take longer. I should probably feel embarrassed-but instead, I take joy in it.(成年人平均每分钟阅读240个单词，但我总是花更多的时间。我可能会感到尴尬，但我却乐在其中)”可推知，作者喜欢慢读是因为这是一种令人愉快的做法。故选B。 30．推理判断题。根据第三段“Pictures of “all the books I read this month” are all over social media.(社交媒体上到处都是“我这个月读过的所有书”的照片)”和倒数第二段“It was a wonderful reminder that reading is never about quantity and always about the quality of time you spend with a text.(这是一个很好的提醒，阅读不在于阅读的数量，而在于阅读时间的质量)”可推知，快速阅读者关注数量。故选A。 31．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“My slow reading seems to be down to a combination of slower processing speeds, and “subvocalising” — sounding out words as I read them.(我的阅读速度慢似乎是由于处理速度较慢和“默读”——在阅读时读出单词)”和“But especially when it comes to the latter(但特别是当涉及到后者时)”可知，the latter指的是“在阅读时读出单词”，即Reading words out。故选D。 32．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“It was news to me that not everyone subvocalises, because one of my favourite things about reading is hearing the language in my mind.  Without subvocalising, I wouldn’t have caught the music of those words.(对我来说，并不是每个人都能默读，因为我最喜欢阅读的一件事就是在脑海中听到语言。如果没有默念，我就听不出这些话的音乐)”可推知，作者可能会同意的是语言之美需要品尝。故选C。 33．C 34．B 35．B 36．C 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过J.K. Rowling和Bronte姐妹的故事，强调了坚持和毅力对于克服挑战、实现梦想的重要性。 33．细节理解题。根据第一段中“These are the words from a publisher that every writer fears receiving, but the words every writer knows well, even after sacrificing their weekends and free time. It’s common knowledge that success rarely happens overnight, but what may not be as widely recognized is that many highly successful writers have also faced rejection in their careers. (这是每个作家都害怕收到的出版商的话，但每个作家都知道这句话，即使牺牲了他们的周末和空闲时间。众所周知，成功很少是一夜之间发生的，但可能没有被广泛认识到的是，许多非常成功的作家在他们的职业生涯中也面临过拒绝)”可知，许多作家在其职业生涯之初的共同经历是面临出版商的拒绝。故选C项。 34．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Upon receiving her first rejection letter, she stuck it on her kitchen wall, thinking she now shared the path with her favourite writers. (收到第一封退稿信后，她把它贴在厨房的墙上，以为自己现在和自己最喜欢的作家们分享了这条路)”可知，J.K. Rowling将退稿信视为一种激励。故选B项。 35．推理判断题。根据第三段中“This, however, was a time when women were not encouraged to become writers. As the then Poet Laureate, Robert Southey, wrote to one of them: ‘Literature cannot be the business of a woman’s life, and it ought not to be.’(然而，那是一个不鼓励妇女成为作家的时代。正如当时的桂冠诗人Robert Southey写给其中一位女性的信中所说：‘文学不能成为女性一生的事业，也不应该成为。’)”可推知，Robert Southey对维多利亚时代的英国Bronte姐妹是不赞同的。故选B项。 36．词句猜测题。划线词句前文“So, it seems that talent alone isn’t enough to guarantee success. While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part, perseverance is the key. (所以，似乎只有天赋并不足以保证成功。虽然大量的努力和一点点运气起了作用，但毅力是关键)”说明大量的努力和一点运气，关键还需要有毅力决定着写作上的成功，从而推知，划线词句“Keep trying and eventually you will read the words ‘We are delighted to inform you...’(继续尝试，最终你会看到‘We are delighted to inform you……’)”其中划线部分意思是“写作上的成功，你的作品被接受了”。故选C项。 37．D 38．C 39．D 40．B 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者从小被教导要存敬畏之心，而不是大胆地去体验生活，造成了他的自我封闭。直到他读到一本书，建议他看淡结果，勇于尝试，使他从此走在成功之路上。 37．推理判断题。根据第一段中“I was taught at a young age to be afraid rather than to experience life. Don’t ride a bike because you might get hit by a car. Don’t swim because you might drown. That’s why I was initially afraid to approach others.(我很小的时候就被教导要谨慎，而不是去体验生活。不要骑自行车，因为你可能会被汽车撞到。不要游泳，因为你可能会淹死。这就是为什么我一开始害怕接近别人。)”可知，作者小时候不善于交际。故选D项。 38．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Near the end of the book, the writer suggested trying out what I had just read but to pretend it was like the training game in a sport—when the games didn’t count. (在书的最后，作者建议尝试一下我刚刚读到的内容，但要假装它就像一项运动中的训练游戏——其实游戏并不算数。)”可知，书中作者建议读者大胆尝试，不要计较结果。故选C项。 39．词句猜测题。划线词句前文后文“But I knew this new way of thinking worked for me.(但我知道这种新的思维方式对我有效。)”说明作者非常认同这种新思维方式，从而推知划线词句“I don’t know why the suggestion to pretend my attempts didn’t count could resonate with me.(我不知道为什么假装我的尝试不算数的建议会使我resonate。)”其中划线部分意思是“赞同，认同”。故选D项。 40．推理判断题。根据第四段中“I turned a negative into a positive by reasoning that every time I heard the word ‘no’, it meant I was one step closer to ‘yes’. (我把消极转化为积极，因为每次听到‘不’这个词，就意味着我离“是”更近了一步。)”可知，作者认为别人的拒绝会让他距离成功更近一步。故选B项。 41．C 42．D 43．B 44．C 45．C 46．B 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章探讨了传统阅读的减少趋势，指出阅读本身并未消亡，而是变得更加实用。作者结合自身的经历，讲述了阅读对于人的益处，认为虽然阅读越来越不受欢迎，但是阅读的确可以让人保持专注，而我们应当去阅读那些伟大的著作。 41．推理判断题。根据第二段“Now that Kindle is leaving China, some say that maybe people will get back to traditional reading. I doubt it, however. This downward reading trend has been evident for a long time now. When Jeff Bezos first launched Kindle, Steve Jobs from Apple said it would fail because “people don’t read anymore. It doesn’t matter how good or bad the product is.” (现在Kindle离开了中国，有人说也许人们会回到传统的阅读方式。然而，我对此表示怀疑。这种下降趋势已经持续了很长时间。当杰夫·贝佐斯首次推出Kindle时，苹果公司的史蒂夫·乔布斯说它会失败，因为“人们不再阅读了，不管产品是好是坏。”)”可知，作者认为Kindle离开中国并不意味着人们会回到传统的阅读方式，人们不再阅读的趋势持续存在。由此推知，作者提到Kindle强调传统阅读的减少趋势。故选C项。 42．细节理解题。根据第四段中“I remember reading Shackleton, the British polar explorer, when I was a boy. After turning over the last leaf of this extraordinary adventure, I felt as if I, too, had just been to the South Pole and back. This imaginary achievement translated into a sense of confidence which must have been infectious, as soon afterwards all of my friends were themselves picking up books to read for fun. (我记得小时候读过英国极地探险家沙克尔顿的书。在翻过这次非凡冒险的最后一页后，我觉得自己也刚刚去过南极并返回了。这种想象中的成就转化为一种自信，这种自信一定很有感染力，因为不久之后，我所有的朋友都自己拿起书来读，寻找乐趣)”可知，沙克尔顿的冒险故事对作者影响很大，让作者感同身受，变得自信。故选D项。 43．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Psychologists say that you are the average of the five friends you surround yourself with. We can learn from them and they can also come to have a profound effect on our own habits and mindset. In this way, a book, too, can be a mentor (导师). The ideas, advice, mindset, and experiences of other people living in other times can get transmitted to us down through the pages of a good book. (心理学家说，你是你周围五个朋友的平均值。我们可以向他们学习，他们也可以对我们自己的习惯和心态产生深远的影响。这样，一本书也可以成为一个导师。生活在其他时代的人的想法、建议、心态和经历可以通过一本好书的书页传递给我们)”可知，一本书好比一个值得学习的朋友，通过阅读，我们会受到积极思想的影响，从别人的经历中学习，养成良好的习惯和思维方式，文章未涉及身边都是好朋友这一好处。故选B项。 44．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, in a world that easily gets distracted, deep reading seems to be getting further away from us. Our biggest problem is not Kindle’s departure from China, but our own departure from reality. Great books transmit universal truths; get them read. (然而，在一个容易分心的世界里，深度阅读似乎离我们越来越远。我们最大的问题不是Kindle离开中国，而是我们自己脱离了现实。伟大的著作传播普遍的真理；阅读它们)”可知，作者认为是我们自己脱离了现实，变得容易分心，劝诫我们阅读伟大的著作。由此推知，作者认为阅读伟大的著作可以让我们不再分心，而是保持专注。故选C项。 45．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, in a world that easily gets distracted, deep reading seems to be getting further away from us. Our biggest problem is not Kindle’s departure from China, but our own departure from reality. (然而，在一个容易分心的世界里，深度阅读似乎离我们越来越远。我们最大的问题不是Kindle离开中国，而是我们自己脱离了现实)”可知，我们自己脱离了现实是最大的问题，这导致我们容易分心，远离深度阅读。由此推知，我们需要面对阅读越来越不受欢迎的现实。故选C项。 46．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Great books transmit universal truths; get them read. How exactly you do so is up to you. (伟大的著作传播普遍的真理；阅读它们。具体怎么做取决于你自己)”可知，作者在探讨传统阅读减少趋势、阅读本身消亡与否之外，更多地是在分享阅读对于人的益处，希望读者去进行深度阅读。由此推知，作者的主要目的是提倡阅读的好处。故选B项。 47．C 48．D 49．A 50．B 【导语】本文一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者对自己的公司管理能力信心满满，但现实中却频频受挫。在咨询师Natasha的帮助下，他找到了自己的问题，并承诺作出改变。 47． 推理判断题。根据第一段中“I was heartbroken to leave but wanted to take every lesson I learned to my new company.(离开的时候我很伤心，但我想把我学到的每一课都带到我的新公司)”和第二段中“I figured I would grow my company by being a nice man and working hard, and never demanding more from my people than I was willing to give, believing this approach would earn respect and effort in return.(我想我要做一个好人，努力工作，从不要求我的员工超过我愿意付出的，这样才能发展我的公司，我相信这种方法会赢得尊重和努力作为回报)”可推知，作者有来自之前公司的经验教训和自己的工作原则，所以他对自己的公司管理充满信心。故选C项。 48． 细节理解题。根据第五段中“I started to have people problems. I am a very strong, direct communicator and although in many ways that is a strength, it can be a weakness in other ways. I often hurt people’s feelings. Even though I was very self-aware of this, I still messed up.(我开始有人际关系问题。我是一个非常强大、直接的沟通者，虽然在很多方面这是一个优点，但在其他方面也可能是一个缺点。我经常伤害别人的感情。尽管我很清楚这一点，但我还是搞砸了)”可知，作者经常伤害别人的感情，他的问题的根源在于他的社交技能。故选D项。 49． 推理判断题。根据倒数第四段中Natasha反问作者的话“Well, you just SHOULD all over yourself, didn’t you? Did you pay for devotion? Did you pay for honor? Did you pay for appreciation?(嗯，你认为都“应该”，对吗?你为忠诚付钱了吗?你荣誉付钱了吗?你为感激付钱了吗?)”和倒数第三段中“The sad answer was NO.(可悲的答案是否定的)”可推知，通过治疗，Natasha发现作者陷入了自己的思维陷阱，指出作者认为他给员工支付的工资是用来买员工的忠诚、荣誉和感激，这是错误是思维方式。故选A项。 50． 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中““You want to see the change that you so desire — then be the change,” Natasha said.(“你希望看到你所渴望的变化，那就改变吧，”娜塔莎说)”和最后一段中“I know what I should do. Will you join me?(我知道我该怎么做。你愿意和我一起去吗?)”可推知，作者接受了Natasha的建议，要做出改变，并邀请读者和他一起作出改变。故选B项。 51．D 52．D 53．C 54．C 【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者从收到的最好的礼物入手，呼吁更多的人捐款给世界上最有效的慈善机构以帮助那些处于贫困之中的人。 51．词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“they are forced to eat whatever they can find and drink and wash in unsafe water.”可知，他们被迫吃他们能找到的任何东西，喝不安全的水，用不安全的水洗澡。他们只能祈祷自己不会患上营养不良、疟疾或其他疾病，由此可知画线词词义为“帮助引发”，故D项正确。 52．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“…while perfectly curable in rich countries, frequently ruin or end lives in the developing world.”可知，这些疾病在富裕国家是完全可以治愈的，但往往会毁掉或结束发展中国家的人的生活，由此可知，一些在贫穷的国家可能致命的疾病在发达国家是可以治愈的，故D项正确。 53．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“programs of intervention that sound great in theory but don’t achieve much in practice.”可知，一些干预计划（慈善项目）虽然在理论上听起来不错，但在实践中收效甚微，也就是说一些慈善项目由于不太实际，所以收效甚微，故C项正确。 54．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据最后一段中的“But this year, the best gift I could get is to see as many people as possible giving generously to the most effective charities in the world.”可知，作者从收到的最好的礼物入手，呼吁更多的人捐款给世界上最有效的慈善机构以帮助那些处于贫困之中的人，故C项（让最好的礼物有意义）最适合做文章标题。 【点睛】文章标题形式的主旨大意题难度较大，被选选项要具有高度的概括性，因此抓住文章主题是关键，夹叙夹议文的主题一般体现在最后的感悟部分，通常由but, yet, however等表示转折关系的词语引出，例如本篇第4题，根据最后一段中的“But this year, the best gift I could get is to see as many people as possible giving generously to the most effective charities in the world.”可知，作者从收到的最好的礼物入手，呼吁更多的人捐款给世界上最有效的慈善机构以帮助那些处于贫困之中的人，因此标题一定要体现出“最好的礼物”和“用到实处（帮助别人）”两方面，故C项（让最好的礼物有意义）最适合做文章标题。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$