精品解析：广东省梅州市2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

梅州市高中期末考试试卷(2024.7) 高二英语 本试卷共6页，满分130分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案，答案不能答在试卷上。不按要求填涂的，答案无效。考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。 2.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分) 阅读下列三篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A Our school is looking for paid members to sit on the Student Advisory Board for Volunteering. The Board plays an important role in influencing the development and delivery of the volunteering service. Its aim is to find volunteering opportunities for students, teachers at school. Volunteering, which has the potential to create positive social impact, is key to school. The Board will ensure that students’ needs are at the core of the service so that all King’s students can make a difference. This year, the Student Advisory Board for Volunteering’s topics include: ● Volunteering opportunities for the disabled.  ● Promotion of the Board’s service.  ● How to recognize and reward volunteers.  ● Comment on the Board’s work. This is a unique and exciting opportunity open to all students at school, no matter how much or how little you have volunteered. The Board will be run both online and in-person, and board members will be paid the London Living Wage (£11.95 per hour) via King’s TalentBank. The application deadline is 23:59 on Friday, 31st March 2023. Apply via the form below, using your school email address. 1. What does the Board aim to do for those at school? A. Perform voluntary work. B. Discover volunteering chances. C. Provide learning opportunities. D. Meet their academic needs. 2. Which of the following is a possible topic for this year’s arrangement? A Comment on the Board’s performance. B. Training voluntary workers. C Running the Board online. D. Taking care of people with disabilities. 3. Who can apply to be a member of the Board at King’s? A. The teachers. B. The students. C. The graduates. D. The working staff. B My Biggest Challenge As a writer on an adventure sports magazine, I’d always fought shy of doing the adventurous stuff myself, preferring instead to observe the experts from a safe distance and relay their experiences to readers in the form of written language. Thus, when I was challenged to take part in a mountain climb in aid of raising money for charity — and to write about it afterwards — I was unwilling, to say the least. I was lucky enough to have a brilliant climbing coach called Keith, who put me through my paces after my daily work. He gave me knowledge about everything from the importance of building muscle groups to how to avoid tiredness through nutrition. It quickly became apparent that the mechanics of climbing were more complex than I had imagined. There was the equipment and techniques I’d never even heard of, all of which would come in handy on the snow-capped peak I’d be climbing. Aware of the challenge, Keith made a detailed action plan and I forced myself to stick to it, doing a daily workout at the gym and going on hikes with a heavy pack. I perfected my technique on the climbing wall and even went to climb the mountains to get vital experience. My self-belief increased alongside my muscle power and I became confident about finishing the climb. All too soon I was on a plane to my destination. On that day, when I looked up at the mountain, I thought of abandoning it. But then I remembered all the hard work I’d done and how disappointed Keith would be if I gave up at the last minute-not to mention letting down the charity and the sense of failure I’d experience myself. With a deep breath I gathered my equipment and headed out into the sunshine to meet the rest of the group. And as I sit here now, tapping away on my laptop, I’m amazed at the details in which I can recall every second of the climb: the burning muscles, the tiredness, the minor problems along the way. Could I have been better prepared? Possibly. Would I be back for another go? Thankfully not. The feeling of being excited when I stood on top of the world is a never-to-be-repeated experience but one I will enjoy forever nevertheless. 4. At the beginning of the activity, the author revealed his ______. A. disappointment in the coming adventure. B. expectation of writing about his experience. C. lack of enthusiasm for the challenge he’d been offered. D. curiosity about taking part in the mountain climb for charity. 5. What did the author realise during his climb training? A. The knowledge about climbing was really confusing. B. The equipment was the key factor to reach the peak. C. Climbing was much more complicated than expected. D. Hard training was far more important than making plans. 6. How did the author feel after he succeeded in climbing the mountain? A. He was relieved that he wouldn’t have to do it again. B. He was well satisfied that he had done his best for it. C. He was surprised that he had managed to complete it. D. He was regretful that it wasn’t as smooth as imagined. C According to new studies, many birds in the Amazon rainforest have become smaller as temperatures have increased. The difference hasn’t been obvious, but it has been significant enough that some scientists have suggested it’s a universal response to climate change. But new research finds that the body size reductions aren’t happening across the board with some large­brained birds having much less significant changes. For the study, researchers studied some data on about 70,000 birds that had died when they crashed into buildings in Chicago from 1978 to 2016. They added data on brain volume and lifespan (寿命) for 49 of the 52 species of migratory birds (候鸟) in the original study. They found that birds with very large brains had reductions in overall body size that were about one­third of the reductions noted in birds with smaller brains. They thought that in birds, the species with big brains are the ones that build tools, manage to survive in tough environments, live longer, invest more time and energy into raising babies, and end up surviving better in the wild. Researchers aren’t certain exactly how warmer temperatures might lead to decreasing body size in birds, but they are considering two possible explanations, which could even be happening at the same time. First, natural selection might be favoring birds that can dissipate heat better. This is because smaller birds have higher ratios (比例) of surface area to volume, so being small can help birds stay cool. Second, warmer summers might have less food available for birds at the time when they are feeding their babies. In that case, birds might be getting smaller because of decreased food over the years. The findings don’t suggest that climate change is having zero impact on bigger­brained birds, but researchers believe these findings can inform us of climate change and help set conservation priorities. 7. How does climate change affect birds? A. Their body size shrinks. B. Their lifespan shortens. C. Their body temperature rises. D. Their brain size expands. 8. How did the scientists do the research? A. By analyzing the bird data. B. By observing the birds dying. C. By studying the bird death rate. D. By clarifying the bird species. 9. Which word can best replace the underlined word “dissipate” in paragraph 5? A. use B. hold C. absorb D. lose 10. What can be the best title for the text? A. Birds’ Body Sizes Vary B. Brain Size Matters for Birds C. Climate changes Sharply D. Temperature Rises Globally 第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between. ____11____We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time. “I adore dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can’t imagine doing anything else with my life.” Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. “Teaching dance is wonderful. _____12_____It’s great to watch them. For many of them, it’s a way of meeting people and having a social life.” ____13____“I can tell you about one young couple,” says Bridges. “They’re learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. ______14______” So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, “Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better._____15_____ I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I’m alive.” A. So why do we dance? B. Dance in the U.S. is everywhere. C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America. D. My older students say it makes them feel young. E. I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired. F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely. G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing. 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 If a cheetah, a wolf and a well-trained human all entered a marathon, who would win? The cheetah would definitely take an early ____16____. The wolf would probably pass the cheetah after a few miles. But at the end of the 26 miles, the human would be the first to cross the ____17____ line. Humans have only two legs but a(n) ____18____ capacity for running. Our powerful lungs give us the stamina needed to run great distances. And because we can sweat, we can control our body ____19____ while we run. Why are we so good at running? Running was necessary for early human ____20____. Of course, we don’t often need to run for survival these days. All the same, running ____21____ to play an important role in human cultures all over the world. Marathon running is perhaps the best-known example of human running ____22____. That is because it is a big business. Millions of people worldwide watch on television as elite runners ____23____ for millions of dollars. And, of course, businesses ____24____ products such as athletic shoes during the competition. How does someone become an elite marathoner? The _____25_____ runners of Kenya seem to have found the answer. Iten is a small farming town in Kenya’s western highlands. It is also home to seven of the world’s top ten marathon winners. Most of them are _____26_____ of the Kalenjin tribe. They tend to have _____27_____ bodies for running. Their slim bodies, long legs and short waists concentrate _____28_____ where a runner needs it most — the legs. And because Iten is 8,000 feet above sea level, the Kalenjini _____29_____ an enormous lung capacity. They need it to get oxygen out of the thin air. This gives the Kalenjini an important _____30_____ when they compete in races at lower altitude. 16. A. end B. lead C. start D. jump 17. A. finish B. parallel C. boundary D. vertical 18. A. limited B. reduced C. intelligent D. incredible 19. A. balance B. performance C. temperature D. guard 20. A. conflict B. spirit C. prosperity D. survival 21. A. fails B. ceases C. continues D. declines 22. A. innovation B. history C. speed D. culture 23. A. pay B. account C. compete D. search 24 A. promote B. purchase C. award D. restrict 25. A. backward B. stubborn C. responsible D. legendary 26. A. guests B. members C. coaches D. referees 27. A. ideal B. fragile C. rigid D. flexible 28. A. attention B. resilience C. power D. oxygen 29. A. release B. develop C. calculate D. devise 30 A. edge B. inspiration C. impression D. obstacle 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The need for speed is so deeply rooted in modern society that we often forget to press pause and think about the things that get____31____(good)with time: antiques, aged wine, long-term relationships and expertise over the years. Peking Opera is a slow process too. An often-repeated saying goes as follows: Three minutes on stage,10 years____32____ stage. It’s meant as a nod to its demanding nature and a reminder of its high standards that ensure that any performance____33____(do)the way the forefathers wanted it. Peking Opera is demanding because of the extensive list of skills it____34____(require).A performer is an actor, singer, dancer, acrobat, mime and martial artist all rolled into one. They’re also expected____35____(apply) delicate make-up, put on heavy costumes and,____36____ (depend)on their character, perform on stage in 15cm platform shoes. There is so much to take in____37____disciples(学徒)usually start their career as young children，spending years conditioning their bodies and minds for the stage. So what chance does____38____theatre beginner with little patience and zero flexibility like me stand against Peking Opera? Do I have what it takes to put on a____39____(success) show? There’s only one way to find out: I’m rolling up my sleeves and training under the_____40_____(guide)of senior stage masters in the field. 第四部分 写作(共五节，满分70分) 第一节 词汇运用(共10小题;每题1分，满分10分) 根据括号里所给的单词或中文提示，写出句子中所空缺的单词的正确形式。 41. When you get off the bus, do not forget to take all your ______ (belong).(所给词的适当形式填空) 42. In the face of his physical ______ (disable), the little boy doesn’t lose heart. (所给词的适当形式填空) 43. The poem is about the dream of a world free of ______ (race) prejudice. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44. What do you usually do to get ______ (refresh) when you are tired or stressed out? (所给词的适当形式填空) 45. It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a ______ (dust) track covered in weeds. (所给词的适当形式填空) 46. They have a ______ (坦率的) and free-and-easy attitude towards life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. To reach the goal of change, a person must show some ______ (自制力). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. These land and sea routes remained active ______ (航道) between other cultures for centuries. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. Governments need to consider making ______ (政策) and taking appropriate actions and measures. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. The ______(女售货员) was rude to her, so she rang the robot and told him she was being treated badly. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第二节 完成句子(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据句意和中文提示，用所学短语的正确形式完成句子。 51. 生活由许多要素组成，如家庭、朋友、学习、工作、娱乐等。 Life ______ many elements, such as family, friends, study, work, entertainment, and so on. 52. 人类应该学会与动物和谐相处。 Humans should learn to live ______ animals. 53. 昨天我从亲身经历中得出结论：有志者，事竟成。 Yesterday I ______ from my own experience that where there is a will there is a way. 54. 20分钟以后这艘船将起航前往海南。 The ship will ______ and head for Hainan in twenty minutes. 55. 过去在农村，寒冷的日子里，人们会生火取暖。 In the past in the countryside, people would ______ to keep warm on cold days. 第三节 课文默写(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据中文意思，把对应的课文英语句子默写出来。 56. 科学课是我最具挑战性的科目，因为我的学生没有做实验的概念。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 57. 对年轻人来说，有大量的时间可以改变不良习惯。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 58. 托尼高大英俊，头发顺滑，嗓音低沉，不过他的面部表情始终不变。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 59. 他们的友善和热情让我无论走到哪里都有宾至如归的感觉。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 60. 我今年19岁，身体健康，精力充沛。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 第四节 书面表达(共1小题;满分15分) 61. 假定你是李华。你校将举办主题为“困境与勇气”(Adversity and Courage)的英语演讲比赛。请给你校的交换生Larry写封邮件，邀请他参赛，内容包括：1.发出邀请；2.比赛信息；3.表达期待。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Larry, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 第五节 读后续写(满分25分) 62. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When Dylan was just seven years old, he moved to the United States with his mother, Khadine, and his twin younger brothers. The family hoped that their new home would allow them to start over and find success. However, their dream didn’t work out exactly as they imagined it would. Life as a single mother supporting three kids is incredibly difficult, but Khadine had a particularly difficult time after her twin sons had been diagnosed with serious heart conditions. As a result, the boys suffered from dangerous symptoms and required 24-hour care. As Khadine had to work three jobs to support her family financially, it became Dylan’s responsibility to look after his young brothers. To relieve Mom’s stress, Dylan also found a part-time job at a recreation center. While Dylan never considered his family to be a burden to him, seeing his mother and brothers become vulnerable (脆弱的) made him determined to plan his future out correctly. He believed education was the only way out of their struggle, so he made a promise to his mother that he would be the first one in the family to go to college. For that promise, Dylan made use of each and every minute to study while taking care of his brothers. He soon became an honor student at Henry High School and took several advanced classes to keep his grades up. The College of New Jersey was his top choice. He was determined to put that admission letter in his mother’s hands. However, weeks before Dylan’s college entrance exam, both his family and his determination were tested again when Khadine fell ill and was unable to work for a while. Soon, the bills became unmanageable and the landlord evicted (驱逐) Dylan’s family after Khadine couldn’t pay the rent. The family had no choice but to live in the shelter. The place wasn’t an ideal place to study. It was often noisy and crowded, and the lights would go out at a certain time after 11 p.m. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 But Dylan continued to follow his dream. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Weeks after his application an envelope carrying good news arrived. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 梅州市高中期末考试试卷(2024.7) 高二英语 本试卷共6页，满分130分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案，答案不能答在试卷上。不按要求填涂的，答案无效。考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。 2.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分) 阅读下列三篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A Our school is looking for paid members to sit on the Student Advisory Board for Volunteering. The Board plays an important role in influencing the development and delivery of the volunteering service. Its aim is to find volunteering opportunities for students, teachers at school. Volunteering, which has the potential to create positive social impact, is key to school. The Board will ensure that students’ needs are at the core of the service so that all King’s students can make a difference. This year, the Student Advisory Board for Volunteering’s topics include: ● Volunteering opportunities for the disabled.  ● Promotion of the Board’s service.  ● How to recognize and reward volunteers.  ● Comment on the Board’s work. This is a unique and exciting opportunity open to all students at school, no matter how much or how little you have volunteered. The Board will be run both online and in-person, and board members will be paid the London Living Wage (£11.95 per hour) via King’s TalentBank. The application deadline is 23:59 on Friday, 31st March 2023. Apply via the form below, using your school email address. 1. What does the Board aim to do for those at school? A. Perform voluntary work. B. Discover volunteering chances. C. Provide learning opportunities. D. Meet their academic needs. 2. Which of the following is a possible topic for this year’s arrangement? A. Comment on the Board’s performance. B. Training voluntary workers. C. Running the Board online. D. Taking care of people with disabilities. 3. Who can apply to be a member of the Board at King’s? A. The teachers. B. The students. C. The graduates. D. The working staff. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦国王学院志愿服务给学生，老师和其他工作人员提供做志愿者的机会。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Its aim is to find volunteering opportunities for students, teachers at school.(其目的是为学校的学生、教师寻找志愿服务机会)”可知，委员会的目标是给学生、老师提供做志愿者的机会。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四个黑点后面的内容“Comment on the Board’s work.(对委员会工作的评价)”可知，“对委员会的工作进行评估”可能是今年议程的话题之一。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“This is a unique and exciting opportunity open to all studying at school, no matter how much or how little you have volunteered.(这是一个独特而令人兴奋的机会，向所有在国王学院学习的人开放，不管你自愿参加的次数有多少)”可知，国王学院的学生们可以申请成为国王学院董事会成员。故选B。 B My Biggest Challenge As a writer on an adventure sports magazine, I’d always fought shy of doing the adventurous stuff myself, preferring instead to observe the experts from a safe distance and relay their experiences to readers in the form of written language. Thus, when I was challenged to take part in a mountain climb in aid of raising money for charity — and to write about it afterwards — I was unwilling, to say the least. I was lucky enough to have a brilliant climbing coach called Keith, who put me through my paces after my daily work. He gave me knowledge about everything from the importance of building muscle groups to how to avoid tiredness through nutrition. It quickly became apparent that the mechanics of climbing were more complex than I had imagined. There was the equipment and techniques I’d never even heard of, all of which would come in handy on the snow-capped peak I’d be climbing. Aware of the challenge, Keith made a detailed action plan and I forced myself to stick to it, doing a daily workout at the gym and going on hikes with a heavy pack. I perfected my technique on the climbing wall and even went to climb the mountains to get vital experience. My self-belief increased alongside my muscle power and I became confident about finishing the climb. All too soon I was on a plane to my destination. On that day, when I looked up at the mountain, I thought of abandoning it. But then I remembered all the hard work I’d done and how disappointed Keith would be if I gave up at the last minute-not to mention letting down the charity and the sense of failure I’d experience myself. With a deep breath I gathered my equipment and headed out into the sunshine to meet the rest of the group. And as I sit here now, tapping away on my laptop, I’m amazed at the details in which I can recall every second of the climb: the burning muscles, the tiredness, the minor problems along the way. Could I have been better prepared? Possibly. Would I be back for another go? Thankfully not. The feeling of being excited when I stood on top of the world is a never-to-be-repeated experience but one I will enjoy forever nevertheless. 4. At the beginning of the activity, the author revealed his ______. A. disappointment in the coming adventure. B. expectation of writing about his experience. C. lack of enthusiasm for the challenge he’d been offered. D. curiosity about taking part in the mountain climb for charity. 5. What did the author realise during his climb training? A. The knowledge about climbing was really confusing. B. The equipment was the key factor to reach the peak. C. Climbing was much more complicated than expected. D. Hard training was far more important than making plans. 6. How did the author feel after he succeeded in climbing the mountain? A. He was relieved that he wouldn’t have to do it again. B. He was well satisfied that he had done his best for it. C. He was surprised that he had managed to complete it. D. He was regretful that it wasn’t as smooth as imagined. 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者被要求参加一次为慈善筹款的爬山活动，内心很不情愿。在经过训练后，作者成功爬上了山顶，作者很兴奋，但依然庆幸自己以后再也不用爬山了。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Thus, when I was challenged to take part in a mountain climb in aid of raising money for charity — and to write about it afterwards — I was unwilling, to say the least. (因此，当我被要求参加一次为慈善筹款的爬山活动，并在活动结束后将其写下来时，至少可以说，我是不愿意的)”可知，在活动一开始，作者就表现出了对所接受的挑战缺乏热情。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“It quickly became apparent that the mechanics of climbing were more complex than I had imagined. (很快我就发现攀岩的技巧比我想象的要复杂得多)”可知，在他的攀岩训练中，作者意识到攀岩比预想的要复杂得多。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后三句“Would I be back for another go? Thankfully not. The feeling of being excited when I stood on top of the world is a never-to-be-repeated experience but one I will enjoy forever nevertheless. (我会再来一次吗？值得庆幸的是没有。当我站在世界之巅时那种兴奋的感觉是一种永远不会重复的经历，但我将永远享受这种感觉)”可知，成功地爬上了那座山后，作者很欣慰他不用再这样做了。故选A。 C According to new studies, many birds in the Amazon rainforest have become smaller as temperatures have increased. The difference hasn’t been obvious, but it has been significant enough that some scientists have suggested it’s a universal response to climate change. But new research finds that the body size reductions aren’t happening across the board with some large­brained birds having much less significant changes. For the study, researchers studied some data on about 70,000 birds that had died when they crashed into buildings in Chicago from 1978 to 2016. They added data on brain volume and lifespan (寿命) for 49 of the 52 species of migratory birds (候鸟) in the original study. They found that birds with very large brains had reductions in overall body size that were about one­third of the reductions noted in birds with smaller brains. They thought that in birds, the species with big brains are the ones that build tools, manage to survive in tough environments, live longer, invest more time and energy into raising babies, and end up surviving better in the wild. Researchers aren’t certain exactly how warmer temperatures might lead to decreasing body size in birds, but they are considering two possible explanations, which could even be happening at the same time. First, natural selection might be favoring birds that can dissipate heat better. This is because smaller birds have higher ratios (比例) of surface area to volume, so being small can help birds stay cool. Second, warmer summers might have less food available for birds at the time when they are feeding their babies. In that case, birds might be getting smaller because of decreased food over the years. The findings don’t suggest that climate change is having zero impact on bigger­brained birds, but researchers believe these findings can inform us of climate change and help set conservation priorities. 7. How does climate change affect birds? A. Their body size shrinks. B. Their lifespan shortens. C. Their body temperature rises. D. Their brain size expands. 8. How did the scientists do the research? A. By analyzing the bird data. B. By observing the birds dying. C. By studying the bird death rate. D. By clarifying the bird species. 9. Which word can best replace the underlined word “dissipate” in paragraph 5? A. use B. hold C. absorb D. lose 10. What can be the best title for the text? A. Birds’ Body Sizes Vary B. Brain Size Matters for Birds C. Climate changes Sharply D. Temperature Rises Globally 【答案】7. A 8. A 9. D 10. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述根据新的研究，随着气温升高，亚马逊雨林中的许多鸟类体型变小了，但是体型的缩小并不是全面发生的，一些脑容量较大的鸟类的变化要小得多。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“According to new studies, many birds in the Amazon rainforest have become smaller as temperatures have increased.(根据新的研究，随着气温升高，亚马逊雨林中的许多鸟类体型变小了)”可知，气候变化使鸟的体型缩小了。故选A项。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的“For the study, researchers studied some data on about 70,000 birds that had died when they crashed into buildings in Chicago from 1978 to 2016.(在这项研究中，研究人员研究了1978年至2016年期间芝加哥约7万只鸟类撞楼死亡的数据)”可知，科学家们是通过分析有关鸟类的数据来做这项研究的，故选A项。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词后一句“This is because smaller birds have higher ratios (比例) of surface area to volume, so being small can help birds stay cool.(这是因为较小的鸟类表面积与体积的比例更高，所以体型小可以帮助鸟类保持凉爽)”可知，保持凉爽就是可以更好地散热，由此可推知，划线词所在的句子意思是“自然选择可能偏爱那些能够更好地散热的鸟类”，dissipate意思是“使……消散”，和lose意思相近，故选D项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“According to new studies, many birds in the Amazon rainforest have become smaller as temperatures have increased.(根据新的研究，随着气温升高，亚马逊雨林中的许多鸟类体型变小了)”和第二段“But new research finds that the body size reductions aren’t happening across the board with some large-brained birds having much less significant changes.(但新的研究发现，体型的缩小并不是全面发生的，一些脑容量较大的鸟类的变化要小得多)”可知，本文主要讲的是根据新的研究，随着气温升高，亚马逊雨林中的许多鸟类体型变小了，但是体型的缩小并不是全面发生的，一些脑容量较大的鸟类的变化要小得多，因此B项“Brain Size Matters for Birds(鸟类的大脑大小很重要)”适合作为文章标题，故选B项。 第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between. ____11____We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time. “I adore dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can’t imagine doing anything else with my life.” Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. “Teaching dance is wonderful. _____12_____It’s great to watch them. For many of them, it’s a way of meeting people and having a social life.” ____13____“I can tell you about one young couple,” says Bridges. “They’re learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. ______14______” So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, “Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better._____15_____ I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I’m alive.” A. So why do we dance? B. Dance in the U.S. is everywhere. C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America. D. My older students say it makes them feel young. E. I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired. F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely. G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing. 【答案】11. B 12. D 13. A 14. F 15. E 【解析】 【分析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了跳舞的好处。 【11题详解】 根据后文We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time. 等可知，这里是说在美国到处有人跳舞，从佛罗里达到阿拉斯加，从北到南等，故选B。 【12题详解】 根据前文舞蹈课为各个年龄阶段的人架起了桥梁，教跳舞是非常好的，再根据后句it’s great to watch them，根据人称可知是在谈论他们，所以D和F符合，再根据本段最后一句可知，此段主要介绍了跳舞对他们的好处，故选D。 【13题详解】 根据第四段后句，是通过举例介绍人们跳舞的原因，故选A。 【14题详解】 根据前句they arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile, 所以他们的心情彻底改变，故选F。 【15题详解】 根据文章前后句可知，此处人称为第一人称，所以E符合语境，作者结合自己的跳舞经历介绍了跳舞给自己带来的好处。 【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。在本文中，第2小题中的“them”，第5小题中的“I”，第1小题中的from Florida to Alaska，均与上下文或选项中有相呼应的词语。 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 If a cheetah, a wolf and a well-trained human all entered a marathon, who would win? The cheetah would definitely take an early ____16____. The wolf would probably pass the cheetah after a few miles. But at the end of the 26 miles, the human would be the first to cross the ____17____ line. Humans have only two legs but a(n) ____18____ capacity for running. Our powerful lungs give us the stamina needed to run great distances. And because we can sweat, we can control our body ____19____ while we run. Why are we so good at running? Running was necessary for early human ____20____. Of course, we don’t often need to run for survival these days. All the same, running ____21____ to play an important role in human cultures all over the world. Marathon running is perhaps the best-known example of human running ____22____. That is because it is a big business. Millions of people worldwide watch on television as elite runners ____23____ for millions of dollars. And, of course, businesses ____24____ products such as athletic shoes during the competition. How does someone become an elite marathoner? The _____25_____ runners of Kenya seem to have found the answer. Iten is a small farming town in Kenya’s western highlands. It is also home to seven of the world’s top ten marathon winners. Most of them are _____26_____ of the Kalenjin tribe. They tend to have _____27_____ bodies for running. Their slim bodies, long legs and short waists concentrate _____28_____ where a runner needs it most — the legs. And because Iten is 8,000 feet above sea level, the Kalenjini _____29_____ an enormous lung capacity. They need it to get oxygen out of the thin air. This gives the Kalenjini an important _____30_____ when they compete in races at lower altitude. 16. A. end B. lead C. start D. jump 17. A. finish B. parallel C. boundary D. vertical 18. A. limited B. reduced C. intelligent D. incredible 19 A. balance B. performance C. temperature D. guard 20. A. conflict B. spirit C. prosperity D. survival 21. A. fails B. ceases C. continues D. declines 22. A. innovation B. history C. speed D. culture 23. A. pay B. account C. compete D. search 24. A. promote B. purchase C. award D. restrict 25. A. backward B. stubborn C. responsible D. legendary 26. A. guests B. members C. coaches D. referees 27. A. ideal B. fragile C. rigid D. flexible 28. A. attention B. resilience C. power D. oxygen 29. A. release B. develop C. calculate D. devise 30. A. edge B. inspiration C. impression D. obstacle 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. D 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，人类有着令人难以置信的奔跑能力，跑步仍然在世界各地的人类文化中发挥着重要作用，并以马拉松为例进行说明什么造就了精英马拉松选手。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：猎豹肯定会提前取得领先。A. end结束；B. lead(竞赛中的)领先地位；C. start开始；D. jump跳跃。由上文的“If a cheetah, a wolf and a well-trained human all entered a marathon, who would win? (如果一只猎豹、一只狼和一个训练有素的人类都参加了马拉松比赛，谁会赢？)”和常识可知，猎豹速度快，肯定会提前取得领先。故选B项。 【17题详解】 考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：但在26英里的终点，人类将是第一个冲过终点线的人。A. finish最后部分；B. parallel平行的；C. boundary边界；D. vertical垂直的。由上文的“But at the end of the 26 miles”可知，猎豹和狼速度虽快，但比赛最后人类将会第一个冲过终点线（finish line）。故选A项。 【18题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人类只有两条腿，但却有着令人难以置信的奔跑能力。A. limited有限的；B. reduced减少的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. incredible难以置信的。由上文语境可知，猎豹和狼速度虽快，但比赛最后人类将会第一个冲过终点线，可得出人类的奔跑能力令人难以置信。故选D项。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我们可以出汗，所以我们可以在跑步时控制体温。A. balance平衡；B. performance表现；C. temperature温度；D. guard警卫。由上文的“we can sweat”可知，跑步出汗是为了控制体温。故选C项。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：跑步是人类早期生存所必需的。A. conflict冲突；；B. spirit精神；C. prosperity繁荣；D. survival生存。呼应下文的“Of course, we don’t often need to run for survival these days. (当然，现在我们并不经常需要为了生存而奔跑)”讲人类早期为生存而跑步。故选D项。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，跑步仍然在世界各地的人类文化中发挥着重要作用。A. fails失败；B. ceases停止；C. continues继续；D. declines减少。由下文的“Marathon running is perhaps the best-known example of human running ____7____. (马拉松也许是人类跑步____7____中最著名的例子)”和“Millions of people worldwide watch on television as elite runners (全世界数百万人在电视上观看精英马拉松跑步者)”可知，跑步在世界各地的人类文化中继续发挥着重要作用。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：马拉松也许是人类跑步文化中最著名的例子。A. innovation创新；B. history历史；C. speed速度；D. culture文化。呼应上文的“All the same, running ____6____ to play an important role in human cultures all over the world. (尽管如此，跑步仍然在世界各地的人类文化中发挥着重要作用)”，以马拉松为例，讲跑步在世界各地的人类文化中继续发挥着重要作用。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：全世界数百万人在电视上观看精英马拉松跑步者争夺数百万美元的比赛。A. pay支付；B. account认为是；C. compete参加比赛；D. search搜寻。由本处的“as elite runners ____8____ for millions of dollars”可知，精英马拉松跑步者为争夺数百万美元而参加马拉松比赛。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，企业也会在比赛期间推广运动鞋等产品。A. promote推广；B. purchase购买；C. award奖励；D. restrict限制。由本处businesses 和常识可知，企业会在比赛期间推广运动鞋等产品。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：肯尼亚的传奇跑步者似乎已经找到了答案。A. backward向后的；B. stubborn顽固的；C. responsible负责的；D. legendary传奇的。由下文的“Iten is a small farming town in Kenya’s western highlands. It is also home to seven of the world’s top ten marathon winners. (Iten是肯尼亚西部高地的一个农业小镇。这里也是世界十大马拉松冠军中七位的所在地)”可知，肯尼亚拥有许多传奇跑步者。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们大多数是卡伦基尼部落的成员。A. guests客人；B. members成员；C. coaches教练；D. referees裁判。由上文的“It is also home to seven of the world’s top ten marathon winners. (这里也是世界十大马拉松冠军中七位的所在地)”可知，此处指马拉松冠军们大多数是卡伦基尼部落的成员。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卡伦基尼人往往拥有理想的跑步身体。A. ideal理想的；B. fragile脆弱的；C. rigid严格死板的；D. flexible灵活的。由下文的“Their slim bodies, long legs and short waists (卡伦基尼人有苗条的身体、长腿和短腰)”可知，马拉松冠军们大多数是卡伦基尼人，可得出卡伦基尼人往往拥有理想的跑步身体。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们苗条的身体、长腿和短腰将力量集中在跑步者最需要的地方——腿部。A. attention注意力；B. resilience弹力；C. power力量；D. oxygen氧气。由上文语境可知，卡伦基尼人往往拥有理想的跑步身体，善于跑步，可以把身体力量集中在腿部。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于Iten海拔8000英尺，卡伦基尼人的肺活量很大。A. release释放；B. develop发展、(使)成长；C. calculate计算；D. devise设计。由上文的“And because Iten is 8,000 feet above sea level”，下文的“They need it to get oxygen out of the thin air. (他们需要大的肺活量来从稀薄的空气中获取氧气)”和常识可知，高海拔使得人的肺活量变大。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这使卡伦基尼人在低海拔比赛中具有重要优势。A. edge优势；B. inspiration灵感；C. impression印象；D. obstacle障碍。由上文They need it to get oxygen out of the thin air. (他们需要大的肺活量来从稀薄的空气中获取氧气)”可知，卡伦基尼人往往拥有理想的跑步身体，善于跑步，马拉松冠军们大多数是卡伦基尼部落的成员，卡伦基尼人的肺活量很大使他们在低海拔比赛中具有重要优势。故选A项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The need for speed is so deeply rooted in modern society that we often forget to press pause and think about the things that get____31____(good)with time: antiques, aged wine, long-term relationships and expertise over the years. Peking Opera is a slow process too. An often-repeated saying goes as follows: Three minutes on stage,10 years____32____ stage. It’s meant as a nod to its demanding nature and a reminder of its high standards that ensure that any performance____33____(do)the way the forefathers wanted it. Peking Opera is demanding because of the extensive list of skills it____34____(require).A performer is an actor, singer, dancer, acrobat, mime and martial artist all rolled into one. They’re also expected____35____(apply) delicate make-up, put on heavy costumes and,____36____ (depend)on their character, perform on stage in 15cm platform shoes. There is so much to take in____37____disciples(学徒)usually start their career as young children，spending years conditioning their bodies and minds for the stage. So what chance does____38____theatre beginner with little patience and zero flexibility like me stand against Peking Opera? Do I have what it takes to put on a____39____(success) show? There’s only one way to find out: I’m rolling up my sleeves and training under the_____40_____(guide)of senior stage masters in the field. 【答案】31. better 32. off 33. is done 34. requires 35. to apply 36. depending 37. that 38. a 39. successful 40. guidance 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者作为一名京剧初学者对京剧的理解。 【31题详解】 考查比较级。句意：对速度的需求在现代社会中根深蒂固，以至于我们经常忘记按下暂停键，去思考那些随着时间流逝而变得更好的东西：古董、陈年葡萄酒、长期的关系和多年来的专业知识。结合句意可知，用副词的比较级形式。故填better。 【32题详解】 考查介词。句意：人们常说：“台上三分钟，台下十年功。” off stage台下。故填off。 【33题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：这是对其苛刻性质的认可，也是对其高标准的提醒，以确保任何表演都以祖先希望的方式进行。根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时。主语performance与do之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is done。 【34题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：京剧要求很高，因为它需要大量的技巧。根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时。主语为it，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填requires。 【35题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她们还需要化精致的妆，穿上厚重的服装，根据角色的不同，还需要穿着15厘米厚的厚底鞋登台表演。be expected to do sth.被期望做某事。故填to apply。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她们还需要化精致的妆，穿上厚重的服装，根据角色的不同，还需要穿着15厘米厚的厚底鞋登台表演。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词。逻辑主语They与depend之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填depending。 【37题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：舞台剧可以吸收的东西太多了，以至于徒弟们通常从孩童时期就开始了他们的演艺生涯，花数年时间为舞台剧训练自己的身体和思想。so…that…如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句。故填that。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：那么，像我这样缺乏耐心和灵活性的戏剧初学者，能有什么机会反对京剧呢?名词beginner为可数名词，泛指，且theatre发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我具备成功演出的条件吗?修饰名词show，前用形容词形式。故填successful。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：只有一种方法可以找到答案：我卷起袖子，在资深舞台大师的指导下训练。the +名词+ of。under the guidance of在……的指导下。故填guidance。 第四部分 写作(共五节，满分70分) 第一节 词汇运用(共10小题;每题1分，满分10分) 根据括号里所给的单词或中文提示，写出句子中所空缺的单词的正确形式。 41. When you get off the bus, do not forget to take all your ______ (belong).(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】belongings 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：下车时，不要忘了拿好你的随身物品。空处作宾语，表示“随身物品”应填名词belonging，为可数名词，结合语境应用复数形式表示泛指。故填belongings。 42. In the face of his physical ______ (disable), the little boy doesn’t lose heart. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】disability 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：面对身体上的残疾，这个小男孩并不灰心。作介词的宾语，应用名词disability，故填disability。 43. The poem is about the dream of a world free of ______ (race) prejudice. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】racial 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这首诗是关于一个没有种族偏见的世界的梦想。作定语应用形容词，racial prejudice“种族偏见”，故填racial。 44. What do you usually do to get ______ (refresh) when you are tired or stressed out? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】refreshed 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当你累了或压力很大时，你通常会做些什么来恢复精神？空处用于系动词get之后，应用形容词refreshed“恢复精神的，神清气爽的”作表语，符合语境。故填refreshed。 45. It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a ______ (dust) track covered in weeds. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】dusty 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：沿着布满杂草的尘土飞扬的小路，我只花了几分钟就走到了学校。修饰名词track应用形容词dusty，作定语。故填dusty。 46. They have a ______ (坦率的) and free-and-easy attitude towards life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】straightforward 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们对生活的态度坦率而随意。分析句子结构，空白处修饰名词attitude，应使用形容词。根据汉语提示，表示“坦率的”含义的形容词为：straightforward，故填straightforward。 47. To reach the goal of change, a person must show some ______ (自制力). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】discipline 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：为了达到改变的目的，一个人必须表现出一定的自律性。作宾语，根据提示的汉语，表示“自制力”应为discipline，且为不可数名词。故填discipline。 48. These land and sea routes remained active ______ (航道) between other cultures for centuries. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】channels  【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：几个世纪以来，这些陆路和海路一直是交流其他文化的活跃渠道。根据汉语提示可知应用名词channel，根据上文These land and sea routes可知为复数。故填channels。 49. Governments need to consider making ______ (政策) and taking appropriate actions and measures. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】policies 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：政府需要考虑制定政策并采取行动和措施。作宾语，表示“政策”用policy，为可数名词，前面无冠词，此处应用复数表示泛指。故填policies。 50. The ______(女售货员) was rude to her, so she rang the robot and told him she was being treated badly. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】saleswoman##salesgirl 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：售货员对她很粗鲁，所以她给机器人打电话，告诉他她受到了不公正的对待。本句缺少主语，所以空处应填名词作主语，根据所给中文提示词，应是saleswoman或者salesgirl意为“女售货员”，根据谓语动词was可知用单数形式。故填saleswoman/salesgirl。 第二节 完成句子(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据句意和中文提示，用所学短语的正确形式完成句子。 51. 生活由许多要素组成，如家庭、朋友、学习、工作、娱乐等。 Life ______ many elements, such as family, friends, study, work, entertainment, and so on. 【答案】is composed of 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语、时态。分析句子结构，空白处在句中子中做谓语，应使用动词或动词短语，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时。根据汉语提示，表示“由……组成”含义的动词短语为：be composed of，主语是life谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is composed of。 52. 人类应该学会与动物和谐相处。 Humans should learn to live ______ animals. 【答案】in harmony with 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“与……和谐相处”应用in harmony with，为固定搭配，在本句中作状语。故填in harmony with。 53. 昨天我从亲身经历中得出结论：有志者，事竟成。 Yesterday I ______ from my own experience that where there is a will there is a way. 【答案】came to the conclusion 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语及时态。分析句子结构，空白处需要填入一个动词短语作为谓语，根据汉语提示，“得出结论”对应的英文短语为come to the conclusion。根据时间状语Yesterday，句子应该使用一般过去时，因此come要变为过去式came。故填came to the conclusion。 54. 20分钟以后这艘船将起航前往海南。 The ship will ______ and head for Hainan in twenty minutes. 【答案】set sail 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。结合句意“起航”可知短语为set sail，结合will可知为一般将来时。故填set sail。 55. 过去在农村，寒冷的日子里，人们会生火取暖。 In the past in the countryside, people would ______ to keep warm on cold days. 【答案】make a fire 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。结合句意“生火”可知短语为make a fire，且would后跟动词原形。故填make a fire。 第三节 课文默写(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据中文意思，把对应的课文英语句子默写出来。 56. 科学课是我最具挑战性的科目，因为我的学生没有做实验的概念。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Science is my most challenging subject, as my students have no concept of doing experiments. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语、动名词。本句主语为“科学课”应为science，“是我最具挑战性的科目”为系表结构，译为is my most challenging subject，“因为”译为as，引导原因状语从句，“我的学生”译为my students，“没有……的概念”译为have no concept of，为固定短语，“做实验”译为do experiments，在介词of后用动名词作宾语。故翻译为science is my most challenging subject, as my students have no concept of doing experiments. 57. 对年轻人来说，有大量的时间可以改变不良习惯。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句子描述目前事实，应用一般现在时，固定句型there be+n. to do表示“有某事要做”，故“有大量的时间改变不良习惯”可译为there is plenty of time to change bad habits。“对年轻人来说”译为for young people。故翻译为For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits. 58. 托尼高大英俊，头发顺滑，嗓音低沉，不过他面部表情始终不变。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Tony is tall and handsome, with sleek hair and a deep voice, though his facial expression never changes. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和状语从句。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。“高大英俊”翻译为tall and handsome，“托尼高大英俊”翻译为Tony is tall and handsome，“头发顺滑，嗓音低沉”处理为with+名词短语，作状语，“顺滑”为形容词sleek，“头发顺滑”为sleek hair，“嗓音低沉”为a deep voice，故“头发顺滑，嗓音低沉”翻译为with sleek hair and a deep voice，“不过他的面部表情始终不变”为though引导的让步状语从句，“面部表情”翻译facial expression，“始终不变”为never change，“不过他的面部表情始终不变”翻译为though his facial expression never changes，故整句翻译为Tony is tall and handsome, with sleek hair and a deep voice, though his facial expression never changes. 59. 他们的友善和热情让我无论走到哪里都有宾至如归的感觉。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和状语从句。“他们的友善和热情”可译为their friendliness and warmth；动词短语feel at home表示“感到宾至如归”，故“让我有宾至如归的感觉”可译为make me feel at home；“无论走到哪里”可用让步状语从句wherever I go来表达；由句意可知，本句应用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作。故全句译为Their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went。 60. 我今年19岁，身体健康，精力充沛。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I am 19 years old, healthy and energetic. 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词和时态。句子描述现在的客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为I；be动词使用am，表语“19岁”19 years old；“身体健康，精力充沛”应用形容词healthy and energetic，作主语补足语，补充说明主语的状态。故翻译为I am 19 years old, healthy and energetic. 第四节 书面表达(共1小题;满分15分) 61. 假定你是李华。你校将举办主题为“困境与勇气”(Adversity and Courage)的英语演讲比赛。请给你校的交换生Larry写封邮件，邀请他参赛，内容包括：1.发出邀请；2.比赛信息；3.表达期待。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Larry, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Larry, I am writing to invite you to take part in our school's coming English speech contest with the theme “Adversity and Courage”. The contest will take place on May 15th in the school auditorium. Each speaker will have five minutes to present their speech. Prizes will be awarded to the top three speakers, and all participants will receive certificates of participation. We would be thrilled if you could join us and share your story. We believe your participation would not only enrich the event but also encourage others to embrace adversity with courage. Looking forward to your early reply Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给交换生Larry写封邮件，邀请他参加主题为“困境与勇气”(Adversity and Courage)的英语演讲比赛。 【详解】词汇积累 参加：take part in → participate in 即将到来的：coming→ upcoming 呈现：present → deliver 盼望：look forward to→ anticipate 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I am writing to invite you to take part in our school's coming English speech contest with the theme “Adversity and Courage”. 拓展句：I am writing to invite you to take part in our school's coming English speech contest, the theme of which is “Adversity and Courage”. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We would be thrilled if you could join us and share your story.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句） 【高分句型2】We believe your participation would not only enrich the event but also encourage others to embrace adversity with courage.（使用了省略that的宾语从句和 not only...but also... 结构） 第五节 读后续写(满分25分) 62. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When Dylan was just seven years old, he moved to the United States with his mother, Khadine, and his twin younger brothers. The family hoped that their new home would allow them to start over and find success. However, their dream didn’t work out exactly as they imagined it would. Life as a single mother supporting three kids is incredibly difficult, but Khadine had a particularly difficult time after her twin sons had been diagnosed with serious heart conditions. As a result, the boys suffered from dangerous symptoms and required 24-hour care. As Khadine had to work three jobs to support her family financially, it became Dylan’s responsibility to look after his young brothers. To relieve Mom’s stress, Dylan also found a part-time job at a recreation center. While Dylan never considered his family to be a burden to him, seeing his mother and brothers become vulnerable (脆弱的) made him determined to plan his future out correctly. He believed education was the only way out of their struggle, so he made a promise to his mother that he would be the first one in the family to go to college. For that promise, Dylan made use of each and every minute to study while taking care of his brothers. He soon became an honor student at Henry High School and took several advanced classes to keep his grades up. The College of New Jersey was his top choice. He was determined to put that admission letter in his mother’s hands. However, weeks before Dylan’s college entrance exam, both his family and his determination were tested again when Khadine fell ill and was unable to work for a while. Soon, the bills became unmanageable and the landlord evicted (驱逐) Dylan’s family after Khadine couldn’t pay the rent. The family had no choice but to live in the shelter. The place wasn’t an ideal place to study. It was often noisy and crowded, and the lights would go out at a certain time after 11 p.m. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 But Dylan continued to follow his dream. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Weeks after his application, an envelope carrying good news arrived. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: But Dylan continued to follow his dream. During his time at the shelter, Dylan had to go to work at the recreation center after school. He then hurried back to the shelter at 9 p.m. so that he could do his homework for two hours before the lights were off. The noise didn’t bother him as he was focused on his study and the promise that he had made to his mother. All of these had continued until he finally finished the entrance exam and submitted the application to his dream college. Weeks after his application an envelope carrying good news arrived. It was the admission letter from the College of New Jersey! All of Dylan’s hard work proved to be worthwhile. In great excitement, he rushed back to the shelter and handed the letter over to his mother, who cried out of joy. Going through homelessness let the family know that there will always be obstacles, but now with Dylan’s great news, the future looks much brighter than before. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了迪伦和母亲Khadine及双胞胎弟弟一起搬到美国，希望有新的开始，但是生活却过得不如意，双胞胎弟弟有严重的心脏病，Khadine需要打工赚钱，迪伦负责照顾弟弟，迪伦相信教育是他们摆脱困境的唯一出路，所以他向母亲承诺，他将是家里第一个上大学的人，他刻苦学习，但在迪伦大学入学考试的几周前，他家因为付不起房租而不得不住在收容所，但那不是一个学习的好场所。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“但迪伦继续追寻他的梦想。”可知，第一段可描写迪伦如何刻苦学习。 ②由第二段首句内容“申请几周后，他收到了一个信封，里面有好消息。”可知，第二段可描写迪伦考上了大学以及母亲知道后的反应。 2.续写线索：白天工作迪伦——迪伦晚上专心学习——完成入学考试——收到录取通知书——递给母亲通知书——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①专心学习：focus on one’s study/concentrate on one’s study ②完成：finish/complete ③递给某人某物：hand sth. to sb./pass sth. to sb 情绪类 ①激动：excitement/thrill ②高兴：joy/delight 【点睛】[高分句型1] The noise didn’t bother him as he was focused on his study and the promise that he had made to his mother. (由that引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] In great excitement, he rushed back to the shelter and handed the letter over to his mother, who cried out of joy. (由关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$