Unit 3 Family matters 单元限时小卷-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语必修1同步课件 (外研版)

03 单元限时小卷 建议用时：55分钟 1 [吉林省吉林市2024高一期末] According to related new research, tropical cyclones （热带气旋）, from hurricanes to typhoons, are moving more slowly across the globe than they did decades ago, meaning that they get more destructive power and last longer. It may seem like a good thing that cyclones move at a slower speed, but in fact it’s not the case. Although the cyclones are moving slower across the ground, they still get high wind speeds inside, which makes hard rain stay longer over communities. “Nothing good comes out of a slowing storm,” says James Kossin, a climate scientist. “It can increase the amount of time that buildings are suffering strong winds. And it increases rainfall.” According to Kossin’s findings, changing storm patterns（模式）is causing greater destruction in another way. He noted that the translation（平移）speed of global tropical cyclones slowed by an average of 10 percent from 1949 to 2016. The pace of the storms slowed even more as they made landfall in some regions（地区）. In the western North Pacific, it slowed down by nearly a third. That means there will be more time for a storm that may already hold more moisture to drop more of it in each place. 刷阅读理解 2 Basing his research on the details of nearly 70 years’ worth of storms, Kossin did not try to determine the cause of the slowdown. Even so, the change is the expected result of climate change, just as he and other cyclone experts said. Kossin’s work was considered to be “important and new” and “pretty convincing” by Christina Patricola, who has been studying this issue. It is Kossin’s hope that a model（模型）showing which communities are likely to be at the highest danger could be developed by scientists. Given that in some areas, the storms are moving polewards（向极）and gaining in strength as well, places not normally passed by could be affected by unusually heavy rainfall as a result. “These are not good things to be put together,” he says. 刷阅读理解 3 1.Why do cyclones moving more slowly cause more destruction?( ) D A.They get higher wind speeds outside. B.They cause more serious climate change. C.They move polewards at a faster speed. D.They make rain stay longer in a place. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句Although the cyclones are moving slower across the ground, they still get high wind speeds inside, which makes hard rain stay longer over communities.可知，气旋移动速度越慢造成的破坏越大是因为它们内部的风速仍然很高，使雨水在一个地方停留的时间更长。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。根据相关的新研究，热带气旋，从飓风到台风，在全球范围内的移动速度比几十年前要慢，这意味着它们的破坏力更强，持续时间更长。文章对该研究发现进行了详细介绍。 刷阅读理解 4 2.What has Kossin found about the western North Pacific?( ) A A.The speed of the storms there slows more. B.It has much wetter air than other areas. C.It has higher danger of being hit by storms. D.The storms there cause greater damage. 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的He noted that the translation speed of global tropical cyclones slowed by… In the western North Pacific, it slowed down by nearly a third.可知，从1949年到2016年，全球热带气旋移动的速度平均放缓了10%，而在北太平洋西部，风暴的速度下降了近三分之一，这一数据高于百分之十，即科辛发现北太平洋西部的风暴速度减缓得更多。 刷阅读理解 5 3.Why does the author quote Christina Patricola’s words?( ) D A.To attract more attention to research on storms. B.To stress the importance of studying storms. C.To suggest she is a leading scientist in this field. D.To show that Kossin’s work has been recognised. 解析 推理判断题。根据第六段内容可知，一直在研究这个问题的克里斯蒂娜·帕特里科拉认为科辛的研究重要而新颖，且相当有说服力，由此可知，作者引用克里斯蒂娜·帕特里科拉的话是为了表明科辛的工作得到了认可。 刷阅读理解 6 4.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?( ) B A.Agriculture. B.Science. C.Health. D.Education. 解析 推理判断题。通读全文并结合第一段内容可知，本文介绍了关于热带气旋的一项研究发现：热带气旋，从飓风到台风，在地球上移动的速度比几十年前更慢，这意味着它们具有更大的破坏力，而且持续时间更长；这是和科学研究相关的文章，因此，这篇文章可能会出现在报纸的科学版面。 刷阅读理解 7 [山东普高大联考2024高一联合质量测评] Everyone has bad days at work or in studies. For example, you had unexpected trouble with a project you had been working on for weeks.1. . Or you forgot to attend an important meeting on time and missed a good chance. Whatever the reason for your problem, the result is to make you feel more stressed and alone. 2. . According to a research, practising gratitude can help make you happier. The next time you’re feeling troubled by a problem, take a minute and think of someone in your life that you’re grateful to.3. . Why will that make you feel better? Gratitude is often a feeling when someone else does something helpful for you that they don’t need to do.4. . It might be a relative who took care of you when you were little, a guide teacher who helped you out, or a workmate who offered you a great chance. Remember those people who helped you, and knowing why you’re grateful to them has two good points. For one, it gets you to think about something wonderful, which can cheer you up.5. . D A E C F 刷7选5 8 A.In those moments, a little gratitude can help. B.You felt as if only reading could relax yourself. C.All of us have someone in our lives who is helpful. D.You are shouted at rudely by your partners in a discussion. E.Then write a sentence or two about why you feel thankful. F.It also makes you get on well with others so that you don’t feel quite alone anymore. G.There’s a reason why gratitude is always showing up on teabags and in self-help books. 刷7选5 9 1.___ D 解析 根据文章第一句Everyone has bad days at work or in studies.可知，每个人在工作或学习中都会有不顺心的时候。空前一句和空后一句都是人们可能遇到的不顺心的事，设空处应与前后两句并列，也讲述人们遇到的不顺心的事。D项（在讨论中，你的同伴粗鲁地对你大喊大叫）符合语境。 2.___ A 解析 上一段列举了一些不顺心的情况，再结合本段内容可知，本段是说在不顺心的情况下感恩可以让人快乐。A项（在那些时刻，一点感激之情会有所帮助）承接上文，并引出本段叙述的内容。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，研究发现感恩可以让你更快乐。 刷7选5 10 3.___ E 解析 上文The next time you’re feeling troubled by a problem, take a minute and think of someone in your life that you’re grateful to.提到下次当你被问题困扰时，花一分钟想想你生命中值得感激的人，E项（然后用一两句话来说明你为什么心存感激）承接上文，符合语境。 4.___ C 解析 设空处前讲到当有人为你做了一些对你有帮助的事，你会心生感激，下文举例说明生活中可能会帮助你的人。C项（我们每个人的生活中都有乐于助人的人）符合语境，引出下文具体可能有哪些人的例子，且C项中的someone与空后的It相呼应，此处It指代C项中提到的“某个人”。 5.___ F 解析 本段主要介绍了要记住那些帮助过你的人，而且要清楚你感激他们的原因，这样做有两个好处；设空处前的For one引出了其中一个好处，由此可知，设空处应是说明第二个好处，F项（它也会让你和别人相处融洽，这样你就不会再感到孤独了）符合语境，故选F项。 刷7选5 11 [辽宁六校协作体2024高一联考] Although the road to your goal is always full of difficulties, everything is for your wish, as long as you are full of passion and determination. My daughter Alice . .1. . some terrible illness in her early childhood. Luckily, after years of regular treatment, she finally became . .2. .. Two years ago, while watching the Olympics, a dream . .3. . into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. Last summer, she practised hard and finally . .4. . our local swim team. From that day on, Alice kept swimming and didn’t . .5. . a single practice. She had a . .6. . desire within herself to be the best she could be. My ten-year-old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this . .7. . human being with a passion and a mission. There were moments of . .8. . of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race. Alice was upset to . .9. . that she wasn’t a winner ever. But that didn’t . .10. . her from trying. 刷完形填空 12 Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Alice didn’t expect any awards but was still there to cheer on her friends. As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach . .11. ., “The highest honour goes to Alice!” Looking around, he continued, “Alice has inspired us with her . .12. . and enthusiasm. Although skills and talents . .13. . great success, the most valuable asset （有利条件） one can hold is the heart.” It was the greatest . .14. . of my daughter’s life. With all she had . .15. . in her ten years, this was the hour of a true triumph （胜利）. 刷完形填空 13 1.( ) A.looked into B.died of C.suffered from D.got over C 解析 根据空后的some terrible illness in her early childhood和Luckily, after years of regular treatment 可知，此处是指艾丽斯小时候患病。suffer from意为“患有”，符合语境。look into意为“调查”；die of意为“死于”；get over意为“克服”。 2.( ) A.fit B.concerned C.confused D.anxious A 解析 根据空前的Luckily, after years of regular treatment可知，此处指经过几年的定期治疗艾丽斯的病好了，即变得健康了。fit意为“健康的”，符合语境。concerned意为“担心的，关心的”；confused意为“困惑的”；anxious意为“焦虑的”。 3.( ) A.broke B.backed C.turned D.came D 解析 根据下文的to be a swimmer可知，艾丽斯看奥运会时有了成为游泳运动员的梦想，即梦想浮现在脑海中。come into意为“进入”，符合语境。 【语篇导读】本文主要讲述了作者的女儿艾丽斯在儿童时期患有疾病，在病情好转后，她选择游泳，并且坚持不懈地练习。在这个过程中，虽未获得很高荣誉，但她的意志力和热情激励了他人。 刷完形填空 14 4.( ) A.made B.found C.created D.struck A 解析 根据上文的she practised hard and finally及下文的our local swim team可知，经过刻苦训练，艾丽斯最终成功进入当地的游泳队。make意为“（尽力）赶往；到达”，在此语境中表示“成功进入”。 5.( ) A.attend B.start C.ban D.miss D 解析 根据上文的Alice kept swimming及空后的a single practice可知，此处表示艾丽斯坚持练习游泳，没有错过一次训练。miss意为“错过”，符合语境。 6.( ) A.rich B.strong C.weak D.kind B 解析 根据上文语境及下文的to be the best she could be可知，她想成为最好的自己，由此可推出此处表示她内心有一个强烈的愿望。strong意为“强烈的”，符合语境。 刷完形填空 15 7.( ) A.trustworthy B.determined C.experienced D.embarrassed B 解析 根据上文的Alice kept swimming… desire within herself to be the best she could be及空后的with a passion and a mission可知，此处表示艾丽斯成为内心坚定的人。determined意为“坚定的”，符合语境。trustworthy意为“值得信任的”；experienced意为“有经验的”；embarrassed意为“尴尬的”。 8.( ) A.satisfaction B.surprise C.excitement D.disappointment D 解析 根据下文的often she would be the last swimmer in the race可知，她经常是比赛中的最后一名，这是令人失望的事情。disappointment意为“失望”，符合语境。satisfaction意为“满意”；surprise意为“惊讶”；excitement意为“兴奋”。 9.( ) A.realise B.argue C.debate D.decide A 解析 根据上文的often she would be the last swimmer in the race并结合语境可知，艾丽斯失望地意识到自己不会是赢家。realise意为“意识到”，符合语境。debate意为“讨论；辩论”。 刷完形填空 16 10.( ) A.separate B.protect C.prevent D.forgive C 解析 根据上文的 she wasn’t a winner ever和本句表示转折意义的But可知，知道自己不会是赢家的事实并没有阻止艾丽斯继续努力。prevent意为“阻止”，符合语境。separate意为“分开；分离”；protect意为“保护”；forgive意为“原谅”。 11.( ) A.announcing B.explaining C.admitting D.discussing A 解析 根据上文的As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach及下文的“The highest honour goes to Alice!”可知，此处指的是主教练宣布的内容。announce意为“宣布”，符合语境。explain意为“解释”；admit意为“承认；准许进入”；discuss意为“讨论”。 12.( ) A.humour B.will C.honesty D.wisdom B 解析 根据空后的enthusiasm及上文语境中艾丽斯对游泳的坚定不放弃可知，此处应表示她有着坚定的意志。will意为“意志；毅力”，符合语境。humour意为“幽默”；honesty意为“诚实”；wisdom意为“智慧”。 刷完形填空 17 13.( ) A.take B.continue C.near D.bring D 解析 根据语境并结合选项可知，此处表示虽然技能和才能带来巨大的成功，但一个人最宝贵的东西是强大的内心。bring意为“带来”，符合语境。 14.( ) A.discovery B.moment C.influence D.choice B 解析 结合上文主教练宣布的比赛奖励结果，并对比上文介绍艾丽斯之前想成为一个获胜者都很难可知，这是女儿一生中最精彩的时刻。moment意为“时刻”，符合语境。discovery意为“发现”；influence意为“影响”；choice意为“选择”。 15.( ) A.gone across B.gone under C.gone through D.gone about C 解析 根据上下文语境并结合句意可知，此处表示在她十年的经历中，这是真正胜利的时刻。go through意为“经历”，尤其指经历困难时期。go across意为“穿过”；go under意为“叫作”；go about意为“忙于”。 刷完形填空 18 [山西运城2023教学质量监测] Is technology making people lazy? This is quite 1. . interesting question many people might never think of. A famous saying goes that laziness promotes the advancement of technology. In turn, advanced technology makes people become more 2. . （active） after replacing humans to do 3. . they should have done. For example, with the help of robots, people can clean their houses without even 4. . （move） their cigarette ends on the floor. With the 5. . （popular） of computers, the situation is going 6. . bad to worse. Many studies claim that computers make people lazy thinkers and even lower 7. . （they） work efficiency. For example, many people are hopping from one website to another during their work time, having no idea of what they are doing. People choose to offload their memory onto the Internet. This is how the act of storing information to the Internet creates a much 8. .（lazy）brain. an inactive what moving popularity from their lazier 刷语法填空 19 Today most of people are working on computers and laptops, which increases potential health problems, emotional problems 9. . many other problems and 10. . （final） makes people very lazy. Mankind needs to be aware of not becoming the slave of technology. and finally 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了先进的技术使人们变得更懒，同时提醒人类不要成为技术的奴隶。 1.____ an 解析 设空处后的question为可数名词，此处意为“一个非常有趣的问题”，表泛指，应填不定冠词，且interesting的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 2.________ inactive 解析 设空处作表语，根据语境可知，此处应表示“不活跃的”，应填active的反义词，故填形容词inactive。 刷语法填空 20 3.______ what 解析 分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，意为“……的东西/事情”，应用what引导该从句。 4.________ moving 解析 设空处作介词without的宾语，应用动名词。 5.__________ popularity 解析 设空处作With的宾语，且空前有定冠词the修饰，故填名词。popularity为不可数名词。 6.______ from 解析 go from bad to worse为固定搭配，意为“每况愈下；越来越坏”。 7._____ their 解析 设空处修饰其后的名词短语work efficiency，应用形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。 刷语法填空 21 8.______ lazier 解析 根据句意可知，此处表示“一个更加懒惰的大脑”，表比较含义，且空前有修饰形容词比较级的副词much，故填形容词比较级lazier。 9._____ and 解析 分析句子成分可知，health problems、emotional problems和many other problems为并列关系，且句子是肯定句，因此用and连接。 10._______ finally 解析 根据句意可知，设空处表示“最后”，应用副词finally作状语。 刷语法填空 22 [安徽滁州九校2024高一期中联考] 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I had been going through some difficult times not so long ago dealing with the pressures of growing up and trying to communicate with my parents, particularly my mother. Our relationship had suffered because of this. When I got angry, it seemed like we would end up fighting with each other and not talk about what we were really feeling. Luckily, I have solved those problems now after we had a heart-to-heart “talk”. 刷读后续写 23 A while back I ran away from home so that I could be far enough away to cool down. I stayed away for many hours, well into the night, before I finally decided to return home. When I walked through the front door, I immediately saw all the pain, anger and disappointment on my parents’ faces, especially my mother’s. For days to come, my mum and I experienced a lot of suffering. Everything we did or said was filled with tension until we were unable to control our feelings. We knew we badly needed to have a talk. We agreed to have breakfast together the next morning. That morning will remain fresh in my memory forever. It was a turning point. We decided to go to a local café.On our way to the table, I noticed that my mother had two notebooks and some pens. I asked her what they were for. She explained to me that sometimes it was easier to write down our feelings rather than try to talk about them. She then handed me one notebook and she kept the other. The rules for that talk were that she would pick a topic, and we would write down our feelings, and then exchange our notebooks. It could be as long or as short as we wanted. 刷读后续写 24 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 Our first topic was: “Why I am so angry.” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We exchanged our notebooks and read the words.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 刷读后续写 25 【写作提示】 1.材料导读 材料大意 本文主要讲述了作者面对成长的压力，与妈妈的关系变得紧张，因此经常吵架，终于有一次，作者一气之下离家出走。情绪平息后，作者回到家，看到爸爸妈妈也因为自己的行为感到痛苦和困扰，于是作者和妈妈约好一起去吃早餐。妈妈带了两个笔记本和一些钢笔，他们两个针对同一个话题各自写下自己的想法，然后交换着阅读。 故事背景 正值青春期的作者与父母发生矛盾 主要角色 作者、作者的妈妈 写作顺序 时间顺序 需要解决的问题 作者与母亲沟通不畅，因此经常发生矛盾，并为此感到痛苦；利用一起吃早餐的机会解决母子沟通的问题。 刷读后续写 26 2.续写分析 续写第一段（提示句：我们的第一个话题是：“为什么我这么生气。”） 根据第一段提示句可知，本段应该描写作者和妈妈利用笔记本，分别就这个话题写下自己的想法，结合阅读材料中的信息可知，此处可以围绕作者和妈妈的反应进行描写，体现作者站在妈妈的角度，发现了之前从来没有意识到的问题。 续写第二段（提示句：我们交换了笔记本，读了本上写的话语。） 根据第二段提示句可知，作者和妈妈交换了笔记本，本段可以围绕作者和妈妈读对方写的话以及两人的反应展开，两个人通过了解对方的想法，从不同的角度认识了爱与矛盾，最终消除了隔阂。 续写线索 作者和妈妈分别写作——交换阅读——作者和妈妈换位思考——双方认识到愤怒和爱——消除矛盾与隔阂 刷读后续写 27 【参考范文】 Our first topic was: “Why I am so angry.” I wrote a half page, and my mum filled up nearly three pages.I watched tears roll down her face as she wrote.I never realised anyone could hide so much anger.It could have been because I never paid much attention to that, either.Sometimes we think we are the only ones with hurt, but I was reminded that morning that other people can be hurt just as much. We exchanged our notebooks and read the words.As soon as I started reading my mother’s words, I began to cry and so did she. Amazingly enough, it felt like all my anger slowly faded.Our talk helped me realise so many things I had never thought of before, not only about anger but also about love.We knew we loved each other dearly.Since then, our notebooks have been a safe place to express our feelings.Now, we live a healthy life full of peace and love. 刷读后续写 28 稻壳儿 词汇加油站 核心词汇 1.destructive adj.毁灭性的 2.pace n.速度；节奏；步伐 3.unexpected adj.出乎意料的；始料不及的 4.gratitude n.感激之情；感谢 5.cheer sb up使某人振作起来 进阶词汇 given that 考虑到；鉴于 $$