06 介绍说明文阅读-【好题汇编】三年（2022-2024）中考英语真题分类汇编（湖南专用）

专题06 介绍说明文阅读 2024湖南长沙卷 What should you do when you can’t find the time to do a long workout? Have you heard of exercise snacks (零食式锻炼)? Exercise snacks are a popular and inventive new way for people to stay fit. Instead of spending hours on the playground, people break that “large meal” into exercise “snacks”. These exercises can last anywhere from 20 seconds to two minutes. Then you can have a rest for 30 minutes to four hours before another snack. It is reported that exercise snacks can be as useful as traditional exercise methods. Just three exercise snacks a day can benefit (使受益) your physical health. Besides that, there are lots of other benefits. Your concentration (专注力) and creativity get better, and you can become more productive. Also, “snacking” throughout the day stops you from sitting too long. There are so many acceptable exercise snacks, like doing sit-ups, jumping rope or running up and down some stairs (楼梯). But for those who don’t know where to start, here are some helpful exercise choices: Exercises such as lifting weights will satisfy the needs. Since most people don’t keep weights at their offices, lift full water bottles. Squats (深蹲) — moving your body as if to sit down while keeping your back straight. Five to ten of these should make a good snack. For those who don5t like traditional exercises, simply turn up the music. Pick a lively song and start dancing. It’ll make for a fun workout. What are you waiting for? Let’s get moving. Your body will thank you for it! 3. How long can an exercise snack last according to the passage? A. 20 seconds to two minutes. B. 30 minutes to four hours. C. Five to ten minutes. 4. Which is an acceptable exercise snack mentioned in the passage? A. Doing math exercises. B. Eating snacks. C. Doing sit-ups. 5. What is the writer’s attitude (态度) to exercise snacks? A. Doubtful. B. Unclear. C. Supportive. 6. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To change traditional eating habits. B. To introduce an inventive new way to stay fit. C. To encourage people to do long-time outdoor exercise. 【答案】3. A 4. C 5. C 6. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍零食式锻炼。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“These exercises can last anywhere from 20 seconds to two minutes.”可知，这些练习可以持续20秒到2分钟。故选A。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据“There are so many acceptable exercise snacks, like doing sit-ups, jumping rope or running up and down some stairs (楼梯).”可知，这些练习可以持续20秒到2分钟。有很多可以接受的运动零食，比如做仰卧起坐、跳绳或上下楼梯，故选C。 【5题详解】 观点态度题。根据“What are you waiting for? Let’s get moving. Your body will thank you for it!”可知，作者对零食式锻炼持支持的态度，故选C。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍零食式锻炼，是一种新颖的健身方式。故选B。 2024湖南省卷 B Would you be able to sleep with one eye open? Bottlenose dolphins(宽吻海豚)can. When they sleep, onlyhalf of their brain goes to sleep. They sleep with one eye open to stay safe. Half of their brain sleeps for about twohours before the other half of their brain gets a chance to sleep. Sometimes, the dolphins will keep swimming whilethey are sleeping. Dolphins are not fish-they are mammals(哺乳动物). These mammals have lungs(肺). And they don't havegills(l) like fish. They are also warm-blooded and have to go to the surface ofthe water to get air in to their lungsDolphins don't lay eggs. Their young are born alive, and they drink milk from their mothers.Dolphins are one of the smartest animals in the world. There are many stories about how they save people outof water. They are able to solve many problems like humans. They can even use tools to catch fish. But theircleverness doesn't end there. Dolphins can also pass on anything they learn to other dolphins, like interestingfishing skils. They communicate with each other in many ways. They use different sounds to talk to each otherDolphins know the “voices” of other dolphins and even know exactly who is making which sound. Another thingthat shows their cleverness is that they can also know themselves in a mirror(锐F)and check different parts of theirbody in it. 24. Why do bottlenose dolphins sleep with one eye open? A. To stay safe B. To sleep for two hours. C. To swim faster 25.What can we learn about dolphins from paragraph 2? A. They use gills to get air. B. They are warm-blooded C. They lay eggs like fish 26. How do dolphins talk to each other? A. By learning fishing skills. B. By using different sounds. C. By checking their bodies. 27. Which part of a magazine may the passage be taken from? A. Art. B. Health. C. Nature. 参考答案： 24细节理解题。根据第一段They sleep with one eye open to stay safe(他们睁着一只眼睛睡觉以保证安全。可知，海豚睡觉时睁着一只眼睛是为了保证安全。故选A。 25细节理解题。根据第二段They are also warmblooded and have to go to the surface of thewater to get air into their lungs.(它们也是温血动物，必须到水面让空气进入肺部。)可知，海豚是温血动物。故选B。 26.细节理解题。根据第三段They use different sounds to talk to each other.(它们用不同的声音互相交谈。)可知，海豚通过使用不同的声音互相交谈。故选B。 27.推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了海豚的三个特点，故推测这篇文章可能选自杂志的自然界版块。故选C。 C Headphones are helpful. Many kids use them. But headphones can be harmful, too. They can cause hearingloss if the volume(音量)is too loud. Studies show that one out of every ten kids in the United States has some hearing loss. The cause is loud noise.Do you know how we hear? There are cells(红胞) inside the ears that help us hear. We can't see them with oureyes. “*We call them hair cells,” Jackie Clark said. “They look like hairs standing up." Clark is a scientist at theUniversity of Texas. She studies noises and ears. Sound cannot be seen, but it can make the hair cells move backand forward. Think of the wind in the leaves. Loud noises can damage(损伤) these cells. And once the cells are damaged, they don't grow back. Sometimesthere's tinnitus. “'It's like someone is playing a note on the flute(长笛) for along time,” Clark says. It shows we'relosing hearing. Tinnitus is not only harmful to our ears, also it can make us feel uneasy. That's why it's necessary toprotect our ears. How can we protect our-ears? We'd better keep the volume low when we use our headphones. We should beable to hear sounds around us. And other people shouldn't hear noise from our headphones. “If I can hear whatyou're listening to when you're wearing your headphones," Clark says,“ it's too loud." To protect our ears, keep our headphones at about half volume. 28. What can we know about hair cells? A.They help us hear. B. They look like hairs lying down. C. They can be seen clearly with our eyes. 29.What does the underlined word “tinnitus” mean in paragraph 3. A. A musical voice. B. A kind of instrument. C. Ringing in ears. 30. What's the main purpose of the last paragraph? A. To give advice. B. To show problems C. To explain reasons. 31. What's the main idea of the passage? A. Before listening to music, choose a good headphone. B. When using a headphone, keep the volume low. C.Afer using a headphone, check your ears. 参考答案： (28)细节理解题。根据第二段There are cells(细胞) inside the ears that help us hear.We can't seethem with our eyes."We call them hair cells"Jackie Clark said.(耳朵里有帮助我们听到声音的细胞。我们的眼睛看不到它们。“我们称它们为毛细胞，"Jackie Clark说。)可知毛细胞帮助我们听到声音。故选A。 (29)词义猜测题。根据第三段"It's like someone is playing a note on the flute(长笛)for along time, “Clark says.("这就像有人在笛子上很长时间吹一个音符，“克拉克说。)可知，耳朵有时有耳鸣现象。故推测划线单词应该是“耳鸣“的意思，故选C。 (30)段落大意题。根据最后一段How can we protect our ears?We'd better keep the value volume low whenwe use our headphones.(我们如何保护我们的耳朵。)可知，此段主要给出了使用耳机的建议。故选A。 (31)标题归纳题。通读全文，根据最后一段How can we protect our ears?We'd better keep the value volume low whenwe use our headphones.(我们如何保护我们的耳朵?我们使用耳机时最好把音量调小。)可知，本文主要讲了为了保护我们的耳朵，使用耳机时最好把音量调小。故选B。 2023湖南衡阳卷 （E） Motuo lies in the south of the Himalayas in Tibet. It is known as the “Natural Museum of Tibet”. It is home to all kinds of mountains, rivers, waterfalls, plants and animals its special geographic location (地理位置) makes it a beautiful place. It was one of the hardest places to reach and was the last city in China without a highway. The construction (施工) of the first highway to Motuo started in the 1960s. However, it was no completed until over 50 years later. In 2014, the construction of its second highway-the Paimo Highway started. In October 2022, the construction of the main body of the highway was completed. They are great engineering projects. In this area, earthquakes and heavy rains happened very often. There could be falling rocks or even landslides (滑坡). People must build many walls and nets to protect the two highways. Another challenge was the snow. Plenty of snow sometimes destroyed rocks and roads. As a result, the construction of the highways to Motuo was stopped several times. To solve this problem, people built a tunnel (隧道) that goes through the mountain area. The two highways stand for the Chinese spirit of “never giving up”. They are ways to connect Motuo to the outside world and show how China cares about people in the far areas. 26. Where is Motuo? A. It’s in the south of the Himalayas. B. It’s in the north of the Himalayas. C. It’s in the east of the Himalayas. 27. When did the construction of the first highway to Motuo start? A. In the 1980s. B. In the 1970s. C. In the 1960s. 28. How must people deal with the falling rocks or even landslides according to the passage? A. People must build a tunnel. B. People must build a bridge. C. People must build many walls and nets. 29. What do the two highways to Motuo stand for? A. The Chinese spirit of “being hard-working” B. The Chinese spirit of “never giving up” C. The Chinese spirit of “being honest”. 30. What’s the main idea of the article? A. To introduce the two highways to Motuo. B. To explain the importance of Motuo. C. To show the beauty of Motuo. 参考答案：26.A 27.C 28.C29.B 30.A 【导语】本文主要介绍了到墨脱的两条高速公路。 【26题详解】细节理解题。根据"Motuo lies in the south of the Himalayas in Tibet.”"可知它在喜马拉雅山脉的南部。故选A。 【27题详解】细节理解题.根据"The construction (施工) of the first highway to Motuo started in the 1960s."可知第一条通往墨脱的高速公路是在20世纪60年代开始建设的，故选C。 【28题详解】细节理解题。根据"There could be falling rocks or even landslides (滑坡).People must build many walls and netsto protect the two highways.”可知人们必须建造许多墙和网来保护这两条高速公路。故选C。 【29题详解】细节理解题。根据“The two highways stand for the Chinese spirit of 'never giving up"可知这两条高速公路代表着中国人“永不放弃”的精神，故选B。 【30题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了到墨脱的两条高速公路。故选A。 （F） The Dolphin 1 is a kind of intelligent water rescue (救援) robot. It is independently developed by Yunzhou Technology, a company from Guangdong Province. The rescue robot became famous for its successful rescue of a boy who was washed away by waves in Weihai, Shandong Province on Aug9. 2022. The Dolphin 1 has many advantages. For example, it has high floatage (漂浮性), and its direction can be controlled. The Dolphin 1 can overturn (翻转) to adjust its position even in dangerous water conditions by itself. It is not hard to be remote-controlled (遥控) with one hand and the person who uses it does not need to have professional training before using it. When one accident happens, only one to two people are required to operate (操作) the robot for rapid rescue. Since it was put into use, the Dolphin I has saved several people’s lives in Zhuhai’s Wanshan Island and coastal areas of Weihai. It has been put into operation in rescue tasks in Jiangxi and Henan provinces. At present, the intelligent water rescue robot has been widely used in China. And more than 40 countries, including the United States of America. Spain, Italy, and Australia, have introduced the Dolphin 1 for rapid water rescue operations. 31. The underlined word “intelligent” in the first paragraph means “______” in Chinese A.智能的 B.时尚的 C.勤奋的 32. How many people are only required to operate the robot for rapid rescue if an accident happens? A. One to four people. B. One to three people. C. One to two people 33. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. Advantages of the water rescue robot. B. Research of the water rescue robot. C. Opinions on the water rescue robot. 34. Where has the water rescue robot been put into operation in rescue tasks? A. In Hunan and Jiangxi. B. In Jiangxi and Henan. C. In Hunan and Henan. 35. Which part of a newspaper might the passage come from? A. Travel. B. Science. C. Culture. 参考答案：31.A 32.c 33.A 34.B 35.B 【导语】本文主要介绍了智能水上救援机器人的好处以及它被投放使用对人类的帮助。 【31题详解】词义猜测题。根据"The Dolphin 1 is a kind of intelligent water rescue (救援) robot”及下文对这个机器人的介绍可知，它是一种智能水上救援机器人，故选A。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据""When one accident happens, only one to two people are required to operate (操作) the robot for rapid rescue."可知，当发生一起事故时，只需一到两个人就可以操作机器人进行快速救援，故选C。 【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据“The Dolphin 1 has many advantages"可知，本段介绍它的好处，故选A。【34 题详解】细节理解题。根据"It has been put into operation in rescue tasks in Jiangxi and Henan provinces”可知，它已经在江西和河南两省的救援任务中投入使用，故选B。 【35题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一种智能水上救援机器人，属于科学范畴，故选B。 2023湖南怀化卷 In China, there are 24 solar terms (节气) in a year. And there are six solar terms in winter. They are beginning of winter, light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice (冬至), lesser cold (小寒) and greater cold. Beginning of winter usually falls on November 7th or 8th. On this day, after a year of hard work, people are happy to have a rest and spend time with the family. The northern China celebrates beginning of winter as the “Small Spring Festival”. People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day. Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow usually falls on December 7th or 8th. When winter solstice comes, it brings the shortest days of the year and the longest nights. Many places around the country can expect the coldest weather. Greater cold comes after lesser cold. The field is covered with snow. And all Chinese are ready to welcome the Spring Festival after it. Of course, a new round of solar terms will start. 48. How many solar terms are there in winter? A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven. 49. What do people in the northern China usually have on beginning of winter? A. Dumplings and mutton soup. B. Noodles and fish. C. Rice and chicken. 50. When does heavy snow usually fall? A. On November 22nd or 23rd. B. On December 1st or 2nd. C. On December 7th or 8th. 51 What is the passage mainly about? A. Beginning of winter. B The solar terms in winter. C. Greater cold. 参考答案： 【导语】本文主要介绍了冬季的6个节气。 【48题详解】细节理解题。根据“And there are six solar terms in winter.”可知，冬天有六个节气，故选B。 【49题详解】细节理解题。根据“The northern China celebrates beginning of winter as the ‘Small Spring Festival’. People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day.”可知，通常在这一天吃饺子和羊肉汤，故选A。 【50题详解】细节理解题。根据“Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow usually falls on December 7th or 8th.”可知，大雪通常在12月7日或8日，故选C。 【51题详解】主旨大意题。根据“And there are six solar terms in winter. They are beginning of winter, light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice (冬至), lesser cold (小寒) and greater cold”可知，本文主要介绍了冬季的6个节气，故选B。 D ChatGPT is a smart AI chatbot(聊天机器人) tool. It is developed by US company OpenAI. It is very popular all over the world. It is reported that over 89 percent of students have used ChatGPT to help with their homework. You can ask it to write stories and emails, translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions. Some schools in the US, Australia and France don’t use ChatGPT. They are afraid that ChatGPT could make it easier for students to cheat (作弊) on homework. Some people also worry that ChatGPT could be used to give wrong information. However, not all schools say “no” to ChatGPT. Some Canadian schools are making decisions on its use for both students and teachers. They will not stop the use of ChatGPT. Bhaskar Vira, a teacher at the school in Cambridge, said that not using ChatGPT is not clever. “We have to know that people will get used to an AI tool in our learning, teaching and examinations,” he told a school newspaper. 52. ChatGPT is a ______ AI chatbot tool. A. strange B. useless C. smart 53. What can ChatGPT do? A. Fly kites. B. Cook food. C. Write stories. 54. Which of the following is TRUE? A. ChatGPT was developed by Canada. B. ChatGPT can help with homework. C. All schools in France use ChatGPT. 55. What’s the best title of the passage? A. ChatGPT B. A Useless Tool C. The History of AI 参考答案：52. C 53. C 54. B 55. A 【导语】本文主要介绍了ChatGPT的好处以及弊端。 【52题详解】细节理解题。根据“ChatGPT is a smart AI chatbot(聊天机器人) tool”可知，是一款智能AI聊天机器人工具，故选C。 【53题详解】细节理解题。根据“You can ask it to write stories and emails, translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions”可知，可以写故事，故选C。 【54题详解】推理判断题。根据“They are afraid that ChatGPT could make it easier for students to cheat (作弊) on homework”可知，它可以帮助学生们做作业，B表述正确，故选B。 【55题详解】最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了ChatGPT的好处以及弊端，故选A。 2023湖南永州卷 D On June 3, the United States Fish & Wildlife Service（USFWS）announced that it would protect the tricolored bats. The animal would be listed under the Endangered Species Act. This follows a similar announcement, made in March, to protect the endangered northern long-eared bats. The two kinds of bats are in danger, mainly because of an illness called white-nose syndrome（综合症）. “Bats play such an important role in keeping a healthy ecosystem.” USFWS director Martha Williams said. “But white-nose syndrome is destroying bats.” she added. White-nose syndrome is caused by a fungus（真菌）. It is known to influence only bats, showing up on the animal’s nose and wings. The fungus grows in places that are cold, dark, and wet, like caves. As it hurts a bat’s skin, the animal’s behavior starts to change. The bat becomes more active than normal, wasting the energy it needs to live. Worldwide, there are more than 1, 400 kinds of bats. Most bats are insectivores, which means they eat insects. In a single night, bats can eat insects of “up to half their weight.” This is good news for farmers, since bats eat insects that harm crops. According to the USFWS, the animals help U.S. farmers save more than $3 billion a year in insect control. Nowadays there is no treatment for white-nose syndrome. But scientists are developing ways to help bats. A 2018 study found that a special light can kill the fungus. Researchers are also testing a fungus-fighting thing that can be placed around areas where bats live. And they’re working on a vaccine（疫苗）. Local villagers also provide suggestions. One example: set bat boxes. The USFWS says it will announce a decision about how to list the tricolored bats by late 2023. A decision about the northern long-eared bats is expected next month. 11. Why are the tricolored bats and the long-eared bats in danger? A. Because of a special illness. B. Because of their food. C. Because of their living conditions. 12. How does the fungus kill a bat at last? A. By changing a bat’s behavior. B. By hurting a bat’s skin. C. By wasting the energy a bat needs to live. 13. Why are bats helpful to farmers in the USA? A. Because bats eat insects that harm crops. B. Because there are more than 1, 400 kinds of bats. C. Because bats cost them more than $3 billion each year. 14. What are the researchers doing to fight against the white-nose syndrome? A. They are testing a special light. B. They are working on a vaccine. C. They are setting bat boxes. 15. What is the article mainly about? A. A white-nose syndrome. B. Kinds of bats. C. Bats in danger. 【答案】11.A12.c13.A14.B15.C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了长耳蝙蝠和三色蝙蝠被列为濒危动物名单，且说明了蝙蝠在保持生态系统健康方面发挥的重要作用。 【11题详解】细节理解题。根据"The two kinds of bats are in danger, mainly because of an illness called white-nose syndrome."可知是因为一种名为白鼻综合征的疾病，所以三色蝙蝠和长耳蝙蝠处于危险中。故选A。 【12题详解】细节理解题。根据"“"As it hurts a bat 's skin, the animal 's behavior starts to change. The bat becomes more active than normal, wasting the energy it needs to live.”"可知真菌是通过伤害蝙蝠的皮肤，让蝙蝠变得比平时更活跃，浪费了它生存所需的能量。故选C。 【13题详解】细节理解题。根据"In a single night, bats can cat insects of 'up to half their weight.’This is good news for farmers, since bats eat insects that harm crops.”"可知因为蝙蝠可以吃危害庄稼的昆虫。故选A。 【14题详解】细节理解题。根据""And they're working on a vaccine."可知研究人员正在研制疫苗来对抗白鼻综合症。故选B。 【15题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了长耳蝙蝠和三色蝙蝠被列为濒危动物名单，且说明了蝙蝠在保持生态系统健康方面发挥的重要作用。故选C。 E Have you ever noticed plastic waste everywhere in your community? Dr. Aboubacar Kampo has. He was living in Côte d’Ivoire, a country on the coast of West Africa, where plastic is a big environmental problem, compared with water and air pollution. Côte d’Ivoire’s biggest city, Abidjan, produces more than 300 tons of plastic rubbish a day, and only about 5% is recycled. “How can we turn plastic into something useful?” Kampo wondered. So Kampo who works for UNICEF, the United Nations Children’s Fund, googled, researched, and then noticed a company in Colombia, a country in South America. Plastic pollution is a problem there, too. Conceptos Plásticos, the Colombian company that Kampo read about online, recycles plastic waste and turns it into big, Lego-like bricks（砖）for building schools and houses. Next, Kampo went to Colombia to learn about the company in person. He toured schools that were built with its bricks and the factory where the bricks were made. “Conceptos Plásticos gave us a solution.” Kampo said. He thought it could help with more than just the plastic problem. It could also improve children’s education. According to UNICEF, 1.6 million children in Côte d’Ivoire don’t go to school. One reason is that there aren’t enough classrooms. For kids who do go to school, classrooms are often very crowded. Kids often sit on the floor and can’t stand up because there isn’t room to move around. In 2018, UNICEF built its first classrooms in Abidjan, using bricks produced in Colombia by Conceptos Plásticos. Right away, the local education improved a lot. People couldn’t believe it at the beginning, that the classrooms were made of plastic. But now all the parents want their children in these classrooms. By the end of 2021 UNICEF had built 528 classrooms in Côte d’Ivoire. The new Conceptos Plásticos factory in Abidjan will soon be producing bricks from rubbish collected in children’s playgrounds and on the beach. The environmental influence is huge. Kampo says it takes about five and a half tons of plastic and just a few weeks to build a classroom. Unlike traditional building, no cement（水泥）is needed. “It’s just a hammer（锤子）and those bricks.” he added. 16. What is the main problem Côte d’Ivoire faces? A. Plastic pollution. B. Water pollution. C. Air pollution. 17. What can we learn about Conceptos Plásticos? A. It’s a company in West Africa. B. It recycles plastic waste online. C. It offers bricks for building the classrooms in Abidjan. 18. Which of the following best describes the parents about their kids’ future in Paragraph 5? A. Doubtful. B. Excited. C. Surprised. 19. How many tons of plastic are needed to build a classroom? A. About 5.5 tons. B. Only about 15 tons. C. More than 300 tons. 20. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Building Green B. An introduction to Kampo C. Côte d’Ivoire’s Environmental Problem 【答案】16.A 17.C18.B19.A 20.A 【导语】本文主要介绍了哥伦比亚公司Conceptos Plasticos 回收塑料垃圾并将其制成砖块，用于建造学校和房屋的故事。 【16题详解】细节理解题。根据"He was living in Cote d'Ivoire, a country on the coast of West Africa, where plastic is a big environmental problem , compared with water and air pollution."可知Cote d Tvoire主要面对的是塑料污染，故选A。 【17题详解】细节理解题。根据"In 2018,UNICEF built its first classrooms in Abidjan, using bricks produced in Colombia by Conceptos Plasticos.”可知它为在Abidjan建造教室提供砖块。故选C。 【18题详解】推理判断题。根据""People couldn't believe it at the beginning, that the classrooms were made of plastic. But now all the parents want their children in these classrooms.”(一开始人们不敢相信教室是用塑料做的。但是现在所有的父母都希望他们的孩子在这些教室里。〉可知父母对孩子的未来很激动，期待他们都在这样的教室里，故选B。 【19题详解】细节理解题。根据“"Kampo says it takes about five and a half tons of plastic and just a few weeks to build a classroom.”可知建造一间教室需要5.5吨塑料，故选A。 【20题详解】最佳标题题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍了哥伦比亚公司Conceptos Plasticos回收塑料垃圾并将其制成砖块，用于建造学校和房屋的故事，所以A选项最符合，故选A。 2023湖南郴州卷 Astronauts would face dangers both getting to and surviving (生存) on Mars. Let’s learn about surviving a trip to Mars. What would it take to keep people safe and healthy on a trip to Mars? Scientists are already working on it though the trip may be many years later. Over the last 60 years, many spacecraft (航天器) have flown by, orbited (沿轨道运行) and even landed on the Red Planet. However, humans could work faster and smarter than machines. That’s why the United States, China and other countries want to send people to Mars. But surviving this trip would not be easy. A trip to Mars would be the farthest journey in human history. Mars is about 225 million kilometers away, so it would take astronauts at least six months to reach there. However, it only takes a few days to get to the moon. While space travel is never free of danger, it takes a lot more health risks to travel in space for a long time. For one thing, staying in space for long periods makes the human body weak. Also, it puts pressure behind the eyes and causes eye problems. But gravity (重力) machines could help. Then there’s space radiation (辐射) to worry about. It might raise the risk of health problems. especially for astronauts who will have long journeys. Scientists are working out the problems. They have found taking certain vitamins (维生素) can help. Astronauts will have to pack light to lift off from Earth. But they won’t be able to get things they need like astronauts on the space station do. Astronauts on the space station practice for this by growing lettuce and other food in space. Engineers are developing 3-D printing techniques which could allow future Mars astronauts to build tools as needed. 31. Why do the countries want to send astronauts to Mars? A. Because spacecraft couldn’t work on Mars. B. Because humans could work faster and smarter than machines. C. Because scientists have worked out how to survive on Mars. 32. How long would it take astronauts to reach Mars? A. A few days. B. At least six weeks. C. Al least six months. 33. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. A trip to the moon would be the farthest journey in human history. B. Space radiation might raise the risk of health problems for astronauts. C. Taking certain vitamins can help reduce pressure behind the eyes in space. 34. In the last paragraph, the writer implies (暗示) that ________. A. Mars astronauts will be able to get things they need B. Mars astronauts can grow lettuce and other food now C. 3-D printing techniques could allow astronauts to build tools as needed 35. The passage mainly talks about ________. A. surviving a trip to Mars B. spacecraft landing on Mars C. health problems of future Mars astronauts 【答案】31. B 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍如何在火星之旅中生存。 【31题详解】细节理解题。根据“However, humans could work faster and smarter than machines. That’s why the United States, China and other countries want to send people to Mars.”可知，人类可以比机器工作得更快、更聪明。这就是为什么美国、中国和其他国家想把人送上火星。故选B。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据“so it would take astronauts at least six months to reach there”可知，宇航员至少需要6个月才能到达那里，故选C。 【33题详解】细节理解题。根据“Then there’s space radiation (辐射) to worry about. It might raise the risk of health problems.”可知，空间辐射可能会增加健康问题的风险。故选B。 【34题详解】细节理解题。根据“Engineers are developing 3-D printing techniques which could allow future Mars astronauts to build tools as needed.”可知，工程师们正在开发3D打印技术，未来的火星宇航员可以根据需要制造工具。故选C。 【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据“Astronauts would face dangers both getting to and surviving (生存) on Mars. Let’s learn about surviving a trip to Mars.”可知，本文主要介绍如何在火星之旅中生存，故选A。 2023湖南株洲卷 D There were actors performing Qingiang Opera at the Tang Paradise on February 5th, 2023. Tang Paradise, located in the south) of Xi’an, is a large cultural theme park showing the lifestyle of the Tang Dynasty. Qingiang Opera, which came from the ancient folk songs and dances of the people in Shaanxi and Gansu province, is one of the longest-live forms of opera in China. According to historical records, the local opera dates all the way back to the Qin Dynasty (22IBC-207BC). Qinqiang Opera is a reflection of ancient Chinese people’s daily life and feelings. However, the development of pop and Western music influenced Qinqiang Opera deep in the 1990s. During this difficult time, many Qinqiang Opera actors had no choice but to leave the opera stage where they performed. They then took on several jobs to make a living, including working as businessmen, running clothing shops and acting in small film roles. Qinqiang Opera was listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2006. It has a great influence on the development of Qinqiang Opera. About ten years ago, the audiences were mostly old people. Now lots of young audiences pour in and Qinqiang Opera performances are warmly welcomed. The member of young performers has increased as well. The revival of Qinqiang Opera was not only attracted more young actors and audiences but also reflected the country’s cultural development. 51. Which of the following is TRUW about the Tang Paradise? A. It’s in the north of Xi’an B. It’s a large cultural theme park. C. It shows the lifestyle of the Qin Dynasty 52. Qingiang Opera came from ______. A. the ancient folk songs and dances B. pop music and Western music C. country music and dances 53. Qinqiang Opera was deeply influenced by the development of pop and Western music ______. A. in the 1970s B. in the 1980s C. in the 1990s 54. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Qinqiang Opera? A. Qinqiang Opera is one of the longest-live forms of opera in China. B. Qinqaing Opera was listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2023. C. Now Qingiang Opera performances are welcomed by lots of young audiences. 55. The passage mainly talks about ______. A. the Tang Paradise B. Qinqaing Opera C. pop and Western music 【答案】51.B 52.A 53.C 54.B 55.B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍秦腔。 【51题详解】细节理解题。根据""Tang Paradise, located in the south of Xi'an, is a large cultural theme park showing the lifestyle of the Tang Dynasty."可知，大唐芙蓉园位于西安市南部，是一座展示唐代生活方式的大型文化主题公园。故选B。 【52题详解】细节理解题。根据“Qinqiang Opera, which came from the ancient folk songs and dances of the people in Shaanxi and Gansu province”可知，秦腔源于陕甘两省古老的民间歌舞，故选A。 【53题详解】细节理解题。根据"However, the development of pop and Western music influenced Qinqiang Opera deep in the1990s.”可知，20世纪90年代，流行音乐和西方音乐的发展对秦腔产生了深远的影响。故选C。 【54题详解】细节理解题。根据""Qinqiang Opera was listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2006.”"可知，2006年，秦腔被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。故选B。 【55题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍秦腔，故选B。 E Take care of your plants! They may “shout” if you treat them badly. Plants can make sounds when they se stressed, according to a recent study. “Plants use sound to communicate with animals all the time, so it would be very inconvenient for plants not to use sound at all.” Lilach Hadany, co-author (合著者) of the study, told Science Focus. With this in mind, the research team started by recording plants’ sounds. They put sweet-pepper and tomato plants in soundproof boxes to shut off the noise in the environment Several ultrasonic microphones (超声波麦克风) were then put near the plants, which can record between 20 and 250 kilohertz (千赫兹). A human adults ear can hear about 16 kilohertz. There were three groups of plants: One group wasn’t watered for five days, another group had some parts cut off and the last group was untouched. The microphones caught sounds from 40 to 80 kilohertz from the fist two groups. The sound, which was similar to the noise of popcorn popping grew louder and louder during the five days of water stress. They then began to become weaker and weaker as the plants dried out. A stressed plan produced the popping sound around 30 to 50 times per hour, while the untouched group only produced around once per hour, according to the study. 56. Plants use ______ to communicate with animals all the time according to the study. A. sound B. smell C. light 57. What does the underlined word “soundproof” in P3 mean? A. 发出声音的 B. 隔离声音的 C. 吸收声音的 58. A human adult’s ear can hear about ______. A. 16 kilohertz B. 20 kilohertz C. 250 Kilohertz 59. According to the study, the untouched group of the plants produced the popping sound around ______. A. 40 to 80 times per hour B. 30 to 60 times per hour C. once per hour 60. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Plants can make sounds. B. How to take care of your plants. C. The team made machine-learning applications. 【答案】56.A 57.B 58.A 59.C 60.A 【导语】本文主要介绍了根据研究证明，植物在受到压力时可以发出声音，并具体介绍了研究的内容和过程以及结果。 【56题详解】细节理解题。根据"Plants use sound to communicate with animals all the time"可知，植物一直用声音与动物交流，故选A。 【57题详解】词义猜测题。根据"They put sweet-pepper and tomato plants in soundproof boxes to shut off the noise in the environment"可知，把这两种植物放在能隔绝环境中的噪音的盒子里，由此可推断这个盒子是隔音的，故选B。 【58题详解】细节理解题。根据“"A human adult's ear can hear about 16 kilohertz"可知，成年人的耳朵可以听到大约16千赫兹的声音，故选A。 【59题详解】细节理解题。根据"“"while the untouched group only produced around once per hour"可知，而未接触的那组每小时只产生一次，故选C。 【60题详解】主旨大意题。根据""Plants can make sounds when they are stressed, according to a recent study"及全文的内容可知，本文主要介绍了根据研究证明，植物在受到压力时可以发出声音，故选A。 2023湖南张家界卷 In our lives we can see more and more robots in different places. They are helpful and do lots of things. They can not only work indoors, but also outdoors. They can even do tasks that nobody wants to do. One special robot can help in fast food restaurants. At first, the robot only made burgers. But workers thought it could do more. Now, the robot can make many kinds of food like french fries and fried onions. It works faster than people because it can do more tasks at the same time. So it saves a lot of time and work. Also, the robot knows exactly when the food is ready. Workers are happy that they don’t have to do them, especially at night. Another special robot can even do tasks that are difficult or dangerous. It is so big that it can carry things of up to 40 kilograms and can reach as high as ten meters, too. It helps workers fix railway lines (维修铁路线路). That’s because electricity can make some workers in danger and even fall sometimes. The robot can help them solve these problems and makes their lives much safer. These unusual robots seem to be doing good jobs, but they still need help from people. People control robots with a computer or a remote control (遥控器) and a VR headset (虚拟现实头盔). Scientists say robots can help in more places and play a more important part in the near future. 26. Where does the special robot work indoors? A. In the museum. B. At the bus station. C. In fast food restaurants. 27. What food can the special robot make at first? A. Burgers. B. French fries. C. Fried onions. 28. What can make workers in danger when they fix railway lines? A. Earthquake. B. Electricity. C. Rainstorm. 29. We can infer (推断) that ______ from the 4th paragraph. A. There will be fewer robots in our homes to do good jobs. B. These special robots can’t work without people’s help. C. There are four ways to order the robots to do all things. 30. What’s the best title of the passage? A. The Fastest Robots B. The Biggest Robots C. The Unusual Robots 【答案】26.C 27.A 28.B 29.B 30.C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一些特殊的机器人。 【26题详解】细节理解题。根据"One special robot can help in fast food restaurants."可知，一种特殊的机器人可以在快餐店提供帮助。故选C。 【27题详解】细节理解题。根据""At first, the robot only made burgers.”"可知，起初，机器人只做汉堡。故选A。 【28题详解】细节理解题。根据*It helps workers fix railway lines (维修铁路线路).That 's because electricity can make some workers in danger and even fall sometimes.”可知，它帮助工人修理铁路线，这是因为电力会使一些工人处于危险之中，有时甚至会摔倒。故选B。 【29题详解】推理判断题。根据These unusual robots seem to be doing good jobs, but they still need help from people."可知,这些不寻常的机器人似乎做得很好，但它们仍然需要人们的帮助。由此可知，这些特殊的机器人没有人的帮助就不能工作。故选B。 【30题详解】最佳标题题。本文主要介绍一些特殊机器人，故选C。 2023湖南长沙卷 C Anyone who has seen The Sound of Music, the Oscar-winning movie, knows the famous city of Salzburg in Austria. The musical movie was filmed in and around the city. To enjoy the amazing (令人惊叹的) city, you only have to walk through the alleys (小巷). The sounds of music in Salzburg are not just from the famous film. Mozart, one of the greatest musicians, was born here, and the city is proud of him. You’ll hear Mozart’s music all over the city. And you can visit Mozart’s birthplace, learn about his childhood and even try the chocolate named for him: a Mozart ball! Don’t miss visiting the Salzburg Residenz, which was the rulers’ palace in the past. It was here that Mozart performed (表演) for the first time in his life. A visit to Salzburg in December must include time in the Christmas markets, which can be found here and there. Visit the marketplaces for a hot drink. Then enjoy the beautiful handiwork for sale. Salt was so important to the city of Salzburg that the city was named for it. This “white gold” brought wealth to the rulers. You can visit the Hallein Salt Mine (矿), one of the oldest in the world. Take a train ride into the mountain, where miners will explain the mining process (过程). Then enjoy a boat ride across an underground lake. These are just a few of the enjoyable places in this small Austrian city. There are much more waiting for you to explore. Make sure to plan a trip to this breathtaking city. Its history and culture will excite your senses. 6. What do we know about The Sound of Music? A. It was filmed by Mozart. B. It is an Oscar-winning movie. C. It is a movie of Salzburg’s chocolate. 7. Where did Mozart perform for the first time in his life? A. In a Christmas market. B. At the Hallein Salt Mine. C. At the Salzburg Residenz. 8. What is the “white gold” in Paragraph 4? A. Salt. B. Music. C. A hot drink. 9 Which of the following does the writer agree with? A. Salzburg is too small to visit. B. Salzburg is a place worth visiting. C. There is nothing interesting in Salzburg. 10. What section (部分) of a magazine is the text taken from? A. Travel. B. Sports. C. Science. 【答案】6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍奥地利著名的城市萨尔茨堡。 【6题详解】细节理解题。根据“Anyone who has seen The Sound of Music, the Oscar-winning movie, knows the famous city of Salzburg in Austria.”可知，《音乐之声》是奥斯卡获奖影片。故选B。 【7题详解】细节理解题。根据“Don’t miss visiting the Salzburg Residenz, which was the rulers’ palace in the past. It was here that Mozart performed (表演) for the first time in his life.”可知，莫扎特一生中第一次演出在萨尔茨堡公馆。故选C。 【8题详解】词句猜测题。分析“Salt was so important to the city of Salzburg that the city was named for it. This ‘white gold’ brought wealth to the rulers.”可知，盐对萨尔茨堡非常重要，因此这座城市以盐命名。“white gold”指的是盐，故选A。 【9题详解】推理判断题。根据“Make sure to plan a trip to this breathtaking city. Its history and culture will excite your senses.”可知，一定要计划一次去这座令人惊叹的城市的旅行，它的历史和文化会激发你的感官。由此推知萨尔茨堡是一个值得参观的地方。故选B。 【10题详解】推理判断题。本文介绍奥地利著名的城市萨尔茨堡，所以推测可能在旅游版块看到这篇文章，故选A。 D It is commonly believed that children are too young to fully appreciate (欣赏) the experience and knowledge of their elders, while many think that old people don’t understand the young. But actually (事实上), both groups have a lot to learn from each other. James Smith runs the Smith’s Care Home in my city. It is mainly an organization (机构) for serving the elderly. But not all of its visitors are old people. The home also includes a childcare center for pre-school kids. There is a playground in the care home, where the elderly can play with the kids. In this way, they can learn more about each other, and respect (尊重) and understand one another. I suppose this is quite an interesting idea. For one thing, we live in a world where there are more and more old people. The world is facing this problem and its population ages. It will be important for young people to be able to understand and care for the elderly in the coming years. Regretfully, my own grandparents weren’t around when I was little, as they had already passed away. I never got to learn what the world was like through their eyes, or what kinds of problems they might have faced when they were my age. To me, their lives will always be a mystery — hard to understand or explain. However, I think I can still learn from other people of older generations (辈). I might find some of their ideas out of date, and they might believe that my generation’s way of thinking is strange or incorrect. But we can still learn from each other anyway. 11. What is special about the Smith’s Care Home? A. It is only a childcare center actually. B. The elderly look after kids carefully there. C. It accepts both the elderly and pre-school kids. 12. In the writer’s opinion (观点),what problem is the world facing? A. There are more and more old people. B. The world’s population is dropping rapidly. C. The world is short of care homes for old people. 13. What does the underlined word “mystery” mean in Paragraph 4? A. 笑话 B. 悲剧 C. 谜团 14. How does the writer develop his/her idea in this text? A. By giving examples. B. By listing numbers. C. By raising questions. 15. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To explain why the world’s population ages. B. To encourage different generations to learn from each other. C. To show that older generations’ ways of thinking are incorrect. 【答案】11. C 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. B 【导语】本文介绍人们常说老年人不理解年轻人，而许多人认为孩子太小，不能充分理解老年人的智慧。但事实上，这两个群体都有很多可以互相学习的地方。 【11题详解】细节理解题。根据“James Smith runs the Smith’s Care Home in my city. It is mainly an organization (机构) for serving the elderly. But not all of its visitors are old people. The home also includes a childcare center for pre-school kids.”可知，这个机构服务的不止是老年人而且还有孩子，这是它的特殊之处。故选C。 【12题详解】细节理解题。根据“For one thing, we live in a world where there are more and more old people. The world is facing this problem and its population ages.”可知，我们生活在一个老年人越来越多的世界，世界正面临着这个问题和人口老龄化。故选A。 【13题详解】词句猜测题。分析“To me, their lives will always be a mystery — hard to understand or explain.”可知，难以理解或解释，所以是一个谜团，故选C。 【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章内容，尤其是第二段和第四段内容可知，作者通过举例来发展自己的观点，故选A。 【15题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要想表明老年人和年轻人这两个群体都有很多可以互相学习的地方，故选B。 2023湖南常德卷 C Toys and games are fun, but inventing them is serious business. Big toy companies treat it even more serious, because the more toys they sell, the more money they make. They have adults who do nothing but think up new toys. Sometimes they even work in locked rooms so no one can steal their ideas! But not every new toy is invented that way. Some of the best inventions are made by kids. Thirteen-year-old Casey loved to play golf. He invented a way to make the game more fun. He invented a new golf tee (球座). It is called the Bio tees. Most golf tees are made from wood, but Casey’s tee is made out of recycled paper. It does not harm the environment. Casey started his own company to make his new tee. He’s already had orders for millions of them. Jessica invented a toy when she was only eight. Jessica likes to jump rope. She jumps alone and she jumps with friends. To jump alone, you need a short rope. With friends, you need a long rope. So Jessica invented a new kind of jump rope. The length of Jessica’s jump rope can be modified (调整). It can be made long to jump with friends. Or it can be made short to jump alone. When you finish jumping, you can even turn the jump rope into a belt. Now Jessica has a business to sell her jump ropes. Do you have a great idea for a new invention? Give your idea a try. It may become the next Bio tee or latest jump ropes. 9. Why do some adults work in locked rooms when they think up new toys? A. To keep their ideas from being stolen. B. To invent more toys. C. To make more money. 10. What is Casey’s golf tee made out of? A. Wood. B. Gold. C. Recycled paper. 11. How old was Jessica when she invented the new kind of jump rope? A. 13. B. 10. C. 8. 12. Whom may the writer call on to try ideas for new inventions? A. Teachers. B. Kids. C. Parents. 【答案】9. A 10. C 11. C 12. B 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了很多玩具的设计创造来自于孩子们。 【9题详解】细节理解题。根据“Sometimes they even work in locked rooms so no one can steal their ideas!”可知大型玩具公司的工人有时会在锁着的房间里工作，以确保他们的想法不会被窃取。故选A。 【10题详解】细节理解题。根据“Most golf tees are made from wood, but Casey’s tee is made out of recycled paper.”可知，大多数高尔夫球座是用木头做的，但凯西的球座是用再生纸做的。故选C。 【11题详解】细节理解题。根据“Jessica invented a toy when she was only eight.”可知，杰西卡八岁时发明了一个玩具。故选C。 【12题详解】推理判断题。根据“ Some of the best inventions are made by kids.”和“Do you have a great idea for a new invention? Give your idea a try. It may become the next Bio tee or latest jump ropes.”可知，文章是鼓励孩子们进行发明创造，故选B。 D Indoor and outdoor gardening has become more and more popular. It helps us build a stronger connection (连接) with nature and makes us feel more relaxed. Gardening is reported to be good for the environment and wildlife. Gardens offer a home to wildlife. They also act as passages for nature, allowing wildlife to move from one place to the next. ________ One study found that gardening for 30 minutes can be compared with playing badminton, volleyball or practicing yoga. Gardening can improve your mood in lots of ways. If you feel nervous or worried, looking after plants can help to keep your mind on something else. Watching a seed (种子) grow into a healthy plant can make you feel happy and satisfied. According to a study, people who garden 2-3 times a week have a 6.6% higher happiness score and 4.2% lower stress level compared to people who don’t garden at all. Gardening is a great way to connect with nature and people. When you are new to a place, you can get to know your neighbors by sharing fruit or vegetables you grow with them. And it is an easy way to start conversations and show how friendly you are. You could also find friends with the same hobby in the gardening club. If there’s no club, start your own gardening club and invite your friends to join you. Why not get some fresh air and try to grow something right now? 13. What does the underlined word “passages” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. 文章 B. 家园 C. 通道 14. Which of the following can be put in the “________”? A. It is friendly to them. B. It’s also great for your health. C. It makes a big difference to our life. 15. According to the study, how do people feel when they garden 2-3 times a week? A. More pleased. B. More stressed. C. Less relaxed. 16. How can you easily connect with your neighbors when you are new to a place? A. By sharing fruit or vegetables you grow. B. By inviting them to join a club. C. By growing something. 【答案】13. C 14. B 15. A 16. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了进行园艺活动的好处。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。分析“They also act as passages for nature, allowing wildlife to move from one place to the next.”可知，它们允许野生动物从一个地方移动到另一个地方，所以是自然的通道。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据“One study found that gardening for 30 minutes can be compared with playing badminton, volleyball or practicing yoga.”可知，一项研究发现，30分钟的园艺活动可以与打羽毛球、排球或练习瑜伽相提并论。选项B“这对你的健康也有好处”符合语境，故选B。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据“According to a study, people who garden 2-3 times a week have a 6.6% higher happiness score and 4.2% lower stress level compared to people who don’t garden at all.”可知，根据一项研究，每周园艺2-3次的人比那些根本不园艺的人幸福指数高6.6%，压力水平低4.2%。故选A。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据“When you are new to a place, you can get to know your neighbors by sharing fruit or vegetables you grow with them.”可知，当你刚到一个地方时，你可以通过与邻居分享你种植的水果或蔬菜来了解他们。故选A。 E Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon? Many people feel this way after lunch. They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or, in summer, they may think it is the heat. However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time, about eight hours after you wake up, your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy. In many parts of the world, people take naps (打盹) in the middle of the day. This is especially true in warmer weather, in which the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. Researchers are now saying that naps are good for everyone in any weather. A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind, which is good for health in general. In countries where naps are traditional, people don’t often have problems such as heart disease. Many working people, unluckily, have no time to take naps. Though doctors may advise taking naps, employers (老板) do not allow it! If you do have the chance, however, here are a few tips about making the most of your nap. Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up. A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterwards. If you do not have enough time, try a short nap—even ten minutes of sleep can be helpful. 17. Why do you sometimes feel sleepy in the early afternoon? A. It’s very hot in summer. B. You eat too much for lunch. C. Your body temperature goes down at that time. 18. What does the underlined word “This” mean in the second paragraph? A. The heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. B. Naps are good for everyone in any weather. C. People take naps in the middle of the day. 19. According to the passage what’s the best time to take a nap if you get up at 6 a. m.? A. At 11 a. m. B. At 2 p. m. C. At 4 p. m. 20. What would be the best title for the passage? A. All Need a Nap B. Just For a Rest C. A Special Sleep 【答案】17. C 18. C 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍为什么人们在午后容易打瞌睡，建议大家适当休息一下，有益于身体健康。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据“At that time, about eight hours after you wake up, your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy.”可知，大约在你醒来8小时后，你的体温会下降，这就是让你慢下来并感到困倦的原因。故选C。 【18题详解】 代词指代题。分析“In many parts of the world, people take naps (打盹) in the middle of the day. This is especially true in warmer weather, in which the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon.”可知，在世界上许多地方，人们在中午打盹。在温暖的天气里尤其如此，炎热的天气使下午早些时候的工作变得困难。此处“This”指的是“人们在中午打盹”，故选C。 【19题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up.”可知，小睡的最佳时间是起床后8小时左右。所以如果早上6点起床，那么下午2点是小睡的最佳时间，故选B。 【20题详解】 最佳标题题。本文主要介绍为什么人们在午后容易打瞌睡，建议大家适当休息一下，有益于身体健康。选项A“都需要小睡一下”符合主题，故选A。 2022湖南湘西卷 In the Chinese history，writing tools play an important role.Among them，the writing brush is the first one that should be paid attention to. The beginning of the writing brush in China can date back to （追溯到） the Neolithic Age （新石器时代） ，while its popularity was during the Warring States period （战国时期） .This tool is widely used in Chinese writing and painting. Nowadays，calligraphy （书法） classes are taught to students at school.Teachers teach students how to use the writing brush to enjoy and spread traditional Chinese culture.The soft brush can create strong and powerful lines on paper.But that only comes through years of hard work.If you want to be an excellent writing artist and be highly praised by others，you need to keep practicing for a long time every day. For many Chinese artists，the brush is more than a writing tool. "It seems in my blood，when I pick up the writing brush，suddenly my thoughts，ideas and even stories build a relationship with the brush，" said Liu Qinghe，a famous Chinese artist.With a good writing brush，when we put our ideas into it，we give it life. 56. Among writing tools， 　 　is the first one that should be paid attention to. A.paper B.ink C.the writing brush 57. What time can the writing brush in China date back to？ 　 　 A.The Neolithic Age. B.The Warring States period. C.The Spring and Autumn period. 58. Which of the following can describe the lines created by the writing brush？ 　 　 A.Weak and careful. B.Strong and powerful. C.Straight and beautiful. 59. Why do the teachers teach students how to use the writing brush？ 　 　 A.To tell all students to use the writing brush out of class. B.To enjoy and spread traditional Chinese culture. C.To help students get high grades in examinations. 60. What can you learn from the passage？ 　 　 A.If you want to be an excellent writing artist，you need to keep practicing. B.Calligraphy classes aren't taught to students at school now. C.The writing brush is only widely used in Chinese writing. 【答案】 (56)细节理解题。根据Among them, the writing brush is the first one that should be paid attention to. (其中， 毛笔是第一个要注意的。)可知"zero gravity"指的是失重的环境。故选C。 (57)细节理解题。根据The beginning of the writing brush in China can date back to (追溯到) the Neolithic Age (新石器时代) ,(中国毛笔的起源可以追溯到新石器时代，)可知是新石器时代。故选A。 (58)细节理解题。根据The soft brush can create strong and powerful lines on paper. (软笔 可以在纸上画出强烈有力的线条)可知是强烈有力的。故选B。， (59)细节理解题。根据Teachers teach students how to use the writing brush to enjoy and spread traditional Chinese culture.(老师教学生如何使用毛笔来欣赏和传播中国传统文化。)可知是为了欣赏和传播中国传统文化。故选B。 (60)理解判断题。根据But that only comes through years of hard work.If you want to be an excellent writing artist and be highly praised by others,you need to keep practicing for a long time every day. (但这只有通过多年的努力才能实现。如果你想成为一名优秀的写作艺术家，并得到别人的高度赞扬,你需要每天坚持练习很长时间。)可知A项符合文意。 故选A。 2022湖南长沙卷 Otters（水獭）are cute water animals. These days, keeping otters as pets is getting popular. In Japan, some “otter cafés（咖啡馆）” are open for business. People can pay to play with the otters there and to take photos with them. In Indonesia, people go swimming with their pet otters and take funny videos. These photos and videos posted online have interested more people to buy otters as pets. However, these enjoyable photos and videos hide the damage（损害）that the online trade is doing to otters. In fact, wild otters are facing many threats—they have long been hunted（猎杀）for their coats; in some places, fishermen have been killing otters in order to stop them from eating fish; and now, the online pet trade has become another big problem for otters. In the wild, baby otters usually stay with their mothers during their first year of life. According to a report, 70% of the otters sold online are under one year old. These baby otters have been stolen from their mothers. When they are kept as pets by humans, they do not live full and natural lives. Otters are very social. They live in family groups of up to 15 in the wild. Keeping an otter as a pet can make it very sad and lonely. These animals also need enough space to swim. Their owners’ bathtubs（浴缸）or pools are nowhere near as large as the bodies of water in the wild. On the other hand, otters simply don’t make good pets. They have a very special fishy smell. If they are kept indoors, they will leave a lot of waste around the house. This would make the smell even more unpleasant. Besides, when otters are unhappy, they will make loud noises and even attack（攻击）people. If a person is hurt by an otter, he or she needs to go to hospital at once. So, we should stop the otter pet trade and never share photos and videos about them online. 11. What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about? A. The ways of buying otters online. B. The advantages of playing with otters. C. The popularity of keeping otters as pets. 12. What does the underlined word “threats” mean in Paragraph 2? A. 机遇 B. 威胁 C. 选择 13. What do we know about otters in the wild? A. They live in family groups of up to 15. B. They don’t need enough space to swim. C. Baby otters never stay with their mothers. 14. Why don’t otters make good pets? a. They may attack people. b. They may make loud noises. c. They have a special fishy smell. d. They need to go to hospital often. A. a, b, c B. a, b, d C. b, c, d 15. What is the writer’s main purpose of writing the text? A. To tell people the otters’ living habits. B. To teach people how to keep a pet otter. C. To call on people to stop the otter pet trade. 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C 【导语】本文主要介绍了水獭不应该被当成宠物来养的原因，并呼吁大家停止水獭宠物交易。 【11题详解】段落大意题。根据“Otters（水獭）are cute water animals. These days, keeping otters as pets is getting popular.”和本段后文可知，首句点明了该段主旨：养水獭当宠物很流行。故选C。 【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据“they have long been hunted（猎杀）for their coats”可知，水獭一直以来都被人们猎杀以获取皮毛，这是水獭面临的威胁，threats表示“威胁”。故选B。 【13题详解】细节理解题。根据“Otters are very social. They live in family groups of up to 15 in the wild.”可知，水獭生活在家庭成员多达15个的群体里，A正确。故选A。 【14题详解】细节理解题。根据“They have a very special fishy smell…Besides, when otters are unhappy, they will make loud noises and even attack（攻击）people.”可知，水獭不适合当宠物的原因包括：它们有一种非常特殊的鱼腥味；当水獭不高兴时，它们会发出很大的噪音；它们会攻击人。a, b, c正确。故选A。 【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据“So, we should stop the otter pet trade and never share photos and videos about them online.”可知，尾段点明全文主旨，写作目的是呼吁大家停止水獭宠物交易。故选C。 2022湖南张家界卷 There are many holidays and festivals in China. One of them is International Labor Day. It’s on May 1st. People enjoy a one-day holiday. They often go shopping or traveling. The Dragon Boat Festival is on lunar May 5th. On this day, people have dragon boat races in many places and eat zongzi to remember Qu Yuan. People can enjoy a one-day holiday, too. October 1st is the National Day of China. It is a very important holiday. All the people in the country celebrate the birthday of China on this day. In Beijing, many people go to Tian’anmen Square to watch the national flag rise. 23. How many holidays and festivals are mentioned（提及）in the passage? ________ A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. 24. According to the passage, what do people often do on International Labor Day? ________ A. Go shopping or traveling. B. Watch the national flag rise. C. Watch dragon boat races. 25. People eat zongzi to remember ________ on the Dragon Boat Festival. A. Li Bai B. Qu Yuan C. Lu Yu. 26. When is the National Day of China? ________ A. On May 1st. B. On lunar May 5th. C. On October 1st. 【答案】23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C 【导语】本文介绍了中国有很多节日，详细的介绍了劳动节，端午节和国庆节。 【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“One of them is International Labor Day”“The Dragon Boat Festival is on lunar May 5th”及“October 1st is the National Day of China”可知，共提到了三个节日，故选B。 【24题详解】细节理解题。根据“They often go shopping or traveling”可知，人们在劳动节通常去购物或旅游，故选A。 【25题详解】细节理解题。根据“On this day, people have dragon boat races in many places and eat zongzi to remember Qu Yuan”可知，吃粽子是为了纪念屈原，故选B。 【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“October 1st is the National Day of China”可知，10月1日是国庆节，故选C。 Bing Dwen Dwen is the cute mascot（吉祥物）of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. It was very popular during the Games. There were 14 members in the design（设计）team of Bing Dwen Dwen. They are all teachers and graduate students from a college in Guangzhou. Bing Dwen Dwen looks like an astronaut in a space suit. It waves its left hand to say hello. It has two red hearts on its palms（掌心）, showing kindness and love. As for Bing Dwen Dwen’s popularity, Cao Xue, the leader of the design team, said he did not expect it to be so popular. “Its ice shell（外壳）is cold, but its image looks warm and lovely. I believe this kind of warmth can be something everybody feels.” Said Cao. 27. What is the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games? ________ A. Beibei. B. Bing Dwen Dwen. C. Panpan. 28. Where does the design team come from? ________ A. A college in Guangzhou. B. A college in Beijing. C. A college in Shanghai. 29. What does Bing Dwen Dwen look like? ________ A. A doctor. B. An astronaut. C. A policeman. 30. The underlined word “image” means “________” in Chinese in paragraph 4. A. 形象 B. 习惯 C. 爱好 【答案】27. B 28. A 29. B 30. A 【导语】本文主要讲述了北京2022年冬奥会可爱的吉祥物冰墩墩受欢迎的原因以及其创作过程。 【27题详解】细节理解题。根据“Bing Dwen Dwen is the cute mascot（吉祥物）of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games”可知冰墩墩是2022年冬奥会吉祥物。故选B。 【28题详解】细节理解题。根据“They are all teachers and graduate students from a college in Guangzhou”可知设计团队来自广州一所大学。故选A。 【29题详解】细节理解题。根据“Bing Dwen Dwen looks like an astronaut in a space suit”可知冰墩墩看起来像一个宇航员。故选B。 【30题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Its ice shell（外壳）is cold, but its image looks warm and lovely”可知它的外壳很冷，但是它的形象看起来很温暖可爱，故此处划线部分意为“形象”。故选A。 2022湖南怀化卷 When you walk on the street, you may see a lot of Chinese restaurants. Chinese food has been enjoyed in western countries for a long time. To make westerners enjoy Chinese food better, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes. “One example is the meat,” said Yin Hang, who is studying at the University of Wollongong in Australia. “We like to eat meat with the bone （骨头） in China, but people here don’t. Chinese restaurants provide big pieces of meat without bones.” Some Chinese brands are also becoming more popular. In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers, reported Reuters（路透社）. In the past, most western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable. But things have changed greatly. “Made in China” has become cool and more people trust Chinese brands. 32. What do Chinese restaurants do to make westerners enjoy Chinese food better? A. Cut the prices. B. Provide a clean environment. C. Change the dishes. 33. According to Reuters, stores sell _________ in many cities in Europe. A. Australian brands B. Chinese brands C. European brands 34. What does the underlined word “unreliable” mean? A. 不可靠 B. 不漂亮 C. 不光滑 35. What is the passage about? A. Chinese food and products become more popular all over the world. B. Chinese like to eat meat without bones. C. Western people thought Chinese products were cheap. 【答案】32. C 33. B 34. A 35. A 【导语】本文从食物，中国品牌入手，介绍如今中国制造的产品在国外越来越受欢迎。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据“To make westerners enjoy Chinese food better, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes”可知，为了让西方人更好地享受中餐，中餐馆对菜肴做了一些改变，故选C。 【33题详解】细节理解题。根据“In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers, reported Reuters”可知，在欧洲的许多城市，都有售卖中国品牌的产品，故选B。 【34题详解】词义猜测题。根据“In the past, most western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable”可知，此处应是过去西方人民对中国产品不好的评价，结合“Made in China” has become cool and more people trust Chinese brands”可知，如今更多的人相信中国品牌，说明之前认为中国品牌不可靠，故选A。 【35题详解】主旨大意题。本文从食物，中国品牌入手，介绍如今中国制造的产品在国外越来越受欢迎，故选A。 2022湖南湘潭卷 Recently, a study (研究), published in BMC Medicine, found that sitting in front of the TV for a long time was a risk for people’s health. After scientists used data (数据) on 370, 000 people, covering 12 years, they found about 9, 000 developed heart disease. They found people with genes (基因) of heart problems were more likely to develop heart disease. However, they found that people without such genes watching more than four hours of TV every day were also at the greatest risk of heart disease. People spending 2 to 3 hours a day watching TV had a 6% lower risk. And those who watched less than an hour had a 16% lower risk. The scientists of the research team finally found cutting TV watching time to less than an hour a day could prevent 10% of heart disease. In life, people who want “one more episode (剧集)” might be the group at a higher risk, for they are easy to spend more time watching TV. If they have more snacks while watching TV, it might add the risk of putting their hearts in danger. So, if people want to watch TV longer, standing up and moving the body, or hanging out will work. But limiting their time on TV could be a more useful way to help them avoid possible heart problems in the future. 16. According to the text, how long did the research cover? A. 10 years. B. 12 years. C. 14 years. 17. From paragraph 2, which of the following is right? A. People watching one hour of TV are at the greatest risk. B. The less time people spend on TV, the lower the risk is. C. Watching TV is the only reason to develop heart disease. 18. Which best explains “limiting” underlined in paragraph 3? A. 限制 B. 记录 C. 花费 19. Where is this text probably from? A. A tour guide. B. A story book. C. A newspaper. 20. What is the main idea of the text? A. We’d better not watch TV more than one hour a day. B. Hanging out after dinner is good for our heart health. C. Having snacks while watching TV adds risks for heart. 【答案】16. B 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. A 【导语】本文主要介绍了BMC医学杂志上的一项研究，研究发现长时间坐在电视机前对人们的健康有风险。 【16题详解】细节理解题。根据“After scientists used data (数据) on 370, 000 people, covering 12 years, they found about 9, 000 developed heart disease. ”可知，这项研究历时12年。故选B。 【17题详解】细节理解题。根据“However, they found that people without such genes watching more than four hours of TV every day were also at the greatest risk of heart disease. People spending 2 to 3 hours a day watching TV had a 6% lower risk. And those who watched less than an hour had a 16% lower risk. ”可知，人们看电视的时间越少，风险就越低。故选B。 【18题详解】词句猜测题。根据“But limiting their time on TV could be a more useful way to help them avoid possible heart problems in the future.”可知，但限制他们看电视时间可能是帮助他们避免将来可能出现的心脏病的更有用的方法。此处limiting表示“限制”。故选A。 【19题详解】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了BMC医学杂志上的一项研究，研究发现长时间坐在电视机前对人们的健康有风险。结合选项，可能来自一份报纸。故选C。 【20题详解】主旨大意题。根据“But limiting their time on TV could be a more useful way to help them avoid possible heart problems in the future.”和全文其余部分内容可知，作者通过这项研究想要告诉我们应该限制看电视的时间，A选项“我们最好每天看电视不要超过一个小时。”符合题意，故选A。 2022湖南岳阳卷 Spring Equinox The 4th term March 20th~April 5th Grain in Ear The 9th term June 5th~June 20th Beginning of Autumn The 13th term August 7th~ August22nd Greater Cold The 24th term January 20th~ February 2nd Everything begins to grow and flowers come out. Some birds fly back to the north. People always fly kites and go climbing. It’s a long period of continuous（持续不断）rainy and cloudy weather. Farmers are busy sowing （播种）and working in the fields. The leaves of trees start to fall, as the saying goes “one leaf falls, autumn arrives.” people can feel that the wind is getting cool. It is snowy and cold. People wear thick clothes to keep warm. Children often make snowmen and do some winter sports like ice skating. 23. Spring Equinox is the best time to ________. A. fly kites B. pick up leaves C. make snowmen 24. How’s the weather during Grain in Ear? A. Sunny and hot. B. Rainy and cloudy. C. Snowy and cold. 25. Which solar term is the last one of all the solar terms? A. Spring Equinox. B. Grain in Ear. C. Greater Cold. 【答案】23. A 24. B 25. C 【导语】本文讲述二十四节气中春分、芒种、立秋和大寒的时间，天气和人们的活动。 【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“Spring Equinox”及“People always fly kites and go climbing”可知，春分时，人们总是放风筝和爬山。故选A。 【24题详解】细节理解题。根据“Grain in Ear”及“It’s a long period of continuous rainy and cloudy weather”可知，芒种很长时间下雨和多云天气。故选B。 【25题详解】细节理解题。根据“Greater Cold The 24th term”可知二十四节气的最后一个节气是大寒。故选C。 2022湖南常德卷 Bike to Work Day Bike-to-Work Day is held every year across North America on the third Friday of May. It was started by the League of American Bicyclists in 1956. Its aim is to promote (促进) the bicycle as a serious choice of getting to and from work. In today’s world where global warming is a serious issue, the bicycle is a perfect way of reducing our carbon (碳) footprint. Cycling to work is a healthy alternative (选择) to driving or taking public transport. A healthier society means there is not so much pressure (压力) on the country’s health system. Of course, it depends on how far you live from your place of work. ________ Another benefit of cycling is feeling more creative and full of energy once you get to work, which will improve your performance. Bicycles are the most common form of transport in the world. There are about one billion worldwide. This makes it the most popular invention ever. When we think of some countries, like China, we imagine hundreds of people cycling everywhere. Even in high-tech Japan, it is impossible not to see businessmen, farmers, mothers or workers in the streets on their bikes. Bicycles were invented in the 19th century and haven’t changed much since. Bicycles now have gears, better brakes and suspension, but the shape is the same as before. We use bicycles today for recreation, fitness, policing, Olympic competition, mail delivery and lots more. Without the bicycle, much of the world might stop working! 17. The “may” in ________ has the same meaning as the underlined one in the first paragraph. A. Welcome, sir. May I help you? B. May 1st is a Labor Day Holiday worldwide. C. May this year be a happy and healthy one for you and your families! 18. Which can best replace “________” in the passage? A. Cycling is also much kinder on your pocket. B. After all, bike to work is much healthier. C. Cycling makes you full of energy. 19 Why does the author mention China? A. People in Japan also like bicycles. B. To tell us the bicycle was invented in China. C. To show the bicycle is the most common form of transport. 20. What can we know from the last paragraph? A. Bicycles are full of use. B. We can’t work without bicycles. C. Bicycles have changed a lot since invented. 【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍“骑车上班日”以及自行车的相关内容。 【17题详解】推理判断题。根据“Bike-to-Work Day is held every year across North America on the third Friday of May.”可知，北美每年5月的第三个星期五为“骑车上班日”。此处“May”的意思是“五月”，故选B。 【18题详解】推理判断题。本段主要介绍骑自行车的一些好处，前文提到骑自行车是一种健康的选择，后文提到骑自行车让你感到更有创造力和充满活力，BC两项分别说健康和充满精力两个优点，所以此处介绍另一个优点——“骑自行车也更省钱”，故选A。 【19题详解】推理判断题。根据“Bicycles are the most common form of transport in the world. There are about one billion worldwide. This makes it the most popular invention ever. When we think of some countries, like China...”可知，提到中国是为了说明自行车是世界上最常见的交通工具，故选C。 【20题详解】推理判断题。根据“Bicycles were invented in the 19th century and haven’t changed much since. Bicycles now have gears, better brakes and suspension, but the shape is the same as before. We use bicycles today for recreation, fitness, policing, Olympic competition, mail delivery and lots more.”可知，自行车是在19世纪发明的，从那以后就没怎么改变过。自行车现在有齿轮，更好的刹车和悬挂，但形状和以前一样。现在我们用自行车来娱乐、健身、维持治安、参加奥运比赛、邮递等等。所以从最后一段我们可以知道自行车用处很大。故选A。 2022湖南邵阳卷 Chopsticks are a pair of small equal-length sticks, usually made of wood, used for eating Asian food. It is believed that the first chopsticks were developed in China. Chopsticks play an important role in Chinese food culture. Chinese chopsticks are usually 9 to 10 inches long. They are round on the eating end which means heaven (天), and the other end is square which means earth. The appearance of chopsticks said goodbye to those days when our Chinese ancestors had to use their hands to eat. Besides, the use of chopsticks has also been a part of Chinese food culture. There are some taboos that you must pay great attention to when you use chopsticks. Firstly, don’t use them to hit your bowl or plate. Secondly, never use them to point at others. Thirdly, don’t put them in different food without taking something. Fourthly, don’t cross the chopsticks on the table. And lastly don’t leave your chopsticks standing in the rice. Chinese people do this only when they honour the dead. Nowadays, chopsticks have many new usages. For example, you can buy a pair as a gift to your friends and relatives. In Chinese, it reads “kuaizi”, which means having sons soon, so a newly-married couple will be very happy to accept it as their wedding gift. 31. In which country are chopsticks mainly used? A. France. B. China. C. Australia. 32. What did our Chinese ancestors use to eat according to the passage? A. Hands. B. Chopsticks. C. Spoons. 33. What does the underlined word “taboos” mean in Chinese? A. 用途 B. 禁忌 C. 说明 34. Which of the following is TRUE from the passage? A. The round end means earth, while the other square end means heaven. B. You can use the chopsticks to point at others when you are angry. C. Chopsticks can be used as gifts. 35. What does the passage mainly tell us? A. The introduction of chopsticks. B. The history of chopsticks. C. The ways to use chopsticks. 【答案】31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A 【导语】本文主要介绍了筷子在中国饮食文化中扮演的重要角色。 【31题详解】细节理解题。根据“ It is believed that the first chopsticks were developed in China. Chopsticks play an important role in Chinese food culture. ”可知，中国主要使用筷子。故选B。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据“The appearance of chopsticks said goodbye to those days when our Chinese ancestors had to use their hands to eat.”可知，筷子出现之前，中国的祖先是用手吃饭的，故选A。 【33题详解】词义猜测题。根据“ Firstly, don’t use them to hit your bowl or plate. Secondly, never use them to point at others. Thirdly, don’t put them in different food without taking something. Fourthly, don’t cross the chopsticks on the table. And lastly don’t leave your chopsticks standing in the rice. Chinese people do this only when they honour the dead.”可知，这里是介绍使用筷子时需要注意的禁忌，所以划线单词表示“禁忌”。故选B。 【34题详解】细节理解题。根据“For example, you can buy a pair as a gift to your friends and relatives.”可知，筷子可以作为礼物送人，故选C。 【35题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了筷子在中国饮食文化中扮演的重要角色。故选A。 2022湖南郴州卷 In 1901, Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian scientist, discovered that there are four types of blood. These four blood types are named A, B, AB and O. People have one of these four types. Blood type O is the most common around the world. Blood type A is the second most common, and type AB is the least common. If people with type A blood are given type B blood, or people with type B blood are given type A blood, they will probably die. In 1927, a Japanese doctor, Furukawa Takeji, did a research and found that people with different blood types also have different personalities（性格）. He said that people with type A blood are usually calm and serious; people with type B blood are curious（好奇的）, cheerful, and outgoing; people with type O blood are generous（慷慨的）and honest; while those with type AB blood are often caring, creative and careful. More recently, a doctor in the United States wrote a book that connects blood types with what people eat. For example, his book suggests people with type O blood should eat more meat and less bread and people with type A blood should eat more vegetables. His book, Eat Right for Your Type, has been popular with people who want to lose weight. However, Dr. Peter D’Adamo believes that if a person wants to lose weight easily, he had better eat food that matches his blood type. He thinks it will make the person healthier in other ways, too. 31. Karl Landsteiner discovered that ________. A. there are four types of personalities B. blood is divided into four types C. blood types are connected with what people eat 32. Where did Furukawa Takeji come from? A. Japan. B. America. C. Austria. 33. What kind of people are more interested in Eat Right for Your Type? A. People with type B blood. B. People who are too heavy. C. People who are thin. 34. From the passage we can infer（推断）that __________. A. people with type B blood can’t be given type A blood B. people with type AB blood are calm and honest C. people with type O blood should eat more vegetables and less bread 35. What is the passage mainly about? A. The types of blood. B. Blood types and personalities. C. Three men’s discoveries or research about blood types. 【答案】31. B 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C 【导语】本文讲了人们对血型的研究，血型和性格之间的关系血型和吃的食物之间的关系等。 【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1901, Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian scientist, discovered that there are four types of blood. These four blood types are named A, B, AB and O.”可知1901年，Karl Landsteiner发现血液分为四种类型，故选B。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据“In 1927, a Japanese doctor, Furukawa Takeji”可知，他来自日本，故选A。 【33题详解】细节理解题。根据“His book, Eat Right for Your Type, has been popular with people who want to lose weight”可知，这本书受到了想减肥的人的欢迎，故选B。 【34题详解】推理判断题。根据“If people with type A blood are given type B blood, or people with type B blood are given type A blood, they will probably die”可知，如果给A型血的人注射B型血，或者给B型血的人注射A型血，他们很可能会死亡，故选A。 【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲了人们对血型的研究，血型和性格之间的关系血型和吃的食物之间的关系等。故选C。 2022湖南永州卷 C Parents and children often face the challenges of money. Common topics include setting pocket money, learning to save, and deciding to buy expensive things. The goal of most parents is to teach their kids how to deal with money wisely. The goal of most kids is getting money to spend. How can families achieve these goals? The Tidier family in Denver found the best way to teach about money was to let their kids make some money. Their son, Ryan, 17, has been watering in the garden since he was 8. He owned his own tools with the help of his parents. Now he has saved $7,800. Besides, he bought a bike and a wonderful sound system. And he is going to buy a car next year. Money skills are an important part of becoming a successful adult. David Brady manages a company toward children and young adults. “They shouldn’t be always thinking of spending money.” Brady warns. Instead, they should understand basic rules for making money, saving money, and managing money. That knowledge is greatly needed. Over the past ten years, most Americans aged 18 to 24 borrowed nearly $3,000 on credit card(信用卡). Among high school seniors, four out of five have never taken a class about money. Giselle Lopez, 17, of New York City, learned the hard way. She owed(欠) $2,000 on her first credit card. Her parents refused to pay, so Giselle got a job. Then she paid the money off slowly by herself. “Now every time I use money, I know that it comes from my own pocket,” Giselle says. “That gives me a sense of responsibility for my actions.” Different kids will have different styles when it comes to money. Teaching them how to use money doesn’t have to mean setting strict rules. When children like Ryan and Giselle have their own money to consider, they can learn to set those rules themselves. 6. What is the goal of most parents about money? A. To set kids’pocket money. B. To get money to spend. C. To teach kids how to deal with money wisely. 7. What is the best way to teach about money in The Tidier family? A. To buy expensive things. B. To give kids some money. C. To let kids make some money. 8. What did Ryan buy with his own money? A. A car. B. A bike. C. Watering tools 9. How much money did Giselle owe on her first credit card? A. $2,000. B. $3,000 C. $7,800. 10. How did Giselle pay the money of she owed? A. By credit card. B. By her parents. C. By herself. 【答案】6. C 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了让孩子学会明智的处理自己的金钱。 【6题详解】细节理解题。根据“The goal of most parents is to teach their kids how to deal with money wisely.”可知，大多数父母的目标是教他们的孩子如何明智地处理金钱。故选C。 【7题详解】细节理解题。根据“The Tidier family in Denver found the best way to teach about money was to let their kids make some money.”可知，丹佛市的Tidier一家发现教育金钱的最好方法就是让他们的孩子赚钱。故选C。 【8题详解】细节理解题。根据“Besides, he bought a bike and a wonderful sound system.”可知，他买了一辆自行车和一套很棒的音响系统。故选B。 【9题详解】细节理解题。根据“Giselle Lopez, 17, of New York City, learned the hard way. She owed(欠) $2,000 on her first credit card.”可知，吉赛尔的第一张信用卡欠了2000美元，故选A。 【10题详解】细节理解题。根据“Then she paid the money off slowly by herself.”可知，吉赛尔自己还的信用卡，故选C。 D On August 30, 2021, the Chinese government announced that kids would not be allowed to play online games Mondays to Thursdays. On weekends and holidays, kids would be limited(限制) to an hour a day of online gaming. “Recently, many parents have reported that playing games crazily among some youths and children is seriously harming their normal study, life and health.” the Chinese government said online. This news got us thinking. Should the government be responsible for limiting how much time kids spend online? Here are some students’opinions. Esme McNeely, 11 The government should not set screen-time limits. That decision should be up to parents. Some children need to use screens for homework. And during the COVID-19, one of the only ways to talk to friends was online. Government limits would not be fair to people who are careful with their screen time. Lucas Barone, 11 The government should not limit screen time. A 2021 study from the University of Colorado Boulder says screen time might be less harmful to kids than people think. Some parents worry that children online too much won’t make friends. But the study reports that screen time can actually improve kids’friendships. In fact, screen time can be educational. I use websites to read and to learn math. Xiuhan Zhu, 9 I think the government should take action and limit screen time for kids. Too much screen time can lead to tiredness and less social time. People who use smartphones are more likely to get into car accidents. Electrical products like computers can also be harmful for kids. If kids aren’t careful with the websites they use, criminals can get important information. Ning Li, 10 Most people spend too much time on their phones and TVs. They hurt their eyes and waste their time. And watching a lot of TV or playing games can influence kids’ learning and social skills. If the government limited screen time, people would be encouraged to spend more time with their family. They might join a sports team in their neighborhood. 11. When are kids allowed to play online games for an hour a day? A. On Mondays. B. On Wednesday. C. On weekends. 12. Who is against screen-time limits? A. Esme McNeely. B. Xiuhan Zhu. C. Ning Li. 13. What does the study from he University of Colorado Boulder show? A. Screen time might do no harm to kids. B Screen time can improve kids’ friendships. C. Screen time won’t help kids make friends. 14. What are Ning Li’s opinions about screen-time limits? A. Too much screen time can lead to tiredness. B. Criminals can get important information easily. C. People are encouraged to spend more time with their family. 15. What is the article mainly about? A. Screen time can be educational. B. Screen time can lead to less social time. C. Whether the government should set screen-time limits. 【答案】11. C 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C 【导语】本文针对政府是否应该负责限制孩子们花在网上的时间，几个孩子给出了自己的看法。 【11题详解】细节理解题。根据“On weekends and holidays, kids would be limited(限制) to an hour a day of online gaming.”可知，在周末和节假日，孩子们每天只能玩一个小时的网络游戏。故选C。 【12题详解】细节理解题。根据“Esme McNeely, 11...The government should not set screen-time limits.”可知，Esme McNeely反对限制，故选A。 【13题详解】细节理解题。根据“A 2021 study from the University of Colorado Boulder says screen time might be less harmful to kids than people think. Some parents worry that children online too much won’t make friends. But the study reports that screen time can actually improve kids’friendships.”可知，科罗拉多大学博尔德分校2021年的一项研究称，屏幕时间对孩子的伤害可能比人们想象的要小，一些家长担心孩子上网太多会交不到朋友，但研究报告称，屏幕时间实际上可以改善孩子们的友谊。故选B。 【14题详解】细节理解题。根据“If the government limited screen time, people would be encouraged to spend more time with their family.”可知，如果限制屏幕时间，人们就会被鼓励花更多的时间和家人在一起。故选C。 【15题详解】主旨大意题。本文针对政府是否应该负责限制孩子们花在网上的时间，几个孩子给出了自己的看法。选项C“政府是否应该设置屏幕时间限制”符合主题，故选C。 E Smart, Social Animals Recently, researchers have found that dolphins know their own names much like people. Dolphins talk to one another with whistles(口哨) and calls. Scientists have known that the animals also use unusual whistles to name each other. They had thought that dolphins only heard each other’s voices. However, the scientists didn’t know that dolphins listen for their names too. To test this idea, the researchers caught 14 dolphins and recorded their name calls. The scientists then copied each dolphin’s voice. When the changed recordings were played, the dolphins replied strongly to the names of their relatives and group members. They paid no attention to the names of dolphins they did not know. Dolphins live in large groups that grow and change. Each dolphin’s unusual whistle helps it quickly find a friend or a family member, or call for help. Understanding their calls requires learning. It’s a skill that’s seen in very few animals, which include humans, elephants and bats. Elephants, for example, communicate with sound. Their sounds can be heard by other elephants miles away. Dolphins, too, communicate with each other by making sounds like this. Elephants also communicate by moving their head, feet and trunk. In much the same way, dolphins communicate by their movements. They often touch each other to express friendship. Unlike dolphins, elephants also communicate by their great sense of smell. They can recognize other elephants by the smells they have. Why do dolphins and elephants share the gift of communication? Scientists think it may be because they are social and smart animals. Both have strong family relationship. Now, whether they also have nicknames is another question! 16. What have researchers found about dolphins recently? A. Dolphins know their own names. B. Dolphins only hear each other’s voices. C. Dolphins talk to one another not much like people. 17. Just before the researchers recorded dolphins’name calls, they ________. A. copied dolphins’ voice B. caught 14 dolphins C. trained the dolphins to whistle 18. When a dolphin gets into trouble, what will it do? A. It will call for help. B. It will turn its head. C. It will touch another dolphin. 19. What are the differences between dolphins and elephants in communication? A. Elephants can communicate by smell. B. Elephants can communicate by sound. C. Dolphins can communicate by movement. 20. What does the underlined word “recognize" mean in Chinese? A. 驱逐 B. 认出 C. 触碰 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. A 19. A 20. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍海豚和大象两种动物与同伴之间的交流方式。 【16题详解】细节理解题。根据“However, the scientists didn’t know that dolphins listen for their names too.”可知，海豚也会听它们的名字，说明海豚直到自己的名字。故选A。 【17题详解】细节理解题。根据“the researchers caught 14 dolphins and recorded their name calls”可知，研究人员抓了14只海豚，并记录了它们的叫声。故选B。 【18题详解】细节理解题。根据“Each dolphin’s unusual whistle helps it quickly find a friend or a family member, or call for help.”可知，每只海豚都能发出不同寻常的哨声，帮助它迅速找到朋友或家人，或呼救。故选A。 【19题详解】细节理解题。根据“Unlike dolphins, elephants also communicate by their great sense of smell. They can recognize other elephants by the smells they have.”可知，与海豚不同的是，大象也通过它们强大的嗅觉进行交流，它们可以通过气味认出其他大象。故选A。 【20题详解】词句猜测题。分析“Unlike dolphins, elephants also communicate by their great sense of smell. They can recognize other elephants by the smells they have.”可知，与海豚不同的是，大象也通过它们强大的嗅觉进行交流，所以它们可以通过气味认出其他大象。此处recognize的意思是“认出”，故选B。 2022湖南益阳卷 In ancient China，willow branches（柳枝） were often used as a gift to friends and family members who would leave. Do you know why willow branches are a symbol of saying goodbye？ One reason is that willow trees are strong. They can live in any soil，wet or dry，north or south. Because of this special feature，when saying goodbye to loved ones，giving a willow branch is a way to tell them you hope they will easily get used to their new living environment. Another reason is that，in Chinese，the pronunciation for the willow tree "柳" is similar to the character "留".So giving a willow branch in ancient China was like asking the others to stay，even though you know that they must leave. It's said that this custom became popular during the Han Dynasty. At that time，Baqiao，a bridge in Chang'an，today's Xi'an，was a common place to say goodbye. People often stopped there and handed willow branches to people who were going to depart. Willow branches，as a symbol of saying goodbye，were often mentioned in poems，especially at the time of the Tang and Song dynasties. 51. Who were willow branches often used as a gift to in ancient China？ 　 　 A.One's parents who would stay. B.One's friends and family members who would leave. C.One's love who would come back after being away for a long time. 52. According to the passage，the willow trees can live in any soil because they are 　 　. A.magic B.eautiful C.strong 53. Giving a willow branch in ancient China was like 　 　 . A.asking the others to stay B.asking the others for help C.wishing the others to leave 54. The underlined word "depart" in Paragraph 4 probably means " 　 　" in Chinese. A.返回 B.离开 C.相遇 55. What can be the best title for the passage？ 　 　 A.A kind of strong tree—Willow trees B.A common place to say goodbye—Baqiao C.A symbol of saying goodbye—Willow branches (51)细节理解题。根据In ancient China, willow branches (柳枝) were often used as a gift to friends and family members who would leave.(在中国古代，柳枝经常被用来作为礼物送给即将离开的朋友和家人。)可知送给即将离开的朋友和家人。故选B。 (52)细节理解题。根据One reason is that willow trees are strong. They can live in any soil, wet or dry, north or south. (一个原因是柳树很结实。它们可以生活在任何土壤中，潮湿或干燥，北方或南方。)可知是因为柳树很结实。故选C。 (53) 细节理解题。根据So giving a willow branch in ancient China was like asking the others to stay，(所以在中国古代, 送-根柳枝就像请别人留下一样。)可知像请别人留下一样。故选A。 (54) 词义理解题。根据People often stopped there and handed willow branches to people who were going to depart. (人们经常在那里停下来，把柳枝递给即将离开的人。)可知指的是离开。故选B。 (55)标题归纳题。根据Do you know why willow branches are a symbol of saying goodbye? (你知道 为什么柳枝是道别的象征吗)可知主要介绍了柳树枝表示的为什么是再见的含义。故选C。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题06 介绍说明文阅读 2024湖南长沙卷 What should you do when you can’t find the time to do a long workout? Have you heard of exercise snacks (零食式锻炼)? Exercise snacks are a popular and inventive new way for people to stay fit. Instead of spending hours on the playground, people break that “large meal” into exercise “snacks”. These exercises can last anywhere from 20 seconds to two minutes. Then you can have a rest for 30 minutes to four hours before another snack. It is reported that exercise snacks can be as useful as traditional exercise methods. Just three exercise snacks a day can benefit (使受益) your physical health. Besides that, there are lots of other benefits. Your concentration (专注力) and creativity get better, and you can become more productive. Also, “snacking” throughout the day stops you from sitting too long. There are so many acceptable exercise snacks, like doing sit-ups, jumping rope or running up and down some stairs (楼梯). But for those who don’t know where to start, here are some helpful exercise choices: Exercises such as lifting weights will satisfy the needs. Since most people don’t keep weights at their offices, lift full water bottles. Squats (深蹲) — moving your body as if to sit down while keeping your back straight. Five to ten of these should make a good snack. For those who don5t like traditional exercises, simply turn up the music. Pick a lively song and start dancing. It’ll make for a fun workout. What are you waiting for? Let’s get moving. Your body will thank you for it! 3. How long can an exercise snack last according to the passage? A. 20 seconds to two minutes. B. 30 minutes to four hours. C. Five to ten minutes. 4. Which is an acceptable exercise snack mentioned in the passage? A. Doing math exercises. B. Eating snacks. C. Doing sit-ups. 5. What is the writer’s attitude (态度) to exercise snacks? A. Doubtful. B. Unclear. C. Supportive. 6. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To change traditional eating habits. B. To introduce an inventive new way to stay fit. C. To encourage people to do long-time outdoor exercise. 2024湖南省卷 B Would you be able to sleep with one eye open? Bottlenose dolphins(宽吻海豚)can. When they sleep, onlyhalf of their brain goes to sleep. They sleep with one eye open to stay safe. Half of their brain sleeps for about twohours before the other half of their brain gets a chance to sleep. Sometimes, the dolphins will keep swimming whilethey are sleeping. Dolphins are not fish-they are mammals(哺乳动物). These mammals have lungs(肺). And they don't havegills(l) like fish. They are also warm-blooded and have to go to the surface ofthe water to get air in to their lungsDolphins don't lay eggs. Their young are born alive, and they drink milk from their mothers.Dolphins are one of the smartest animals in the world. There are many stories about how they save people outof water. They are able to solve many problems like humans. They can even use tools to catch fish. But theircleverness doesn't end there. Dolphins can also pass on anything they learn to other dolphins, like interestingfishing skils. They communicate with each other in many ways. They use different sounds to talk to each otherDolphins know the “voices” of other dolphins and even know exactly who is making which sound. Another thingthat shows their cleverness is that they can also know themselves in a mirror(锐F)and check different parts of theirbody in it. 24. Why do bottlenose dolphins sleep with one eye open? A. To stay safe B. To sleep for two hours. C. To swim faster 25.What can we learn about dolphins from paragraph 2? A. They use gills to get air. B. They are warm-blooded C. They lay eggs like fish 26. How do dolphins talk to each other? A. By learning fishing skills. B. By using different sounds. C. By checking their bodies. 27. Which part of a magazine may the passage be taken from? A. Art. B. Health. C. Nature. C Headphones are helpful. Many kids use them. But headphones can be harmful, too. They can cause hearingloss if the volume(音量)is too loud. Studies show that one out of every ten kids in the United States has some hearing loss. The cause is loud noise.Do you know how we hear? There are cells(红胞) inside the ears that help us hear. We can't see them with oureyes. “*We call them hair cells,” Jackie Clark said. “They look like hairs standing up." Clark is a scientist at theUniversity of Texas. She studies noises and ears. Sound cannot be seen, but it can make the hair cells move backand forward. Think of the wind in the leaves. Loud noises can damage(损伤) these cells. And once the cells are damaged, they don't grow back. Sometimesthere's tinnitus. “'It's like someone is playing a note on the flute(长笛) for along time,” Clark says. It shows we'relosing hearing. Tinnitus is not only harmful to our ears, also it can make us feel uneasy. That's why it's necessary toprotect our ears. How can we protect our-ears? We'd better keep the volume low when we use our headphones. We should beable to hear sounds around us. And other people shouldn't hear noise from our headphones. “If I can hear whatyou're listening to when you're wearing your headphones," Clark says,“ it's too loud." To protect our ears, keep our headphones at about half volume. 28. What can we know about hair cells? A.They help us hear. B. They look like hairs lying down. C. They can be seen clearly with our eyes. 29.What does the underlined word “tinnitus” mean in paragraph 3. A. A musical voice. B. A kind of instrument. C. Ringing in ears. 30. What's the main purpose of the last paragraph? A. To give advice. B. To show problems C. To explain reasons. 31. What's the main idea of the passage? A. Before listening to music, choose a good headphone. B. When using a headphone, keep the volume low. C.Afer using a headphone, check your ears. 2023湖南衡阳卷 （E） Motuo lies in the south of the Himalayas in Tibet. It is known as the “Natural Museum of Tibet”. It is home to all kinds of mountains, rivers, waterfalls, plants and animals its special geographic location (地理位置) makes it a beautiful place. It was one of the hardest places to reach and was the last city in China without a highway. The construction (施工) of the first highway to Motuo started in the 1960s. However, it was no completed until over 50 years later. In 2014, the construction of its second highway-the Paimo Highway started. In October 2022, the construction of the main body of the highway was completed. They are great engineering projects. In this area, earthquakes and heavy rains happened very often. There could be falling rocks or even landslides (滑坡). People must build many walls and nets to protect the two highways. Another challenge was the snow. Plenty of snow sometimes destroyed rocks and roads. As a result, the construction of the highways to Motuo was stopped several times. To solve this problem, people built a tunnel (隧道) that goes through the mountain area. The two highways stand for the Chinese spirit of “never giving up”. They are ways to connect Motuo to the outside world and show how China cares about people in the far areas. 26. Where is Motuo? A. It’s in the south of the Himalayas. B. It’s in the north of the Himalayas. C. It’s in the east of the Himalayas. 27. When did the construction of the first highway to Motuo start? A. In the 1980s. B. In the 1970s. C. In the 1960s. 28. How must people deal with the falling rocks or even landslides according to the passage? A. People must build a tunnel. B. People must build a bridge. C. People must build many walls and nets. 29. What do the two highways to Motuo stand for? A. The Chinese spirit of “being hard-working” B. The Chinese spirit of “never giving up” C. The Chinese spirit of “being honest”. 30. What’s the main idea of the article? A. To introduce the two highways to Motuo. B. To explain the importance of Motuo. C. To show the beauty of Motuo. （F） The Dolphin 1 is a kind of intelligent water rescue (救援) robot. It is independently developed by Yunzhou Technology, a company from Guangdong Province. The rescue robot became famous for its successful rescue of a boy who was washed away by waves in Weihai, Shandong Province on Aug9. 2022. The Dolphin 1 has many advantages. For example, it has high floatage (漂浮性), and its direction can be controlled. The Dolphin 1 can overturn (翻转) to adjust its position even in dangerous water conditions by itself. It is not hard to be remote-controlled (遥控) with one hand and the person who uses it does not need to have professional training before using it. When one accident happens, only one to two people are required to operate (操作) the robot for rapid rescue. Since it was put into use, the Dolphin I has saved several people’s lives in Zhuhai’s Wanshan Island and coastal areas of Weihai. It has been put into operation in rescue tasks in Jiangxi and Henan provinces. At present, the intelligent water rescue robot has been widely used in China. And more than 40 countries, including the United States of America. Spain, Italy, and Australia, have introduced the Dolphin 1 for rapid water rescue operations. 31. The underlined word “intelligent” in the first paragraph means “______” in Chinese A.智能的 B.时尚的 C.勤奋的 32. How many people are only required to operate the robot for rapid rescue if an accident happens? A. One to four people. B. One to three people. C. One to two people 33. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. Advantages of the water rescue robot. B. Research of the water rescue robot. C. Opinions on the water rescue robot. 34. Where has the water rescue robot been put into operation in rescue tasks? A. In Hunan and Jiangxi. B. In Jiangxi and Henan. C. In Hunan and Henan. 35. Which part of a newspaper might the passage come from? A. Travel. B. Science. C. Culture. 2023湖南怀化卷 In China, there are 24 solar terms (节气) in a year. And there are six solar terms in winter. They are beginning of winter, light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice (冬至), lesser cold (小寒) and greater cold. Beginning of winter usually falls on November 7th or 8th. On this day, after a year of hard work, people are happy to have a rest and spend time with the family. The northern China celebrates beginning of winter as the “Small Spring Festival”. People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day. Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow usually falls on December 7th or 8th. When winter solstice comes, it brings the shortest days of the year and the longest nights. Many places around the country can expect the coldest weather. Greater cold comes after lesser cold. The field is covered with snow. And all Chinese are ready to welcome the Spring Festival after it. Of course, a new round of solar terms will start. 48. How many solar terms are there in winter? A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven. 49. What do people in the northern China usually have on beginning of winter? A. Dumplings and mutton soup. B. Noodles and fish. C. Rice and chicken. 50. When does heavy snow usually fall? A. On November 22nd or 23rd. B. On December 1st or 2nd. C. On December 7th or 8th. 51 What is the passage mainly about? A. Beginning of winter. B The solar terms in winter. C. Greater cold. D ChatGPT is a smart AI chatbot(聊天机器人) tool. It is developed by US company OpenAI. It is very popular all over the world. It is reported that over 89 percent of students have used ChatGPT to help with their homework. You can ask it to write stories and emails, translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions. Some schools in the US, Australia and France don’t use ChatGPT. They are afraid that ChatGPT could make it easier for students to cheat (作弊) on homework. Some people also worry that ChatGPT could be used to give wrong information. However, not all schools say “no” to ChatGPT. Some Canadian schools are making decisions on its use for both students and teachers. They will not stop the use of ChatGPT. Bhaskar Vira, a teacher at the school in Cambridge, said that not using ChatGPT is not clever. “We have to know that people will get used to an AI tool in our learning, teaching and examinations,” he told a school newspaper. 52. ChatGPT is a ______ AI chatbot tool. A. strange B. useless C. smart 53. What can ChatGPT do? A. Fly kites. B. Cook food. C. Write stories. 54. Which of the following is TRUE? A. ChatGPT was developed by Canada. B. ChatGPT can help with homework. C. All schools in France use ChatGPT. 55. What’s the best title of the passage? A. ChatGPT B. A Useless Tool C. The History of AI 2023湖南永州卷 D On June 3, the United States Fish & Wildlife Service（USFWS）announced that it would protect the tricolored bats. The animal would be listed under the Endangered Species Act. This follows a similar announcement, made in March, to protect the endangered northern long-eared bats. The two kinds of bats are in danger, mainly because of an illness called white-nose syndrome（综合症）. “Bats play such an important role in keeping a healthy ecosystem.” USFWS director Martha Williams said. “But white-nose syndrome is destroying bats.” she added. White-nose syndrome is caused by a fungus（真菌）. It is known to influence only bats, showing up on the animal’s nose and wings. The fungus grows in places that are cold, dark, and wet, like caves. As it hurts a bat’s skin, the animal’s behavior starts to change. The bat becomes more active than normal, wasting the energy it needs to live. Worldwide, there are more than 1, 400 kinds of bats. Most bats are insectivores, which means they eat insects. In a single night, bats can eat insects of “up to half their weight.” This is good news for farmers, since bats eat insects that harm crops. According to the USFWS, the animals help U.S. farmers save more than $3 billion a year in insect control. Nowadays there is no treatment for white-nose syndrome. But scientists are developing ways to help bats. A 2018 study found that a special light can kill the fungus. Researchers are also testing a fungus-fighting thing that can be placed around areas where bats live. And they’re working on a vaccine（疫苗）. Local villagers also provide suggestions. One example: set bat boxes. The USFWS says it will announce a decision about how to list the tricolored bats by late 2023. A decision about the northern long-eared bats is expected next month. 11. Why are the tricolored bats and the long-eared bats in danger? A. Because of a special illness. B. Because of their food. C. Because of their living conditions. 12. How does the fungus kill a bat at last? A. By changing a bat’s behavior. B. By hurting a bat’s skin. C. By wasting the energy a bat needs to live. 13. Why are bats helpful to farmers in the USA? A. Because bats eat insects that harm crops. B. Because there are more than 1, 400 kinds of bats. C. Because bats cost them more than $3 billion each year. 14. What are the researchers doing to fight against the white-nose syndrome? A. They are testing a special light. B. They are working on a vaccine. C. They are setting bat boxes. 15. What is the article mainly about? A. A white-nose syndrome. B. Kinds of bats. C. Bats in danger. E Have you ever noticed plastic waste everywhere in your community? Dr. Aboubacar Kampo has. He was living in Côte d’Ivoire, a country on the coast of West Africa, where plastic is a big environmental problem, compared with water and air pollution. Côte d’Ivoire’s biggest city, Abidjan, produces more than 300 tons of plastic rubbish a day, and only about 5% is recycled. “How can we turn plastic into something useful?” Kampo wondered. So Kampo who works for UNICEF, the United Nations Children’s Fund, googled, researched, and then noticed a company in Colombia, a country in South America. Plastic pollution is a problem there, too. Conceptos Plásticos, the Colombian company that Kampo read about online, recycles plastic waste and turns it into big, Lego-like bricks（砖）for building schools and houses. Next, Kampo went to Colombia to learn about the company in person. He toured schools that were built with its bricks and the factory where the bricks were made. “Conceptos Plásticos gave us a solution.” Kampo said. He thought it could help with more than just the plastic problem. It could also improve children’s education. According to UNICEF, 1.6 million children in Côte d’Ivoire don’t go to school. One reason is that there aren’t enough classrooms. For kids who do go to school, classrooms are often very crowded. Kids often sit on the floor and can’t stand up because there isn’t room to move around. In 2018, UNICEF built its first classrooms in Abidjan, using bricks produced in Colombia by Conceptos Plásticos. Right away, the local education improved a lot. People couldn’t believe it at the beginning, that the classrooms were made of plastic. But now all the parents want their children in these classrooms. By the end of 2021 UNICEF had built 528 classrooms in Côte d’Ivoire. The new Conceptos Plásticos factory in Abidjan will soon be producing bricks from rubbish collected in children’s playgrounds and on the beach. The environmental influence is huge. Kampo says it takes about five and a half tons of plastic and just a few weeks to build a classroom. Unlike traditional building, no cement（水泥）is needed. “It’s just a hammer（锤子）and those bricks.” he added. 16. What is the main problem Côte d’Ivoire faces? A. Plastic pollution. B. Water pollution. C. Air pollution. 17. What can we learn about Conceptos Plásticos? A. It’s a company in West Africa. B. It recycles plastic waste online. C. It offers bricks for building the classrooms in Abidjan. 18. Which of the following best describes the parents about their kids’ future in Paragraph 5? A. Doubtful. B. Excited. C. Surprised. 19. How many tons of plastic are needed to build a classroom? A. About 5.5 tons. B. Only about 15 tons. C. More than 300 tons. 20. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Building Green B. An introduction to Kampo C. Côte d’Ivoire’s Environmental Problem 2023湖南郴州卷 Astronauts would face dangers both getting to and surviving (生存) on Mars. Let’s learn about surviving a trip to Mars. What would it take to keep people safe and healthy on a trip to Mars? Scientists are already working on it though the trip may be many years later. Over the last 60 years, many spacecraft (航天器) have flown by, orbited (沿轨道运行) and even landed on the Red Planet. However, humans could work faster and smarter than machines. That’s why the United States, China and other countries want to send people to Mars. But surviving this trip would not be easy. A trip to Mars would be the farthest journey in human history. Mars is about 225 million kilometers away, so it would take astronauts at least six months to reach there. However, it only takes a few days to get to the moon. While space travel is never free of danger, it takes a lot more health risks to travel in space for a long time. For one thing, staying in space for long periods makes the human body weak. Also, it puts pressure behind the eyes and causes eye problems. But gravity (重力) machines could help. Then there’s space radiation (辐射) to worry about. It might raise the risk of health problems. especially for astronauts who will have long journeys. Scientists are working out the problems. They have found taking certain vitamins (维生素) can help. Astronauts will have to pack light to lift off from Earth. But they won’t be able to get things they need like astronauts on the space station do. Astronauts on the space station practice for this by growing lettuce and other food in space. Engineers are developing 3-D printing techniques which could allow future Mars astronauts to build tools as needed. 31. Why do the countries want to send astronauts to Mars? A. Because spacecraft couldn’t work on Mars. B. Because humans could work faster and smarter than machines. C. Because scientists have worked out how to survive on Mars. 32. How long would it take astronauts to reach Mars? A. A few days. B. At least six weeks. C. Al least six months. 33. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. A trip to the moon would be the farthest journey in human history. B. Space radiation might raise the risk of health problems for astronauts. C. Taking certain vitamins can help reduce pressure behind the eyes in space. 34. In the last paragraph, the writer implies (暗示) that ________. A. Mars astronauts will be able to get things they need B. Mars astronauts can grow lettuce and other food now C. 3-D printing techniques could allow astronauts to build tools as needed 35. The passage mainly talks about ________. A. surviving a trip to Mars B. spacecraft landing on Mars C. health problems of future Mars astronauts 2023湖南株洲卷 D There were actors performing Qingiang Opera at the Tang Paradise on February 5th, 2023. Tang Paradise, located in the south) of Xi’an, is a large cultural theme park showing the lifestyle of the Tang Dynasty. Qingiang Opera, which came from the ancient folk songs and dances of the people in Shaanxi and Gansu province, is one of the longest-live forms of opera in China. According to historical records, the local opera dates all the way back to the Qin Dynasty (22IBC-207BC). Qinqiang Opera is a reflection of ancient Chinese people’s daily life and feelings. However, the development of pop and Western music influenced Qinqiang Opera deep in the 1990s. During this difficult time, many Qinqiang Opera actors had no choice but to leave the opera stage where they performed. They then took on several jobs to make a living, including working as businessmen, running clothing shops and acting in small film roles. Qinqiang Opera was listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2006. It has a great influence on the development of Qinqiang Opera. About ten years ago, the audiences were mostly old people. Now lots of young audiences pour in and Qinqiang Opera performances are warmly welcomed. The member of young performers has increased as well. The revival of Qinqiang Opera was not only attracted more young actors and audiences but also reflected the country’s cultural development. 51. Which of the following is TRUW about the Tang Paradise? A. It’s in the north of Xi’an B. It’s a large cultural theme park. C. It shows the lifestyle of the Qin Dynasty 52. Qingiang Opera came from ______. A. the ancient folk songs and dances B. pop music and Western music C. country music and dances 53. Qinqiang Opera was deeply influenced by the development of pop and Western music ______. A. in the 1970s B. in the 1980s C. in the 1990s 54. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Qinqiang Opera? A. Qinqiang Opera is one of the longest-live forms of opera in China. B. Qinqaing Opera was listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2023. C. Now Qingiang Opera performances are welcomed by lots of young audiences. 55. The passage mainly talks about ______. A. the Tang Paradise B. Qinqaing Opera C. pop and Western music E Take care of your plants! They may “shout” if you treat them badly. Plants can make sounds when they se stressed, according to a recent study. “Plants use sound to communicate with animals all the time, so it would be very inconvenient for plants not to use sound at all.” Lilach Hadany, co-author (合著者) of the study, told Science Focus. With this in mind, the research team started by recording plants’ sounds. They put sweet-pepper and tomato plants in soundproof boxes to shut off the noise in the environment Several ultrasonic microphones (超声波麦克风) were then put near the plants, which can record between 20 and 250 kilohertz (千赫兹). A human adults ear can hear about 16 kilohertz. There were three groups of plants: One group wasn’t watered for five days, another group had some parts cut off and the last group was untouched. The microphones caught sounds from 40 to 80 kilohertz from the fist two groups. The sound, which was similar to the noise of popcorn popping grew louder and louder during the five days of water stress. They then began to become weaker and weaker as the plants dried out. A stressed plan produced the popping sound around 30 to 50 times per hour, while the untouched group only produced around once per hour, according to the study. 56. Plants use ______ to communicate with animals all the time according to the study. A. sound B. smell C. light 57. What does the underlined word “soundproof” in P3 mean? A. 发出声音的 B. 隔离声音的 C. 吸收声音的 58. A human adult’s ear can hear about ______. A. 16 kilohertz B. 20 kilohertz C. 250 Kilohertz 59. According to the study, the untouched group of the plants produced the popping sound around ______. A. 40 to 80 times per hour B. 30 to 60 times per hour C. once per hour 60. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Plants can make sounds. B. How to take care of your plants. C. The team made machine-learning applications. 2023湖南张家界卷 In our lives we can see more and more robots in different places. They are helpful and do lots of things. They can not only work indoors, but also outdoors. They can even do tasks that nobody wants to do. One special robot can help in fast food restaurants. At first, the robot only made burgers. But workers thought it could do more. Now, the robot can make many kinds of food like french fries and fried onions. It works faster than people because it can do more tasks at the same time. So it saves a lot of time and work. Also, the robot knows exactly when the food is ready. Workers are happy that they don’t have to do them, especially at night. Another special robot can even do tasks that are difficult or dangerous. It is so big that it can carry things of up to 40 kilograms and can reach as high as ten meters, too. It helps workers fix railway lines (维修铁路线路). That’s because electricity can make some workers in danger and even fall sometimes. The robot can help them solve these problems and makes their lives much safer. These unusual robots seem to be doing good jobs, but they still need help from people. People control robots with a computer or a remote control (遥控器) and a VR headset (虚拟现实头盔). Scientists say robots can help in more places and play a more important part in the near future. 26. Where does the special robot work indoors? A. In the museum. B. At the bus station. C. In fast food restaurants. 27. What food can the special robot make at first? A. Burgers. B. French fries. C. Fried onions. 28. What can make workers in danger when they fix railway lines? A. Earthquake. B. Electricity. C. Rainstorm. 29. We can infer (推断) that ______ from the 4th paragraph. A. There will be fewer robots in our homes to do good jobs. B. These special robots can’t work without people’s help. C. There are four ways to order the robots to do all things. 30. What’s the best title of the passage? A. The Fastest Robots B. The Biggest Robots C. The Unusual Robots 2023湖南长沙卷 C Anyone who has seen The Sound of Music, the Oscar-winning movie, knows the famous city of Salzburg in Austria. The musical movie was filmed in and around the city. To enjoy the amazing (令人惊叹的) city, you only have to walk through the alleys (小巷). The sounds of music in Salzburg are not just from the famous film. Mozart, one of the greatest musicians, was born here, and the city is proud of him. You’ll hear Mozart’s music all over the city. And you can visit Mozart’s birthplace, learn about his childhood and even try the chocolate named for him: a Mozart ball! Don’t miss visiting the Salzburg Residenz, which was the rulers’ palace in the past. It was here that Mozart performed (表演) for the first time in his life. A visit to Salzburg in December must include time in the Christmas markets, which can be found here and there. Visit the marketplaces for a hot drink. Then enjoy the beautiful handiwork for sale. Salt was so important to the city of Salzburg that the city was named for it. This “white gold” brought wealth to the rulers. You can visit the Hallein Salt Mine (矿), one of the oldest in the world. Take a train ride into the mountain, where miners will explain the mining process (过程). Then enjoy a boat ride across an underground lake. These are just a few of the enjoyable places in this small Austrian city. There are much more waiting for you to explore. Make sure to plan a trip to this breathtaking city. Its history and culture will excite your senses. 6. What do we know about The Sound of Music? A. It was filmed by Mozart. B. It is an Oscar-winning movie. C. It is a movie of Salzburg’s chocolate. 7. Where did Mozart perform for the first time in his life? A. In a Christmas market. B. At the Hallein Salt Mine. C. At the Salzburg Residenz. 8. What is the “white gold” in Paragraph 4? A. Salt. B. Music. C. A hot drink. 9 Which of the following does the writer agree with? A. Salzburg is too small to visit. B. Salzburg is a place worth visiting. C. There is nothing interesting in Salzburg. 10. What section (部分) of a magazine is the text taken from? A. Travel. B. Sports. C. Science. D It is commonly believed that children are too young to fully appreciate (欣赏) the experience and knowledge of their elders, while many think that old people don’t understand the young. But actually (事实上), both groups have a lot to learn from each other. James Smith runs the Smith’s Care Home in my city. It is mainly an organization (机构) for serving the elderly. But not all of its visitors are old people. The home also includes a childcare center for pre-school kids. There is a playground in the care home, where the elderly can play with the kids. In this way, they can learn more about each other, and respect (尊重) and understand one another. I suppose this is quite an interesting idea. For one thing, we live in a world where there are more and more old people. The world is facing this problem and its population ages. It will be important for young people to be able to understand and care for the elderly in the coming years. Regretfully, my own grandparents weren’t around when I was little, as they had already passed away. I never got to learn what the world was like through their eyes, or what kinds of problems they might have faced when they were my age. To me, their lives will always be a mystery — hard to understand or explain. However, I think I can still learn from other people of older generations (辈). I might find some of their ideas out of date, and they might believe that my generation’s way of thinking is strange or incorrect. But we can still learn from each other anyway. 11. What is special about the Smith’s Care Home? A. It is only a childcare center actually. B. The elderly look after kids carefully there. C. It accepts both the elderly and pre-school kids. 12. In the writer’s opinion (观点),what problem is the world facing? A. There are more and more old people. B. The world’s population is dropping rapidly. C. The world is short of care homes for old people. 13. What does the underlined word “mystery” mean in Paragraph 4? A. 笑话 B. 悲剧 C. 谜团 14. How does the writer develop his/her idea in this text? A. By giving examples. B. By listing numbers. C. By raising questions. 15. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To explain why the world’s population ages. B. To encourage different generations to learn from each other. C. To show that older generations’ ways of thinking are incorrect. 2023湖南常德卷 C Toys and games are fun, but inventing them is serious business. Big toy companies treat it even more serious, because the more toys they sell, the more money they make. They have adults who do nothing but think up new toys. Sometimes they even work in locked rooms so no one can steal their ideas! But not every new toy is invented that way. Some of the best inventions are made by kids. Thirteen-year-old Casey loved to play golf. He invented a way to make the game more fun. He invented a new golf tee (球座). It is called the Bio tees. Most golf tees are made from wood, but Casey’s tee is made out of recycled paper. It does not harm the environment. Casey started his own company to make his new tee. He’s already had orders for millions of them. Jessica invented a toy when she was only eight. Jessica likes to jump rope. She jumps alone and she jumps with friends. To jump alone, you need a short rope. With friends, you need a long rope. So Jessica invented a new kind of jump rope. The length of Jessica’s jump rope can be modified (调整). It can be made long to jump with friends. Or it can be made short to jump alone. When you finish jumping, you can even turn the jump rope into a belt. Now Jessica has a business to sell her jump ropes. Do you have a great idea for a new invention? Give your idea a try. It may become the next Bio tee or latest jump ropes. 9. Why do some adults work in locked rooms when they think up new toys? A. To keep their ideas from being stolen. B. To invent more toys. C. To make more money. 10. What is Casey’s golf tee made out of? A. Wood. B. Gold. C. Recycled paper. 11. How old was Jessica when she invented the new kind of jump rope? A. 13. B. 10. C. 8. 12. Whom may the writer call on to try ideas for new inventions? A. Teachers. B. Kids. C. Parents. D Indoor and outdoor gardening has become more and more popular. It helps us build a stronger connection (连接) with nature and makes us feel more relaxed. Gardening is reported to be good for the environment and wildlife. Gardens offer a home to wildlife. They also act as passages for nature, allowing wildlife to move from one place to the next. ________ One study found that gardening for 30 minutes can be compared with playing badminton, volleyball or practicing yoga. Gardening can improve your mood in lots of ways. If you feel nervous or worried, looking after plants can help to keep your mind on something else. Watching a seed (种子) grow into a healthy plant can make you feel happy and satisfied. According to a study, people who garden 2-3 times a week have a 6.6% higher happiness score and 4.2% lower stress level compared to people who don’t garden at all. Gardening is a great way to connect with nature and people. When you are new to a place, you can get to know your neighbors by sharing fruit or vegetables you grow with them. And it is an easy way to start conversations and show how friendly you are. You could also find friends with the same hobby in the gardening club. If there’s no club, start your own gardening club and invite your friends to join you. Why not get some fresh air and try to grow something right now? 13. What does the underlined word “passages” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. 文章 B. 家园 C. 通道 14. Which of the following can be put in the “________”? A. It is friendly to them. B. It’s also great for your health. C. It makes a big difference to our life. 15. According to the study, how do people feel when they garden 2-3 times a week? A. More pleased. B. More stressed. C. Less relaxed. 16. How can you easily connect with your neighbors when you are new to a place? A. By sharing fruit or vegetables you grow. B. By inviting them to join a club. C. By growing something. E Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon? Many people feel this way after lunch. They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or, in summer, they may think it is the heat. However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time, about eight hours after you wake up, your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy. In many parts of the world, people take naps (打盹) in the middle of the day. This is especially true in warmer weather, in which the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. Researchers are now saying that naps are good for everyone in any weather. A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind, which is good for health in general. In countries where naps are traditional, people don’t often have problems such as heart disease. Many working people, unluckily, have no time to take naps. Though doctors may advise taking naps, employers (老板) do not allow it! If you do have the chance, however, here are a few tips about making the most of your nap. Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up. A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterwards. If you do not have enough time, try a short nap—even ten minutes of sleep can be helpful. 17. Why do you sometimes feel sleepy in the early afternoon? A. It’s very hot in summer. B. You eat too much for lunch. C. Your body temperature goes down at that time. 18. What does the underlined word “This” mean in the second paragraph? A. The heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. B. Naps are good for everyone in any weather. C. People take naps in the middle of the day. 19. According to the passage what’s the best time to take a nap if you get up at 6 a. m? A. At 11 a. m. B. At 2 p. m. C. At 4 p. m. 20. What would be the best title for the passage? A. All Need a Nap B. Just For a Rest C. A Special Sleep 2022湖南湘西卷 In the Chinese history，writing tools play an important role.Among them，the writing brush is the first one that should be paid attention to. The beginning of the writing brush in China can date back to （追溯到） the Neolithic Age （新石器时代） ，while its popularity was during the Warring States period （战国时期） .This tool is widely used in Chinese writing and painting. Nowadays，calligraphy （书法） classes are taught to students at school.Teachers teach students how to use the writing brush to enjoy and spread traditional Chinese culture.The soft brush can create strong and powerful lines on paper.But that only comes through years of hard work.If you want to be an excellent writing artist and be highly praised by others，you need to keep practicing for a long time every day. For many Chinese artists，the brush is more than a writing tool. "It seems in my blood，when I pick up the writing brush，suddenly my thoughts，ideas and even stories build a relationship with the brush，" said Liu Qinghe，a famous Chinese artist.With a good writing brush，when we put our ideas into it，we give it life. 56. Among writing tools， 　 　is the first one that should be paid attention to. A.paper B.ink C.the writing brush 57. What time can the writing brush in China date back to？ 　 　 A.The Neolithic Age. B.The Warring States period. C.The Spring and Autumn period. 58. Which of the following can describe the lines created by the writing brush？ 　 　 A.Weak and careful. B.Strong and powerful. C.Straight and beautiful. 59. Why do the teachers teach students how to use the writing brush？ 　 　 A.To tell all students to use the writing brush out of class. B.To enjoy and spread traditional Chinese culture. C.To help students get high grades in examinations. 60. What can you learn from the passage？ 　 　 A.If you want to be an excellent writing artist，you need to keep practicing. B.Calligraphy classes aren't taught to students at school now. C.The writing brush is only widely used in Chinese writing. 2022湖南长沙卷 Otters（水獭）are cute water animals. These days, keeping otters as pets is getting popular. In Japan, some “otter cafés（咖啡馆）” are open for business. People can pay to play with the otters there and to take photos with them. In Indonesia, people go swimming with their pet otters and take funny videos. These photos and videos posted online have interested more people to buy otters as pets. However, these enjoyable photos and videos hide the damage（损害）that the online trade is doing to otters. In fact, wild otters are facing many threats—they have long been hunted（猎杀）for their coats; in some places, fishermen have been killing otters in order to stop them from eating fish; and now, the online pet trade has become another big problem for otters. In the wild, baby otters usually stay with their mothers during their first year of life. According to a report, 70% of the otters sold online are under one year old. These baby otters have been stolen from their mothers. When they are kept as pets by humans, they do not live full and natural lives. Otters are very social. They live in family groups of up to 15 in the wild. Keeping an otter as a pet can make it very sad and lonely. These animals also need enough space to swim. Their owners’ bathtubs（浴缸）or pools are nowhere near as large as the bodies of water in the wild. On the other hand, otters simply don’t make good pets. They have a very special fishy smell. If they are kept indoors, they will leave a lot of waste around the house. This would make the smell even more unpleasant. Besides, when otters are unhappy, they will make loud noises and even attack（攻击）people. If a person is hurt by an otter, he or she needs to go to hospital at once. So, we should stop the otter pet trade and never share photos and videos about them online. 11. What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about? A. The ways of buying otters online. B. The advantages of playing with otters. C. The popularity of keeping otters as pets. 12. What does the underlined word “threats” mean in Paragraph 2? A. 机遇 B. 威胁 C. 选择 13. What do we know about otters in the wild? A. They live in family groups of up to 15. B. They don’t need enough space to swim. C. Baby otters never stay with their mothers. 14. Why don’t otters make good pets? a. They may attack people. b. They may make loud noises. c. They have a special fishy smell. d. They need to go to hospital often. A. a, b, c B. a, b, d C. b, c, d 15. What is the writer’s main purpose of writing the text? A. To tell people the otters’ living habits. B. To teach people how to keep a pet otter. C. To call on people to stop the otter pet trade. 2022湖南张家界卷 There are many holidays and festivals in China. One of them is International Labor Day. It’s on May 1st. People enjoy a one-day holiday. They often go shopping or traveling. The Dragon Boat Festival is on lunar May 5th. On this day, people have dragon boat races in many places and eat zongzi to remember Qu Yuan. People can enjoy a one-day holiday, too. October 1st is the National Day of China. It is a very important holiday. All the people in the country celebrate the birthday of China on this day. In Beijing, many people go to Tian’anmen Square to watch the national flag rise. 23. How many holidays and festivals are mentioned（提及）in the passage? ________ A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. 24. According to the passage, what do people often do on International Labor Day? ________ A. Go shopping or traveling. B. Watch the national flag rise. C. Watch dragon boat races. 25. People eat zongzi to remember ________ on the Dragon Boat Festival. A. Li Bai B. Qu Yuan C. Lu Yu. 26. When is the National Day of China? ________ A. On May 1st. B. On lunar May 5th. C. On October 1st. D Bing Dwen Dwen is the cute mascot（吉祥物）of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. It was very popular during the Games. There were 14 members in the design（设计）team of Bing Dwen Dwen. They are all teachers and graduate students from a college in Guangzhou. Bing Dwen Dwen looks like an astronaut in a space suit. It waves its left hand to say hello. It has two red hearts on its palms（掌心）, showing kindness and love. As for Bing Dwen Dwen’s popularity, Cao Xue, the leader of the design team, said he did not expect it to be so popular. “Its ice shell（外壳）is cold, but its image looks warm and lovely. I believe this kind of warmth can be something everybody feels.” Said Cao. 27. What is the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games? ________ A. Beibei. B. Bing Dwen Dwen. C. Panpan. 28. Where does the design team come from? ________ A. A college in Guangzhou. B. A college in Beijing. C. A college in Shanghai. 29. What does Bing Dwen Dwen look like? ________ A. A doctor. B. An astronaut. C. A policeman. 30. The underlined word “image” means “________” in Chinese in paragraph 4. A. 形象 B. 习惯 C. 爱好 2022湖南怀化卷 When you walk on the street, you may see a lot of Chinese restaurants. Chinese food has been enjoyed in western countries for a long time. To make westerners enjoy Chinese food better, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes. “One example is the meat,” said Yin Hang, who is studying at the University of Wollongong in Australia. “We like to eat meat with the bone （骨头） in China, but people here don’t. Chinese restaurants provide big pieces of meat without bones.” Some Chinese brands are also becoming more popular. In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers, reported Reuters（路透社）. In the past, most western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable. But things have changed greatly. “Made in China” has become cool and more people trust Chinese brands. 32. What do Chinese restaurants do to make westerners enjoy Chinese food better? A. Cut the prices. B. Provide a clean environment. C. Change the dishes. 33. According to Reuters, stores sell _________ in many cities in Europe. A. Australian brands B. Chinese brands C. European brands 34. What does the underlined word “unreliable” mean? A. 不可靠 B. 不漂亮 C. 不光滑 35. What is the passage about? A. Chinese food and products become more popular all over the world. B. Chinese like to eat meat without bones. C. Western people thought Chinese products were cheap. 2022湖南湘潭卷 Recently, a study (研究), published in BMC Medicine, found that sitting in front of the TV for a long time was a risk for people’s health. After scientists used data (数据) on 370, 000 people, covering 12 years, they found about 9, 000 developed heart disease. They found people with genes (基因) of heart problems were more likely to develop heart disease. However, they found that people without such genes watching more than four hours of TV every day were also at the greatest risk of heart disease. People spending 2 to 3 hours a day watching TV had a 6% lower risk. And those who watched less than an hour had a 16% lower risk. The scientists of the research team finally found cutting TV watching time to less than an hour a day could prevent 10% of heart disease. In life, people who want “one more episode (剧集)” might be the group at a higher risk, for they are easy to spend more time watching TV. If they have more snacks while watching TV, it might add the risk of putting their hearts in danger. So, if people want to watch TV longer, standing up and moving the body, or hanging out will work. But limiting their time on TV could be a more useful way to help them avoid possible heart problems in the future. 16. According to the text, how long did the research cover? A. 10 years. B. 12 years. C. 14 years. 17. From paragraph 2, which of the following is right? A. People watching one hour of TV are at the greatest risk. B. The less time people spend on TV, the lower the risk is. C. Watching TV is the only reason to develop heart disease. 18. Which best explains “limiting” underlined in paragraph 3? A. 限制 B. 记录 C. 花费 19. Where is this text probably from? A. A tour guide. B. A story book. C. A newspaper. 20. What is the main idea of the text? A. We’d better not watch TV more than one hour a day. B. Hanging out after dinner is good for our heart health. C. Having snacks while watching TV adds risks for heart. 2022湖南岳阳卷 Spring Equinox The 4th term March 20th~April 5th Grain in Ear The 9th term June 5th~June 20th Beginning of Autumn The 13th term August 7th~ August22nd Greater Cold The 24th term January 20th~ February 2nd Everything begins to grow and flowers come out. Some birds fly back to the north. People always fly kites and go climbing. It’s a long period of continuous（持续不断）rainy and cloudy weather. Farmers are busy sowing （播种）and working in the fields. The leaves of trees start to fall, as the saying goes “one leaf falls, autumn arrives.” people can feel that the wind is getting cool. It is snowy and cold. People wear thick clothes to keep warm. Children often make snowmen and do some winter sports like ice skating. 23. Spring Equinox is the best time to ________. A. fly kites B. pick up leaves C. make snowmen 24. How’s the weather during Grain in Ear? A. Sunny and hot. B. Rainy and cloudy. C. Snowy and cold. 25. Which solar term is the last one of all the solar terms? A. Spring Equinox. B. Grain in Ear. C. Greater Cold. 2022湖南常德卷 Bike to Work Day Bike-to-Work Day is held every year across North America on the third Friday of May. It was started by the League of American Bicyclists in 1956. Its aim is to promote (促进) the bicycle as a serious choice of getting to and from work. In today’s world where global warming is a serious issue, the bicycle is a perfect way of reducing our carbon (碳) footprint. Cycling to work is a healthy alternative (选择) to driving or taking public transport. A healthier society means there is not so much pressure (压力) on the country’s health system. Of course, it depends on how far you live from your place of work. ________ Another benefit of cycling is feeling more creative and full of energy once you get to work, which will improve your performance. Bicycles are the most common form of transport in the world. There are about one billion worldwide. This makes it the most popular invention ever. When we think of some countries, like China, we imagine hundreds of people cycling everywhere. Even in high-tech Japan, it is impossible not to see businessmen, farmers, mothers or workers in the streets on their bikes. Bicycles were invented in the 19th century and haven’t changed much since. Bicycles now have gears, better brakes and suspension, but the shape is the same as before. We use bicycles today for recreation, fitness, policing, Olympic competition, mail delivery and lots more. Without the bicycle, much of the world might stop working! 17. The “may” in ________ has the same meaning as the underlined one in the first paragraph. A. Welcome, sir. May I help you? B. May 1st is a Labor Day Holiday worldwide. C. May this year be a happy and healthy one for you and your families! 18. Which can best replace “________” in the passage? A. Cycling is also much kinder on your pocket. B. After all, bike to work is much healthier. C. Cycling makes you full of energy. 19 Why does the author mention China? A. People in Japan also like bicycles. B. To tell us the bicycle was invented in China. C. To show the bicycle is the most common form of transport. 20. What can we know from the last paragraph? A. Bicycles are full of use. B. We can’t work without bicycles. C. Bicycles have changed a lot since invented. 2022湖南邵阳卷 Chopsticks are a pair of small equal-length sticks, usually made of wood, used for eating Asian food. It is believed that the first chopsticks were developed in China. Chopsticks play an important role in Chinese food culture. Chinese chopsticks are usually 9 to 10 inches long. They are round on the eating end which means heaven (天), and the other end is square which means earth. The appearance of chopsticks said goodbye to those days when our Chinese ancestors had to use their hands to eat. Besides, the use of chopsticks has also been a part of Chinese food culture. There are some taboos that you must pay great attention to when you use chopsticks. Firstly, don’t use them to hit your bowl or plate. Secondly, never use them to point at others. Thirdly, don’t put them in different food without taking something. Fourthly, don’t cross the chopsticks on the table. And lastly don’t leave your chopsticks standing in the rice. Chinese people do this only when they honour the dead. Nowadays, chopsticks have many new usages. For example, you can buy a pair as a gift to your friends and relatives. In Chinese, it reads “kuaizi”, which means having sons soon, so a newly-married couple will be very happy to accept it as their wedding gift. 31. In which country are chopsticks mainly used? A. France. B. China. C. Australia. 32. What did our Chinese ancestors use to eat according to the passage? A. Hands. B. Chopsticks. C. Spoons. 33. What does the underlined word “taboos” mean in Chinese? A. 用途 B. 禁忌 C. 说明 34. Which of the following is TRUE from the passage? A. The round end means earth, while the other square end means heaven. B. You can use the chopsticks to point at others when you are angry. C. Chopsticks can be used as gifts. 35. What does the passage mainly tell us? A. The introduction of chopsticks. B. The history of chopsticks. C. The ways to use chopsticks. 2022湖南郴州卷 In 1901, Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian scientist, discovered that there are four types of blood. These four blood types are named A, B, AB and O. People have one of these four types. Blood type O is the most common around the world. Blood type A is the second most common, and type AB is the least common. If people with type A blood are given type B blood, or people with type B blood are given type A blood, they will probably die. In 1927, a Japanese doctor, Furukawa Takeji, did a research and found that people with different blood types also have different personalities（性格）. He said that people with type A blood are usually calm and serious; people with type B blood are curious（好奇的）, cheerful, and outgoing; people with type O blood are generous（慷慨的）and honest; while those with type AB blood are often caring, creative and careful. More recently, a doctor in the United States wrote a book that connects blood types with what people eat. For example, his book suggests people with type O blood should eat more meat and less bread and people with type A blood should eat more vegetables. His book, Eat Right for Your Type, has been popular with people who want to lose weight. However, Dr. Peter D’Adamo believes that if a person wants to lose weight easily, he had better eat food that matches his blood type. He thinks it will make the person healthier in other ways, too. 31. Karl Landsteiner discovered that ________. A. there are four types of personalities B. blood is divided into four types C. blood types are connected with what people eat 32. Where did Furukawa Takeji come from? A. Japan. B. America. C. Austria. 33. What kind of people are more interested in Eat Right for Your Type? A. People with type B blood. B. People who are too heavy. C. People who are thin. 34. From the passage we can infer（推断）that __________. A. people with type B blood can’t be given type A blood B. people with type AB blood are calm and honest C. people with type O blood should eat more vegetables and less bread 35. What is the passage mainly about? A. The types of blood. B. Blood types and personalities. C. Three men’s discoveries or research about blood types. 2022湖南永州卷 C Parents and children often face the challenges of money. Common topics include setting pocket money, learning to save, and deciding to buy expensive things. The goal of most parents is to teach their kids how to deal with money wisely. The goal of most kids is getting money to spend. How can families achieve these goals? The Tidier family in Denver found the best way to teach about money was to let their kids make some money. Their son, Ryan, 17, has been watering in the garden since he was 8. He owned his own tools with the help of his parents. Now he has saved $7,800. Besides, he bought a bike and a wonderful sound system. And he is going to buy a car next year. Money skills are an important part of becoming a successful adult. David Brady manages a company toward children and young adults. “They shouldn’t be always thinking of spending money.” Brady warns. Instead, they should understand basic rules for making money, saving money, and managing money. That knowledge is greatly needed. Over the past ten years, most Americans aged 18 to 24 borrowed nearly $3,000 on credit card(信用卡). Among high school seniors, four out of five have never taken a class about money. Giselle Lopez, 17, of New York City, learned the hard way. She owed(欠) $2,000 on her first credit card. Her parents refused to pay, so Giselle got a job. Then she paid the money off slowly by herself. “Now every time I use money, I know that it comes from my own pocket,” Giselle says. “That gives me a sense of responsibility for my actions.” Different kids will have different styles when it comes to money. Teaching them how to use money doesn’t have to mean setting strict rules. When children like Ryan and Giselle have their own money to consider, they can learn to set those rules themselves. 6. What is the goal of most parents about money? A. To set kids’pocket money. B. To get money to spend. C. To teach kids how to deal with money wisely. 7. What is the best way to teach about money in The Tidier family? A. To buy expensive things. B. To give kids some money. C. To let kids make some money. 8. What did Ryan buy with his own money? A. A car. B. A bike. C. Watering tools 9. How much money did Giselle owe on her first credit card? A. $2,000. B. $3,000 C. $7,800. 10. How did Giselle pay the money of she owed? A. By credit card. B. By her parents. C. By herself. D On August 30, 2021, the Chinese government announced that kids would not be allowed to play online games Mondays to Thursdays. On weekends and holidays, kids would be limited(限制) to an hour a day of online gaming. “Recently, many parents have reported that playing games crazily among some youths and children is seriously harming their normal study, life and health.” the Chinese government said online. This news got us thinking. Should the government be responsible for limiting how much time kids spend online? Here are some students’opinions. Esme McNeely, 11 The government should not set screen-time limits. That decision should be up to parents. Some children need to use screens for homework. And during the COVID-19, one of the only ways to talk to friends was online. Government limits would not be fair to people who are careful with their screen time. Lucas Barone, 11 The government should not limit screen time. A 2021 study from the University of Colorado Boulder says screen time might be less harmful to kids than people think. Some parents worry that children online too much won’t make friends. But the study reports that screen time can actually improve kids’friendships. In fact, screen time can be educational. I use websites to read and to learn math. Xiuhan Zhu, 9 I think the government should take action and limit screen time for kids. Too much screen time can lead to tiredness and less social time. People who use smartphones are more likely to get into car accidents. Electrical products like computers can also be harmful for kids. If kids aren’t careful with the websites they use, criminals can get important information. Ning Li, 10 Most people spend too much time on their phones and TVs. They hurt their eyes and waste their time. And watching a lot of TV or playing games can influence kids’ learning and social skills. If the government limited screen time, people would be encouraged to spend more time with their family. They might join a sports team in their neighborhood. 11. When are kids allowed to play online games for an hour a day? A. On Mondays. B. On Wednesday. C. On weekends. 12. Who is against screen-time limits? A. Esme McNeely. B. Xiuhan Zhu. C. Ning Li. 13. What does the study from he University of Colorado Boulder show? A. Screen time might do no harm to kids. B Screen time can improve kids’ friendships. C. Screen time won’t help kids make friends. 14. What are Ning Li’s opinions about screen-time limits? A. Too much screen time can lead to tiredness. B. Criminals can get important information easily. C. People are encouraged to spend more time with their family. 15. What is the article mainly about? A. Screen time can be educational. B. Screen time can lead to less social time. C. Whether the government should set screen-time limits. E Smart, Social Animals Recently, researchers have found that dolphins know their own names much like people. Dolphins talk to one another with whistles(口哨) and calls. Scientists have known that the animals also use unusual whistles to name each other. They had thought that dolphins only heard each other’s voices. However, the scientists didn’t know that dolphins listen for their names too. To test this idea, the researchers caught 14 dolphins and recorded their name calls. The scientists then copied each dolphin’s voice. When the changed recordings were played, the dolphins replied strongly to the names of their relatives and group members. They paid no attention to the names of dolphins they did not know. Dolphins live in large groups that grow and change. Each dolphin’s unusual whistle helps it quickly find a friend or a family member, or call for help. Understanding their calls requires learning. It’s a skill that’s seen in very few animals, which include humans, elephants and bats. Elephants, for example, communicate with sound. Their sounds can be heard by other elephants miles away. Dolphins, too, communicate with each other by making sounds like this. Elephants also communicate by moving their head, feet and trunk. In much the same way, dolphins communicate by their movements. They often touch each other to express friendship. Unlike dolphins, elephants also communicate by their great sense of smell. They can recognize other elephants by the smells they have. Why do dolphins and elephants share the gift of communication? Scientists think it may be because they are social and smart animals. Both have strong family relationship. Now, whether they also have nicknames is another question! 16. What have researchers found about dolphins recently? A. Dolphins know their own names. B. Dolphins only hear each other’s voices. C. Dolphins talk to one another not much like people. 17. Just before the researchers recorded dolphins’name calls, they ________. A. copied dolphins’ voice B. caught 14 dolphins C. trained the dolphins to whistle 18. When a dolphin gets into trouble, what will it do? A. It will call for help. B. It will turn its head. C. It will touch another dolphin. 19. What are the differences between dolphins and elephants in communication? A. Elephants can communicate by smell. B. Elephants can communicate by sound. C. Dolphins can communicate by movement. 20. What does the underlined word “recognize" mean in Chinese? A. 驱逐 B. 认出 C. 触碰 2022湖南益阳卷 In ancient China，willow branches（柳枝） were often used as a gift to friends and family members who would leave. Do you know why willow branches are a symbol of saying goodbye？ One reason is that willow trees are strong. They can live in any soil，wet or dry，north or south. Because of this special feature，when saying goodbye to loved ones，giving a willow branch is a way to tell them you hope they will easily get used to their new living environment. Another reason is that，in Chinese，the pronunciation for the willow tree "柳" is similar to the character "留".So giving a willow branch in ancient China was like asking the others to stay，even though you know that they must leave. It's said that this custom became popular during the Han Dynasty. At that time，Baqiao，a bridge in Chang'an，today's Xi'an，was a common place to say goodbye. People often stopped there and handed willow branches to people who were going to depart. Willow branches，as a symbol of saying goodbye，were often mentioned in poems，especially at the time of the Tang and Song dynasties. 51. Who were willow branches often used as a gift to in ancient China？ 　 　 A.One's parents who would stay. B.One's friends and family members who would leave. C.One's love who would come back after being away for a long time. 52. According to the passage，the willow trees can live in any soil because they are 　 　. A.magic B.eautiful C.strong 53. Giving a willow branch in ancient China was like 　 　 . A.asking the others to stay B.asking the others for help C.wishing the others to leave 54. The underlined word "depart" in Paragraph 4 probably means " 　 　" in Chinese. A.返回 B.离开 C.相遇 55. What can be the best title for the passage？ 　 　 A.A kind of strong tree—Willow trees B.A common place to say goodbye—Baqiao C.A symbol of saying goodbye—Willow branches ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$