Unit 1 People of Achievement【速记清单】-2024-2025学年高二英语单元速记•巧练（人教版2019选择性必修第一册）

Unit 1 People of Achievement 话题 People of Achievement 词汇 1．commit 2．academy 3．evaluate 4．analyse5．scientific6．conclusion 7．novelist 8．politician 短语 1．commit oneself to do2．insist on3．come to power4．take up a position5．sum up 句型 1．In the beginning，Tu Youyou went to Hainan，where malaria was more common，to study malaria patients. 2．Later，the medicine was tested on malaria patients，most of whom recovered. 3．Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize，she said，“The honour is not just mine.” 4．It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. 5．He had a thick moustache and long white hair，which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. 语法 非限制性定语从句 写作 介绍一位自己钦佩的人物 考点1 | vital adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的;维持生命所必需的 Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria...青蒿素已经成为疟疾治疗的一个极其重要的部分……  用法归纳 ①be vital 　 　    (doing) sth. 对(做)某事极其重要 ②It is vital (for...)　 　  sth.(对……来说)做某事极其重要。 ③It is vital that...……极其重要。(that从句的谓语用“　should+动词原形 ”的形式,其中should可以省略) ④play a vital part/role 　　 　　    ...在……方面起着极其重要的作用 ⑤be of vital importance 至关重要 【经典练】 1.Tourism 　 　　 　 the city’s economy.旅游业对这个城市的经济至关重要。 2.Languages　 　　 　 in ensuring cultural diversity and strengthening cooperation.语言在确保文化多样性和加强合作方面起着至关重要的作用。 3.She believes that it 　 　　 　teenagers to have a positive attitude, and sports help them do this.她认为青少年拥有积极的态度是至关重要的,而运动有助于他们做到这一点。 4.Besides, it’s 　 　that you (should) mind your table manners in China when you attend a dinner party.此外,在中国,当你参加宴会时,注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。 考点2 |  committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的 Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930...屠呦呦,一位尽职尽责、有耐心的科学家,于1930年12月30日出生在中国宁波…… 用法归纳 be committed 　 　  (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事 词汇拓展 ①　 　vt.承诺;保证;做出(错的或非法的事);花(钱或时间) vi.忠于(某个人、机构等);全心全意投入(工作、活动等) commit sb./oneself to sth./to doing sth./to do sth.承诺/保证做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等 commit a crime/a mistake犯罪/犯错 commit to...忠于……;全心全意投入…… ②　 　　 　n.承诺;保证;奉献,献身;投入,花费,使用 commitment to...对……的承诺/献身 make a commitment to...对……做出承诺 make a commitment to doing sth./to do sth.承诺做某事 【经典练】 1.A talented scientist well known for his commitment to his country, Huang Danian, 　 　himself to his research in geophysics.黄大年是一位以献身祖国而闻名的天才科学家,他致力于地球物理学的研究。 2.In addition to her research, she has been whole-heartedly 　 　to environmental protection.除了自己的研究,她还全身心地投入环保事业。 3.The parents were very delighted to hear that their daughter would be 　 　to studying the report.听到他们的女儿将致力于研究这项报告,这对父母非常高兴。 考点3 | objective n.目标;目的 adj.客观的 In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria...1967年,中国政府组建了一支以发现治疗疟疾的新方法为目标的科学家队伍……  用法归纳 ①achieve /meet/accomplish/attain one’s objective实现某人的目标 ②　 　an objective设定目标 ③an objective analysis/assessment/report客观的分析/评价/报告  词汇拓展 ①　 　　 　adj.主观的(objective的反义词) ②　 　　 　adv.客观地 ③　 　　 　n.物体;目标;对象 v.反对;不赞成 object to sb./sth.反对/不赞成某人/某事 object to (sb.) doing...反对(某人)做…… •Some people object to animal experiments. 一些人反对动物实验。 •My parents object to me going to college out of our province.我父母反对我到外省去上大学。 ④　 　 　　n.反对;异议 have/make an objection to (doing)...对(做)……表示反对 【经典练】 1.　 　　 　, I must attach great importance to training my body and mind.为了实现我的目标,我必须十分重视锻炼我的身心。  2.As a father, not only does he care about my life, but he also inspires me to set an 　 　　 　and work hard for it.作为一个父亲,他不仅关心我的生活,而且激励我设定一个目标并为之努力。 考点4 | acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢 However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.然而,屠呦呦不会承认失败。 用法归纳 ①acknowledge 　 　sth./that... 承认做某事/承认…… ②acknowledge...　 　 ... 认为……是……(常用被动形式) ③　 　 (widely/universally) acknowledged that...人们(普遍)认为…… 词汇拓展 acknowledgement n.承认;感谢 in acknowledgement of为感谢…… 【经典练】 1.They refused to 　 　　 　being defeated and hoped for a second chance to compete.他们拒绝承认被打败,希望再有一次机会竞争。 2.It is widely/universally 　 　　 　that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.人们普遍认为应该从综合素质的角度来评估学生。 3.The waters surrounding Antarctica were 　 　　 　as/to be a new ocean by the National Geographic Society.南极洲周围的海域被美国国家地理学会承认为一个新的大洋。 考点5 |  insist vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求;坚持说 Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物,以确保它是安全的。 用法归纳 ①insist on/upon (sb./sb’s)(doing) sth. 坚决要求(某人)(做)某事 ②insist 　 　(doing) sth.坚持(做)某事;执意继续(做)某事 ③insist后接that引导的宾语从句时,如果意为“　 　　 　 ”,则从句用陈述语气,该用什么时态就用什么时态;如果意为“　 　　 　”,则从句需用虚拟语气,从句谓语用“　 　　 　 ”的形式,其中should可以省略。 词汇拓展 　 　　 　n.坚决要求;坚持 【经典练】 1.They simply 　 　　 　 mutual(相互的)recognition and regard.他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。 2.The twins insisted on 　 　　 　French toast and chicken porridge for their mother as a Mother’s Day surprise.这对双胞胎坚持要为母亲做法式吐司和鸡肉粥作为母亲节的惊喜。 3.He insisted that he 　 　　 　the money.他坚称他没有偷那笔钱。 4.He insisted that they　 　　 　enough space for children. 他坚决要求他们应该为孩子们留有足够的空间。 考点6 | conclusion n.结论;推论;结束;结尾 Did you come to any conclusions?你得出什么结论了吗? 用法归纳 ①　 　　 　a conclusion (that...) 得出(……的)结论 ②　 　conclusion最后 ③jump to conclusions草率地下结论 ④bring...to a conclusion 结束(讲话等) 词汇拓展 　 　　 　v.断定;推断出;得出结论;(使)结束 conclude (from...) that... (从……中)得出……结论 conclude...(from...)(从……中)推断出…… conclude (sth.) with sth./by doing sth.以某事/以做某事结束(某事) It is/was concluded that...人们得出结论…… to conclude=in conclusion最后 【经典练】 1.He 　 　　 　his speech with an old saying: “Friendship is a tree with good faith as roots and goodwill as branches.”他以一句老话结束了他的演讲:“友谊是树,忠实为根,亲善为枝。” 2.　 　　 　, laws to ban TV advertisements for unhealthy products are beneficial to society.总而言之,禁止不健康产品电视广告的法律对社会是有益的。 情景导学 3.　 　　 　, I would like to gratefully acknowledge financial support from the local businesses.最后,我要衷心感谢当地企业的财务资助。 4.I 　 　　 　 from my own experience that “Where there is a will, there is a way.”我从我自己的经历中得出结论:“有志者,事竟成。” 考点7 | circumstance n.(常用复数)条件;环境;状况 Her circumstances are beyond our control.我们无法控制她的状况。 用法归纳 ①　 　　 　　 　决不,无论如何都不(位于句首时句子要用部分倒装) ②　 　　 　 the circumstances在这种情况下;既然这样 ③under/in...circumstances 在……情况下 【经典练】 1.　 　　 　　 　, you’d better make a decision as quickly as possible. 在这种情况下,你最好尽快做出决定。 2.　 　　 　　 　 will primary and secondary school students be allowed to bring mobile phones into classrooms, according to the Ministry of Education. 根据教育部的规定,在任何情况下都不允许中小学生将手机带入课堂。 考点8 | passion n.酷爱;激情 While working there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.在那里工作期间,出于对知识的酷爱,他继续学习,于1905年获得了物理学博士学位。 词汇拓展 ①　 　　 　adj.热情的;狂热的;酷爱的 be passionate about...酷爱…… ②　 　　 　adv.狂热地 【经典练】 1.From their reactions, I feel that children have a great 　 　　 　for winter sports.从他们的反应来看,我觉得孩子们对冬季运动有着极大的热情。 2.We are both 　 　　 　about acting, which comes from us being so interested in people.我们两个都热衷于表演,这源于我们都对人特别感兴趣。 考点9 | consequence n.结果;后果;重要性 As a consequence, he had to flee Germany.结果,他只好逃离德国。 用法归纳 ①as a consequence of =in consequence of=as a result of 因为;由于 ②as a consequence=in consequence=as a result 因此;结果 ③take the consequences 承担后果 词汇拓展 ①表示“因为;由于”的短语还有:because of、due to、owing to、on account of、thanks to等。 ②　 　　 　adj.随之发生的 •The warming of the Earth and the consequent climate change affect us all.地球变暖以及随之而来的气候变化影响着我们所有人。 ③　 　　 　adv.因此;所以 【经典练】 1.　 　　 　, China will make even more technological progress.因此,中国将取得甚至更大的技术进步。 情景导学 2.As a 　 　　 　of food waste, more environmental problems are caused.由于食物浪费,更多的环境问题发生了。 3.Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, in 　 　　 　, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.孩子们会觉得他们不够好,或者你不关心,结果,他们可能会觉得为他们的成就而努力没有意义。 考点10 | sum vi.总结;概括 n.金额;款项;总数;总和 Use your notes to write your introduction and sum up how you feel about this person.利用你的笔记来写你的介绍,并总结关于这个人你的感受如何。  用法归纳 ①sum up 概括;总结;估量,判断 ②to sum up总之,总而言之 ③in sum总之,概括地说 ④the sum of A and B　A与B的和 ⑤the sum of+金钱 ……的金额 ⑥a large sum of money 一大笔钱 词汇拓展 ①　 　　 　v.总结;概括;概述 ②　 　　 　n.总结;概括;概要 adj.总结性的;概括的;从速从简的,草草的 in summary总之,概括起来 【经典练】 1.　 　　 　, 5G will play a crucial part in many aspects.总的来说,5G将在很多方面起着至关重要的作用。 2.　 　　 　, Mr. Smith is a respected man of many noble qualities.总而言之,史密斯先生是一个值得尊敬的、有很多高尚品格的人。　　 3.He and his colleagues get together regularly to 　 　 their work.他和同事们定期聚会总结工作。 考点11 | It strikes sb.+that...某人突然意识到…… It struck him that the other Chinese men in the photo apparently did not care about what was happening to their fellow countrymen.他突然意识到照片中其他的中国人显然并不在乎他们的同胞的遭遇。  结构拓展 ①it hits/occurs to sb. that... 某人突然想到…… •It suddenly hit/occurred to me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.我突然想到传统文化,如茶文化,具有巨大的魅力和极大的价值。  ②sth. strikes/hits/occurs to sb.某人突然想到某事 •He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something struck/hit/occurred to me.他昏迷了,当我看着他的脸的时候,我突然想到了什么。 考点12 | 独立主格结构 He made numerous contributions to the world,the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2.他为世界做出了很多贡献,最著名的是广义相对论和著名公式E=mc2。  用法归纳 ①独立主格结构可由“名词或代词+非谓语动词(现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式)”构成,现在分词表示动词所表示的动作与其逻辑主语为主动关系或动作正在进行,过去分词表示动词所表示的动作与其逻辑主语为被动关系或动作已经完成,动词不定式表示动作将要发生。独立主格结构还可由“名词或代词+介词短语/ 形容词/名词/副词”构成。 ②with的复合结构也可看作独立主格结构的一种。 ③独立主格结构与句子其他部分用逗号隔开,在句中一般作状语,常表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等。 Dad looked at me, tears welling up in his eyes.爸爸看着我,热泪盈眶。  Homework finished, the boy went to bed.家庭作业做完后,这个男孩上床睡觉了。 Here are the first two chapters, the third to come out next year.这是前两章,第三章明年出版。 The little girl entered the room,her face red with cold.小女孩走进房间,脸冻红了。 Dark clouds in the sky,it is going to rain soon.天空乌云密布,很快就要下雨了。 考点13 | as though/if引导从句 He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.他胡须浓密,头发又长又白,有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。 用法归纳 ①as though/if引导状语从句或表语从句时,若表示的情况与客观事实相符,用陈述语气 ;若表示的情况与客观事实不相符或相反,则用虚拟语气。 ②as though/if引导状语从句或表语从句时,若从句表示与现在事实相反的情况,从句用一般过去时 (be动词常用were);若表示与过去事实相反的情况,从句用过去完成时;若表示与将来事实相反的情况,从句谓语用“would/could/might+动词原形”。 The meat tastes as though/if it has already gone bad.这肉尝起来好像已经坏了。 They are shaking with fear, as though/if something is going to happen.他们害怕得发抖,好像要发生什么事。 She looked as though/if she’d had some bad news.她看上去好像有什么坏消息似的。(实际上没有坏消息) He opened his mouth as though/if he would say something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。(实际上没有说) By doing this, we can form a closer relationship with our customers as though/if they were our neighbors or relatives.通过这样做,我们可以与客户建立更密切的关系,就像他们是我们的邻居或亲戚一样。 1． 语法精讲 非限制性定语从句 1、 非限制性定语从句的作用 1.Wang, who is often in dangerous situations, is also a judo(柔道) master.王也是一位柔道大师, 他经常处于危险的境地。  2.Peter, whose mother is in hospital, will take a few days off to look after her.彼得的母亲住院了,他要请几天假来照顾她。 3.Yesterday Jimmy left for Canada, where he would stay for two years.昨天吉米出发去加拿大了,他将在那里待两年。 4.We will put off the meeting until next week, when we won’t be so busy.我们将把会议推迟到下周,那时我们就不这么忙了。 用法归纳 　　非限制性定语从句只是对①　 　　 　的补充、解释或附加说明,即使去掉,主句的意思仍然完整。它与主句之间一般用②　 　　 　分开,常常翻译成与主句并列的句子。 特别提醒 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别:           区别                限制性定语从句                非限制性定语从句 作用不同 说明的是先行词必不可少的情况 对先行词进行补充说明 形式不同 关系词和先行词不用逗号分开 关系词和先行词用逗号分开 先行词不同 只能是名词或代词 可以是名词或代词,也可以是整个主句或主句的一部分 关系词不同 可用that;关系代词作宾语可省略 不用that;关系代词作宾语不可省略 翻译不同 译作定语,翻译为“……的……” 主句与从句分开翻译,从句可译作与主句并列的句子 二、使用非限制性定语从句应注意的问题 1.He is very outgoing, which is known to us all in our company.他非常外向,这是我们公司的人都知道的。 2.I have told him the reason, why(×)/for which(√) I missed the early bus.我没能赶上早班车,我已经告诉了他原因。 3.The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, that(×) /which(√) is 4.about five miles longer than the marathon.夏季奥运会上最长的田径项目是50公里竞走,它比马拉松长约5英里。  用法归纳 1.非限制性定语从句不能用关系代词③that引导。 2.非限制性定语从句不能用关系副词why引导,要用④for which代替why。 3.非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是整个主句的内容,这时从句谓语动词要用⑤单数形式。 三、as、which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别 1.As you can see, he did it much better than I.如你所见,他做得比我好得多。 2.Light, as we know, travels faster than sound.正如我们所知,光的传播速度比声音的传播速度快。 3.He invited me to dinner, which made me very happy.他请我吃饭,这使我很高兴。 4.I may have to work late, in which case I’ll telephone.我可能得工作到很晚,那样的话我会打电话的。 5.He graduated from a local high school, after which he went to Peking University.他毕业于当地的一所高中,之后他去了北京大学。 用法归纳 1.在引导非限制性定语从句时,as常译为“⑥正如”;which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰整个主句时,which常译为“这,那”。 2.as引导的非限制性定语从句可位于主句⑦之前、之中或之后,而which引导的非限制性定语从句不能位于主句之前。 3.which在定语从句中可以作定语或介词的⑧宾语 ,而as不能。 特别提醒 as引导非限制性定语从句时,常用于下列一些固定结构中: as is expected(不出所料),as is mentioned above(正如上面所提到的),as we all know/as is known to all(众所周知),as is reported(正如所报道的),as is often the case(这是常有的事),as has been said before(如上所述)等。 四、“代词/数词+of+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句 1.He has three sons, two of whom are doctors.他有三个儿子,其中两个是医生。 2.Here are the questions, some of which I think are difficult for you.问题都在这儿,我认为其中一些对你来说太难了。 用法归纳 一些数词或代词如all、some、one、both、neither、none、any、either等可与of 一起修饰关系代词,常用来引导非限制性定语从句,关系代词指人时用⑨whom ,指物时用⑩ which,不可以用that。 【经典练】 1.　　　 　  is expected, he won the game. We were all happy for him. 2.He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of　　　 　     were published in the 1990s. 3.We attended the meeting in the school lecture hall last night,　　 　     seats more than 300 students. 4.A nurse,　　　 　 had worked in the front line for a week, could only give an air hug to her visiting daughter from a safe distance. 5.His interest started a few years ago,　　　 　   he was in college and was studying wildlife science. 6.I climbed to the top of the hill with my friend,　　　 　     we had a good view of the lake. 7.The scientists designed experiments,　　　 　   goal was to prove whether plants could learn, an idea that seemed impossible. 二．写作精讲 介绍一位自己钦佩的人物 写作题目 　　假定你是李华,你校组织了一次主题为“用英语讲好中国故事”的英语写作比赛,你对出生于普通农民家庭的诺贝尔文学奖获得者莫言非常钦佩,请根据下列内容写一篇文章。 莫言的 人生经历 本名管谟业,1955年出生于山东省,小学五年级辍学后从事务农工作,一直酷爱阅读中国经典作品 莫言的 作品 《红高粱》《蛙》等;2011年凭借小说《蛙》获得茅盾文学奖,2012年获得诺贝尔文学奖 你的感悟 …… 　　注意: 1.词数 80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:《红高粱》Red Sorghum;《蛙》Frog;茅盾文学奖Mao Dun Literature Award 思路点拨 主题 介绍莫言的人生经历,抒发自己的切身感受 体裁 记叙文 布局 第一段:简要介绍莫言的人生经历 第二段:简要介绍莫言的伟大成就 第三段:表达个人感想 时态 以一般过去时为主,一般现在时为辅 人称 第三人称 遣词造句 Ⅰ.用本单元所学单词或短语填空 1.　　　　v.全心全意投入;忠于;承诺;保证   2.　　　　 adj.不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的   3.　　　　 adv.逐渐地  4.　　　　　　　　使某人自己致力于  5.　　　　　　　　出于对……的爱好   Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法运用 1.完成句子 第一段:简要介绍莫言的人生经历 (1)莫言的本名是管谟业,他于1955年出生在山东省一个普通农民家庭。 Mo Yan's real name is Guan Moye. He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　an ordinary peasant family of Shandong Province in 1955.  (2)他曾经作为一个年轻的农民劳作,在那期间,出于对文学的强烈爱好,他致力于阅读各种中国经典作品,并逐渐练习写小说。 He once worked as a young peasant, and during that period, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　literature, he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　reading a variety of Chinese classics and gradually practiced writing stories.  第二段:简要介绍莫言的伟大成就 (3)2011年,莫言凭借小说《蛙》获得茅盾文学奖,2012年他获得了诺贝尔文学奖。 Frog won him the Mao Dun Literature Award in 2011 and he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in 2012.  第三段:表达个人感想 (4)使莫言如此非凡的不仅是他的著作,还有他对自己所钟爱的事情的投入。 　　　　 　　　　　Mo Yan 　　　　　　　　　is not only his famous works but also his 　　　　to what he loves.  2.句式升级 (5)用whose引导非限制性定语从句改写句(1) Mo Yan, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Guan Moye, was born into an ordinary peasant family of Shandong Province in 1955.  (6)用“while+现在分词”结构改写句(2) 　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, out of a strong passion for literature, he committed himself to reading a variety of Chinese classics and gradually practiced writing stories.  连句成篇 写作积累 一、人物描写常用的词汇 1.be honored as 被誉为…… 2.have a talent for 对……有天赋 3.be interested in/show interest in 对……感兴趣 4.be satisfied/content with 对……满意 5.be absorbed in 全神贯注于 二、人物描写常用的句式 1.Not only does he do well in science, but he is also good at arts.他不仅理科学得很好,而且也很擅长文科。 2.He was one of the scientists who made great contributions to society. 他是对社会做出巨大贡献的科学家之一。 3.She had been burying herself in medical study, which enabled her to win the Nobel Prize. 她一直埋头于医学研究,这使得她获得诺贝尔奖。 【经典练】 你校将举办英语演讲比赛,请你以“The Person I Admire Most”为题写一篇发言稿参赛,内容包括: 1.人物简介;2.你敬佩的原因;3.你的评价或对你的影响。 注意:1.词数应为80左右;2.开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。 The Person I Admire Most Dear fellow students, There are many respectable people around us. And the person I admire most is That's all. Thank you! 词汇 释义 用法&拓展 crucial adj.至关重要的;关键性的 用法同vital, academic adj.学业的;学术的 an academic year一个学年　an academic  degree/qualification学位/学历 academy n.(某一领域的)研究院; 学会;专科院校  academically adv.学术上地 distinct adj.清晰的;明显的;清楚的;有区别的 a distinct advantage一个明显的优势  (be) distinct from与……有区别 distinctly adv.明显地;确切地 distinction n.区别;差别;对比;优秀;特质 boil vt.& vi.(使)沸腾;煮开;烧开n.沸 腾;沸点 易混辨析:boiled water指的是煮开过的水(可指凉开水),而boiling water指的是正在沸腾的水 obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得;赢得vi.(规 章、习俗等)存在;流行(生义) obtain advice/information/permission得到忠告/信息/许可 The custom still obtains in some  districts.这种风俗在某些地区仍然流行。 defeat n.失败;挫败vt.击败;战胜;难倒 admit/accept defeat承认失败 a narrow/heavy defeat惜败/惨败 defeat an enemy/the champion打败敌人/击败冠军 analyse vt.分析 analyse/analyze the data 分析数据 analysis(pl. analyses) n.分析 apparently adv.显而易见;看来;显然 apparent adj.明显的;显而易见的 be apparent to sb.对某人来讲是明显的 It’s apparent/clear/obvious/evident (to sb.) that... (对某人来说) 很明显…… apparently adv.显而易见;看来;显然 apparent adj.明显的;显而易见的 be apparent to sb.对某人来讲是明显的 It’s apparent/clear/obvious/evident (to sb.) that... (对某人来说) 很明显…… novel n.(长篇)小说adj.新颖的;与众不 同的(生义) write/publish/read a novel创作/发表/阅读长篇小说 a novel feature新特征 novelist n.小说家 found vt.创建;建立;把……建立在 found a club/company创办俱乐部/公司 be founded on/upon...建立在……的基础上=(be based on...) 注意:found还是find(发现)的过去式和过去分词;found表示 “创建”时,其过去式及过去分词为founded—founded。 founder n.创建者;创始人     foundation n.成立;创建 infer vt.推断;推定;暗示 infer... (from...) (从……中)推断出…… 注意:infer的过去式及过去分词为inferred—inferred。 inference n.推断的结果;结论 gradually adv.逐渐地;逐步地 The weather gradually improved. 天气逐渐好转。 gradual adj.逐渐的 come to power (开始)掌权;上台(表动作) (be) in power执政(表状态) take/seize/lose power掌握/夺取/失掉政权 within/in one’s power在某人的能力/权力范围之内 beyond one’s power在某人的能力/权力范围之外 remarkable adj.非凡的;显著的 be remarkable for...因……而引人注目 remark vt.& vi.谈论;评论 n.言论;谈论;评论 remark on/upon...对……做出评论 remarkably adv.不同寻常地;惊人地 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 People of Achievement 话题 People of Achievement 词汇 1．commit 2．academy 3．evaluate 4．analyse5．scientific6．conclusion 7．novelist 8．politician 短语 1．commit oneself to do2．insist on3．come to power4．take up a position5．sum up 句型 1．In the beginning，Tu Youyou went to Hainan，where malaria was more common，to study malaria patients. 2．Later，the medicine was tested on malaria patients，most of whom recovered. 3．Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize，she said，“The honour is not just mine.” 4．It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. 5．He had a thick moustache and long white hair，which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. 语法 非限制性定语从句 写作 介绍一位自己钦佩的人物 考点1 | vital adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的;维持生命所必需的 Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria...青蒿素已经成为疟疾治疗的一个极其重要的部分……  用法归纳 ①be vital 　for　    (doing) sth. 对(做)某事极其重要 ②It is vital (for...)to do  sth.(对……来说)做某事极其重要。 ③It is vital that...……极其重要。(that从句的谓语用“　should+动词原形 ”的形式,其中should可以省略) ④play a vital part/role 　in　    ...在……方面起着极其重要的作用 ⑤be of vital importance 至关重要 【经典练】 1.Tourism is vital for/to the city’s economy.旅游业对这个城市的经济至关重要。 2.Languages play a vital role in ensuring cultural diversity and strengthening cooperation.语言在确保文化多样性和加强合作方面起着至关重要的作用。 3.She believes that it is vital for teenagers to have a positive attitude, and sports help them do this.她认为青少年拥有积极的态度是至关重要的,而运动有助于他们做到这一点。 4.Besides, it’s vital that you (should) mind your table manners in China when you attend a dinner party.此外,在中国,当你参加宴会时,注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。 考点2 |  committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的 Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930...屠呦呦,一位尽职尽责、有耐心的科学家,于1930年12月30日出生在中国宁波…… 用法归纳 be committed to  (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事 词汇拓展 ①commit vt.承诺;保证;做出(错的或非法的事);花(钱或时间) vi.忠于(某个人、机构等);全心全意投入(工作、活动等) commit sb./oneself to sth./to doing sth./to do sth.承诺/保证做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等 commit a crime/a mistake犯罪/犯错 commit to...忠于……;全心全意投入…… ②commitment n.承诺;保证;奉献,献身;投入,花费,使用 commitment to...对……的承诺/献身 make a commitment to...对……做出承诺 make a commitment to doing sth./to do sth.承诺做某事 【经典练】 1.A talented scientist well known for his commitment to his country, Huang Danian, committed himself to his research in geophysics.黄大年是一位以献身祖国而闻名的天才科学家,他致力于地球物理学的研究。 2.In addition to her research, she has been whole-heartedly committed to environmental protection.除了自己的研究,她还全身心地投入环保事业。 3.The parents were very delighted to hear that their daughter would be committed to studying the report.听到他们的女儿将致力于研究这项报告,这对父母非常高兴。 考点3 | objective n.目标;目的 adj.客观的 In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria...1967年,中国政府组建了一支以发现治疗疟疾的新方法为目标的科学家队伍……  用法归纳 ①achieve /meet/accomplish/attain one’s objective实现某人的目标 ②set an objective设定目标 ③an objective analysis/assessment/report客观的分析/评价/报告  词汇拓展 ①subjective adj.主观的(objective的反义词) ②objectively adv.客观地 ③object n.物体;目标;对象 v.反对;不赞成 object to sb./sth.反对/不赞成某人/某事 object to (sb.) doing...反对(某人)做…… •Some people object to animal experiments. 一些人反对动物实验。 •My parents object to me going to college out of our province.我父母反对我到外省去上大学。 ④objection n.反对;异议 have/make an objection to (doing)...对(做)……表示反对 【经典练】 1.To achieve my objective, I must attach great importance to training my body and mind.为了实现我的目标,我必须十分重视锻炼我的身心。  2.As a father, not only does he care about my life, but he also inspires me to set an objective and work hard for it.作为一个父亲,他不仅关心我的生活,而且激励我设定一个目标并为之努力。 考点4 | acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢 However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.然而,屠呦呦不会承认失败。 用法归纳 ①acknowledge doing sth./that... 承认做某事/承认…… ②acknowledge...as/to be ... 认为……是……(常用被动形式) ③It is (widely/universally) acknowledged that...人们(普遍)认为…… 词汇拓展 acknowledgement n.承认;感谢 in acknowledgement of为感谢…… 【经典练】 1.They refused to acknowledge being defeated and hoped for a second chance to compete.他们拒绝承认被打败,希望再有一次机会竞争。 2.It is widely/universally acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.人们普遍认为应该从综合素质的角度来评估学生。 3.The waters surrounding Antarctica were acknowledged as/to be a new ocean by the National Geographic Society.南极洲周围的海域被美国国家地理学会承认为一个新的大洋。 考点5 |  insist vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求;坚持说 Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物,以确保它是安全的。 用法归纳 ①insist on/upon (sb./sb’s)(doing) sth. 坚决要求(某人)(做)某事 ②insist on (doing) sth.坚持(做)某事;执意继续(做)某事 ③insist后接that引导的宾语从句时,如果意为“坚持认为 ”,则从句用陈述语气,该用什么时态就用什么时态;如果意为“坚持要求 ,坚持主张”,则从句需用虚拟语气,从句谓语用“should+动词原形 ”的形式,其中should可以省略。 词汇拓展 insistence n.坚决要求;坚持 【经典练】 1.They simply insist on mutual(相互的)recognition and regard.他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。 2.The twins insisted on making French toast and chicken porridge for their mother as a Mother’s Day surprise.这对双胞胎坚持要为母亲做法式吐司和鸡肉粥作为母亲节的惊喜。 3.He insisted that he hadn’t stolen the money.他坚称他没有偷那笔钱。 4.He insisted that they (should) leave enough space for children. 他坚决要求他们应该为孩子们留有足够的空间。 考点6 | conclusion n.结论;推论;结束;结尾 Did you come to any conclusions?你得出什么结论了吗? 用法归纳 ①come to/arrive at/reach/draw the/a conclusion (that...) 得出(……的)结论 ②in conclusion最后 ③jump to conclusions草率地下结论 ④bring...to a conclusion 结束(讲话等) 词汇拓展 conclude v.断定;推断出;得出结论;(使)结束 conclude (from...) that... (从……中)得出……结论 conclude...(from...)(从……中)推断出…… conclude (sth.) with sth./by doing sth.以某事/以做某事结束(某事) It is/was concluded that...人们得出结论…… to conclude=in conclusion最后 【经典练】 1.He concluded his speech with an old saying: “Friendship is a tree with good faith as roots and goodwill as branches.”他以一句老话结束了他的演讲:“友谊是树,忠实为根,亲善为枝。” 2.To conclude, laws to ban TV advertisements for unhealthy products are beneficial to society.总而言之,禁止不健康产品电视广告的法律对社会是有益的。 情景导学 3.In conclusion, I would like to gratefully acknowledge financial support from the local businesses.最后,我要衷心感谢当地企业的财务资助。 4.I draw a conclusion from my own experience that “Where there is a will, there is a way.”我从我自己的经历中得出结论:“有志者,事竟成。” 考点7 | circumstance n.(常用复数)条件;环境;状况 Her circumstances are beyond our control.我们无法控制她的状况。 用法归纳 ①under/in no circumstances决不,无论如何都不(位于句首时句子要用部分倒装) ②under/in the circumstances在这种情况下;既然这样 ③under/in...circumstances 在……情况下 【经典练】 1.Under/In the circumstances, you’d better make a decision as quickly as possible. 在这种情况下,你最好尽快做出决定。 2.Under/In no circumstances will primary and secondary school students be allowed to bring mobile phones into classrooms, according to the Ministry of Education. 根据教育部的规定,在任何情况下都不允许中小学生将手机带入课堂。 考点8 | passion n.酷爱;激情 While working there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.在那里工作期间,出于对知识的酷爱,他继续学习,于1905年获得了物理学博士学位。 词汇拓展 ①passionate adj.热情的;狂热的;酷爱的 be passionate about...酷爱…… ②passionately adv.狂热地 【经典练】 1.From their reactions, I feel that children have a great passion for winter sports.从他们的反应来看,我觉得孩子们对冬季运动有着极大的热情。 2.We are both passionate about acting, which comes from us being so interested in people.我们两个都热衷于表演,这源于我们都对人特别感兴趣。 考点9 | consequence n.结果;后果;重要性 As a consequence, he had to flee Germany.结果,他只好逃离德国。 用法归纳 ①as a consequence of =in consequence of=as a result of 因为;由于 ②as a consequence=in consequence=as a result 因此;结果 ③take the consequences 承担后果 词汇拓展 ①表示“因为;由于”的短语还有:because of、due to、owing to、on account of、thanks to等。 ②consequent adj.随之发生的 •The warming of the Earth and the consequent climate change affect us all.地球变暖以及随之而来的气候变化影响着我们所有人。 ③consequently adv.因此;所以 【经典练】 1.Consequently, China will make even more technological progress.因此,中国将取得甚至更大的技术进步。 情景导学 2.As a consequence of food waste, more environmental problems are caused.由于食物浪费,更多的环境问题发生了。 3.Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, in consequence, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.孩子们会觉得他们不够好,或者你不关心,结果,他们可能会觉得为他们的成就而努力没有意义。 考点10 | sum vi.总结;概括 n.金额;款项;总数;总和 Use your notes to write your introduction and sum up how you feel about this person.利用你的笔记来写你的介绍,并总结关于这个人你的感受如何。  用法归纳 ①sum up 概括;总结;估量,判断 ②to sum up总之,总而言之 ③in sum总之,概括地说 ④the sum of A and B　A与B的和 ⑤the sum of+金钱 ……的金额 ⑥a large sum of money 一大笔钱 词汇拓展 ①summarize v.总结;概括;概述 ②summary n.总结;概括;概要 adj.总结性的;概括的;从速从简的,草草的 in summary总之,概括起来 【经典练】 1. In summary, 5G will play a crucial part in many aspects.总的来说,5G将在很多方面起着至关重要的作用。 情景导学 2.To sum up/In sum, Mr. Smith is a respected man of many noble qualities.总而言之,史密斯先生是一个值得尊敬的、有很多高尚品格的人。　　 3.He and his colleagues get together regularly to sum up their work.他和同事们定期聚会总结工作。 考点11 | It strikes sb.+that...某人突然意识到…… It struck him that the other Chinese men in the photo apparently did not care about what was happening to their fellow countrymen.他突然意识到照片中其他的中国人显然并不在乎他们的同胞的遭遇。  结构拓展 ①it hits/occurs to sb. that... 某人突然想到…… •It suddenly hit/occurred to me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.我突然想到传统文化,如茶文化,具有巨大的魅力和极大的价值。  ②sth. strikes/hits/occurs to sb.某人突然想到某事 •He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something struck/hit/occurred to me.他昏迷了,当我看着他的脸的时候,我突然想到了什么。 考点12 | 独立主格结构 He made numerous contributions to the world,the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2.他为世界做出了很多贡献,最著名的是广义相对论和著名公式E=mc2。  用法归纳 ①独立主格结构可由“名词或代词+非谓语动词(现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式)”构成,现在分词表示动词所表示的动作与其逻辑主语为主动关系或动作正在进行,过去分词表示动词所表示的动作与其逻辑主语为被动关系或动作已经完成,动词不定式表示动作将要发生。独立主格结构还可由“名词或代词+介词短语/ 形容词/名词/副词”构成。 ②with的复合结构也可看作独立主格结构的一种。 ③独立主格结构与句子其他部分用逗号隔开,在句中一般作状语,常表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等。 Dad looked at me, tears welling up in his eyes.爸爸看着我,热泪盈眶。  Homework finished, the boy went to bed.家庭作业做完后,这个男孩上床睡觉了。 Here are the first two chapters, the third to come out next year.这是前两章,第三章明年出版。 The little girl entered the room,her face red with cold.小女孩走进房间,脸冻红了。 Dark clouds in the sky,it is going to rain soon.天空乌云密布,很快就要下雨了。 考点13 | as though/if引导从句 He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.他胡须浓密,头发又长又白,有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。 用法归纳 ①as though/if引导状语从句或表语从句时,若表示的情况与客观事实相符,用陈述语气 ;若表示的情况与客观事实不相符或相反,则用虚拟语气。 ②as though/if引导状语从句或表语从句时,若从句表示与现在事实相反的情况,从句用一般过去时 (be动词常用were);若表示与过去事实相反的情况,从句用过去完成时;若表示与将来事实相反的情况,从句谓语用“would/could/might+动词原形”。 The meat tastes as though/if it has already gone bad.这肉尝起来好像已经坏了。 They are shaking with fear, as though/if something is going to happen.他们害怕得发抖,好像要发生什么事。 She looked as though/if she’d had some bad news.她看上去好像有什么坏消息似的。(实际上没有坏消息) He opened his mouth as though/if he would say something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。(实际上没有说) By doing this, we can form a closer relationship with our customers as though/if they were our neighbors or relatives.通过这样做,我们可以与客户建立更密切的关系,就像他们是我们的邻居或亲戚一样。 1． 语法精讲 非限制性定语从句 1、 非限制性定语从句的作用 1.Wang, who is often in dangerous situations, is also a judo(柔道) master.王也是一位柔道大师, 他经常处于危险的境地。  2.Peter, whose mother is in hospital, will take a few days off to look after her.彼得的母亲住院了,他要请几天假来照顾她。 3.Yesterday Jimmy left for Canada, where he would stay for two years.昨天吉米出发去加拿大了,他将在那里待两年。 4.We will put off the meeting until next week, when we won’t be so busy.我们将把会议推迟到下周,那时我们就不这么忙了。 用法归纳 　　非限制性定语从句只是对①先行词 的补充、解释或附加说明,即使去掉,主句的意思仍然完整。它与主句之间一般用②逗号分开,常常翻译成与主句并列的句子。 特别提醒 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别:           区别                限制性定语从句                非限制性定语从句 作用不同 说明的是先行词必不可少的情况 对先行词进行补充说明 形式不同 关系词和先行词不用逗号分开 关系词和先行词用逗号分开 先行词不同 只能是名词或代词 可以是名词或代词,也可以是整个主句或主句的一部分 关系词不同 可用that;关系代词作宾语可省略 不用that;关系代词作宾语不可省略 翻译不同 译作定语,翻译为“……的……” 主句与从句分开翻译,从句可译作与主句并列的句子 二、使用非限制性定语从句应注意的问题 1.He is very outgoing, which is known to us all in our company.他非常外向,这是我们公司的人都知道的。 2.I have told him the reason, why(×)/for which(√) I missed the early bus.我没能赶上早班车,我已经告诉了他原因。 3.The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, that(×) /which(√) is 4.about five miles longer than the marathon.夏季奥运会上最长的田径项目是50公里竞走,它比马拉松长约5英里。  用法归纳 1.非限制性定语从句不能用关系代词③that引导。 2.非限制性定语从句不能用关系副词why引导,要用④for which代替why。 3.非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是整个主句的内容,这时从句谓语动词要用⑤单数形式。 三、as、which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别 1.As you can see, he did it much better than I.如你所见,他做得比我好得多。 2.Light, as we know, travels faster than sound.正如我们所知,光的传播速度比声音的传播速度快。 3.He invited me to dinner, which made me very happy.他请我吃饭,这使我很高兴。 4.I may have to work late, in which case I’ll telephone.我可能得工作到很晚,那样的话我会打电话的。 5.He graduated from a local high school, after which he went to Peking University.他毕业于当地的一所高中,之后他去了北京大学。 用法归纳 1.在引导非限制性定语从句时,as常译为“⑥正如”;which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰整个主句时,which常译为“这,那”。 2.as引导的非限制性定语从句可位于主句⑦之前、之中或之后,而which引导的非限制性定语从句不能位于主句之前。 3.which在定语从句中可以作定语或介词的⑧宾语 ,而as不能。 特别提醒 as引导非限制性定语从句时,常用于下列一些固定结构中: as is expected(不出所料),as is mentioned above(正如上面所提到的),as we all know/as is known to all(众所周知),as is reported(正如所报道的),as is often the case(这是常有的事),as has been said before(如上所述)等。 四、“代词/数词+of+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句 1.He has three sons, two of whom are doctors.他有三个儿子,其中两个是医生。 2.Here are the questions, some of which I think are difficult for you.问题都在这儿,我认为其中一些对你来说太难了。 用法归纳 一些数词或代词如all、some、one、both、neither、none、any、either等可与of 一起修饰关系代词,常用来引导非限制性定语从句,关系代词指人时用⑨whom ,指物时用⑩ which,不可以用that。 【经典练】 1.　　As     is expected, he won the game. We were all happy for him. 2.He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of　　which      were published in the 1990s. 3.We attended the meeting in the school lecture hall last night,　　which      seats more than 300 students. 4.A nurse,　　who had worked in the front line for a week, could only give an air hug to her visiting daughter from a safe distance. 5.His interest started a few years ago,　　when     he was in college and was studying wildlife science. 6.I climbed to the top of the hill with my friend,　　where      we had a good view of the lake. 7.The scientists designed experiments,　　whose     goal was to prove whether plants could learn, an idea that seemed impossible. 二．写作精讲 介绍一位自己钦佩的人物 写作题目 　　假定你是李华,你校组织了一次主题为“用英语讲好中国故事”的英语写作比赛,你对出生于普通农民家庭的诺贝尔文学奖获得者莫言非常钦佩,请根据下列内容写一篇文章。 莫言的 人生经历 本名管谟业,1955年出生于山东省,小学五年级辍学后从事务农工作,一直酷爱阅读中国经典作品 莫言的 作品 《红高粱》《蛙》等;2011年凭借小说《蛙》获得茅盾文学奖,2012年获得诺贝尔文学奖 你的感悟 …… 　　注意: 1.词数 80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:《红高粱》Red Sorghum;《蛙》Frog;茅盾文学奖Mao Dun Literature Award 思路点拨 主题 介绍莫言的人生经历,抒发自己的切身感受 体裁 记叙文 布局 第一段:简要介绍莫言的人生经历 第二段:简要介绍莫言的伟大成就 第三段:表达个人感想 时态 以一般过去时为主,一般现在时为辅 人称 第三人称 遣词造句 Ⅰ.用本单元所学单词或短语填空 1.　　　　v.全心全意投入;忠于;承诺;保证   2.　　　　 adj.不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的   3.　　　　 adv.逐渐地  4.　　　　　　　　使某人自己致力于  5.　　　　　　　　出于对……的爱好   答案　1.commit　2.extraordinary　3.gradually4.commit oneself to　5.out of a passion for Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法运用 1.完成句子 第一段:简要介绍莫言的人生经历 (1)莫言的本名是管谟业,他于1955年出生在山东省一个普通农民家庭。 Mo Yan's real name is Guan Moye. He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　an ordinary peasant family of Shandong Province in 1955.  (2)他曾经作为一个年轻的农民劳作,在那期间,出于对文学的强烈爱好,他致力于阅读各种中国经典作品,并逐渐练习写小说。 He once worked as a young peasant, and during that period, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　literature, he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　reading a variety of Chinese classics and gradually practiced writing stories.  第二段:简要介绍莫言的伟大成就 (3)2011年,莫言凭借小说《蛙》获得茅盾文学奖,2012年他获得了诺贝尔文学奖。 Frog won him the Mao Dun Literature Award in 2011 and he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in 2012.  第三段:表达个人感想 (4)使莫言如此非凡的不仅是他的著作,还有他对自己所钟爱的事情的投入。 　　　　 　　　　　Mo Yan 　　　　　　　　　is not only his famous works but also his 　　　　to what he loves.  答案　(1)was born into　(2)out of a strong passion for; committed himself to　(3)won the Nobel Prize in Literature　(4)What makes;so extraordinary; commitment 2.句式升级 (5)用whose引导非限制性定语从句改写句(1) Mo Yan, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Guan Moye, was born into an ordinary peasant family of Shandong Province in 1955.  (6)用“while+现在分词”结构改写句(2) 　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, out of a strong passion for literature, he committed himself to reading a variety of Chinese classics and gradually practiced writing stories.  答案　(5)whose real name is (6)While working as a young peasant 连句成篇 参考范文 　　Mo Yan, whose real name is Guan Moye, was born into an ordinary peasant family of Shandong Province in 1955. He dropped out in the fifth grade in primary school. While working as a young peasant, out of a strong passion for literature, he committed himself to reading a variety of Chinese classics and gradually practiced writing stories. Mo Yan created many famous literature works, including Red Sorghum and Frog. Frog won him the Mao Dun Literature Award in 2011 and he won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012. In my opinion,what makes Mo Yan so extraordinary is not only his famous works but also his commitment to what he loves. 写作积累 一、人物描写常用的词汇 1.be honored as 被誉为…… 2.have a talent for 对……有天赋 3.be interested in/show interest in 对……感兴趣 4.be satisfied/content with 对……满意 5.be absorbed in 全神贯注于 二、人物描写常用的句式 1.Not only does he do well in science, but he is also good at arts.他不仅理科学得很好,而且也很擅长文科。 2.He was one of the scientists who made great contributions to society. 他是对社会做出巨大贡献的科学家之一。 3.She had been burying herself in medical study, which enabled her to win the Nobel Prize. 她一直埋头于医学研究,这使得她获得诺贝尔奖。 【经典练】 你校将举办英语演讲比赛,请你以“The Person I Admire Most”为题写一篇发言稿参赛,内容包括: 1.人物简介;2.你敬佩的原因;3.你的评价或对你的影响。 注意:1.词数应为80左右;2.开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。 The Person I Admire Most Dear fellow students, There are many respectable people around us. And the person I admire most is That's all. Thank you! The Person I Admire Most Dear fellow students,  There are many respectable people around us. And the person I admire most is Mrs Wu, aged 30, my English teacher, who has been teaching English for 6 years.  Mrs Wu is kind and thoughtful towards us students just like our dear mother. Once, when one of my classmates got injured unexpectedly, without hesitation, Mrs Wu took him to hospital for medical treatment immediately. What impresses me most is that she always tries new ways to make her classes lively and interesting. Also, she is very patient with us and always helps us find solutions to problems when we turn to her for help. With her help, our English has made rapid progress. In my eyes, Mrs Wu is more than our teacher. She􀆳s also our best friend. That􀆳s why she deserves our respect. That􀆳s all. Thank you!  1.重点词汇　①respectable adj.值得尊敬的;体面的 ②without hesitation毫不犹豫地 ③immediately adv.立即 ④impress v.给……留下深刻的好印象 ⑤deserve v.值得;应得;应受 2.亮点句型 And the person I admire most is Mrs Wu, aged 30, my English teacher, who has been teaching English for 6 years.(I admire most为定语从句,修饰先行词the person;aged 30和my English teacher作Mrs Wu的同位语;who引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Mrs Wu)  词汇 释义 用法&拓展 crucial adj.至关重要的;关键性的 用法同vital, academic adj.学业的;学术的 an academic year一个学年　an academic  degree/qualification学位/学历 academy n.(某一领域的)研究院; 学会;专科院校  academically adv.学术上地 distinct adj.清晰的;明显的;清楚的;有区别的 a distinct advantage一个明显的优势  (be) distinct from与……有区别 distinctly adv.明显地;确切地 distinction n.区别;差别;对比;优秀;特质 boil vt.& vi.(使)沸腾;煮开;烧开n.沸 腾;沸点 易混辨析:boiled water指的是煮开过的水(可指凉开水),而boiling water指的是正在沸腾的水 obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得;赢得vi.(规 章、习俗等)存在;流行(生义) obtain advice/information/permission得到忠告/信息/许可 The custom still obtains in some  districts.这种风俗在某些地区仍然流行。 defeat n.失败;挫败vt.击败;战胜;难倒 admit/accept defeat承认失败 a narrow/heavy defeat惜败/惨败 defeat an enemy/the champion打败敌人/击败冠军 analyse vt.分析 analyse/analyze the data 分析数据 analysis(pl. analyses) n.分析 apparently adv.显而易见;看来;显然 apparent adj.明显的;显而易见的 be apparent to sb.对某人来讲是明显的 It’s apparent/clear/obvious/evident (to sb.) that... (对某人来说) 很明显…… apparently adv.显而易见;看来;显然 apparent adj.明显的;显而易见的 be apparent to sb.对某人来讲是明显的 It’s apparent/clear/obvious/evident (to sb.) that... (对某人来说) 很明显…… novel n.(长篇)小说adj.新颖的;与众不 同的(生义) write/publish/read a novel创作/发表/阅读长篇小说 a novel feature新特征 novelist n.小说家 found vt.创建;建立;把……建立在 found a club/company创办俱乐部/公司 be founded on/upon...建立在……的基础上=(be based on...) 注意:found还是find(发现)的过去式和过去分词;found表示 “创建”时,其过去式及过去分词为founded—founded。 founder n.创建者;创始人     foundation n.成立;创建 infer vt.推断;推定;暗示 infer... (from...) (从……中)推断出…… 注意:infer的过去式及过去分词为inferred—inferred。 inference n.推断的结果;结论 gradually adv.逐渐地;逐步地 The weather gradually improved. 天气逐渐好转。 gradual adj.逐渐的 come to power (开始)掌权;上台(表动作) (be) in power执政(表状态) take/seize/lose power掌握/夺取/失掉政权 within/in one’s power在某人的能力/权力范围之内 beyond one’s power在某人的能力/权力范围之外 remarkable adj.非凡的;显著的 be remarkable for...因……而引人注目 remark vt.& vi.谈论;评论 n.言论;谈论;评论 remark on/upon...对……做出评论 remarkably adv.不同寻常地;惊人地 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$