2025届高三英语一轮复习非谓语动词实用性讲解课件

@green 2066 高三英语一轮复习 PICTURE ALBUM THE GREEN 非谓语动词 2023高考 基本原则：一个句子有且只能有一个谓语动词。 如果一个句子有两个动词，没有连词，那么保留一个做谓语，另一个做非谓语动词。 动词不定式 to do / to be done 现在分词 doing / being done 过去分词 done / having done 非谓语动词 2023高考 动词是词性，可以做谓语、也可以做非谓语（比如主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补等） 谓语是成分，谓语只能由动词来做。 类比： 小明是男孩（词性），小明可以是儿子，是学生，是好朋友，是兄弟（成分） 如何区分动词和谓语动词？ 2023高考 以build为例： 以下形式都是谓语 以下形式都是非谓语 build is/are/was/were built builds built (过去式-主动) is/was/were building is/was/were being built have/has/had built have/has/had been built to build to be built building being built built (过去分词-被动) having built having been built 一定要会认谓语动词和非谓语动词！ 2023高考 例句： 1.The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759. 2.According to a joint report released by the WWF and Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2018, restaurants and canteens in China wasted about 18 million tons of food per year. 非谓语 如何区分v+ed是谓语还是非谓语？ 谓语 谓语 非谓语 谓语 2023高考 3.Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 4.The 23 vehicles unearthed from Yinxu are the highlights in the new galleries. 5.The Yinxu Ruins, listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2006, hosted a later period Shang capital city. 非谓语 如何区分v+ed是谓语还是非谓语？ 非谓语 谓语 非谓语 2023高考 总结： 1. 如果句子有其他谓语动词，则v+ed为非谓语。 2. v+ed by→非谓语 3. v+ed 后无名词作宾语→一般是非谓语（如果动词是不及物动词，那就是谓语） 4. v+ed +名词作宾语→一般是谓语（如果动词接双宾语或宾补，则是非谓语） 5. the v+ed n →非谓语 6. v+ed, →非谓语 7. n,..非谓语.., 谓语 8. 固定搭配 be intended for, be based on, be dressed in, be located in... 如何区分v+ed是谓语还是非谓语？ 2023高考 6.Brought up in Zunyi, Guizhou, Yang started learning drifting on a bamboo pole on the water when she was seven. 7.Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message intended for everyone. 8.Located in the outskirts of Hangzhou in East China’s Zhejiang province, Xixi National Wetland Park is the first national wetland park in China. 9.For example, in 1998, Disney produced a film named Mulan, was considered a great success by critics and the public. 非谓语 练习： 谓语 非谓语 非谓语 非谓语 谓语 2023高考 1.After reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. 2.This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. 总结： after后面句子有主语，是连词。没主语，是介词。 练习： After __________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history! after是介词还是连词？ spending 2023高考 1. 主语： To become an editor is my ambition. 我的志向是做编辑。 it is adj for sb to do it 做形式主语 it takes sb 时间/钱 to do 2. 宾语： want, would like, expect, hope, wish, decide, plan, agree ,intend, demand, promise, prepare, refuse, choose, fail, pretend, manage, determine + to do 特殊： had better do 最好做...... why not do, why do not you do为什么不做......呢 Find it hard to do the task it是形式宾语，to do 是真正的宾语 动词不定式to do（表目的；将来） 2023高考 3. 宾语补足语： With 的复合结构 with so much homework to do, 使役动词：let, make, have sb (to) do get sb to do 感官动词：see, hear, observe, watch sb (to) do eg. I see my daughter (to) clean the floor. 4. 状语 目的状语 He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.　他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。 I come here to say good-bye to you.　我来仅仅是向你告别。 动词不定式to do（表目的；将来） 2023高考 结果状语（出乎意料的结果） I awoke to find my truck gone. 我醒来发现箱子不见了。 He searched the room，only to find nothing. 他搜索了房间，没发现什么。 5、定语（表将来） the bridge to be built next year ... 来年建成的桥...... 注意：__to do___(v) to ___doing__(v) 给出来的to一般都是介词 to do + 被动 = to be done 动词不定式to do（表目的；将来） 2023高考 练习： 1. (2023年全国甲卷) For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___________(teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. 2. (2023年全国I卷) Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents. 3. (2020年全国II卷) They are easy ____________ (care) for and make great presents. 动词不定式to do（表目的；将来） to teach to be lifted to care 表目的 allow sb to do+被动 be adj + to do 区分be adj +n (2019年全国I卷) Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___ ___(perform) consistently over a large area. to perform 2023高考 1.宾语 V+doing Finish, practice, be worth, be busy， 完成练习值得忙 Consider, suggest, 考虑建议不禁想 Keep on, be used to, give up 继续习惯别放弃 Enjoy, miss, mind 喜欢思念要介意 介词+doing to, for, of, with, from... 2. 定语 Do you know the crying boy? 正在哭的男孩 3、状语 伴随状语：He went home, singing and dancing. 动名词/现在分词doing（表主动；正在） 2023高考 结果状语 doing表示自然而然的结果 to do表示出乎意料的结果 eg. His father died, leaving the family worse off. 父亲的去世让这个家更加贫穷了。 4、主语/表语 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 5、宾补 When I woke up this morning, I found myself lying on the floor. 注意：while ___doing_____(v) 正在被 being done 主语/宾语+被动 = being done 动名词/现在分词doing（表主动；正在） 2023高考 1. (2023年全国I卷) No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left ___________(want) more next time. 2. (2023年全国II卷) They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___________ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. 3. (2023年全国乙卷) As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ____________ (record) everything I discovered. 4. (2022年全国II卷) Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ____________ (fall) child. 5.(2021年全国乙卷) Minimize the impact of ____________（visit） the place. 动名词/现在分词doing（表主动；正在） wanting visiting 介词 recording falling visiting 主动 spend ...doing... it takes/took ... to do... 定语 介词+doing 2023高考 1. 定语 This is the book written by him. This bridge built...（建完了的桥） This bridge to be built...(将要建的桥) This bridge being built...（正在被建的桥） 2. 状语 Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks beautiful. 3. 宾语补足语 Each time I take the underground I find myself surrounded by dozens of passengers playing smart­phones. 过去分词done（被动） 2023高考 4. 常考done be intended for 目的是；为了 be located in 位于 be based on 以...为基础 be dressed in 穿着 be linked to 与...有关 be faced with 面对 be compared with 对比 注意： 主语/宾语+被动=being done 现在完成时+主动=having done 现在完成时+被动=having been done 过去分词done（被动） 2023高考 练习： 1. (2023年全国I卷) Shanghai may be the ____________ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings... 2. (2023年全国甲卷) Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ____________ (intend) for everyone. 3. (2022年全国甲卷) Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ____________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 4. (2021年全国I卷) But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ____________(astonish). 过去分词done（被动） recognized intended held 定语 被动 astonished 宾补 2023高考 1.(2023年全国甲卷) “There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___________ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 2.(2023年全国乙卷) It is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ____________ (build) system of ring roads. 3.(2023年全国乙卷)___________________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 高考真题演练 borrowing built Having visited 主动 定语，被动 现在完成时+主动 2023高考 4.(2022年全国I卷)____________ (cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 5.(2021年全国I卷) I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, _________ (think) it is food. 6.(2022年全国II卷) He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ____________ (see) them. 7.(2021年全国II卷) I decided to do something ____________ (educate) people about this problem. 8.(2022年全国甲卷) A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step____________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 高考真题演练 Covering thinking to see 主动 主动 journey是动词 the first ... to do 为了，表目的 to educate 为了，表目的 to journey 2023高考 9.(2022年全国甲卷) He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, ____________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 10.(2022年全国乙卷) It can help to build a community with a ____________ (share) future for mankind,” he said. 11.(2022年全国乙卷)_________________ (strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, __________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 12. (2021年全国乙卷)Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 高考真题演练 planning shared To strengthen 主动 定语，被动 为了，表目的 inviting to have 2023高考 13.(2021年全国甲卷) It is possible____________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 14.(2020年全国II卷) They make great gifts and you see them many times ____________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 15.(2019年全国I卷) Scientists have responded by __________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are. 高考真题演练 to walk decorated noting bike是动词，并列 them是orange trees，被装饰 note 特别指出（动词） note 笔记（名词） 注意： journey，bike, note 用作动词 2023高考 1.(2020年全国II卷) These days, it is not unusual for 10- to-12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders____________ (begin) computer classes. 2.(2020年全国I卷) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or____________ (walk) through a rainforest. 3.(2023年全国I卷) The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ____________ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____________to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 并列: and, or, but to begin walking to bite or whether...or...或者，或者 2023高考 4.(2023年全国III卷) And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds___________________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. 5.(2022年全国I卷) The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 并列 surrounding to increase 注意：___________(v) and do... to do $$