Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 重点词汇导学案-2023-2024学年高中英语译林版（2020）选择性必修第三册

B6U4 重点词汇学案 2023.2 1. preserve vt. 1. to save something or someone from being harmed or destroyed 保护 e.g. 1) It is highly important to preserve the environment. 2) The calm courage of the pilot preserved the lives of the passengers. 2. to make something continue without changing 维护，维持 e.g. 1) It's the duty of the police to preserve the public order. 2)I think these interesting old customs should be preserved. 3. to store food for along time after treating it so that it will not decay 保存 e.g. 1) You should preserve your papers for future use. 2）Salt and spices help to preserve meat. n. preservation adj. preserved preserved eggs/ham/meat 皮蛋/腊肉/咸肉 She's very well-preserved for her age. 保养得当 well-preserved Roman ruins 保存完好 2. Wear vt. vi. 1. to become thinner or weaker after continuous use, or to make something do this e.g. The cushions are starting to wear a little. 2. to have a particular expression on your face wear a smile/frown/grin 3. My shoes have worn down at the heel. 磨平 Its teeth were worn down. 磨平 It was clear he was being worn down by the rumours over his future. 消磨斗志 These are the first machines that can stand the wear and tear of continuously crushing glass. 磨损 3. Ruin 1. Vt. to spoil or destroy something completely e.g. This illness has ruined my life. e.g. His career would be ruined. 2. n. (c/u) e.g. The news meant the ruin of all our hopes. e.g. An earthquake left the whole town in ruins. 成为废墟 4. conflict n. 冲突；矛盾 armed / military/political/social conflict a state of inner conflict be in conflict with =conflict with=be in disagreement with e.g. The findings were in conflict with those of the previous research. vi. 冲突，抵触，不一致 e.g. 1) The statements of the two witnesses conflict. 2)The findings conflicted with those of the previous research. conflicting opinions/demands/interests 相矛盾的观点/要求/利益 5 agenda n (list of) matters of business to be discussed at a meeting, etc The agenda for the meeting is as follows. be high on the agenda/be top of the agenda 重中之重 Measures to fight against terrorism will be high on the agenda. 6. Assess vt. to make a judgment about a person or situation after thinking carefully about it =judge 评定 assess the impact/extent/effectiveness etc of sth e.g.a report to assess the impact of advertising on children be assessed as sth 评估 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 e.g. Many of the adults were assessed as having learning difficulties. to calculate the value or cost of something 估算 be assessed at sth e.g. The value of the business was assessed at £1.25 million. assessment n 7. collapse vi. 1. to fall down or fallin suddenly, often after breaking apart 倒塌，坍塌 e.g. The roof collapsed under the weight ofsnow. 2. to fall down (and usually become unconscious), especially because you are very ill/sick（尤指因病重而）倒下，昏倒， 晕倒 e.g. He collapsed in the street and died two hours later. N. 1. [ U] the action of a building suddenly falling （突然的）倒塌，塌陷，垮掉 e.g.The walls were strengthened to protect them from collapse. 围墙已加固以防倒塌。 2. [ U] [ Cusually sing.] a medical condition when a person suddenly becomes very ill/sick, or when sb falls because they are ill/sick or weak 病倒；（因病或体弱的）昏倒，晕倒 e.g. a state of mental/nervous collapse 精神╱神经的崩溃状态 e.g.She was taken to hospital after her collapse at work. 她在工作时晕倒后被送进了医院 8. consultation n. 1.[U] consulting or being consulted 请教; 谘询; 磋商 acting in consultation with the director, consultation of a dictionary 2.[C] a meeting with aprofessional person, especially a doctor, for advice or treatment 会诊 e.g. A follow-up consultation was arranged for two weeks' time. 3.the process of getting advice from a professional person e.g. Trained parenting experts are available for consultation by telephone. Consult v. consult one's lawyer, amap, a dictionary 请教律师﹑ 查看地图﹑ 查阅词典 consult with one's partners 与合伙人商量. consulting room room where a doctor talks to and examines patients 诊察室. 9. suspend vt. 1. [ usually + adv./prep.] ~ sth/sb (from sth) (by/on sth)to hangsth from sthelse 悬；挂；吊 e.g. 1) A lamp was suspended from the ceiling. 2) Her body was found suspended by a rope. 人们发现她的尸体吊在绳子上 2. to officially delaysth; to arrange for sth to happen later than planned 延缓；暂缓；推迟 e.g. The introduction of the new system has been suspended until next year. 新制度推迟到明年再行实施。 3. [ usually passive] ~ sb (from sth)to officially preventsb from doing their job, going to school, etc. for a time 使暂时停职 （或停学等) e.g. The police officer was suspended while the complaint was investigated. 投诉调查期间，这位警员被暂停职务 10. Division 1. disagreement among the members of a group that makes them form smaller opposing groups division between/within/among sth e.g. Can he heal the deep divisions among different parties? 2. the act of separating something into two or more different parts, or the way these parts are separated or shared division of sth between/among/into sth e.g. the traditional division of labour v. Divide e.g. The book is divided into six sections. 11. interrupt v. 插嘴；打扰；打岔 to say or dosth. that makessb. stop what they are saying or doing e.g. They were interrupted by a knock at the door. 使暂停；使中断 to stopsth.for a short time 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 e.g. The game was interrupted several times by rain. n. interruption 12 Conservation n. 1. prevention of loss, waste, damage, destruction, etc 保存; 保护; 避免损失﹑ 浪费﹑ 破坏 e.g. the conservation offorests, water resources, old buildings e.g. wildlife conservation 2.preservation of the natural environment e.g. She is interested in conservation. 她对保护环境这个问题十分关心. conserve v. e.g. conserve one's strength, health, resources, etc 保住体力﹑ 健康﹑ 资源等 e.g.new laws to conserve wildlife in the area 保护该地区野生动物的新法令. 13. reserve v. l~ sth (for sb/sth) 预订，预约（座位、席位、房间等）to ask for a seat, table, room, etc. to be available for you or sb. else at a future time =book e.g. I'd like to reserve a table for three for eight o'clock. l~ sth (for sb/sth) 保留；贮备 to keepsth.for sb./sth., so that it cannot be used for any other reason e.g. These seats are reserved for special guests. l拥有，保持，保留（某种权利） to have or keep a particular power e.g. The management reserves the right to refuse admission. n. l储备（量）；储藏（量） a supply of sth. that is available to be used in the future or when it is needed e.g. large oil and gas reserves l（动植物）保护区； 自然保护区 a piece of land that is a protected area for animals, plants, etc. e.g. awildlife reserve reserve conserve preserve Ex. In the summer, large crops offruit maybe preserved by freezing or bottling. The republic's factories have closed for the weekend to conserve energy. A separate room is reservedfor smokers. 14. intense adj. very great or severe; extreme 很大的，强烈的 e.g. Young people today are under intense pressure to succeed. e.g. intense interest, anger,jealousy highly emotional 热情的, 易动感情的 e.g. She's a little too intense forme. 15. pursue vt. 1. todosthor try to achievesth over a period of time 追求，致力于，执行 e.g. to pursue a goal/an aim/an objective She wishes to pursue a medical career. 2. to follow or chasesb/sth, especially in order to catch them 追逐 e.g. She left the theatre, hotly pursued by the press. n. pursuit e.g. People are having to move to other areas in pursuit of work. 16. submit vt.&vi. -tt- 1. to give a document, proposal, etc. to sb in authority so that they can study or consider it 提交，呈递 ~ sth (to sb/sth) e.g. to submit an application/a complaint e.g. Completed projects must be submitted by 10 March. 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. to accept the authority, control or greater strength of sb/sth; to agree to sth because of this 屈服 =give in ~ (yourself) (to sb/sth) e.g. She refused to submit to threats. e.g. He submitted himself to a search by the guards. n. Submission 17. assign 1.~ sth to sb givesth to sbas a share of work to be done or of things to be used 分配给某人一部分工作去做或一份 东西去使用: e.g. The teacher has assigned each of usa holiday task. e.g. The two large classrooms have been assigned to us. 这两间大教室已经分配给我们了. 2.~ sb to sth name sb for a task or position; appoint sb 指定某人做一工作或任一职务; 委派, 选派某人: e.g.They've assigned their best man to the job. 他们选派了最合适的人做那项工作. e.g.One of the members was assigned to take the minutes. 其中的一个成员被指定作记录. n. Assignment 17. expansion n. when something increases in size, range, amount etc 扩展、扩大、膨胀 e.g. the expansion of gases when heated e.g. the expansion of his business interests 他的商业利益的增加 e.g. the expansion of the school system 学校机构的扩大. v. expand 使（某事物）变大, 扩大, 增大, 增加, 增强, 扩展 to become larger in size, number, or amount, or to make something become larger e.g. Water expands as it freezes. e.g. Sydney's population expanded rapidly in the 1960s. 18. initiative n. the ability to decide in an independent way what to do and when to do it 主动性 e.g. Mr. Hills showed initiative and bravery when dealing with a dangerous situation. an important new plan or process to achieve a particular aim or to solve a particular problem 倡议、新方案 e.g. a new initiative for peace in the Middle East 19 entry n. Harry made his entry into the village. The winning entry will be published in our April issue. What's the closing date for entries? We've attracted a record entry this year. adictionary entry 20 ban n. vt. 1. an official order that prevents something from being used or done e.g.a total ban on cigarette advertising lift/impose a ban 2. vt(-nn-) officially forbidsb (todosth) 明令禁止某人（做某事） e.g.He was banned from (attending) the meeting. 不准他出席该会议. e.g.She's been banned from driving for six months. 已禁止她开车, 为期六个月. 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 诵读佳句 1.A concerted effort to preserve our heritage is a vital link to our cultural, educational, aesthetic, inspirational and economic legacies. ( p. 43) 2.Before we begin, I want to ask you: have you ever been awed by natural wonders? Have you ever been fascinated by human civilization? ( p.44 line2) 3. Unfortunately, UNESCO heritage sites face a variety of dangers and many of them are in urgent need of protection. ( p.44 line7) 4. In some conflict areas where civil wars often break out, fighters have even destroyed heritage sites on purpose. (p.45 line22) 5.Everyday, thousands of tourists climbing up the narrow stone steps are wearing down these ancient buildings and the long-term consequences could lead to irreparable destruction of the internal structure. (p.45 line28) 6. Heritage protection is at the top of the agenda for the benefit of all mankind. The more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites, the more likely we are to treat them with respect. (p.45 line 47) 7. If your heart breaks like mine at the thought of our irreplaceable heritage being lost forever, please take action. ( p.45, line 52) 8. There are divisions among historians over when exactly the construction of the twin temples started, but no one can deny the fact that they were constructed in the 13th century BCE. ( p. 48 line2) 9. There was no guarantee that it would work, since noone had attempted anything similar before. ( p. 48 line 14) 10. We are lucky to have UNESCO to oversee such an important task. It sees heritage as “our legacy from the past, what we live with today, and what we pass on to future generations” as well as “irreplaceable sources of life and inspiration”.(p. 50 line 5) 11. The incredible splendor of heritage sites is a reminder of the power of nature and the genius of man. (p. 50 line9) 12. As a national park and nature reserve, Jiuzhaigou Valley, just north of the Sichuan Basin, is home to mighty snow-capped mountains, thick forests alive with wildlife, impressive waterfalls and lakes so blue that they take our breath away. (p. 50 line 10) 13. Similarly, standing in the shadow of the Borobudur Temple, as the sunrises over this grand historic building, we are impressed with the effort, determination and intense belief of the people who built it with primitive tools. It is in places like these that we cannot help but be humbled, come to understand our limitations as human beings, and know that our duty is to protect them for future generations. ( p. 50 line14) 14. Covering vast distances and an astonishing variety of landscapes, the Silk Road was a network of ancient trade routes that extended from East Asia all the way to the Mediterranean. (p. 53 line1) 15. Assigned by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang’an to Central Asia, seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. (p. 53 line20) 16. Following Zhang’s efforts, trade routes took shape and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time, with the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire. (p. 53 line22) 17. The route were alive with strings of camels carrying loads of goods and traders selling everything imaginable. ( p. 54. line 30) 18. In addition to trade exchange, the network served as a bridge for cultural exchange which shaped the evolution of science, art, technology and many other areas in societies along the network. ( p. 54 line 34) 19. All of these activities contributed to a great age of expansion as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods, knowledge and ideas. (p. 54 line 41) 20. The addition of the Chang’an-Tianshan Corridor to the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Road as a crucial part of humanity’s common heritage.( p. 54 line 46) 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一 语法填空 1. China’s ancient (civilize) has continued into modern times, despite many ups and downs in its history. 2. He said he would provide voluntary services for the public, including legal (consult) and （assist），if he passed the exam. 3. Those who seek to grab power through (violent) deserve (punish). 4. It is no wonder that the whole buildings is now in (ruin);it caught a fire last night. 5. She found herself (conflict) with her parents over her future career. 6. The comfortable and stable work environments can wear your will. 7. The boss was disappointed to see his company (assess) as unqualified, which led to the company losing down. 8. The more Iknow about Chinese tradition culture,the (attract) it is tome. 9. The beauty of rereading lies in the idea our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. 10. Despite the fact that the geographical (divide) is random ,various cultures begin to emerge. 11. The two countries signed an agreement in December ,confirming their intention of further (cooperate) between them. 12. He must become a skilled radio (operate) and be able to repair his own equipment. 13. Feeling that most of the members have voted him, he put on a smile 14. When we were having maths class, the door opened and in came a stranger (interrupt) our class. 15. I have no idea we can do to deal with this waste materials in the future. 16. Evidence has been found through years of study children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when he grow up. 17. There is some doubt one day humans will find cures to deal with deadly diseases, such as cancer and blood diseases. 18. It was with great courage the boy told the truth he had stolen the money. 19. With past success an growth ,it’s no wonder that Universal Studios Hollywood is excited about its latest plans for (expand). 20. In the end , he submitted himself a search by guards. 21. The two passengers occupying seats were reported to have been banned taking trains for 180 days. 22. The system has been designed to give students quick and easy access the digital resources of the library. 23. Generally, it contains no more than 75000 ( entry ), making it easy to carry to class and efficient to use. 24. With each problem concerning the globe and the area (discuss), the APEC Summit closed successfully. 25. The little girl is walking along the beach, happy and excited, occasionally (bend) down to pick up a beautiful seashell. 26. He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of were published in the 1990s. 27. Taking online reading into (consider), we can challenge the (assume) that reading for pleasure continues to decrease. 二 单词填空 1.Having practiced calligraphy, my desk-mate made i progress in handwriting. 2.It is too soon to make a judgement about what the (结果）will be. 3.Equipping children in primary school with the basic skills of literacy is high on the a . 4. E is the study of the relationship between plants, animals, people and their environment. 5.The fact that ancient Greek c had a great influence on Western culture is known to many people. 6.Believe it or not, it's actually impossible to make a 100% accurate weather f . 7.We strongly recommend reporting the (事件）to the police. 8.Though （远古的） and simple in form ，this stone carving has very high artistic value. 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 9.It bothers many people that they have to v for their acquaintances and friends. 10.Knowledge makes people h ，and ignorance makes people proud. 11.The （分歧）between the various classes of society are not so marked as they used to be. 12.With the help of such a high-tech instrument, the （操作人员）can know exactly at once what has gone wrong. 13.The i competition from overseas has inspired the company to develop new products. 14.The programme was i for half an hour because of a sudden power failure last night. 15.People all over the country once thought highly of the building designed by the famous （建筑师）. 16.If a city wishes to host the Olympics, it must s a proposal to the IOC. 17.China will enhance cooperation with countries and regions in favour of the Belt and Road I . 18.He hopes that he always has the courage top his love of music regardless of what others think. 19. With the information explosion in science and technology, more and more new terms will （出现） and need to be defined. 20.“2023 will be a year of （里程碑）significance,” the president said, adding that the country would complete its task of building a power. 三 词组填空 （A） be faced with, in need of, wear down, lead to, breakout, on purpose, give rise to, wear and tear, be typical of, at the thought of 1.Bicycle parts are exposed to overtime and you have to examine the bicycle to see if there are any signs of wearing such as scratches, dents, etc. 2.The steps over the years by all those passing feet. 3.I was full of joy seeing my best friends again. 4.She stayed awake until half past eleven to have a good look at the moon by herself. 5.They the problem whether they should carry on. 6.Heated arguments and cold silence can a breakdown in your relationship. 7.The climate of a place is the general weather conditions that it. 8.Thinking of all the people still help,Doctor Lin opened a private clinic. 9.As the quality of the city ’s air continues to concerns,the residents are encouraged to set off fewer fireworks. 10.A major fire at Notre Dame,which dates back to the year of 1163. （B） under threat, take apart, be ignorant of, in advance, sum up, in turn, be impressed with ， take shape, contribute to, serve as, in recognition of, bring up 1.The first time I toured Zhangjiajie,I its beautiful scenery. 2.It is said that many precious species are from human activities. 3.The child wants to a watch to see what makes it work. 4..The dogs serve to protect humans against pumas,which prevent pumas from being hunted by humans. 5.Cooperation is crucial,and we shouldn ’t the progress being made in other countries. 6.Which Chinese character would you choose to ? 7.The visitors sat at the table reserved for them and started dinner. 8.When completed, the building will a reception hall for the school. 9.There were several geographical areas named after him his achievements in earth science studies. 10.Some people who are born and in rural villages, have never seen a train. 11.Proper diets, combined with plenty of exercise, his good health. 12.We have been seeing good cooperation between tourism across the Taiwan Straits since July,2008. 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 四 作文 1. 很 遗 憾 ， 联 合 国 教 科 文 组 织 遗 产 地 正 面 临 各 种 危 险 ， 其 中 多 处 急 需 保 护 。 2. 在一些经常爆发内战的冲突地区，战士甚至会故意炸毁遗产地。 3. 每天，数千名游客攀爬狭窄的石阶，磨损着这些古建筑，长期的影响对内部结构可能造成不可修复 的破坏。 4. 如果你们像我一样，一想到我们不可取代的遗产会永久消失便感到心痛，就请行动起来。 5. 丝绸之路是从东亚一路延伸至地中海地区的古代贸易路网，绵延万里，沿途风光百变，令人惊叹。 6. 使者张骞奉旨由长安城出发，长途跋涉至中亚地区，力求搭建汉朝和西域沟通的桥梁。 7. 经过他的努力，商路初具规模，当时主要强国间的关系也得到了巩固，路网甚至延伸到了罗马帝国。 8. 所有这些活动共同催生了一个欣欣向荣的大时代，因为贸易往来和文化交流使人们接触到新商品、 新知识和新观念。 9. 长安-天山㾿道被列入联合国教科文组织《世界遗产名录》，对认定丝绸之路为人类共同遗产的重 要部分具有里程碑的意义。 _________________________________________________________________________ 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一 语法填空 civilization consultation assistance violence punishment/punishing ruins in conflict down assessed more attractive that division cooperation operator for interrupting what that whether that that expansion to from to entries discussed bending which consideration assumption 二 单词填空 1.Having practiced calligraphy, my desk-mate made incredible progress in handwriting. 2.It is too soon to make a judgement about what the outcome(结果）will be. 3.Equipping children in primary school with the basic skills of literacy is high on the agenda. 5. Ecology is the study of the relationship between plants, animals, people and their environment. 5.The fact that ancient Greek civilization had a great influence on Western culture is known to many people. 6.Believe it or not, it's actually impossible to make a 100% accurate weather forecast. 7.We strongly recommend reporting the incident(事件）to the police. 8.Though primitive（远古的） and simple in form ，this stone carving has very high artistic value. 9.It bothers many people that they have to vote for their acquaintances and friends. 10.Knowledge makes people humble ，and ignorance makes people proud. 11.The divisions（分歧）between the various classes of society are not so marked as they used to be. 12.With the help of such a high-tech instrument, the operator（操作人员）can know exactly at once what has gone wrong. 13.The intense competition from overseas has inspired the company to develop new products. 14.The programme was interrupted for half an hour because of a sudden power failure last night. 15.People all over the country once thought highly of the building designed by the famous architect（建筑 师）. 16.If a city wishes to host the Olympics, it must submit a proposal to the IOC. 17.China will enhance cooperation with countries and regions in favour of the Belt and Road Initiative. 18.He hopes that he always has the courage to pursue his love of music regardless of what others think. 19. With the information explosion in science and technology, more and more new terms will emerge（出现） and need to be defined. 20.“2023will be a year ofmilestone（里程碑）significance,” the president said, adding that the country would complete its task of building a power. 三 词组 （A） 1.wear and tear 2.have been worn down 3.at the thought of 4.on purpose 5.are faced with 6.lead to 7.are typical of 8.in need of 9.give rise to 10.broke out （B） 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.was impressed with 2under threat 3take apart 4.in turn 5.be ignorant of 6.sum up 7.in advance 8.serve as 9.in recognition of 10.brought up 11.contribute to 12.taking shape 四 句子翻译 1. 很遗憾，联合国教科文组织遗产地正面临各种危险，其中多处急需保护。 Unfortunately, UNESCO heritage sites face a variety of dangers and many of them are in urgent need of protection. 2. 在一些经常爆发内战的冲突地区，战士甚至会故意炸毁遗产地。 In some conflict areas where civil wars often break out, fighters have even destroyed heritage sites on purpose. 3. 每天，数千名游客攀爬狭窄的石阶，磨损着这些古建筑，长期的影响对内部结构可能造成不可修复 的破坏。 Every day, thousands of tourists climbing up the narrow stone steps are wearing down these ancient buildings and the long-term consequences could lead to irreparable destruction of the internal structure. 4. 如果你们像我一样，一想到我们不可取代的遗产会永久消失便感到心痛，就请行动起来。 If your heartbreaks like mine at the thought of our irreplaceable heritage being lost forever, please take action. 5. 丝绸之路是从东亚一路延伸至地中海地区的古代贸易路网，绵延万里，沿途风光百变，令人惊叹。 Covering vast distances and an astonishing variety of landscapes, the Silk Road was a network of ancient trade routes that extended from East Asia all the way to the Mediterranean. 6. 使者张骞奉旨由长安城出发，长途跋涉至中亚地区，力求搭建汉朝和西域沟通的桥梁。 Assigned by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang’an to Central Asia, seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. 7. 经过他的努力，商路初具规模，当时主要强国间的关系也得到了巩固，路网甚至延伸到了罗马帝国。 Following Zhang’s efforts, trade routes took shape and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time, with the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire. 8. 所有这些活动共同催生了一个欣欣向荣的大时代，因为贸易往来和文化交流使人们接触到新商品、 新知识和新观念。 All of these activities contributed to a great age of expansion as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods, knowledge and ideas. 9. 长安-天山㾿道被列入联合国教科文组织《世界遗产名录》，对认定丝绸之路为人类共同遗产的重要 部分具有里程碑的意义。 The addition of the Chang’an-Tianshan Corridor to the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Road as a crucial part of humanity’s common heritage. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 单词填空 词组填空 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$