八年级(下) Units 1—2-【精彩三年】2024年中考英语精品课堂教师用书配套word（人教版）

八年级(下)　Units 1—2 话题：健康和急救(Health and first aid)、志愿服务和慈善(Volunteering and charity) (见学生用书P1) 重点单词 教材与课标共有单词 Unit 1　What's the matter? 1．matter(n.)问题；事情 2．stomachache(n.)胃痛；腹痛 3．rest(v.&n.)放松；休息 4．cough(n.&v.)咳嗽 5．toothache(n.)牙痛 6．headache (n.) 头痛 7．passenger(n.)乘客；旅客 8．trouble(n.)问题；苦恼 9．knee(n.)膝；膝盖 10．risk(n.&v.)危险；风险；冒险 11．situation (n.)情况；状况 12．rock (n.) 岩石 13．blood (n.)血 14．spirit (n.)勇气；意志 15．nurse (n.)护士 Unit 2　I'll help to clean up the city parks. 1．cheer(v.)欢呼；喝彩 2．sign (n.)标志；信号 3．notice (n.)通知；通告；注意 (v.)注意到；意识到 4．lonely(adj.)孤独的；寂寞的 5．several(pron.)几个；数个；一些 6．journey(n.)(尤指长途)旅行；行程 7．raise(v.)征集；募集 8．alone(adv.)独自；单独 9．repair(v.)修理；修补 10．fix (v.) 修理；安装 11．wheel (n.) 车轮；轮子 12．letter (n.) 信；函 13．deaf (adj.)聋的 14．imagine(v.)想象；设想 15．change(v.&n.)变化；改变 16．clever (adj.) 聪明的；聪颖的 教材独有单词 1．onto (prep.)向；朝 2．bandage (n.)绷带 (v.)用绷带包扎 3．satisfaction (n.)满足；满意 词汇拓展 名词拓展 1．stomach(n.)胃；腹部→stomachs(pl.)→stomachache(n.)胃痛；腹痛 2．foot(n.)脚；足→feet(pl.) on__foot步行 3．knife(n.)刀→knives(pl.) 动词拓展 1．lie(v.)躺；平躺→lying(现在分词)→lay(过去式)→lain(过去分词) 2．hurt(v.&adj.)(使)疼痛；受伤；痛的；受伤的→hurt(过去式/过去分词) get__hurt受伤 hurt__oneself伤了自己 3．hit (v.)(用手或器具)击；打→hitting(现在分词)→hit(过去式/过去分词) 4．imagine(v.)想象；设想→imagination(n.)想象力；想象 5．mean(v.)意思是；打算；意欲→meant(过去式/过去分词)→meaning(n.)意义；意思→meaningful(adj.)有意义的→meaningless(adj.)无意义的 6．control(v.&n.)限制；约束；管理→controlled(过去式/过去分词)→controlling(现在分词) 7．cheer (v.)欢呼；喝彩→cheerful(adj.)快乐的；高兴的 形容词拓展 1．sick(adj.)生病的；有病的→sickness(n.)疾病 2．strong (adj.)强烈的；强壮的→strongly(adv.)猛烈地 重点词组 1．have__a__cold感冒 2．have__a__stomachache胃痛 3．lie__down躺下 4．take__one's__temperature量体温 5．have__a__fever发烧 6．take__a__break__(take__breaks)休息 7．get__off下车 8．to__one's__surprise使……惊讶的是；出乎……的意料 9．right__away立即；马上 10．get__into陷入；参与 11．be__used__to习惯于……；适应于…… 12．take__risks__(take__a__risk)冒险 13．run__out__(of)用尽；耗尽 14．cut__off切除 15．get__out__of离开；从……出来 16．be__in__control__of掌管；管理 17．give__up放弃 18．clean__up打扫(或清除)干净 19．cheer__up(使)变得更高兴；(使)振奋起来 20．give__out分发；散发 21．come__up__with想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等) 22．put__off推迟 23．hand__out分发 24．call__up打电话给(某人)；征召 25．used__to曾经……；过去…… 26．care__for照顾；非常喜欢 27．try__out参加……选拔；试用 28．fix__up修理；装饰 29．give__away赠送；捐赠 30．take__after(外貌或行为)像 31．set__up建起；设立 32．make__a__difference影响；有作用 重点句型 描述经历 1．他如此热爱登山以至于甚至在这段经历后，他仍然坚持爬山。 His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. 2．失去了手臂之后，他写了一本名为《生死两难》的书。 After losing his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place. 志愿活动 3．在这里当志愿者对我来说是梦想成真。我在做喜欢的事的同时，还可以帮助其他人。 Volunteering here is a dream come true for me. I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time. 4．有了你的帮助，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”(狗名)。 You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. 5．很多老人感到孤独，我们应该倾听和关心他们。 A lot of old people are lonely. We should listen to them and care for them. 看病就医 6．我头痛而且脖子不能动。 I have a headache and can't move my neck. 7．我认为你应该躺下休息。 I think you should __lie down and __rest． 8．多亏了王先生和乘客们，医生及时挽救了老人的生命。 Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers,__the doctor saved the man in time． 温馨提示：请课前或课堂10分钟，完成《默写手册》单本对应内容。 教材回扣 ❶The bus driver, 24­year­old Wang Ping, stopped the bus 1．__without__ thinking twice. He got off and asked the woman what happened. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital. Mr. Wang knew he had to act 2．__quickly__(quick). He told the passengers that he must take the man to the hospital. He 3．__expected__(expect) most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus. But 4．__to__ his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. Some passengers helped Mr.Wang to move the man 5．__onto__ the bus. Thanks 6．__to__ Mr.Wang and the passengers, the doctors saved the man 7．__in__ time.“It's sad that many people don't want to help others 8．__because__ they don't want any trouble，” says one passenger.“But the driver didn't think about 9．__himself__(he). He only 10．__thought__(think) about saving a life.”(P3) ❷Mario loves animals and wants to be an animal doctor.He volunteers 1．__at__ an animal hospital every Saturday morning. Mario 2．__believes__(believe) it can help him to get his future dream job. “It's hard work，” he says, “but I want to learn more about 3．__how__ to care for animals. I get such a strong 4．__feeling__(feel) of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their 5．__owners'__(owner) faces.” Mary is a book 6．__lover__(love). She could read by herself at the age of four. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after­school reading program. She still works there once a week 7．__to__help__(help) kids learn to read. “The kids are sitting in the library, but you can see in their eyes that they're going 8．__on__ a different journey with each new book. Volunteering here is 9．__a__ dream come true for me. I can do 10．__what__ I love to do and help others at the same time.”(P11) (见学生用书P1) 词汇点睛 ❶surprised adj.惊奇的；感觉意外的 (八下P3) n. surprise 惊讶；惊奇；意外 to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是，出乎某人意料的是 adj. surprising 令人惊讶的，常用来形容事或物 surprising things 令人惊奇的东西 surprised 惊奇的，吃惊的，惊讶的，常用来形容人 be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶 be surprised＋that从句 因……而惊讶 e.g. (1)The result is surprising. 结果令人惊讶。 (2)The gift makes me surprised. 这份礼物让我感到惊讶。 【活学活用】 用surprise的适当形式填空。 1．This is a __surprising__ gift. 2．[2022·杭州中考改编]Local surfers were very __surprised__ to see the blind young man surf the huge wave with no problem at all. 3．[2023·温州中考改编]The next morning, Miriam was very __surprised__ to see a huge watermelon in the yard. She couldn't believe it. 【写作靓句】 [2023·嘉兴中考]You may be surprised at what you collect because it comes from places around the world. ❷rest v．&n.放松；休息 (八下P2) v. 休息 rest for a while 休息一会 n. 休息； 剩余部分 have a rest休息一下 the rest of 剩余的…… e.g. (1)You should have a good rest. 你应该好好休息一下。 (2)I want to rest at home this weekend. 这周末我想在家里休息。 (3)The rest of our family went to the zoo. 我们家的其余人都去动物园了。 【活学活用】 翻译句子。 1．休息好能帮助我们学得更好。 __Resting__ well can help us __study/learn__ __better__． 2．[2022·杭州中考改编]休息对于你的大脑来说很重要，所以尽量每晚睡八个小时。 It's important for your brain __to__ __rest__ so try to get __eight__ __hours'__ sleep every night. 3．[2023·丽水中考改编]当德鲁·马斯科蒂高中毕业后，他找到了一份送披萨的工作。但很快他就意识到他的余生想做什么(职业)。 When Drew Mascotti graduated from high school，he got a job delivering pizzas. But soon he realized what he wanted to do for __the__ __rest__ __of__ his life. 【写作靓句】 A lack of sleep or rest weakens the immune system(免疫系统), making it easier for you to get sick. 词语辨析 ❶疾病类短语表达 (八下P1&P2) e.g. (1)It got windy yesterday, but I didn't put on my coat.Now I have a cold. 昨天起风了，但我没有穿外套。现在我感冒了。 (2)I had a stomachache last night.我昨晚胃痛。 (3)She has a very sore throat.她的喉咙很痛。 【活学活用】 根据句意及汉语提示完成句子。 1．—I __have__ __a__ __toothache__(牙疼). —You'd better go to the dentist. 2．—What's the matter with Jenny? —She __has__ __a__ __bad__ __cold__(得了重感冒). 3．—Hi, John! What's the matter? —I __have__ __a__ __fever__(发烧). ❷too many，too much(八下P6)，much too too many 表示“太多”，中心词是many，用来修饰可数名词的复数形式 too much 表示“太多”，中心词是much，用来修饰不可数名词；too much还可用来修饰动词 much too 表示“太”，中心词是too，用来修饰形容词或副词 e.g. (1)I have too many chores to do, so I can't go with you.我有太多家务活要干，所以我不能和你一起去。 (2)We have too much homework to do. 我们有太多家庭作业要做。 (3)It's much too cold. We'd better not go out. 天气太冷了。我们最好不要出去。 (4)He runs much too fast. I can't catch up with him. 他跑得太快了。我追不上他。 【活学活用】 翻译句子。 1．使用太多社交媒体对年轻人有不好的影响。 Using social media __too__ __much__ has a bad influence on young people. 2．他给我出的这道题太难了。 The question he gives me is __much__ __too__ difficult. 3．我作出决定的原因之一就是有太多人建议我不要这么做。 One reason for my decision was that __too__ __many__ people advised me not to do so. ❸be used to doing sth.(八下P6)，get used to doing sth., used to do sth.，be used to do sth. e.g. (1)I am used to walking after dinner. 我习惯晚饭后散步。 (2)This is how we do things here. You'll soon get used to it.我们这里就是这么做事的。你很快就会习惯的。 (3)Bob used to play soccer. 鲍勃过去经常踢足球。 (4)Wood can be used to make paper. 木材能被用来造纸。 【活学活用】 单句语法填空。 1．I am used to__washing__(wash) my hair in the morning. 2．She used __to__read__(read) in the morning, but now she is used to __reading__(read) at night. 3．[2022·杭州中考改编]In the fourth century B．C., a medicine made from tree bark(树皮) was used __to__treat__(treat) fevers. 重点句型 ❶What should I do？我应该怎么做？(八下P2) What should I do？表示询问意见。回答时，可以用“(I think) You should(do)．..”提出建议。若是具体地询问意见可以用“Should I (do)．..？”肯定回答：“Yes, you should.”，否定回答：“No, you shouldn't.”。表示提建议的句型还有： 其中，给出建议的句型You could．..中的could意为“可以；不妨”，表示委婉、客气的建议。 e.g. (1)Let's go somewhere different tonight. 今天晚上我们去一个不一样的地方吧。 (2)Why not write to her? 为什么不给她写信？ (3)Shall we visit your new house? 我们可以参观你的新家吗？ (4)The boy could give out food at the food bank. 这个男孩可以在食物银行分发食物。 【活学活用】 翻译句子。 1．你应该给他写一封信。 You __should__ write him a letter. 2．你为什么不参加英语俱乐部来帮助你学英语呢？ __Why__ __don't__ you join an English club to help with your English? 3．你最好测一下体温。 __You'd__ __better__ take your temperature. 4．你可以请求医院让你去看望孩子们，让他们高兴起来。 __You__ __could__ ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and __cheer__ __them__ __up__． ❷ She still works there once a week to help kids learn to read.她仍然每周在那里工作一次，帮助孩子们学习阅读。(八下P11) 此处“to help kids learn to read”是不定式(to do)作目的状语。 不定式 (to do) 作主语 为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，而真正的主语——动词不定式后置。 常见的句型有：It＋be＋adj.＋(for/of sb.) to do sth./ It takes sb. some time to do sth. It's dangerous for young kids to play with fire. 作宾语 动词want, decide, hope, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, prepare等常接动词不定式作宾语。 I want to learn to play the guitar this summer holiday. I hope to get good grades in the coming exam. 作(后置)定语 常用于“have/has＋sth.＋to do”或“enough＋名词＋to do”或“It's time to do sth.”等结构中。 It's time to go to school. I have nothing to do but wait for the bus. 不定式 (to do) 作宾语 补足语 动词tell, ask, want, invite, teach等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成tell/ask/want/invite sb. to do sth.结构。 Mom told me to meet John at the airport, but he didn't show up. They invite us to have lunch together. 作状语 主要用来修饰动词，表示目的、结果或原因。为了强调目的，有时可以把动词不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加in order或so as，意为“为了，目的是”。常见的结构有too＋adj./adv.＋to do sth.等。 The government has made some laws to protect the environment. In order to pass the exam, we work harder than usual. 【活学活用】 单句语法填空。 1．It's so difficult and takes such a long time __to__study__(study). 2．[2021·杭州中考]Then they shout, “Mother's Day, Mother's Day! What will you pay __to__get__(get) away？” (见学生用书P1) 根据句意选出句中黑体词的最佳词义。 1．foot　①n. 脚；足　②n. 英尺　③n.下端，底部 [2023·丽水中考]On Monday morning，everyone wore different socks on each foot and met at the school gate. __①__ [2022·绍兴中考]Then he hesitantly(踌躇地) came close to me and sat at the foot of my bed. __③__ My best friends live only 15 feet from me. __②__ 2．mean　①v.意思是　②v. 打算；意欲　③adj.吝啬的，刻薄的，不善良的　④n.(pl.)方法；途径 The quickest means of travel is by plane. __④__ I've been meaning to ask you if you want to come for a meal next week. __②__ Scrooge is mean and only thinks about himself. __③__ [2022·温州中考]This greeting in the language Arabic means “Nice to meet you！” __①__ 3．sign　①n.标志，招牌，指示牌　②n.记号　③n.迹象　④n.手势　⑤v.签名；签字 Yellow warning signs had to be placed beside the roads to remind drivers to take care and allow people to cross safely. __①__ [2022·绍兴中考]They are hard­working and professional in their work, and use sign language to communicate with each other from time to time. __④__ [2023·台州中考]There's a card for you to sign. __⑤__ 4．change　①n.变化；改变　②n.零钱；找头　③v.变化；改变　④v.换乘；转乘 [2023·台州中考]True, electric cars help slow climate change. __①__ To get there, you need to change from the No.1 bus to the No.2 bus. __④__ People would give the beggar some change as they passed.__②__ 温馨提示：1.请随堂或者午、晚间10分钟完成《词汇语境速测》单本对应内容；2.请课后完成“高效作业12”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$