2024年全国甲卷高中英语真题七选五变式题 (2)

What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 1 But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 2 It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 3 Control emotional (情绪的) eating. 4 Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. 5 A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight. A．Eat properly throughout the day. B．We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger. C．Don't swallow a meal on the way to work. D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E．Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F．For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. G．That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. Finding the Balance Improving the quality of your diet has been shown to be beneficial, at any age. That doesn't necessarily mean you have to avoid all over processed foods. 6 Here are a few ways to move the needle toward a less-processed diet. Read labels. It may sound obvious, but you might be surprised at the wide variety of ingredients（成分） and nutrients you'll find in similar-sounding items. The general classification of food is helpful in a broad sense, but when you get down to specific food choices, it may not be clear where the line between simply-processed and over-processed lies. 7 Play a mind game. Highly-processed foods are often engineered to attract you and make you want to eat more and more. 8 But becoming conscious of the fact that your taste buds（味蕾） are being controlled can be a powerful tool in encouraging you to make healthier choices. Reminding yourself that a bag of chips is unlikely to satisfy may make you decide to choose for something else instead. Switch your drink. 9 And if plain water seems too boring, try adding a few 100 percent fruit juice, ice cubes, fresh lemon, or mixture of fruits to make them a little more exciting. Be portion aware. De-processing your diet is not an all-or-nothing challenge. 10 For example, if you're attached to your favorite box of cookies, count out a smaller serving of them and round it out with a less-processed food like a slice of cheese or some fruits. A．You can choose to downsize your portion. B．Highly-processed diet contains more calories. C．If your choice is a sweetened drink, make a change. D．Less-processed foods may simply be less appealing. E．And even within the over-processed foods, there's difference. F．In some people, the desire for them can be taken to extreme. G．Rather, minimize your intake and increase the amount of unprocessed foods. Inner beauty is very important, but external beauty also plays a part in the image we present to the world. One of the problems that damage our image is weight gain. According to a research, most of our weight is gained over the holiday season. It’s a time when family and friends gather to enjoy each other’s company. 11 No wonder maintaining a healthy weight can present even more challenges. Does that mean we are bound to see a bigger number when we stand on the scale (秤) in January? 12 Study shows you can keep to your meal routines, choose low-fat foods when it is possible and walk off the weight. Here are a few more tips to help you keep your weight in check without sacrificing your holiday traditions. If you are the host, you will be struggling with tasting while cooking. In this case, try to chew sugar-free gum while preparing the meal, or have a small snack before you start cooking. For the meal, serve more raw vegetables and yogurt-based dips to start the event. 13 It’s a good idea to mark all the holiday events you’ll be attending on your calendar so that you’ll remember to plan ahead. If the meal is not at your home, eat lighter on the day of the event. 14 If the event is in the evening, have a healthy breakfast and satisfying lunch, with a light snack before the event to avoid overeating later. 15 For example, take a walk or meet up to see holiday lights, or attend a holiday concert or show. Catch up with a friend over a film instead of meeting for a coffee. Just explore things that you all enjoy doing. Making an effort with your weight helps you keep a healthy life and boost your confidence. Although preventing weight gain over the holidays can be a challenge, it is possible. So next time, try the above. A．Serve plenty of fresh fruit to finish. B．How much exercise can burn off this energy? C．And certainly, tasting delicious food is a must. D．Or can we keep the holiday weight gain at bay? E．Start new traditions that are not centered on food. F．Here are some tips that ensure you look good inside out. G．It can help balance the possible extra calories at the party. How to Grow Taller As we all know, your height is mostly determined by your genetics. Once your growth plates (生长板) are joined together, you will stop growing taller, which usually happens between 14 and 20. 16 Of course, there are many ways you can find on the Internet to help, such as, good nutrition, a healthy lifestyle and exercise. But today, we’re just going to focus on nutrition. Add more protein into your diet. Protein helps your body build healthy body mass, like muscles. 17 Not only eat protein at every meal, but also include it in your snacks. For instance, you might eat yogurt at breakfast, tuna fish for lunch, chicken at dinner, and string cheese as a snack. Eat an egg every day if you’re not allergic to them. Kindergarten teachers have observed something typical and interesting. Young children who eat a whole egg daily may grow taller than kids who don’t. And this has been proved clinically. Eggs contain protein and vitamins that support healthy growth and they’re also quite affordable. Eat an egg for one meal every day to potentially help you get taller. But here is a tip for you. 18 Take calcium and vitamin supplements. 19 However, your daily meals can’t supply enough for your growth. Supplements may help you grow taller by meeting your nutritional needs. Calcium and vitamins A and D are especially important because they support strong bones. Talk to your doctor to find out if supplements are right for you. Keep in mind that vitamins won’t make you grow taller than your genetics allow. 20 Dairy contains protein, calcium, and vitamins to nourish your body. While milk is a great choice, yogurt and cheese are also great sources of dairy. Include 1 serving of your favorite dairy product into your daily diet. A．Keep a balanced diet. B．This can help you be your tallest. C．Consume a serving of dairy each day. D．Please ask your doctor if it’s safe for you to do so. E．Minerals and nutrients play a key role in growing higher. F．Luckily, taking good care of your body may still help you grow taller. G．You might increase your height by about 1.3 to 5.1 cm by stretching out your spine daily. How to Stop Binge Eating (饮食无度) When it comes to trying to lose weight, stopping binge eating can be very difficult. Maybe you believe that to lose weight, one must go on a diet. Usually, you eat in a certain way until you reach your weight goals. 21 Here are some ways to overcome this. 22 Eating healthily doesn’t mean you have to give up food. You can even eat the “bad” foods but you have to consume them in moderation (适中). The good news is that once you start to eat healthily and start cutting sugar out of your diet, you will start losing the craving for sweets. 23 Get support. Sometimes it's hard to stop if you are doing this all alone. So what you can do is to ask some friends or family members to help remind you. 24 So ask people around you to remind you of your fitness goals when they catch you binging eating. Limit your access to food. 25 Throw out all of the bad food and replace them with the good stuff. By doing this, you will hopefully be able to stop over eating due to the fact that it will be too much of a problem to actually go to the store and buy junk food. These tips are just a few things you can do. The important thing to remember is that you need to have the right mindset going into this thing. A．Try to eat healthily. B．Don’t hurt yourself. C．This will only cause you to eat even more. D．This sort of thinking will cause you to fail. E．In other words, it gets easy as time goes by. F．It’s hard to eat a lot when you don’t have food to eat. G．Usually, we eat more than we want to just out of habit. Eating healthily can help you lose weight and have more energy. It can also improve your mood (心情) and reduce your risk of disease. Yet despite these benefits, maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle can be challenging. Here are ways to stick to a healthy diet. Practice mindful eating. 26 Take time to enjoy your food and appreciate its ability to nourish (滋养) you. Adopting a mindful eating approach can help you achieve a better relationship with foods and may reduce binge eating. Start the day with a high-protein breakfast. Eating a high-protein breakfast helps you stay full. 27 If your first meal is well balanced and contains enough protein, you’re more likely to maintain stable blood sugar levels and not overeat for the rest of the day. Get your nutrition from a variety of completely unprocessed foods. These include fruits and vegetables. 28 In other words, when buying foods at the market, focus on things that have not been cooked, prepared or changed in any way. 29 It’s difficult to eat healthily if you’re surrounded by junk foods. Having foods on display in various areas of the house has been linked to obesity (肥胖) and increased consumption of unhealthy foods. Keeping unhealthy foods out of the house, or at least out of sight, can increase your chances of staying on track. Drink enough water. Many studies have shown that drinking enough water may benefit weight maintenance and even slightly increase the number of calories you burn daily. 30 A．Eat your greens first. B．Keep unhealthy foods out of the house. C．It can also prevent overeating later in the day. D．Eating mindfully can help you maintain a healthy lifestyle. E．This may lead you to eat fewer and healthier calories overall. F．They also include meat, fish and eggs that haven’t been processed. G．Studies also show that drinking water before meals can reduce appetite and calorie intake. Kids and Food: Advice for Parents It is important for parents to know how to help their kids eat healthily. Here are a few easy ways: Parents control the supply lines. 31 Though kids may keep asking for less nutritious foods, parents should decide which foods are regularly provided in the house. Kids won’t go hungry. They’ll eat what’s available in the fridge at home. Say goodbye to the “clean-plate club”. 32 Lots of parents grew up under the clean-plate rule, but that way doesn’t help kids listen to their own bodies when they are full. When kids feel full, they are less likely to overeat. 33 Food preferences are developed early in life. Likes and dislikes begin forming even when kids are babies. So parents need to serve new food on different occasions for a child to accept it, which should be started when he is young. Food is not love. Find better ways to say “I love you.” When foods are used to reward kids and show love, they may start to turn to food when feeling worried or unhappy. 34 Kids do as you do. 35 When trying to teach good eating habits, try to set the best example. Choose nutritious foods, eat at the table, and don’t forget breakfasts. A．Rewrite the kids’ menu. B．Start them young. C．You decide which foods to buy and when to serve them. D．Let kids choose what to eat and how much they want. E．Be a role model and eat healthily yourself. F．Let kids stop eating when they feel they’ve had enough. G．Offer praise and attention instead of food treats. How to Teach Kids about Healthy Eating It can be a challenge to get your kids to make wiser choices in the food they eat, when junk food and fast food are so popular and readily available.Here are some tips. 36 If kids become used to healthy, nutritious snacks and drinks when they are babies, they will be more likely to make wise choices about what they eat as they get older. Encourage your kids to help you plan healthy family meals. Sit with them and ask them to write down or tell you some ideas of nutritious meals everybody can enjoy together. 37 Let your kids accompany you grocery shopping. 38 Ask them to check food labels to make sure they have nutritional value. Giving kids this kind of responsibility will make them more aware of how important it is to make smart dietary choices. Find ways to make healthy versions of food kids like. To find ideas for healthy food, visit your local library and check out the book Deceptively Delicious: Simple Secrets to Get Your Kids Eating Good Food by Jessica Seinfeld. 39 Teach by example. 40 You can’t expect your children to eat healthy food if you don’t. When they see you making wise food choices and staying away from food high in fat, they will want to follow suit, especially when they see that healthy eating helps you control your weight, avoid illness and have more energy. A．Prepare more of your own meals. B．Kids tend to copy what they see their parents do. C．This will help form healthy new habits and tastes. D．Have them pick out fruits,vegetables,and healthy snacks. E．This book has a number of clever,nutritious recipes kids like. F．Begin teaching your kids good eating habits when they are very young. G．Helping you decide on meals that affect the whole family will make them feel more involved. More and more research is showing that the key to lifelong good health is what experts call “lifestyle medicine”—making simple changes in diet, exercise, and stress management. To help you turn that knowledge into results, we’ve put together this manageable list of health and wellness tips to keep healthy. Give yourself a break “I spend countless hours doing cardio(健心运动)and never seem to lose that last ten pounds!” is a common complaint I hear from clients. Give yourself permission to shorten your workouts. 41 . Your body can plateau(处于停滞状态)If not given adequate rest to restore itself, ultimately leading to a decline in performance. Breaking down your routine into various training modes can help prevent overtraining. 42 . Think small 43 . If you have a can of soda at lunchtime every day, have a glass of water two days a week instead. Starting with small, painless changes helps establish the mentality that healthy changes are not necessarily painful changes. It’s easy to build from here by adding more healthy substitutions. 44 You can do all the right things—but if you have personal relationships with people who have unhealthy habits, it is often a hard battle. 45 . Get your family or friends involved with you when you walk or plan healthier meals. Making healthy changes with a loved one can bring you closer together and motivate you. A．Keep good company. B．Get rid of unhealthy habits. C．Doing so gives your workouts a new purpose. D．Believe it or not, overtraining could be the problem. E．You can also help balance your program by simply incorporating more variety. F．The healthiest people are those who have relationships with other healthy people. G．Try to focus first on one small unhealthy habit and turn it into a healthy, positive habit. Food is part of who we are. We all need it, survive because of it and derive happiness from it. So if food matters so much, why do we let so much of it go rotten in our fridges, or get thrown out in our stores? Sadly, we love food, but we don’t take care of it. 46 Here are ways to help us love our food better and grow respect for the world behind what we eat. • Reduce your food waste. Buy only the food you need, store food wisely, donate excess and turn leftover food into the next day’s meals. When we waste food, all the resources used for growing, processing, transporting and marketing that food are wasted too. 47 • Support your local food producers. Chefs get awards, stars and recognition for their creations. But what about our farmers? 48 Shop at your local markets and get to know your farmers. Giving them your business is giving them your recognition and respect. • Adopt a healthier, more sustainable diet. 49 We get energy and maintain health from good food. We normally don’t care the power that food and nutrition have over our bodies. Too much of it, or too much of only one kind of it, can lead to obesity, deficiencies or diet-related diseases. • 50 By treating each meal with pride, we respect the farmers who produced it, and the resources that went into it. Respect can be passed on. Talk to the people around and to the next generation about making informed, healthy and sustainable food choices. Respecting food means appreciating the back-story of food. When we know the full picture, it is easier to see what our food really stands for and how precious it really is. A．Have a conversation. B．Learn where food comes from. C．Our bodies consume calories and nutrients. D．For many people on the planet, food is giving. E．Food is so much more than what is on our plates. F．One third of all food produced globally is lost or wasted. G．Without them, we wouldn’t have the fresh food we need on a daily basis. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．F 2．C 3．E 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了，在饮食上注意节制及其如何节制的方法。 1．上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs, You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. (基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物，你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. (但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物)”指出，适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说，节制意味着比现在吃的少。”解释了何为适量进食。承上启下，符合文意，选项中的“means”与下文一致。故选F项。 2．根据上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. (慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要)”可推知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C项“不要在上班的路上急忙吃下一顿饭。”承接上文。符合文意。故选C项。 3．上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. (如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，E项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故选E项。 4．根据本段首句“Control emotional (情绪的) eating. (控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊)”可推知，本段主要建议读者不要情绪化的进行暴饮暴食，要进行健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”指出有些人吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。故选B项。 5．设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day, Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. (健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜进食。尽量早点吃晚饭，禁食14 — 16个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。A项“全天合理饮食。”符合语境。故选A项。 【点睛】 6．G 7．E 8．F 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了改善饮食质量对健康的重要性，并提出了一些方法来逐渐过渡到不过度加工的饮食。其中包括仔细阅读标签、意识到高度加工食品对个体的控制、改变饮品选择以及控制食物摄入量等。 6．根据前文“That doesn't necessarily mean you have to avoid all over processed foods (这并不一定意味着你必须避免所有过度加工的食品)”可知，对于过度加工食物，并不意味着你必须避免所有的，故设空处应该对过度加工的食物如何应对提出解决方法。G选项“Rather, minimize your intake and increase the amount of unprocessed foods.(相反，减少你的摄入量，增加未加工食品的数量。)”与前文构成转折，指出对于过度加工的食物要减少摄入，对未加工的食物增加摄入，因此G选项符合语境。故选G。 7．根据前文“ The general classification of food is helpful in a broad sense, but when you get down to specific food choices, it may not be clear where the line between simply-processed and over-processed lies. (从广义上讲，食物的一般分类是有帮助的，但当你深入到具体的食物选择时，可能不清楚简单加工和过度加工之间的界限在哪里。)”可知，此处强调人们不能分清楚简单加工和过度加工之间的界限；E选项“And even within the over-processed foods, there's difference.(即使在过度加工的食品中，也有区别。)”承接前文，构成递进关系，指出即使是在过度加工食品中也是有区别的，这都是人们不清楚的。故选E。 8．根据前文“Highly-processed foods are often engineered to attract you and make you want to eat more and more.(高度加工的食品通常会吸引你，让你想吃得越来越多。)”可知，高度加工的食品通常会吸引你，让你想吃得越来越多。F选项“In some people, the desire for them can be taken to extreme.(对某些人来说，对它们的渴望可以达到极端。)”承接前文，指出很多人对于高度加工食物吃的越来越多，以至于对这些食物的渴望达到了极端。该选项中的them指代前文的Highly-processed foods，该选项符合语境。故选F。 9．根据本段段旨“Switch your drink .( 换一种饮料)”可知，本段强调的是饮料让你朝着少加工饮食的方向发展产生的影响。C选项“If your choice is a sweetened drink, make a change.(如果你的选择是加糖饮料，那就改变一下。)”指出，如果你的选择是加糖饮料，那就改变一下，与本段段旨构成呼应。故选C。 10．根据后文“For example, if you're attached to your favorite box of cookies, count out a smaller serving of them and round it out with a less-processed food like a slice of cheese or some fruits.( 例如，如果你喜欢吃你最喜欢的一盒饼干，那就少吃一点，再吃一些加工较少的食物，比如一片奶酪或一些水果。)”可知，此处通过举例说明——注意份量这个方法所起到的作用。A选项“You can choose to downsize your portion.(你可以选择减少你的份量。)”承接段旨，同时概括后文的例子即减少自己所食用过度加工食物的份量，符合语境。故选A。 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．G 15．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些避免节假日因摄入太多食物而体重增加的方法。 11．上文“It’s a time when family and friends gather to enjoy each other’s company.”（这是家人和朋友聚在一起享受彼此陪伴的时刻。）说明节假日是享受家人朋友陪伴的时刻，结合下文“No wonder maintaining a healthy weight can present even more challenges.”（难怪保持健康的体重会面临更多的挑战。）暗示了节假日不仅有亲朋好友的陪伴，还摄入了大量的食物。C项“And certainly, tasting delicious food is a must.”（当然，品尝美味的食物是必须的。）构成下文体重增加的原因，衔接恰当。故选C项。 12．上文“Does that mean we are bound to see a bigger number when we stand on the scale (秤) in January?”（这是否意味着当我们一月份站在体重秤上时，一定会看到一个更大的数字?）对于节假日过后体重是否一定增加提出疑问，结合下文“Study shows you can keep to your meal routines, choose low-fat foods when it is possible and walk off the weight.”（研究表明，你可以保持你的饮食习惯，在可能的情况下选择低脂肪的食物，然后走路减肥。）提出了在保持自己的饮食习惯的前提下可以减肥的办法，D项“Or can we keep the holiday weight gain at bay?”（或者我们能控制假期增重吗？）与上文的问题形成对比，引出下文的解决办法，衔接恰当。故选D项。 13．上文“For the meal, serve more raw vegetables and yogurt-based dips to start the event.”（对于这顿饭，开始先提供更多的生鲜蔬菜和以酸奶为基础的蘸料。）说明了在自己家聚餐时可以先提供蔬菜和酸奶制品，A项“Serve plenty of fresh fruit to finish.”（聚餐结束时供应足够的新鲜水果。）中“to finish”与上文“to start the event”构成照应，衔接恰当。故选A项。 14．上文“If the meal is not at your home, eat lighter on the day of the event.”（如果不是在家里吃饭，在活动当天吃得少一点。）说明若是外出参加活动，活动当天应该减少饮食，G项“It can help balance the possible extra calories at the party.”（它可以帮助平衡聚会上可能额外摄入的卡路里。）说明了上文“eat lighter on the day of the event”的好处就是“help balance the possible extra calories at the party”衔接恰当。故选G项。 15．下文“For example, take a walk or meet up to see holiday lights, or attend a holiday concert or show. Catch up with a friend over a film instead of meeting for a coffee.”（例如，散散步，一起看节日彩灯，或者参加节日音乐会或演出。和朋友一起看电影，而不是一起喝咖啡。）举例说明了一些不涉及饮食的活动，E项“Start new traditions that are not centered on food.”（开始养成一些不以食物为中心的新习惯。）衔接下文恰当。故选E项。 16．F 17．B 18．D 19．E 20．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些有助于长高的饮食建议。 16．根据上文“Once your growth plates (生长板) are joined together, you will stop growing taller, which usually happens between 14 and 20.(一旦你的生长板连接在一起，你就会停止长高，这通常发生在14到20岁之间)”以及后文“Of course, there are many ways you can find on the Internet to help, such as, good nutrition, a healthy lifestyle and exercise. But today, we’re just going to focus on nutrition.(当然，你可以在网上找到很多方法来帮助你，比如，良好的营养，健康的生活方式和锻炼。但是今天，我们只关注营养)”可知，本句与上文为转折，指出虽然会停止长高，但还是有长高的可能性。故F选项“幸运的是，照顾好你的身体仍然可以帮助你长高”符合语境，故选F。 17．根据上文“Protein helps your body build healthy body mass, like muscles.(蛋白质可以帮助你的身体建立健康的体重，比如肌肉)”提到了蛋白质可以帮助你的身体建立健康的体重，比如肌肉，故本句承接上文，说明其对长高的帮助作用。故B选项“这可以帮助你长到最高”符合语境，故选B。 18．根据标题“Eat an egg every day if you’re not allergic to them.(如果你对鸡蛋不过敏，每天吃一个鸡蛋)”以及上文“Eggs contain protein and vitamins that support healthy growth and they’re also quite affordable. Eat an egg for one meal every day to potentially help you get taller. But here is a tip for you.(鸡蛋含有蛋白质和维生素，有助于健康生长，而且价格也很实惠。每天一餐吃一个鸡蛋可能有助于你长高。但这里有个小提示)”可知，标题提到如果你对鸡蛋不过敏，每天吃一个鸡蛋，故本句承接上文说明提示的具体内容，故D选项“请询问你的医生这样做是否安全”符合语境，故选D。 19．根据后文“Calcium and vitamins A and D are especially important because they support strong bones.(钙和维生素A和D尤其重要，因为它们能强健骨骼)”提到了补充维生素，可知这类物质可以帮助长高。故E选项“矿物质和营养物质在长得更高的过程中起着关键作用”符合语境，故选E。 20．根据本段内容“Dairy contains protein, calcium, and vitamins to nourish your body. While milk is a great choice, yogurt and cheese are also great sources of dairy. Include 1 serving of your favorite dairy product into your daily diet.(乳制品含有蛋白质、钙和维生素，可以滋养你的身体。牛奶是不错的选择，酸奶和奶酪也是很好的乳制品来源。在你的日常饮食中加入一份你最喜欢的乳制品)”可知，本段的建议是食用乳制品，C选项dairy对应后文Dairy。故C选项“每天食用一份乳制品”符合语境，故选C。 21．D 22．B 23．E 24．G 25．F 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章中作者针对如何停止暴饮暴食提出了自己的看法，并给出了建议。 21．根据空前“Maybe you believe that to lose weight, one must go on a diet. Usually, you eat in a certain way until you reach your weight goals (也许你认为要减肥，就必须节食。通常，你会以某种方式进食，直到达到体重目标。)”可知，或许你认为要减肥就必须要节食，直到达到你的减肥目标。这里的“Maybe you believe that...”对应D选项（这种想法会让你失败。）中的“This thought of thinking”，作者认为节食不是减肥的方法，用这个方法减肥会失败。后文中的代词“this”指代的是“减肥失败的问题”。故选D。 22．本文共给出三个建议，用的是祈使句的形式。空格处是本段的主题句。根据空后第一句“Eating healthily doesn’t mean you have to give up food. (健康饮食并不意味着你必须放弃食物。)”可知，本段作者要给出的建议是健康饮食，不是绝食。所以B项“Don’t hurt yourself. (不要伤害自己。)”正确。故选B。 23．答题时考生需要考虑到本段主旨，然后考虑与上句的承接关系。根据上句“The good news is that once you start to eat healthily and start cutting sugar out of your diet, you will start losing the craving for sweets. (好消息是，一旦你开始健康饮食，开始减少饮食中的糖，你就会开始失去对糖果的渴望。)”，综合全段考虑，健康饮食，不是不吃甜品，而是适当控制摄入量；有了健康饮食的意识，不过度摄入糖，习惯成自然，这是一个长期的过程。E项 “In other words, it gets easy as time goes by. (换句话说，随着时间的推移，它变得越来越容易。)”是对上一句的解释，符合题意。故选E。 24．根据后文“So ask people around you to remind you of your fitness goals when they catch you binging eating.( 所以，当你周围的人发现你在大吃大喝时，让他们提醒你你的健身目标。)”可知，空处与后文存在因果关系，所以G项“Usually, we eat more than we want to just out of habit. (通常，出于习惯，我们吃得比想要的多。)”可以是下一句原因，很多时候，我们不自觉地暴饮暴食，这就是我们需要别人来提醒的原因。故选G。 25．空处紧跟在小标题“Limit your access to food. (限制你获取食物。)”后，参考其他段落结构分析，F项“It’s hard to eat a lot when you don’t have food to eat. (当你没有食物吃的时候，很难吃很多。)”是对小标题的解释，身边没有可以吃的，自然就不会暴饮暴食了。空后的句子是对小标题的解释和具体做法。故选F。 26．D 27．C 28．F 29．B 30．G 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了保持健康的五种饮食习惯。 26．根据该段小标题“Practice mindful eating.(练习有意识的饮食。)”以及该空后的“Adopting a mindful eating approach can help you achieve a better relationship with foods and may reduce binge eating.(采用一种有意识的饮食方法可以帮助你与食物建立更好的关系，并可能减少暴饮暴食)”可知，本段主要强调了通过饮食保持健康的生活方式。D项中的Eating mindfully与小标题中的mindful eating构成原词复现关系，D项中的help you maintain a healthy lifestyle呼应下文中的help you achieve a better relationship with foods and may reduce binge eating。故D项内容“注意饮食可以帮助你保持健康的生活方式”符合此处语境。故选D。 27．根据上文“Eating a high-protein breakfast helps you stay full.(吃高蛋白早餐能让你保持饱腹感)”以及后文“If your first meal is well balanced and contains enough protein, you’re more likely to maintain stable blood sugar levels and not overeat for the rest of the day.(如果你的第一顿饭很平衡，含有足够的蛋白质，你就更有可能保持稳定的血糖水平，并且在接下来的一天中不会吃得过多)”可知，本句主要是在说明高蛋白早餐的好处，C项中的It指代上文中的Eating a high-protein breakfast，C项中的prevent overeating later in the day呼应下文中的not overeat for the rest of the day。故C项“它还可以防止一天晚些时候暴饮暴食”符合此处语境。故选C。 28．根据小标题“Get your nutrition from a variety of completely unprocessed foods.(从各种完全未经加工的食物中获取营养)”以及上文“These include fruits and vegetables.(这包括水果和蔬菜)”可知，本句与上文并列，都是在列举完全未经加工的食物有哪些，F项中的also include是对上文的补充，故F项“它们还包括未经加工的肉、鱼和蛋”符合此处语境。故选F。 29．设空处是该段的小标题。根据本段内容“It’s difficult to eat healthily if you’re surrounded by junk foods. Having foods on display in various areas of the house has been linked to obesity (肥胖) and increased consumption of unhealthy foods. Keeping unhealthy foods out of the house, or at least out of sight, can increase your chances of staying on track.(如果你周围都是垃圾食品，就很难吃得健康。在房子的各个地方摆放食物与肥胖和不健康食品的消费增加有关。把不健康的食物放在家里，或者至少放在你看不见的地方，可以增加你保持健康的机会)”可知，本段主要说明要远离垃圾食品和不健康的食物，故B项“不要吃不健康的食物”能很好地概括本段的主旨，适合作本段的小标题，且B项Keep unhealthy foods out of the house与该段中的Keeping unhealthy foods out of the house构成复现关系。故选B。 30．由该段小标题“Drink enough water(喝足够的水)”以及上文“Many studies have shown that drinking enough water may benefit weight maintenance and even slightly increase the number of calories you burn daily.(许多研究表明，喝足够多的水有助于保持体重，甚至可以轻微增加你每天燃烧的卡路里)”可知，本段主要说明多喝水的益处， G项中的Studies also show that承接上文，对上文进行补充说明，且G项中的drinking water呼应小标题Drink enough water。故G项“研究还表明饭前喝水可以减少食欲和卡路里摄入”符合此处语境。故选G。 31．C 32．F 33．B 34．G 35．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章向父母们提出了几点建议以确保孩子吃得健康。 31．由该段标题“Parents control the supply lines(父母控制着供给线)”和下文“Though kids may keep asking for less nutritious foods, parents should decide which foods are regularly provided in the house.(尽管孩子可能一再要求营养少的食物，但父母应该决定家里有哪些食物是定期提供的)”可推知，设空处应陈述父母要决定家里吃什么食物，以及吃的频率。C项“你决定买哪种食物以及什么时候供应”符合语境。故选C项。 32．由该段标题“Say goodbye to the ‘clean-plate club’(对‘吃完盘子里的食物俱乐部’说再见)”和下文“Lots of parents grew up under the clean-plate rule, but that way doesn’t help kids listen to their own bodies when they are full.(很多父母都是在‘吃完盘子里的食物’的规则下长大的，但这种方式并不能帮助孩子们在吃饱的时候听从自己身体的声音)”可推知，“吃完盘子里的食物”规则对于吃饱的孩子来说没有帮助，所以如果孩子吃饱了就不要再强迫他们非得把盘子里的食物吃光， F项“当孩子吃饱时就让孩子不吃了”符合语境。故选F项。 33．设空处为本段小标题。根据本段内容“Food preferences are developed early in life. Likes and dislikes begin forming even when kids are babies. So parents need to serve new food on different occasions for a child to accept it, which should be started when he is young.(食物偏好在生命早期就形成了。好恶在孩子还是婴儿的时候就开始形成了。所以父母需要在不同的场合提供新的食物，让孩子接受它，这应该从他小的时候就开始)”可知，本段主要是说要帮助孩子从小养成不挑食的好习惯。B项“小时候就开始”可以作为本段小题，选项中的them指的是“Food preferences(对食物的喜好)”，即饮食习惯。故选B项。 34．由该段标题“Food is not love(食物不是爱)”和文中的“When foods are used to reward kids and show love, they may start to turn to food when feeling worried or unhappy.(当食物被用来奖励孩子和展示爱时，他们在担心或不高兴时就会求助于食物)”可知，作者建议不要用食物作为奖励。G项“提供表扬和关注而非食物奖励”符合语境。故选G项。 35．由该段标题“Kids do as you do(孩子会跟你学)”和文中的“When trying to teach good eating habits, try to set the best example.(在教孩子良好的饮食习惯时，尽量做好榜样)”可知，要想培养孩子良好的饮食习惯，父母首先得以身作则。E项“做个榜样，你自要吃得健康”符合语境。故选E项。 36．F 37．G 38．D 39．E 40．B 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了一些教育孩子健康饮食的建议。 36．分析设空，空处位于段首，应是本段的中心句，根据后文“If kids become used to healthy, nutritious snacks and drinks when they are babies, they will be more likely to make wise choices about what they eat as they get older.(如果孩子们在婴儿时期就习惯了健康、营养的零食和饮料，那么随着年龄的增长，他们就更有可能在吃什么方面做出明智的选择)”可知，本段主要讲述了从小让孩子养成健康饮食的习惯，所以F项“Begin teaching your kids good eating habits when they are very young.(在孩子很小的时候就开始教导他们良好的饮食习惯)”符合本段主题。故选F项。 37．根据前文“Encourage your kids to help you plan healthy family meals. Sit with them and ask them to write down or tell you some ideas of nutritious meals everybody can enjoy together.(鼓励你的孩子帮助你计划健康的家庭膳食。和他们坐在一起，让他们写下或告诉你一些大家都能一起享受的营养膳食的想法)”可知G项“Helping you decide on meals that affect the whole family will make them feel more involved.(帮你决定影响整个家庭的食物会让他们觉得更有参与感)”符合本段主题，且是对前文的总结。故选G项。 38．根据前文“Let your kids accompany you grocery shopping.(让你的孩子陪你去杂货店购物)”以及后文“Ask them to check food labels to make sure they have nutritional value.(让他们检查食品标签，确保它们有营养价值)”可知，此处在讲述，具体让孩子们做什么来参加家庭营养膳食计划，所以D项“Have them pick out fruits,vegetables,and healthy snacks.(让他们挑选水果、蔬菜和健康的零食)”符合本段主题，承接上文讲述杂货店购物时孩子们可以做的事情。故选D项。 39．根据前文“Find ways to make healthy versions of food kids like. To find ideas for healthy food, visit your local library and check out the book Deceptively Delicious: Simple Secrets to Get Your Kids Eating Good Food by Jessica Seinfeld.(想办法做孩子们喜欢的健康食品。想要找到健康食物的点子，可以去当地的图书馆看看杰西卡·宋飞写的《看似美味：让你的孩子吃到好食物的简单秘诀》)”可知，此处讲述通过看一本说获得健康饮食的好想法，E项“This book has a number of clever,nutritious recipes kids like.(这本书里有很多孩子们喜欢的聪明又有营养的食谱)”承接上文，其中的book就是前文提到的Simple Secrets to Get Your Kids Eating Good Food。故选E项。 40．分析设空，位于段首句后，应是对中心句的进一步说明，根据前文“Teach by example.(以身作则)”可知，B项“Kids tend to copy what they see their parents do.(孩子们往往会模仿他们看到父母做的事情)”符合本段主题，是对前文的进一步说明。故选B项。 41．D 42．E 43．G 44．A 45．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。越来越多的研究表明，终身健康的关键是在饮食、锻炼和压力管理方面做出简单的改变。本文介绍了几个易控制的健康小窍门，以帮助人们保持健康。 41．设空处上文“Give yourself permission to shorten your workouts.”（允许自己缩短锻炼时间。）提到，允许你自己缩短你的锻炼时间，而该空下文“Your body can plateau If not given adequate rest to restore itself, ultimately leading to a decline in performance.”（如果没有足够的休息来恢复，你的身体会停滞不前，最终导致表现下降。）指出，如果没有给予足够的休息来恢复自己，你的身体可能会进入停滞期，最终会导致运动表现下降。故设空处应承上启下，引出下文中过度训练带来的问题。结合选项D.“Believe it or not, overtraining could be the problem. ”（信不信由你，过度训练可能是问题所在。）符合此推断，为上下文的承上启下。故选D项。 42．设空处上文“Breaking down your routine into various training modes can help prevent overtraining.”（把你的日常训练分成不同的训练模式有助于防止过度训练。）提到，把你的日常训练分成各种训练模式可以帮助防止过度训练。结合选项E.“You can also help balance your program by simply incorporating more variety.”（你还可以仅仅通过纳入更多类型来帮助平衡你的计划）承接上文，讲述多样性的活动有助于防止过度训练。故选E项。 43．设空处下文“If you have a can of soda at lunchtime every day, have a glass of water two days a week instead.”（如果你每天午餐时间喝一罐苏打水，那么一周有两天喝一杯水。）提到，如果你每天在午餐时间喝一罐汽水，那么每周抽出两天的时间喝一杯水来代替。由此可知，设空处下文具体解释了设空处提到的正确做法。结合选项可知，G项.“Try to focus first on one small unhealthy habit and turn it into a healthy, positive habit.”（试图首先关注一个不健康的小习惯，然后把它变成一个健康的、积极的习惯。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 44．设空处位于本段小标题处，应概括本段的主要内容。本段下文“Get your family or friends involved with you when you walk or plan healthier meals. Making healthy changes with a loved one can bring you closer together and motivate you.”（让你的家人或朋友参与你的散步或计划更健康的饮食。和你爱的人做出健康的改变可以让你们更亲密，并激励你。）主要阐述好的伙伴对于保持健康生活的重要性，结合选项可知，A项.“Keep good company.”（结交好的伙伴）与该段内容意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选A项。 45．设空处上文“You can do all the right things—but if you have personal relationships with people who have unhealthy habits, it is often a hard battle.”（你可以做所有正确的事情，但如果你和有不健康习惯的人有私人关系，这通常是一场艰苦的战斗。）提到，你可以做所有对的事情——但如果你和那些有不健康习惯的人来往，保持健康的生活方式通常是一场艰苦的战斗。下文具体介绍了如何做出健康的改变。结合选项F.“The healthiest people are those who have relationships with other healthy people.”（最健康的人是那些与其他健康的人来往的人）承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。 46．F 47．E 48．G 49．C 50．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了我们都需要食物，因为它而生存，并从中获得幸福；但是食物浪费的现象过于严重。文章提出了可以帮助我们更好地爱惜我们的食物，并培养对我们所吃食物背后的世界的尊重的几个方法。 46．根据前文“Sadly, we love food, but we don’t take care of it.(可悲的是，我们喜欢食物，但我们没有照顾它。)”提到“我们”并不珍惜食物，由此可推知，设空句应是再一次用实例证实这一观点，以增加可信度。选项F“One third of all food produced globally is lost or wasted.(全球生产的粮食有三分之一被损失或浪费。)”用数字举例的方式对前文观点进行了例证，符合分析。故选F项。 47．设空句在段末，应是对前文内容的总结。根据前文“When we waste food, all the resources used for growing, processing, transporting and marketing that food are wasted too.(当我们浪费食物时，所有用于种植、加工、运输和销售这些食物的资源也被浪费了。)”可知，浪费食物的所带来的是一系列的浪费，因此，设空句应总结强调“食物的意义”。选项E“Food is so much more than what is on our plates.(食物远不止是我们盘子里的东西。)”用“so much more than what is on our plates(比我们盘子里的要多得多)”概括了前文提及的“all the resources used for growing, processing, transporting and marketing(所有用于种植、加工、运输和销售的资源)”，前后衔接紧密，符合分析。故选E项。 48．根据该部分主题“Support your local food producers.(支持当地的食品生产商。)”可知，该部分强调支持“食品生产者”，且前文“But what about our farmers?(但是我们的农民呢?)”提及了农民，那么可推知，设空句应解释农民的重要性。选项G“Without them, we wouldn’t have the fresh food we need on a daily basis.(没有他们，我们就不会有我们每天需要的新鲜食物。)”用双重否定句强调了农民的重要性，在句意上贴合该部分主题，符合分析。故选G项。 49．根据该部分主题“Adopt a healthier, more sustainable diet.(采用更健康、更可持续的饮食。)”可知，该部分强调健康饮食，设空句为该段首句，应进一步解释为何要健康饮食。选项C“Our bodies consume calories and nutrients.(我们的身体消耗热量和营养。)”提出身体需要消耗热量和营养，健康的饮食才能给与这些营养，因此，该句是对主题句的进一步解释，同时，“calories”，“nutrients”与后文“We get energy and maintain health from good food.(我们从好的食物中获得能量和保持健康。)”中“energy”相呼应，前后衔接紧密。故选C项。 50．设空句为标题句。根据后文“Talk to the people around and to the next generation about making informed, healthy and sustainable food choices.(和周围的人以及下一代谈谈如何做出明智、健康和可持续的食物选择。)”可知，该段强调“与人谈论明智，健康和可持续的饮食”，因此，设空句作为标题，应突出核心词汇“谈论”。选项A“Have a conversation.(进行交谈。)”与后文“Talk to…”相呼应，在句意上概括主题，在词汇上出现复现，符合分析。故选A项。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$