Unit 1 A new start 单元语法：代词+练习-2024-2025学年外研版英语七年级上册

外研版七年级上册 新教材（讲义） Unit 1 A new start 重点语法--代词 一、人称代词 人称代词是指人或物的代词，可以指代自身或他人，例如“你”“我”“他”等。 1.人称代词的形式 单数 复数 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 主格 I you he she it we you they 宾格 me you him her it us you them 释义 我 你 他 她 它 我们 你们 他们 2.人称代词的用法 (1)人称代词主格用作主语 I am a worker.我是一名工人。 Are you a doctor?你是一名医生吗? What does he do?他是做什么的? It's a big box.这是一个大盒子。 (2)人称代词宾格用作宾语 Give me a pencil, please!请给我一支铅笔! The skirt is for you.这条裙子是给你的。 Don't tell him about it.别告诉他这件事。 We can take the dog with us.我们可以带狗一起去。 二、物主代词 物主代词是表示所属关系的代词，指代“物的主人”,例如“你的”“我的”“他的”等。 1.物主代词的形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 单数 复数 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 形容词性 物主代词 my your his/he r/i ts our your their 名词性 物主代词 mine yours his/he rs/i ts ours yours theirs 释义 我的 你的 他/她/它的 我们的 你们的 他/她/它们的 2.物主代词的用法 (1)形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，在句中作定语修饰名词，不可单独使用 It is my new bike.这是我的新自行车。 Miss Li is our English teacher.李老师是我们的英语老师。 (2)名词性物主代词起名词的作用，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语，可单独使用(名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词) My bag is black. Hers is blue.我的包是黑色的，她的是蓝色的。 (Hers = Her bag) I don't like my dress. I like yours.我不喜欢我的裙子，我喜欢你的。 (yours = your dress) The blue jacket is mine.这件蓝色夹克是我的。 (mine = my jacket) 三、反身代词 反身代词是表示反射或者强调的代词，例如“我自己”“你自己”“他自己”等。 1.反身代词的形式 第一、二人称的反身代词由“形容词性物主代词+ self/selves”构成；第三人称的反身代词由“人称代词宾格+ self/selves”构成。 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself我自己 ourselves我们自己 第二人称 yourself你自己 yourselves你们自己 第三人称 himself/herself/itself他/她/它自己 themselves他们自己 2.反身代词的用法 (1)反身代词在句中作宾语或表语 He saw himself in the mirror.他看到了镜子里的自己。 Just be yourself.做你自己就好。 (2)反身代词放在主语或宾语后，表示强调 I myself can finish it.我自己可以完成。 You should invite the headmaster himself to come here.你应该邀请校长本人来这儿。 (3)用于一些固定搭配中 by oneself独自 help oneself自行取用；请自便 enjoy oneself玩得开心 四、指示代词 指示代词是表示时间或空间上远近关系的代词，具有指向性，例如“这”“那”等。 1.指示代词的形式 单数 this 意为"这",指离说话人近的单数的人或物 that 意为“那”,指离说话人远的单数的人或物 复数 these 意为"这些",指离说话人近的复数的人或物 those 意为"那些",指离说话人远的复数的人或物 2.指示代词的用法 (1)指示代词在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等 This is my pen, and that is yours.这是我的钢笔，那是你的。 These are our books. Those are their books.这些是我们的书。那些是他们的书。 We need this.我们需要这个。 Her works are these.她的作品是这些。 She met those people.她遇见了那些人。 (2)指示代词可用于介绍别人或指代提及之事 Good morning, everyone. This is my sister Lucy.大家早上好。这是我的妹妹露西。 — Let's play badminton!我们去打羽毛球吧!— That's a good idea.那是个好主意。 (3)回答指示代词作主语的一般疑问句时，答句要用it或they — Is this your pen?这是你的钢笔吗?—Yes,it is.是的，它是。 — Are those your books?那些是你的书吗?—No,they aren't.不，它们不是。 (4)打电话时，this指代自己，that指代对方 Hello! This is Tina speaking.你好!我是蒂娜。 — Hello! Is that John?你好!请问是约翰吗?—Yes, speaking.是的，请讲。 五、疑问代词 疑问代词是用来引导特殊疑问句的代词，没有单复数之分。常用的疑问代词有what, who, whom, whose, which。 1. what表示“什么”,对事或物提问，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语 What changed you?是什么改变了你? What did you say?你说了什么? What's your name?你的名字是什么? What color is your hat?你的帽子是什么颜色? 2. who/whom表示“谁”,对人提问 (1)who可作主语、宾语、表语 Who is singing?谁在唱歌? Who do you work for?你为谁工作? Who is Mr. Brown?谁是布朗先生? (2)whom只能作宾语，有时可和who互换 Whom/Who did you talk about?你们刚刚在谈论谁?Whom/Who did you just speak to?你刚刚在跟谁说话? 3. whose表示“谁的”,询问物品的归属者，可作表语、定语 Whose is this?这是谁的? Whose bike is that?那是谁的自行车? 4. which表示“哪个；哪些”,对特定范围内的人或物提问，可作主语、定语 Lisa, look at these two skirts. Which is better?丽莎，看看这两条裙子。哪条更好看? Which season do you like best?你最喜欢哪个季节? 六、不定代词 不定代词是指没有明确指定代替某个(些)人或物的代词。 1.普通不定代词 (1) some和any ① some表示“某个；一些”,常用于肯定句中。 We'll eat some now and save some for tomorrow.我们现在吃一些，留一些明天吃。 ②any表示“任何一些；任一”,常用于否定句和疑问句中。 There is still some milk in the fridge. We don't need to buy any.冰箱里还有些牛奶。我们不需要买。 I need some stamps. Are there any in your bag?我需要一些邮票。你包里有吗? (2)many和much many和much都表示“许多；很多”。many修饰复数可数名词， much修饰不可数名词。 Did you see many people there?你看那儿人多吗? We don't have much time.我们没有太多时间。 (3)every和each every和each都表示“每一”。every强调整体，each强调个体。 Every student passed this test.所有学生都通过了这次测试。 Each student contributed to the fund.每个学生都为基金会捐了款。 (4)both和all both和all都表示“都”。both用于两者都，all用于三者或三者以上都。 We both like swimming very much.我们两个都很喜欢游泳。 All the students are on the playground.所有的学生都在操场上。 2.复合不定代词 复合不定代词由no-, some-,any-,every-加上-body,-one,-thing构成。 some- any- no- every- 指代人 -body、 -one somebody someone anybody anyone nobody no one everybody everyone 某人 任何人 没有人 每个人 指代事或物 -thing some thing anything nothing everything 某事 任何事 没有什么 每件事 (1)复合代词在句中作名词使用，可作主语、宾语和表语 There is somebody/someone waiting for you.有人在等你。 Nothing is impossible.没有什么是不可能的。 I don't want to do anything.我什么都不想做。 There's nobody/no one at home.家里没有人。 (2)复合代词被定语修饰时，放在定语前面 There is nothing wrong with my eyes.我的眼睛没有毛病。 Is there anything important in today's newspaper?今天的报纸上有什么重要消息吗? 一、单选题 ( )1．Are ______ your friends, Sarah? A．these B．them C．that D．this ( )2．________ hobby is reading stories. A．He B．Her C．She ( )3．—Sandy, ______ does your father love? —Running and jumping. A．what sports B．what’s C．when D．where ( )4．—_____ should we have for lunch? —Rice and eggs. A．Where B．What C．Which D．When ( )5．Is there ________ else important this month? A．something B．anything C．everything ( )6．—What’s wrong with ______,Yang Ling?    —I ______ a high fever. A．her; has B．her; have C．you; have D．you; am ( )7．______ name is John. Here is a letter from ______. A．Him; his B．He; his C．His; him ( )8．I love tomato soup. ________ delicious. A．It’s B．Its C．They’re ( )9．Miss Li teaches ______ maths. A．us B．our C．we ( )10．Thank you for ________ help. A．you B．your C．my ( )11．This is not ______ cap. ______ is blue. This one is pink. A．my; my B．mine; my C．my; mine ( )12．—Is this ______ bicycle, Sam? —No, it isn’t. It’s ______. A．you; my B．your; hers C．your; mine D．you; mine ( )13．Our English teacher not only teaches ______ English but also a friend of ______ . A．our; us B．our; ours C．us; ours D．us; us ( )14．The little boy can’t swim. __________ mother helps __________. A．His; he B．He; him C．His; him ( )15．—What’s ______?      —It’s ______. A．this, a apple B．these, an apple C．this, an apple D．this; apples ( )16．These are apples. ______ are bananas. A．Those B．This C．That ( )17．—What are ______? —They are potatoes. A．that B．these C．this D．them ( )18．—_____ does your father do? —He is a policeman. A．Who B．Which C．What ( )19．—Would you like _______ hot dogs? —Yes, please. A．a B．some C．any ( )20．Is there _______ important next month? A．anything else B．something else C．else anything ( )21．I don’t have ______ nice clothes ______ shoes. A．some; and B．any; and C．some; or D．any; or ( )22．Be careful! The knife is sharp. You may cut ________. A．yourself B．your C．my ( )23．The children enjoyed _____ in the park. A．they B．themselves C．them ( )24．You can see _______ in the mirror(镜子). A．their B．your C．yourself ( )25．—Do you need help? —No, thanks. I can do it _______. A．yourself B．myself C．me D．you 二、用单词正确形式填空 26．Let ______ (she) help the old man. 27．Look! The boy is showing ______ (he) new clothes to ______ (we). 28．—What’s wrong with _______ (she)? —She _______ (have) a headache. 29．Sometimes I sing and dance with ______ (they). 30．Would you please pass ______ (my) the fork. 31．I want to go to the park. What about _______ (they)? 32．The windows are dirty. Let’s clean ______ (they) now. 33．What is ______ (you) favourite animal? 34．______ (we) teacher is tall. 35．Where is ______ (I) pen? I can’t find it. 36．—Do you want _____ (some) snacks? —Yes, please. 37．—Do you have _____ (some) stickers? —Yes, I do. 38．‘What can I do?’ she says to _____ (she). 39．Kate, take good care of ____ (you). 三、对划线部分提问 40．You should have rice and vegetables for lunch. (对划线部分提问) _____ should we _____ for lunch? 41．We need some ice cream for the party. (对画线部分提问) _____ _____ we need for the party? 42．The children help the old man. (对画线部分提问) ______ ______ the old man? 43．Miss White is my head teacher. (就画线部分提问) ________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 外研版七年级上册 新教材（讲义） Unit 1 A new start 重点语法--代词 一、人称代词 人称代词是指人或物的代词，可以指代自身或他人，例如“你”“我”“他”等。 1.人称代词的形式 单数 复数 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 主格 I you he she it we you they 宾格 me you him her it us you them 释义 我 你 他 她 它 我们 你们 他们 2.人称代词的用法 (1)人称代词主格用作主语 I am a worker.我是一名工人。 Are you a doctor?你是一名医生吗? What does he do?他是做什么的? It's a big box.这是一个大盒子。 (2)人称代词宾格用作宾语 Give me a pencil, please!请给我一支铅笔! The skirt is for you.这条裙子是给你的。 Don't tell him about it.别告诉他这件事。 We can take the dog with us.我们可以带狗一起去。 二、物主代词 物主代词是表示所属关系的代词，指代“物的主人”,例如“你的”“我的”“他的”等。 1.物主代词的形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 单数 复数 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 形容词性 物主代词 my your his/he r/i ts our your their 名词性 物主代词 mine yours his/he rs/i ts ours yours theirs 释义 我的 你的 他/她/它的 我们的 你们的 他/她/它们的 2.物主代词的用法 (1)形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，在句中作定语修饰名词，不可单独使用 It is my new bike.这是我的新自行车。 Miss Li is our English teacher.李老师是我们的英语老师。 (2)名词性物主代词起名词的作用，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语，可单独使用(名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词) My bag is black. Hers is blue.我的包是黑色的，她的是蓝色的。 (Hers = Her bag) I don't like my dress. I like yours.我不喜欢我的裙子，我喜欢你的。 (yours = your dress) The blue jacket is mine.这件蓝色夹克是我的。 (mine = my jacket) 三、反身代词 反身代词是表示反射或者强调的代词，例如“我自己”“你自己”“他自己”等。 1.反身代词的形式 第一、二人称的反身代词由“形容词性物主代词+ self/selves”构成；第三人称的反身代词由“人称代词宾格+ self/selves”构成。 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself我自己 ourselves我们自己 第二人称 yourself你自己 yourselves你们自己 第三人称 himself/herself/itself他/她/它自己 themselves他们自己 2.反身代词的用法 (1)反身代词在句中作宾语或表语 He saw himself in the mirror.他看到了镜子里的自己。 Just be yourself.做你自己就好。 (2)反身代词放在主语或宾语后，表示强调 I myself can finish it.我自己可以完成。 You should invite the headmaster himself to come here.你应该邀请校长本人来这儿。 (3)用于一些固定搭配中 by oneself独自 help oneself自行取用；请自便 enjoy oneself玩得开心 四、指示代词 指示代词是表示时间或空间上远近关系的代词，具有指向性，例如“这”“那”等。 1.指示代词的形式 单数 this 意为"这",指离说话人近的单数的人或物 that 意为“那”,指离说话人远的单数的人或物 复数 these 意为"这些",指离说话人近的复数的人或物 those 意为"那些",指离说话人远的复数的人或物 2.指示代词的用法 (1)指示代词在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等 This is my pen, and that is yours.这是我的钢笔，那是你的。 These are our books. Those are their books.这些是我们的书。那些是他们的书。 We need this.我们需要这个。 Her works are these.她的作品是这些。 She met those people.她遇见了那些人。 (2)指示代词可用于介绍别人或指代提及之事 Good morning, everyone. This is my sister Lucy.大家早上好。这是我的妹妹露西。 — Let's play badminton!我们去打羽毛球吧!— That's a good idea.那是个好主意。 (3)回答指示代词作主语的一般疑问句时，答句要用it或they — Is this your pen?这是你的钢笔吗?—Yes,it is.是的，它是。 — Are those your books?那些是你的书吗?—No,they aren't.不，它们不是。 (4)打电话时，this指代自己，that指代对方 Hello! This is Tina speaking.你好!我是蒂娜。 — Hello! Is that John?你好!请问是约翰吗?—Yes, speaking.是的，请讲。 五、疑问代词 疑问代词是用来引导特殊疑问句的代词，没有单复数之分。常用的疑问代词有what, who, whom, whose, which。 1. what表示“什么”,对事或物提问，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语 What changed you?是什么改变了你? What did you say?你说了什么? What's your name?你的名字是什么? What color is your hat?你的帽子是什么颜色? 2. who/whom表示“谁”,对人提问 (1)who可作主语、宾语、表语 Who is singing?谁在唱歌? Who do you work for?你为谁工作? Who is Mr. Brown?谁是布朗先生? (2)whom只能作宾语，有时可和who互换 Whom/Who did you talk about?你们刚刚在谈论谁?Whom/Who did you just speak to?你刚刚在跟谁说话? 3. whose表示“谁的”,询问物品的归属者，可作表语、定语 Whose is this?这是谁的? Whose bike is that?那是谁的自行车? 4. which表示“哪个；哪些”,对特定范围内的人或物提问，可作主语、定语 Lisa, look at these two skirts. Which is better?丽莎，看看这两条裙子。哪条更好看? Which season do you like best?你最喜欢哪个季节? 六、不定代词 不定代词是指没有明确指定代替某个(些)人或物的代词。 1.普通不定代词 (1) some和any ① some表示“某个；一些”,常用于肯定句中。 We'll eat some now and save some for tomorrow.我们现在吃一些，留一些明天吃。 ②any表示“任何一些；任一”,常用于否定句和疑问句中。 There is still some milk in the fridge. We don't need to buy any.冰箱里还有些牛奶。我们不需要买。 I need some stamps. Are there any in your bag?我需要一些邮票。你包里有吗? (2)many和much many和much都表示“许多；很多”。many修饰复数可数名词， much修饰不可数名词。 Did you see many people there?你看那儿人多吗? We don't have much time.我们没有太多时间。 (3)every和each every和each都表示“每一”。every强调整体，each强调个体。 Every student passed this test.所有学生都通过了这次测试。 Each student contributed to the fund.每个学生都为基金会捐了款。 (4)both和all both和all都表示“都”。both用于两者都，all用于三者或三者以上都。 We both like swimming very much.我们两个都很喜欢游泳。 All the students are on the playground.所有的学生都在操场上。 2.复合不定代词 复合不定代词由no-, some-,any-,every-加上-body,-one,-thing构成。 some- any- no- every- 指代人 -body、 -one somebody someone anybody anyone nobody no one everybody everyone 某人 任何人 没有人 每个人 指代事或物 -thing some thing anything nothing everything 某事 任何事 没有什么 每件事 (1)复合代词在句中作名词使用，可作主语、宾语和表语 There is somebody/someone waiting for you.有人在等你。 Nothing is impossible.没有什么是不可能的。 I don't want to do anything.我什么都不想做。 There's nobody/no one at home.家里没有人。 (2)复合代词被定语修饰时，放在定语前面 There is nothing wrong with my eyes.我的眼睛没有毛病。 Is there anything important in today's newspaper?今天的报纸上有什么重要消息吗? 一、单选题 ( )1．Are ______ your friends, Sarah? A．these B．them C．that D．this ( )2．________ hobby is reading stories. A．He B．Her C．She ( )3．—Sandy, ______ does your father love? —Running and jumping. A．what sports B．what’s C．when D．where ( )4．—_____ should we have for lunch? —Rice and eggs. A．Where B．What C．Which D．When ( )5．Is there ________ else important this month? A．something B．anything C．everything ( )6．—What’s wrong with ______,Yang Ling?    —I ______ a high fever. A．her; has B．her; have C．you; have D．you; am ( )7．______ name is John. Here is a letter from ______. A．Him; his B．He; his C．His; him ( )8．I love tomato soup. ________ delicious. A．It’s B．Its C．They’re ( )9．Miss Li teaches ______ maths. A．us B．our C．we ( )10．Thank you for ________ help. A．you B．your C．my ( )11．This is not ______ cap. ______ is blue. This one is pink. A．my; my B．mine; my C．my; mine ( )12．—Is this ______ bicycle, Sam? —No, it isn’t. It’s ______. A．you; my B．your; hers C．your; mine D．you; mine ( )13．Our English teacher not only teaches ______ English but also a friend of ______ . A．our; us B．our; ours C．us; ours D．us; us ( )14．The little boy can’t swim. __________ mother helps __________. A．His; he B．He; him C．His; him ( )15．—What’s ______?      —It’s ______. A．this, a apple B．these, an apple C．this, an apple D．this; apples ( )16．These are apples. ______ are bananas. A．Those B．This C．That ( )17．—What are ______? —They are potatoes. A．that B．these C．this D．them ( )18．—_____ does your father do? —He is a policeman. A．Who B．Which C．What ( )19．—Would you like _______ hot dogs? —Yes, please. A．a B．some C．any ( )20．Is there _______ important next month? A．anything else B．something else C．else anything ( )21．I don’t have ______ nice clothes ______ shoes. A．some; and B．any; and C．some; or D．any; or ( )22．Be careful! The knife is sharp. You may cut ________. A．yourself B．your C．my ( )23．The children enjoyed _____ in the park. A．they B．themselves C．them ( )24．You can see _______ in the mirror(镜子). A．their B．your C．yourself ( )25．—Do you need help? —No, thanks. I can do it _______. A．yourself B．myself C．me D．you 二、用单词正确形式填空 26．Let ______ (she) help the old man. 27．Look! The boy is showing ______ (he) new clothes to ______ (we). 28．—What’s wrong with _______ (she)? —She _______ (have) a headache. 29．Sometimes I sing and dance with ______ (they). 30．Would you please pass ______ (my) the fork. 31．I want to go to the park. What about _______ (they)? 32．The windows are dirty. Let’s clean ______ (they) now. 33．What is ______ (you) favourite animal? 34．______ (we) teacher is tall. 35．Where is ______ (I) pen? I can’t find it. 36．—Do you want _____ (some) snacks? —Yes, please. 37．—Do you have _____ (some) stickers? —Yes, I do. 38．‘What can I do?’ she says to _____ (she). 39．Kate, take good care of ____ (you). 三、对划线部分提问 40．You should have rice and vegetables for lunch. (对划线部分提问) _____ should we _____ for lunch? 41．We need some ice cream for the party. (对画线部分提问) _____ _____ we need for the party? 42．The children help the old man. (对画线部分提问) ______ ______ the old man? 43．Miss White is my head teacher. (就画线部分提问) ________________________________________________ 答案： 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．C 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．A 21．D 22．A 23．B 24．C 25．B 26．her 27．his us 28．her has 29．them 30．me 31．them 32．them 33．your 34．Our 35．my 36．some 37．any 38．herself 39．yourself 40．What have 41．What do 42．Who helps 43．Who is your head teacher? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$