精品解析：山西省大同市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题

2023~2024-2 高二年级 3 月学情检测 英语试卷 (试卷满分 150分, 考试时间120分钟) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man like most about Macao? A The food. B. The language. C. The building. 2. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a reading room. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Guide and tourist. C. Classmates. 4. What will the man probably do on Thursday? A. Take an outing. B. Have an interview. C. Do some shopping. 5 Which instrument does Paul play? A. The drum. B. The bass. C. The keyboard. 第二节(共15 小题;每小题1.5分, 满分 22.5 分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话， 回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man give the woman flowers? A. To convey his gratitude. B. To celebrate Christmas. C. To congratulate her. 7. What is the woman probably? A. A nurse. B. A doctor. C. A patient. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至 10题。 8. How much did the picture sell for at last? A. $3.8 million. B. $2million. C.$1.8 million. 9. Who did Georges Remi give the original drawing to? A. A famous editor. B. A young reporter. C. A 7-year-old boy. 10. What can be seen in the original picture? A. A blue lotus floating. B. A man in a vase. C. A dog behind the vase. 听下面一段对话， 回答第11至 13题。 11. What does the man need to do to enter the poetry competition? A. Hand in his work on February 15th. B. Pay an entry fee of 29 dollars. C. Submit a poem collection of at most 48 pages. 12. What will the woman probably submit? A. A prose poem. B. A series of short stories. C. A short novel. 13. Which of the following offers the most prize money? A. Kathryn A. Morton Prize in Poetry. B. Michael Waters Poetry Prize. C. Mary McCarthy Prize in Short Fiction. 听下面一段对话， 回答第14至 17题。 14. What made the woman distracted? A. The football match. B. The exhaustion. C. The loud noise. 15 How did the man sound at first? A. Apologetic. B. Regretful. C. Excited. 16. Who is the woman talking with? A. Her dad. B. Her neighbour. C. Her friend. 17. Which footballer does the man favor? A. Messi. B. Mbappe. C. Ronaldo. 听下面一段独白，回答第 18至 20题。 18. What threat do many tropical birds face? A. Being wiped out. B. Being caged. C. Being trained. 19. What does National Bird Day strongly propose? A. Global birds’ transportation should be banned. B. Wild birds should live in natural habitats. C. A proper environment should be created for birds. 20. Which country was the largest importer of wild birds? A. Senegal. B. France. C. America. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15 小题: 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Most Famous Paintings in the World The Starry Night Artist: Vincent Willem van Gogh Where to see it: the Museum of Modern Art (New York, US) Being treated for mental illness in hospital and inspired by the view from the window of his room, Van Gogh painted The Starry Night. The painting is famous for Van Gogh’s creative use of thick brushstrokes (笔画). The painting’s striking blues and yellows and the dreamy atmosphere have attracted art lovers for decades. The Scream Artist: Edvard Munch Where to see it: the National Museum and the Munch Museum (Oslo, Norway) The Scream is not a single work of art. According to a British museum’s blog, there are two paintings, two pastels (彩粉画) and a number of prints, The paintings are in the National Museum and the Munch Museum, and in 2012, one of the pastels was sold for almost 120 million. Mona Lisa Artist: Leonardo da Vinci Where to see it: the Louvre Museum (Paris. France) It should come as no surprise that one of the most famous paintings in the world is a woman with a mysterious smile. It is the earliest known Italian painting to focus closely on the sitter in a half-length portrait (像) , according to the Louvre, where it was first exhibited in 1804. The Last Supper Artist: Leonardo da Vinci Where to see it: Santa Maria delle Grazie (Milan, Italy) Leonardo is the only artist to appear on this list twice. The Last Supper is about the last time Jesus had dinner with his followers. The painting is actually a huge wall painting-4. 6 meters high and 8. 8 meters wide, which makes for a memorable viewing experience. 1. Where is The Starry Night exhibited? A. In the Louvre Museum. B. In the Munch Museum. C. In the Museum of Modern Art. D. In Santa Maria delle Grazie. 2. What is special about The Scream? A. It is exhibited in three museums. B. It includes a series of works of art. C. It is famous for a smile in the painting. D. It was painted in a mental hospital. 3 What do Mona Lisa and The Last Supper have in common? A. They feature religious figures. B. They both belong to wall paintings. C. They are exhibited in the National Museum. D. They were painted by Leonardo da Vinci. B Life is like a roller coaster, and every point has ups and downs. People plan something, but luck and sometimes misfortunes lead them toward a different destination. However, passionate individuals are not scared of such uncertainties. They set goals, welcome challenges, overcome obstacles, and eventually achieve what satisfies them. Those who stay committed to their broad goals and find satisfaction even in unplanned circumstances are truly victorious. One true example of such people comes from a woman passionate about spreading happiness and helping others. Nicole Thornes is a mother, a former police officer, and now serving society as a death doula (陪护师). Nicole joined the police academy intending to be helpful to society. She believed that a police officer has the opportunity to eliminate crime, bring justice, and create a better society for everyone. Although she became a mother during her studies and her responsibilities were increased due to children, she didn’t give up on her passion. Nicole could have called off her studies, but her passion for serving society didn’t let her step down. With great efforts, she finally became a police officer and gave her contributions to law enforcement and the betterment of society. She was not only a police officer making full commitment to the society but also a mother who played her responsibilities in the best way possible. Everything went according to her plans, but uncertainty called off her journey as a police officer. Nicole suffered from an injury in a mission that ended her career in the police force. But her dreams and passion did not let her stop. She became a death doula to continue her dream. She chose this field after her grandfather’s death, when she couldn’t bear the pain of losing him. Being a death doula, she is now providing comfort to the dying and their families during difficult times. She aims to spread prosperity in people’s lives and help them overcome all the obstacles she faced throughout her life. 4. What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. Life is full of ups and downs. B. People are at the mercy of changes. C. Uncertainties lead life to a different direction. D. Fulfillment comes from making the best of the uncertainties. 5. What is Nicole’s original career commitment? A. To conduct her duty well and better the society. B. To cater to the children’s requirements and needs. C. To accompany the senior through the darkest time. D. To release people’s pain from losing the loved ones. 6. Why did Nicole leave her police post? A. Because of the arrangement of the office. B. Because of the injury she got at work. C. Because of the change of interest. D. Because of the danger of the job. 7. What brought Nicole to her new career? A. The appeal of the people in sorrow. B. The push of getting a new job to survive. C. The passion in accompanying the sick ones. D. The sorrowful pain of losing her beloved family. C If you were to throw, say, a banana peel out of your car while driving along the motorway, that would be a completely harmless action, due to the fact that it’s part of a fruit — right? Actually, no. A banana peel can take up to two years to be naturally processed, and with a third of motorists admitting to littering while driving, that’s a whole lot of discarded banana peels. An orange peel and a cigarette butt has a similar biodegrading (生物降解) term to that of a banana peel, but tin cans last up to 100 years; and plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles. Despite the fact that longer-lasting materials will serve to damage the environment and its animals for longer, we can’t merely measure the severity of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime. For example, despite having a fairly short length of biodegrading time, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is discarded in the UK every day. It’s not a cheap habit either: to keep our streets clean annually costs UK taxpayers £500 million, and when you include our green spaces, that goes up to £1 billion. So, it’s not surprising that if caught fly-tipping you could face a £20,000 fine or even jail time and, if you disposed of something dangerous, the court could give you five years to serve. Regardless of how severe these punishments might seem, however, among the reported cases only 2,000 were found guilty out of 825,000, so we still have some way to go in making sure people obey the rules. 8. What does the underlined word “discarded” in para1 mean? A. Harmless. B. Processed. C. Thrown. D. Long-lasting. 9. Which of the following has the longest biodegrading term? A. Glass bottles. B. Tin cans. C. Cigarette butts. D. Banana peels. 10. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The severity of rubbish can be measured by its lifetime. B. Quite a few people were found guilty of illegally littering. C. Every year UK taxpayers spend £500 million keeping streets free of dirt. D. Cigarette-related litter and peels can be ignored for their fairly short lifetime. 11. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To inform readers of different biodegrading terms. B. To call for people not to litter illegally. C. To encourage people to use fewer plastic bags. D. To stress the importance of good behavior. D It’s no secret that sleep is important to your overall health, but a lack of sleep could have great effects on your heart, a new study shows. The researchers said people with insomnia(失眠症)are more likely to have a heart attack. Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder in the US, the researchers wrote in their report, noting that 10% to 15% of people in the US struggle with it. The meta-analysis of previously published research suggests that the potential association between insomnia and heart attack risk is strongest in women. Dr. Martha Gulati, director of prevention at the Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, said that most of her patients are women and that insomnia is a noted risk factor for women who have had any form of ischemic heart disease. “We see it probably in 1 in 10 patients in the United States,” said Gulati, who was not involved in the new research. “It is my impression that almost everyone experiences insomnia at some point in their life. The estimate is that 1 in 2 adults experience it at some point in their life, maybe in the short term because of stressful moments.” For their analysis, the researchers defined insomnia as a sleep disorder with three main symptoms(症状): Difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep and waking early and being unable to fall back asleep. The study also found an association between increased heart attack risk and how long a participant slept each night. Those who slept five hours or less had the highest association with heart attack risk and were 1.56 times more likely to have a heart attack than people who slept seven or eight hours. Longer sleep duration wasn’t always more protective. The study found that people who slept six hours a night had a lower risk of a heart attack than those who slept nine hours or more. “A lot of studies have pointed somewhere between seven and eight hours of sleep being the magic number for us,” another researcher said. “There is obviously variability for everyone, but too much sleep is rarely the issue.” 12. What’s the function of the first paragraph? A. To list a fact. B. To warn the readers. C. To introduce the topic. D. To draw the readers’ interest. 13. What can we infer from Gulati words? A. Insomnia is unavoidable in the short term. B. Insomnia is a common phenomenon in life. C. Heart attack often happens during insomnia. D. Women are less experienced in dealing with insomnia. 14. What inspiration can we get according to the sleeping time? A. Put quality before quantity. B. Too much is as bad as too little. C. Bite off more than one can chew. D. Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst. 15. What’s the author’s attitude to the relationship between insomnia and heart attack? A. Pessimistic. B. Indifferent. C. Objective. D. Positive. 第二节 (共5小题: 每小题2.5分, 满分 12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Reduce Food Waste Food waste is a huge problem in many countries. The good news: Each of us can help solve it. ___16___ . Make a plan ___17___ , think about exactly what you need for the week, make a list and then stick to it. Actually, more often we throw things in the shopping cart that sound good or look new, and then we let them sit in the back of the fridge for a few weeks. Get creative with repurposing food Before walking straight to the trash with your old carrots or cabbages, ask yourself: ___18___ The answer is probably yes. You don’t need to follow any difficult recipes (to turn older produce into a fresh new dish by watching videos online). ___19___ If you realize that you won’t be able to use food before it’s too late, turn to the trusty fridge. Did you know you can freeze almost anything? Your bread, your vegetables, your fruits -even your milk! Freezing food helps keep its taste and nutrients (营养). Don’t be fooled by that “sell by” date Generally speaking, these labels are a best guess by producers as to when their products will be freshest. They’re not fixed rules about when that cheese has to go straight to the trashcan. ___20___ . The next time you do a sweep of your kitchen, remember that these dates are just guidelines. When in doubt, do a smell test. If it doesn’t pass, you can just bury them in your garden to make the soil rich. A. Freeze everything B. Don’t forget your fridge C. Before you shop for groceries D. Can I make these into something new E. Can you create something out of them F. However, that’s exactly what many of us do G. Here are four simple ways to start reducing your food waste at home 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题1分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available.First aid may save a ___21___or improve certain vital signs including a pulse，temperature，an unobstructed (畅通无阻的) airway，and breathing.In ___22___ emergencies，first aid may prevent a victim's condition from worsening and provide relief from___23___. First aid must be performed as ___24___ as possible.In the case of the critically injured，a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life. Firstaid measures ___25___a victim's needs and the provider's level of knowledge and skill.Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as ___26___as knowing what to do.Improperly moving a person with a neck injury，for example，can ___27___permanent spinal injury and paralysis. Despite the variety of possible injuries，several principles of first aid ___28___to all emergencies.The first step is to call for professional medical help.The victim，if conscious，should be reassured that medical aid has been___29___，and asked for permission to provide any first aid.Next，judge the scene，asking other people or the injured person's family or friends about ___30___ of the injury or illness，any care that may have already been given，and preexisting (早先存在的) conditions such as diabetes or heart trouble.The victim should be___31___for medical bracelet or card that describes special medical conditions.___32___ the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury，do not___33___the victim. Once obvious injuries have been evaluated，the injured person's head should be kept in a neutral position in line with the body.If no ___34___ exists to suggest potential skull (颅骨) or spinal injury，place the injured person in a comfortable position.Positioned ___35___ one's side，a victim can vomit without choking or obstructing the airway. 21. A. chance B. disaster C. life D. family 22. A. minor B. severe C. unique D. certain 23. A. pressure B. pain C. guilty D. injury 24. A. carefully B. correctly C. mildly D. quickly 25. A. depend upon B. contribute to C. consist of D. approve of 26. A. temporary B. basic C. important D. fortunate 27. A. result from B. suffer from C. take on D. lead to 28. A. apply B. refer C. turn D. respond 29. A. needed B. selected C. requested D. refused 30. A. details B. roots C. results D. effects 31. A. recorded B. measured C. checked D. observed 32. A. Although B. When C. Because D. Unless 33. A. move B. save C. touch D. defend 34. A. analysis B. explanation C. experience D. evidence 35. A. to B. with C. on D. at 第二节(共 10小题;每小题 1.5分, 满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World Book Day was created on April 23rd, 1995, by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO) .The connection between that date and books, however, was made_____36_____Spain in 1923, as it is the anniversary(周年纪念日) of the_____37_____(die) of William Shakespeare and Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, famous Spanish Chronicler. There were a few _____38_____(idea) for the day of the year that World Book Day should be held._____39_____(original), Vicente Clavel Andres, a Valencian writer, suggested that the day should be on a day_____40_____ honored the author Miguel de Cervantes. This would be either his birthday, October 7, or the date when he passed away, April 23.The_____41_____(choose) date is the latter one because it was also the date when William Shakespeare died and when Inca Garcilaso de la Vega died too .In fact, several other well-known authors have also died on April 23—perhaps authors should be wary(留神的) of this date! In some countries, World Book Day actually_____42_____(take) place on other days of the year, despite the fact that the intentional event was created by UNESCO. For example, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and Ireland all celebrate_____43_____(they) own World Book Day events on _____44_____different day. However, the international day_____45_____(hold) on the same day each year since it began in 1995. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 40分) 第一节(满分 15分) 46. 假定你是李华，学校近期将举办中国文学名人展。外教Ryan是文学爱好者，请你给外教写一封邀请邮件，内容包括： 1展览时间、地点; 2.展览内容。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写 (满分 25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 I sat in my parents’ car. Mom had insisted I go with her to pick up Dad from work. Across from Dad’s office is a bike store. That was the day my eleven-year-old eyes first saw the purple BMX Mongoose bike. From that day on, all I could think about was that bike. I even drew pictures of the bike in class. Every evening afterward, at five thirty, I eagerly went along with Mom to get Dad. And every day I told my parents, “I want that bike!” But they disagreed and replied that I had already had a perfectly good bike at home. I’d argue it was old and ugly, thinking that my happiness depended on that purple bike. Days later, I found the store had sold that bike. I knew I’d never be happy again. A week later, returning home from school, I tripped over something. Lying in the weeds near a river and some wooded lots, was a bike — the exact bike from the store. “Hey, whose bike is this?” I shouted, scanning the area. No one replied, and there was no one in sight. Maybe its owner didn’t want it any longer. I couldn’t leave it lying in the weeds. So I took it home and hid it behind the garage. Every day after school, I sat there, admiring it. But I didn’t feel like riding and didn’t feel as happy as I had thought. Thinking about the bike made my stomach tighten and uncomfortable. A few days later, during lunch at school, my friend said, “Did you hear about Tyler, in the other fifth-grade class? He lost his new purple BMX Mongoose bike he had just gotten for his birthday. He left it by a river while playing in the woods. It got dark, and he couldn’t find it.” “I’d never go off and leave a new bike like that. He doesn’t deserve to have that bike,” I replied. My friend added, “Kids say he’s nice. And they say Tyler is upset because his dad worked overtime to buy the bike for him.” For the rest of the day, I couldn’t stop thinking about Tyler. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After school, I returned home and dragged to my room. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “I know Tyler’s house,” Mom said. “I’ll drive you there.” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1~5: ABACB 6~10:AAACB 11~15: BCBCA 16~20: BAABC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023~2024-2 高二年级 3 月学情检测 英语试卷 (试卷满分 150分, 考试时间120分钟) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man like most about Macao? A. The food. B. The language. C. The building. 2. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a reading room. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Guide and tourist. C. Classmates. 4. What will the man probably do on Thursday? A. Take an outing. B. Have an interview. C. Do some shopping. 5. Which instrument does Paul play? A. The drum. B. The bass. C. The keyboard. 第二节(共15 小题;每小题1.5分, 满分 22.5 分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话， 回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man give the woman flowers? A. To convey his gratitude. B. To celebrate Christmas. C. To congratulate her. 7. What is the woman probably? A. A nurse. B. A doctor. C. A patient. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至 10题。 8. How much did the picture sell for at last? A. $3.8 million. B. $2million. C.$1.8 million. 9. Who did Georges Remi give the original drawing to? A. A famous editor. B. A young reporter. C. A 7-year-old boy. 10. What can be seen in the original picture? A. A blue lotus floating. B. A man in a vase. C. A dog behind the vase. 听下面一段对话， 回答第11至 13题。 11. What does the man need to do to enter the poetry competition? A. Hand in his work on February 15th. B. Pay an entry fee of 29 dollars. C. Submit a poem collection of at most 48 pages. 12. What will the woman probably submit? A. A prose poem. B. A series of short stories. C. A short novel. 13. Which of the following offers the most prize money? A. Kathryn A. Morton Prize in Poetry. B. Michael Waters Poetry Prize. C. Mary McCarthy Prize in Short Fiction. 听下面一段对话， 回答第14至 17题。 14. What made the woman distracted? A. The football match. B. The exhaustion. C. The loud noise. 15. How did the man sound at first? A. Apologetic. B. Regretful. C. Excited. 16. Who is the woman talking with? A. Her dad. B. Her neighbour. C. Her friend. 17 Which footballer does the man favor? A. Messi. B. Mbappe. C. Ronaldo. 听下面一段独白，回答第 18至 20题。 18. What threat do many tropical birds face? A. Being wiped out. B. Being caged. C. Being trained. 19. What does National Bird Day strongly propose? A. Global birds’ transportation should be banned. B. Wild birds should live in natural habitats. C. A proper environment should be created for birds. 20. Which country was the largest importer of wild birds? A. Senegal. B. France. C. America. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15 小题: 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Most Famous Paintings in the World The Starry Night Artist: Vincent Willem van Gogh Where to see it: the Museum of Modern Art (New York, US) Being treated for mental illness in hospital and inspired by the view from the window of his room, Van Gogh painted The Starry Night. The painting is famous for Van Gogh’s creative use of thick brushstrokes (笔画). The painting’s striking blues and yellows and the dreamy atmosphere have attracted art lovers for decades. The Scream Artist: Edvard Munch Where to see it: the National Museum and the Munch Museum (Oslo, Norway) The Scream is not a single work of art. According to a British museum’s blog, there are two paintings, two pastels (彩粉画) and a number of prints, The paintings are in the National Museum and the Munch Museum, and in 2012, one of the pastels was sold for almost 120 million. Mona Lisa Artist: Leonardo da Vinci Where to see it: the Louvre Museum (Paris. France) It should come as no surprise that one of the most famous paintings in the world is a woman with a mysterious smile. It is the earliest known Italian painting to focus closely on the sitter in a half-length portrait (像) , according to the Louvre, where it was first exhibited in 1804. The Last Supper Artist: Leonardo da Vinci Where to see it: Santa Maria delle Grazie (Milan, Italy) Leonardo is the only artist to appear on this list twice. The Last Supper is about the last time Jesus had dinner with his followers. The painting is actually a huge wall painting-4. 6 meters high and 8. 8 meters wide, which makes for a memorable viewing experience. 1. Where is The Starry Night exhibited? A. In the Louvre Museum. B. In the Munch Museum. C. In the Museum of Modern Art. D. In Santa Maria delle Grazie. 2. What is special about The Scream? A. It is exhibited in three museums. B. It includes a series of works of art. C. It is famous for a smile in the painting. D. It was painted in a mental hospital. 3. What do Mona Lisa and The Last Supper have in common? A. They feature religious figures. B. They both belong to wall paintings. C. They are exhibited in the National Museum. D. They were painted by Leonardo da Vinci. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上最著名的四幅画作。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Starry Night部分的第二段“Where to see it: the Museum of Modern Art (New York, US) (在哪里看：现代艺术博物馆（美国纽约）)”可知，星夜可以在美国纽约的现代艺术博物馆看到。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Scream部分的第三段“The Scream is not a single work of art. According to a British museum’s blog, there are two paintings, two pastels and a number of prints, The paintings are in the National Museum and the Munch Museum, and in 2012, one of the pastels was sold for almost 120 million. (尖叫不是一件艺术品。根据英国博物馆的博客，有两幅画，两幅彩粉画和一些印刷品，这些画在国家博物馆和蒙克博物馆，2012年，其中一幅粉彩以近1.2亿美元的价格售出。)”可知，尖叫的特别之处在于，它不是一部作品，而是两幅画，两幅粉彩画等构成的。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mona Lisa部分的第一段Artist: Leonardo da Vinci和The Last Supper部分的第一段Artist: Leonardo da Vinci可知，这两幅作品的共同点在于作者相同，都是达·芬奇的画作。故选D项。 B Life is like a roller coaster, and every point has ups and downs. People plan something, but luck and sometimes misfortunes lead them toward a different destination. However, passionate individuals are not scared of such uncertainties. They set goals, welcome challenges, overcome obstacles, and eventually achieve what satisfies them. Those who stay committed to their broad goals and find satisfaction even in unplanned circumstances are truly victorious. One true example of such people comes from a woman passionate about spreading happiness and helping others. Nicole Thornes is a mother, a former police officer, and now serving society as a death doula (陪护师). Nicole joined the police academy intending to be helpful to society. She believed that a police officer has the opportunity to eliminate crime, bring justice, and create a better society for everyone. Although she became a mother during her studies and her responsibilities were increased due to children, she didn’t give up on her passion. Nicole could have called off her studies, but her passion for serving society didn’t let her step down. With great efforts, she finally became a police officer and gave her contributions to law enforcement and the betterment of society. She was not only a police officer making full commitment to the society but also a mother who played her responsibilities in the best way possible. Everything went according to her plans, but uncertainty called off her journey as a police officer. Nicole suffered from an injury in a mission that ended her career in the police force. But her dreams and passion did not let her stop. She became a death doula to continue her dream. She chose this field after her grandfather’s death, when she couldn’t bear the pain of losing him. Being a death doula, she is now providing comfort to the dying and their families during difficult times. She aims to spread prosperity in people’s lives and help them overcome all the obstacles she faced throughout her life. 4. What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. Life is full of ups and downs. B. People are at the mercy of changes. C. Uncertainties lead life to a different direction. D. Fulfillment comes from making the best of the uncertainties. 5. What is Nicole’s original career commitment? A. To conduct her duty well and better the society. B. To cater to the children’s requirements and needs. C. To accompany the senior through the darkest time. D. To release people’s pain from losing the loved ones. 6. Why did Nicole leave her police post? A. Because of the arrangement of the office. B. Because of the injury she got at work. C. Because of the change of interest. D. Because of the danger of the job. 7. What brought Nicole to her new career? A. The appeal of the people in sorrow. B. The push of getting a new job to survive. C. The passion in accompanying the sick ones. D. The sorrowful pain of losing her beloved family. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了妮可·索内斯如何在充满不确定和坎坷的人生中坚持践行人生理想，服务于社会的故事。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“However, passionate individuals are not scared of such uncertainties. They set goals, welcome challenges, overcome obstacles, and eventually achieve what satisfies them.”（然而，有激情的人并不害怕这种不确定性。他们设定目标，迎接挑战，克服障碍，最终实现令他们满意的目标。）可知，本段的主题是成就感来自充分利用不确定性。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Nicole joined the police academy intending to be helpful to society. She believed that a police officer has the opportunity to eliminate crime, bring justice, and create a better society for everyone.”（妮可加入了警察学院，打算对社会有所帮助。她相信，一名警察有机会消除犯罪，伸张正义，为每个人创造一个更美好的社会。）可知，妮可最初的职业承诺是履行职责，使社会变得更美好。故选A项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Nicole suffered from an injury in a mission that ended her career in the police force.”（妮可在一次任务中受伤，结束了她在警察部队的职业生涯。）可知，妮可因为受伤不得不离开警察职位。故选B项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“She chose this field after her grandfather’s death, when she couldn’t bear the pain of losing him.”（她在祖父去世后选择了这个领域，当时她无法忍受失去祖父的痛苦。）可知，她因为体验到失去家人的痛苦，所以选择了这个新的职业。故选D项。 C If you were to throw, say, a banana peel out of your car while driving along the motorway, that would be a completely harmless action, due to the fact that it’s part of a fruit — right? Actually, no. A banana peel can take up to two years to be naturally processed, and with a third of motorists admitting to littering while driving, that’s a whole lot of discarded banana peels. An orange peel and a cigarette butt has a similar biodegrading (生物降解) term to that of a banana peel, but tin cans last up to 100 years; and plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles. Despite the fact that longer-lasting materials will serve to damage the environment and its animals for longer, we can’t merely measure the severity of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime. For example, despite having a fairly short length of biodegrading time, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is discarded in the UK every day. It’s not a cheap habit either: to keep our streets clean annually costs UK taxpayers £500 million, and when you include our green spaces, that goes up to £1 billion. So, it’s not surprising that if caught fly-tipping you could face a £20,000 fine or even jail time and, if you disposed of something dangerous, the court could give you five years to serve. Regardless of how severe these punishments might seem, however, among the reported cases only 2,000 were found guilty out of 825,000, so we still have some way to go in making sure people obey the rules. 8. What does the underlined word “discarded” in para1 mean? A. Harmless. B. Processed. C. Thrown. D. Long-lasting. 9. Which of the following has the longest biodegrading term? A. Glass bottles. B. Tin cans. C. Cigarette butts. D. Banana peels. 10. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The severity of rubbish can be measured by its lifetime. B. Quite a few people were found guilty of illegally littering. C. Every year UK taxpayers spend £500 million keeping streets free of dirt. D. Cigarette-related litter and peels can be ignored for their fairly short lifetime. 11. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To inform readers of different biodegrading terms. B. To call for people not to litter illegally. C. To encourage people to use fewer plastic bags. D. To stress the importance of good behavior. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同的垃圾降解需要的时间不同，以此来号召人们合法扔垃圾。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“If you were to throw, say, a banana peel out of your car while driving along the motorway, that would be a completely harmless action, due to the fact that it's part of a fruit—right?(如果你在高速公路上开车时把香蕉皮从车里扔出去，这是完全无害的行为，因为它是水果的一部分，对吗？)”句中的throw可推知，“discarded banana peels”意为“被扔的香蕉皮”,即划线词意为“被扔的”，与thrown同义。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“An orange peel and a cigarette butt has a similar biodegrading (生物降解) term to that of a banana, but tin cans last up to 100 years; and plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles.(橘子皮和烟蒂的生物降解术语与香蕉相似（2年），但锡罐的寿命可以长达100年；塑料瓶和玻璃瓶一样可以永远保存)”及选项对比可知，玻璃瓶的生物降解时间最长。故选 A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“For example, despite having a fairly short length of biodegrading time, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is discarded in the UK every day.(例如，尽管生物降解时间相当短，但英国每天仍有120多吨与香烟有关的垃圾被丢弃)”和倒数第一段中的“It’s not a cheap habit either: to keep our streets clean annually costs UK taxpayers £500 million, and when you include our green spaces, that goes up to £1 billion.(这也不是一个廉价的习惯:保持街道清洁每年要花费英国纳税人5亿英镑，如果算上我们的绿色空间，这将高达10亿英镑)”可知，每年英国纳税人需花费5亿英镑来保持街道干净。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“If you were to throw, say, a banana peel out of your car while driving along the motorway, that would be a completely harmless action, due to the fact that it's part of a fruit—right? Actually, no. (如果你在高速公路上开车时把香蕉皮从车里扔出去，这是完全无害的行为，因为它是水果的一部分，对吗？事实上，不对)”及下文的解释可知，作者写作的目的在于号召人们不要非法扔垃圾。故选B。 D It’s no secret that sleep is important to your overall health, but a lack of sleep could have great effects on your heart, a new study shows. The researchers said people with insomnia(失眠症)are more likely to have a heart attack. Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder in the US, the researchers wrote in their report, noting that 10% to 15% of people in the US struggle with it. The meta-analysis of previously published research suggests that the potential association between insomnia and heart attack risk is strongest in women. Dr. Martha Gulati, director of prevention at the Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, said that most of her patients are women and that insomnia is a noted risk factor for women who have had any form of ischemic heart disease. “We see it probably in 1 in 10 patients in the United States,” said Gulati, who was not involved in the new research. “It is my impression that almost everyone experiences insomnia at some point in their life. The estimate is that 1 in 2 adults experience it at some point in their life, maybe in the short term because of stressful moments.” For their analysis, the researchers defined insomnia as a sleep disorder with three main symptoms(症状): Difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep and waking early and being unable to fall back asleep. The study also found an association between increased heart attack risk and how long a participant slept each night. Those who slept five hours or less had the highest association with heart attack risk and were 1.56 times more likely to have a heart attack than people who slept seven or eight hours. Longer sleep duration wasn’t always more protective. The study found that people who slept six hours a night had a lower risk of a heart attack than those who slept nine hours or more. “A lot of studies have pointed somewhere between seven and eight hours of sleep being the magic number for us” another researcher said. “There is obviously variability for everyone, but too much sleep is rarely the issue.” 12. What’s the function of the first paragraph? A. To list a fact. B. To warn the readers. C. To introduce the topic. D. To draw the readers’ interest. 13. What can we infer from Gulati words? A. Insomnia is unavoidable in the short term. B. Insomnia is a common phenomenon in life. C. Heart attack often happens during insomnia. D. Women are less experienced in dealing with insomnia. 14. What inspiration can we get according to the sleeping time? A. Put quality before quantity. B. Too much is as bad as too little. C. Bite off more than one can chew. D. Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst. 15. What’s the author’s attitude to the relationship between insomnia and heart attack? A. Pessimistic. B. Indifferent. C. Objective. D. Positive. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论的是睡眠不足对心脏健康的影响。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s no secret that sleep is important to your overall health, but a lack of sleep could have great effects on your heart, a new study shows. The researchers said people with insomnia are more likely to have a heart attack.(众所周知，睡眠对你的整体健康很重要，但一项新研究显示，睡眠不足可能对你的心脏有很大影响。研究人员说，失眠症更容易患心脏病)”可知，本段主要介绍了一项新的研究，即，睡眠不足可能对你的心脏有很大影响，故第一段的作用是引出文章的主题：睡眠不足对心脏健康的影响。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中““We see it probably in 1 in 10 patients in the United States,” said Gulati, who was not involved in the new research. “It is my impression that almost everyone experiences insomnia at some point in their life. The estimate is that 1 in 2 adults experience it at some point in their life, maybe in the short term because of stressful moments.”(Gulati说：“在美国，我们发现每10名患者中就有1人患有这种疾病。” Gulati没有参与这项新研究。“在我的印象中，几乎每个人都在人生的某个阶段经历过失眠。据估计，每两个成年人中就有一个在他们生命中的某个时刻经历过这种情况，也许是短期的，因为压力大。”)”可知，从Gulati看来，失眠是生活中的常见现象，因为几乎每个人都在人生的某个阶段经历过失眠。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知“Those who slept five hours or less had the highest association with heart attack risk and were 1.56 times more likely to have a heart attack than people who slept seven or eight hours. Longer sleep duration wasn’t always more protective. The study found that people who slept six hours a night had a lower risk of a heart attack than those who slept nine hours or more. “A lot of studies have pointed somewhere between seven and eight hours of sleep being the magic number for us,” another researcher said. “There is obviously variability for everyone, but too much sleep is rarely the issue.”(睡5小时或更少的人患心脏病的风险最高，比睡7或8小时的人患心脏病的可能性高1.56倍。更长的睡眠时间并不总是更有保护作用。研究发现，每晚睡6个小时的人比睡9个小时或更长时间的人患心脏病的风险更低。另一位研究人员说：“很多研究都指出，7到8小时的睡眠对我们来说是一个神奇的数字。显然每个人都有不同的情况，但睡眠过多并不是问题所在。”)”可知，睡眠不到5小时的人患心脏病的风险最高，同时，更长的睡眠时间并不总是更有保护作用，即，并不是睡眠时间越长越好，文章强调每个人的最优睡眠时长是不同的，因此睡眠的时长并不重要，重要的是睡眠质量，由此推断A选项“Put quality before quantity( 重质轻量)”符合文章题意。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知“Those who slept five hours or less had the highest association with heart attack risk and were 1.56 times more likely to have a heart attack than people who slept seven or eight hours. Longer sleep duration wasn’t always more protective. The study found that people who slept six hours a night had a lower risk of a heart attack than those who slept nine hours or more. (睡5小时或更少的人患心脏病的风险最高，比睡7或8小时的人患心脏病的可能性高1.56倍。更长的睡眠时间并不总是更有保护作用。研究发现，每晚睡6个小时的人比睡9个小时或更长时间的人患心脏病的风险更低)”可知，睡5小时或更少的人患心脏病的风险最高，比睡7或8小时的人患心脏病的可能性高1.56倍；每晚睡6个小时的人比睡9个小时或更长时间的人患心脏病的风险更低，即，作者通过列举数据说明失眠与心脏病之间的关系，即，睡眠时间（失眠）与心脏病之间的关系并不是绝对的，而是因人而异不同的。故作者对此关系的态度是客观的。故选C。 第二节 (共5小题: 每小题2.5分, 满分 12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Reduce Food Waste Food waste is a huge problem in many countries The good news: Each of us can help solve it. ___16___ . Make a plan ___17___ , think about exactly what you need for the week, make a list and then stick to it. Actually, more often we throw things in the shopping cart that sound good or look new, and then we let them sit in the back of the fridge for a few weeks. Get creative with repurposing food Before walking straight to the trash with your old carrots or cabbages, ask yourself: ___18___ The answer is probably yes. You don’t need to follow any difficult recipes (to turn older produce into a fresh new dish by watching videos online). ___19___ If you realize that you won’t be able to use food before it’s too late, turn to the trusty fridge. Did you know you can freeze almost anything? Your bread, your vegetables, your fruits -even your milk! Freezing food helps keep its taste and nutrients (营养). Don’t be fooled by that “sell by” date Generally speaking, these labels are a best guess by producers as to when their products will be freshest. They’re not fixed rules about when that cheese has to go straight to the trashcan. ___20___ . The next time you do a sweep of your kitchen, remember that these dates are just guidelines. When in doubt, do a smell test. If it doesn’t pass, you can just bury them in your garden to make the soil rich. A. Freeze everything B. Don’t forget your fridge C. Before you shop for groceries D. Can I make these into something new E. Can you create something out of them F. However, that’s exactly what many of us do G. Here are four simple ways to start reducing your food waste at home 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四种减少食物浪费的方法。 【16题详解】 上文“The good news: Each of us can help solve it.(好消息是：我们每个人都可以帮助解决这个问题)”可知，每个人都能帮助解决食物浪费的问题，G项“以下是开始减少家中食物浪费的四种简单方法”和上文构成内容上的承接，又引出本文要讲的话题。故选G项。 【17题详解】 下文“think about exactly what you need for the week, make a list and then stick to it(好好想想你这周需要什么，列一个清单，然后坚持下去)”可知，作者认为应该在购物之前有个计划，要先思考并列举清单，C项“在你买杂货之前”作时间状语，表明思考和列清单的时间。故选C项。 【18题详解】 上文“ask yourself:(问问你自己：)”可知，空格处需要填一个疑问句，下文“to tum older produce into a fresh new dish by watching videos online (通过在线观看视频将农产品变成一道新鲜的新菜)”是对D项“我能把这些做成新的吗”这个问题答案的进一步解释。故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据空格位置可知，空格处是该段的小标题，再根据下文“If you realize that you won’t be able to use food before it’s too late, tum to the trusty fridge. (如果你意识到在为时已晚之前你将无法使用食物，那就去找可靠的冰箱吧)”可知，说明在你不准备使用食物之前要利用冰箱，是对B项“别忘记你的冰箱”的内容的进一步解释。故选B项。 【20题详解】 上文“They’re not fixed rules about when that cheese has to go straight to the trashcan.(关于奶酪何时必须直接进入垃圾桶，它们并不是固定的规则)”说明奶酪的保质期不确定，下文“The next time you do a sweep of your kitchen, remember that these dates are just guidelines.(下次你打扫厨房时，请记住，这些日期只是指导方针)”说明保质期只是一个指导方针，F项“然而，这正是我们许多人所做的”表示前后内容的转折，起到了承上启下的作用，说明食物是否过期并不完全参考保质期，我们大多数人需要做的是记住这个指导方针，然后再对食物进行处理。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题1分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available.First aid may save a ___21___or improve certain vital signs including a pulse，temperature，an unobstructed (畅通无阻的) airway，and breathing.In ___22___ emergencies，first aid may prevent a victim's condition from worsening and provide relief from___23___. First aid must be performed as ___24___ as possible.In the case of the critically injured，a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life. Firstaid measures ___25___a victim's needs and the provider's level of knowledge and skill.Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as ___26___as knowing what to do.Improperly moving a person with a neck injury，for example，can ___27___permanent spinal injury and paralysis. Despite the variety of possible injuries，several principles of first aid ___28___to all emergencies.The first step is to call for professional medical help.The victim，if conscious，should be reassured that medical aid has been___29___，and asked for permission to provide any first aid.Next，judge the scene，asking other people or the injured person's family or friends about ___30___ of the injury or illness，any care that may have already been given，and preexisting (早先存在的) conditions such as diabetes or heart trouble.The victim should be___31___for medical bracelet or card that describes special medical conditions.___32___ the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury，do not___33___the victim. Once obvious injuries have been evaluated，the injured person's head should be kept in a neutral position in line with the body.If no ___34___ exists to suggest potential skull (颅骨) or spinal injury，place the injured person in a comfortable position.Positioned ___35___ one's side，a victim can vomit without choking or obstructing the airway. 21. A. chance B. disaster C. life D. family 22. A. minor B. severe C. unique D. certain 23. A. pressure B. pain C. guilty D. injury 24. A. carefully B. correctly C. mildly D. quickly 25. A. depend upon B. contribute to C. consist of D. approve of 26. A. temporary B. basic C. important D. fortunate 27 A. result from B. suffer from C. take on D. lead to 28. A. apply B. refer C. turn D. respond 29. A. needed B. selected C. requested D. refused 30. A. details B. roots C. results D. effects 31. A. recorded B. measured C. checked D. observed 32. A. Although B. When C. Because D. Unless 33. A. move B. save C. touch D. defend 34. A. analysis B. explanation C. experience D. evidence 35. A. to B. with C. on D. at 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了关于急救的一些知识与重要性。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：急救可以挽救生命或改善某些生命体征，包括脉搏、体温、气道通畅和呼吸。A. chance机会；B. disaster灾难；C. life生活；D. family家庭。根据上文“First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available.”（急救是对突然生病或受伤的病人的急救，直到有更熟练的医疗手段为止。）可知急救是可以挽救生命的。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在轻微的紧急情况下，急救可以防止患者病情恶化，缓解疼痛。A. minor 轻微的；B. severe十分严重的；C. unique独一无二的；D. certain必然的。根据下文“first aid may prevent a victim's condition from worsening”（急救可以防止受害者的病情恶化）可知严重的情况下是必须立马送去医院的，但是急救在轻微的紧急情况下是可以防止受害者病情恶化的。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在轻微的紧急情况下，急救可以防止患者病情恶化，缓解疼痛。A. pressure压力；B. pain疼痛；C. guilty内疚的；D. injury伤害。根据上文提到“first aid may prevent a victim's condition from worsening”（急救可以防止受害者的病情恶化）再结合and连接两个并列的结构，根据递进关系可知，急救还可以缓解疼痛。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：必须尽快进行急救。A. carefully小心地；B. correctly 正确地；合适地；C. mildly温和地，和善地；D. quickly快速地。根据下文“In the case of the critically injured，a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.”（对于伤势严重的人来说，几分钟就可以决定是完全康复还是失去生命。）可知短短的几分钟急救是非常重要的，所以要尽可能快地进行急救。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：急救措施取决于受害者的需求以及提供者的知识和技能水平。A. depend upon 依赖；取决于；B. contribute to 有助于，捐献；C. consist of 由…组成；D. approve of赞成。根据下文“a victim's needs and the provider's level of knowledge and skill”（受害者的需求以及提供者的知识和技能水平）可知，在了解受害者情况的前提下，再结合自身的急救技能才能提供具体的急救措施。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：知道在紧急情况下不该做什么和知道该做什么一样重要。A. temporary暂时的；B. basic基本的；C. important重要的；D. fortunate 幸运的。根据下文“for example，can _7__permanent spinal injury and paralysis.”可知不恰当的措施可能会导致永久性脊髓损伤和瘫痪。所以知道在紧急情况下不该做什么和知道该做什么一样重要。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：例如，不恰当地移动颈部受伤的人可能会导致永久性脊髓损伤和瘫痪。A. result from由于；B. suffer from遭受；C. take on 承担；D. lead to 导致。根据上文“Improperly moving a person with a neck injury”可知不恰当地移动颈部受伤的人可能会导致永久性脊髓损伤和瘫痪。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管可能造成的伤害多种多样，但急救的几个原则适用于所有紧急情况。A. apply 适用；B. refer 提到；C. turn 转身；D. respond回答。根据上文“Despite the variety of possible injuries”（尽管可能有各种各样的伤病）可知这和后半句是转折关系，再结合空后的“ all emergencies”可知急救的几个原则是适用于所有的紧急情况的。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果受害者有意识，应向其保证已请求医疗援助，并请求允许其提供任何急救。A. needed需要；B. selected 挑选；C. requested请求；D. refused拒绝。根据空后“…and asked for permission to provide any first aid”（并请求允许其提供任何急救）可知此空应该和asked for“请求”是同义词。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：接下来，判断现场情况，询问其他人或受伤者的家人或朋友有关受伤或疾病的细节，可能已经给予的任何护理，以及先前存在的疾病，如糖尿病或心脏病。A. details细节；B. roots根源；C. results结果；D. effects影响。根据空后的“any care that may have already been given，and preexisting (早先存在的) conditions such as diabetes or heart trouble.”可知这都是关于受害者身体情况的一些细节问题。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：应检查受害者的医用腕带或描述特殊医疗状况的卡片。A. recorded记录；B. measured测量；C. checked检查；D. observed观察。根据上文“or medical bracelet or card that describes special medical conditions.”可知这是要询问受害者的一些细节问题，所以此处应该是检查一下受害者的医用腕带，来了解情况。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：除非事故现场变得不安全或受害者可能遭受进一步伤害，否则不要移动受害者。A. Although虽然；B. When什么时候；C. Because因为；D. Unless除非。根据下文的“do not___13___the victim”可知上下文是条件关系。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：除非事故现场变得不安全或受害者可能遭受进一步伤害，否则不要移动受害者。A. move移动；B. save拯救；C. touch触摸；D. defend保卫。根据上文“　___12___　the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury”可知上下文是条件关系。除非事故现场变得不安全或受害者可能遭受进一步伤害，否则不要移动受害者。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有证据表明可能存在颅骨或脊柱损伤，请将伤者放在舒适的位置。A. analysis分析；B. explanation解释；C. experience经验；D. evidence证据。根据上文“Once obvious injuries have been evaluated，the injured person's head should be kept in a neutral position in line with the body.”（一旦评估了明显的损伤，受伤者的头部应保持在与身体一致的中立位置。）可知评估了的明显的损伤就相当于是受伤者的头部应保持在与身体一致的中立位置的一个明显的证据。上下文是列举了两种完全不同的情况，但是都需要证据，以此来进行下一步急救措施。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：患者可以侧着身子呕吐，而不会窒息或阻塞呼吸道。A. to到某处；B. with和……一起；C. on在……上；D. at在。固定搭配on one's side“在某人一边；侧身；支持”，符合题意。故选C。 第二节(共 10小题;每小题 1.5分, 满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World Book Day was created on April 23rd, 1995, by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO) .The connection between that date and books, however, was made_____36_____Spain in 1923, as it is the anniversary(周年纪念日) of the_____37_____(die) of William Shakespeare and Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, famous Spanish Chronicler. There were a few _____38_____(idea) for the day of the year that World Book Day should be held._____39_____(original), Vicente Clavel Andres, a Valencian writer, suggested that the day should be on a day_____40_____ honored the author Miguel de Cervantes. This would be either his birthday, October 7, or the date when he passed away, April 23.The_____41_____(choose) date is the latter one because it was also the date when William Shakespeare died and when Inca Garcilaso de la Vega died too .In fact, several other well-known authors have also died on April 23—perhaps authors should be wary(留神的) of this date! In some countries, World Book Day actually_____42_____(take) place on other days of the year, despite the fact that the intentional event was created by UNESCO. For example, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and Ireland all celebrate_____43_____(they) own World Book Day events on _____44_____different day. However, the international day_____45_____(hold) on the same day each year since it began in 1995. 【答案】36. in 37. death 38. ideas 39. Originally 40. that##which 41. chosen 42. takes 43. their 44. a 45. has been held 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章介绍了世界读书日的起源和日期选择，以及一些国家庆祝世界读书日的不同方式。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：然而，这个日期与书籍之间的联系是1923年在西班牙提出的，因为这一天是威廉·莎士比亚和著名西班牙编年史家印加·加西拉索·德拉维加的忌日。表示“在西班牙”用in Spain。故填in。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。句中使用die的名词death作宾语，表示“死亡”为不可数名词。故填death。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：关于世界读书日应该在哪一天举行，有一些想法。句中使用名词作主语，此处idea为可数名词，表示复数意义。故填ideas。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：最初，巴伦西亚作家维森特·克拉维尔·安德烈斯建议将这一天定为纪念作家米格尔·德·塞万提斯的日子。设空处使用original的副词originally作状语，修饰句子。同时，该空置于句首，首字母大写。故填Originally。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词day，为物，故使用which。故填which或者that。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：之所以选择后者，是因为这一天也是威廉·莎士比亚和印加·加西拉索·德拉维加去世的日子。句中date和choose之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作定语。故填chosen。 【42题详解】 考查动词。句意：在一些国家，世界读书日实际上是在一年中的其他日子举行，尽管这一活动是由联合国教科文组织发起的。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。故填takes。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：例如，瑞典、英国和爱尔兰都在不同的日子庆祝他们自己的世界读书日活动。句中表示“某人自己的”用on one’s own，使用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：同上。句中day为名词，其前面应该使用冠词，此处表示泛指，同时different首字母发音为辅音。故填a。 【45题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，自1995年开始以来，国际日每年都在同一天举行。分析句子以及since可知，句中表示动作发生在过去，持续到现在故使用现在完成时。同时day与hold之间是被动关系，故使用现在完成时的被动语态，句子的主语为day是单数。故填has been held。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 40分) 第一节(满分 15分) 46. 假定你是李华，学校近期将举办中国文学名人展。外教Ryan是文学爱好者，请你给外教写一封邀请邮件，内容包括： 1.展览时间、地点; 2.展览内容。 注意：1.写作词数应80个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Ryan, I’m writing to invite you to the Chinese Literature Celebrities Exhibition which will be held in our school soon. The exhibition will take place in the school hall from next Monday to Friday. During the exhibition, there will be various displays introducing the life stories and literary achievements of famous Chinese writers. I believe this exhibition will provide you with a great opportunity to learn more about Chinese literature and culture. If you are interested, please let me know and I will arrange a guided tour for you. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Ryan写一封邀请邮件，邀请他参加学校近期将举办中国文学名人展。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举行：hold→host 著名的：famous→noted 各种各样的：various→a variety of 机会：opportunity→chance 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I believe this exhibition will provide you with a great opportunity to learn more about Chinese literature and culture. 拓展句：It will be a great opportunity for you to learn more about Chinese literature and culture through this exhibition. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I believe this exhibition will provide you with a great opportunity to learn more about Chinese literature and culture. (运用了省略that的宾语从句) [高分句型2] If you are interested, please let me know and I will arrange a guided tour for you. (运用了if引导条件状语从句) 第二节 读后续写 (满分 25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 I sat in my parents’ car. Mom had insisted I go with her to pick up Dad from work. Across from Dad’s office is a bike store. That was the day my eleven-year-old eyes first saw the purple BMX Mongoose bike. From that day on, all I could think about was that bike. I even drew pictures of the bike in class. Every evening afterward, at five thirty, I eagerly went along with Mom to get Dad. And every day I told my parents, “I want that bike!” But they disagreed and replied that I had already had a perfectly good bike at home. I’d argue it was old and ugly, thinking that my happiness depended on that purple bike. Days later, I found the store had sold that bike. I knew I’d never be happy again. A week later, returning home from school, I tripped over something. Lying in the weeds near a river and some wooded lots, was a bike — the exact bike from the store. “Hey, whose bike is this?” I shouted, scanning the area. No one replied, and there was no one in sight. Maybe its owner didn’t want it any longer. I couldn’t leave it lying in the weeds. So I took it home and hid it behind the garage. Every day after school, I sat there, admiring it. But I didn’t feel like riding and didn’t feel as happy as I had thought. Thinking about the bike made my stomach tighten and uncomfortable. A few days later, during lunch at school, my friend said, “Did you hear about Tyler, in the other fifth-grade class? He lost his new purple BMX Mongoose bike he had just gotten for his birthday. He left it by a river while playing in the woods. It got dark, and he couldn’t find it.” “I’d never go off and leave a new bike like that. He doesn’t deserve to have that bike,” I replied. My friend added, “Kids say he’s nice. And they say Tyler is upset because his dad worked overtime to buy the bike for him.” For the rest of the day, I couldn’t stop thinking about Tyler. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After school, I returned home and dragged to my room. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “I know Tyler’s house,” Mom said. “I’ll drive you there.” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 After school, I returned home and dragged to my room. The guilt of keeping Tyler's bike hidden behind the garage weighed heavily on me. I couldn't enjoy having the bike while knowing that it rightfully belonged to someone else. I wanted to make things right. So I went to my mother and told her what had happened. My mother smiled and tapped me on the shoulder, gently saying, “I believe you have known what you should do to the bike.” “I know Tyler’s house,” Mom said. “I’ll drive you there.” My heart raced with a mix of nervousness and determination. I walked up to knock the door. “Hey Tyler, I'm really sorry that I hid it and caused you trouble.” To my great surprise, he did not blame. What I saw was a smile slowly spread across his face. I knew exactly what that smile meant -- forgiveness for me. From that day on, the purple BMX Mongoose bike was no longer important to me. What mattered was the friendship I had formed with Tyler, which also taught me the important values like honesty. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了11岁的作者一直梦想拥有一辆紫色自行车，但他的父母不同意买给他。后来，他偶然发现了一辆被遗弃的紫色自行车，偷偷把它藏了起来，这辆自行车其实属于另一个孩子Tyler。最后，作者向母亲坦白了实情，并决定归还自行车。Tyler原谅了他，并建立了真诚的友谊。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“放学后，我回到家，拖着沉重的步子回到我的房间。”可知，第一段可描写作者回到家后把自己关在房间里，深感愧疚，并且主动向妈妈坦白了事实。 ②由第二段首句内容““我知道Tyler的家，”妈妈说。“我开车送你去。””可知，第二段可描写作者主动跟Tyler道歉，得到了Tyler的原谅，作者如释重负，并且和Tyler成为朋友，以及作者最终的领悟。 2.续写线索： 深感愧疚——告知真相——归还车子——道歉——原谅——成为朋友——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①重压：weigh on sb/press on sb ②.拍：tap/pat ③.绽开笑容：a smile spread across one’s face/a smile shines on one’s face 情绪类 ①.愧疚/羞愧：guilt/shame ②.惊讶：surprise/amazement 【点睛】[高分句型1]. My mother smiled and tapped me on the shoulder, gently saying, “I believe you have known what you should do to the bike.”（句中含有现在分词作伴随状语的结构以及what引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2]. What mattered was the friendship I had formed with Tyler, which also taught me the important values like honesty.（由what引导的主语从句以及which引导的非限制性定语从句） 听力1~5: ABACB 6~10:AAACB 11~15: BCBCA 16~20: BAABC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$