专题02 说明文阅读-《2024年中考真题+模拟全练》（湖南专用）

专题02 阅读理解之说明文阅读 考点速览 2024年考情分析 命题趋势 1.考查考生阅读、理解、归纳概括、逻辑推理以及对材料的综合评估能力等。 2.考查微技能：细节理解、推理判断、词(组)义猜测、主旨大意、标题归纳、数字计算、写作意图等。 1.2024湖南省卷BC篇说明文采用的是研究科普类说明文；考察题型有细节理解题；词义猜测题；段落大意题；主旨题 2. 2024湖南长沙卷B篇说明文采用的是科普说明文；考察题型有细节理解题；观点态度题；主旨大意题 1细节理解:通过题干的关键词，在文中找到相关信息，仔细对比(尤其是同义词转换)，找到正确答案。 2.句意理解:长难句或复杂句型是关键。首先找到句子主干，然后分析重要词语意义(特别是过渡词)，最后整体理解句子。 3.段落大意:考生根据字面意思，通过逻辑关系，研究细节，推敲作者的态度，理解文章寓意;一般不出现绝对概念。 4.词义猜测:词组或者句子含义的能考查考生在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某一生词，这些词或词组往往超出考纲范围。一般利用上下文线索、语法知识、上下文逻辑、构词法和常识等猜测词义。 2024年湖南省卷 B Would you be able to sleep with one eye open? Bottlenose dolphins(宽吻海豚)can. When they sleep, onlyhalf of their brain goes to sleep. They sleep with one eye open to stay safe. Half of their brain sleeps for about twohours before the other half of their brain gets a chance to sleep. Sometimes, the dolphins will keep swimming whilethey are sleeping. Dolphins are not fish-they are mammals(哺乳动物). These mammals have lungs(肺). And they don't havegills(l) like fish. They are also warm-blooded and have to go to the surface ofthe water to get air in to their lungsDolphins don't lay eggs. Their young are born alive, and they drink milk from their mothers.Dolphins are one of the smartest animals in the world. There are many stories about how they save people outof water. They are able to solve many problems like humans. They can even use tools to catch fish. But theircleverness doesn't end there. Dolphins can also pass on anything they learn to other dolphins, like interestingfishing skils. They communicate with each other in many ways. They use different sounds to talk to each otherDolphins know the “voices” of other dolphins and even know exactly who is making which sound. Another thingthat shows their cleverness is that they can also know themselves in a mirror(锐F)and check different parts of theirbody in it. 24. Why do bottlenose dolphins sleep with one eye open? A. To stay safe B. To sleep for two hours. C. To swim faster 25.What can we learn about dolphins from paragraph 2? A. They use gills to get air. B. They are warm-blooded C. They lay eggs like fish 26. How do dolphins talk to each other? A. By learning fishing skills. B. By using different sounds. C. By checking their bodies. 27. Which part of a magazine may the passage be taken from? A. Art. B. Health. C. Nature. C Headphones are helpful. Many kids use them. But headphones can be harmful, too. They can cause hearingloss if the volume(音量)is too loud. Studies show that one out of every ten kids in the United States has some hearing loss. The cause is loud noise.Do you know how we hear? There are cells(红胞) inside the ears that help us hear. We can't see them with oureyes. “*We call them hair cells,” Jackie Clark said. “They look like hairs standing up." Clark is a scientist at theUniversity of Texas. She studies noises and ears. Sound cannot be seen, but it can make the hair cells move backand forward. Think of the wind in the leaves. Loud noises can damage(损伤) these cells. And once the cells are damaged, they don't grow back. Sometimesthere's tinnitus. “'It's like someone is playing a note on the flute(长笛) for along time,” Clark says. It shows we'relosing hearing. Tinnitus is not only harmful to our ears, also it can make us feel uneasy. That's why it's necessary toprotect our ears. How can we protect our-ears? We'd better keep the volume low when we use our headphones. We should beable to hear sounds around us. And other people shouldn't hear noise from our headphones. “If I can hear whatyou're listening to when you're wearing your headphones," Clark says,“ it's too loud." To protect our ears, keep our headphones at about half volume. 28. What can we know about hair cells? A.They help us hear. B. They look like hairs lying down. C. They can be seen clearly with our eyes. 29.What does the underlined word “tinnitus” mean in paragraph 3. A. A musical voice. B. A kind of instrument. C. Ringing in ears. 30. What's the main purpose of the last paragraph? A. To give advice. B. To show problems C. To explain reasons. 31. What's the main idea of the passage? A. Before listening to music, choose a good headphone. B. When using a headphone, keep the volume low. C.Afer using a headphone, check your ears. 2024年湖南长沙卷 What should you do when you can’t find the time to do a long workout? Have you heard of exercise snacks (零食式锻炼)? Exercise snacks are a popular and inventive new way for people to stay fit. Instead of spending hours on the playground, people break that “large meal” into exercise “snacks”. These exercises can last anywhere from 20 seconds to two minutes. Then you can have a rest for 30 minutes to four hours before another snack. It is reported that exercise snacks can be as useful as traditional exercise methods. Just three exercise snacks a day can benefit (使受益) your physical health. Besides that, there are lots of other benefits. Your concentration (专注力) and creativity get better, and you can become more productive. Also, “snacking” throughout the day stops you from sitting too long. There are so many acceptable exercise snacks, like doing sit-ups, jumping rope or running up and down some stairs (楼梯). But for those who don’t know where to start, here are some helpful exercise choices: Exercises such as lifting weights will satisfy the needs. Since most people don’t keep weights at their offices, lift full water bottles. Squats (深蹲) — moving your body as if to sit down while keeping your back straight. Five to ten of these should make a good snack. For those who don5t like traditional exercises, simply turn up the music. Pick a lively song and start dancing. It’ll make for a fun workout. What are you waiting for? Let’s get moving. Your body will thank you for it! 32. How long can an exercise snack last according to the passage? A. 20 seconds to two minutes. B. 30 minutes to four hours. C. Five to ten minutes. 33. Which is an acceptable exercise snack mentioned in the passage? A. Doing math exercises. B. Eating snacks. C. Doing sit-ups. 34. What is the writer’s attitude (态度) to exercise snacks? A. Doubtful. B. Unclear. C. Supportive. 35. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To change traditional eating habits. B. To introduce an inventive new way to stay fit. C. To encourage people to do long-time outdoor exercise. 雅礼集团2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末考试英语试题 The 2024 Spring Festival Gala official mascot (吉祥物), “Loong Chenchen”, was unveiled (公布) by the China Media Group on Wednesday. The name “Loong Chenchen” includes the Chinese character “Loong”, which translates to “dragon” in English. The dragon has held significant spiritual and cultural importance in China. The mascot “Loong Chenchen” shows great meanings of good luck, peace, health and happiness. The mascot is designed (设计) difficultly, drawing ideas from China’s deep and rich traditional culture. For details, the design of the dragon claw (爪子) in “Loong Chenchen” gets ideas from the pattern of the Nine-Dragon Wall of the Palace Museum in Beijing. The pattern on the dragon stomach is from the cloud and thunder shapes in the Western Zhou Dynasty. The dragon fin (鳍) is based on a Tang Dynasty (618-907) artifact (历史文物) which looks like a moving gold dragon. The color of “Loong Chenchen” has traditional Chinese names, including “Chengxia” and “Chunchen”. “Chengxia” which means red or rosy clouds in English, stands for youth and vitality. The color of “Chunchen” is a symbol of spring, hope and growth. The Spring Festival Gala or “Chunwan” is so popular that it has become an important part of the Lunar New Year celebrations, which is deeply loved by the Chinese people. During the Spring Festival, families throughout China will come together. Broadcasting on the Lunar New Year’s Eve, the Gala is watched by more than one billion people. It symbolizes a time for family gatherings and the joyful beginning of the new year. 24. What is “Loong Chenchen”? A. A mascot. B. A festival. C. A Chinese character. 25. Which of the following is NOT true about the dragon? A. The design of its stomach is from the cloud and thunder shapes. B. The design of its fin is based on a Western Zhou Dynasty artifact. C. The design of its claw gets ideas from the pattern of the Nine-Dragon Wall. 26. What does the underlined word “vitality” mean in paragraph 3? A. 老态龙钟 B. 慈眉善目 C. 朝气蓬勃 27. What's the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The history of the Spring Festival Gala. B. The popularity of the Spring Festival Gala. C. The organization of the Spring Festival Gala. 湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团2024年中考英语二模试卷 Like subway systems all around the world，there are two main rules on the London Underground —Please mind the gap（缝隙） and please give up your seat for someone who needs it. But London's 160﹣year﹣old subway system is special because it also has two unwritten rules —never make eye contact and don't get too close to the other passengers. If you do any of these things you will break the balance，and the whole carriage（车厢） will give you unfriendly stares. On the "tube"，as it is known in England，people do not talk to one another，they will look away faster than you can say sorry，this is their way of being polite. A certain space is also kept between passengers. In crowded carriages，so the carriage looks full when actually there is plenty of space. Considering personal space，finding a seat on a crowded train is no easy task. Some people in England have created websites to explain how to get one. If you are lucky enough to nab（抢夺） one or find yourself sitting in one of the few special seats. However，so you can't win. Sometimes the train driver will make a joke over the loudspeaker，saying something like， "How is everyone going on？" and the train tension（紧张），and no touching. 4．Why do people avoid making eye contact on the London Underground？ ____ A．Because it is against the law. B．Because it may result in friendly stares. C．Because it is considered impolite. 5．What does the underlined part "you can't win" mean in Paragraph 4？ ____ A．You may get a lot of stares after getting a seat. B．You may pay unnecessary attention to other people. C．People from the whole carriage will come to nab your seat. 6．What can you learn from the passage？ ____ A．The two written rules make London's subway special. B．It doesn't matter that you touch others around you on the subway. C．The driver's joke can make the subway environment friendly for a while. 7．What is the passage mainly about？ ____ A．The history of the subway systems in the world. B．The unwritten rules of the London Underground. C．London being famous as a gentlemen's city. 湖南省长沙市北雅中学2023-2024学年九年级下册入学英语试题 Eating and drinking in China can be an enjoyable cultural experience. However, there are likely to be many surprises along the way. We would like to prepare you for, and even warn you of, the main differences between eating and drinking in China and in the West. Be prepared for your Chinese host placing food in your bowl, usually without even asking. The host will often put chicken legs or other parts of the meal in the guest's bowl. Though Westerners may see this as interfering（干涉）with one's independence and personal space, it is a sign of hospitality（好客）in China. Though in the West it is sometimes considered rude to put one's elbows on the dining table, this is quite acceptable in China, especially when eating noodles. However, you may want to avoid this in some restaurants. Using your own antiseptic wipes（消毒湿巾）may help to put your mind at ease in some situations. In China it is also common practice to spit things out on the table or the floor. However, in more upper-market restaurants in China or in the West, people usually use one of the methods below rather than spitting. Using chopsticks, forks, or tissues（餐巾纸）is a polite way around the problem. You might want to ask for a side plate or an extra bowl for the bones（骨头）, etc. Be warned if seeing piles of things that came out of someone's mouth may put you off your food. You may want to order dishes with no bones. We realize Westerners usually come to China to experience things you don't have at home. Our customers usually want to eat different things. If you want to enjoy Chinese food and experience the eating and drinking in China, see our recommended（被推荐的） China tours. 18．What can we infer from the paragraph 2-3? A．Chinese hosts want to interfere with your personal space when they place food in your bowls. B．It's a sign of hospitality when the host put a chicken leg in your bowl. C．Westerners usually put their elbows on the table. 19．What does the underlined word "spit" in paragraph 4 mean? A．扔掉 B．收拾 C．吐出 20．Which one is more unacceptable for westerners when eating something with bones? A．Asking for a side plate. B．Spitting on the ground. C．Using tissues. 21．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Westerns want to enjoy eating and drinking in China. B．There are many surprises in China. C．Major different table manners between China and Western countries. 长沙市师大附中博才实验中学2023-2024学年九年级下学期第六次质量调研一模英语试题 Imagine taking a flying taxi to the airport, or jumping over crowded city streets at rush hour, getting where you want to go far faster than you could in a car. Believe it or not, you might be able to do these things in an air taxi sooner than you think. An air taxi is something like a helicopter(直升机) that can carry people from place to place. And it can go straight up and down without a long runway. An American company called Joby Aviation has started testing their new air taxi. This is the first time they' ve tested a taxi that' s been built in a factory. Before that, all their taxis were made by hand. By 2025, Joby hopes to start carrying passengers for money. They' ve teamed up with Delta Air Lines to create a program to fly people from their homes to the airport. Besides the pilot, Joby' s air taxis can carry four other passengers. They can go around 100 miles before the electric batteries(电池) need to be recharged. Compared with helicopters, Joby says their air taxis are both quieter and cheaper. Users need to pay about $3 a mile at first. But over time, the price was brought down to less than $1 a mile. Although the idea of flying taxis is exciting, some people are still concerned about them. The air taxis may be quieter than helicopters, but they' ll still be adding noise and traffic to our skies. Some people worry that only rich people will be able to afford to use them. It seems likely that air taxis will be part of the future travel. But there' s still a lot to do before air taxis become common. 8．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By raising questions. B．By imagining scenes. C．By explaining reasons. 9．What can we learn about Joby Aviation' s new taxi according to Paragraph 3? A．It' s made by hand. B．It can fly 100 miles per hour. C．It can carry five people in total. 10．What does the underlined word " concerned" mean in Paragraph 6? A．Worried. B．Nervous. C．Hopeless. 11．What is the best title of the passage? A．A new flying taxi B．A perfect travel means C．A new helicopter 长郡培粹学校2023-2024学年九年级下学期第一次英语月考试题 In Tibet, there is a newly opened mini market. It provides all kinds of daily products for local people. But people don't need to pay money. Villagers here can exchange(交换) recyclables(可回收物品) for them. "Rubbish for cash (现金)" is the secret behind its success. It was not accepted by all the local people at first, so the mini market started with children. The children exchanged recyclables for snacks and soon the news spread. Now more and more people come to exchange recyclables for daily products. Four local villagers even found a job in the mini market. Tenzin Drolma is one of them. He is busy but happy every day. "The idea is good, and it is good for the environment. Also, I'm thankful for having such a job. I can get 3,000 yuan every month." he says. The mini market is not the only "green" market. In another "green" supermarket in another city, customers can buy daily products by points. People exchange recyclables for points. For example, one kilogram of boxes can be exchanged for 5 points. When people get 16 points, they can exchange them for a bag of salt. Technology also makes the green life smarter and cleaner. The smart bins(垃圾箱) can tell people how heavy their recyclables are and put the number into cards held by them. When the bins are full, they will "remind" the cleaning staff to take the rubbish out. 7．What does "It' in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The daily products. B．The new sale form. C．The rubbish. 8．Why does the writer say the two markets are "green"? A．Their buildings are green. B．Their products are good for the environment. C．They do the business in an environmentally friendly way. 9．How do people get products in another "green" supermarket? A．They get them by working there. B．They exchange points for them. C．They exchange rubbish for them directly. 10．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The "rubbish for cash" life in Tibet. B．What life is like for local people in Tibet. C．The daily products in two new markets in Tibet. 2024年湖南省初中学业水平考试模拟试卷 (BEST联考三) C Our bodies sleep in 90-minute cycles (循环). There are about five to six cycles each night. At first, you enter a light stage of sleep when your muscles (肌肉) relax. Then, the body temperature drops, and the heart rate (心率) slows. Next comes deep sleep. It’s difficult to wake up during this period. This is when your body repairs itself and builds up energy (能量) for the next day. Finally, you get into the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep period. It is when most dreaming happens. After REM sleep, the cycle repeats. Waking up in the morning in the “wrong” time can make you feel especially tired. An app called Sleep Calculator (计算器) can help you avoid this. It is a tool for working out the perfect bedtime for you according to your wake-up time. Invented by a company (公司) in Britain, this smart calculator considers the sleep cycles that our bodies go through each night. If you record your wake-up time, the calculator will suggest the perfect bedtime to make sure that you rise, whether you’re an early bird or not. It’s also worth noticing that you should not just start your sleep cycle whenever you want. Many young people go to bed late and get up late, such as sleeping from 2 a.m. to 10 a.m. They think as long as they have 8 hours of sleep, everything will be fine. But in fact, our bodies can tell the time, especially by using light and temperature. That’s why sometimes we feel even more tired after oversleeping. 28. When does the body temperature drop? A. During light sleep. B. During deep sleep. C. During the dream time. 29. Where was the smart calculator invented? A. In China. B. In Britain. C. In Germany. 30. How do our bodies tell the time? A. By taking temperatures. B. By making eye movements. C. By using light and temperature. 31. What section (部分) of a magazine is the passage taken from? A. Sports. B. Health. C. Culture. 长沙市立信中学2023-2024学年九年级下学期第一次月考英语试题 When you think about a factory, what do you imagine first? Do you picture lots of workers doing the same thing over and over again without stopping? Well, things are changing! Nowadays, because of super cool technologies like AI, the internet of things, cloud computing and big data, factories are becoming smarter. They need fewer workers than you might think. Teway Food Group, a company in Chengdu, Sichuan, makes tasty seasonings, which are added into food to improve the taste. There robots do most of the work in their clever factory. First, the robots get and mix the things in line with their recipes(食谱). After that, the food goes into a smart cooking system that carefully watches and controls the temperatures to make sure the seasonings taste really good. During the whole process, you hardly see any workers and this makes everything cost much less. The president of the company, Yu Zhiyong, told The Paper, "Thanks to the smart factory, we have been able to make things 40 percent cheaper." Besides helping companies save money, smart factories are also looking out for the safety of workers. Baidu created a smart safety assistant(助理) called Du An'an to make sure workers are safer in factories. It gives fast answers to safety questions from workers and also looks at safety problems, helping managers work with dangers and risks quickly. Thanks to Du An'an, a big chemical(化学品) company called Daxie Petrochemical can now deal with accidents 50 percent faster than before. Faster, better and safer at a lower cost, smart factories are changing our life. In line with the "Made in China 2025" plan, China is ready to grow from "Made in China" to "Created in China". 8．In Paragraph 1, the writer starts the passage by ____. A．asking questions B．offering opinions C．showing results 9．What does the underlined word "seasonings" mean in Paragraph 3? A．季节 B．食物 C．调料 10．Which of the following is Not true about smart factories? A．There are no workers working in Teway Food Company. B．Du An'an is created to make sure the safety of the workers. C．Smart factories are cheaper and safer than traditional factories. 11．What's the main idea of the passage? A．Robots will take the place of workers in smart factories. B．Robots play a very important part in smart companies. C．Robots are needed to cut down the cost of smart companies. 湖南省常德市鼎城区2023-2024学年九年级下学期英语期中试卷 Among all traditional Chinese operas, types of facial makeup (脸谱) in Peking Opera have developed into the most well-known one. It is popular around the world, and has been seen as the symbol of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation. Different colors are used to show different characters, but at first, only three colors were used: red, white and black. Red is generally used to show that a person is honest and loyal (忠诚的). In fact, the red was firstly just to show the color of people's skin. Because many roles use red and black to show they're very brave and honest, red slowly has another meaning. A famous red full face is Guan Yu, known for his loyalty to Liu Bei. He regarded Liu Bei as his elder brother. They fought side by side and supported each other. Guan Yu, together with Zhang Fei protected Liu Bei from every danger. The role with the white face commonly seen is bad in human nature. The well-known character is Cao Cao, who was powerful but cruel in the time of the "Three Kingdoms". Another famous character is the Prime Minister Qin Hui in the Song Dynasty. The national hero Yue Fei was secretly killed in the prison by him. The black face shows either a rude and brave character or a fair and selfless character. Famous characters are Zhang Fei with a black cross butterfly face of Romance of the Three Kingdoms(《三国演义》) and Li Kui of Water Margin (《水浒传》). Zhang Fei is a general who served Liu Bei. His bravery was also greatly praised. Li Kui enjoyed fighting and was feared by many people who met him. Later, other colors are added to them, such as purple for justice (正义); yellow used for soldiers, means bravery; blue, showing that a character has a strong personality. 8．At first, the three colors of the facial makeup in Peking Opera were ____. A．red, gold and purple B．red, white and blue C．red, white and black 9．The role of Qin Hui has a white face because ____. A．he put national hero to death B．he was killed by Yue Fei C．he was fair and cruel 10．From the passage we know Bao Zheng, the fearless and fair official of the Song Dynasty, should have a ____. A．white face B．black face C．yellow face 11．The best title of the passage is ____. A．The Traditional Chinese Operas B．The Introduction to the Heroes in Beijing Opera C．The Relationship between Facial Colors and Characters 湖南省常德市鼎城区2024年中考英语一模试卷 Going to a movie now has been a part of our life. But have you ever thought of blind people watching movies? 64﹣year﹣old Wang Fokun lost his eyesight in his fifties. He had to give up his hobby of watching movies then. But in the past two years, a theater has helped him to get his love for the cinema back. Every Saturday, Wang travels 40 minutes to "watch" a movie. It's at Xindeng Theater in Kunming that Wang "watches" the movie. With the help of volunteers, Wang enjoys himself along with many other blind people. The volunteers describe what is happening on the screen, including when the story happens, what they are doing. . . Thanks to the description, the blind can throw themselves into the movie. They laugh when something funny happens and cry during sad scenes. The task of describing the movie is not as simple as it sounds. The volunteers must be familiar with every scene in the movie. "I watch a movie at least three times and write down every small part, " one of the volunteers said. And they have to practice many times before they do the job. However, they all enjoy the experience. "We're glad to bring enjoyment to the audience（观众）, " they said. So far, thousands of blind people have enjoyed more than 100 films described by them. They all agree that the volunteers do a great job. 4．Thanks to Xindeng Theater, 64﹣year﹣old Wang ____. A．has a new hobby B．can enjoy movies again C．gets his eyesight back 5．The third paragraph mainly talks about ____. A．how the blind "watch" movies at the theater B．how volunteers prepare for the description C．what is happening on the screen at the theater 6．What does the underlined word "familiar" mean in Chinese? A．熟悉的 B．擅长的 C．感兴趣的 7．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Skills to describe the movie B．Cultural activities for the blind C．Volunteers bring joy to the blind 湖南省长沙市2024年中考适应性考试英语试卷（一） Have you ever found yourself in a situation where you' re talking to someone but they keep looking at their phone? This is called " phubbing" — a mix of the words " phone" and " snubbing(不理睬)" . When someone is " phubbing" , they' re using their phone to look through the online news, check messages, play games and so on, instead of focusing on the conversation or spending time with the people they' re with. The word was first used back in 2012, when fewer people had smartphones. And now that most people have smartphones, phubbing is a common problem. Most people would agree that it' s rude to be focused on your phone when you' re spending time with another person. The expert William Hanson thinks so, too. " Phubbing is a no-no!" he says. " If you have planned to go out with friends, focus on them and not your friends on your phone. " Studies have found that phubbing can damage your relationships with others. Phubbing can make people feel left out, and those who " phub" are thought of as less polite and caring. So science has shown that phubbing is not good for us — but why do we do it? It might be because we are feeling bored, worried or stressed. Or it might be because we are addicted to(沉溺于) checking our phones, especially social media. Whatever the reason may be, phubbing is a bad habit and can make us miss out on real moments with the people around us. So the next time you' re spending time with a friend or family member, try and keep your phone out of sight! 8．From the first two paragraphs, what do you know about " phubbing" ? A．It first appeared 20 years ago. B．It is more commonly seen than before. C．It comes from the words " photo" and " snubbing" . 9．Which of the following opinions might William Hanson agree with? A．Phubbing is not a big deal. B．We had better stop using phones. C．We should pay more attention to real friends. 10．What does the underlined word " damage" mean in Paragraph 4? A．伤害 B．重建 C．发展 11．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To show the importance of friends. B．To call on people to put phones down. C．To explain the meaning of " phubbing" . 湖南省衡阳市衡阳县2024年初中学业水平模拟考试试卷 “Zero Waste” was first suggested by a French woman called Bea Johnson. Her ideas are: live a life and try not to create any rubbish; use different kinds of ways to save the environment, such as stopping the use of one-off objects; giving unwanted things to others or giving them away to organizations like the Red Cross. Yu Yuan, a post-90s girl, is a practitioner (实践者) of “Zero Waste” living. She has been leading this lifestyle for 6 years. In the past six months, she has produced only a small can of garbage. In 2017, Yu and her partner Joe opened a shop called the Bulk House in Beijing, with the aim of making Zero Waste living easy and convenient by selling a lot of Zero Waste and environmentally-friendly products. For example, you can find 100% bamboo toilet paper there, which is of course completely plastic-free. Have you ever counted how much garbage you produce in a day? If you want to lead a “Zero Waste” life, you can follow the 5R rules: refuse what you do not need; reduce what you do need; reuse what you use; recycle what you can’t refuse, reduce or reuse; rot the rest. Of course, it is very difficult to change our lives in the blink of an eye. We usually need gradual steps that enable us to make lasting changes. If you want to begin reducing your waste, there are many different small things that you can do. For example, you can buy a reusable water bottle instead of using single-use bottles. Or, if you want to save money, you can just use a jar (罐子) from something you already have! 4. Who first came up with the idea of “Zero Waste”? A. Yu Yuan. B. Bea Johnson. C. Joe. 5. According to the 5R rules, which of the following behaviors (行为) is proper? A. Do not accept what you don’t need. B. Use one-off chopsticks when eating the takeaway food. C. Throw the things you don’t like away and buy new ones. 6. What does the underlined phrase “in the blink of an eye” probably mean? A. easily B. quickly C. generally 7. What is the best title of the passage? A. Zero Waste Living B. Yu Yuan, A Practitioner of “Zero Waste” Living C. The Bulk House 长沙市稻田中学2023-2024学年九年级下学期入学考试英语试卷 By now, most people know they should eat more vegetables. But are there ways to get more from the vegetables you already eat? Research shows that when it comes to vegetables, it's nọt only how much we eat, but also how we prepare them, which decides how many vitamins(维他命) and other nutrients(营养) enter our body. Many studies show that people who eat lots of vegetables have fewer illnesses and eye problems. But raw(生的) vegetables are not always the best. The researchers found that 198 Germans who ate raw food were short of lycopene(番茄红素), which is found in tomatoes and other red vegetables. "There is an idea that raw foods are always going to be better," says Steven K. Clinton, a professor at Ohio State University. "For fruits and vegetables, sometimes a little bit of cooking can be helpful." A number of factors decide how the vegetables do good to people's health before they reach the table, including where and how they were grown and stored before being bought. No single cooking way is the best. Some nutrients are easily lost in cooking if they are cooked in different ways. Vitamins C and B are often lost. In January, another report said that boiling was better for carrots than frying or serving them raw. Frying(炒) was the worst way to cook. What cooked with the vegetables can also be important. When the vegetables were cooked with fat, the diners can get more nutrients. Fat can also make the taste of vegetables better, meaning that people will eat more of them. Putting on some other things can also make them taste better. For example, a little salt can make the food taste better. 8．What do we know about vegetables from the first paragraph? A．The more vegetables we have, the healthier we will be. B．The way people eat vegetables is of great importance. C．People can't get more from the vegetables they already eat. 9．People who have raw vegetables for a long time will ____. A．have more eye problems B．have more illnesses C．be in need of lycopene 10．The followings decide how much good vegetables do EXCEPT ____. A．the place where they are grown B．the price of the vegetables C．the way of preparing vegetables 11．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The way how vegetables are stored influences how much good vegetables do to people. B．The best way to keep vitamins C and B in vegetables is to fry them. C．People will get fewer nutrients from vegetables when cooked with fat. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 阅读理解之说明文阅读 考点速览 2024年考情分析 命题趋势 1.考查考生阅读、理解、归纳概括、逻辑推理以及对材料的综合评估能力等。 2.考查微技能：细节理解、推理判断、词(组)义猜测、主旨大意、标题归纳、数字计算、写作意图等。 1.2024湖南省卷BC篇说明文采用的是研究科普类说明文；考察题型有细节理解题；词义猜测题；段落大意题；主旨题 2. 2024湖南长沙卷B篇说明文采用的是科普说明文；考察题型有细节理解题；观点态度题；主旨大意题 1细节理解:通过题干的关键词，在文中找到相关信息，仔细对比(尤其是同义词转换)，找到正确答案。 2.句意理解:长难句或复杂句型是关键。首先找到句子主干，然后分析重要词语意义(特别是过渡词)，最后整体理解句子。 3.段落大意:考生根据字面意思，通过逻辑关系，研究细节，推敲作者的态度，理解文章寓意;一般不出现绝对概念。 4.词义猜测:词组或者句子含义的能考查考生在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某一生词，这些词或词组往往超出考纲范围。一般利用上下文线索、语法知识、上下文逻辑、构词法和常识等猜测词义。 2024年湖南省卷 B Would you be able to sleep with one eye open? Bottlenose dolphins(宽吻海豚)can. When they sleep, onlyhalf of their brain goes to sleep. They sleep with one eye open to stay safe. Half of their brain sleeps for about twohours before the other half of their brain gets a chance to sleep. Sometimes, the dolphins will keep swimming whilethey are sleeping. Dolphins are not fish-they are mammals(哺乳动物). These mammals have lungs(肺). And they don't havegills(l) like fish. They are also warm-blooded and have to go to the surface ofthe water to get air in to their lungsDolphins don't lay eggs. Their young are born alive, and they drink milk from their mothers.Dolphins are one of the smartest animals in the world. There are many stories about how they save people outof water. They are able to solve many problems like humans. They can even use tools to catch fish. But theircleverness doesn't end there. Dolphins can also pass on anything they learn to other dolphins, like interestingfishing skils. They communicate with each other in many ways. They use different sounds to talk to each otherDolphins know the “voices” of other dolphins and even know exactly who is making which sound. Another thingthat shows their cleverness is that they can also know themselves in a mirror(锐F)and check different parts of theirbody in it. 24. Why do bottlenose dolphins sleep with one eye open? A. To stay safe B. To sleep for two hours. C. To swim faster 25.What can we learn about dolphins from paragraph 2? A. They use gills to get air. B. They are warm-blooded C. They lay eggs like fish 26. How do dolphins talk to each other? A. By learning fishing skills. B. By using different sounds. C. By checking their bodies. 27. Which part of a magazine may the passage be taken from? A. Art. B. Health. C. Nature. 参考答案： 24细节理解题。根据第一段They sleep with one eye open to stay safe(他们睁着一只眼睛睡觉以保证安全。可知，海豚睡觉时睁着一只眼睛是为了保证安全。故选A。 25细节理解题。根据第二段They are also warmblooded and have to go to the surface of thewater to get air into their lungs.(它们也是温血动物，必须到水面让空气进入肺部。)可知，海豚是温血动物。故选B。 26.细节理解题。根据第三段They use different sounds to talk to each other.(它们用不同的声音互相交谈。)可知，海豚通过使用不同的声音互相交谈。故选B。 27.推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了海豚的三个特点，故推测这篇文章可能选自杂志的自然界版块。故选C。 C Headphones are helpful. Many kids use them. But headphones can be harmful, too. They can cause hearingloss if the volume(音量)is too loud. Studies show that one out of every ten kids in the United States has some hearing loss. The cause is loud noise.Do you know how we hear? There are cells(红胞) inside the ears that help us hear. We can't see them with oureyes. “*We call them hair cells,” Jackie Clark said. “They look like hairs standing up." Clark is a scientist at theUniversity of Texas. She studies noises and ears. Sound cannot be seen, but it can make the hair cells move backand forward. Think of the wind in the leaves. Loud noises can damage(损伤) these cells. And once the cells are damaged, they don't grow back. Sometimesthere's tinnitus. “'It's like someone is playing a note on the flute(长笛) for along time,” Clark says. It shows we'relosing hearing. Tinnitus is not only harmful to our ears, also it can make us feel uneasy. That's why it's necessary toprotect our ears. How can we protect our-ears? We'd better keep the volume low when we use our headphones. We should beable to hear sounds around us. And other people shouldn't hear noise from our headphones. “If I can hear whatyou're listening to when you're wearing your headphones," Clark says,“ it's too loud." To protect our ears, keep our headphones at about half volume. 28. What can we know about hair cells? A.They help us hear. B. They look like hairs lying down. C. They can be seen clearly with our eyes. 29.What does the underlined word “tinnitus” mean in paragraph 3. A. A musical voice. B. A kind of instrument. C. Ringing in ears. 30. What's the main purpose of the last paragraph? A. To give advice. B. To show problems C. To explain reasons. 31. What's the main idea of the passage? A. Before listening to music, choose a good headphone. B. When using a headphone, keep the volume low. C.Afer using a headphone, check your ears. 参考答案： (28)细节理解题。根据第二段There are cells(细胞) inside the ears that help us hear.We can't seethem with our eyes."We call them hair cells"Jackie Clark said.(耳朵里有帮助我们听到声音的细胞。我们的眼睛看不到它们。“我们称它们为毛细胞，"Jackie Clark说。)可知毛细胞帮助我们听到声音。故选A。 (29)词义猜测题。根据第三段"It's like someone is playing a note on the flute(长笛)for along time, “Clark says.("这就像有人在笛子上很长时间吹一个音符，“克拉克说。)可知，耳朵有时有耳鸣现象。故推测划线单词应该是“耳鸣“的意思，故选C。 (30)段落大意题。根据最后一段How can we protect our ears?We'd better keep the value volume low whenwe use our headphones.(我们如何保护我们的耳朵。)可知，此段主要给出了使用耳机的建议。故选A。 (31)标题归纳题。通读全文，根据最后一段How can we protect our ears?We'd better keep the value volume low whenwe use our headphones.(我们如何保护我们的耳朵?我们使用耳机时最好把音量调小。)可知，本文主要讲了为了保护我们的耳朵，使用耳机时最好把音量调小。故选B。 2024年湖南长沙卷 What should you do when you can’t find the time to do a long workout? Have you heard of exercise snacks (零食式锻炼)? Exercise snacks are a popular and inventive new way for people to stay fit. Instead of spending hours on the playground, people break that “large meal” into exercise “snacks”. These exercises can last anywhere from 20 seconds to two minutes. Then you can have a rest for 30 minutes to four hours before another snack. It is reported that exercise snacks can be as useful as traditional exercise methods. Just three exercise snacks a day can benefit (使受益) your physical health. Besides that, there are lots of other benefits. Your concentration (专注力) and creativity get better, and you can become more productive. Also, “snacking” throughout the day stops you from sitting too long. There are so many acceptable exercise snacks, like doing sit-ups, jumping rope or running up and down some stairs (楼梯). But for those who don’t know where to start, here are some helpful exercise choices: Exercises such as lifting weights will satisfy the needs. Since most people don’t keep weights at their offices, lift full water bottles. Squats (深蹲) — moving your body as if to sit down while keeping your back straight. Five to ten of these should make a good snack. For those who don5t like traditional exercises, simply turn up the music. Pick a lively song and start dancing. It’ll make for a fun workout. What are you waiting for? Let’s get moving. Your body will thank you for it! 32. How long can an exercise snack last according to the passage? A. 20 seconds to two minutes. B. 30 minutes to four hours. C. Five to ten minutes. 33. Which is an acceptable exercise snack mentioned in the passage? A. Doing math exercises. B. Eating snacks. C. Doing sit-ups. 34. What is the writer’s attitude (态度) to exercise snacks? A. Doubtful. B. Unclear. C. Supportive. 35. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To change traditional eating habits. B. To introduce an inventive new way to stay fit. C. To encourage people to do long-time outdoor exercise. 【答案】32. A 33. C 34. C 35. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍零食式锻炼。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据“These exercises can last anywhere from 20 seconds to two minutes.”可知，这些练习可以持续20秒到2分钟。故选A。 【33题详解】细节理解题。根据“There are so many acceptable exercise snacks, like doing sit-ups, jumping rope or running up and down some stairs (楼梯).”可知，这些练习可以持续20秒到2分钟。有很多可以接受的运动零食，比如做仰卧起坐、跳绳或上下楼梯，故选C。 【34题详解】观点态度题。根据“What are you waiting for? Let’s get moving. Your body will thank you for it!”可知，作者对零食式锻炼持支持的态度，故选C。 【35题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍零食式锻炼，是一种新颖的健身方式。故选B。 雅礼集团2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末考试英语试题 The 2024 Spring Festival Gala official mascot (吉祥物), “Loong Chenchen”, was unveiled (公布) by the China Media Group on Wednesday. The name “Loong Chenchen” includes the Chinese character “Loong”, which translates to “dragon” in English. The dragon has held significant spiritual and cultural importance in China. The mascot “Loong Chenchen” shows great meanings of good luck, peace, health and happiness. The mascot is designed (设计) difficultly, drawing ideas from China’s deep and rich traditional culture. For details, the design of the dragon claw (爪子) in “Loong Chenchen” gets ideas from the pattern of the Nine-Dragon Wall of the Palace Museum in Beijing. The pattern on the dragon stomach is from the cloud and thunder shapes in the Western Zhou Dynasty. The dragon fin (鳍) is based on a Tang Dynasty (618-907) artifact (历史文物) which looks like a moving gold dragon. The color of “Loong Chenchen” has traditional Chinese names, including “Chengxia” and “Chunchen”. “Chengxia” which means red or rosy clouds in English, stands for youth and vitality. The color of “Chunchen” is a symbol of spring, hope and growth. The Spring Festival Gala or “Chunwan” is so popular that it has become an important part of the Lunar New Year celebrations, which is deeply loved by the Chinese people. During the Spring Festival, families throughout China will come together. Broadcasting on the Lunar New Year’s Eve, the Gala is watched by more than one billion people. It symbolizes a time for family gatherings and the joyful beginning of the new year. 24. What is “Loong Chenchen”? A. A mascot. B. A festival. C. A Chinese character. 25. Which of the following is NOT true about the dragon? A. The design of its stomach is from the cloud and thunder shapes. B. The design of its fin is based on a Western Zhou Dynasty artifact. C. The design of its claw gets ideas from the pattern of the Nine-Dragon Wall. 26. What does the underlined word “vitality” mean in paragraph 3? A. 老态龙钟 B. 慈眉善目 C. 朝气蓬勃 27. What's the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The history of the Spring Festival Gala. B. The popularity of the Spring Festival Gala. C. The organization of the Spring Festival Gala. 【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2024年的春节吉祥物“龙辰辰”和“春晚”。 【24题详解】细节理解题。根据“The 2024 Spring Festival Gala official mascot, “Loong Chenchen”, was unveiled by the China Media Group on Wednesday.”可知，龙辰辰是个吉祥物。故选A。 【25题详解】细节理解题。根据“The dragon fin is based on a Tang Dynasty (618-907) artifact which looks like a moving gold dragon.”可知，龙鳍是根据意见唐朝的历史文物设计的。故选B。 【26题详解】词句猜测题。根据“stands for youth”可知，vitality的词意与youth“年轻的”相近，意为“有活力的，朝气蓬勃的”。故选C。 【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据“The Spring Festival Gala or “Chunwan” is so popular that it has become an important part of the Lunar New Year celebrations, which is deeply loved by the Chinese people.”可知，文章最后一段主要说明了“春晚”在中国非常受欢迎。故选B。 湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团2024年中考英语二模试卷 Like subway systems all around the world，there are two main rules on the London Underground —Please mind the gap（缝隙） and please give up your seat for someone who needs it. But London's 160﹣year﹣old subway system is special because it also has two unwritten rules —never make eye contact and don't get too close to the other passengers. If you do any of these things you will break the balance，and the whole carriage（车厢） will give you unfriendly stares. On the "tube"，as it is known in England，people do not talk to one another，they will look away faster than you can say sorry，this is their way of being polite. A certain space is also kept between passengers. In crowded carriages，so the carriage looks full when actually there is plenty of space. Considering personal space，finding a seat on a crowded train is no easy task. Some people in England have created websites to explain how to get one. If you are lucky enough to nab（抢夺） one or find yourself sitting in one of the few special seats. However，so you can't win. Sometimes the train driver will make a joke over the loudspeaker，saying something like， "How is everyone going on？" and the train tension（紧张），and no touching. 4．Why do people avoid making eye contact on the London Underground？ ____ A．Because it is against the law. B．Because it may result in friendly stares. C．Because it is considered impolite. 5．What does the underlined part "you can't win" mean in Paragraph 4？ ____ A．You may get a lot of stares after getting a seat. B．You may pay unnecessary attention to other people. C．People from the whole carriage will come to nab your seat. 6．What can you learn from the passage？ ____ A．The two written rules make London's subway special. B．It doesn't matter that you touch others around you on the subway. C．The driver's joke can make the subway environment friendly for a while. 7．What is the passage mainly about？ ____ A．The history of the subway systems in the world. B．The unwritten rules of the London Underground. C．London being famous as a gentlemen's city. 【答案】4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B 【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了伦敦地铁的不成文规则。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段If they do make any eye contact, they will look away faster than you can say sorry, this is their way of being polite. 如果他们和你有眼神接触，他们会在你说对不起之前把目光移开，这是他们表现礼貌的方式。可知，在伦敦地铁上进行眼神交流应该是不礼貌的。故选C。 5．语义猜测题。根据第四段However, you will be the focus of the whole carriage and draw unwanted attention to yourself.然而，你会成为整个车厢的焦点，吸引不必要的注意力。可知， 你坐下后会被很多人盯着看。故推测you can't win应该是"得到座位后被很多人盯着看"的意思，故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据最后一段Sometimes the train driver will make a joke over the loudspeaker, saying something like, "How is everyone going on?" and the train tension(紧张) will be broken at once.有时火车司机会通过喇叭开个玩笑，说些诸如"大家过得怎么样？"的话，列车紧张的气氛将立即被打破。可知，司机的笑话可以让地铁环境友好一阵子。故选C。 7．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段But London's 160﹣year﹣old subway system is special because it also has two unwritten rules —never make eye contact and don't get too close to the other passengers.但伦敦有160年历史的地铁系统很特别，因为它还有两条不成文的规定——永远不要眼神交流，也不要离其他乘客太近。可知， 本文主要介绍了伦敦地铁的不成文规则。故选B。 湖南省长沙市北雅中学2023-2024学年九年级下册入学英语试题 Eating and drinking in China can be an enjoyable cultural experience. However, there are likely to be many surprises along the way. We would like to prepare you for, and even warn you of, the main differences between eating and drinking in China and in the West. Be prepared for your Chinese host placing food in your bowl, usually without even asking. The host will often put chicken legs or other parts of the meal in the guest's bowl. Though Westerners may see this as interfering（干涉）with one's independence and personal space, it is a sign of hospitality（好客）in China. Though in the West it is sometimes considered rude to put one's elbows on the dining table, this is quite acceptable in China, especially when eating noodles. However, you may want to avoid this in some restaurants. Using your own antiseptic wipes（消毒湿巾）may help to put your mind at ease in some situations. In China it is also common practice to spit things out on the table or the floor. However, in more upper-market restaurants in China or in the West, people usually use one of the methods below rather than spitting. Using chopsticks, forks, or tissues（餐巾纸）is a polite way around the problem. You might want to ask for a side plate or an extra bowl for the bones（骨头）, etc. Be warned if seeing piles of things that came out of someone's mouth may put you off your food. You may want to order dishes with no bones. We realize Westerners usually come to China to experience things you don't have at home. Our customers usually want to eat different things. If you want to enjoy Chinese food and experience the eating and drinking in China, see our recommended（被推荐的） China tours. 18．What can we infer from the paragraph 2-3? A．Chinese hosts want to interfere with your personal space when they place food in your bowls. B．It's a sign of hospitality when the host put a chicken leg in your bowl. C．Westerners usually put their elbows on the table. 19．What does the underlined word "spit" in paragraph 4 mean? A．扔掉 B．收拾 C．吐出 20．Which one is more unacceptable for westerners when eating something with bones? A．Asking for a side plate. B．Spitting on the ground. C．Using tissues. 21．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Westerns want to enjoy eating and drinking in China. B．There are many surprises in China. C．Major different table manners between China and Western countries. 【答案】18．B 19．C 20．B 21．C 【分析】本文主要讲了中国和西方饮食之间的一些差异。 18．细节理解题。根据第二段The host will often put chicken legs or other parts of the meal in the guest's bowl.Though Westerners may see this as interfering (干涉)with one's independence and personal space， it is a sign of hospitality(好客)inChina.(主人通常会把鸡腿或其他食物的一部分放在客人的碗里。虽然西方人可能认为这是干涉一个人的独立性和个人空间，但在中国，这是好客的标志。)可知主人在你的碗里放一只鸡腿是好客的表现。故选B。 19．词义猜测题。根据第四段However，in more upper-market restaurants in China or in the West,people usually use one of the methods below rather than spitting.(然而，在中国或西方更多的高档餐厅，人们通常使用以下方法之一，而不是随地吐痰。)可知结合选项，应说在中国，把东西吐在桌子或地板上也是一种常见的做法。所以"spit"意为"吐出"。故选C。 20．细节理解题。根据第四段In China it is also common practice to spit things out on the table or the floor.However, in more upper-market restaurants in China or in the West, people usually use one of the methods below rather than spitting.Using chopsticks，forks，or tissues(餐巾纸)isa polite way around the problem.(在中国，把东西吐在桌子上或地板上也是很常见的做法。然而，在中国或西方更多的高档餐厅，人们通常使用以下方法之一，而不是随地吐痰。使用筷子、叉子或纸巾是解决这个问题的礼貌方式。)可知随地吐痰对于西方人是不被接受的。故选B。 21．主旨归纳题。根据第一段Eating and drinking in China can be an enjoy able cultural experience.However,there are likely to be many surprises along th e way.We would like to prepare you for, and even warn you of,the main differences between eating and dri nking in China and in the West.(在中国吃吃喝喝是一种令人愉快的文化体验。然而，在这一过程中可能会有很多惊喜。我们想让您为中国和西方饮食之间的主要差异做好准备，甚至警告您。)可知本文主要介绍了中西方餐桌礼仪 长沙市师大附中博才实验中学2023-2024学年九年级下学期第六次质量调研一模英语试题 Imagine taking a flying taxi to the airport, or jumping over crowded city streets at rush hour, getting where you want to go far faster than you could in a car. Believe it or not, you might be able to do these things in an air taxi sooner than you think. An air taxi is something like a helicopter(直升机) that can carry people from place to place. And it can go straight up and down without a long runway. An American company called Joby Aviation has started testing their new air taxi. This is the first time they' ve tested a taxi that' s been built in a factory. Before that, all their taxis were made by hand. By 2025, Joby hopes to start carrying passengers for money. They' ve teamed up with Delta Air Lines to create a program to fly people from their homes to the airport. Besides the pilot, Joby' s air taxis can carry four other passengers. They can go around 100 miles before the electric batteries(电池) need to be recharged. Compared with helicopters, Joby says their air taxis are both quieter and cheaper. Users need to pay about $3 a mile at first. But over time, the price was brought down to less than $1 a mile. Although the idea of flying taxis is exciting, some people are still concerned about them. The air taxis may be quieter than helicopters, but they' ll still be adding noise and traffic to our skies. Some people worry that only rich people will be able to afford to use them. It seems likely that air taxis will be part of the future travel. But there' s still a lot to do before air taxis become common. 8．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By raising questions. B．By imagining scenes. C．By explaining reasons. 9．What can we learn about Joby Aviation' s new taxi according to Paragraph 3? A．It' s made by hand. B．It can fly 100 miles per hour. C．It can carry five people in total. 10．What does the underlined word " concerned" mean in Paragraph 6? A．Worried. B．Nervous. C．Hopeless. 11．What is the best title of the passage? A．A new flying taxi B．A perfect travel means C．A new helicopter 【答案】8．B 9．C 10．A 11．A 【分析】本文主要介绍了空中出租车的相关信息。 8．细节理解题。根据"Imagine taking a flying taxi to the airport, or jumping over crowded city streets at rush hour, getting where you want to go far faster than you could in a car."可知，作者通过想象一个场景开始这篇文章的。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据"Besides the pilot, Joby's air taxis can carry four other passengers. "可知，这种交通工具一次总共可以乘坐五个人。故选C。 10．词义猜测题。根据"Although the idea of flying taxis is exciting, some people are still concerned about them."以及后文提到的"The air taxis may be quieter than helicopters, but they'll still be adding noise and traffic to our skies."可知，后文提到了一些人们担心的情况，因此划线词是"担心"。故选A。 11．标题归纳题。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了空中出租车的相关信息，因此选项A"一种新的飞行出租车"适合作为最佳标题。故选A。 长郡培粹学校2023-2024学年九年级下学期第一次英语月考试题 In Tibet, there is a newly opened mini market. It provides all kinds of daily products for local people. But people don't need to pay money. Villagers here can exchange(交换) recyclables(可回收物品) for them. "Rubbish for cash (现金)" is the secret behind its success. It was not accepted by all the local people at first, so the mini market started with children. The children exchanged recyclables for snacks and soon the news spread. Now more and more people come to exchange recyclables for daily products. Four local villagers even found a job in the mini market. Tenzin Drolma is one of them. He is busy but happy every day. "The idea is good, and it is good for the environment. Also, I'm thankful for having such a job. I can get 3,000 yuan every month." he says. The mini market is not the only "green" market. In another "green" supermarket in another city, customers can buy daily products by points. People exchange recyclables for points. For example, one kilogram of boxes can be exchanged for 5 points. When people get 16 points, they can exchange them for a bag of salt. Technology also makes the green life smarter and cleaner. The smart bins(垃圾箱) can tell people how heavy their recyclables are and put the number into cards held by them. When the bins are full, they will "remind" the cleaning staff to take the rubbish out. 7．What does "It' in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The daily products. B．The new sale form. C．The rubbish. 8．Why does the writer say the two markets are "green"? A．Their buildings are green. B．Their products are good for the environment. C．They do the business in an environmentally friendly way. 9．How do people get products in another "green" supermarket? A．They get them by working there. B．They exchange points for them. C．They exchange rubbish for them directly. 10．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The "rubbish for cash" life in Tibet. B．What life is like for local people in Tibet. C．The daily products in two new markets in Tibet. 【答案】7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A 【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要讲述了在西藏新开的两个市场采用"垃圾换现金"的经营模式，鼓励村民用可回收物品交换日常用品，从而推动环保和废物回收。 7．词义猜测题。根据上文 But people don't need to pay money. Villagers here can exchange(交换) recyclables(可回收物品) for them. "Rubbish for cash(现金)" is the secret behind its success. 但人们不需要付钱。这里的村民可以用可回收物品交换。"垃圾换现金 "是其成功的秘诀，可知此处代词it指代上文的这种新的交易方式。故选B。 8．推理判断题。 根据文章的内容，这两个市场被称为"绿色"市场是因为它们以环保的方式进行经营。第一个市场允许村民用可回收物品交换日常用品，这种方式鼓励了环保和废物回收；第二个市场则允许顾客用积分购买日常用品，而这些积分是通过交换可回收物品获得的。因此，这些市场的运作方式符合环保理念，有利于保护环境 。故选C。 9．细节理解题。根据第三段In another "green" supermarket in another city, customers can buy daily products by points.在另一个城市的另一家 "绿色 "超市，顾客可以通过积分购买日常用品 ，可知是使用积分交换。故选B。 10．主旨大意题。 文章主要讲述了在西藏新开的两个市场采用"垃圾换现金"的经营模式，鼓励村民用可回收物品交换日常用品，从而推动环保和废物回收。第一个市场特别提到了西藏地区，村民们可以用可回收物品换取日常用品，而不需要支付现金。这种方式既方便了村民，又促进了环保。因此，文章的主要内容是关于西藏的"垃圾换现金"生活模式 。故选A。 2024年湖南省初中学业水平考试模拟试卷 (BEST联考三) C Our bodies sleep in 90-minute cycles (循环). There are about five to six cycles each night. At first, you enter a light stage of sleep when your muscles (肌肉) relax. Then, the body temperature drops, and the heart rate (心率) slows. Next comes deep sleep. It’s difficult to wake up during this period. This is when your body repairs itself and builds up energy (能量) for the next day. Finally, you get into the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep period. It is when most dreaming happens. After REM sleep, the cycle repeats. Waking up in the morning in the “wrong” time can make you feel especially tired. An app called Sleep Calculator (计算器) can help you avoid this. It is a tool for working out the perfect bedtime for you according to your wake-up time. Invented by a company (公司) in Britain, this smart calculator considers the sleep cycles that our bodies go through each night. If you record your wake-up time, the calculator will suggest the perfect bedtime to make sure that you rise, whether you’re an early bird or not. It’s also worth noticing that you should not just start your sleep cycle whenever you want. Many young people go to bed late and get up late, such as sleeping from 2 a.m. to 10 a.m. They think as long as they have 8 hours of sleep, everything will be fine. But in fact, our bodies can tell the time, especially by using light and temperature. That’s why sometimes we feel even more tired after oversleeping. 28. When does the body temperature drop? A. During light sleep. B. During deep sleep. C. During the dream time. 29. Where was the smart calculator invented? A. In China. B. In Britain. C. In Germany. 30. How do our bodies tell the time? A. By taking temperatures. B. By making eye movements. C. By using light and temperature. 31. What section (部分) of a magazine is the passage taken from? A. Sports. B. Health. C. Culture. 【答案】28. A 29. B 30. C 31. B 【导语】本文主要讲述了睡眠周期及其对睡眠的影响，并介绍了一款睡眠计算器应用程序，它可以根据起床时间计算合适的入睡时间。 【28题详解】细节理解题。根据“At first, you enter a light stage of sleep when your muscles (肌肉) relax. Then, the body temperature drops, and the heart rate (心率) slows.”可知在轻度睡眠阶段体温下降。故选A。 【29题详解】细节理解题。根据“Invented by a company (公司) in Britain”可知它是在英国发明的。故选B。 【30题详解】细节理解题。根据“But in fact, our bodies can tell the time, especially by using light and temperature.”可知可以通过光和温度告诉时间。故选C。 【31题详解】推理判断题。本文主要讲述了睡眠周期及其对睡眠的影响，并介绍了一款睡眠计算器应用程序，它可以根据起床时间计算合适的入睡时间，故文章可能出现在杂志的健康部分。故选B。 长沙市立信中学2023-2024学年九年级下学期第一次月考英语试题 When you think about a factory, what do you imagine first? Do you picture lots of workers doing the same thing over and over again without stopping? Well, things are changing! Nowadays, because of super cool technologies like AI, the internet of things, cloud computing and big data, factories are becoming smarter. They need fewer workers than you might think. Teway Food Group, a company in Chengdu, Sichuan, makes tasty seasonings, which are added into food to improve the taste. There robots do most of the work in their clever factory. First, the robots get and mix the things in line with their recipes(食谱). After that, the food goes into a smart cooking system that carefully watches and controls the temperatures to make sure the seasonings taste really good. During the whole process, you hardly see any workers and this makes everything cost much less. The president of the company, Yu Zhiyong, told The Paper, "Thanks to the smart factory, we have been able to make things 40 percent cheaper." Besides helping companies save money, smart factories are also looking out for the safety of workers. Baidu created a smart safety assistant(助理) called Du An'an to make sure workers are safer in factories. It gives fast answers to safety questions from workers and also looks at safety problems, helping managers work with dangers and risks quickly. Thanks to Du An'an, a big chemical(化学品) company called Daxie Petrochemical can now deal with accidents 50 percent faster than before. Faster, better and safer at a lower cost, smart factories are changing our life. In line with the "Made in China 2025" plan, China is ready to grow from "Made in China" to "Created in China". 8．In Paragraph 1, the writer starts the passage by ____. A．asking questions B．offering opinions C．showing results 9．What does the underlined word "seasonings" mean in Paragraph 3? A．季节 B．食物 C．调料 10．Which of the following is Not true about smart factories? A．There are no workers working in Teway Food Company. B．Du An'an is created to make sure the safety of the workers. C．Smart factories are cheaper and safer than traditional factories. 11．What's the main idea of the passage? A．Robots will take the place of workers in smart factories. B．Robots play a very important part in smart companies. C．Robots are needed to cut down the cost of smart companies. 【答案】8．A 9．C 10．A 11．B 【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要介绍了机器人在智能公司中扮演着非常重要的角色。 8．细节理解题。根据When you think about a factory , what do you imagine first ?可知作者是通过询问问题开始这篇文章。故答案为A 。 9．词义猜测题。根据下文which are added into food to improve the taste 可知添加到食物中以改善味道的，结合常识可知是调料。故答案为C 。 10．推理判断题。根据During the whole process, you hardly see any workers可知是在制作过程中几乎看不到工人，并未提到泰威食品公司没有工人。结合选项，可知选项A"泰威食品公司没有工人。"的陈述是不对的，故答案为A 。 11．主旨大意题。根据短文内容可知本文主要介绍了机器人在智能公司中扮演着非常重要的角色。故答案为B 。 湖南省常德市鼎城区2023-2024学年九年级下学期英语期中试卷 Among all traditional Chinese operas, types of facial makeup (脸谱) in Peking Opera have developed into the most well-known one. It is popular around the world, and has been seen as the symbol of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation. Different colors are used to show different characters, but at first, only three colors were used: red, white and black. Red is generally used to show that a person is honest and loyal (忠诚的). In fact, the red was firstly just to show the color of people's skin. Because many roles use red and black to show they're very brave and honest, red slowly has another meaning. A famous red full face is Guan Yu, known for his loyalty to Liu Bei. He regarded Liu Bei as his elder brother. They fought side by side and supported each other. Guan Yu, together with Zhang Fei protected Liu Bei from every danger. The role with the white face commonly seen is bad in human nature. The well-known character is Cao Cao, who was powerful but cruel in the time of the "Three Kingdoms". Another famous character is the Prime Minister Qin Hui in the Song Dynasty. The national hero Yue Fei was secretly killed in the prison by him. The black face shows either a rude and brave character or a fair and selfless character. Famous characters are Zhang Fei with a black cross butterfly face of Romance of the Three Kingdoms(《三国演义》) and Li Kui of Water Margin (《水浒传》). Zhang Fei is a general who served Liu Bei. His bravery was also greatly praised. Li Kui enjoyed fighting and was feared by many people who met him. Later, other colors are added to them, such as purple for justice (正义); yellow used for soldiers, means bravery; blue, showing that a character has a strong personality. 8．At first, the three colors of the facial makeup in Peking Opera were ____. A．red, gold and purple B．red, white and blue C．red, white and black 9．The role of Qin Hui has a white face because ____. A．he put national hero to death B．he was killed by Yue Fei C．he was fair and cruel 10．From the passage we know Bao Zheng, the fearless and fair official of the Song Dynasty, should have a ____. A．white face B．black face C．yellow face 11．The best title of the passage is ____. A．The Traditional Chinese Operas B．The Introduction to the Heroes in Beijing Opera C．The Relationship between Facial Colors and Characters 【答案】8．C 9．A 10．B 11．C 【解析】【分析】文章介绍了中国京剧脸谱的不同颜色及其代表的性格特点，如红色代表忠诚、白色代表邪恶、黑色代表勇敢或公正，以及后来加入的其他颜色如紫色代表正义、黄色代表士兵的勇敢、蓝色代表角色性格坚强等。 8．细节题。根据"but at first, only three colors were used: red, white and black"可知，最初京剧脸谱只有三种颜色，分别为红色、白色和黑色。故选C。 9．细节题。根据"Another famous character is the Prime Minister Qin Hui in the Song Dynasty. The national hero Yue Fei was secretly killed in the prison by him."可知，秦桧之所以是白脸谱是因为他杀害了民族英雄岳飞。故选A。 10．推理判断题。根据"The black face shows either a rude and brave character or a fair and selfless character."可知，黑色的脸谱表现公正无私的性格，包拯是宋朝公正的官员，所以应该有一张黑脸谱。故选B。 11．最佳标题题。根据"Different colors are used to show different characters"及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了中国京剧脸谱的不同颜色及其代表的性格特点。选项C"面部颜色与性格的关系"符合文章内容。故选C。 湖南省常德市鼎城区2024年中考英语一模试卷 Going to a movie now has been a part of our life. But have you ever thought of blind people watching movies? 64﹣year﹣old Wang Fokun lost his eyesight in his fifties. He had to give up his hobby of watching movies then. But in the past two years, a theater has helped him to get his love for the cinema back. Every Saturday, Wang travels 40 minutes to "watch" a movie. It's at Xindeng Theater in Kunming that Wang "watches" the movie. With the help of volunteers, Wang enjoys himself along with many other blind people. The volunteers describe what is happening on the screen, including when the story happens, what they are doing. . . Thanks to the description, the blind can throw themselves into the movie. They laugh when something funny happens and cry during sad scenes. The task of describing the movie is not as simple as it sounds. The volunteers must be familiar with every scene in the movie. "I watch a movie at least three times and write down every small part, " one of the volunteers said. And they have to practice many times before they do the job. However, they all enjoy the experience. "We're glad to bring enjoyment to the audience（观众）, " they said. So far, thousands of blind people have enjoyed more than 100 films described by them. They all agree that the volunteers do a great job. 4．Thanks to Xindeng Theater, 64﹣year﹣old Wang ____. A．has a new hobby B．can enjoy movies again C．gets his eyesight back 5．The third paragraph mainly talks about ____. A．how the blind "watch" movies at the theater B．how volunteers prepare for the description C．what is happening on the screen at the theater 6．What does the underlined word "familiar" mean in Chinese? A．熟悉的 B．擅长的 C．感兴趣的 7．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Skills to describe the movie B．Cultural activities for the blind C．Volunteers bring joy to the blind 【答案】4．B 5．A 6．A 7．C 【解析】【分析】文章主要讲述了志愿者们通过叙述的方式帮助盲人观众看电影，给他们的生活增添乐趣的故事。 4．细节题。根据It's Xindeng in that "watches" movie，可知王是在昆明新登剧院"看"这部电影的，故64岁的王又可以欣赏电影了。故选B。 5．段落大意题。根据The describe is on screen when story ，what actors actresses like they doing...，可知志愿者描述屏幕上发生的事情、演员的长相。介绍盲人如何在剧院"看"电影，故选A。 6．词义猜测题。根据The must familiar with every in movie. watch a at three and down small ，" one the said.志愿者必须......电影中的每一个场景，并把每一个小部分都写下来，可知familiar是熟悉的意思，故选A。 7．主旨题。通读全文 the of ，Wang himself with other people.在志愿者的帮助下。可知文章主要讲述了志愿者们通过叙述的方式帮助盲人观众看电影。故最佳标题应为：志愿者给盲人带来快乐。故选C。 湖南省长沙市2024年中考适应性考试英语试卷（一） Have you ever found yourself in a situation where you' re talking to someone but they keep looking at their phone? This is called " phubbing" — a mix of the words " phone" and " snubbing(不理睬)" . When someone is " phubbing" , they' re using their phone to look through the online news, check messages, play games and so on, instead of focusing on the conversation or spending time with the people they' re with. The word was first used back in 2012, when fewer people had smartphones. And now that most people have smartphones, phubbing is a common problem. Most people would agree that it' s rude to be focused on your phone when you' re spending time with another person. The expert William Hanson thinks so, too. " Phubbing is a no-no!" he says. " If you have planned to go out with friends, focus on them and not your friends on your phone. " Studies have found that phubbing can damage your relationships with others. Phubbing can make people feel left out, and those who " phub" are thought of as less polite and caring. So science has shown that phubbing is not good for us — but why do we do it? It might be because we are feeling bored, worried or stressed. Or it might be because we are addicted to(沉溺于) checking our phones, especially social media. Whatever the reason may be, phubbing is a bad habit and can make us miss out on real moments with the people around us. So the next time you' re spending time with a friend or family member, try and keep your phone out of sight! 8．From the first two paragraphs, what do you know about " phubbing" ? A．It first appeared 20 years ago. B．It is more commonly seen than before. C．It comes from the words " photo" and " snubbing" . 9．Which of the following opinions might William Hanson agree with? A．Phubbing is not a big deal. B．We had better stop using phones. C．We should pay more attention to real friends. 10．What does the underlined word " damage" mean in Paragraph 4? A．伤害 B．重建 C．发展 11．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To show the importance of friends. B．To call on people to put phones down. C．To explain the meaning of " phubbing" . 【答案】8．B 9．C 10．A 11．B 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了"低头族"现象，即在与他人交流时过度关注手机而忽视对方的行为，指出这种行为是不礼貌的，会损害人际关系，并探讨了人们为何会这样做，最后建议在与朋友或家人相处时尽量不要玩手机。 8．细节题。根据"The word was first used back in 2012, when fewer people had smartphones. And now that most people have smartphones, phubbing is a common problem."可知，这个词最早用于2012年，当时拥有智能手机的人很少。现在大多数人拥有了智能手机，这个问题比以前更常见了。故选B。 9．细节题。根据"If you have planned to go out with friends, focus on them and not your friends on your phone."可知，如果你计划和朋友出去玩，把注意力集中在他们身上，而不是手机上的朋友上。故选C。 10．词义猜测题。根据"Phubbing can make people feel left out, and those who"phub"are thought of as less polite and caring."可知，低头族会让人感到被冷落，会被认为是不礼貌和不体贴的。所以damage为"损害，伤害"，即低头族会损害和别人的关系，故选A。 11．主旨大意题。根据"Whatever the reason may be, phubbing is a bad habit and can make us miss out on real moments with the people around us. So the next time you're spending time with a friend or family member, try and keep your phone out of sight!"可知，我们应该放下手机，珍惜和身边人在一起的美好时光。故选B。 湖南省衡阳市衡阳县2024年初中学业水平模拟考试试卷 “Zero Waste” was first suggested by a French woman called Bea Johnson. Her ideas are: live a life and try not to create any rubbish; use different kinds of ways to save the environment, such as stopping the use of one-off objects; giving unwanted things to others or giving them away to organizations like the Red Cross. Yu Yuan, a post-90s girl, is a practitioner (实践者) of “Zero Waste” living. She has been leading this lifestyle for 6 years. In the past six months, she has produced only a small can of garbage. In 2017, Yu and her partner Joe opened a shop called the Bulk House in Beijing, with the aim of making Zero Waste living easy and convenient by selling a lot of Zero Waste and environmentally-friendly products. For example, you can find 100% bamboo toilet paper there, which is of course completely plastic-free. Have you ever counted how much garbage you produce in a day? If you want to lead a “Zero Waste” life, you can follow the 5R rules: refuse what you do not need; reduce what you do need; reuse what you use; recycle what you can’t refuse, reduce or reuse; rot the rest. Of course, it is very difficult to change our lives in the blink of an eye. We usually need gradual steps that enable us to make lasting changes. If you want to begin reducing your waste, there are many different small things that you can do. For example, you can buy a reusable water bottle instead of using single-use bottles. Or, if you want to save money, you can just use a jar (罐子) from something you already have! 4. Who first came up with the idea of “Zero Waste”? A. Yu Yuan. B. Bea Johnson. C. Joe. 5. According to the 5R rules, which of the following behaviors (行为) is proper? A. Do not accept what you don’t need. B. Use one-off chopsticks when eating the takeaway food. C. Throw the things you don’t like away and buy new ones. 6. What does the underlined phrase “in the blink of an eye” probably mean? A. easily B. quickly C. generally 7. What is the best title of the passage? A. Zero Waste Living B. Yu Yuan, A Practitioner of “Zero Waste” Living C. The Bulk House 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A 【解析】【导语】本文主要通过生活中零浪费的实例来倡导零浪费的生活方式。 【4题详解】细节理解题。根据“‘Zero Waste’ was first suggested by a French woman called Bea Johnson”可知，是Bea Johnson首次提出了零浪费的观点，故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据“If you want to lead a ‘Zero Waste’ life, you can follow the 5R rules: refuse what you do not need”可知，拒绝你不需要的东西，故选A。 【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据“We usually need gradual steps that enable us to make lasting change”可知，我们通常需要循序渐进的步骤，而不能很快地做出改变，所以in the blink of an eye与quickly同义，故选B。 【7题详解】最佳标题题。本文主要通过生活中零浪费的实例来倡导零浪费的生活方式，所以“‘零浪费’的生活”符合本文标题，故选A。 长沙市稻田中学2023-2024学年九年级下学期入学考试英语试卷 By now, most people know they should eat more vegetables. But are there ways to get more from the vegetables you already eat? Research shows that when it comes to vegetables, it's nọt only how much we eat, but also how we prepare them, which decides how many vitamins(维他命) and other nutrients(营养) enter our body. Many studies show that people who eat lots of vegetables have fewer illnesses and eye problems. But raw(生的) vegetables are not always the best. The researchers found that 198 Germans who ate raw food were short of lycopene(番茄红素), which is found in tomatoes and other red vegetables. "There is an idea that raw foods are always going to be better," says Steven K. Clinton, a professor at Ohio State University. "For fruits and vegetables, sometimes a little bit of cooking can be helpful." A number of factors decide how the vegetables do good to people's health before they reach the table, including where and how they were grown and stored before being bought. No single cooking way is the best. Some nutrients are easily lost in cooking if they are cooked in different ways. Vitamins C and B are often lost. In January, another report said that boiling was better for carrots than frying or serving them raw. Frying(炒) was the worst way to cook. What cooked with the vegetables can also be important. When the vegetables were cooked with fat, the diners can get more nutrients. Fat can also make the taste of vegetables better, meaning that people will eat more of them. Putting on some other things can also make them taste better. For example, a little salt can make the food taste better. 8．What do we know about vegetables from the first paragraph? A．The more vegetables we have, the healthier we will be. B．The way people eat vegetables is of great importance. C．People can't get more from the vegetables they already eat. 9．People who have raw vegetables for a long time will ____. A．have more eye problems B．have more illnesses C．be in need of lycopene 10．The followings decide how much good vegetables do EXCEPT ____. A．the place where they are grown B．the price of the vegetables C．the way of preparing vegetables 11．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The way how vegetables are stored influences how much good vegetables do to people. B．The best way to keep vitamins C and B in vegetables is to fry them. C．People will get fewer nutrients from vegetables when cooked with fat. 【答案】8．B 9．C 10．B 11．A 【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，蔬菜不仅要看我们吃多少，还要看我们如何准备蔬菜，这决定了进入我们体内的维生素和其他营养物质。文章主要说明了决定蔬菜食用效果的一些影响因素，和推荐食用蔬菜的方法。 8．推理判断题。根据第一段By now, most people know they should eat more vegetables. But are there ways to get more from the vegetables you already eat? Research shows that when it comes to vegetables, it's nọt only how much we eat, but also how we prepare them, which decides how many vitamins(维他命) and other nutrients(营养) enter our body. 现在，大多数人都知道应该多吃蔬菜。但是，有没有办法从你已经吃的蔬菜中获得更多的营养呢？一项研究表明，说到蔬菜，不仅要看我们吃多少，还要看我们如何准备蔬菜，这决定了进入我们体内的维生素和其他营养物质。结合文章内容，文章介绍了决定蔬菜食用效果的一些影响因素，和推荐食用蔬菜的方法。可推知，本段主要讲述了吃蔬菜的方式决定着我们身体所摄入的维生素和营养物，由此推出，选项B人们吃蔬菜的方式非常重要。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段The researchers found that 198 Germans who ate raw food were short of lycopene(番茄红素), which is found in tomatoes and other red vegetables. " There is an idea that raw foods are always going to be better," says Steven K. Clinton, a professor at Ohio State University. 研究人员发现，198名吃生食的德国人缺乏番茄红素，这种物质存在于番茄和其他红色蔬菜中。可知，长期吃生蔬菜的人会需要番茄红素。故选C。 10．细节理解题。根据第一段Research shows that when it comes to vegetables, it's nọt only how much we eat, but also how we prepare them, which decides how many vitamins(维他命) and other nutrients(营养) enter our body. 一项研究表明，说到蔬菜，不仅要看我们吃多少，还要看我们如何准备蔬菜，这决定了进入我们体内的维生素和其他营养物质。可知，我们吃多少蔬菜以及我们如何准备蔬菜都决定着进入我们体内的维生素和其他营养物质。所以，选项C"蔬菜的准备方式"会影响蔬菜的食用效果。又根据第三段A number of factors decide how the vegetables do good to people's health before they reach the table, including where and how they were grown and stored before being bought.许多因素决定了蔬菜在到达餐桌之前如何对人们的健康有益，包括它们在被购买之前的生长地点和储存方式。可知，蔬菜对人们的健康影响也取决于蔬菜的生长地点和储存方式。所以，A选项"蔬菜生长的地方"也能影响蔬菜的食用效果。文章没有提到蔬菜的价格问题，由此可知选项B"蔬菜的售价"不属于影响因素。故选B。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一句For example, a little salt can make the food taste better. 油炸(炒) 是最糟糕的烹饪方式。可知，选项B"在蔬菜中保持维生素C和B的最好方法是油炸。"是错误的。根据When the vegetables were cooked with fat, the diners can get more nutrients. 当蔬菜与脂肪一起烹饪时，吃的人可以获得更多的营养。可知，选项C"与脂肪一起烹饪时，人们从蔬菜中获得的营养会减少。"是错误的。根据第三段中A number of factors decide how the vegetables do good to people's health before they reach the table, including where and how they were grown and stored before being bought. 许多因素决定了蔬菜在到达餐桌之前如何对人们的健康有益，包括它们在被购买之前的生长地点和储存方式。可知，选项A"蔬菜的储存方式影响着蔬菜对人体的益处。"是正确的。故选A。 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$