精品解析：福建省龙岩市2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

龙岩市2023～2024学年第二学期期末高一教学质量检查 英语试题 (考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分) 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。 2.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第一部分 听力理解(共两节 满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who is going to live in America? A. Jack. B. Mary. C. Claire. 2. Why is the man stressed? A. He needs to take some exams. B. He has a lot to do every morning. C. He will take part in a running race. 3. What did the woman do last night? A. She wrote a report. B. She made some coffee. C. She attended a meeting. 4. How does the man feel in the end? A. Worried. B. Excited. C. Sorry. 5. What will the speakers eat tonight? A. Pizzas. B. Noodles. C. Hamburgers. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How does the woman learn the new dish? A. From the man. B. From her friends. C. From the Internet. 7 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. In a shop. C. In a restaurant. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Actor and audience. C. Ticket seller and customer. 9. How much will the speakers pay for the tickets? A. $25. B. $50. C. $100. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What did the man buy last night? A. Food. B. Air tickets. C. A new computer. 11. Where is the man's wallet? A. In his bag. B. On the desk. C. In his pocket. 12. Where will the woman wait for the man? A. In her car. B. At the shop. C. At the airport. 13. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Make dinner at home. B. Try on new jackets. C. Drive to a store. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is Amanda considering doing at the beginning of the conversation? A. Buying some green products. B. Organizing a neighborhood party. C. Giving some environmental protection suggestions. 15. What actions have the speakers already taken to help the environment? A. They have collected used cardboard. B. They have cleaned up the park. C. They have planted trees. 16. What does the man suggest? A. Buying reusable products. B. Setting up a clean-up day. C. Colleting plastic bottles. 17. What is the man going to do for the activity? A. Arrange time. B. Prepare supplies. C. Contact neighbors. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What aspect can reading guide people to think deeply according to the speaker? A. Educational views. B. The meaning of life. C. Traditions and cultures. 19. What is mentioned as a cheap way to read books? A. Going to the library. B. Attending reading clubs. C. Buying second-hand books. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. The choices of hobby. B. The benefits of reading. C. The ways of communication. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节 满分60分) 第一节(共19小题；每小题2.5分，满分47.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Gift yourself free classes today! Are you looking to bridge the gap between lifestyle and health, and start the positive journey of living longer and better? If so, then Goldster can help. Our friendly community welcomes the challenges, the victories, and the ambitions of ageing, through live online classes for all levels of abilities. Classes are science-backed, hosted by industry leading experts and designed for the over 60s. With up to 20 live classes daily, there’s always something to enjoy, from Pilates and Tai Chi to Resistance Training and Dance-there are even something a little more energetic. Or if you prefer, craft your creativity with Creative Writing, Poetry and Art and sharpen your mind with Brain Training classes and our highly praised book club. You can even capture some calm and melt into some mindfulness and self-massage with classes that help to invite a peaceful night’s sleep. So why not choose to feel better? Join Goldster now and enjoy 5 free live and 5 free on-demand classes free of charge; simply register, choose a class, and click to join. Be inspired, keep active, healthy, and socially connected with Goldster. Join for free now and receive: ·5 free live and 5 free on-demand classes, with full access to daily live classes and recordings ·A daily email with class joining links ·The Magazine full of weekly health and wellbeing articles ·Unique online events 1. Who is the text intended for? A. Kids. B. Teens. C. Seniors. D. Adults. 2. What can attendants gain from the classes? A. Challenges. B. Various magazines. C. Peace in mind. D. Science knowledge. 3. What’s the main purpose of the text? A. To present a gift. B. To make a report. C. To introduce classes. D. To persuade target readers. B When it comes to leadership, there are key qualities we should look for. The Head Boy of the WP/KE/ Gurukula College, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, Ashen Jayasooriya, is a leader who has such key qualities. “Challenges are necessary for life. Success can be achieved by overcoming challenges. Mistakes can be corrected through criticism (批评). Criticism is important to minimise mistakes and move towards success. So, challenges and criticisms make my life exciting. I am a person who carries out the responsibilities given to me and someone who always follows the right path; I am a person who always takes the advice of the seniors and works tirelessly to bring respect to the school; and also a person who works co-operatively with lower-level companions, as well as someone who thinks carefully when making decisions, while respecting the opinions of others,” he says. Jayasooriya calls for intelligent and far-sighted leadership. He feels that the misuse of power is a social evil that eats away the human spirit, relationships as well as society. “We all should act wisely and carefully. Leadership is not a crown that we wear. It is about carrying out responsibilities. When making choices, you need to understand that there are results. The world today and tomorrow demands intelligent leadership, not leaders who protect the crown that they wear. As leaders, we have to face challenges calmly, with insight and calmness, and overcome them”, explains Jayasooriya. Jayasooriya has many dreams; the biggest is to pass the GCE Advanced Level Examination with honors for all three subjects and enter the Sri Jayewardenepura University. Through his career, he aims to serve the country as well as lead a successful life. He concluded by saying that as human beings, we must never forget the importance of pity and kindness. Modesty is important, and unfortunately, we do not see this in many of those who rise to higher positions of power. 4. Which of the following can best describe Jayasooriya as a leader? A. Creative and intelligent. B. Open-minded and responsible. C. Brave and respectful. D. Demanding and thoughtful. 5. What does the underlined part “eats away” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Fuels. B. Destroys. C. Mistakes. D. Connects. 6. What is leadership in Jayasooriya’s eyes? A. Having dreams. B. Valuing the position. C. Making choices. D. Leading by serving. 7. What is the best title of the text? A. A True Leader B. Leadership challenges C. Leadership Is Wisdom D. Criticism Makes a Good Leader C Guide dogs do an amazing job of being the eyes of people who are blind or have low eyesight. Just how amazing they can be is something Dan Shepherd likes to point out. As Blind Low Vision New Zealand’s (BLV) Head of Community Engagement, Shepherd often shares his experiences with his own guide dog, Ezra. Their heartwarming story comes as pet nutrition (营养) company, Royal Canin, has announced a partnership with Blind Low Vision NZ to promote the nutrition and wellbeing of guide dogs. Dean Richardson, Manager at Royal Canin, says the company will provide high-quality nutrition personalised for the unique needs of guide dog puppies and trainees within the BLV programme. “We are excited to be on this beneficial journey,” he says. “This will help to improve the wellbeing of guide dogs and their handlers, eventually enabling more Blind Low Vision individuals to lead satisfactory lives.” Shepherd couldn’t imagine life without Ezra. “Ezra not only keeps me mobile and safe, but does a huge amount for my confidence and independence.” While Ezra’s job is to make life easier for him, Shepherd also has a responsibility to make sure Ezra is in tip-top condition so he can maintain the high levels of concentration and fitness needed to do his job. That means having regular checks and vaccinations (接种疫苗), getting plenty of exercise and feeding him a nutritious diet. “Royal Canin’s approach to puppy nutrition addresses the specific needs of guide dog puppies during their key growth periods. Their diets are carefully made to provide essential nutrients for healthy development,” says Richardson. “It’s the same as with humans. If we want guide dogs to perform every day, we need to look after what we are putting in their bodies. We have a duty of care to them, and that in turn helps us.” 8. How does Royal Canin contribute to the partnership? A. By training guide dog puppies. B. By taking guide dogs for exercise. C. By matching guide dogs with handlers. D By providing individualized dog nutrition 9. What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. The charity. B. The mission. C. The partnership. D. The experience. 10. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Duty between Shepherd & Ezra. B. Improvement of Shepherd’s life. C. Shepherd’s feelings for Ezra. D. Ezra’s influence on Shepherd. 11. What can be drawn from the last paragraph? A. Every dog has its day. B. Go to the sea if you would fish well. C. Feed a horse to make it run. D. Love me, love my dog. D The International Energy Agency (IEA) says many world electrical grids (电网) will need major improvements to support international climate change goals. In a new report, the IEA calls on nations to invest in aging electrical grid systems. The Paris-based organization works with member governments to help them shape energy policies. The IEA examined electricity grids in countries across the world to produce its report. The report found that, for the most part, electrical grid systems have not kept up with clean energy technologies like solar, wind, electric cars and heat pumps. One of the main findings is that to meet all national climate and energy goals, about 80 million kilometers of power lines will have to be added or replaced by 2040. The report noted that this amount is equal to the whole existing worldwide electricity grid. The 2015 Paris climate agreement has set a goal to limit warming worldwide to 1.5 degrees Celsius since pre-industrial times. Climate scientists believe the way to meet that goal is to reduce the use of greenhouse gases. IEA Executive Director Fatih Birol spoke to reporters from The Associated Press about the report. He said there are many renewable energy projects waiting to connect to electricity systems. But currently, most grids are not equipped to work with the greener technology. If grid changes could be completed, the projects could produce about 1,500 gigawatts of power. This is about five times the amount of solar and wind capacity added worldwide last year. If investments do not increase, the chance of reaching the Paris agreements goal drops sharply. However, The IEA notes that it is not uncommon for a single high-power overhead power line to take five to 13 years to get government approvals in developed economies. One project in Germany, first planned in 2014, was delayed after political opposition to an overhead line meant it was buried instead. Completion of the project is now expected in 2028 instead of 2022. Other important projects are delayed, including the 400-kilometer Bay of Biscay connector between Spain and France. Officials expect to finish the work in 2028 instead of 2025. 12. Why does IEA call on nations to improve electrical grids? A. To invest in clean energy. B. To stop the use of greenhouse gases. C. To develop clean energy technologies. D. To help achieve climate change goals. 13. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2? A. Grids improvement needs huge investments. B. Energy technologies have developed fully. C. Existing grids are too old to work. D. Few countries pay attention to ageing grids. 14. What will the improvement of grids bring about? A. Better green technologies. B. More governments’ support. C. Closer connection between countries. D. Great increase in electricity production. 15. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The delayed European projects. B. The completion of the projects. C. The difficulties in improving grids. D. The development of electrical grids. E MS (多发性硬化症) is a disease where the immune systems degrade the protective coating of nerves, causing a disastrous loss of motor control. Right now, diagnosis of MS is only possible through brain scans, but with nothing more than a drop of blood, medical specialists could soon have years of advance warning that the disease is developing. A team led by researchers from the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) uncovered more than a dozen antibodies (抗体) common to hundreds of MS patients. The discovery may help us understand how and why immune systems can often attack healthy parts of the brain and central nervous system and give rise to the condition. While the biomarkers were only found in around 10 percent of sera (血清) taken from individuals who would go on to develop MS, everyone who had this specific pattern of antibodies in their blood went on to develop the autoimmune disease, making it a hugely useful predictor. Having identified a common set of autoantibodies, the team noted a similarity to patterns seen in common viruses like the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV). “When we analyze healthy people using our technology, everybody looks unique, with their own fingerprint of immunological experience, like a snowflake,” says biochemist Joseph DeRisi, from UCSF. “It’s when the immunological signature of a person looks like someone else, and they stop looking like snowflakes that we begin to suspect something is wrong, and that’s what we found in these MS patients.” “Plenty of questions remain — not least about why 90 percent of the MS cases studied didn’t have this autoantibody signature — but we can add it to the growing pile of work helping us to understand how MS gets started. Diagnosis is not always straightforward for MS,” says Wilson. “We’re excited to have anything that can give more diagnostic certainty earlier on, to have a concrete discussion about whether to start treatment for each patient.” 16. What do we know about the antibodies? A. They are indicators of MS. B. They give rise to MS. C. They cause loss of motor control. D. They attack immune systems. 17. What does the underlined word “signature” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Effect. B. Feature. C. Source. D. Adaptation. 18. What can we infer from Wilson’s words? A. The reasons for MS need further research. B. The finding provides assistance for MS diagnosis. C. Doctors can have an easy access to MS treatment. D. It is unclear whether most MS cases have the autoantibody. 19. What is the main focus of the text? A. The difficulty of diagnosing MS. B. The discoveries of a UCSF research team. C. The role of the immune system in MS. D. A blood test breakthrough in early detection of MS. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的预中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We learned that perseverance (毅力) is extremely important for achievement. Those who outperform others are often not the most talented ones, but the ones with the most perseverance. Not only does perseverance help you achieve your goals, but it also improves your health. A study has found that those who have higher levels of perseverance and optimism have less depression and anxiety than others. ____20____ How can we enhance (增强) this very important character strength? In an article in Psychology Today, Christopher Bergland describes some approaches to enhancing one’s perseverance. ____21____ Observing an exercise routine for some time is considered as a duty first and requires self-discipline. Eventually, when one feels better due to the regular exercise, it will grow into something that is fun and self-rewarding. ____22____ When your starting point is right, you can better develop a firm determination and an ability to look at the big picture. Always remind yourself of what matters most. Next, take action, even though it’s just a small step. ____23____ As Walter Elliot put it, “Perseverance is not a long race; it is many short races one after another.” ____24____ Staying optimistic in the face of fear and hardship, learning from the negative experiences and working to improve yourself are also important. Hopefully, these means will help you achieve your resolution! A. One way seems to be physical activity. B. Meanwhile, you need to know your values. C. You must also face your fears and push through them D Being faithful and keeping away from fears also help. E. At the same time, you should stick to your determination. F. You can then use small victories to strengthen your determination. G. They are also more likely to push through pain and realize their dreams. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Mary led a fairly sheltered life and was quite shy. One day, she heard about an upcoming storytelling event and decided to take part in it. As the storytellers told stories on stage, the audience laughed, cried and sang. Like everyone else, Mary was also attracted by their ____25____. An exciting idea suddenly ____26____ her, I want to be a storyteller!" Mary knew that storytelling requires getting up on a stage under bright lights and ____27____ strangers. Besides, it requires self-confidence and tons of memorization. She thought, "Public speaking is my greatest ____28____. I'm already sixty years old and my ____29____ isn't that great. What if I get up there and forget my story?" But she had never felt so ____30____ before that she decided to challenge herself. So when Mary knew there would be storytelling training courses, she registered. The courses would train learners to tell stories fluently and confidently. Mary arrived early before the first course began. She was quite nervous, beginning ____31____ her decision. When the course began, the teacher asked everyone to introduce themselves, which made Mary more ____32____. With the encouragement of the teacher, she introduced herself ____33____. Weeks later, she became ____34____ storytelling. After all the courses finished, Mary ____35____ to tell a story on stage. After selecting a story, she made a(n) ____36____ to memorize it and practise telling it. Finally, Mary was able to perform ____37____ on stage. After that, Mary's confidence continued to grow and her ____38____ just faded away. She also realized that one was never too ____39____ to challenge oneself and learn new things. 25. A. performance B. looks C. achievement D. laughs 26. A. impressed B. shocked C. moved D. struck 27. A. informing B. questioning C. addressing D. amusing 28. A. favor B. fear C. ability D. pity 29. A. memory B. response C. health D. emotion 30. A. easy B. relieved C. hopeful D. alive 31. A. honoring B. remembering C. regretting D. admiring 32. A. anxious B. embarrassed C. excited D. upset 33. A. confidently B. anyway C. someway D. effectively 34. A. tired of B. emotional about C. good at D. passive about 35. A. stood up B. signed up C. dressed up D. hurried up 36. A. suggestion B. change C. wish D. effort 37. A. excellently B. proudly C. normally D. independently 38. A. stories B. confusion C. sense D. shyness 39. A. eager B. grateful C. old D. responsible 第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Gansu, with its abundant sunshine and big temperature difference between day and night, is a major apple producer. Its fresh apples are exported to more than 20 countries and regions. Gansu ____40____ (export) fresh apples valued at 190 million yuan ($26.2 million) from January to March, with 37 percent going to Vietnam, ____41____ (make) it the biggest overseas market. Some of the apples exported to Vietnam are sold in that country, ____42____ others shipped on to other Southeast Asian markets. Jiang Yubao, head of Pingliang customs, said many fruit companies ____43____ (explore) new markets in recent years as major foreign markets are saturated (饱和的) ____44____ the competition among similar producers is fierce. He added that customs is helping companies make good use of preferential ____45____ (policy) under free trade agreements to boost foreign trade and the high-quality development of local specialties. The guidance and help of customs personnel has ____46____ (significant) reduced the customs clearance costs “As a result, we now have more bargaining power in foreign trade and have more advantages ____47____ (expand) our market.” Jingning apple, ____48____ national geographical indication product in China, is brightly colored, large and well-shaped, with abundant juice, moderate _____49_____ (sweet) and sourness. According to the China Council for Brand Development, its brand value has reached 16.1 billion yuan. 第三节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 从方框中选出恰当的词或词组，并用其正确形式填空（每个词或词组只用一次）。 historic likely count bridge what enjoy enable transmit inspire feature appoint despite take place fall on crash into 50. ______ the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began, but also help us survive well into the future. 51. The important agricultural festival -the harvest festival ______ after all the crops have been gathered in. 52. In 2009, Whitacre received a video of a girl who was singing one of his works. ______, he asked his fans to make videos and joined them together into one performance. 53 Studying the history of a country will make your visit there much more ______. 54. A virtual choir ______ people to add their voices to those of other individuals and become part of the global community. 55. While being online, the more polite you are, the ______ it is you will be attacked. 56. Jan believes that it is highly important ______ the digital divide and make sure that everyone has access to the Internet and knows how to use new technology. 57. In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime. It ______ a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. 58. Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region ______ the fourth day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar, usually lasting for three days. 59. ______ started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a center for Chinese culture. 60. A milkman with his cart ______ the stone, spilling the milk everywhere. 61. On the WWW, there are ______ articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. 62. ______ Chinese immigrants settled in the Chinatown in San Francisco during the railroad construction and gold rush period. 63. In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever ______ director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 64. A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns. Then the data ______ to scientists on Earth. 第四部分 书面表达(满分20分) 65. 假定你是李华，准备在即将到来的英语活动日中做一场关于音乐的演讲，请你用英文写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1.音乐的重要性； 2.你与音乐有关的一次经历。 注意： 1.词数100左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Good morning, everyone! __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks. 听力1-5 CAABB 6-10 CAACB 11-15 CACCA 16-20 BBCAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 龙岩市2023～2024学年第二学期期末高一教学质量检查 英语试题 (考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分) 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。 2.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第一部分 听力理解(共两节 满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who is going to live in America? A. Jack. B. Mary. C. Claire. 2. Why is the man stressed? A. He needs to take some exams. B. He has a lot to do every morning. C. He will take part in a running race. 3. What did the woman do last night? A. She wrote a report. B. She made some coffee. C. She attended a meeting. 4. How does the man feel in the end? A Worried. B. Excited. C. Sorry. 5. What will the speakers eat tonight? A. Pizzas. B. Noodles. C. Hamburgers. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How does the woman learn the new dish? A. From the man. B. From her friends. C. From the Internet. 7. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. In a shop. C. In a restaurant. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Actor and audience. C. Ticket seller and customer. 9. How much will the speakers pay for the tickets? A. $25. B. $50. C. $100. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What did the man buy last night? A. Food. B. Air tickets. C. A new computer. 11. Where is the man's wallet? A. In his bag. B. On the desk. C. In his pocket. 12. Where will the woman wait for the man? A. In her car. B. At the shop. C. At the airport. 13. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Make dinner at home. B. Try on new jackets. C. Drive to a store. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is Amanda considering doing at the beginning of the conversation? A. Buying some green products. B. Organizing a neighborhood party. C. Giving some environmental protection suggestions. 15. What actions have the speakers already taken to help the environment? A. They have collected used cardboard. B. They have cleaned up the park. C. They have planted trees. 16. What does the man suggest? A. Buying reusable products. B. Setting up a clean-up day. C. Colleting plastic bottles. 17. What is the man going to do for the activity? A. Arrange time. B. Prepare supplies. C. Contact neighbors. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What aspect can reading guide people to think deeply according to the speaker? A. Educational views. B. The meaning of life. C. Traditions and cultures. 19. What is mentioned as a cheap way to read books? A. Going to the library. B. Attending reading clubs. C. Buying second-hand books. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. The choices of hobby. B. The benefits of reading. C. The ways of communication. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节 满分60分) 第一节(共19小题；每小题2.5分，满分47.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Gift yourself free classes today! Are you looking to bridge the gap between lifestyle and health, and start the positive journey of living longer and better? If so, then Goldster can help. Our friendly community welcomes the challenges, the victories, and the ambitions of ageing, through live online classes for all levels of abilities. Classes are science-backed, hosted by industry leading experts and designed for the over 60s. With up to 20 live classes daily, there’s always something to enjoy, from Pilates and Tai Chi to Resistance Training and Dance-there are even something a little more energetic. Or if you prefer, craft your creativity with Creative Writing, Poetry and Art and sharpen your mind with Brain Training classes and our highly praised book club. You can even capture some calm and melt into some mindfulness and self-massage with classes that help to invite a peaceful night’s sleep. So why not choose to feel better? Join Goldster now and enjoy 5 free live and 5 free on-demand classes free of charge; simply register, choose a class, and click to join. Be inspired, keep active, healthy, and socially connected with Goldster. Join for free now and receive: ·5 free live and 5 free on-demand classes, with full access to daily live classes and recordings ·A daily email with class joining links ·The Magazine full of weekly health and wellbeing articles ·Unique online events 1. Who is the text intended for? A. Kids. B. Teens. C. Seniors. D. Adults. 2. What can attendants gain from the classes? A. Challenges. B. Various magazines. C. Peace in mind. D. Science knowledge. 3. What’s the main purpose of the text? A. To present a gift. B. To make a report. C. To introduce classes. D. To persuade target readers. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一个针对老年人的名为Goldster的项目。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Classes are science-backed, hosted by industry leading experts and designed for the over 60s. (课程有科学依据，由行业领先的专家主持，专为60多岁的老年人设计。)”可知，这篇文章的读者是老年人。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“You can even capture some calm and melt into some mindfulness and self-massage with classes that help to invite a peaceful night’s sleep. (你甚至可以捕捉到一些平静，融入到一些正念和自我按摩中，这些课程有助于邀请一个宁静的夜晚睡眠。)”可知，可以从课程中获得心境平和。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“So why not choose to feel better? Join Goldster now and enjoy 5 free live and 5 free on-demand classes free of charge; simply register, choose a class, and click to join. (所以为什么不选择让自己感觉好一点呢？立即加入Goldster，免费享受5个免费直播和5个免费点播课程；只需注册，选择一个类，然后单击加入。)”可知，文章的主要目的是说服目标读者。故选D。 B When it comes to leadership, there are key qualities we should look for. The Head Boy of the WP/KE/ Gurukula College, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, Ashen Jayasooriya, is a leader who has such key qualities. “Challenges are necessary for life. Success can be achieved by overcoming challenges. Mistakes can be corrected through criticism (批评). Criticism is important to minimise mistakes and move towards success. So, challenges and criticisms make my life exciting. I am a person who carries out the responsibilities given to me and someone who always follows the right path; I am a person who always takes the advice of the seniors and works tirelessly to bring respect to the school; and also a person who works co-operatively with lower-level companions, as well as someone who thinks carefully when making decisions, while respecting the opinions of others,” he says. Jayasooriya calls for intelligent and far-sighted leadership. He feels that the misuse of power is a social evil that eats away the human spirit, relationships as well as society. “We all should act wisely and carefully. Leadership is not a crown that we wear. It is about carrying out responsibilities. When making choices, you need to understand that there are results. The world today and tomorrow demands intelligent leadership, not leaders who protect the crown that they wear. As leaders, we have to face challenges calmly, with insight and calmness, and overcome them”, explains Jayasooriya. Jayasooriya has many dreams; the biggest is to pass the GCE Advanced Level Examination with honors for all three subjects and enter the Sri Jayewardenepura University. Through his career, he aims to serve the country as well as lead a successful life. He concluded by saying that as human beings, we must never forget the importance of pity and kindness. Modesty is important, and unfortunately, we do not see this in many of those who rise to higher positions of power. 4. Which of the following can best describe Jayasooriya as a leader? A. Creative and intelligent. B. Open-minded and responsible. C. Brave and respectful. D. Demanding and thoughtful. 5. What does the underlined part “eats away” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Fuels. B. Destroys. C. Mistakes. D. Connects. 6. What is leadership in Jayasooriya’s eyes? A. Having dreams. B. Valuing the position. C. Making choices. D. Leading by serving. 7. What is the best title of the text? A. A True Leader B. Leadership challenges C. Leadership Is Wisdom D. Criticism Makes a Good Leader 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过叙述Ashen Jayasooriya的言行和观点，以及他的梦想和人生目标，来展示他的领导才能和个性特点。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第二段““Challenges are necessary for life. Success can be achieved by overcoming challenges. Mistakes can be corrected through criticism (批评). Criticism is important to minimise mistakes and move towards success. So, challenges and criticisms make my life exciting. I am a person who carries out the responsibilities given to me and someone who always follows the right path; I am a person who always takes the advice of the seniors and works tirelessly to bring respect to the school; and also a person who works co-operatively with lower-level companions, as well as someone who thinks carefully when making decisions, while respecting the opinions of others,” he says. (他说：“挑战对生活来说是必要的。成功可以通过克服挑战来实现。错误可以通过批评来纠正。批评对于最大限度地减少错误并走向成功很重要。所以，挑战和批评让我的生活充满激情。我是一个履行赋予我的责任的人，一个始终走正确道路的人；我是一个总是听取高年级学生建议并不知疲倦地为学校带来尊重的人；还有一个与低级别同伴合作的人，以及一个在做决定时仔细思考、同时尊重他人意见的人。”)”可知，他是一个开明且有责任感的领导者。故选B。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。由第三段中“He feels that the misuse of power is a social evil (他认为滥用权力是一种社会罪恶)”和“the human spirit, relationships as well as society (人类的精神、人际关系和社会)”可知，滥用权力是一种社会恶习，它侵蚀人类的精神、人际关系及社会。因此，eats away在此处意为“破坏，侵蚀”。A. Fuels燃料；B. Destroys破坏；C. Mistakes错误；D. Connects连接。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。由第四段中的““We all should act wisely and carefully. Leadership is not a crown that we wear. It is about carrying out responsibilities. When making choices, you need to understand that there are results. The world today and tomorrow demands intelligent leadership, not leaders who protect the crown that they wear. As leaders, we have to face challenges calmly, with insight and calmness, and overcome them”, explains Jayasooriya. (“我们都应该明智而谨慎地行事。领导不是我们戴的王冠。这是关于履行责任。当你做出选择时，你需要明白有结果。今天和明天的世界需要聪明的领导，而不是保护自己王冠的领导人。作为领导者，我们必须冷静地面对挑战，用洞察力和冷静来克服它们，”Jayasooriya解释道。)”可知，在他看来，领导力体现在通过服务来引领。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段““Challenges are necessary for life. Success can be achieved by overcoming challenges. Mistakes can be corrected through criticism (批评). Criticism is important to minimise mistakes and move towards success. So, challenges and criticisms make my life exciting. I am a person who carries out the responsibilities given to me and someone who always follows the right path; I am a person who always takes the advice of the seniors and works tirelessly to bring respect to the school; and also a person who works co-operatively with lower-level companions, as well as someone who thinks carefully when making decisions, while respecting the opinions of others,” he says. (他说：“挑战对生活来说是必要的。成功可以通过克服挑战来实现。错误可以通过批评来纠正。批评对于最大限度地减少错误并走向成功很重要。所以，挑战和批评让我的生活充满激情。我是一个履行赋予我的责任的人，一个始终走正确道路的人；我是一个总是听取高年级学生建议并不知疲倦地为学校带来尊重的人；还有一个与低级别同伴合作的人，以及一个在做决定时仔细思考、同时尊重他人意见的人。”)”可知，整篇文章围绕Jayasooriya作为领导者所展现出的品质、对领导力的理解和个人抱负进行叙述，因此最佳标题为A项“A True Leader (真正的领导者)”。故选A。 C Guide dogs do an amazing job of being the eyes of people who are blind or have low eyesight. Just how amazing they can be is something Dan Shepherd likes to point out. As Blind Low Vision New Zealand’s (BLV) Head of Community Engagement, Shepherd often shares his experiences with his own guide dog, Ezra. Their heartwarming story comes as pet nutrition (营养) company, Royal Canin, has announced a partnership with Blind Low Vision NZ to promote the nutrition and wellbeing of guide dogs. Dean Richardson, Manager at Royal Canin, says the company will provide high-quality nutrition personalised for the unique needs of guide dog puppies and trainees within the BLV programme. “We are excited to be on this beneficial journey,” he says. “This will help to improve the wellbeing of guide dogs and their handlers, eventually enabling more Blind Low Vision individuals to lead satisfactory lives.” Shepherd couldn’t imagine life without Ezra. “Ezra not only keeps me mobile and safe, but does a huge amount for my confidence and independence.” While Ezra’s job is to make life easier for him, Shepherd also has a responsibility to make sure Ezra is in tip-top condition so he can maintain the high levels of concentration and fitness needed to do his job. That means having regular checks and vaccinations (接种疫苗), getting plenty of exercise and feeding him a nutritious diet. “Royal Canin’s approach to puppy nutrition addresses the specific needs of guide dog puppies during their key growth periods. Their diets are carefully made to provide essential nutrients for healthy development,” says Richardson. “It’s the same as with humans. If we want guide dogs to perform every day, we need to look after what we are putting in their bodies. We have a duty of care to them, and that in turn helps us.” 8. How does Royal Canin contribute to the partnership? A. By training guide dog puppies. B. By taking guide dogs for exercise. C. By matching guide dogs with handlers. D. By providing individualized dog nutrition 9. What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. The charity. B. The mission. C. The partnership. D. The experience. 10. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Duty between Shepherd & Ezra. B. Improvement of Shepherd’s life. C. Shepherd’s feelings for Ezra. D. Ezra’s influence on Shepherd. 11. What can be drawn from the last paragraph? A. Every dog has its day. B. Go to the sea if you would fish well. C. Feed a horse to make it run. D. Love me, love my dog. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了宠物营养公司Royal Canin与盲人低视力新西兰组织合作，提供个性化营养支持导盲犬健康，提升盲人生活质量的故事。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Their heartwarming story comes as pet nutrition (营养) company, Royal Canin, has announced a partnership with Blind Low Vision NZ to promote the nutrition and wellbeing of guide dogs. Dean Richardson, Manager at Royal Canin, says the company will provide high-quality nutrition personalised for the unique needs of guide dog puppies and trainees within the BLV programme. (宠物营养公司Royal Canin宣布与新西兰盲人低视力协会合作，促进导盲犬的营养和健康。Royal Canin的经理Dean Richardson表示，该公司将为导盲犬幼犬和BLV项目中的受训人员提供个性化的高质量营养)”可知，Royal Canin通过提供个性化的高质量营养来为这一合作关系做出贡献。故选D项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“Their heartwarming story comes as pet nutrition (营养) company, Royal Canin, has announced a partnership with Blind Low Vision NZ to promote the nutrition and wellbeing of guide dogs. Dean Richardson, Manager at Royal Canin, says the company will provide high-quality nutrition personalised for the unique needs of guide dog puppies and trainees within the BLV programme. (宠物营养公司Royal Canin宣布与新西兰盲人低视力协会合作，促进导盲犬营养和健康。Royal Canin的经理Dean Richardson表示，该公司将为导盲犬幼犬和BLV项目中的受训人员提供个性化的高质量营养)”以及“This will help to improve the wellbeing of guide dogs and their handlers, eventually enabling more Blind Low Vision individuals to lead satisfactory lives.(这将有助于改善导盲犬及其饲养员的健康状况，最终使更多低视力盲人过上满意的生活)”可知，划线单词This指代上文提到的Royal Canin与盲人低视力新西兰的合作关系，即The partnership。故选C项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Shepherd couldn’t imagine life without Ezra. “Ezra not only keeps me mobile and safe, but does a huge amount for my confidence and independence.” While Ezra’s job is to make life easier for him, Shepherd also has a responsibility to make sure Ezra is in tip-top condition so he can maintain the high levels of concentration and fitness needed to do his job. That means having regular checks and vaccinations (接种疫苗), getting plenty of exercise and feeding him a nutritious diet.(Shepherd无法想象没有Ezra的生活。“Ezra不仅让我行动自如、安全无虞，而且对我的自信和独立性也有很大帮助。”虽然Ezra的工作是让他的生活更轻松，但Shepherd也有责任确保Ezra处于最佳状态，这样他就可以保持工作所需的高度专注和体能。这意味着要定期检查和接种疫苗，进行大量锻炼，并给他提供营养饮食)”可知，本段主要讲述了Shepherd与他的导盲犬Ezra之间的相互责任，包括保持Ezra的良好状态以便其能维持高集中力和体能完成工作，以及Shepherd对Ezra的照顾，包括定期检查、接种疫苗、充足的运动和营养饮食。因此，本段主要讨论的是Shepherd与Ezra之间的责任。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s the same as with humans. If we want guide dogs to perform every day, we need to look after what we are putting in their bodies. We have a duty of care to them, and that in turn helps us.(这和人类是一样的。如果我们想让导盲犬每天都表现出色，我们需要照顾它们的饮食。我们有责任照顾它们，这反过来也有助于我们)”可知，对导盲犬的投资（如喂养好它们）会带来相应的回报（如导盲犬的更好表现），类似于“Feed a horse to make it run”（喂马让它跑）。故选C项。 D The International Energy Agency (IEA) says many world electrical grids (电网) will need major improvements to support international climate change goals. In a new report, the IEA calls on nations to invest in aging electrical grid systems. The Paris-based organization works with member governments to help them shape energy policies. The IEA examined electricity grids in countries across the world to produce its report. The report found that, for the most part, electrical grid systems have not kept up with clean energy technologies like solar, wind, electric cars and heat pumps. One of the main findings is that to meet all national climate and energy goals, about 80 million kilometers of power lines will have to be added or replaced by 2040. The report noted that this amount is equal to the whole existing worldwide electricity grid. The 2015 Paris climate agreement has set a goal to limit warming worldwide to 1.5 degrees Celsius since pre-industrial times. Climate scientists believe the way to meet that goal is to reduce the use of greenhouse gases. IEA Executive Director Fatih Birol spoke to reporters from The Associated Press about the report. He said there are many renewable energy projects waiting to connect to electricity systems. But currently, most grids are not equipped to work with the greener technology. If grid changes could be completed, the projects could produce about 1,500 gigawatts of power. This is about five times the amount of solar and wind capacity added worldwide last year. If investments do not increase, the chance of reaching the Paris agreements goal drops sharply. However, The IEA notes that it is not uncommon for a single high-power overhead power line to take five to 13 years to get government approvals in developed economies. One project in Germany, first planned in 2014, was delayed after political opposition to an overhead line meant it was buried instead. Completion of the project is now expected in 2028 instead of 2022. Other important projects are delayed, including the 400-kilometer Bay of Biscay connector between Spain and France. Officials expect to finish the work in 2028 instead of 2025. 12. Why does IEA call on nations to improve electrical grids? A. To invest in clean energy. B. To stop the use of greenhouse gases. C. To develop clean energy technologies. D. To help achieve climate change goals. 13. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2? A. Grids improvement needs huge investments. B. Energy technologies have developed fully. C. Existing grids are too old to work. D. Few countries pay attention to ageing grids. 14. What will the improvement of grids bring about? A. Better green technologies. B. More governments’ support. C. Closer connection between countries. D. Great increase in electricity production. 15. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The delayed European projects. B. The completion of the projects. C. The difficulties in improving grids. D. The development of electrical grids. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了IEA对于全球电网系统需要进行重大改进以支持国际气候变化目标的呼吁。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The International Energy Agency (IEA) says many world electrical grids (电网) will need major improvements to support international climate change goals.(IEA说，世界上许多国家的电网需要进行重大改进，以支持国际气候变化目标。)”可知，国际能源署呼吁各国改善电网是为了帮助实现气候变化目标。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“One of the main findings is that to meet all national climate and energy goals, about 80 million kilometers of power lines will have to be added or replaced by 2040. The report noted that this amount is equal to the whole existing worldwide electricity grid.(其中一项主要发现是，为了满足所有国家的气候和能源目标，到2040年必须增加或更换大约8000万公里的输电线。报告指出，这一数字相当于全球现有电网的总和。)”可知，从第二段可以推断出电网的改善需要巨额投资。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If grid changes could be completed, the projects could produce about 1,500 gigawatts of power. This is about five times the amount of solar and wind capacity added worldwide last year.(如果电网改造能够完成，这些项目可以产生大约1500千兆瓦的电力。这大约是去年全球太阳能和风能新增容量的五倍。)”可知，电网的改进会带来电力生产大幅增加。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“However, The IEA notes that it is not uncommon for a single high-power overhead power line to take five to 13 years to get government approvals in developed economies.(然而，国际能源署指出，在发达经济体，一条高功率架空输电线路需要5到13年才能获得政府批准的情况并不罕见。)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是改善电网的困难。故选C。 E MS (多发性硬化症) is a disease where the immune systems degrade the protective coating of nerves, causing a disastrous loss of motor control. Right now, diagnosis of MS is only possible through brain scans, but with nothing more than a drop of blood, medical specialists could soon have years of advance warning that the disease is developing. A team led by researchers from the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) uncovered more than a dozen antibodies (抗体) common to hundreds of MS patients. The discovery may help us understand how and why immune systems can often attack healthy parts of the brain and central nervous system and give rise to the condition. While the biomarkers were only found in around 10 percent of sera (血清) taken from individuals who would go on to develop MS, everyone who had this specific pattern of antibodies in their blood went on to develop the autoimmune disease, making it a hugely useful predictor. Having identified a common set of autoantibodies, the team noted a similarity to patterns seen in common viruses like the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV). “When we analyze healthy people using our technology, everybody looks unique, with their own fingerprint of immunological experience, like a snowflake,” says biochemist Joseph DeRisi, from UCSF. “It’s when the immunological signature of a person looks like someone else, and they stop looking like snowflakes that we begin to suspect something is wrong, and that’s what we found in these MS patients.” “Plenty of questions remain — not least about why 90 percent of the MS cases studied didn’t have this autoantibody signature — but we can add it to the growing pile of work helping us to understand how MS gets started. Diagnosis is not always straightforward for MS,” says Wilson. “We’re excited to have anything that can give more diagnostic certainty earlier on, to have a concrete discussion about whether to start treatment for each patient.” 16. What do we know about the antibodies? A. They are indicators of MS. B. They give rise to MS. C. They cause loss of motor control. D. They attack immune systems. 17. What does the underlined word “signature” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Effect. B. Feature. C. Source. D. Adaptation. 18. What can we infer from Wilson’s words? A. The reasons for MS need further research. B. The finding provides assistance for MS diagnosis. C. Doctors can have an easy access to MS treatment. D. It is unclear whether most MS cases have the autoantibody. 19. What is the main focus of the text? A. The difficulty of diagnosing MS. B. The discoveries of a UCSF research team. C. The role of the immune system in MS. D. A blood test breakthrough in early detection of MS. 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. B 19. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员发现血液检测有助于发现多发性硬化症，解释了多发性硬化症这种病以及这一发现的好处。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“A team led by researchers from the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) uncovered more than a dozen antibodies (抗体) common to hundreds of MS patients. The discovery may help us understand how and why immune systems can often attack healthy parts of the brain and central nervous system and give rise to the condition.(由加州大学旧金山分校的研究人员领导的一个研究小组发现了数百名多发性硬化症患者共有的十几种抗体。这一发现可能有助于我们理解免疫系统如何以及为什么经常攻击大脑和中枢神经系统的健康部分，并导致这种情况)”可知，抗体是多发性硬化症的指标。故选A。 【17题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“When we analyze healthy people using our technology, everybody looks unique, with their own fingerprint of immunological experience, like a snowflake(每个人看起来都是独一无二的，有自己的免疫经验指纹，就像雪花一样)”以及后文“of a person looks like someone else, and they stop looking like snowflakes that we begin to suspect something is wrong, and that’s what we found in these MS patients”可知，每个人看起来都是独一无二的，有自己的免疫经验指纹，就像雪花一样，说明像雪花是一个人的免疫特征，而当一个人的免疫特征看起来像别人，不再像雪花时，我们就开始怀疑出了问题，这就是我们在这些多发性硬化症患者身上发现的。由此可知，划线词意思是“特征”。故选B。 【18题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“We’re excited to have anything that can give more diagnostic certainty earlier on, to have a concrete discussion about whether to start treatment for each patient.(我们很高兴能有任何能在早期提供更多诊断确定性的东西，就是否开始对每位患者进行治疗进行具体讨论)”可推知，该发现有助于MS的诊断。故选B。 【19题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“A team led by researchers from the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) uncovered more than a dozen antibodies (抗体) common to hundreds of MS patients. The discovery may help us understand how and why immune systems can often attack healthy parts of the brain and central nervous system and give rise to the condition.(由加州大学旧金山分校的研究人员领导的一个研究小组发现了数百名多发性硬化症患者共有的十几种抗体。这一发现可能有助于我们理解免疫系统如何以及为什么经常攻击大脑和中枢神经系统的健康部分，并导致这种情况)”可知，文章主要说明了研究人员发现血液检测有助于发现多发性硬化症，解释了多发性硬化症这种病以及这一发现的好处。由此可知，文章的主旨是血液检测在早期发现多发性硬化症方面的突破。故选D。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的预中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We learned that perseverance (毅力) is extremely important for achievement. Those who outperform others are often not the most talented ones, but the ones with the most perseverance. Not only does perseverance help you achieve your goals, but it also improves your health. A study has found that those who have higher levels of perseverance and optimism have less depression and anxiety than others. ____20____ How can we enhance (增强) this very important character strength? In an article in Psychology Today, Christopher Bergland describes some approaches to enhancing one’s perseverance. ____21____ Observing an exercise routine for some time is considered as a duty first and requires self-discipline. Eventually, when one feels better due to the regular exercise, it will grow into something that is fun and self-rewarding. ____22____ When your starting point is right, you can better develop a firm determination and an ability to look at the big picture. Always remind yourself of what matters most. Next, take action, even though it’s just a small step. ____23____ As Walter Elliot put it, “Perseverance is not a long race; it is many short races one after another.” ____24____ Staying optimistic in the face of fear and hardship, learning from the negative experiences and working to improve yourself are also important. Hopefully, these means will help you achieve your resolution! A. One way seems to be physical activity. B. Meanwhile, you need to know your values. C. You must also face your fears and push through them D. Being faithful and keeping away from fears also help. E. At the same time, you should stick to your determination. F. You can then use small victories to strengthen your determination. G. They are also more likely to push through pain and realize their dreams. 【答案】20. G 21. A 22. B 23. F 24. C 【解析】 【导语】本文体裁为说明。文章主要介绍了毅力的重要性，不仅对于实现目标而言，也对于提升个人健康有着积极作用，并且提供了一些增强毅力的方法和建议。 【20题详解】 由上文“Not only does perseverance help you achieve your goals, but it also improves your health. A study has found that those who have higher levels of perseverance and optimism have less depression and anxiety than others. (坚持不仅能帮助你实现目标，还能改善你的健康。一项研究发现，那些毅力和乐观程度更高的人比其他人更少抑郁和焦虑。)”可知，上文提到了毅力和乐观与减少抑郁和焦虑的关系，因此接下来的句子应该继续阐述拥有毅力的人在面对挑战时的表现。选项G“They are also more likely to push through pain and realize their dreams. (他们也更有可能克服痛苦，实现自己的梦想。)”能承接上文，进一步说明了毅力给人带来的正面影响。故选G。 【21题详解】 由上文的“In an article in Psychology Today, Christopher Bergland describes some approaches to enhancing one’s perseverance. (在《Psychology Today》的一篇文章中，Christopher Bergland描述了一些增强毅力的方法。)”和下文“Observing an exercise routine for some time is considered as a duty first and requires self-discipline. (坚持一段时间的日常锻炼首先被认为是一种责任，需要自律。)”可知，本空应谈论体育活动与提升毅力的关系。选项A“One way seems to be physical activity. (一种方式似乎是体育活动)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。 【22题详解】 由下文的“When your starting point is right, you can better develop a firm determination and an ability to look at the big picture. Always remind yourself of what matters most. (当你的出发点是正确的，你可以更好地培养坚定的决心和看大局的能力。时刻提醒自己什么是最重要的。)”可知，本空应与个人价值观或目标设定相关。选项B“Meanwhile, you need to know your values. (同时，你需要了解自己的价值观。)”能引起下文，符合题意，因为了解自己的价值观有助于确定正确的起点。故选B。 【23题详解】 由上文的“Next, take action, even though it’s just a small step. (接下来，采取行动，即使这只是一小步。)”和下文的“As Walter Elliot put it, “Perseverance is not a long race; it is many short races one after another.” (正如沃尔特·艾略特所说，“坚持不是一场长跑；这是一个接一个的短距离比赛。”)”可知，本空应与采取小步骤行动相关。选项F“You can then use small victories to strengthen your determination. (然后你可以利用小胜利来增强你的决心。)”能承上启下，它建议利用小胜利来加强决心，与短跑的比喻相契合。故选F。 【24题详解】 由下文的“Staying optimistic in the face of fear and hardship, learning from the negative experiences and working to improve yourself are also important. (面对恐惧和困难保持乐观，从消极的经历中学习，努力提高自己也很重要。)”可知，本空谈论与“克服恐惧和困难”有关的话题，选项C“You must also face your fears and push through them (你还必须面对你的恐惧并克服它们)”强调必须面对并克服恐惧，能引起下文，符合题意。故选C。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Mary led a fairly sheltered life and was quite shy. One day, she heard about an upcoming storytelling event and decided to take part in it. As the storytellers told stories on stage, the audience laughed, cried and sang. Like everyone else, Mary was also attracted by their ____25____. An exciting idea suddenly ____26____ her, I want to be a storyteller!" Mary knew that storytelling requires getting up on a stage under bright lights and ____27____ strangers. Besides, it requires self-confidence and tons of memorization. She thought, "Public speaking is my greatest ____28____. I'm already sixty years old and my ____29____ isn't that great. What if I get up there and forget my story?" But she had never felt so ____30____ before that she decided to challenge herself. So when Mary knew there would be storytelling training courses, she registered. The courses would train learners to tell stories fluently and confidently. Mary arrived early before the first course began. She was quite nervous, beginning ____31____ her decision. When the course began, the teacher asked everyone to introduce themselves, which made Mary more ____32____. With the encouragement of the teacher, she introduced herself ____33____. Weeks later, she became ____34____ storytelling. After all the courses finished, Mary ____35____ to tell a story on stage. After selecting a story, she made a(n) ____36____ to memorize it and practise telling it. Finally, Mary was able to perform ____37____ on stage. After that, Mary's confidence continued to grow and her ____38____ just faded away. She also realized that one was never too ____39____ to challenge oneself and learn new things. 25. A. performance B. looks C. achievement D. laughs 26. A. impressed B. shocked C. moved D. struck 27. A. informing B. questioning C. addressing D. amusing 28. A. favor B. fear C. ability D. pity 29 A. memory B. response C. health D. emotion 30. A. easy B. relieved C. hopeful D. alive 31. A. honoring B. remembering C. regretting D. admiring 32. A. anxious B. embarrassed C. excited D. upset 33. A. confidently B. anyway C. someway D. effectively 34. A. tired of B. emotional about C. good at D. passive about 35. A. stood up B. signed up C. dressed up D. hurried up 36. A. suggestion B. change C. wish D. effort 37. A. excellently B. proudly C. normally D. independently 38. A. stories B. confusion C. sense D. shyness 39. A. eager B. grateful C. old D. responsible 【答案】25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. D 39. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了60岁的玛丽决心挑战自我，成为一个讲故事的人，经过她的不断努力学习和练习，玛丽终于能够在舞台上出色地表演了。她还意识到，一个人要挑战自己，学习新事物，永远不会嫌老。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：和其他人一样，玛丽也被他们的表演所吸引。A. performance表演；B. looks样子；C. achievement成就；D. laughs笑。根据上文“One day, she heard about an upcoming storytelling event and decided to take part in it. As the storytellers told stories on stage, the audience laughed, cried and sang.(有一天，她听说即将举行一个讲故事的活动，于是决定参加。当讲述者在舞台上讲故事时，观众笑了，哭了，唱了)”指被表演吸引。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她突然有了一个激动人心的想法，我想成为一名讲故事的人！A. impressed使印象深刻；B. shocked使震惊；C. moved移动；D. struck打击、使想起。根据后文“I want to be a storyteller!”指某人突然想到，为sth. strike sb.。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽知道讲故事需要在明亮的灯光下站在舞台上向陌生人讲话。A. informing通知；B. questioning质疑；C. addressing讲话；D. amusing逗乐。根据上文“storytelling requires getting up on a stage under bright lights and”可知，讲故事需要在明亮的灯光下站在舞台上向陌生人讲话。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她想：“演讲是我最大的恐惧。”A. favor帮助；B. fear恐惧；C. ability能力；D. pity遗憾。根据上文“Mary led a fairly sheltered life and was quite shy.”可知，玛丽害羞，因此恐惧演讲。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经60岁了，我的记忆力也不那么好了。A. memory记忆；B. response回答；C. health健康；D. emotion情绪。根据后文“What if I get up there and forget my story?(如果我上去后忘记了我的故事怎么办？)”可知，玛丽记性不好了。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她从未感到如此充满活力，于是她决定挑战自己。A. easy容易的；B. relieved安慰的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. alive活着的、有活力的。根据后文“she decided to challenge herself”可知，玛丽决定挑战自己，因为感到充满活力。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很紧张，开始后悔自己的决定。A. honoring尊重；B. remembering记得；C. regretting后悔；D. admiring钦佩。根据上文“She was quite nervous, beginning”可知，玛丽感到紧张，开始后悔自己的决定了。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当课程开始时，老师要求每个人做自我介绍，这让玛丽更加焦虑。A. anxious焦虑的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. excited激动的；D. upset沮丧的。根据上文“She was quite nervous”以及“which made Mary more”可知，老师要求每个人做自我介绍，这让玛丽更加焦虑了。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，在老师的鼓励下，她还是做了自我介绍。A. confidently自信地；B. anyway无论如何；C. someway以某种方式；D. effectively有效地。根据上文“With the encouragement of the teacher, she introduced herself”可知，无论如何，玛丽还是在老师的鼓励下做了自我介绍。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：几周后，她开始擅长讲故事了。A. tired of厌倦；B. emotional about对……激动；C. good at擅长；D. passive about对……消极。根据后文所有课程结束后，玛丽报名去舞台上讲一个故事，说明几周后，她开始擅长讲故事了。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所有课程结束后，玛丽报名去舞台上讲一个故事。A. stood up站起来；B. signed up报名；C. dressed up打扮；D. hurried up急忙。根据后文“to tell a story on stage”指玛丽报名去舞台上讲一个故事。故选B。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：选好一个故事后，她努力去记忆并练习讲故事。A. suggestion建议；B. change改变；C. wish希望；D. effort努力。根据后文“to memorize it and practise telling it”指玛丽努力去记忆并练习讲故事。故选D。 【37题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：玛丽终于能够在舞台上出色地表演了。A. excellently出色地；B. proudly骄傲地；C. normally正常地；D. independently独立地。根据后文“After that, Mary’s confidence continued to grow”可知，玛丽的信心不断增长，说明她终于能够在舞台上出色地表演了。故选A。 38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，玛丽的信心不断增长，她的羞怯也逐渐消失了。A. stories故事；B. confusion困惑；C. sense感觉；D. shyness害羞。根据上文“After that, Mary’s confidence continued to grow”可知，玛丽的信心不断增长，她的羞怯也逐渐消失了。故选D。 【39题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她还意识到，一个人要挑战自己，学习新事物，永远不会嫌老。A. eager渴望的；B. grateful感谢的；C. old老的；D. responsible负责的。根据上文“I’m already sixty years old”可知，此处强调活到老学到老。故选C。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Gansu, with its abundant sunshine and big temperature difference between day and night, is a major apple producer. Its fresh apples are exported to more than 20 countries and regions. Gansu ____40____ (export) fresh apples valued at 190 million yuan ($26.2 million) from January to March, with 37 percent going to Vietnam, ____41____ (make) it the biggest overseas market. Some of the apples exported to Vietnam are sold in that country, ____42____ others shipped on to other Southeast Asian markets. Jiang Yubao, head of Pingliang customs, said many fruit companies ____43____ (explore) new markets in recent years as major foreign markets are saturated (饱和的) ____44____ the competition among similar producers is fierce. He added that customs is helping companies make good use of preferential ____45____ (policy) under free trade agreements to boost foreign trade and the high-quality development of local specialties. The guidance and help of customs personnel has ____46____ (significant) reduced the customs clearance costs “As a result, we now have more bargaining power in foreign trade and have more advantages ____47____ (expand) our market.” Jingning apple, ____48____ national geographical indication product in China, is brightly colored, large and well-shaped, with abundant juice, moderate _____49_____ (sweet) and sourness. According to the China Council for Brand Development, its brand value has reached 16.1 billion yuan. 【答案】40. exported 41. making 42. with 43. have been exploring##have explored 44. and 45. policies 46. significantly 47. to expand 48. a 49. sweetness 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了甘肃苹果出口情况。 【40题详解】 考查时态。句意：从1月到3月，甘肃出口了价值1.9亿元（2620万美元）的新鲜苹果，其中37%出口到越南，使其成为最大的海外市场。根据后文from January to March可知为一般过去时。故填exported。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从1月到3月，甘肃出口了价值1.9亿元（2620万美元）的新鲜苹果，其中37%出口到越南，使其成为最大的海外市场。此处make与上文构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填making。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：一些出口到越南的苹果在该国销售，其他的则运往其他东南亚市场。此处作伴随状语，为with的复合结构：with+代词+过去分词。故填with。 【43题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：平凉海关关长姜玉宝表示，近年来，由于国外主要市场已经饱和，同类生产商之间的竞争也很激烈，许多水果公司一直在探索新的市场。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文in recent years可知应用现在完成时的被动语态，或现在完成进行时的被动语态，主语为many fruit companies，助动词用have。故填have been exploring/have explored。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：平凉海关关长姜玉宝表示，近年来，由于国外主要市场已经饱和，同类生产商之间的竞争也很激烈，许多水果公司一直在探索新的市场。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 【45题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：他补充说，海关正在帮助企业利用好自由贸易协定下的优惠政策，促进对外贸易和地方特产的高质量发展。前文没有冠词表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填policies。 【46题详解】 考查副词。句意：海关人员的指导和帮助，大大降低了通关成本。修饰动词reduce应用副词significantly，故填significantly。 【47题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“因此，我们现在在对外贸易中有更大的议价能力，有更多的优势来扩大我们的市场。”此处expand在句中作目的状语，用不定式。故填to expand。 【48题详解】 考查冠词。句意：静宁苹果是中国国家地理标志产品，色泽鲜艳，个头大，外形匀称，汁液丰富，酸甜适中。此处product为泛指，且national是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【49题详解】 考查名词。句意：静宁苹果是中国国家地理标志产品，色泽鲜艳，个头大，外形匀称，汁液丰富，酸甜适中。作介词的宾语，应用名词sweetness，不可数。故填sweetness。 第三节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 从方框中选出恰当的词或词组，并用其正确形式填空（每个词或词组只用一次）。 historic likely count bridge what enjoy enable transmit inspire feature appoint despite take place fall on crash into 50. ______ the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began, but also help us survive well into the future. 51. The important agricultural festival -the harvest festival ______ after all the crops have been gathered in. 52. In 2009, Whitacre received a video of a girl who was singing one of his works. ______, he asked his fans to make videos and joined them together into one performance. 53. Studying the history of a country will make your visit there much more ______. 54. A virtual choir ______ people to add their voices to those of other individuals and become part of the global community. 55. While being online, the more polite you are, the ______ it is you will be attacked. 56. Jan believes that it is highly important ______ the digital divide and make sure that everyone has access to the Internet and knows how to use new technology. 57. In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime. It ______ a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. 58. Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region ______ the fourth day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar, usually lasting for three days. 59. ______ started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a center for Chinese culture. 60. A milkman with his cart ______ the stone, spilling the milk everywhere. 61. On the WWW, there are ______ articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. 62. ______, Chinese immigrants settled in the Chinatown in San Francisco during the railroad construction and gold rush period. 63. In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever ______ director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 64. A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns. Then the data ______ to scientists on Earth. 【答案】50. Despite 51. takes place 52. Inspired 53. enjoyable 54. enables 55. more unlikely 56. to bridge 57. featured 58. falls on 59. What 60. crashed into 61. countless 62. Historically 63. to be appointed##appointed 64. is transmitted 【解析】 【50题详解】 考查介词。句意：尽管困难重重，但科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，还能帮助我们在未来生存得更好。由“the difficulties”可知，句子表示“尽管困难重重，但科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，还能帮助我们在未来生存得更好”，空格处意为“尽管”，是despite，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Despite。 【51题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：重要的农业节日——丰收节是在所有的庄稼收割完毕后举行的。由“after all the crops have been gathered in”可知，句子表示“丰收节是在所有的庄稼收割完毕后举行的”，空格处意为“发生”，是固定短语take place，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语the harvest festival是单数，因此空格处动词用第三人称单数，故填takes place。 【52题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2009年，Whitacre收到了一段视频，视频中有一个女孩在唱他的一首作品。受此启发，他让粉丝们制作视频，并将他们组合在一起进行表演。由“Whitacre received a video of a girl who was singing one of his works”可知，句子表示“受此启发，他让粉丝们制作视频，并将他们组合在一起进行表演”，空格处意为“受启发”，“启发”是inspire，句中谓语是asked and joined，空格处用非谓语动词，he和inspire之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Inspired。 【53题详解】 考查形容词。句意：学习一个国家的历史会使你的参观更加愉快。由“Studying the history of a country”可知，句子表示“学习一个国家的历史会使你的参观更加愉快”，空格处意为“愉快的”，是形容词enjoyable。故填enjoyable。 【54题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：虚拟唱诗班使人们能够将自己的声音添加到其他人的声音中，并成为全球社区的一部分。由“people to add their voices to those of other individuals and become part of the global community”可知，句子表示“虚拟唱诗班使人们能够将自己的声音添加到其他人的声音中，并成为全球社区的一部分”，空格处意为“使能够”，是enable，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语A virtual choir是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数enables。故填enables。 【55题详解】 考查比较级。句意：在网上，你越有礼貌，你就越不可能被攻击。由“While being online, the more polite you are”可知，句子表示“在网上，你越有礼貌，你就越不可能被攻击”，空格处意为“越不可能的”，“不可能的”是unlikely，“越不可能的”用比较级more unlikely。故填more unlikely。 【56题详解】 考查不定式。句意：简认为，弥合数字鸿沟，确保每个人都能访问互联网并知道如何使用新技术是非常重要的。由“the digital divide”可知，句子表示“弥合数字鸿沟”，空格处意为“弥合”，是bridge，it is important to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是重要的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此空格处用不定式，故填to bridge。 【57题详解】 考查时态。句意：在古埃及，丰收节是在春天庆祝的。它的特色是游行和盛大的宴会，有音乐、舞蹈和体育。由“a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports”可知，句子表示“它的特色是游行和盛大的宴会，有音乐、舞蹈和体育”，空格处意为“以……为特色”，是feature，由In ancient Egypt可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填featured。 【58题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中国内蒙古自治区的那达慕节在农历六月初四，通常持续三天。由“the fourth day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar”可知，句子表示“中国内蒙古自治区的那达慕节在农历六月初四”，空格处意为“落在某个时间或日期上”，是固定短语fall on，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Naadam Festival是单数，因此空格处动词用第三人称单数，故填falls on。 【59题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：这里最初是中国移民的住宅区，后来变成了中国文化的中心。“started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，句子表示“这里最初是中国移民的住宅区，后来变成了中国文化的中心”，因此空格处用what引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填What。 【60题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：一个送奶人推着手推车撞在石头上，牛奶洒得到处都是。由“spilling the milk everywhere”可知，句子表示“一个送奶人推着手推车撞在石头上”，空格处意为“撞在……上”，是固定短语crash into，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处动词用过去式，故填crashed into。 【61题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在万维网上，有无数的文章告诉我们互联网如何使我们的生活更方便。由“On the WWW”可知，句子表示“在万维网上，有无数的文章告诉我们互联网如何使我们的生活更方便”，空格处意为“无数的”，是形容词countless。故填countless。 【62题详解】 考查副词。句意：历史上，在铁路建设和淘金热时期，中国移民在旧金山的唐人街定居。由“Chinese immigrants settled in the Chinatown in San Francisco during the railroad construction and gold rush period”可知，句子表示“历史上，在铁路建设和淘金热时期，中国移民在旧金山的唐人街定居”，空格处意为“历史上”，用副词修饰整个句子，是historically，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Historically。 【63题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1941年，林医生成为第一位被任命为北京协和医院妇产科主任的中国女性。由“director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital”可知，句子表示“林医生成为第一位被任命为北京协和医院妇产科主任的中国女性”，空格处意为“任命”，是appoint，句中谓语是became，空格处用非谓语动词，Dr Lin和appoint之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动；Chinese woman被序数词first修饰，空格处用不定式作后置定语，林医生是被任命，因此空格处也可用不定式的被动语态to be appointed。故填to be appointed/appointed。 【64题详解】 考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：许多卫星记录陆地和天气模式的数据。然后这些数据被传送给地球上的科学家。由“data”和“to scientists on Earth”可知，句子表示“这些数据被传送给地球上的科学家”，空格处意为“传送”，是transmit，句子描述经常性动作，时态用一般现在时，数据是被传送，因此空格处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语data是不可数名词，因此空格处是is transmitted。故填is transmitted。 第四部分 书面表达(满分20分) 65. 假定你是李华，准备在即将到来的英语活动日中做一场关于音乐的演讲，请你用英文写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1.音乐的重要性； 2.你与音乐有关的一次经历。 注意： 1.词数100左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Good morning, everyone! __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks. 【答案】One possible version: Good morning, everyone ! As we know, music can help us relieve tiredness and stress, cultivate our minds as well as get involved in creativity. I still remember the time when I felt confused and unsettled as a freshman. It was the song “Castle in the Sky” that accompanied me through the difficult days. Music traveled through space and time and touched my heart, giving me courage and strength and guiding me to a better future. All in all, music brings us happiness and peace. Let’s immerse ourselves in the sea of music and feel the endless power music brings to us. Thanks! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生准备在即将到来的英语活动日中做一场关于音乐的演讲，要求考生按照要求用英文写一篇演讲稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 减轻：relieve→ reduce 疲倦：tiredness→ fatigue 压力：stress→ pressure 参与：get involved in→ participate in 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Music traveled through space and time and touched my heart, giving me courage and strength and guiding me to a better future. 拓展句：Music traveled through space and time and touched my heart, which gave me courage and strength and guided me to a better future. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It was the song “Castle in the Sky” that accompanied me through the difficult days.（运用了“It was...that...”强调句型） 【高分句型2】Music traveled through space and time and touched my heart, giving me courage and strength and guiding me to a better future.（运用了现在分词giving和guiding 作结果状语） 听力1-5 CAABB 6-10 CAACB 11-15 CACCA 16-20 BBCAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$