11. 语法填空专题(1) 2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编 (全文翻译+解析)

2024-07-08
| 2份
| 23页
| 2040人阅读
| 38人下载
英语24字整体教学法研究与开发中心
进店逛逛

内容正文:

11. 【全文翻译+解析】——语法填空(1) 2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编 【内容导航】 【整体说明】 【习题精做 全文翻译和解析】 1. (2024年新高考I卷语法填空) 2. (2024年新高考II卷语法填空) 3. (2023年新高考I卷语法填空) 4. (2023年新高考II卷语法填空) 5. (2022年新高考I卷语法填空) 6. (2022年新高考II卷语法填空) 【整体说明】 年份 卷别 有提示词 无提示词 命题趋势 2024 新高考I卷 7 3 从近3年命题看,语法填空有提示词主要为名词、动词、人称代词、形容词等实词: 1. 有提示词(6-8个)的考向主要有:名词的单复数、谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致以及非谓语动词、形容词/副词的级别、词性转换等; 2. 无提示词(2-4个)的考向主要有;介词、冠词、连接词、代词等。 新高考II卷 7 3 2023 新高考I卷 7 3 新高考II卷 6 4 2022 新高考I卷 6 4 新高考II卷 7 3 【全国I卷考点解剖】 考点分布 年份 有提示词 无提示词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 词性转换 代词 冠词 介词 从属连词 并列连词 2024 2 3 2 0 0 1 1 1 2023 1 1 4 0 1 1 1 1 2022 2 2 2 0 1 0 2 1 【习题精做 全文翻译和解析】 1.(2024年新高考I卷) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England. 【译文】 希瑟威克工作室最近在国民信托基金的伍尔贝丁花园的边缘建造了一个温室。这个美丽的建筑,名为温室,是一个新花园的中心,展示了丝绸之路如何在现代影响英国的花园。 最新的工程技术被应用于创造这种同样美丽的保护性功能结构。该设计有十个钢“萼片”由玻璃和铝制成。这些萼片在温暖的日子里开放,给里面的植物阳光和新鲜空气。在寒冷的天气里,该结构会保持关闭,以保护植物。 此外,温室周围的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过受古代丝绸之路的影响,丝绸和许多植物物种第一次来到英国。这些植物包括现代西方人的最爱,如迷迭香,薰衣草和茴香。花园里还有一条蜿蜒的小路,引导游客穿过丝绸之路的12个地区。这条路还为游客提供了300多种植物。 温室在当代作为一个伟大的成就设计,房子中国西南部的植物的路径追溯沿着丝绸之路的植物从他们的本地栖息地在亚洲来定义的丰富的园艺在英格兰。 【说明】 本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室,并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。选自 INHABITAT 2022 年 7 月 26 日一篇名为 Amazi ng greenhouse set near garden influenced by Silk Road 的文章。网址:https://inhabitat.com/amazing-greenhouse-set-near-garden-influenced-by-sil k-road/ 考察点见下表: 有提示词 无提示词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 名词 词性转换 冠词 介词 定语从句 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 【答案】56. engineering 57. functional 58. to give 59. closed 60. walks 61 the 62. favorites 63. as 64. which/that 65. richness 【解析】 56题:考查名词。句意:最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知,空处考查短语engineering techniques,意为“工程技术”,符合句意。故填engineering。 57题:考查形容词。句意:最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure,应用形容词作定语functional,符合题意。故填functional。 58题:考查非谓语动词。句意:温室在温暖日子里开放,利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth. to do sth. 为固定搭配,表示“使用某物去做某事”,所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to give。 59题:考查形容词。句意:然后在寒冷的天气里,这个结构保持关闭,以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语,应用形容词closed,表示“紧闭的”,符合题意。故填closed。 60题:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:此外,围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through,意为“带领某人穿过……”,空处为本句谓语动词,根据上文可知,本句时态为一般现在时,主语the Silk Route Garden为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 61题:考查冠词。句意:亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配:for the first time,意为“第一次”,符合句意。故填the。 62题:考查名词的数。句意:这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可数名词,意为“特别受喜爱的东西”,根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知,空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favorites。 63题:考查介词。句意:Mark Woodruff补充说:“这是当代设计的最高成就,在丝绸之路的尽头,中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场,这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国,定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”根据句意可知,空处指的是“作为”,应用介词as。故填as。 64题:考查定语从句。句意:Mark Woodruff补充说:“这是当代设计的最高成就,在丝绸之路的尽头,中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场,这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国,定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词design,先行词指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 65题:考查名词。句意:Mark Woodruff补充说:“这是当代设计的最高成就,在丝绸之路的尽头,中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场,这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国,定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处与glory并列,应用名词形式richness,作介词of的宾语。故填richness。 2.(2024年新高考II卷) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common ___37___ (theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___39___ Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___42___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the two great writers. ___44___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 【试题说明】 语篇解读 语篇长度 209词 主旨概要 本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏曲家汤显祖与英国戏剧家莎士比亚之间的联系和共同点,并展示了这种联系如何被纪念和展示在莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福德,且说明了这种联系对于提高斯特拉特福德国际知名度的重要性。 语言知识 词汇默写 1. element 2. commemorate 3. contemporary - 4. Romeo and Juliet 5. statue 6. pavilion 词汇答案 1. element - 元素,要素 2. commemorate - 纪念,庆祝 3. contemporary - 当代的,现代的 4. Romeo and Juliet - 罗密欧与朱丽叶(莎士比亚名剧) 5. statue - 雕像,塑像 6. pavilion - 亭子,凉亭 重点短语/句型 happen to do... "Happen to do" 是一个常用的英语短语,用来表示某件事情是偶然发生的,或者某人碰巧做了某件事情。这个短语通常用于描述非计划的或意外的事件。 如: I happened to be at the store when they announced the sale. She happened to mention the idea at the meeting, and it got everyone's attention. I happened to meet an old friend while I was out shopping. 【译文】 为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖,中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。 唐和莎士比亚是同时代的人,两人都死于1616年。莎士比亚出生地信托基金的研究负责人保罗·埃德蒙森说,尽管他们从未相遇过,但他们的作品中有一些共同的主题。唐写的一些东西也是莎士比亚关心的。我碰巧知道唐的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》很相似。” 2017年,一座纪念莎士比亚和唐的雕像在莎士比亚的出生地花园竖立起来。两年后,受牡丹亭的启发,一个6米高的亭子在杉花园建成,距离莎士比亚的出生地步行仅10分钟。 埃德蒙森说,这些文化元素增加了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度。他还说,走过出生地花园的游客经常会惊讶地发现这两位伟大作家之间的联系。 回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版,并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时,Edmondson说:“听到中文,看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的,非常激动人心。” 【说明】 本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏曲家汤显祖与英国戏剧家莎士比亚之间的联系和共同点,并展示了这种联系如何被纪念和展示在莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福德,且说明了这种联系对于提高斯特拉特福德国际知名度的重要性。 【答案】56. who 57. themes 58. were 59. to 60. inspired 61. was built 62. visibility 63. to find 64. Recalling 65. and 【解析】 56题:考查定语从句。句意:为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖,中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词,先行词为“Tang Xianzu”,在非限制性定语从句中担当主语,表示人,用关系代词who引导。故填who。 57题:考查名词的数。句意:莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管Paul Edmondson说,尽管他们从未见过面,但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“there be”句型,为倒装句,根据谓语动词“are”可判断,本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。 58题:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词,根据句意以及定语从句时态可知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语为“some of the things”,复数。故填were。 59题:考查固定短语。句意:“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”固定短语:be similar to,意为“和……相似”,符合句意。故填to。 60题:考查非谓语动词。句意:两年后,一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成,该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程,其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语,被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系,用过去分词形式。故填inspired。 61题:考查时态和语态。句意:两年后,一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成,该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程,其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词,根据时间状语“Two years later”可知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”,单数,和动词“build”之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was built。 62题:考查名词。句意:Edmondson说,这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度,并补充说,游客们穿过故居花园时,常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式,visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。 63题:考查非谓语动词。句意:Edmondson说,这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度,并补充说,游客们穿过故居花园时,常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语,用动词不定式形式。故填to find。 64题:考查非谓语动词。句意:回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版,并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时,Edmondson说:“听到中文,看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的,非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语,主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系,用现在分词形式担当状语;出现在句首,首字母大写。故填Recalling。 65题:考查连词。句意:回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版,并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时,Edmondson说:“听到中文,看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的,非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”为并列结构,用and连接。故填and。 3. (2023年新高考I卷) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____38____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed ____40____ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____42____ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with ____43____ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time. 【译文】 小笼包(汤包),那些精致的饺子皮,包裹着热腾腾的味道,汤汁和甜甜的鲜肉,是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。饺子热气腾腾,热得很危险。吃小笼包的时候,要么先咬一小口,放出热气,汤汁也会随之溢出,把整个小笼包放进嘴里,感受热汤汁在舌尖爆浆的感觉。 上海也许是被认为小笼包的故乡,但食物历史学家实际上会给你指出,邻近的运河小镇——南翔才是小笼包的诞生地。在那里,你会发现它们的准备方式不同——多包子馅,少汤,小笼包的皮是用手压出来的,而不是(用擀面杖)擀出来的。 包括南翔,最好的小笼包外皮很薄,从蒸笼中被取出时不会撕裂或洒出任何他们馅料儿。肉应该是新鲜的,有 点甜,汤应该是热的,清爽又美味。 无论我在哪里买,一笼都稍有够,两笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是吃完之后还想要下次再多吃一点。 【说明】 本文是一篇说明文。人与社会。文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包,讲述了小笼包的美味、发源地,以及制作方法等。 【答案与解析】 56. tasty 考查词性转换。句意:小笼包(汤包),那些精致的饺子皮,包裹着热腾腾的美味汤汁和甜甜的鲜肉,是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。分析句子结构并结合句意可知,该处与hot并列,修饰后面的名词soup,应用taste的形容词形式tasty,意为“美味的”。故填tasty。 57. to bite 考查非谓语动词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,要么先咬一小口,放出热气,汤汁也会随之溢出,要么把整个小笼包放进嘴里,感受热汤汁在舌尖爆浆的感觉。该处构成“whether to do”结构,表示“要么……”,且与后面to put并列。故填to bite。 58. or 考查连词。句意同上。该处构成“whether ... or ...”结构,表示“要么……要么……”。故填or。 59. recognized 考查非谓语动词。句意:上海也许是公认的小笼包的故乡,但食物历史学家实际上会给你指出,邻近的运河小镇——南翔才是小笼包的诞生地。分析句子结构并结合句意可知,空处作定语,修饰名词home。recognize与被修饰词home是逻辑上的动宾关系,应填过去分词recognized作定语,意为“公认的”。故填recognized。 60. by 考查介词。句意:小笼包的皮是用手压出来的,而不是(用擀面杖)擀出来的。该处考查固定搭配“by hand”,意为“用手的;手工的”。故填by。 61. to be lifted 考查非谓语动词。句意:最好的小笼包外皮很薄,从蒸笼中被取出来时不会撕裂或洒出任何馅料儿。根据搭配“allow sb. to do sth.”意为“允许某人做某事”可知,空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语,lift与them是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用动词不定式的被动形式。故填to be lifted。 62. their 考查代词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知,该处修饰后面的名词contents,应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 63. a 考查冠词。句意:肉应该是新鲜的,有点甜,汤应该是热的,清爽又美味。分析句子结构并结合句意可知,该处考查“a touch of sth.”结构,意为“少量某物;一点儿某物”。a touch of sweetness意为“一点点甜;一丝甜”。故填a。 64. rarely 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,该处修饰后面的形容词enough,应用rare的副词形式rarely。rarely enough意为“几乎不够”。故填rarely。 65. wanting 考查非谓语动词。句意:无论我在哪里买,一笼都不够,两笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是吃完之后想下次再多吃一点。分析句子结构可知,这句话中已有谓语动词am left,所以want作非谓语,want与逻辑主语I是主动关系,所以应用want的现在分词形式。故填wanting。 4.(2023年新高考II卷) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals? Since June 2017, right before the ___36___ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___37___ (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English ___38___? Not the pandas, even though ___39___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___40___ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give ___41___ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is ___42___ they need an English trainer. So, what are they learning? ___43___ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ___44___ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I ___45___ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English. 【译文】 每当我告诉别人我在柏林动物园教英语时,我几乎总是受到质疑。在它的背后,这个人试图弄清楚我到底教了谁?···动物? 自2017年6月以来,就在两只新熊猫“梦梦”和“娇庆”到达之前,我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员们更舒适和自信地说英语。他们会和谁说英语呢? 不是大熊猫,尽管医学训练指导中使用的那种语言实际上是英语。他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和经常来检查从中国借来的大熊猫的访问中国动物园管理员交谈。他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。这是为什么他们需要一个英语教练那么,他们在学习什么呢? 总的来说,如何描述能猫的生活。我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展,和看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。在我还是一个小女孩的时候,我希望长大后能成为一名动物园管理员。现在,我通过帮助熊猫饲养员用英语完成他们的工作,间接地实现了这个梦想。 【说明】 体裁:记叙文;主题:人与社会----教熊猫饲养员讲英语;原文出处:杂志《商业聚焦》How do you teach English to pandas? 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语,回应了那些“质疑”的目光。 【答案及解析】 56. arrival 考查名词。句意:从2017年6月开始,就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前,我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知,空前是冠词,空后是介词,所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语,arrive的名词形式是arrival,不可数名词。故填arrival。 57. confident 考查形容词。句意:从2017年6月开始,就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前,我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知,空处和前文的comfortable并列,作并列表语,应用形容词形式,confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。 58. with 考查介词。句意:他们和谁说英语?分析句子结构可知,根据句意此处强调双向交流,应用固定搭配:speak with sb.意为“与某人交谈”。故填with。 59. the 考查冠词。句意:不是熊猫,尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知,此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言,表特指,应用定冠词修饰。故填the。 60. visiting 考查形容词。句意:他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈,这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知,空后是名词,所以空处应填形容词作定语;visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。 61. interviews 考查名词的数。句意:他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知,空前是动词,所以空处应填名词作宾语,interview意为“采访”为可数名词,不止一段采访,应用复数形式。故填interviews。 62. why 考查表语从句。句意:这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知,空处引导表语从句,从句中结构完整,应该用连接副词连接,前文提到需要培训师的原因,此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意,应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 63. Basically 考查副词。句意:基本上,如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰空后整个句子,应该用副词修饰,basic的副词形式是basically位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Basically。 64. and 考查连词。句意:我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展,看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知,“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系,应该用and连接。故填and。 65. wished 考查动词时态。句意:作为一个小女孩,我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知,本句缺少谓语动词,所以wish作本句谓语,和主语I之间是主动关系,根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。 【长难句分析】 原句:Since June 2017, right before the ___56arrival___ of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, 时间状语 I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___57confident___ speaking 主 谓 宾 宾语补足语 English. 句子主干:I have been helping the panda keepers to do sth 原句:They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___60_visiting__ Chinese zookeepers (who often 定语从句修饰先行词zookeepers come to check on the pandas, (which are on loan from China)). 定语从句修饰先行词pandas 句子主干:They talk to A and to B. 5.(2022年新高考I卷) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___1___ (cover)an area about three times ___2___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___3___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___4___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___5___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___6___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___7___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___8___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve ___9___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____10_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 【译文】 中国政府最近最终敲定了建立一个大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。GPNP的占地面积大约是黄石国家公园的三倍大,它将成为美国最早的国家公园之一。该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前没有得到保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区置于一个权力机构之下,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。 经过三年的试点期,GPNP将于明年正式成立。GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产(资产)”的指导原则。GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的连通性,并最终达到预期的野生种群水平。 大熊猫也是一种伞形物种(物种),为中国西南部和西北部的许多动植物带来了保护。GPNP旨在为生活在大熊猫活动范围内的所有物种提供更有力的保护,并显著改善该地区生态系统的健康状况。 【说明】 体裁:说明文;主题语境:人与自然--环境保护(人与动植物);长度201词;本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。中国计划设立大熊猫国家公园,以维护生态系统完整性和原真性,探索生态文明建设新模式,实现人与自然和谐共生。 原文选自期刊 Global Ecology and Conservation。 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351989419307887 【背景知识】 1.Yellowstone National Park:黄石国家公园,由美国国家公园管理局负 责管理。1872年3月1日它被正式命名为保护野生动物和自然资源的国家公园,于1978年被列入《世界遗产名录》的世界自然遗产。 它是世界上第一个国家公园。 2.ecological buffer zone:生态缓冲区,是在城市与重要生态功能区交界地带,以植物为主、发挥一定缓冲作用的过渡区域。其作用是缓解外界压力,防止人为活动对核心区(核心区实行绝对保护,除进行必要的定位观测研究外,不设置和从事任何影响或者干扰生态环境的设施与活动)的影响,保障和促进对核心区生态环境的保护。该区内可进行有组织的科研、考察和教学等工作。 3. umbrella species: 伞护种,指某一物种的生存环境需求能涵盖其他物种的生存环境需求,在对该物种进行保护的同时也能为其他物种提供保护伞。 【语言知识】 【段意梳理】 第一段:大熊猫国家公园计划再扩大。 第二段:大熊猫保护区GPNP设计理念。 第三段:大熊猫保护区也有利于其它生物改善生态系统健康。 【答案】 56. Covering 57. the 58. were 59. to increase 60. is designed 61. and 62. populations 63. eventually 64. as 65. that 【解析】 56题:考查非谓语动词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知,空处应填动词非谓语形式作状语,空处和逻辑主语the GPNP为主动关系,应用现在分词形式作状语,首字母大写。故填Covering。 57题:考查冠词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知,此处考查倍数表达法,即为:倍数+ the size of +比较成份,因此此处应填定冠词the。故填the。 58题:考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知,空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语,先行词为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作主语,根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语要用复数形式。故填were。 59题:考查非谓语动词。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知,空处应填动词非谓语形式作目的状语,故空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to increase。 60题:考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知,空处在句中作谓语,和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系;叙述客观事实,应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态,主语单数,谓语应用单数形式。故填is designed。 61题:考查连词。句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知,空处前后为并列关系,应用并列连词and。故填and。 62题:考查名词。句意:GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知,空处和and后的复数名词homes并列,且在句中作宾语,应用可数名词population ,意为“种群”,且应用复数形式。故填populations。 63题:考查副词。句意:GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知,空处后为动词achieve,空处应用副词作状语修饰动词achieve,结合语意可知,此处意为“最终”,应用副词eventually。故填eventually。 64题:考查介词。句意:大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色,为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。分析句子可知,此处考查固定短语serve as,意为“充当”,故空处应填介词as。故填as。 65题:考查定语从句。句意:该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护,并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。分析句子可知,空处考查引导限制性定语从句的关系词,指代先行词species,指物,在从句中作主语,且先行词前有all修饰,故只能用关系代词that。故填that。 6.(2022年新高考II卷) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___ (fall) child. Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK. ___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV. Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___41___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. He saved my ___44___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___45___ to thank him.” "I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry. 【译文】 亨利·泰勒在周末获得了年度最佳冠军。当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时,他跑了100米,跳过了1.2米高的栅栏,伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。 只有三岁的埃里克·布朗在亨利摔倒时击倒在地。这个男孩在医院里,医生说他会没事的。 布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。在事故发生的那天,她夫人。布朗在工作,埃里克在家和他的父亲在一起。他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。 过了一会儿,艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音,醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上,爬上去看他们。他坚持了几分钟,尖叫喊着他的父亲,但他的父亲没有听到他。 听到尖叫声时,亨利正在修车。他迅速把工具扔到一边,伸出胳膊跑了起来。 他拯救了我儿子的生命。布朗太太说,我不知道如何去感谢他。 【说明】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述的是正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上,即将要掉下来的小孩Eric的故事。 【答案】56. falling 57. The 58. asleep 59. to see 60. accidentally 61. and 62. was fixing 63. threw 64. son's 65. how 【解析】 56题:考查非谓语动词。句意:当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时,他跑了100米,跳过了1.2米高的栅栏,伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词,设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意,fall为动词,意为“掉落”, child和fall之间是主动关系,同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。 57题:考查冠词。句意:布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构,设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏,意为“某某一家人”,the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首,首字母应该大写。故填The。 58题:考查形容词。句意:他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知,设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词,意为“睡觉”,其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配,意为“熟睡的”,asleep符合句意。故填asleep。 59题:考查非谓语动词。句意:过了一会儿,艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音,醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上,爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词,设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意,他要爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们。),故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 60题:考查副词。句意:当他往下看时,不小心滑了一跤,从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词,意为“意外的,失误的”,其副词为accidentally,意为“意外地,失误地”,符合句意。故填accidentally。 61题:考查连词。句意:他坚持了几分钟,尖叫喊着他的父亲,但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写连词,连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意,此处表示并列关系。故填and。 62题:考查动词。句意:听到尖叫声时,亨利正在修车。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams,可知,设空处的动作是正在发生的,同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词,意为“修理”,其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。 63题:考查过去式。句意:他迅速把工具扔到一边,伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构,设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词,意为“扔”,过去时为threw。故填threw。 64题:考查名词所有格。句意:他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意,life与提示词son之间是所属关系,故应该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。 65题:考查特殊疑问词。句意:我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构,设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意,how意为“如何”,符合句意。故填how。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!6 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 11. 【全文翻译+解析】——语法填空(1) 2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编 【内容导航】 【整体说明】 【习题精做 全文翻译和解析】 1. (2024年新高考I卷语法填空) 2. (2024年新高考II卷语法填空) 3. (2023年新高考I卷语法填空) 4. (2023年新高考II卷语法填空) 5. (2022年新高考I卷语法填空) 6. (2022年新高考II卷语法填空) 【整体说明】 年份 卷别 有提示词 无提示词 命题趋势 2024 新高考I卷 7 3 从近3年命题看,语法填空有提示词主要为名词、动词、人称代词、形容词等实词: 1. 有提示词(6-8个)的考向主要有:名词的单复数、谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致以及非谓语动词、形容词/副词的级别、词性转换等; 2. 无提示词(2-4个)的考向主要有;介词、冠词、连接词、代词等。 新高考II卷 7 3 2023 新高考I卷 7 3 新高考II卷 6 4 2022 新高考I卷 6 4 新高考II卷 7 3 【习题精做 全文翻译和解析】 1.(2024年新高考I卷) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England. 2.(2024年新高考II卷) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common ___37___ (theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___39___ Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___42___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the two great writers. ___44___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 3. (2023年新高考I卷) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____38____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed ____40____ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____42____ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with ____43____ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time. 4.(2023年新高考II卷) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals? Since June 2017, right before the ___36___ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___37___ (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English ___38___? Not the pandas, even though ___39___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___40___ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give ___41___ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is ___42___ they need an English trainer. So, what are they learning? ___43___ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ___44___ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I ___45___ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English. 5.(2022年新高考I卷) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___1___ (cover)an area about three times ___2___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___3___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___4___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___5___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___6___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___7___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___8___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve ___9___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____10_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 6.(2022年新高考II卷) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___ (fall) child. Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK. ___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV. Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___41___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. He saved my ___44___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___45___ to thank him.” "I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!6 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

资源预览图

11. 语法填空专题(1) 2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编 (全文翻译+解析)
1
11. 语法填空专题(1) 2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编 (全文翻译+解析)
2
11. 语法填空专题(1) 2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编 (全文翻译+解析)
3
所属专辑
相关资源
示范课
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。