内容正文:
2025年高考英语一轮复习点点通(江苏专用)
专题08 现在时态和语态(讲义)
目录
01 考情分析 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2
02 知识概览-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2
03 必备知识-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
考点一 一般现在时-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
考点二 现在进行时-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
考点三 现在完成时-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
考点四、现在完成进行时-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
04 关键能力-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5
专题08 现在时态和语态(讲义)
01 考情分析
考情分析:分析2021-2024年新高考有关现在时态和语态的考向分布。
题型
语法填空
高考考点
动词的时态和语态(考查的具体内容展示)
主谓一致
新高考I卷
2024
walks一般现在时
主谓一致
2023
2022
is designed一般现在时的被动语态
主谓一致
2021
主谓一致
新高考II卷
2024
2023
2022
主谓一致
2021
新高考浙江卷
2024年1月
have started现在完成时;be offered一般现在时的被动语态
2023年1月
主谓一致
2022年1月
37.is viewed/has been viewed38.are41.have promised
主谓一致
2022年6月
36.be appreciated
2021年1月
39.is considered
主谓一致
2021年7月
36.has proved/has proven
主谓一致
02 知识概览
03 必备知识
考点一 一般现在时
必备基础知识:1.主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点;表示经常或习惯性的动作,句子中常有often,always,from time to time等时间状语。
2.表示客观规律、事实和永恒真理。
重难点知识:1.在时间和条件状语从句中,代替一般将来时;常用的引导词有时间:when,until,after,before,as soon as,once,the moment/the minute,the day等;条件:if,unless,provided,so/as long as等。
2.用于here,there开头的倒装句中,一般现在时表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。
【真题分析】
1.(2024·新高考I卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
2.(2023·全国乙卷)The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
考点二 现在进行时
必备基础知识:现在进行时的构成为“am/is/are+ doing”。表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事,虽然此时动作不一定正在进行,常与these days,this week等时间状语连用。
重难点知识:1.现在进行时还可表示按计划或安排将要进行的动作,这类动词主要有go,come,leave,stay,start,arrive,land,meet,move,return,stay,stop,do等。
2.表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作,往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等情绪,常与always,continually,constantly,forever,all the time等连用。
【真题分析】
1.(2024·江苏省海安高级中学月考)Over the years, five stations have been built in Lop Nur, and altogether 20 people 65 (work) at them safeguarding heritage, according to Feng Jing, director of Loulan Museum in Ruoqiang.
2.[2021·八省1月联考]Apps (short for applications) ________(become)increasingly popular nowadays, and for good reason.
考点三 现在完成时
必备基础知识:现在完成时的构成为“have/has+done”。表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态到说话时刚刚完成或结束。现在完成时常与up to now,so far,already,yet,now,recently,in the past few years,just,since then等表示时间的词连用,表示过去的动作对现在的影响。
重难点知识:1.用于时间、条件状语从句中,表示将来要完成的动作或一个动作先于另一个动作。
2.在“It/This is the best (worst,most interesting等)+名词+从句”中,从句中的谓语用现在完成时。
3.在“It/This the first/second/third...time+that从句”中,that从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时。
【真题分析】
1.(2024年1月浙江高考真题)If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets 62 (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
2.(2022·全国甲卷)In the last five years, Cao ______ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
考点四 现在完成进行时
必备基础知识:现在完成进行时的构成为“have/has+been+doing”。表示过去的动作持续到现在并有可能延续下去,常和for,since引导的时间状语连用。
重难点知识:1. 表示重复性动作;2. 表示某种感情色彩。
【真题分析】
1.(2024·江苏省句容三中、海安实验中学联考)Ancient Chinese healing methods 36 (spread) along the Silk Road for over two millennia, but the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has further boosted the internationalization of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
2.(吉林省吉林市高三第一次调研考试)Li, born in 1990, ______ (live) with her grandparents in Mianyang, Sichuan, since the age of 6 after her father died.
3.(2023·广东省大湾区普通高中毕业班联合模拟)Since then, Liu ________(volunteer)to support the group.
04 关键能力
动词时态与语法填空:在语法填空中,动词的时态是必考内容。
[应对策略]
1.句中若缺少谓语,注意要考虑所给动词的时态和语态。判断时态首先要确定时间,然后根据动作发生的状态来判断应该运用哪种时态。有时也可以根据空格后和该句中已经存在的谓语动词的并列关系来确定时态。
2.句中缺少谓语,且与主语存在被动关系,考虑根据时间和动作存在的方式,确定相应时态的被动语态。注意只有及物动词才有被动语态。
3.在确定谓语动词的时态和语态时,我们可从四个方面来进行判断:
(1)看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句。
(2)看上下文的谓语动词的形式。
(3)看是否是特殊的句型。如:
①was/were about to do...when...did...
②It is/has been+时间段+since从句(一般过去时)
③It/This/That is the first time that...have/has done...或It/This/That was the first time that...had done...
④It's (high time) that...did/should do...
⑤Hardly had+主语+done...when...did...或No sooner had+主语+done...than...did...
这样的句型还有很多,平时要注意积累。
(4)看与主语存在主动关系还是被动关系。若是被动,还需看所给词是否为及物动词,是否考查主动表被动等。
(5)注意主谓是否一致。
【真题分析】
(2012·新课标Ⅱ,18)The manager (tell)the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.
2.在语篇中灵活运用冠词相关知识
【考例分析】
(2024·云南省昆明市五华区云南师范大学附属中学高三月考)
Baduanjin is one of the oldest health and fitness practices in China, originally created over800 years ago during the Song Dynasty. The name, literally 1 (mean), “eight-section brocade”, refers to how the eight individual movements characterize and give a silken quality to the movement of the body and its energy.
Baduanjin used to be popular mainly among older Chinese folks, 2 now young people are also getting into it. No equipment is necessary and very little space or time 3 (require).In fact, it's perfect for office workers, as they often suffer from back pain caused by hours sitting in front of the computer.
However, not all people are 4 (suit) for practicing baduanjin. According to LiuXiaodan, 5 associate professor at Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 6 should be put first is safety when doing baduanjin. The 7 ( injury) of weak patients’ falling are common and they’d better take 8 this exercise. after a full recovery.
9 (undoubted) no one could have expected this slow-moving movement has become popular among Chinese young people. From online exercise to temple spiritual practices, young Chinese fall in love with it and are keen 10 ( spread) Chinese traditional fitness around the world.
(
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2025年高考英语一轮复习点点通(江苏专用)
专题08 现在时态和语态(讲义)
目录
01 考情分析 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2
02 知识概览-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2
03 必备知识-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
考点一 一般现在时-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
考点二 现在进行时-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
考点三 现在完成时-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
考点四、现在完成进行时-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5
04 关键能力-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6
专题08 现在时态和语态(讲义)
01 考情分析
考情分析:分析2021-2024年新高考有关现在时态和语态的考向分布。
题型
语法填空
高考考点
动词的时态和语态(考查的具体内容展示)
主谓一致
新高考I卷
2024
walks一般现在时
主谓一致
2023
2022
is designed一般现在时的被动语态
主谓一致
2021
主谓一致
新高考II卷
2024
2023
2022
主谓一致
2021
新高考浙江卷
2024年1月
have started现在完成时;be offered一般现在时的被动语态
2023年1月
主谓一致
2022年1月
37.is viewed/has been viewed38.are41.have promised
主谓一致
2022年6月
36.be appreciated
2021年1月
39.is considered
主谓一致
2021年7月
36.has proved/has proven
主谓一致
02 知识概览
03 必备知识
考点一 一般现在时
必备基础知识:1.主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点;表示经常或习惯性的动作,句子中常有often,always,from time to time等时间状语。
2.表示客观规律、事实和永恒真理。
重难点知识:1.在时间和条件状语从句中,代替一般将来时;常用的引导词有时间:when,until,after,before,as soon as,once,the moment/the minute,the day等;条件:if,unless,provided,so/as long as等。
2.用于here,there开头的倒装句中,一般现在时表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。
【真题分析】
1.(2024·新高考I卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
【答案】walks
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:此外,围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through,意为“带领某人穿过……”,空处为本句谓语动词,根据上文可知,本句时态为一般现在时,主语the Silk Route Garden为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
2.(2023·全国乙卷)The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
【答案】means
【解析】考查动词时态及主谓一致。空处在句中作谓语,本句阐述客观事实,应用一般现在时,且句子主语the remarkable development of this city为第三人称单数,故本空应填means。
考点二 现在进行时
必备基础知识:现在进行时的构成为“am/is/are+ doing”。表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事,虽然此时动作不一定正在进行,常与these days,this week等时间状语连用。
重难点知识:1.现在进行时还可表示按计划或安排将要进行的动作,这类动词主要有go,come,leave,stay,start,arrive,land,meet,move,return,stay,stop,do等。
2.表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作,往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等情绪,常与always,continually,constantly,forever,all the time等连用。
【真题分析】
1.(2024·江苏省海安高级中学月考)Over the years, five stations have been built in Lop Nur, and altogether 20 people 65 (work) at them safeguarding heritage, according to Feng Jing, director of Loulan Museum in Ruoqiang.
【答案】are working/have been working
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:多年来,罗布泊已经建成了五个站点,共有20人一直在这些站点从事保护遗产的工作。分析句子可知,空格处为句子谓语部分;根据时间状语Over the years可知,应使用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时,主语是20 people,故填are working/have been working。
2.[2021·八省1月联考]Apps (short for applications) ________(become)increasingly popular nowadays, and for good reason.
【答案】are becoming
【解析】考查动词时态。目前应用程序有充分的理由越来越流行。根据句中的increasingly可知,此处表达的是一个动态的过程,意为:越来越。故用现在进行时。故填are becoming。
考点三 现在完成时
必备基础知识:现在完成时的构成为“have/has+done”。表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态到说话时刚刚完成或结束。现在完成时常与up to now,so far,already,yet,now,recently,in the past few years,just,since then等表示时间的词连用,表示过去的动作对现在的影响。
重难点知识:1.用于时间、条件状语从句中,表示将来要完成的动作或一个动作先于另一个动作。
2.在“It/This is the best (worst,most interesting等)+名词+从句”中,从句中的谓语用现在完成时。
3.在“It/This the first/second/third...time+that从句”中,that从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时。
【真题分析】
1.(2024年1月浙江高考真题)If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets 62 (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
【答案】have started
【解析】考查现在完成时。句意:在过去的两年里,一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装,设计成两半,拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知,此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。
2.(2022·全国甲卷)In the last five years, Cao ______ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
【答案】has walked
【解析】考查动词时态。在过去的五年中,曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知,此处应用现在完成时。故填has walked。
考点四 现在完成进行时
必备基础知识:现在完成进行时的构成为“have/has+been+doing”。表示过去的动作持续到现在并有可能延续下去,常和for,since引导的时间状语连用。
重难点知识:1. 表示重复性动作;2. 表示某种感情色彩。
【真题分析】
1.(2024·江苏省句容三中、海安实验中学联考)Ancient Chinese healing methods 36 (spread) along the Silk Road for over two millennia, but the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has further boosted the internationalization of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
【答案】have spread/have been spreading
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:中国古代的治疗方法已经沿着丝绸之路传播了两千多年,但“一带一路”倡议(BRI)进一步推动了中医药的国际化。分析句子可知,空处作谓语动词,由时间状语for over two millennia可知,此处应为现在完成时,或强调“传播”这一动作一直正在进行,使用现在完成进行时,主语Chinese healing methods为复数名词,所以谓语动词应用原形形式。故填have spread/have been spreading。
2.(吉林省吉林市高三第一次调研考试)Li, born in 1990, ______ (live) with her grandparents in Mianyang, Sichuan, since the age of 6 after her father died.
【答案】has been living/has lived
【解析】考查时态。李出生于1990年,父亲去世后,从6岁起,一直与祖父母住在四川绵阳。根据句中“since the age of 6”可知,句子应为现在完成时。故可填has lived;或用现在完成进行时,表示动作开始于过去,持续到现在,并且有可能持续下去。故可填has been living。故填has been living/has lived。
3.(2023·广东省大湾区普通高中毕业班联合模拟)Since then, Liu ________(volunteer)to support the group.
【答案】has been volunteering
【解析】考查时态。句意:从那时起,刘就一直志愿支持这个团体。此句的时间状语为since then和句意可知,表示动作从过去一直持续到现在,强调动作的持续性,故应用现在完成进行时,主语Liu是第三人称单数,故填has been volunteering。
04 关键能力
动词时态与语法填空:在语法填空中,动词的时态是必考内容。
[应对策略]
1.句中若缺少谓语,注意要考虑所给动词的时态和语态。判断时态首先要确定时间,然后根据动作发生的状态来判断应该运用哪种时态。有时也可以根据空格后和该句中已经存在的谓语动词的并列关系来确定时态。
2.句中缺少谓语,且与主语存在被动关系,考虑根据时间和动作存在的方式,确定相应时态的被动语态。注意只有及物动词才有被动语态。
3.在确定谓语动词的时态和语态时,我们可从四个方面来进行判断:
(1)看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句。
(2)看上下文的谓语动词的形式。
(3)看是否是特殊的句型。如:
①was/were about to do...when...did...
②It is/has been+时间段+since从句(一般过去时)
③It/This/That is the first time that...have/has done...或It/This/That was the first time that...had done...
④It's (high time) that...did/should do...
⑤Hardly had+主语+done...when...did...或No sooner had+主语+done...than...did...
这样的句型还有很多,平时要注意积累。
(4)看与主语存在主动关系还是被动关系。若是被动,还需看所给词是否为及物动词,是否考查主动表被动等。
(5)注意主谓是否一致。
【真题分析】
(2012·新课标Ⅱ,18)The manager (tell)the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.
【答案】has been telling
【解析】此处表示从九点钟一直持续并依然在进行的动作,故用现在完成进行时。
2.在语篇中灵活运用冠词相关知识
【考例分析】
(2024·云南省昆明市五华区云南师范大学附属中学高三月考)
Baduanjin is one of the oldest health and fitness practices in China, originally created over800 years ago during the Song Dynasty. The name, literally 1 (mean), “eight-section brocade”, refers to how the eight individual movements characterize and give a silken quality to the movement of the body and its energy.
Baduanjin used to be popular mainly among older Chinese folks, 2 now young people are also getting into it. No equipment is necessary and very little space or time 3 (require).In fact, it's perfect for office workers, as they often suffer from back pain caused by hours sitting in front of the computer.
However, not all people are 4 (suit) for practicing baduanjin. According to LiuXiaodan, 5 associate professor at Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 6 should be put first is safety when doing baduanjin. The 7 ( injury) of weak patients’ falling are common and they’d better take 8 this exercise. after a full recovery.
9 (undoubted) no one could have expected this slow-moving movement has become popular among Chinese young people. From online exercise to temple spiritual practices, young Chinese fall in love with it and are keen 10 ( spread) Chinese traditional fitness around the world.
【答案】
1.meaning 2.but/yet 3.is required 4.suitable 5.an 6.what 7.injuries 8.up 9.Undoubtedly 10.to spread
【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了中国最古老的健身方式之一八段锦越来越受到人们的欢迎。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:这个名字,字面意思是“八段锦”,指的是八个单独的动作如何表征身体的运动及其能量,并赋予其丝绸般的品质。空处为非谓语动词,The name与mean在逻辑上是主动关系,用现在分词。故填meaning。
2.考查连词。句意:八段锦过去主要在中国老年人中流行,但现在年轻人也喜欢上了。根据句意可知,前后表示转折关系,用连词but/yet。故填but/yet。
3.考查时态和语态。句意:不需要任何设备,只需要很少的空间和时间。very little space or time与require为被动关系,且在陈述事实,所以本句为一般现在时的被动语态 。故填is required。
4.考查形容词。句意:事实上,它非常适合上班族,因为他们经常因为长时间坐在电脑前而遭受背部疼痛的折磨。形容词suitable做表语。故填suitable。
5.考查冠词。句意:上海中医药大学的一名副教授刘晓丹表示,做八段锦时,安全是第一位的。泛指“一名副教授”,且associate首字母的发音为元音音素。故填an。
6.考查连接词。句意:上海中医药大学的一名副教授刘晓丹表示,做八段锦时,安全是第一位的。空处为主语从句,缺少主语,连接词为what。故填what。
7.考查名词。句意:身体虚弱的病人摔倒受伤是常见的,他们最好从事于这项运动。根据are可知,主语为复数injuries。故填injuries。
8.考查介词。句意:体虚弱的病人摔倒受伤是常见的,他们最好从事于这项运动。take up从事于,符合句意。故填up。
9.考查副词。句意:毫无疑问,没有人会预料到这种缓慢的运动在中国年轻人中变得流行起来。副词作状语修饰整个句子,首字母大写。故填Undoubtedly。
10.考查不定式。句意:从网上健身到寺庙修行,中国的年轻人爱上了它,并热衷于将中国的传统健身传播到世界各地。be keen to do sth热衷于做某事。故填to spread。
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