Unit 1 Period 4 Using Language 2（分层作业）-2024-2025学年高二英语同步精品课堂（人教版2019）选择性必修第二册

Unit 1 Period 4 Using Language (2) I. 拓展词汇 ①____________ adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的→____________ n. 机械师；机械修理工 ②____________ vt.保卫；防守；辩解→____________ n. 保卫；防守；辩解 ③____________ n. 助理；助手→____________ v. 帮助→____________ n. 帮助 ④____________ n. 领导；领导地位；领导才能→____________ n. 领导→____________ v. 引路；引领；导致 ⑤____________ adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→____________ n. 天赋；天才 ⑥____________ adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→____________ adv.不断地；持续地→____________ n. 稳定、稳健 ⑦____________ n. 天文学家→____________ n. 天文学→____________ n. 宇航员 ⑧____________ adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的→____________ n. (卓越的)才华；才智；光亮；光辉；光彩；宏伟；壮丽→____________ adv. 聪颖地；绝妙地 ⑨____________ adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→____________ adv.生动地；形象地 II. 短语背诵 1. ________________________　 (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发 2. ________________________ 主管；掌管 3. ________________________ 对……熟悉 4. ________________________ 患(病)；染上(小病) 5. ________________________ 犯错误 6. ________________________ 最重要的是；尤其是 7. ________________________　　对……有影响 8. ________________________ 阻止某人做某事 9. ________________________ 接受挑战 10. ________________________ 在某人的领导下 11. ________________________ 追溯到 I.选词填空 break out, take on, above all, be familiar with, in charge of, come down, have a great impact on, trace back to, have a gift for, take on the challenge 1. The practice that Chinese people celebrate Labour Day ____________ 1918. 2. Don’t worry about him. He has just ____________ with a bad cold; he’ll recover soon. 3. No other organisation was able or willing ____________ the job. 4. Whoever ____________ organisation and management is likely to be selected and trained for future important work. 5. The board has decided to put the most capable manager ____________ the sales department, which is a great delight. 6. ____________, we should be concerned about the safety and health of people’s lives. 7. The governments at all levels took effective measures right away to prevent the epidemic spreading as soon as it ____________. 8. It’s said that the outbreak of the epidemic will ____________ people’s lives in many ways. 9. Timing is key to success. Ask yourself if you’re ready ____________ of serious weight loss. 10. He does not seem ____________ research which might have strengthened his own arguments. II.单句写作 1. 通过那次志愿活动，我不仅开阔了眼界，而且获得了一些宝贵的经验。(not only置于句首引起的倒装句) From that voluntary activity, ________________________, but I also gained some valuable experience. 2. 就我个人而言，在我们日常生活中身体健康最重要。(否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义) From my point of view, ________________________ in our daily life. 3. 谈到游泳，没有人比得过他。(when it comes to...) No one matches him ________________________. 4. 参观艺术展览的时候，我们讨论了这位伟大艺术家的作品。(时间状语从句的省略) ________________________, we discussed the great artist’s works. III.课文缩写 下面的短文是P7～P8的课文改写，请从下表中选择合适的词汇并用其适当的形式完成此文。 break out, in charge of, under one’s leadership, switch, defend, where, but also, discourage, overcome, outstanding Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai in 1911 and studied in Beijing. However, after the Songhu Battle 1. ____________ in 1932, he was determined 2. ____________ his major to aviation with the hope of 3. ____________ his homeland. Then Qian went to the USA to further his study 4. ____________ he became a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology. Qian was patriotic, so he returned to China after 5. ____________ some difficulties and then was put 6. ____________ not only developing China’s rocket science 7. ____________ its space and missile programme. At that time China’s poor and undeveloped situation didn’t 8. ____________ him from taking on the challenge, and 9. ____________, China launched its first man－made satellite and achieved a series of great success. Therefore, Qian earned the name of “the father of China’s aerospace” as an 10. ____________ and creative scientist, especially a patriotic person. I.阅读理解 The 2022 Future Science Prize, a privately funded science honor established by a group of famous scientists and entrepreneurs, called “China’s Nobel Prize,” was awarded on Sunday to three Chinese scholars for their outstanding achievement in basic scientific research, an exciting boost to encourage innovation in the country’s basic science. The Life Science Award, the Physical Science Award, and the Mathematics and Computer Science Award of the 2022 Future Science Prize respectively went to Li Wenhui, Yang Xueming, and Mok Ngai-ming, with each of them winning $ 1 million, the award organizer announced. Lin Chao, chairman of the scientific committee of the 2022 Future Science Prize, said the winners’ research has achieved great international influence. It is the spirit of exploration and continuous scientific research of these scientists that have broadened human beings’ cognitive boundaries in the macro and micro world, and set the direction for an uncertain future. The Future Science Prize aims at recognizing scientific successes and innovations in China with long-term significance to the world. Chinese research fellows generally believe the selection of famous scientists will play a positive role in encouraging innovation in basic science in China and inspire scientific eagerness among young people. Liu Dingzhen, a professor from the College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, said that on Sunday that encouraging China’s basic science is of great significance, because basic science takes a long period of time to harvest achievements but it is one of the key factors for the country to resolve bottlenecks in technology, secure supply chains in global competition and achieve the goal of becoming a powerful nation in science and technology. The prize committee, composed of 23 outstanding scientists, is at the core of the award selection. The award ceremony of the 2022 Future Science Prize is scheduled to be held in November. Since 2016, 24 winners have been awarded the Future Science Prize, all of whom have been widely recognized both in scientific circles and in society. 1. What can we learn about the Future Science Prize from the text? A. It has a history of over a decade. B. It’s established by the government. C. It awards three scientists every year. D. It focuses on basic scientific research. 2. How does Lin Chao feel about the winners’ research? A. It’s full of challenges. B. It’s greatly influential. C. It needs huge improvement. D. It should broaden its range. 3. According to Liu Dingzhen, what’s the significance of developing basic science? A. Setting the direction for an uncertain future. B. Inspiring scientific eagerness among young people. C. Recognizing scientific successes and innovations in time. D. Helping the nation take the lead in science and technology. 4. In which column of a newspaper can you most probably read this article? A. Society. B. Finance. C. Entertainment. D. Environment. B The numbers are shocking: women make up less than 25% of the STEM (science-technology-engineering-mathematics) workforce in the USA. Even if recent years have seen an increase, the numbers are still not representative of wider population. Why does this under-representation of women matter? Research shows diverse teams perform better. Individuals from different genders, races, backgrounds and experiences bring different perspectives that can lead to creative solutions. Given the changes being brought on by the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), we can’t afford not to have all hands involved. STEM fields are key to obtain the rewards of 4IR, but STEM fields are also key to dealing with the revolution’s potential downsides, such as climate change, Internet-related war and the reorientation (再定位) of job sectors. So it is essential that women obtain the benefits and get involved in finding solutions. However, why do women and girls participate in STEM fields at lower rates? Studies show that it is not an ability issue. Marian Wright, a children’s rights activist, stated clearly, “You can’t be what you can’t see.” When asked to draw a scientist, most students draw a white man in a lab coat. The great majority of portrayals of scientists and engineers in movies and television shows have been men. But as awareness of the problem has grown, portrayals of women scientists and engineers in the media have begun to change. The success of movies like Hidden Figures, which tells the story of several African American women, working in engineering and mathematics, helped put the first humans into space, enables girls to not only see what women have already contributed, but to see themselves in that role. 4IR is changing the way we receive information, how we process it, how we work and what jobs we will do. It is happening at an unprecedented (前所未有的) pace. Because of this, we simply cannot afford to have any less than our whole population engaged and contributing. The historical focus of STEM courses at university and communities on weeding out students drove away women; now we need to focus on how to include everyone. 5. What do we know from the passage? A. Women in STEM are good at finding solutions. B. Women are not as creative as men in STEM. C. Not enough women are working in STEM. D. Women have much lower status in STEM. 6. What does the underlined word “problem” refer to? A. There aren’t enough positive female role models. B. Students usually more worship men scientists. C. Female scientists are more exposed to the media. D. The movies about women face a lot of challenges. 7. What will probably be talked about following the last paragraph? A. Women’s role in related careers in STEM fields. B. Practice of involving women in STEM courses. C. The categories of STEM courses in university. D. The history and development of STEM courses. 8. Which is the best title of the passage? A. The Status of Women Scientists Is Rising B. Women’s Scientific Spirit Is Strengthened C. Women Scientists Are Becoming Idols D. The Times Call for Women Scientists II.完形填空 The Cambridge University Library in Britain received a “gift” in early March. 2022. Someone 1 a pink gift bag near the building with a note wishing the librarian a Happy Easter. Inside the bag was the “gift”: two small notebooks from the famous British naturalist Charles Darwin, who is 2 for his theory of evolution. One of the 3 has a famous drawing in it called the “Tree of Life”. Darwin made the drawing in 1837. The university talked about the 4 on Tuesday. Cambridge believed the notebooks were 5 20 years ago. They were first thought to be 6 inside the building after they were taken to be photographed. But, after searching through 10 million books, maps and documents, the university reported the notebooks 7 to police in 2020. British investigators notified police around the world, and a 8 began. The notebooks are valued at millions of dollars. They were 9 , however, in good condition. Darwin’s notebooks contained writings about his famous trip around the world on the ship H. M. S. Beagle. The research 10 his book on evolution called On the Origin of species. Cambridge University Librarian Jessica Gardner said she was 11 to see the notebooks. But she said her true feelings were profound and almost impossible to adequately express. Gardner said the notebooks would go back into the Darwin Archive. The library is also 12 to the works by scientists Stephen Hawking and Isaac Newton. The notebooks will be on 13 later this year in a Darwin show at the library. Local police said they are continuing to 14 who may have taken the notebooks and asked for help from anyone who has 15 about the case. 1. A. presented B. left C. provided D. abandoned 2. A. satisfied B. interested C. renowned D. devoted 3. A. gifts B. bags C. works D. notebooks 4. A. incident B. amusement C. librarian D. conflict 5. A. covered B. taken C. photographed D. copied 6. A. destroyed B. surviving C. buried D. missing 7. A. hidden B. removed C. stolen D. purchased 8. A. search B. research C. conservation D. trial 9. A. changed B. claimed C. returned D. offered 10. A. belonged to B. led to C. appealed to D. resulted to 11. A. concerned B. embarrassed C. anxious D. relieved 12. A. equal B. home C. reduced D. limited 13. A. balance B. public C. display D. disgrace 14. A. look into B. respond to C. happen to D. prepare for 15. A. contents B. news C. images D. information III.书面表达 “杂交水稻之父”袁隆平逝世，享年91岁，这一消息引发了网友集体悼念的浪潮。你校也举办了纪念袁隆平的主题演讲活动，请你写一篇演讲稿，缅怀并致敬伟人。 注意：词数100左右。 参考词汇：杂交水稻 hybrid rice Let the Scientific Spirit Live on ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】范文 Let the Scientific Spirit Live on Dear friends, First of all, let’s offer our deepest sympathies on the death of scientist Yuan Longping. Grandpa Yuan spent his life researching rice and was a household name in China, known as “Father of Hybrid Rice”. Even in his later years, Grandpa Yuan did not stop doing research. He made great contribution to China’s food security and world grain development. I think the best way to memorialize the great scientist is to learn from him, particularly his devotion to his work, and his desire to serve the motherland and the people. Greatness comes out of the ordinary. I believe with a firm ideal in heart and tireless work in action, we, every ordinary person can have an extraordinary life. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Period 4 Using Language (2) I. 拓展词汇 ①mechanical adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的→mechanic n. 机械师；机械修理工 ②defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解→defense/defence n. 保卫；防守；辩解 ③assistant n. 助理；助手→assist v. 帮助→assistance n. 帮助 ④leadership n. 领导；领导地位；领导才能→leader n. 领导→lead v. 引路；引领；导致 ⑤gifted adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→gift n. 天赋；天才 ⑥steady adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→steadily adv.不断地；持续地→steadiness n. 稳定、稳健 ⑦astronomer n. 天文学家→astronomy n. 天文学→astronaut n. 宇航员 ⑧brilliant adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的→brilliance n. (卓越的)才华；才智；光亮；光辉；光彩；宏伟；壮丽→brilliantly adv. 聪颖地；绝妙地 ⑨vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→vividly adv.生动地；形象地 II. 短语背诵 1. break out　 (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发 2. in charge of 主管；掌管 3. be familiar with 对……熟悉 4. come down 患(病)；染上(小病) 5. make mistakes/a mistake 犯错误 6. above all 最重要的是；尤其是 7. have an impact on　　对……有影响 8. discourage sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 9. take on the challenge 接受挑战 10. under one’s leadership 在某人的领导下 11. trace back to 追溯到 I.选词填空 break out, take on, above all, be familiar with, in charge of, come down, have a great impact on, trace back to, have a gift for, take on the challenge 1. The practice that Chinese people celebrate Labour Day ____________ 1918. 2. Don’t worry about him. He has just ____________ with a bad cold; he’ll recover soon. 3. No other organisation was able or willing ____________ the job. 4. Whoever ____________ organisation and management is likely to be selected and trained for future important work. 5. The board has decided to put the most capable manager ____________ the sales department, which is a great delight. 6. ____________, we should be concerned about the safety and health of people’s lives. 7. The governments at all levels took effective measures right away to prevent the epidemic spreading as soon as it ____________. 8. It’s said that the outbreak of the epidemic will ____________ people’s lives in many ways. 9. Timing is key to success. Ask yourself if you’re ready ____________ of serious weight loss. 10. He does not seem ____________ research which might have strengthened his own arguments. 【答案】1. is traced back to 2. come down 3. to take on 4. has a gift for 5. in charge of 6. Above all 7. broke out 8. have a great impact on 9. to take on the challenges 10. to be familiar with II.单句写作 1. 通过那次志愿活动，我不仅开阔了眼界，而且获得了一些宝贵的经验。(not only置于句首引起的倒装句) From that voluntary activity, ________________________, but I also gained some valuable experience. 2. 就我个人而言，在我们日常生活中身体健康最重要。(否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义) From my point of view, ________________________ in our daily life. 3. 谈到游泳，没有人比得过他。(when it comes to...) No one matches him ________________________. 4. 参观艺术展览的时候，我们讨论了这位伟大艺术家的作品。(时间状语从句的省略) ________________________, we discussed the great artist’s works. 【答案】 1. not only did I broaden my horizons 2. nothing is more important than health 3. when it comes to swimming 4. While/When visiting the art exhibition III.课文缩写 下面的短文是P7～P8的课文改写，请从下表中选择合适的词汇并用其适当的形式完成此文。 break out, in charge of, under one’s leadership, switch, defend, where, but also, discourage, overcome, outstanding Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai in 1911 and studied in Beijing. However, after the Songhu Battle 1. ____________ in 1932, he was determined 2. ____________ his major to aviation with the hope of 3. ____________ his homeland. Then Qian went to the USA to further his study 4. ____________ he became a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology. Qian was patriotic, so he returned to China after 5. ____________ some difficulties and then was put 6. ____________ not only developing China’s rocket science 7. ____________ its space and missile programme. At that time China’s poor and undeveloped situation didn’t 8. ____________ him from taking on the challenge, and 9. ____________, China launched its first man－made satellite and achieved a series of great success. Therefore, Qian earned the name of “the father of China’s aerospace” as an 10. ____________ and creative scientist, especially a patriotic person. 【答案】1. broke out 2. to switch 3. defending 4. where 5. overcoming 6. in charge of 7. but also 8. discourage 9. under his leadership 10. outstanding I.阅读理解 The 2022 Future Science Prize, a privately funded science honor established by a group of famous scientists and entrepreneurs, called “China’s Nobel Prize,” was awarded on Sunday to three Chinese scholars for their outstanding achievement in basic scientific research, an exciting boost to encourage innovation in the country’s basic science. The Life Science Award, the Physical Science Award, and the Mathematics and Computer Science Award of the 2022 Future Science Prize respectively went to Li Wenhui, Yang Xueming, and Mok Ngai-ming, with each of them winning $ 1 million, the award organizer announced. Lin Chao, chairman of the scientific committee of the 2022 Future Science Prize, said the winners’ research has achieved great international influence. It is the spirit of exploration and continuous scientific research of these scientists that have broadened human beings’ cognitive boundaries in the macro and micro world, and set the direction for an uncertain future. The Future Science Prize aims at recognizing scientific successes and innovations in China with long-term significance to the world. Chinese research fellows generally believe the selection of famous scientists will play a positive role in encouraging innovation in basic science in China and inspire scientific eagerness among young people. Liu Dingzhen, a professor from the College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, said that on Sunday that encouraging China’s basic science is of great significance, because basic science takes a long period of time to harvest achievements but it is one of the key factors for the country to resolve bottlenecks in technology, secure supply chains in global competition and achieve the goal of becoming a powerful nation in science and technology. The prize committee, composed of 23 outstanding scientists, is at the core of the award selection. The award ceremony of the 2022 Future Science Prize is scheduled to be held in November. Since 2016, 24 winners have been awarded the Future Science Prize, all of whom have been widely recognized both in scientific circles and in society. 1. What can we learn about the Future Science Prize from the text? A. It has a history of over a decade. B. It’s established by the government. C. It awards three scientists every year. D. It focuses on basic scientific research. 2. How does Lin Chao feel about the winners’ research? A. It’s full of challenges. B. It’s greatly influential. C. It needs huge improvement. D. It should broaden its range. 3. According to Liu Dingzhen, what’s the significance of developing basic science? A. Setting the direction for an uncertain future. B. Inspiring scientific eagerness among young people. C. Recognizing scientific successes and innovations in time. D. Helping the nation take the lead in science and technology. 4. In which column of a newspaper can you most probably read this article? A. Society. B. Finance. C. Entertainment. D. Environment. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 4. A 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要介绍了被称为“中国诺贝尔奖”的未来科学奖，并介绍了该奖项2022年的三名获奖人。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段内容“The 2022 Future Science Prize, a privately funded science honor established by a group of famous scientists and entrepreneurs, called “China’s Nobel Prize,” was awarded on Sunday to three Chinese scholars for their outstanding achievement in basic scientific research, an exciting boost to encourage innovation in the country’s basic science.”（2022年未来科学奖是由一群著名科学家和企业家设立的一项私人资助的科学荣誉，被称为“中国诺贝尔奖”，周日，三名中国学者因其在基础科学研究方面的杰出成就而获奖，这是鼓励中国基础科学创新的一个激动人心的推动力。）可知，未来科学奖的三名获奖人都来自基础科学研究领域，这个奖项鼓励了中国基础科学创新，由此可知，未来科学奖侧重于基础科学研究。故选D项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“Lin Chao, chairman of the scientific committee of the 2022 Future Science Prize, said the winners’ research has achieved great international influence.”（2022年未来科学奖科学委员会主席林潮表示，获奖者的研究取得了巨大的国际影响力。）可知，林潮表示获奖者的研究取得了巨大的国际影响力，由此可知，林潮认为获奖者的研究影响力很大。故选B项。 3. 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段内容“Liu Dingzhen, a professor from the College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, said that on Sunday that encouraging China’s basic science is of great significance, because basic science takes a long period of time to harvest achievements but it is one of the key factors for the country to resolve bottlenecks in technology, secure supply chains in global competition and achieve the goal of becoming a powerful nation in science and technology.”（北京师范大学生命科学学院教授刘定震周日表示，鼓励中国的基础科学具有重要意义，因为基础科学需要很长一段时间才能取得成果，但这是中国解决技术瓶颈的关键因素之一，在全球竞争中确保供应链安全，实现成为科技强国的目标。）可知，基础科学有助于中国实现成为科技强国的目标，在科学技术方面处于领先地位，由此可知，刘定震认为发展基础科学能帮助国家在科学技术方面处于领先地位。故选D项。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段内容“The 2022 Future Science Prize, a privately funded science honor established by a group of famous scientists and entrepreneurs, called “China’s Nobel Prize,” was awarded on Sunday to three Chinese scholars for their outstanding achievement in basic scientific research, an exciting boost to encourage innovation in the country’s basic science.”（2022年未来科学奖是由一群著名科学家和企业家设立的一项私人资助的科学荣誉，被称为“中国诺贝尔奖”，周日，三名中国学者因其在基础科学研究方面的杰出成就而获奖，这是鼓励中国基础科学创新的一个激动人心的推动力。）可知，本文主要介绍了被称为“中国诺贝尔奖”的未来科学奖，并介绍了该奖项2022年的三名获奖人，由此可知，这是一项社会事件的报道，你最有可能在报纸的社会栏目读到这篇文章。故选A项。 B The numbers are shocking: women make up less than 25% of the STEM (science-technology-engineering-mathematics) workforce in the USA. Even if recent years have seen an increase, the numbers are still not representative of wider population. Why does this under-representation of women matter? Research shows diverse teams perform better. Individuals from different genders, races, backgrounds and experiences bring different perspectives that can lead to creative solutions. Given the changes being brought on by the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), we can’t afford not to have all hands involved. STEM fields are key to obtain the rewards of 4IR, but STEM fields are also key to dealing with the revolution’s potential downsides, such as climate change, Internet-related war and the reorientation (再定位) of job sectors. So it is essential that women obtain the benefits and get involved in finding solutions. However, why do women and girls participate in STEM fields at lower rates? Studies show that it is not an ability issue. Marian Wright, a children’s rights activist, stated clearly, “You can’t be what you can’t see.” When asked to draw a scientist, most students draw a white man in a lab coat. The great majority of portrayals of scientists and engineers in movies and television shows have been men. But as awareness of the problem has grown, portrayals of women scientists and engineers in the media have begun to change. The success of movies like Hidden Figures, which tells the story of several African American women, working in engineering and mathematics, helped put the first humans into space, enables girls to not only see what women have already contributed, but to see themselves in that role. 4IR is changing the way we receive information, how we process it, how we work and what jobs we will do. It is happening at an unprecedented (前所未有的) pace. Because of this, we simply cannot afford to have any less than our whole population engaged and contributing. The historical focus of STEM courses at university and communities on weeding out students drove away women; now we need to focus on how to include everyone. 5. What do we know from the passage? A. Women in STEM are good at finding solutions. B. Women are not as creative as men in STEM. C. Not enough women are working in STEM. D. Women have much lower status in STEM. 6. What does the underlined word “problem” refer to? A. There aren’t enough positive female role models. B. Students usually more worship men scientists. C. Female scientists are more exposed to the media. D. The movies about women face a lot of challenges. 7. What will probably be talked about following the last paragraph? A. Women’s role in related careers in STEM fields. B. Practice of involving women in STEM courses. C. The categories of STEM courses in university. D. The history and development of STEM courses. 8. Which is the best title of the passage? A. The Status of Women Scientists Is Rising B. Women’s Scientific Spirit Is Strengthened C. Women Scientists Are Becoming Idols D. The Times Call for Women Scientists 【答案】5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了女性工作者在科学，技术，工程和数学领域中人数不多。但是让女性工作者参与这些领域是很重要的。由于社会对女性积极描述较少导致女性参与科学，技术，工程和数学领域人数不多，但是随着信息技术的快速发展，我们应该要让女性参与理科工程。 1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The numbers are shocking: women make up less than 25% of the STEM (science-technology-engineering-mathematics) workforce in the USA.”(这些数字令人震惊: 在美国，女性工作者在科学，技术，工程和数学领域中所占比例不到25%。)可知，在科学，技术，工程和数学领域中，女性工作者不够多，故选C。 2.词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“portrayals of women scientists and engineers in the media have begun to change.”(媒体对女科学家和女工程师的描述，已经开始改变。)以及上段中的“When asked to draw a scientist, most students draw a white man in a lab coat. The great majority of portrayals of scientists and engineers in movies and television shows have been men.”(当要求画一个科学家的时候，大多数学生都画一个穿实验服的白皮肤男性。电影和电视节目中的科学家和工程师绝大多数是男性。)可知，学校学生，电影电视节目或是媒体大部分所描述出来的科学家，工程师等都是男性，所以可以推断出，划线单词“problem”(问题)指的是没有足够的积极的女性榜样，故选A。 3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The historical focus of STEM courses at university and communities on weeding out students drove away women; now we need to focus on how to include everyone.”(历史上，大学和社区的理工科课程专注于淘汰学生，这让女性望而却步；现在，我们需要关注的是如何让每个人都参与进来。)可知，文章接下来会描述让女性参与科学，技术，工程和数学这些理科工程的具体做法，故选B。 4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段讲述了女性工作者在科学，技术，工程和数学领域中人数不多。第二段第三段介绍了让女性工作者参与这些领域的重要性。第四段和第五段介绍了女性参与这些领域少的原因。最后一段主要讲了随着信息技术发展迅速，我们要让每一个人都参与进来。所以可知，文章主要讲述女性工作者在科学，技术，工程和数学领域中人数不多，但是我们需要改变这种状况，随着信息技术的快速发展，要让女性参与理科工程。所以D选项“The Times Call for Women Scientists”(时代需要女科学家)适合作文章标题，故选D。 II.完形填空 The Cambridge University Library in Britain received a “gift” in early March. 2022. Someone 1 a pink gift bag near the building with a note wishing the librarian a Happy Easter. Inside the bag was the “gift”: two small notebooks from the famous British naturalist Charles Darwin, who is 2 for his theory of evolution. One of the 3 has a famous drawing in it called the “Tree of Life”. Darwin made the drawing in 1837. The university talked about the 4 on Tuesday. Cambridge believed the notebooks were 5 20 years ago. They were first thought to be 6 inside the building after they were taken to be photographed. But, after searching through 10 million books, maps and documents, the university reported the notebooks 7 to police in 2020. British investigators notified police around the world, and a 8 began. The notebooks are valued at millions of dollars. They were 9 , however, in good condition. Darwin’s notebooks contained writings about his famous trip around the world on the ship H. M. S. Beagle. The research 10 his book on evolution called On the Origin of species. Cambridge University Librarian Jessica Gardner said she was 11 to see the notebooks. But she said her true feelings were profound and almost impossible to adequately express. Gardner said the notebooks would go back into the Darwin Archive. The library is also 12 to the works by scientists Stephen Hawking and Isaac Newton. The notebooks will be on 13 later this year in a Darwin show at the library. Local police said they are continuing to 14 who may have taken the notebooks and asked for help from anyone who has 15 about the case. 1. A. presented B. left C. provided D. abandoned 2. A. satisfied B. interested C. renowned D. devoted 3. A. gifts B. bags C. works D. notebooks 4. A. incident B. amusement C. librarian D. conflict 5. A. covered B. taken C. photographed D. copied 6. A. destroyed B. surviving C. buried D. missing 7. A. hidden B. removed C. stolen D. purchased 8. A. search B. research C. conservation D. trial 9. A. changed B. claimed C. returned D. offered 10. A. belonged to B. led to C. appealed to D. resulted to 11. A. concerned B. embarrassed C. anxious D. relieved 12. A. equal B. home C. reduced D. limited 13. A. balance B. public C. display D. disgrace 14. A. look into B. respond to C. happen to D. prepare for 15. A. contents B. news C. images D. information 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【导语】这是一篇报道。达尔文笔记本在失窃20年后回归剑桥大学。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人在大楼附近留下了一个粉色的礼物袋，上面有一张纸条祝图书管理员复活节快乐。A. presented呈现；B. left留下，离开；C. provided提供；D. abandoned抛弃。根据前文“The Cambridge University Library in Britain received a “gift” in early March. 2022.”可知，有人在大楼附近留下了一个礼物袋。故选B项。 2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：包里是“礼物”：两个小笔记本，来自著名的英国博物学家查尔斯·达尔文，他以《进化论》而闻名。A. satisfied满意的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. renowned著名的；D. devoted投入的。根据后文“for his theory of evolution”及常识，可知达尔文因他的《进化论》而出名。be renowned for表示“因……而出名”。故选C项。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一个笔记本上有一幅著名的画，叫做“生命之树”。A.  gifts礼物；B. bags包；C. works作品；D. notebooks笔记本。根据上文“two small notebooks”可知，礼物袋里面是笔记本，其中一个笔记本上有一幅著名的画。故选D项。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：该大学在周二谈到了这起事件。A. incident事件；B. amusement开心，娱乐；C. librarian图书管理员；D. conflict冲突。此处指剑桥大学谈到了上文提到的“The Cambridge University Library in Britain received a “gift” in early March. ”这件事。故选A项。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：剑桥大学认为这些笔记本是20年前被拿走的。A. covered覆盖，包括；B. taken拿；C. photographed拍照，摄影；D. copied复制。根据后文“ they were taken to be photographed”可知，上次拍照时这写笔记本被拿走了。故选B项。 6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他们被拍照后，人们起初认为他们在大楼内失踪了。A. destroyed被破坏的；B. surviving继续存在的，未死的；C. buried埋藏的；D. missing找不到的，丢失的。根据后文“after searching through 10 million books, maps and documents”可知，人们认为这些笔记本丢了，所以进行了大量的寻找。故选D项。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，在搜索了1000万册书籍、地图和文件后，该大学于2020年向警方报告了笔记本被盗。A. hidden隐藏；B. removed移开；C. stolen偷；D. purchased购买。根据前文“after searching through 10 million books, maps and documents”可知，大学在找不到笔记后，向警察报告说这些笔记本被偷了。故选C项。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：英国调查人员通知了世界各地的警方，并开始搜查。A. search搜索；B. research研究；C. conservation保护；D. trial审判，试验。根据前文“British investigators notified police around the world”可知，警察被通知后，一场搜索开始了。故选A项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，它们被归还时情况良好。A. changed改变；B. claimed声称；C. returned归还；D. offered提供。根据后文“however, in good condition. ”可知，这些笔记本被完好的归还了。故选C项。 10. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这项研究促成了他关于进化论的著作《物种起源》。A. belonged to属于；B. led to导致，通向；C. appealed to吸引；D. resulted to导致。根据前文“Darwin’s notebooks contained writings about his famous trip around the world on the ship H. M. S. Beagle”和后文“his book on evolution called On the Origin of species.”可知，研究促成（导致）了他的《物种起源》。故选B项。 11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：剑桥大学图书管理员杰西卡·加德纳说，看到这些笔记本，她松了一口气。A. concerned关心的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. relieved放心的，宽慰的。根据语境和“But she said her true feelings were profound and almost impossible to adequately express. ”可知，收到丢失了20年的达尔文的笔记本后，该大学的图书管理员非常欣慰。故选D项。 12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该图书馆也是科学家斯蒂芬·霍金和艾萨克·牛顿作品的所在地。A. equal平等的；B. home在主场进行的，国内的；C. reduced减少的；D. limited有限的。根据前文“also”和后文“ the works by scientists Stephen Hawking and Isaac Newton”可知，这个图书馆——Darwin Archive（达尔文档案馆）还专门存放科学家斯蒂芬·霍金和艾萨克·牛顿的作品。be home to意为“为……的所在地”。故选B项。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些笔记本将于今年晚些时候在图书馆的达尔文展上展出。A. balance平衡；B. public公众；C. display展览；D. disgrace耻辱。根据后文“in a Darwin show at the library”可知这些笔记本将会被展出。on display意为“展览”。故选C项。 14. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当地警方表示，他们正在继续调查谁可能拿走了这些笔记本，并向任何了解此案信息的人寻求帮助。A. look into调查；B. respond to对……做出回应；C. happen to碰巧；D. prepare for为……做准备。根据后文“ who may have taken the notebooks”可知，由于这些笔记是谁送来的仍然未知，所以警察们将继续调查。故选A项。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地警方表示，他们正在继续调查谁可能拿走了这些笔记本，并向任何了解此案信息的人寻求帮助。A. contents内容；B. news新闻，消息；C. images图像，形象；信息。D. information。根据前文“ asked for help from anyone”和后文“ about the case”可知，警察将向任何了解此案信息的人寻求帮助。故选D项。 III.书面表达 “杂交水稻之父”袁隆平逝世，享年91岁，这一消息引发了网友集体悼念的浪潮。你校也举办了纪念袁隆平的主题演讲活动，请你写一篇演讲稿，缅怀并致敬伟人。 注意：词数100左右。 参考词汇：杂交水稻 hybrid rice Let the Scientific Spirit Live on ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】范文 Let the Scientific Spirit Live on Dear friends, First of all, let’s offer our deepest sympathies on the death of scientist Yuan Longping. Grandpa Yuan spent his life researching rice and was a household name in China, known as “Father of Hybrid Rice”. Even in his later years, Grandpa Yuan did not stop doing research. He made great contribution to China’s food security and world grain development. I think the best way to memorialize the great scientist is to learn from him, particularly his devotion to his work, and his desire to serve the motherland and the people. Greatness comes out of the ordinary. I believe with a firm ideal in heart and tireless work in action, we, every ordinary person can have an extraordinary life. 【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平逝世，享年91岁，这一消息引发了网友集体悼念的浪潮。你校也举办了纪念袁隆平的主题演讲活动，请你写一篇演讲稿，缅怀并致敬伟人。 【详解】1.词汇积累 被称为：be known as→be referred to as 纪念：memorialize→in honor of 普通的：ordinary→common 非凡的：extraordinary→remarkable 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Grandpa Yuan spent his life researching rice and was a household name in China, known as “Father of Hybrid Rice”. 拓展句：Grandpa Yuan was a household name in China, known as “Father of Hybrid Rice” because he spent his life researching rice. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Grandpa Yuan spent his life researching rice and was a household name in China, known as “Father of Hybrid Rice”. (运用了动名词作宾语) [高分句型2] I believe with a firm ideal in heart and tireless work in action, we, every ordinary person can have an extraordinary life. (运用了省略that的宾语从句) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$