Unit 1 People of Achievement【单元卷•测试卷】-2024-2025学年高二英语单元速记•巧练（人教版2019选择性必修第一册）

Unit 1 People of Achievement【单元卷•测试卷】 全卷满分120分　考试用时100分钟 第一部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature Grading Scale 90-100, A;80-89, B;70-79, C;60-69, D;Below 60, E. Essays (60%) Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course:Essay 1=10%;Essay 2=15%;Essay 3=15%;Essay 4=20%. Group Assignments (30%) Students will work in groups to complete four assignments during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system. Daily Work/In⁃Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%) Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in⁃class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded. Late Work An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.Where is this text probably taken from? A.A textbook.　　　 B.An exam paper.　　　 C.A course plan.　　　D.An academic article. 2.How many parts is a student's final grade made up of? A.Two.　　　B.Three.　　　C.Four.　　　D.Five. 3.What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date? A.You will receive a zero.　　　B.You will lose a letter grade. C.You will be given a test.　　　D.You will have to rewrite it. B 　By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page turner. “I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.” Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group's official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage. “A lot of skills are needed for the job.You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot,”Mr Titterton explained. Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner. But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said. “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.” Most page turners are piano students or up⁃and⁃coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage. “My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He's interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say:‘Turn, turn!’”“Robert is the best page turner I've had in my entire life.” 4.What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner? A.Read music. 　　　　　B.Play the piano.　　　　　C.Sing songs. 　　　　　D.Fix the instruments. 5.Which of the following best describes Titterton's job on stage? A.Boring. 　　　　　B.Well⁃paid.　　　　　C.Demanding. 　　　　　D.Dangerous. 6.What does Titterton need to practise? A.Counting the pages. 　　　　　B.Recognizing the “nodding”. C.Catching falling objects. 　　　　　D.Performing in his own style. 7.Why is Ms Raspopova's husband “the worst page turner”? A.He has very poor eyesight. 　　　　　B.He ignores the audience. C.He has no interest in music. 　　　　　D.He forgets to do his job. C The Tanzanian writer Abdulrazak Gurnah, whose experience of crossing continents and cultures plays a vital role in his novels about the impact of migration(移居) on individuals and societies, won the 2021 Nobel Prize in Literature. Born in 1948 on the island of Zanzibar, Abdulrazak Gurnah never considered the possibility that he might one day be a writer. “It never occurred to me,”he said in an interview. “It wasn’t something you could say as you were growing up.”He assumed he would become “someone like an engineer”. In 1964, a violent uprising(暴动) forced Gurnah to flee to England. Unhappy, poor and homesick, he began to write down thoughts in his diary and then stories about other people. Those writings as well as the habit of writing gave rise to his first novel, then nine more. In almost all of his works, Gurah has tried to uncover the way in which colonialism(殖民政策) has changed everything in the world, and people who are living through it are still processing that experience and some of its wounds. “The thing that motivated the whole experience of writing for me was this idea of losing my place in the world,” he said. Anders Olsson, chairman of the Nobel Committee for Literature, called him one of the world􀆳s most extraordinary post⁃colonial writers. He said it was crucial that Gurnah’s roots are in Zanzibar, a place that had people from different countries, and was influenced by their cultures long before globalization. It is of great significance for Africa⁃born Gurnah to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, which has been occupied by European and North American writers since it was founded in 1901. 8.What do we learn about Abdulrazak Gurnah from Paragraph 2? A.He aimed to be a writer while young. B.His habit of writing contributed to his career. C.He fled away to England for his political reasons. D.His earlier stories were mainly about homesickness. 9.What does the underlined word “motivated” mean in Paragraph 3? A.Inspired.　　　　B.Persuaded.　　　　C.Combined.　　　　D. Forecast. 10.What is the reason for Gurnah􀆳s winning the Nobel Prize? A.He is a Tanzanian writer. B.He suffers too much all his life. C.His rich experience and cultural background count. D.His novels involve colonialism and poor life of people. 11.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.A Worldwide Novelist Rooted in Tanzania B.The Dream of Becoming a Post⁃colonial Writer C.Abdulrazak Gurnah Won the Nobel Prize in Literature D.The Influence of Migration on Individuals and Societies D Kenya has been at the forefront of the global war on plastic since 2017, when officials outlawed plastic bags. In 2020, the government raised the demand with a ban on single⁃use plastic. Unfortunately, tons of industrial and consumer plastic wastes continue to get poured into landfills daily. However, if 29⁃year⁃old Nzambi Matee has her way, the unsightly plastic garbage mountain will soon be transformed into colorful bricks. The material engineer’s search for an effective solution to controlling plastic pollution began in 2017, when she set up a small lab in her backyard. It took her nine months to produce the first brick and even longer to convince a partner to help build the machinery to make bricks. She says, “I wanted to use my education in applied physics and material engineering to do something about plastic waste pollution. But I knew the solution had to be practical, sustainable and affordable. The best way to do this was by channeling the waste into the construction space and finding the most efficient and affordable material to build homes.” Her company, Gjenge Makers, now hires 112 people and produces over 1,500 bricks a day, which are made using a mix of plastic products that can’t be reprocessed or recycled. The collected plastic is obtained directly from factories or picked by hired locals from landfills and mixed with sand, heated at very high temperatures, and compressed (压缩) into bricks that vary in color and thickness. The resulting product is stronger, lighter, and about 30 percent cheaper than traditional concrete (混凝土的) bricks. Most importantly, it helps repurpose the lowest quality of plastic. Matee is recognized as one of the Young Champions of the Earth 2020—the United Nations’ highest environmental honor. Her dream is to reduce rubbish by increasing production and expanding her offerings, which is far from done. She says, “The more plastic we recycle, the more affordable housing we produce...the more employment we create for the youth.” 12.Which word best describes the Kenyan government’s measures against plastic? A.Temporary.　　　　 B.Effective. C.Fruitless.　　　　 D.Unreliable. 13.What do we know about Matee? A.She turns knowledge into actual products. B.Her company is funded by the government. C.She produces brick⁃making machinery by herself. D.Her bricks are made from recyclable plastic wastes. 14.What’s the greatest strength of Matee’s resulting product? A.Its low costs. B.Its wide range of use. C.Its economic benefit. D.Its environmental value. 15.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A.Matee’s achievement. B.Matee’s greater ambition. C.Multiple challenges Matee faces. D.Innovative solutions to plastic wastes. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 　　Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. 　16　 Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.  People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking.”　17　 Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.  Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People's attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker's message. So, don't stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it's a truly serious one. 　18　  Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.　19　 And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.  　20　 It's rare to hear someone say,“I wish that speaker had spoken longer.” On the other hand, you probably can't count the times that you've thought,“I'm glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!” So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It's better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.  A.Do the opposite. B.You want to be an effective public speaker. C.You don't need to apologize for a minor slip. D.When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more. E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience. F.Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners. G.However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be. 第二部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 　Last Sunday, waitress King was on her routine work. She took the order of an elderly lady who was sitting　21　.  “It was on Sunday, which is always pretty 　22　,” King told Newsweek. “About halfway through her meal, it started to slow down so we chatted for a few minutes. Just small　23　, nothing too deep. She told me she was almost 70 and just wanted to stop by an old 　24　 restaurant for a bite.”  As the lady had　25　eating her meal King noticed that she seemed quiet and in deep 　26　. The waitress's first idea was that there might have been something wrong with the 　27　. King went over to check with the lady. But the lady said, 　28　, “The food is good. 　29　 is wrong. Thanks for your kindness.” A few minutes later,the lady 　30　.  But the 　31　 which the lady left behind with the $3 tip on her $10 check brought King to tears.  “Thank you very much for your kind 　32　,” it read. “This is the 　33　 time I've eaten out alone since my husband passed away. I was hoping I could 　34　 it.”  King 　35　 a picture of the note on Twitter, which received a ton of feedback, including “I want to give whoever wrote this note a hug.”  21.A.casually　　 B.happily　　 C.around　　 D.alone 22.A.quiet　　 B.busy　　 C.sunny　　 D.hard 23.A.rest　　 B.table　　 C.talk　　 D.dish 24.A.favorite　　 B.expensive　　 C.strange　　 D.normal 25.A.finished　　 B.started　　 C.considered D.appreciated 26.A.trouble　　 B.thought　　 C.sleep　　 D.shock 27.A.bill　　 B.cook　　 C.food　　 D.air 28.A.trembling　　 B.sighing　　 C.nodding　　 D.smiling 29.A.Nothing　　 B.Everything　　 C.Something　 D.Anything 30.A.bargained　 B.continued　　 C.left　　 D.remained 31.A.note　　 B.gift　　 C.phone　　 D.message 32.A.donation　　 B.service　　 C.reminder　　 D.comfort 33.A.real　　 B.last　　 C.other　　 D.first 34.A.jump at　　 B.get through　　 C.turn down　　 D.put off 35.A.switched　　 B.took　　 C.posted　　 D.delivered 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 　　A visually⁃challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step 36.　　　　　　(journey) the Belt and Road route(路线) by foot.  On the 1,100⁃kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 37.　　　　　　 lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 38.　　　　　　(hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute(致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 39.　　　　　　 friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.  Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 40.　　　　　　(protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 41.　　　　　　(meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40⁃day journey.  In the last five years, Cao 42.　　　　　　(walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's 43.　　　　　　(high) mountain.  Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4,700 kilometers 44.　　　　　　 Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, 45.　　　　　　(plan) to hike back to Xi'an in five months.  第一节(满分15分) 　　　假定你是李华,你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加,内容包括: 1.时间; 2.活动安排; 3.欢迎他表演节目。 注意: 1.词数100左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 答案　 Dear Allen, Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges. Mrs. Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor. She knew they had problems, and they needed all kinds of help. When she had time, she would bring food and medicine to them. One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work, and their little boy. The little boy—his name was Bernard—had interested her very much. “I wish you could see him,” she said to her own children, John, Harry, and Clara.“He is such a help to his mother. He wants very much to earn some money, but I don't see what he can do.” After their mother left the room, the children sat thinking about Bernard. “I wish we could help him to earn money,” said Clara.“His family is suffering so much.” “So do I,” said Harry.“We really should do something to assist them.” For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he sprang to his feet and cried,“I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish (完成).” The other children also jumped up all attention. When John had an idea, it was sure to be a good one. “I tell you what we can do,” said John.“You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us? Well, we can make popcorn(爆米花), and put it into paper bags, and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it.” 注意:续写词数应为150左右。 When Mrs. Meredith heard of John's idea, she thought it was a good one, too.　　　　 With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business.　　　　　　　　　　 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 People of Achievement【单元卷•测试卷】 全卷满分120分　考试用时100分钟 第一部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature Grading Scale 90-100, A;80-89, B;70-79, C;60-69, D;Below 60, E. Essays (60%) Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course:Essay 1=10%;Essay 2=15%;Essay 3=15%;Essay 4=20%. Group Assignments (30%) Students will work in groups to complete four assignments during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system. Daily Work/In⁃Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%) Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in⁃class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded. Late Work An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.Where is this text probably taken from? A.A textbook.　　　 B.An exam paper.　　　 C.A course plan.　　　D.An academic article. 2.How many parts is a student's final grade made up of? A.Two.　　　B.Three.　　　C.Four.　　　D.Five. 3.What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date? A.You will receive a zero.　　　B.You will lose a letter grade. C.You will be given a test.　　　D.You will have to rewrite it. [语篇解读] 本文是一位老师对文学导论课程学习成绩评分政策的介绍。 1.C　推理判断题。由文章题目Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature(文学导论评分政策)和文章中小标题Grading Scale(评分等级)及下面小标题说明的每项学习内容所占的成绩比例可知,本文选自一项课程计划。 2.B　细节理解题。由文中所列的成绩构成比例Essays(60%)(论文占60%)、Group Assignments (30%)(小组作业占30%)、Daily Work/In⁃Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)(日常学习/课上写作与测试/小组学习/课外作业占10%)可知,学生的最终成绩由三部分组成。 3.A　细节理解题。由Late Work部分第二句If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. (如果截止日期后第四天还没有上交,将得零分)可知,晚交一周会得零分。 B 　By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page turner. “I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.” Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group's official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage. “A lot of skills are needed for the job.You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot,”Mr Titterton explained. Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner. But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said. “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.” Most page turners are piano students or up⁃and⁃coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage. “My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He's interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say:‘Turn, turn!’”“Robert is the best page turner I've had in my entire life.” 4.What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner? A.Read music. 　　　　　B.Play the piano.　　　　　C.Sing songs. 　　　　　D.Fix the instruments. 5.Which of the following best describes Titterton's job on stage? A.Boring. 　　　　　B.Well⁃paid.　　　　　C.Demanding. 　　　　　D.Dangerous. 6.What does Titterton need to practise? A.Counting the pages. 　　　　　B.Recognizing the “nodding”. C.Catching falling objects. 　　　　　D.Performing in his own style. 7.Why is Ms Raspopova's husband “the worst page turner”? A.He has very poor eyesight. 　　　　　B.He ignores the audience. C.He has no interest in music. 　　　　　D.He forgets to do his job. [语篇解读] 在音乐家演奏时为他们翻乐谱的人虽然在舞台上不引人注意,但需要很多技巧和大量的训练。 4.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中“but I've learnt to read music”(但是我已经学会了识谱)可知一个翻乐谱的人应该学会识谱,故答案为A项。 5.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中“A lot of skills are needed for the job.”以及下文中的关键信息“have to”和“make sure”可综合推断Titterton在舞台上的工作要求很高,故选C项(demanding)。 6.B　推理判断题。根据“...and each pianist has their own style of ‘nodding’ to indicate a page turn”(每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来示意翻页)可推断Titterton需要识别钢琴家发出的“点头”信号,才能准确地翻页,故答案为B项。 7.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中(他对音乐很感兴趣,能感受到每一个音符,我不得不提醒他:“翻页,翻页!”)可推断他由于专注于音乐,忘了翻页,故答案为D项。 C The Tanzanian writer Abdulrazak Gurnah, whose experience of crossing continents and cultures plays a vital role in his novels about the impact of migration(移居) on individuals and societies, won the 2021 Nobel Prize in Literature. Born in 1948 on the island of Zanzibar, Abdulrazak Gurnah never considered the possibility that he might one day be a writer. “It never occurred to me,”he said in an interview. “It wasn’t something you could say as you were growing up.”He assumed he would become “someone like an engineer”. In 1964, a violent uprising(暴动) forced Gurnah to flee to England. Unhappy, poor and homesick, he began to write down thoughts in his diary and then stories about other people. Those writings as well as the habit of writing gave rise to his first novel, then nine more. In almost all of his works, Gurah has tried to uncover the way in which colonialism(殖民政策) has changed everything in the world, and people who are living through it are still processing that experience and some of its wounds. “The thing that motivated the whole experience of writing for me was this idea of losing my place in the world,” he said. Anders Olsson, chairman of the Nobel Committee for Literature, called him one of the world􀆳s most extraordinary post⁃colonial writers. He said it was crucial that Gurnah’s roots are in Zanzibar, a place that had people from different countries, and was influenced by their cultures long before globalization. It is of great significance for Africa⁃born Gurnah to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, which has been occupied by European and North American writers since it was founded in 1901. 8.What do we learn about Abdulrazak Gurnah from Paragraph 2? A.He aimed to be a writer while young. B.His habit of writing contributed to his career. C.He fled away to England for his political reasons. D.His earlier stories were mainly about homesickness. 9.What does the underlined word “motivated” mean in Paragraph 3? A.Inspired.　　　　B.Persuaded.　　　　C.Combined.　　　　D. Forecast. 10.What is the reason for Gurnah􀆳s winning the Nobel Prize? A.He is a Tanzanian writer. B.He suffers too much all his life. C.His rich experience and cultural background count. D.His novels involve colonialism and poor life of people. 11.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.A Worldwide Novelist Rooted in Tanzania B.The Dream of Becoming a Post⁃colonial Writer C.Abdulrazak Gurnah Won the Nobel Prize in Literature D.The Influence of Migration on Individuals and Societies ◎语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Abdulrazak Gurnah成为作家的经历和获诺贝尔文学奖的原因。 8.B　推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的倒数第一、二句可知,他开始在日记中写下自己的想法,然后写下别人的故事。这些写作以及写作的习惯促成了他的第一部小说,随后又有了九部。由此可推知,是他的写作习惯促成了他的事业。故选B。 9.A　词义猜测题。失去他在这个世界上的位置的想法是他写作的动力。画线词表示“激励”,与inspired为同义表达。故选A。 10.D　推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知,Abdulrazak Gurnah获得了2021年诺贝尔文学奖,其中他的跨大陆和跨文化的经历在他的小说中发挥了至关重要的作用。此外,在倒数第二段中,诺贝尔文学奖委员会主席Anders Olsson称Abdulrazak Gurnah是世界上最杰出的后殖民时代作家之一。他说,至关重要的是Gurnah的根在桑给巴尔岛,那里有来自不同国家的人,在全球化之前很久就受到了不同国家文化的影响。可知,Gurnah之所以能获得诺贝尔文学奖,主要是因为他有丰富的跨大陆和跨文化经历,受殖民主义的影响,见到了很多不同文化的人,受到了不同文化的影响,所以写的书也反映了这些东西。由此可推知,他之所以能获诺贝尔文学奖,是因为写的小说涉及了殖民主义和不同人的贫困生活。故选D。 11.C　主旨大意题。第一段就提到了Abdulrazak Gurnah获得诺贝尔文学奖的事,下文也主要介绍了他成为作家的经历,倒数第二段诺贝尔文学奖委员会主席又对他进行了评价。由此可知C项适合做文章标题。 D Kenya has been at the forefront of the global war on plastic since 2017, when officials outlawed plastic bags. In 2020, the government raised the demand with a ban on single⁃use plastic. Unfortunately, tons of industrial and consumer plastic wastes continue to get poured into landfills daily. However, if 29⁃year⁃old Nzambi Matee has her way, the unsightly plastic garbage mountain will soon be transformed into colorful bricks. The material engineer’s search for an effective solution to controlling plastic pollution began in 2017, when she set up a small lab in her backyard. It took her nine months to produce the first brick and even longer to convince a partner to help build the machinery to make bricks. She says, “I wanted to use my education in applied physics and material engineering to do something about plastic waste pollution. But I knew the solution had to be practical, sustainable and affordable. The best way to do this was by channeling the waste into the construction space and finding the most efficient and affordable material to build homes.” Her company, Gjenge Makers, now hires 112 people and produces over 1,500 bricks a day, which are made using a mix of plastic products that can’t be reprocessed or recycled. The collected plastic is obtained directly from factories or picked by hired locals from landfills and mixed with sand, heated at very high temperatures, and compressed (压缩) into bricks that vary in color and thickness. The resulting product is stronger, lighter, and about 30 percent cheaper than traditional concrete (混凝土的) bricks. Most importantly, it helps repurpose the lowest quality of plastic. Matee is recognized as one of the Young Champions of the Earth 2020—the United Nations’ highest environmental honor. Her dream is to reduce rubbish by increasing production and expanding her offerings, which is far from done. She says, “The more plastic we recycle, the more affordable housing we produce...the more employment we create for the youth.” 12.Which word best describes the Kenyan government’s measures against plastic? A.Temporary.　　　　 B.Effective. C.Fruitless.　　　　 D.Unreliable. 13.What do we know about Matee? A.She turns knowledge into actual products. B.Her company is funded by the government. C.She produces brick⁃making machinery by herself. D.Her bricks are made from recyclable plastic wastes. 14.What’s the greatest strength of Matee’s resulting product? A.Its low costs. B.Its wide range of use. C.Its economic benefit. D.Its environmental value. 15.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A.Matee’s achievement. B.Matee’s greater ambition. C.Multiple challenges Matee faces. D.Innovative solutions to plastic wastes. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了材料工程师Nzambi Matee创造性地将难以回收处理的塑料垃圾转化成建筑用砖的情况。 12.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Kenya has been...single⁃use plastic. Unfortunately, tons of...plastic wastes continue to get poured into landfills daily.”可知,肯尼亚政府虽然采取了一系列措施来应对塑料垃圾,但每天仍然有大量的塑料垃圾进入垃圾场。由此可知,肯尼亚政府应对塑料垃圾的措施是没有成效的。故选C。 13.A　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知Matee成立了实验室,将塑料垃圾转化成了建筑用砖;根据第三段中的“I wanted to use my education in applied physics and material engineering to do something about plastic waste pollution.”可知,Matee这样做是想把学到的知识运用到实际生活中,从而减少塑料污染。由此可知Matee把知识转化成了实际产品。故选A。 14.D　细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The resulting product...the lowest quality of plastic.”可知,Matee研制的砖非常环保,这是其最大的优点。故选D。 15.B　主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段中的“Her dream is to reduce rubbish by increasing production and expanding her offerings, which is far from done.”和“The more plastic we recycle...for the youth.”可知,她的目标远不止于此,她希望能做更多来更大程度地减少塑料垃圾,由此可知本段在讲述Matee的更大的目标。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 　　Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. 　16　 Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.  People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking.”　17　 Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.  Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People's attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker's message. So, don't stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it's a truly serious one. 　18　  Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.　19　 And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.  　20　 It's rare to hear someone say,“I wish that speaker had spoken longer.” On the other hand, you probably can't count the times that you've thought,“I'm glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!” So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It's better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.  A.Do the opposite. B.You want to be an effective public speaker. C.You don't need to apologize for a minor slip. D.When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more. E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience. F.Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners. G.However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be. [语篇解读] 本文为说明文,介绍了要想成为优秀演讲者必须掌握的原则。 16.G　细节句。设空处前一句Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking中,Some individuals对应G项中the majority of people,born with a gift对应G项中train to be。结合下文讲到训练的四个原则,可知G项(然而,大多数的人都是因为他们受过训练而成为给人深刻印象的演讲者的)为最佳答案。 17.A　过渡句。由本段第二句(通常,当你站起来演讲时,你关注的是“公众”而不是“演讲”)以及第四句(要专注于演讲)可知设空处前后句是两种截然不同的做法。故选A项(做相反的事)。 18.C　细节句。由本段第一句(即使是最成功的演说家也会犯错误)和第四、五句(事实上,大多数人只大约吸收了演讲者信息的20%。所以,当你犯错误时,不要停止演讲,除非是非常严重的错误)可知C项(你没有必要为你的小疏漏道歉)符合逻辑。a minor slip对应第五句中的a truly serious one。 19.B　细节句。本段第一句Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker中的a perfect public speaker对应B项中的an effective public speaker。设空处后一句And like everything else in life, that takes practice中的that也指代B选项的内容。因此B项(你想成为一个给人深刻印象的公众演说家)是最佳选项。 20.D　主旨句。根据本段内容尤其是最后两句Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It's better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end可知,D项When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more(说到公开演讲,通常少些更好)概括了本段的核心内容。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 　Last Sunday, waitress King was on her routine work. She took the order of an elderly lady who was sitting　21　.  “It was on Sunday, which is always pretty 　22　,” King told Newsweek. “About halfway through her meal, it started to slow down so we chatted for a few minutes. Just small　23　, nothing too deep. She told me she was almost 70 and just wanted to stop by an old 　24　 restaurant for a bite.”  As the lady had　25　eating her meal King noticed that she seemed quiet and in deep 　26　. The waitress's first idea was that there might have been something wrong with the 　27　. King went over to check with the lady. But the lady said, 　28　, “The food is good. 　29　 is wrong. Thanks for your kindness.” A few minutes later,the lady 　30　.  But the 　31　 which the lady left behind with the $3 tip on her $10 check brought King to tears.  “Thank you very much for your kind 　32　,” it read. “This is the 　33　 time I've eaten out alone since my husband passed away. I was hoping I could 　34　 it.”  King 　35　 a picture of the note on Twitter, which received a ton of feedback, including “I want to give whoever wrote this note a hug.”  21.A.casually　　 B.happily　　 C.around　　 D.alone 22.A.quiet　　 B.busy　　 C.sunny　　 D.hard 23.A.rest　　 B.table　　 C.talk　　 D.dish 24.A.favorite　　 B.expensive　　 C.strange　　 D.normal 25.A.finished　　 B.started　　 C.considered D.appreciated 26.A.trouble　　 B.thought　　 C.sleep　　 D.shock 27.A.bill　　 B.cook　　 C.food　　 D.air 28.A.trembling　　 B.sighing　　 C.nodding　　 D.smiling 29.A.Nothing　　 B.Everything　　 C.Something　 D.Anything 30.A.bargained　 B.continued　　 C.left　　 D.remained 31.A.note　　 B.gift　　 C.phone　　 D.message 32.A.donation　　 B.service　　 C.reminder　　 D.comfort 33.A.real　　 B.last　　 C.other　　 D.first 34.A.jump at　　 B.get through　　 C.turn down　　 D.put off 35.A.switched　　 B.took　　 C.posted　　 D.delivered [语篇解读] 语篇类型:记叙文。主题语境:人与社会。 主旨:服务员King遇到一位独自用餐的年长女士,并和她聊了几句。餐后这位女士留下了小费和一张纸条,感谢King的服务。 21.D　句意:她为一位独自坐着的年长女士点单。根据第五段的“I've eaten out alone”可知,这位女士是一个人来吃饭,所以此处为独自坐着。 22.B　根据语境和常识可知此处表示“那是在周日,总是很忙”。根据下文提到的“About halfway through her meal, it started to slow down so we chatted for a few minutes.”可知,不太忙了时,她们闲聊了一会儿。由此可知,开始的时候很忙。 23.C　根据前文的chatted以及后文的“She told me”可知,她们进行了闲谈。small talk闲谈。 24.A　此处表示“她只是想顺便到一家以前来过的最喜欢的餐馆吃点东西”。根据下文可知,丈夫去世后她一直没有单独出来吃过饭,她希望从痛苦中走出来,所以选择的餐馆应该是她喜欢的。 25.A　句意:当这位女士吃完饭时,King注意到她似乎很安静,陷入了沉思。根据下文她留下餐费及小费可知,此时她吃完了饭。 26.B　根据quiet可知,她陷入沉思(in deep thought)。 27.C　根据后文的“The food is good.”可知,看到女士的表现,服务员的第一反应是食物可能有问题。 28.D　根据下文说话内容中的“The food is good.”以及“Thanks for your kindness.”可知,女士说话时是微笑的。 29.A　根据前文的“The food is good.”可知,女士想表达的是“没有问题”。 30.C　根据后文说的女士留下餐费、小费可知,女士离开了。 31.A　根据后文的“it read”以及“King 　　　a picture of the note on Twitter”可知,女士留了一张纸条。  32.B　纸条是写给服务员King的。女士觉得King很体贴,所以她感谢King的服务。 33.D　根据后文“since my husband passed away”可知,这是她在丈夫去世后第一次独自外出吃饭。 34.B　此处表示“我本来以为我能挺过去”。丈夫去世了,女士本来以为自己能挺过去,但独自一人吃饭时仍十分难过。get through意为“熬过(困难或不快的时期)”。 35.C　句意:King在Twitter上发布了这张纸条的照片,收到了大量的反馈,包括“我想给写这张纸条的人一个拥抱。” 在Twitter上发帖子用post。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 　　A visually⁃challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step 36.　　　　　　(journey) the Belt and Road route(路线) by foot.  On the 1,100⁃kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 37.　　　　　　 lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 38.　　　　　　(hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute(致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 39.　　　　　　 friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.  Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 40.　　　　　　(protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 41.　　　　　　(meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40⁃day journey.  In the last five years, Cao 42.　　　　　　(walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's 43.　　　　　　(high) mountain.  Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4,700 kilometers 44.　　　　　　 Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, 45.　　　　　　(plan) to hike back to Xi'an in five months.  [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。文章讲述的是一位盲人在朋友的陪伴下徒步40天从北京走到了西安并沿途做环保的经历。 36.to journey　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处journey是动词,意为“沿……旅行”,由于本句已出现谓语hiked,此处应用不定式作定语,修饰a first step。 37.who　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为人,关系词在从句中作主语,故用who。 38.held　考查动词的非谓语形式。hold与前面的the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation构成逻辑上的被动关系,因此用过去分词held作后置定语。 39.A　考查冠词。空后有单数可数名词friend,设空处表示“一个”,故用不定冠词a;设空处在句首,要大写。 40.protection　考查词性转换。environmental 为形容词,修饰名词,故填protect的名词形式。environmental protection意为“环境保护”。 41.meaningful　考查词性转换。even more可修饰形容词或者副词,结合空前的make the hiking trip可知设空处作宾语补足语,故用形容词。 42.has walked　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由前面的时间状语In the last five years可知,此处要用现在完成时,主语为第三人称单数,故填has walked。 43.highest　考查形容词最高级。由语境和常识可知,此处用highest表示“非洲最高的山”。 44.from　考查介词。此处表示从出发地到目的地,应用“from...to...”结构。 45.planning　考查动词的非谓语形式。本句已有谓语flew, 此空作伴随状语,plan与He第三部分　写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 　　　假定你是李华,你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加,内容包括: 1.时间; 2.活动安排; 3.欢迎他表演节目。 注意: 1.词数100左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 答案　 Dear Allen, Yours, Li Hua Dear Allen, Long time no see! I am glad to invite you to a music festival, which will take place in our schoolyard. It is well⁃known that more attention has been paid to the inquiry of traditional culture in high schools lately. Accordingly, a music festival will be scheduled, which will motivate more adolescents to gain all⁃around development. Furthermore, it is suggested that the participants be seated in the playground at 8 a.m. next Saturday, when the opening ceremony will be conducted. What a thrilling opportunity! Is it a good idea for you to register to show your talent? Waiting for your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 精彩语句 1.精美词汇　take place 举行　inquiry n.探究 show one's talent 展示某人的才艺 2.出彩结构　①I am glad to invite you to a music festival, which will take place in our schoolyard. (be glad to do sth.; which引导非限制性定语从句) ②Accordingly, a music festival will be scheduled,which will motivate more adolescents to gain all⁃around development. (which引导非限制性定语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges. Mrs. Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor. She knew they had problems, and they needed all kinds of help. When she had time, she would bring food and medicine to them. One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work, and their little boy. The little boy—his name was Bernard—had interested her very much. “I wish you could see him,” she said to her own children, John, Harry, and Clara.“He is such a help to his mother. He wants very much to earn some money, but I don't see what he can do.” After their mother left the room, the children sat thinking about Bernard. “I wish we could help him to earn money,” said Clara.“His family is suffering so much.” “So do I,” said Harry.“We really should do something to assist them.” For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he sprang to his feet and cried,“I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish (完成).” The other children also jumped up all attention. When John had an idea, it was sure to be a good one. “I tell you what we can do,” said John.“You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us? Well, we can make popcorn(爆米花), and put it into paper bags, and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it.” 注意:续写词数应为150左右。 When Mrs. Meredith heard of John's idea, she thought it was a good one, too.　　　　 With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business.　　　　　　　　　　 答案　 When Mrs. Meredith heard of John's idea, she thought it was a good one, too. John quickly assigned tasks to Clara and Harry. They went to the local grocery and bought a popcorn machine and some paper bags while John prepared some ingredients like sugar, honey and oil. Soon, they made a large amount of popcorn and put it in paper bags. They rushed to Bernard's home and told him their idea. His face lit up when he heard the news, and his family was very grateful. With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. “What if we can't sell it?” said Bernard anxiously. “No worries. We will give it a shot,” replied John in confidence. They took the popcorn around the house, and fortunately, people were willing to buy it. For a while, the popcorn was sold out. Bernard earned lots of money. Mrs. Meredith and her children then taught him how to make popcorn. Bernard did not forget the help from the Meredith family, and he passed the kindness to those in need. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$